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### Instruction:
Does closed suction drainage with or without re-transfusion of filtered shed blood offer advantages in primary non-cemented total hip replacement using a direct anterior approach?
### Response:
| The possibility to re-transfuse drained blood was not an argument for using drains and, accepting more thigh swelling, we stop to use drains in simple non-cemented primary THR using the direct anterior approach. |
### Instruction:
Does ideal tibial intramedullary nail insertion point vary with tibial rotation?
### Response:
| The fibula head bisector line can be used to avoid choosing external rotation views and, thus, avoid medial insertion points. The current results may help the surgeon prevent malalignment during intramedullary nailing in proximal tibial fractures. |
### Instruction:
Does pre-induction low dose pethidine decrease incidence of postoperative shivering in laparoscopic gynecological surgeries?
### Response:
| Prophylactic pre-induction, low-dose pethidine does not have major role in preventing postoperative shivering. |
### Instruction:
Is age-related Notch-4 quiescence associated with altered wall remodeling during vein graft adaptation?
### Response:
| During vein graft adaptation to the arterial environment, both Dll-4 and Notch-4 expression are down-regulated in an aged, but not a young, background. Loss of Notch-4 is associated with loss of attenuation of neointima. The delta-Notch signaling pathway may be active during vein graft adaptation. |
### Instruction:
Are inducible atrial tachycardias with multiple circuits in a stepwise approach associated with increased episodes of atrial tachycardias after catheter ablation?
### Response:
| The presence of an atrial substrate allowing for multiple-ATs was associated with increased AT episodes during follow-up. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary flaxseed protect against lung ischemia reperfusion injury via inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation in a murine model?
### Response:
| We conclude that dietary FS is protective against lung IRI in a clinically relevant murine model, and this protective effect may in part be mediated by the inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Does osteoarthritis accelerate and exacerbates Alzheimer 's disease pathology in mice?
### Response:
| This work supports a model by which peripheral inflammation triggers the development of neuroinflammation and subsequently the induction of AD pathology. Better understanding of the link between peripheral localized inflammation, whether in the form of osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis or other conditions, and brain inflammation, may prove critical to our understanding of the pathophysiology of disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is hypertension common among HIV-infected persons , but not associated with HAART?
### Response:
| Hypertension is common among HIV-infected persons and is associated with established risk factors, but not with HAART use. Given the high prevalence of hypertension and its association with duration of HIV infection, other factors such as virally-mediated endothelial changes or immune activation may play a role. Further investigations are needed. |
### Instruction:
Does abaR4 replace AbaR3 in a carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolate belonging to global clone 1 from an Australian hospital?
### Response:
| Substantial diversity was observed among the GC1 isolates. This is the first report of AbaR4 replacing the AbaR3-type island seen in most GC1 isolates, and D36 represents a distinct new GC1 lineage. The AbaRs are members of a large, previously undocumented family of transposons that target comM. |
### Instruction:
Does the role of worksite and home smoking ban in smoking cessation among U.S. employed adult female smokers?
### Response:
| Efforts to promote quitting behaviors among employed female smokers may be facilitated by increasing rates of complete smoking bans at both work and home settings. |
### Instruction:
Does metabolic syndrome detect metabolic risk in African men living in the U.S?
### Response:
| African immigrants have a worse metabolic profile than African Americans but a similar prevalence of MetSyn. Therefore, MetSyn may underpredict metabolic risk in Africans. |
### Instruction:
Are telomere dysfunction-related serological markers associated with type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| Serological N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, telomere length, and the UCP2-886G>A variant are independent risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Serological N-acetyl-glucosaminidase correlates with telomere length but not with the UCP2-886G>A variant. |
### Instruction:
Is shift work at young age associated with elevated long-term cortisol levels and body mass index?
### Response:
| Shift work at a young adult age is associated with elevated long-term cortisol levels and increased BMI. Elevated cortisol levels and BMI may contribute to the increased cardiovascular risk found in shift workers. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelin-1 stimulate proliferation of first-trimester trophoblasts via the A- and B-type receptor and invasion via the B-type receptor?
### Response:
| The effect of ET-1 on cell proliferation in first-trimester trophoblasts is mediated by both ETR, whereas its effect on invasion is mediated predominantly by ETR-B. These effects are in line with the receptor subtype location. |
### Instruction:
Is basal cell carcinoma on the ear more likely to be of an aggressive phenotype in both men and women?
