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### Instruction:
Is cardiac remodeling rather than disturbed myocardial energy metabolism associated with cardiac dysfunction in diabetic rats?
### Response:
| Streptozotocin induced diabetes led to increased LV/bodyweight, increased collagen content, and diminished MMP-2 with no change in PCr/ATP. Therefore, remodeling rather than disturbed energetics may underlie diabetic cardiomyopathy. |
### Instruction:
Are mMP-9 , homocysteine and CRP circulating levels associated with intraluminal thrombus thickness of abdominal aortic aneurysms : new implication of the old biomarkers?
### Response:
| Association of higher plasma levels of MMP-9 and CRP with thin ILT may be related to two phenomena: thin thrombi convey more elastolysis-stimulating factors from blood to the AAA wall and thin thrombi convey more factors involved in proteolysis and inflammation from AAA wall to blood. The association of thin ILT with lower plasma Hcy concentrations may be related to the role of Hcy as a prothrombotic marker and needs further research. |
### Instruction:
Does bradykinin mediate remote ischaemic preconditioning or ischaemia-reperfusion injury in vivo in man?
### Response:
| These findings do not support a major role for endogenous bradykinin, acting via the B(2) kinin receptor, in the mechanism of ischaemia-reperfusion injury or the protective effects of remote ischaemic preconditioning in man. |
### Instruction:
Is general anxiety of adolescents and adults with congenital heart disease comparable with that in healthy controls?
### Response:
| In general, patients with CHD show a rather normal anxiety pattern compared to healthy controls. These symptoms of anxiety were strongly correlated with the perceived health status. Only situational anxiety levels at the hospital are increased and still remain an important challenge for doctors and psychologists. |
### Instruction:
Does delayed blastocyst development influence the outcome of frozen-thawed transfer cycles?
### Response:
| The pregnancy potential of high-grade blastocysts frozen on day 5 and day 6 after in vitro fertilisation and replaced in programmed TBT cycles is comparable. |
### Instruction:
Does pPARγ attenuate intimal hyperplasia by inhibiting TLR4-mediated inflammation in vascular smooth muscle cells?
### Response:
| PPARγ inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by suppressing TLR4-mediated inflammation and ultimately attenuates intimal hyperplasia after carotid injury. |
### Instruction:
Is early intensive obstetric and medical nutrition care associated with decreased prepregnancy obesity impact on perinatal outcomes?
### Response:
| Early intensive medical-nutrition prenatal care and adequate gestational weight gain may contribute to decreasing most maternal and newborn adverse outcomes associated with prepregnancy overweight or obesity. |
### Instruction:
Is plasma protein oxidation correlated positively with plasma iron levels and negatively with hemolysate zinc levels in sickle-cell anemia patients?
### Response:
| Alterations of proteins, lipids, and ions in the plasma and erythrocyte of steady-state patients with SCA were demonstrated. Some of these alterations are related with each other and with the oxidative stress observed in the disease. |
### Instruction:
Is inflammatory impact of NOTES peritoneoscopy different from that of laparoscopy : a randomized comparative study in a survival porcine model?
### Response:
| Inflammatory parameters are similar between NOTES and laparoscopic peritoneoscopy despite longer surgery time in the NOTES group. The vaginal route seems to reduce the inflammatory stress. |
### Instruction:
Do circulating antiretinal antibodies predict the outcome of anti-VEGF therapy in patients with exudative age-related macular degeneration?
### Response:
| Serum ARA levels demonstrate a dynamic change which occurs in parallel with clinical outcomes of antiangiogenic therapy. They also may act as markers of the therapeutic benefits of vascular endothelial growth factor inhibition. |
### Instruction:
Does tamoxifen promote superoxide production in platelets by activation of PI3-kinase and NADPH oxidase pathways?
### Response:
| Tamoxifen increases [Ca(2+)](i) in human platelets by a non-genomic mechanism. Tamoxifen activates phospholipase Cγ as well as PI3-kinase and NADPH oxidase pathway to generate superoxide which causes the release of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum, and promotes Ca(2+) influx into the platelets. |
### Instruction:
Is neonatal morbidity in term neonates related to gestational age at birth and level of care?
