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### Instruction:
Are angiotensinogen T174M and M235T gene polymorphisms associated with the extent of coronary atherosclerosis?
### Response:
| The present study strengthens the hypothesis of an association of both angiotensinogen gene polymorphisms with the extent of coronary heart disease. |
### Instruction:
Are dietary fat and carbohydrates independently associated with circulating insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 concentrations in healthy adults?
### Response:
| Serum IGF-1 and/or IGFBP-3 concentrations are associated with red meat, carbohydrate intake, and fat intake and, thus, may mediate the effect of these dietary factors on the pathogenesis of several disease states. Additional studies are needed to further quantify these associations and elucidate the underlying mechanis... |
### Instruction:
Does premedication with oral dextromethorphan reduce postoperative pain after tonsillectomy?
### Response:
| Recently, it has been suggested that central sensitization caused by the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors may contribute to the postoperative pain. We found that premedication with 45 mg of dextromethorphan, a clinically available N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist, reduced postoperative pain ... |
### Instruction:
Is induction chemotherapy associated with an increase in the incidence of locoregional recurrence in patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity : results from a single institution?
### Response:
| Induction chemotherapy was associated with a significant increase in regional failure for patients with carcinoma of the oral cavity with N0 disease and those with Stage II disease. |
### Instruction:
Does effects of organic anions and bile acid conjugate on biliary excretion of pravastatin in the rat?
### Response:
| These findings further support the multiplicity of canalicular organic anion transport, and pravastatin is considered to be excreted through a canalicular transporter which is absent in EHBR in addition to through cMOAT. |
### Instruction:
Is intramuscular triglyceride content increased in IDDM?
### Response:
| 1) IDDM is associated with increased intramuscular TG content. 2) mTG content does not correlate with insulin sensitivity in healthy subjects or patients with IDDM. |
### Instruction:
Does adenosine inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the failing human heart?
### Response:
| Adenosine can significantly diminish TNF levels in the failing human heart and may represent a new pharmacological intervention in congestive heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Does cytokine analysis of human renal allograft aspiration biopsy cultures supernatants predict acute rejection?
### Response:
| Cytokine analysis in fine-needle aspiration biopsy cultures supernatants is a very useful immunological screening method for kidney transplants. IL-2 synthesis on day 7 post-transplantation reliably predicted the risk of impending acute rejection during the first weeks. The cytokine pattern suggests that acute rejectio... |
### Instruction:
Is insulin resistance a common denominator of post-transplant diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in renal transplant recipients?
### Response:
| Insulin resistance is a common denominator of post-transplant diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in renal transplant recipients. |
### Instruction:
Is presyncope during progressive hypovolaemia simulated by lower body negative pressure prevented by high-dose naloxone?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that naloxone, in a sufficient dose to interfere with the opioid system, does not influence the circulatory response to simulated hypovolaemia in humans is not influenced by naloxone. Given the mechanistic resemblance of LBNP hypotension to dialysis-induced hypotension, we propose that high-dose nal... |
### Instruction:
Does 9p21 deletion correlate with recurrence in head and neck cancer?
### Response:
| These results suggest another tumor suppressor gene (TSG) may be involved in HNSCC carcinogenesis and may play a role in aggressive disease as manifest by local, regional, or distant recurrence. |
### Instruction:
Does secondary wound closure following fasciotomy for acute compartment syndrome increase intramuscular pressure?
### Response:
| Secondary wound closure or wound adaptation starting on the third day after fasciotomy seems to be a safe method of treatment in normotensive patients if IMP during wound closure is not allowed to exceed thirty millimeters of mercury. |
### Instruction:
Does perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion cause adverse sequelae in patients with cancer : a meta-analysis of unconfounded studies?
### Response:
| Although more studies are required before a definitive statement can be made, at this time there is no evidence that allogeneic blood transfusion increases the risk of clinically important adverse sequelae in patients with cancer undergoing surgery. |
### Instruction:
Are phospholipase A2 isoforms altered in chronic pancreatitis?