### Response:
| The data were retrieved from a single year at our institution, and there could potentially be regional bias given that the population of data is from a single institution. Many of the specimens we evaluate are reviewed in consultation and may thus represent a selection bias. |
### Instruction:
Does comparative genomics of thiol oxidoreductases reveal widespread and essential functions of thiol-based redox control of cellular processes?
### Response:
| These data provide information about organization and properties of thiol-based redox control, whose use is increased with the increase in complexity of organisms. Our data also show an essential combined function of a set of thiol oxidoreductases, and of thiol-based redox regulation in general, in all living organisms. |
### Instruction:
Does predictors of adherence to a multifaceted podiatry intervention for the prevention of fall in older people?
### Response:
| Adherence to a multifaceted podiatry intervention in this trial ranged from 54 to 72%. People with better physical health, less fear of falling and a younger age exhibited greater adherence, suggesting that strategies need to be developed to enhance adherence in frailer older people who are most at risk of falling. |
### Instruction:
Does a whole blood monokine-based reporter assay provide a sensitive and robust measurement of the antigen-specific T cell response?
### Response:
| A monokine-based reporter assay provides a sensitive measure of antigen-specific T cell activation. Assays can be performed on small volumes of whole blood and remain accurate despite delays in processing. This assay may be a useful tool for studying T cell responses, particularly when samples are limited in quantity or when storage or transportation are required before processing. |
### Instruction:
Does intra-acinar trypsinogen activation mediate early stages of pancreatic injury but not inflammation in mice with acute pancreatitis?
### Response:
| T7 is activated during pathogenesis of AP in mice. Intra-acinar trypsinogen activation leads to acinar death during early stages of pancreatitis, which accounts for 50% of the pancreatic damage in AP. However, progression of local and systemic inflammation in AP does not require trypsinogen activation. NF-κB is activated early in acinar cells, independently of trypsinogen activation, and might be responsible for progression of AP. |
### Instruction:
Do luminal CD4⁺ T cells penetrate gut epithelial monolayers and egress from lamina propria to blood circulation?
### Response:
| CD4(+) T cells not only penetrate from the luminal side of the intestine to the LP but also actively egress from the LP into the circulation. We developed a rectal administration system that might be used to further investigate cell trafficking in intestinal mucosa and to develop enema-based therapeutics for intestinal diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does a clinical decision support need assessment of community-based physicians?
### Response:
| Physicians identified different aspects of decision-making in need of support: clinical decision-making such as medication administration and treatment, and cognitive decision-making that enhances relationships and interactions with patients and staff. |
### Instruction:
Does small prosthesis size in aortic valve replacement affect mortality?
### Response:
| Small aortic valve prosthesis size does not independently increase operative mortality following primary AVR. Increased morbidity and mortality among patients undergoing the implantation of small AV prostheses is related to the confounding effects of preoperative and operative risk factors. Annular enlargement may not always reduce mortality. |
### Instruction:
Are preventive scleral buckling and silicone oil tamponade important for posttraumatic endophthalmitis successfully managed with vitrectomy?
### Response:
| Preventive scleral buckling and silicone oil tamponade are important for patients with good initial VA (VA>LP) to be successfully managed by PPV. |
### Instruction:
Does hypoxemia correlate with attentional dysfunction in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?
### Response:
| Attention is the predominant cognitive function affected in patients with obstructive sleep apnea and correlates primarily with nocturnal hypoxemia rather than daytime sleepiness or sleep fragmentation. Executive functions, while below average in some patients, do not correlate with polysomnographic parameters. |
### Instruction:
Is wilms ' tumor protein 1 ( WT1 ) peptide vaccination in AML patients : predominant TCR CDR3β sequence associated with remission in one patient detectable in other vaccinated patients?
### Response:
| We provide the first data addressing TCR Vβ chain usage in WT1-specific T-cell populations after HLA A*0201-restricted single peptide vaccination. We demonstrate both shared Vβ restriction and the sharing of a TCR β transcript with proven clinical impact in one patient. |
### Instruction:
Does gastrokine 1 function as a tumor suppressor by inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in gastric cancers?