### Response:
| Neonatal morbidity in term neonates is related to gestational age at birth. Since asphyxia is an important cause of both morbidity and mortality in term neonates, it is important to clearly define and include asphyxia in future perinatal audits. |
### Instruction:
Do non-bronchodilating mechanisms of tiotropium prevent airway hyperreactivity in a guinea-pig model of allergic asthma?
### Response:
| These data confirm that testing M(3) receptor blockade with exogenous ACh does not predict vagal blockade. Our data also suggest that selective blockade of M(3) receptors may be effective in asthma via mechanisms that are separate from inhibition of bronchoconstriction. |
### Instruction:
Does dicer-mediated upregulation of BCRP confer tamoxifen resistance in human breast cancer cells?
### Response:
| Dicer-overexpressing breast cancer cells enriched for cells with enhanced BCRP function. We hypothesize that it is this population which may be involved in the emergence of Tam-resistant growth. BCRP may be a novel clinical target to restore Tam sensitivity. |
### Instruction:
Does cyptoporus polysaccharide prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury associated with down-regulating Toll-like receptor 2 expression?
### Response:
| Our results supported a protective role of CP in ALI and suggested that the reduction of the activation of TLR(2) and NF-κB signal pathway in lung injury may be relavant to the pretreatment of CP. |
### Instruction:
Is brain-derived neurotrophic factor from follicular fluid positively associated with rate of mature ooocytes collected and cleavage rate in intracytoplasmic sperm injection patients?
### Response:
| The BDNF in FF could not predict IVF outcome, but BDNF in FF might play an important role in the maturation of oocyte and development of oocyte into preimplantation embryo. |
### Instruction:
Does triglycidyl amine crosslinking combined with ethanol inhibit bioprosthetic heart valve calcification?
### Response:
| The TGA-EtOH pretreatment of porcine aortic valves confers significant calcification resistance in both rat subdermal and sheep circulatory implants, but with associated structural instability. |
### Instruction:
Are serum levels of advanced glycation end products ( AGEs ) inversely associated with the number and migratory activity of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in apparently healthy subjects?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated for the first time that the serum level of AGEs was one of the independent correlates of decreased cell number and impaired migratory activity of circulating EPCs in apparently healthy subjects. Our present observations suggest that even in young healthy subjects, serum level of AGEs may be a biomarker that could predict the progression of atherosclerosis and future cardiovascular events. |
### Instruction:
Is high bone marrow angiopoietin-1 expression an independent poor prognostic factor for survival in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes?
### Response:
| BM Ang-1 expression may serve as a new biomarker to predict clinical outcome in MDS patients. |
### Instruction:
Are newborn neurobehavioral patterns differentially related to prenatal maternal major depressive disorder and serotonin reuptake inhibitor treatment?
### Response:
| MDD + SRI-exposed infants seem to have a different neurobehavioral profile than MDD-exposed infants in the first 3 weeks after delivery; both groups may have different neurobehavioral profiles with increasing age from birth. |
### Instruction:
Is perioperative use of dexmedetomidine associated with decreased incidence of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias after congenital cardiac operations?
### Response:
| Perioperative use of dexmedetomidine is associated with a significantly decreased incidence of ventricular and supraventricular tachyarrhythmias, without significant adverse effects. |
### Instruction:
Does intramural coronary length correlate with symptoms in patients with anomalous aortic origin of the coronary artery?
### Response:
| Coronary unroofing for AAOCA is a safe method of enlarging the coronary orifice and eliminating the intramural course. Symptomatic patients had a longer intramural course than asymptomatic patients, as assessed by preoperative imaging and intraoperative measurements. These results may have important clinical implications in determining indications for operation. |
### Instruction:
Does depressive symptom trajectory predict 1-year health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure?
### Response:
| We found the trajectory of depressive symptoms predicts future HRQOL. Research is needed to determine whether interventions targeting depressive symptoms improve HRQOL in patients with HF. |
### Instruction:
Does the susceptibility of trypanosomatid pathogens to PI3/mTOR kinase inhibitors afford a new opportunity for drug repurposing?