### Response:
| Upregulation of PLA2 types II and IV in areas with more histologic damage suggests that these PLA2 isoforms might contribute to the morphologic changes that occur in chronic pancreatitis. |
### Instruction:
Does reduction of peritoneal trauma by using nonsurgical gauze lead to less implantation metastasis of spilled tumor cells?
### Response:
| Surgical trauma is an important factor in the promotion of local recurrence. The enhancing effect of trauma is not restricted to the inflicted site but rather has a generalized character. Avoidance of unnecessary surgical trauma by using gentle techniques and materials is therefore indicated. |
### Instruction:
Are albumin synthesis rates decreased in hypoalbuminemic cachectic cancer patients with an ongoing acute-phase protein response?
### Response:
| In weight-losing pancreatic cancer patients with evidence of an ongoing APPR, hypoalbuminemia is not caused by a decreased rate of albumin synthesis. |
### Instruction:
Does treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency mice with anti-murine granulocyte monoclonal antibody improve human leukocyte xenotransplantation?
### Response:
| These results provide new insights into the control of the natural immune response of SCID mice against human graft. Furthermore, treatments aimed at controlling the acute inflammatory reaction of SCID mouse-to-human cell transplantation can be considered useful experimental approaches for increasing the xenograft-to-x... |
### Instruction:
Does segmental bioelectrical impedance analysis improve the prediction for extracellular water volume changes during abdominal surgery?
### Response:
| The difference in the prediction of deltaECW between whole body and segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis may be explained by the significant decrease in the resistance of the trunk, which contributed only minimally to the whole body resistance. Segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analy... |
### Instruction:
Are immunoglobulin E and eosinophil counts increased after sepsis in trauma patients?
### Response:
| Increased IgE concentrations and eosinophil counts were found after sepsis and do not appear to be related to the initial injury. Since IgE and eosinophil production are enhanced by interleukin-4 and interleukin-5, respectively, these findings suggest that T-helper lymphocyte type 2 cytokines are activated in response ... |
### Instruction:
Do neuroendocrine stress hormones recreate the postoperative hypercoagulable state?
### Response:
| Infusion of five stress hormones (epinephrine, cortisol, glucagon, vasopressin, and angiotensin II) to normal volunteers does not cause increases in procoagulant proteins and platelet reactivity or decreases in fibrinolytic proteins. Alternatively, these five hormones caused increased levels of fibrinolytic proteins (t... |
### Instruction:
Does propofol sedation produce dose-dependent suppression of lidocaine-induced seizures in rats?
### Response:
| The i.v. anesthetic drug propofol, given to rats to produce sedation, was found to suppress seizure activity caused by overdosage of the local anesthetic lidocaine. |
### Instruction:
Is thrombopoietin level in young patients related to megakaryocyte frequency and platelet count?
### Response:
| From this study, three conclusions can be made: 1) TPO levels are inversely related to megakaryocyte frequency; 2) platelet counts have a modest influence on TPO level; and 3) TPO levels may have clinical utility in diagnosis and management and further our understanding of the pathobiology of the disorders that cause t... |
### Instruction:
Is initiation and perpetuation of rat adjuvant arthritis inhibited by the anti-CD2 monoclonal antibody ( mAb ) OX34?
### Response:
| Anti-CD2 mAb treatment prevents AA induction confirming the role of CD4+ T cells in the induction phase of AA. In addition, early OX34 plus dexamethasone treatment resulted in pronounced clinical improvement and joint protection. OX34 treatment therefore inhibits the initiation and the perpetuation of rat AA. |
### Instruction:
Is apoptosis in the murine rd1 retinal degeneration predominantly p53-independent?
### Response:
| Photoreceptor cell apoptosis in the rd1 mouse model occurs by a predominantly p53-independent molecular pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does increased workload enhance force output during pedaling exercise in persons with poststroke hemiplegia?
### Response:
| This study provides evidence that persons with hemiplegia increase force output by their plegic limb when pedaling against higher workloads without exacerbation of impaired motor control. Therefore, exertional pedaling exercise is a beneficial intervention for achieving gains in muscular force output without worsening ... |
### Instruction:
Does gastric pacing improve emptying and symptoms in patients with gastroparesis?