### Response:
| These data suggest that the GKN1 gene may play an important role in the progression of sporadic gastric cancers via inhibition of EMT and cancer cell migration. |
### Instruction:
Is thymosin beta 4 associated with collateral development in coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that serum Tβ4 levels are significantly associated with the collateral development in severe CAD. |
### Instruction:
Is tumor focality associated with biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy?
### Response:
| Tumor focality is not an independent prognostic factor of biochemical outcome in radical prostatectomy patients. |
### Instruction:
Is increased expression of putative cancer stem cell markers in primary prostate cancer associated with progression of bone metastases?
### Response:
| It can be concluded that percentage of stem cell-like prostate cancer cells has a prognostic impact especially on the risk of metastatic bone progression. |
### Instruction:
Is epidermal growth factor-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression negatively regulated by p38 MAPK in human skin fibroblasts?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that EGF-induced MMP-1 expression is differentially regulated by the JNK, p38 MAPK, and PI3K/Akt pathways, and suggest that p38 MAPK negatively regulates EGF-induced MMP-1 expression by suppressing the activations of ERK and JNK. |
### Instruction:
Does human catestatin enhance migration and proliferation of normal human epidermal keratinocytes?
### Response:
| Besides inhibiting the growth of skin pathogens, catestatin peptides may also contribute to cutaneous wound closure by enhancing keratinocyte migration and proliferation at the wound site. |
### Instruction:
Does analysis of efficacy and side effects in CATIE demonstrate drug response subgroups and potential for personalized medicine?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate the existence of subgroups of patients characterized by distinct patterns of drug response. Further, findings suggest that patients who experience a poor response to one drug may be an optimal responder to another antipsychotic. Taken together these findings demonstrate the potential to personalize schizophrenia treatment and highlight the importance of identifying better predictors of drug response. |
### Instruction:
Does leaf extract of Rhus verniciflua Stokes protect dopaminergic neuronal cells in a rotenone model of Parkinson 's disease?
### Response:
| These findings demonstrate that RVS protects SH-SY5Y cells against rotenone-induced injury and suggest that RVS may have potential therapeutic value for neurodegenerative disease associated with oxidative stress. |
### Instruction:
Do use of parenteral colistin for the treatment of multiresistant Gram-negative organisms in major burn patients in South Korea?
### Response:
| Colistin appears to be a relatively safe and effective treatment for major burn patients with infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria when no other drug is available. Additionally, we found no statistically significant impairment of creatinine levels. |
### Instruction:
Does high tumour cannabinoid CB1 receptor immunoreactivity negatively impact disease-specific survival in stage II microsatellite stable colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| The level of CB(1) receptor expression in colorectal cancer is associated with the tumour grade in a manner dependent upon the degree of CpG hypermethylation. A high CB(1)IR is indicative of a poorer prognosis in stage II microsatellite stable tumour patients. |
### Instruction:
Do outcomes of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy and internal limiting membrane peeling with brilliant blue in macular hole?
### Response:
| PPV and ILM peeling in stage 2, 3, and 4 macular hole cases provide successful anatomic outcomes, however, in delayed cases, due to photoreceptor loss, it has no effect on functional recovery. BB, used for clarity of ILM, may be beneficial due to its low retinal toxicity. |
### Instruction:
Do reproducibility of retinal circulation measurements obtained using laser speckle flowgraphy-NAVI in patients with glaucoma?
### Response:
| LSFG-NAVI showed favorable reproducibility in evaluation of retinal circulation of glaucoma patients, particularly in the optic disk and choroid. |
### Instruction:
Do previous head and neck cancers portend poor prognoses in lung cancer patients?
### Response:
| Of patients who survive LC or HNC, the latter are much more likely to develop a new pulmonary malignancy. Lung cancers that develop after HNC have a poor prognosis. This phenomenon is not explained by misclassified metastases, because histologically discordant cases behave just as poorly. Enhanced surveillance and chemoprevention strategies are needed to detect and prevent subsequent primary LC in survivors of HNC. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous injection of endogenous microbial components abrogate DSS-induced colitis?
### Response:
| Pretreatment with high amount of endogenous bacterial components has a profound tolerogenic effect on the systemic and mucosal immune responses resulting in reduced intestinal inflammation and abrogates colitis-induced weight loss. |
### Instruction:
Does fCRL3 -169C/C genotype is associate with anti-citrullinated protein antibody-positive rheumatoid arthritis and with radiographic progression?