### Response:
| These studies strongly suggest that mammalian PI3/TOR kinase inhibitors are a productive starting point for anti-trypanosomal drug discovery. Our data suggest that NVP-BEZ235, an advanced clinical candidate against solid tumors, merits further investigation as an agent for treating African sleeping sickness. |
### Instruction:
Are fast food and take-away food consumption associated with different lifestyle characteristics?
### Response:
| Take-away and fast food consumption are behaviours that share the same demographic determinants of age and gender, although they are influenced by different life style determinants. It is very likely that motivations related to time, effort and cooking are of increasing importance for food decisions in our society. |
### Instruction:
Is adipose zinc-α2-glycoprotein a catabolic marker in cancer and noncancerous states?
### Response:
| ZAG is released from human WAT, but this tissue does not contribute significantly to the circulating levels. WAT-secreted ZAG correlates with nutritional status but not with fat mass in both cancer and nonmalignant conditions. Adipose ZAG is therefore a local factor activated primarily by the catabolic state per se. |
### Instruction:
Is plasma sCD36 associated with markers of atherosclerosis , insulin resistance and fatty liver in a nondiabetic healthy population?
### Response:
| In this cross-sectional study of nondiabetic subjects, sCD36 was significantly associated with indices of insulin resistance, carotid atherosclerosis and fatty liver. Prospective studies are needed to further evaluate the role of sCD36 in the inter-relationship between atherosclerosis, fatty liver and insulin resistance. |
### Instruction:
Are proteasome modulator 9 SNPs linked to hypertension in type 2 diabetes families?
### Response:
| We conclude that the PSMD9 gene and/or any variant in linkage disequilibrium with the SNPs studied contribute to the linkage to hypertension within our family dataset. This is the first report of PSMD9 linkage to hypertension within the 12q24 locus. |
### Instruction:
Is cyclin D1 expression in colorectal cancer a favorable prognostic factor in men but not in women in a prospective , population-based cohort study?
### Response:
| Cyclin D1 expression is strongly associated with prolonged survival in male CRC. These findings not only support an important role for cyclin D1 in colorectal carcinogenesis, but also add further weight to the accumulating evidence that CRC is indeed a hormone-dependent malignancy, for which prognostic and treatment-predictive molecular biomarkers should be evaluated differently in women and men. |
### Instruction:
Are hepatic iron stores increased as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging in a Chinese population with altered glucose homeostasis?
### Response:
| To our knowledge, our findings provide novel evidence to support the hypothesis of a mild iron overload in patients with prediabetes and T2D. A cohort study concerned with the effect of the attenuation of excess iron on glucose metabolism in a prediabetic population is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Does unbound bilirubin increase during ibuprofen treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm infants?
### Response:
| Ibuprofen (10-5-5 mg/kg) did not displace bilirubin in preterm infants with a baseline TB concentration <8.8 mg/dL. |
### Instruction:
Is oestrogen receptor-β CA repeat polymorphism associated with incidence of colorectal cancer among females?
### Response:
| A role for ESR2 CA repeat polymorphism in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer among females is suggested. |
### Instruction:
Is hepatic glucagon action essential for exercise-induced reversal of mouse fatty liver?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that therapies that use antagonism of hepatic glucagon action to reduce blood glucose may interfere with the ability of exercise and perhaps other interventions to positively affect fatty liver. |
### Instruction:
Do outcomes of 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy in the surgical management of proliferative diabetic retinopathy?
### Response:
| The authors found 25-gauge PPV to be effective for vitreous removal and membrane dissection. The spectrum and frequency of complications were similar to those reported for 20-gauge PPV for PDR. In the surgical management of PDR, 25-gauge PPV is an alternative. |
### Instruction:
Do asthmatics exhibit altered oxylipin profiles compared to healthy individuals after subway air exposure?
### Response:
| Several of the altered oxylipins have known or suspected bronchoprotective or anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting a possible reduced anti-inflammatory response in asthmatics following exposure to subway air. These observations may have ramifications for sensitive subpopulations in urban areas. |
### Instruction:
Are monocyte phenotype and cytokine production profiles dysregulated by short-duration spaceflight?