### Response:
| Gastric pacing seems to be able to improve symptoms of gastroparesis and to accelerate gastric emptying in patients with gastroparesis. More controlled studies are necessary to further investigate the role of gastric pacing in clinical practice. |
### Instruction:
Does the natriuretic effect of nifedipine gastrointestinal therapeutic system remain despite the presence of mild-to-moderate renal failure?
### Response:
| The natriuretic capacity of nifedipine GITS remains despite the presence of mild-to-moderate chronic renal failure. Such an effect takes place in the absence of changes in renal hemodynamics, suggesting that it is caused by a direct tubular effect. |
### Instruction:
Are the intracellular distribution patterns of myosin and actin different among human neutrophils and monocytes during locomotion?
### Response:
| Findings indicate that differing patterns of arrangement of myosin and actin in the lamellipodia and cytoplasm of neutrophils and monocytes may contribute to their movement, in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Is endothelin-A receptor antagonist-mediated vasodilatation attenuated by inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis and by endothelin-B receptor blockade?
### Response:
| Selective ET(A) receptor antagonism causes vasodilatation of human forearm resistance vessels in vivo. This response appears to result in major part from an increase in nitric oxide generation. ET(B) receptor antagonism either alone or on a background of ET(A) antagonism causes local vasoconstriction, indicating that E... |
### Instruction:
Are coronary artery responses to physiological stimuli improved by deferoxamine but not by L-arginine in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with angiographically normal coronary arteries and no other risk factors?
### Response:
| This study shows that (1) responses of angiographically normal CAs to CPT and to flow increase are impaired in diabetic patients; (2) abnormal responses are not improved by L-arginine, suggesting that a deficit in substrate for nitric oxide synthesis is not involved; and (3) deferoxamine restores a vasodilator response... |
### Instruction:
Does lipoprotein ( a ) enhance the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Lp(a) could contribute to the development of cardiovascular diseases by enhancing the expression of ICAM-1 in endothelial cells. |
### Instruction:
Are kidneys derived from mice transgenic for human complement blockers protected in an in vivo model of hyperacute rejection?
### Response:
| A novel model of in vivo perfusion with human plasma has been adopted to recreate the initial event of HAR. Our data show that this murine model could be very valuable to determine the effect of transgenic human molecules in protecting vascularized organs from human complement attack. |
### Instruction:
Does extending ventilator circuit change interval beyond 2 days reduce the likelihood of ventilator-associated pneumonia?
### Response:
| Circuit change intervals of 7 and 30 days have lower risks for VAP than the 2-day intervals, yielding substantial reductions in morbidity as well labor and supply costs. |
### Instruction:
Does left ventricular volume predict postoperative course in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the preoperative LVESVI predicts the development of postoperative congestive heart failure and the actuarial survival rate in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy. |
### Instruction:
Does preoperative thromboxane A2/prostaglandin H2 receptor activity predict early graft thrombosis?
### Response:
| Elevated platelet TXA2/PGH2 receptor levels and enhanced sensitivity of platelet aggregation to TXA2 predict early arterial graft thrombosis. Specific TXA2/PGH2 receptor antagonism may prevent one of the mechanisms that contributes to early graft occlusion. |
### Instruction:
Is endoscopic sphincterotomy for stones by experts safe , even in younger patients with normal ducts?
### Response:
| Sphincterotomy for stones can be performed very safely by experienced endoscopists. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Gemfibrozil reduce elevated lipoprotein ( a ) levels in hypercholesterolemic patients ]?
### Response:
| Besides reducing plasma LDL-C, TG and increasing HDL-C, gemfibrozil effectively lowers Lp(a) levels. Lovastatin did not affect Lp(a) levels. |
### Instruction:
Does pravastatin have cholesterol-lowering independent effects on the artery wall of atherosclerotic monkeys?
### Response:
| We conclude that compared with control monkeys, the arteries of pravastatin-treated monkeys had better dilator function and plaque characteristics more consistent with plaque stability than those of monkeys not receiving pravastatin. These beneficial arterial effects of pravastatin occurred independently of plasma lipo... |
### Instruction:
Does combination therapy with GH and cyproterone acetate improve final height in boys with non-GH-deficient short stature?