### Response:
| The promoter polymorphism of FCRL3 was associated with autoantibody-positive RA. Despite the low number of patients, the C/C genotype of the FCRL3 polymorphism consistently and independently predicted radiographic progression. These findings suggest that FCRL3 is involved in both disease susceptibility and progression. |
### Instruction:
Is undertreatment of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with endstage renal failure associated with increased all-cause mortality?
### Response:
| Active disease in patients with SLE undergoing renal replacement therapy may be underrecognized and undertreated, leading to increased mortality. |
### Instruction:
Does endorectal balloon reduce anorectal doses in post-prostatectomy intensity-modulated radiotherapy?
### Response:
| ERB application significantly reduces Awall and to a lesser degree Rwall doses in high-dose post-prostatectomy IMRT. |
### Instruction:
Do variants in the netrin-1 receptor UNC5C prevent apoptosis and increase risk of familial colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| Inherited mutations in UNC5C prevent apoptosis and increase risk of CRC. |
### Instruction:
Is enthesis erosion in spondyloarthritis a persistent structural lesion?
### Response:
| US examination of Achilles erosions is reliable and sensitive to change. An association was found between Achilles erosions and objective activity-based measurements of SpA outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Are cognitive impairments caused by oxaliplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy ameliorated by physical activity?
### Response:
| The combination 5FU/OX had a significant impact on cognition. However, rats treated with 5FU/OX that exercised post chemotherapy had improved cognition relative to non-exercising rats. This suggests that physical activity may prove useful in ameliorating the cognitive impairments induced by 5FU/OX. |
### Instruction:
Does resilience in infertile couples act as a protective factor against infertility-specific distress and impaired quality of life?
### Response:
| For infertile couples, resilience can be considered as an unspecific protective factor against infertility-specific distress and impaired quality of life. When offering counselling to involuntarily childless couples, awareness should be raised for resilience as a couple's resource and a "generic" factor of coping. |
### Instruction:
Do program director perceived factors for an enhanced advanced education program in prosthodontics recall system?
### Response:
| Prosthodontic program directors perceived their program's recall system could be improved. If solutions to the most common hindrances were found, almost all program directors desired to establish a recall system within their AEPP. Therefore, a pilot recall system could be valuable in identifying these solutions in establishing an effective recall system for prosthodontic programs within the context of patient health promotion, program curriculum, and financial ramifications. |
### Instruction:
Is ki-67 labeling index associated with recurrence after segmentectomy under video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in stage I non-small cell lung cancer?
### Response:
| Ki-67 LI after VATS segmentectomy was a prognostic factor of disease-free survival in NSCLC and the treatment of choice for patients with positive LI may be considered, in addition to adjuvant chemotherapy, or lobectomy. |
### Instruction:
Is tools for translational neuroscience : PTSD associated with heightened fear responses using acoustic startle but not skin conductance measures?
### Response:
| Replicating earlier studies, we showed increased FPS in PTSD participants. However, although SCR was a good measure of differential conditioning, it did not differentiate between PTSD groups. These data suggest that FPS may be a useful tool for translational research. |
### Instruction:
Is continuing smoking between adolescence and young adulthood associated with higher arterial stiffness in young adults : the Northern Ireland Young Hearts Project?
### Response:
| Starting to smoke in adolescence and continuing to do so up to young adulthood is adversely associated with aortic stiffness. The continuing smoking-related aortic stiffness was not explained by concomitant higher inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. Prevention of smoking should target the young to prevent arterial stiffness in young adults. |
### Instruction:
Does atorvastatin reduce sympathetic activity in patients with chronic kidney disease?
### Response:
| Atorvastatin has a further sympatholytic effect in CKD patients, who are on chronic aliskiren, which is independent of blood pressure and heart rate. |
### Instruction:
Is the mRNA of claudins expressed in the endolymphatic sac epithelia?
### Response:
| We demonstrated mRNA expression of multiple claudins in the rat ES epithelia. These results in the ES epithelia were consistent with a role of claudins in paracellular ion transport. |
### Instruction:
Does the orphan receptor TR3 suppress intestinal tumorigenesis in mice by downregulating Wnt signalling?
### Response:
| TR3 is a negative regulator of Wnt signalling and thus significantly suppresses intestinal tumorigenesis in Apc(min/+) mice. This inhibitory effect of TR3 may be paradoxically overcome through phosphorylation by GSK3β in clinical colorectal cancers. |
### Instruction:
Do glucose-raising genetic variants in MADD and ADCY5 impair conversion of proinsulin to insulin?
### Response:
| By examining parameters of glucose-stimulated proinsulin-to-insulin conversion during an OGTT, we show that the SNP in ADCY5 is implicated in defective proinsulin-to-insulin conversion. In addition, we confirmed previous findings on the role of a genetic variant in MADD on proinsulin-to-insulin conversion. These effects may also be related to neighboring regions of the genome. |
### Instruction:
Is the OMERACT Psoriatic Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score ( PsAMRIS ) reliable and sensitive to change : results from an OMERACT workshop?
### Response:
| This multireader exercise, performed under standardized conditions, confirmed PsAMRIS to have high interobserver and intraobserver reliability for hand PsA. Measures of inflammation were sensitive to change, implying that PsAMRIS may be a valuable tool for monitoring change in inflammation during PsA clinical trials. |
### Instruction:
Is atrial-selective inhibition of sodium-channel current by Wenxin Keli effective in suppressing atrial fibrillation?
### Response:
| Wenxin Keli produces atrial-selective depression of I(Na)-dependent parameters in canine isolated coronary-perfused preparations via a unique mechanism and is effective in suppressing AF and preventing its induction, with minimal effects on the ventricular electrophysiology. |
### Instruction:
Does urinary placental growth factor differentiate the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy?
### Response:
| Urinary placental growth factor is a simple non-invasive test, which is discriminatory for pre-eclampsia in the third trimester of pregnancy. Results from this study indicate that it may be discriminatory for hypertension related to placental dysfunction (pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension) when compared with hypertension unrelated to placental function. Further work is required to assess the ability to detect hypertensive diseases before they are clinically apparent. |
### Instruction:
Does spasmolytic activity of Rosmarinus officinalis L. involve calcium channels in the guinea pig ileum?
### Response:
| The present results reinforce the use of Rosmarinus officinalis as antispasmodic in folk medicine. Moreover, it is demonstrated the involvement of calcium channels in this activity, but not the participation of nicotinic receptors, prostaglandins or nitric oxide. |
### Instruction:
Are genes linked to energy metabolism and immunoregulatory mechanisms associated with subcutaneous adipose tissue distribution in HIV-infected men?
### Response:
| Our results are limited by the small sample size and replication is needed; however, this genomic scan uncovered new genes associated with metabolism and inflammatory pathways that may affect SAT volume in ARV-treated HIV-infected patients. |
### Instruction:
Does miR-138 suppress expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α ( HIF-1α ) in clear cell renal cell carcinoma 786-O cells?
### Response:
| miR-138 could inhibit the expression of HIF-1a and regulate the apoptosis and migration of ccRCC cells. |
### Instruction:
Does ultrasound operators ' confidence influence diagnosis of ovarian tumors - a study in China?
### Response:
| Our study showed that level of confidence is positively associated with diagnostic performance, and the accuracy is greatly influenced by working experience and confidence score. |
### Instruction:
Does primary stability and strain distribution of cementless hip stem as a function of implant design?
### Response:
| The new short stem prosthesis displayed reduced stress shielding and comparable primary stability to an established short stem and a conventional shaft design. Shortening the stem did not negatively influence primary stability. The clinical implications of these findings remain to be proven. |
### Instruction:
Does oncogenic KRAS regulate miR-200c and miR-221/222 in a 3D-specific manner in colorectal cancer cells?
### Response:
| Oncogenic KRAS regulates 3D-specific molecules, possibly being associated with colorectal tumor development in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support improve survival of patients with Hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome refractory to medical treatment?
### Response:
| Two-thirds of 51 HCPS patients with a predicted mortality of 100%, who were supported with ECMO, survived and recovered completely. Survival was significantly higher in the second half of the study. Complications associated with both types of femoral cannulation were associated with a trend toward decreased survival, which was not significant. |
### Instruction:
Does atorvastatin inhibit homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress through activation of AMP-activated protein kinase?