### Response:
| GH therapy during the prepubertal period did not improve the final height of boys with non-GH-deficient short stature. GH therapy without GS decreased pubertal height gain, resulting in reduced final height. Combination therapy with GH and GS using cyproterone acetate decelerated the bone maturation during puberty whic... |
### Instruction:
Is gonadal status an important determinant of bone density in acromegaly?
### Response:
| Eugonadal acromegalic patients have increased lumbar spine and femoral neck BMD compared to hypogonodal acromegalic patients and the general population, but it is reduced if patients have been hypogonadal. |
### Instruction:
Is 0.125 % ropivacaine similar to 0.125 % bupivacaine for labor analgesia using patient-controlled epidural infusion?
### Response:
| This study compared labor analgesia from 0.125% ropivacaine and 0.125% bupivacaine using patient-controlled epidural analgesia. We found no significant differences in local anesthetic use, analgesic characteristics, or side effects between 0.125% ropivacaine and 0.125% bupivacaine. We conclude that these two drugs are ... |
### Instruction:
Do central and mixed venous blood oxygen correlate well during acute normovolemic hemodilution in anesthetized pigs?
### Response:
| The findings indicate that also during hemodilution monitoring of central venous blood oxygen may be as useful as monitoring of mixed venous blood oxygen. |
### Instruction:
Does prolonged thrombin inhibition reduce restenosis after balloon angioplasty in porcine coronary arteries?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that there is a continued, marked thrombin generation that lasts for at least 2 weeks after PTCA. Administration of r-hirudin for 2 weeks significantly reduces neointima formation after PTCA. This observation, if extrapolated to humans, could explain the lack of effect on restenosis observed in the... |
### Instruction:
Is susceptibility to diabetic neuropathy in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus associated with a polymorphism at the 5 ' end of the aldose reductase gene?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the aldose reductase gene is intimately involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy. |
### Instruction:
Does hypertonic saline and dextran in normovolaemic and hypovolaemic healthy volunteers increase interstitial and intravascular fluid volumes?
### Response:
| HSD infusion resulted in increased calculated blood volume with increased HR, MAP, and CVP. These effects were greater in a hypovolaemic situation. The haemodilution was most likely caused by fluid shifts from the intracellular compartment to the interstitial and vascular fluid spaces, eventually increasing diuresis. |
### Instruction:
Does echocardiography allow safer venous cannulation during excision of large right atrial masses?
### Response:
| We propose the routine use of both intraoperative transesophageal and epicardial echocardiography in guiding venous cannulation for safe excision of large right atrial masses. |
### Instruction:
Is expression of a marker for colonic crypt base cells correlated with poor prognosis in human colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| A mucin associated maturation epitope was identified in colonic crypt base cells, the expression of which in Dukes' stage B3 colorectal carcinoma may be associated with poor prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Does the antral follicle count predict the outcome of pregnancy in a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation/intrauterine insemination program?
### Response:
| Age-related changes in antral follicle count significantly predicted the dominant follicle count and the pregnancy outcome. In women with antral follicle counts of less than five or who are older than 35 years, the application of COH/IUI may not be indicated. |
### Instruction:
Is corpus callosum atrophy a possible indicator of region- and cell type-specific neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer disease : a magnetic resonance imaging analysis?
### Response:
| Callosal atrophy in patients with Alzheimer disease with only minimal white matter changes may indicate loss of callosal efferent neurons in corresponding regions of the cortex. Because these neurons are a subset of corticocortical projecting neurons, region-specific callosal atrophy may serve as a marker of progressiv... |
### Instruction:
Are anti-CagA antibodies associated with atrophic gastritis in a population at high gastric cancer risk : a morphometric study by computerized image analysis?
### Response:
| The association of anti-CagA antibodies with a high grade of gastric atrophy further supports the hypothesis that Helicobacter pylori CagA-positive strains can promote the multifactorial process of gastric carcinogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does aprotinin reduce injury of the spinal cord in transient ischemia?