### Response:
| Atorvastatin inhibits Hcy-induced ER stress both in vitro and in vivo. The protective effect of atorvastatin against Hcy-induced vascular injury is mediated by AMPK activation. |
### Instruction:
Does estrogen receptor beta influence ischemic tolerance in the aged female rat heart?
### Response:
| Here, for the first time, our data suggest that acute ERβ activation does not impact ischemic tolerance in the adult or aged female Fischer 344 rat myocardium and this likely due to a lack of detectable ERβ. |
### Instruction:
Is yKL-40 protein a marker of asthma?
### Response:
| YKL-40 seems to be a good marker of asthma. However, its level may not correlate with clinical outcome. |
### Instruction:
Does overexpression of CREG attenuate atherosclerotic endothelium apoptosis via VEGF/PI3K/AKT pathway?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that CREG plays a critical role in protecting the vascular endothelium from apoptosis, and the protective effort of CREG against ECs apoptosis is through the activation of the VEGF/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does iron modify plasma FGF23 differently in autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets and healthy humans?
### Response:
| Low serum iron is associated with elevated FGF23 in ADHR. However, in controls, low serum iron was also associated with elevated C-terminal FGF23, but not intact FGF23, suggesting cleavage maintains homeostasis despite increased FGF23 expression. |
### Instruction:
Do khat ( Catha edulis ) and ethanol co-dependence modulate seizure expression in a pentylenetetrazol seizure model?
### Response:
| These data suggest that combined moderate to high dose khat and ethanol co-dependence produce a greater deleterious CNS effect than either drug alone. Future studies will address neurochemical effects, in addition to neuroadaptations, resulting from coabuse of these drugs. |
### Instruction:
Are human leukocyte antigens class II genes associated with cancer development in the autoimmune rheumatic diseases?
### Response:
| The results suggest an association between HLA class II alleles with the probability of developing a malignant neoplasm in patients suffering from an autoimmune rheumatic disease. |
### Instruction:
Are obesity-associated hepatosteatosis and impairment of glucose homeostasis attenuated by haptoglobin deficiency?
### Response:
| We demonstrated that in the absence of Hp, obesity-associated insulin resistance and hepatosteatosis are attenuated, which is associated with reduced ATM content, increased plasma adiponectin, and higher WAT insulin sensitivity. |
### Instruction:
Does bilateral pudendal afferent stimulation improve bladder emptying in rats with urinary retention?
### Response:
| The results of the present study are consistent with an essential role for pudendal sensory feedback in efficient bladder emptying, and unilateral and bilateral electrical activation of pudendal nerve afferents are equally efficient in improving bladder emptying in an animal model of urinary retention. This could provide an approach to improve bladder emptying in patients with non-obstructive urinary retention. |
### Instruction:
Does the Model for End-stage Liver Disease accurately predict 90-day liver transplant wait-list mortality in Atlantic Canada?
### Response:
| Both the MELD and the MELDNa accurately predicted the occurrence of 90-day wait-list mortality in the study cohort and, therefore, are generalizable to Atlantic Canadians with end-stage liver disease awaiting LT. |
### Instruction:
Is right ventricular failure in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with inefficient myocardial oxygen utilization?
### Response:
| RV failure in IPAH was associated with reduced mechanical efficiency that was partially explained by RV mechanical dysfunction but not by a metabolic shift. |
### Instruction:
Does calcium spark in the intact gerbil spiral modiolar artery?
### Response:
| This is the first characterization of calcium sparks in smooth muscle cells of the spiral modiolar artery. The results suggest that calcium sparks may regulate the diameter of the spiral modiolar artery and cochlear blood flow. |
### Instruction:
Does pressure pain threshold testing demonstrate predictive ability in people with acute whiplash?
### Response:
| Sex, pain intensity, and PPT measured at a site distal to the injury were the most parsimonious set of predictors of short-term neck-related disability score, and represented promising additions to assessment of traumatic neck pain. Neither age nor PPT at the local site was able to explain significant variance beyond those 3 predictors. Limitations to interpretation are addressed. |
### Instruction:
Does genotyping of Capreolus pygargus fossil DNA from Denisova cave reveal phylogenetic relationships between ancient and modern populations?