### Response:
| The results suggest that aprotinin reduces spinal cord injury and preserves neurologic function in transient spinal cord ischemia in rabbits. |
### Instruction:
Does a diet rich in walnuts favourably influence plasma fatty acid profile in moderately hyperlipidaemic subjects?
### Response:
| Despite an unintended increase in the total fat intake on the walnut diet, fatty acid profile of the major lipid fractions showed changes which might be expected to reduce risk of cardiovascular disease. The reduction of apolipoprotein B suggests a reduction in lipoprotein mediated risk, the relatively low myristic aci... |
### Instruction:
Do halothane and isoflurane attenuate the relaxant response to nonadrenergic and noncholinergic nerve stimulation of isolated canine cerebral arteries?
### Response:
| Nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerves play a role in the regulation of vascular tone in cerebral arteries via the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway. This study showed that, in isolated canine cerebral arteries, halothane and isoflurane inhibit the relaxation caused by nonadrenergic noncholinergic nerve stimulation, but their sit... |
### Instruction:
Does alkalinization of lidocaine hasten the onset of axillary brachial plexus block?
### Response:
| We examined whether alkalinizing a local anesthetic would quicken the onset of a regional upper limb nerve blockade. We found that alkalinization of lidocaine did not offer a significant clinical advantage in axillary brachial plexus blockade. |
### Instruction:
Does [ `` Doctor , the child eat '' : a motive for consultation ]?
### Response:
| The fact that one of every 12 consultations was because a child had lost his/her appetite had two main interpretations: it is a common occurrence which worries parents quite a lot; and many parents lack information about feeding their children, as to quantity and the ways of administering the food. |
### Instruction:
Does effect of different full-limb cast on in vitro bone strain in the distal portion of the equine forelimb?
### Response:
| Compared with the standard full limb cast, the full-limb transfixation pin cast is more protective of the first phalanx. |
### Instruction:
Does pretreatment of donor stimulator cells by 16,16 dimethyl prostaglandin E2 influence the recipient immune response?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate the effect of immunomodulation of allogeneic stimulator spleen cells on subsequent responder T-lymphocyte function and allograft survival. |
### Instruction:
Does regional hypothermia reduce myocardial necrosis even when instituted after the onset of ischemia?
### Response:
| These results support our hypothesis that reducing myocardial temperature reduces infarct size. However, it is important the reduction in temperature be produced as early as possible following coronary artery occlusion. |
### Instruction:
Does sperm head agglutination induced by V3 peptide occur through a CD4 receptor?
### Response:
| The anti-CD4 antibody can block the binding of gp120 and CD4 positive T cells in a low concentration, but it did not block V3 peptide-induced sperm head agglutination. Therefore, V3 peptide-induced sperm head agglutination may not occur through a CD4 receptor. |
### Instruction:
Does opioid-receptor blockade blunt growth hormone ( GH ) secretion induced by GH-releasing hormone in the human male?
### Response:
| Naloxone is able to decrease the effect of a maximal dose of GHRH, thus suggesting the existence of an opioid stimulatory tone on GH secretion. |
### Instruction:
Is functional binding between Gbeta and the LIM domain of Ste5 required to activate the MEKK Ste11?
### Response:
| Pheromone induces binding of Gbeta to Ste5 through its LIM domain. This binding is essential for activation of Ste11 and is distinct from the ability of Ste5 to oligomerize or to serve as a scaffold and relay the signal from Ste11 to the MAP kinases. Pheromone also induces Ste5-dependent phosphorylation of Gbeta. |
### Instruction:
Is heart rate variability related to leucocyte count in men and to blood lipoproteins in women in a healthy population of 35-year-old subjects?
### Response:
| There are correlations between HRV and known risk factors for cardiovascular disease already in a healthy 35-year-old population. A novel observation is the relationship in men between leucocyte count and heart rate variability. |
### Instruction:
Is spontaneous recovery of bacterial vaginosis during pregnancy associated with an improved perinatal outcome?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis at any point during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of perinatal complications in spite of spontaneous recovery in subsequent examinations. |
### Instruction:
Is extraamniotic saline infusion promising in preparing the cervix for induction of labor?
### Response:
| In this study extraamniotic saline infusion was a more efficacious method for ripening of the cervix than intracervical prostaglandin. The absence of early painful contractions is an advantage, but effective stimulation of labor is required to effect delivery after maturation of the cervix. |
### Instruction:
Are sporadic phaeochromocytomas rarely associated with germline mutations in the von Hippel-Lindau and RET genes?
### Response:
| Most, if not all, patients with typical unilateral sporadic phaeochromocytoma do not have von Hippel-Lindau disease or MEN2. Thus, clinical and/or molecular investigation for von Hippel-Lindau disease and MEN2 in this patient population does not appear to be indicated. |
### Instruction:
Does prophylactic ephedrine attenuate the hemodynamic response to propofol in elderly female patients?
### Response:
| The prophylactic effect of ephedrine to counteract the hypotensive effect of propofol induction of anesthesia was investigated in three groups of elderly female patients given 0.1 or 0.2 mg of ephedrine or placebo before induction. Both ephedrine doses markedly attenuated, but neither of them abolished, the decrease in... |
### Instruction:
Does gastric mucosal oxygen delivery decrease during cardiopulmonary bypass despite constant systemic oxygen delivery?
### Response:
| In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that gastric mucosal red blood cell flux assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry could be improved by maintaining baseline systemic flow and oxygen delivery during hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Despite this strategy, gastric mucosal red blood cell flux decreased by 50% d... |
### Instruction:
Does familial autoimmunity in pedigrees of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy patients suggest common genetic risk factors for many autoimmune diseases?
### Response:
| Autoimmune diseases are significantly increased in frequency in first-degree relatives of IIM patients, affect more women than men, increase with age, and are distributed in a pattern similar to that in the general population. Many autoimmune disorders share genes that together act as polygenic risk factors for autoimm... |
### Instruction:
Do standardized hemodialysis prescriptions promote inadequate treatment in patients with large body mass?
### Response:
| Standardized hemodialysis prescriptions result in inadequate hemodialysis in many patients who weigh more than 68.2 kg. |
### Instruction:
Does arterial ketone body ratio correlate with ischemic changes during major hepatectomy?
### Response:
| The AKBR does not correlate with ischemic changes or postoperative complications after major hepatectomy. |
### Instruction:
Does shear stress induce transforming growth factor-beta 1 release by arterial endothelial cells?
### Response:
| On the basis of the results of our study, we conclude that increasing shear stress induces release of TGF-beta 1 by arterial endothelial cells in a concentration that has a clear inhibitory effect on smooth muscle cell proliferation. This phenomenon could explain the inhibitory effect of increasing shear stress on the ... |
### Instruction:
Do serum proteins facilitate neutrophil induction of endothelial leukocyte adhesion molecule 1?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that serum proteins may potentiate the volume or potency of neutrophil-derived diffusable mediators of ELAM-1 expression. These effects are eliminated with the heat inactivation of serum proteins, implicating a heat sensitive mediator such as the complement cascade. |
### Instruction:
Does candesartan cilexetil reduce chronic renal allograft injury in Fisher -- > Lewis rats?
### Response:
| These data indicate that the development of renal injury in F344-->LEW renal allografts can be prevented by the pharmacological blockade of angiotensin II receptors using candesartan cilexetil. This suggests that angiotensin-dependent processes contribute significantly to chronic injury in this model of late renal allo... |
### Instruction:
Is previous fertilization failure with conventional in vitro fertilization associated with poor outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection?
### Response:
| The outcome of ICSI varied depending on the indication for treatment. Patients who had a history of failed or poor fertilization in vitro with apparently normal semen parameters had significantly lower pregnancy and implantation rates than did patients with either obstructive azoospermia or impaired semen quality. |
### Instruction:
Does protein kinase C inhibition improve ventricular function after thermal trauma?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that PKC may serve as a final common pathway in signal transduction events mediating postburn cardiac dysfunction. |
### Instruction:
Is expression of activin A increased in cirrhotic and fibrotic rat livers?