### Response:
| Analysis of mitochondrial DNA from both ancient and modern samples of Siberian roe deer shed new light on understanding the evolutionary history of roe deer. Our data indicate that during the last 50,000 years multiple replacements of populations of the Siberian roe deer took place in the Altai Mountains correlating with climatic changes. The Siberian roe deer represent a complex and heterogeneous species with high migration rates and without evident subspecies structure. Low genetic diversity of the West Siberian Plain population indicates a recent bottleneck or founder effect. |
### Instruction:
Is betacellulin-induced beta cell proliferation and regeneration mediated by activation of ErbB-1 and ErbB-2 receptors?
### Response:
| These results suggest that BTC exerts proliferative activity on beta cells through the activation of ErbB-1 and ErbB-2 receptors, which may increase IRS-2 expression, contributing to the regeneration of beta cells. |
### Instruction:
Is altered expression of the gap junction protein connexin43 associated with papillary thyroid carcinomas when compared with other noncancer pathologies of the thyroid?
### Response:
| These results show that aberrations of Cx43 expression are associated with thyroid papillary carcinoma. |
### Instruction:
Does kIOM-79 inhibit aldose reductase activity and cataractogenesis in Zucker diabetic fatty rats?
### Response:
| These observations suggested that KIOM-79 was useful against the treatment of diabetic cataractogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does acteoside inhibit melanogenesis in B16F10 cells through ERK activation and tyrosinase down-regulation?
### Response:
| Acteoside decreased tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis in B16F10 cells by activating ERK signalling, which down-regulated MITF, tyrosinase and TRP-1 production. |
### Instruction:
Does h5N1 whole-virus vaccine induce neutralizing antibodies in humans which are protective in a mouse passive transfer model?
### Response:
| These data underpin the confidence that the Vero cell culture-derived, whole-virus H5N1 vaccine will be effective in a pandemic situation and support the use of neutralizing serum antibody titers as a correlate of protection for H5N1 vaccines. |
### Instruction:
Is iQGAP1 a novel CXCR2-interacting protein and essential component of the `` chemosynapse ''?
### Response:
| Our studies indicate that IQGAP1 is a novel essential component of the CXCR2 "chemosynapse". |
### Instruction:
Are inexperienced nurses and doctors equally efficient in managing the airway in a manikin model?
### Response:
| Nurses are as efficient as physicians in managing the airway safely and adequately with the 3 different techniques in manikins. |
### Instruction:
Is an eight-week yoga intervention associated with improvements in pain , psychological functioning and mindfulness , and changes in cortisol levels in women with fibromyalgia?
### Response:
| The results suggest that a yoga intervention may reduce pain and catastrophizing, increase acceptance and mindfulness, and alter total cortisol levels in women with FM. The changes in mindfulness and cortisol levels may provide preliminary evidence for mechanisms of a yoga program for women with FM. Future studies should use an RCT design with a larger sample size. |
### Instruction:
Does dissociation mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and hallucination-proneness?
### Response:
| These results are consistent with dissociative accounts of the trauma-hallucinations link. Dissociation, however, does not affect reality discrimination. Future research should examine whether other cognitive processes associated with both dissociative states and hallucinations (e.g. deficits in cognitive inhibition) may explain the relationship between dissociation and hallucinatory experiences. |
### Instruction:
Is [ Blood glucose levels in the first 24 hours of admission a risk factor for mortality in critical care patients ]?
### Response:
| A total of 2,165 of the 2,554 admitted patients during the study period were included (96.5%). Exclusion criteria were absence of plasma glucose determinations. In the bivariate analysis, first and mean glucose blood levels showed significant differences in mortality rates in absolute figures and also when data were classified stratified in three levels (< 60 mg/dl; 60-110 mg/dl or > 110 mg/dl) or in two (normal values 60 to 110 mg/dl and unusual figures < 60 mg/dl or > 110 mg/dl). These significant differences were lost when a logistic model was applied. From the remaining variables, renal function and NEMS showed to be mortality risks factors in this sample. |
### Instruction:
Does mineral and/or milk supplementation of fruit beverages help in the prevention of H2O2-induced oxidative stress in Caco-2 cells?