### Response:
| Activin A is overexpressed in rat cirrhotic and fibrotic livers and may contribute to hepatic fibrogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does protein kinase C alpha modulate growth and differentiation in Caco-2 cells?
### Response:
| PKC-alpha, but not other isoforms of PKC, may modulate the proliferation and differentiation of Caco-2 cells. This regulation appears to be mediated, at least in part, via a mechanism involving p21waf1. |
### Instruction:
Does poly ( ADP-ribose ) synthetase activation mediate increased permeability induced by peroxynitrite in Caco-2BBe cells?
### Response:
| Peroxynitrite but not NO increases transepithelial permeability by inducing DNA strand breaks that activate the PARS pathway and cause the depletion of intracellular energy stores. Inhibition of PARS activity may represent a novel strategy in ameliorating peroxynitrite-mediated epithelial injury during intestinal infla... |
### Instruction:
Are vasodilatory effects of B-type natriuretic peptide impaired in patients with chronic heart failure?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the metabolism and action of these natriuretic peptides in CHF may differ from the healthy state. |
### Instruction:
Does macrosomia predict overweight in late adolescence in infants of diabetic mothers?
### Response:
| The risk of adolescent overweight was significantly increased among macrosomic infants, although this trend did not reach statistical significance in the smaller group of infants born to diabetic mothers. Macrosomia among infants of diabetic mothers had little predictive value for overweight in late adolescence. |
### Instruction:
Does an increased number of replaced embryos counteract the adverse effect of hydrosalpinges on IVF/ET outcome?
### Response:
| An increased number of replaced embryos counteracts the adverse effect of hydrosalpinges on IVF/ ET outcome. |
### Instruction:
Does a one-hour active coping stressor reduce small bowel transit time in healthy young adults?
### Response:
| A prolonged active coping stressor with minimal motor requirements produced a decrease in small bowel transit time comparable with that observed in several studies of the effects of physical exercise and in comparisons between normal controls and patients with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Does systemic administration of the potassium channel activator cromakalim attenuate cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage?
### Response:
| These results support the concept that targeting vascular K+ channels can be of benefit in preventing the development of cerebral vasospasm. The findings also indicate that cromakalim represents a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of cerebrovascular pathophysiology after SAH. |
### Instruction:
Is a preoperative biliary stent associated with increased complications after pancreatoduodenectomy?
### Response:
| A preoperative biliary stent was associated with an increased risk of wound or intra-abdominal complications; a stent may prolong the length of hospital stay. However, length of time under anesthesia, amount of blood loss, and transfusion requirements were not altered. A biliary stent should be used with a high degree ... |
### Instruction:
Does dissection of the grass allergen-specific immune response in patients with allergies and control subjects : T-cell proliferation in patients correlate with specific serum IgE and skin reactivity?
### Response:
| Grass allergen-specific T-cell responses are highly cross-reactive, and patients with allergies exhibit higher responses than nonallergic donors, suggesting that T cells are involved in the allergic reaction to grass group 5 allergens. However, group 5-specific T-cell responses are also found in donors without group 5-... |
### Instruction:
Is the small GTP-binding protein Rho1 a multifunctional protein that regulates actin localization , cell polarity , and septum formation in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe?
### Response:
| Rho1 is involved in actin patch localization, the control of cell polarity, the regulation of septation, and cell wall synthesis. |
### Instruction:
Does bacterial contamination of autologous bone marrow : reinfusion of culture-positive grafts result in clinical sequelae during the posttransplantation course?
### Response:
| (1) Collection and/or ex vivo processing can result in microbiological contamination of BM grafts predominantly with bacteria from the skin flora, and (2) only CNSC can be cultured at thawing from previously contaminated/cryopreserved BM. Since patients undergoing ABMT usually receive oral antibiotics from beginning of... |
### Instruction:
Does telomerase activity in rheumatoid synovium correlate with the mononuclear cell infiltration level and disease aggressiveness of rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Telomerase activity in RA synovial tissue is likely derived from infiltrating mononuclear cells and may be involved in the pathogenesis of RA. Clinically, the presence of telomerase activity in RA may be an indicator of a more aggressive phenotype. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin C improve endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus?
### Response:
| Vitamin C selectively restores the impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in the forearm resistance vessels of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. These findings indicate that nitric oxide degradation by oxygen-derived free radicals contributes to abnormal vascular reactivity in humans with insulin-... |
### Instruction:
Are warm and cold sensory thresholds in patients with unilateral sciatica : C fibers more severely affected than A-delta fibers?
### Response:
| Patients with unilateral sciatica and L5 or S1 nerve root involvement had increased warm thresholds suggesting impaired C-fiber function. Cold thresholds were significantly elevated in a subgroup with operatively confirmed disk herniation. Because myelinated axons are affected more by compression than unmyelinated ones... |
### Instruction:
Does prevalence and correlate of harassment among US women physicians?
### Response:
| Women physicians commonly perceive that they have been harassed. Experiences of and sensitivity to harassment differ among individuals, and there may be substantial professional and personal consequences of harassment. Since reported rates of sexual harassment are higher among younger physicians, the situation may not ... |
### Instruction:
Does endorectal coil magnetic resonance imaging identify locally advanced prostate cancer in select patients with clinically localized disease?
### Response:
| The erMRI may significantly improve the identification of established ECE and SVI in select patients with prostate cancer preoperatively. Further study of the erMRI in these select patients is warranted and ongoing. |
### Instruction:
Is prolonged and profound acid inhibition crucial in Helicobacter pylori treatment with a proton pump inhibitor combined with amoxicillin?
### Response:
| The outcome of H. pylori treatment with omeprazole and amoxicillin may depend on several factors, such as age, ethnic origin, and a pronounced acid suppression. However, the only factor of independent importance in this study was prolonged and profound acid inhibition. |
### Instruction:
Is novel nuclear phosphoprotein pp32 highly expressed in intermediate- and high-grade prostate cancer?
### Response:
| These results suggest that pp32 may be diagnostically useful and may contribute mechanistically to prostate tumor development. In comparison to other molecular alterations, increased pp32 expression is one of the most frequent events in primary prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is the renoprotective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in experimental chronic renal failure dependent on enhanced kinin activity?
### Response:
| Increased kinin activity does not appear to play a major role in the renoprotective effect of ACE inhibitors in the remnant kidney model. |
### Instruction:
Is susceptibility to cerebral infarction in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat inherited as a dominant trait?
### Response:
| Outcome to MCA occlusion (MCAO) measured with MRI provides a reproducible and nonterminal quantitative phenotypic marker of stroke susceptibility in the SHRSP. This is the first study to employ MCAO with MRI to quantify stroke susceptibility in F1 hybrid rats and indicates a dominant mode of inheritance for this phenot... |
### Instruction:
Is admission or observation necessary after a negative abdominal computed tomographic scan in patients with suspected blunt abdominal trauma : results of a prospective , multi-institutional trial?
### Response:
| These data indicate that abdominal tenderness is not predictive of an abdominal injury and that patients with a negative CT scan after suspected blunt abdominal trauma do not benefit from hospital admission and prolonged observation. |
### Instruction:
Is elevation of plasma interleukin-6 level involved in postoperative fever following major oral and maxillofacial surgery?
### Response:
| Elevation of plasma IL-6 level is probably involved in postoperative fever following oral and maxillofacial surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does tEMPOL protect against lens DNA strand breaks and cataract in the x-rayed rabbit?
### Response:
| TEMPOL was effective in protecting against lens epithelial DNA damage and cataract formation in x-rayed rabbits. Although a number of mechanisms are possible, the protective effect may be associated with the ability of TEMPOL to protect against radiation-produced peroxides by acting as a superoxide dismutase mimic and ... |
### Instruction:
Do multiple adenoviral serotypes demonstrate host range extension in the New Zealand rabbit ocular model?
### Response:
| This was the first demonstration of host range extension by additional clinical and reference isolates of adenovirus types 1, 2, 5, and 6 in the New Zealand rabbit ocular model. These results suggested that host specificity was less stringent than previously thought. |
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