### Response:
| Fruit beverages prevented the deleterious effect of H2O2 on cell viability, with almost all samples reaching control basal levels. Only independent iron or zinc supplementation with/without milk exerted positive effects upon GSH-Rd activity. Both minerals with milk, afforded improved preservation of GSH-Px activity. All samples prevented the decrease in the G1 phase of cell cycle induced by H2O2, except iron supplemented samples with/without milk, but none of them avoided the increase in sub-G1 phase. However, this fact was not associated to caspase-3 activity, with a probable positive effect of zinc upon this parameter. |
### Instruction:
Does withdrawal from chronic nicotine exposure alter dopamine signaling dynamics in the nucleus accumbens?
### Response:
| The relative increase in the sensitivity of DA release to phasic stimulation suggests an increase in the signal-to-noise relationship of DA signaling during the withdrawal period. Therefore, the DA signal produced by acute nicotine re-exposure produces a DA response that might reinforce relapse to drug use (i.e., smoking). Because the basal DA concentration is low during withdrawal, therapies aimed at elevating the background DA signal represent a reasonable treatment strategy for nicotine-dependent individuals attempting to quit. |
### Instruction:
Does early-life forebrain glucocorticoid receptor overexpression increase anxiety behavior and cocaine sensitization?
### Response:
| Transient overexpression of GR early in life is both necessary and sufficient for inducing transcriptome-wide changes in the brain and producing a lifelong increase in vulnerability to anxiety and drugs of abuse. |
### Instruction:
Is myeloperoxidase , but not oxidized LDL , associated with leisure-time physical activity : results from the MONICA/KORA Augsburg Studies 1984-1995?
### Response:
| These data indicate that regular leisure-time PA may reduce MPO concentrations. |
### Instruction:
Does prostaglandin D2 regulate joint inflammation and destruction in murine collagen-induced arthritis?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that PGD2 is produced in articular tissue during the development of CIA and plays an antiinflammatory role, acting through the DP1 receptor. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Consumption of the probiotic Lactobacillus planctarum CECT 7315/7316 improve general health in the elderly subjects ]?
### Response:
| Consumption of functional foods containing L. plantarum CECT 7315/7316 improves the quality of life in elderly subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does abacavir coadministration interfere with the suppressive activity of ribavirin in an HCV replicon system?
### Response:
| In a subgenomic HCV RNA replicon system, the antiviral effect of ribavirin was not modified by the addition of abacavir, tenofovir or lamivudine. |
### Instruction:
Does retrotransposon-centered analysis of piRNA targeting show a shift from active to passive retrotransposon transcription in developing mouse testes?
### Response:
| Reanalyzing published piRNA sequences and taking into account the features of individual RTE loci provide novel insight into the activity of RTEs during development. The obtained results are consistent with some degree of proportionality between what transcripts become substrates for Piwi protein complexes and the level by which the transcripts are present in the cell. A transition from active transcription of RTEs to passive co-transcription of RTE sequences residing within protein-coding transcripts appears to take place in postnatal development. Hence, the previously reported increase in piRNA targeting of SINEs in postnatal testis development does not necessitate widespread active transcription of SINEs, but may simply be explained by the prevalence of SINEs residing in introns. |
### Instruction:
Does therapeutic inhibition of miR-208a improve cardiac function and survival during heart failure?
### Response:
| These studies indicate the potential of oligonucleotide-based therapies for modulating cardiac miRNAs and validate miR-208 as a potent therapeutic target for the modulation of cardiac function and remodeling during heart disease progression. |
### Instruction:
Is iD4 frequently downregulated and partially hypermethylated in prostate cancer?
### Response:
| ID4 downregulation may contribute to prostate cancer pathogenesis and is often accompanied by DNA hypermethylation. The case of ID4 illustrates exemplarily the limits and pitfalls of techniques for the detection of methylation changes in prostate cancer tissues. |
### Instruction:
Does evaluation of two detection methods of microorganisms in platelet concentrate?
### Response:
| The BacT/ALERT method is more sensitive and should continue to be the gold standard for identifying bacterial contaminations in blood samples. The real-time PCR approach can be used for the screening of PCs for microbial detection before they are released from blood centres or shortly before they are used in blood transfusion, and thus allow an extended shelf life of the platelets. |
### Instruction:
Is literacy an independent risk factor for vision impairment and poor visual functioning?
### Response:
| Inadequate literacy is independently associated with visual impairment and poorer visual functioning. Interventions that address literacy may help to reduce socioeconomic disparities in visual impairment. |
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