### Response:
| These data indicate that changes in monocyte constitutive phenotype and inflammatory cytokine production occur following short-duration spaceflight, which may impact overall crewmember immunocompetence. Also, monocyte/macrophage function may be highly sensitive to mission specific parameters. |
### Instruction:
Is heme oxygenase-1 protective against nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastric ulcers?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that the induction of an anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective enzyme HO-1 may be a strategy to overcome the gastrointestinal adverse effects limiting the use of NSAIDs. |
### Instruction:
Does human milk probiotic Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716 reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal and upper respiratory tract infections in infants?
### Response:
| Administration of a follow-on formula with L. fermentum CECT5716 may be useful for the prevention of community-acquired gastrointestinal and upper respiratory infections. |
### Instruction:
Is this recession wearing me out ! Health-related quality of life and economic downturns?
### Response:
| With the recent worldwide economic recession causing steep drops in the U.S. Gross Domestic Product along with double-digit unemployment rates, the implications of this study are disheartening. Besides macroeconomic policies to help stimulate the economy, government officials and policymakers should also consider social policies to help people cope with the recession and buffer the potential negative health impact, both mental and physical. Moreover, policymakers should keep in mind that the mental health effects might be greater and longer lasting. |
### Instruction:
Does acid inhibit TRPV4-mediated Ca²⁺ influx in mouse esophageal epithelial cells?
### Response:
| Acid-sensitive TRPV4 channels were mainly expressed in the esophageal epithelial cells of the basal and intermediate layers. Direct exposure of TRPV4-expressing cells to gastric acid, as would occur in cases of GERD, could influence their cellular functions, possibly aggravating the disease state. |
### Instruction:
Does iL28B genotype correlate with HIV control in African Americans?
### Response:
| The IL28B CC genotype does not account for the noted HIV control in our specific NVS cohort. Further studies will be needed to determine if a common genetic factor can primarily account for any joint clearance of HCV and control of HIV. |
### Instruction:
Is despite aggressive histopathology survival impaired in young patients with colorectal cancer : CRC in patients under 50 years of age?
### Response:
| Although young patients present with more aggressive histopathological subtypes and less early stages, cancer-related survival is not less favourable compared with older patients. |
### Instruction:
Does ethanol-induced oxidative stress via the CYP2E1 pathway disrupt adiponectin secretion from adipocytes?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that CYP2E1-dependent reactive oxygen species production in response to ethanol disrupts adiponectin secretion from adipocytes. |
### Instruction:
Is corticotropin-releasing factor acting on corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 1 critical for binge alcohol drinking in mice?
### Response:
| Our results confirm that CRFR1 plays a key role in binge drinking and identify CRF as the ligand critically involved in excessive alcohol consumption. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary kaempferol suppress inflammation of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice?
### Response:
| These results indicate that kaempferol is an effective anti-inflammatory agent that protects colonic mucosa from DSS-induced UC. Dietary kaempferol fed prior to colitis induction was more effective to suppress some of the colitis-associated markers. |
### Instruction:
Does absence of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 in ENT1 knockout mice lead to altered nucleoside levels following hypoxic challenge?
### Response:
| ENT1 contributes to modulation of extracellular adenosine levels and subsequent purinergic signaling via ARs. ENT1-null mice possess elevated circulating adenosine levels and reduced cellular uptake resulting in a perpetually cardioprotected phenotype. |
### Instruction:
Are parathyroid hormone-related protein and glucocorticoid receptor beta regulated by cortisol in the kidney of male mice?
### Response:
| These results suggest that PTHrP expression and GRβ in the kidneys of male mice may be regulated by cortisol. |
### Instruction:
Is the prognosis after curative resection of gallbladder cancer with hilar invasion similar to that of hilar cholangiocarcinoma?
### Response:
| The prognosis after curative resection of GBC with hilar invasion is similar to that of HC in selected patients. Aggressive surgery for advanced GBC with hilar invasion might increase survival rates. |
### Instruction:
Are allergic agonists in apheresis platelet products associated with allergic transfusion reactions?
### Response:
| The allergic agonists C5a, BDNF, and CCL5 may be mediators of ATRs in apheresis PLT products. Acute inflammatory proteins and basophil and/or mast cell growth and priming factors do not appear to be associated with apheresis PLT products that cause ATRs. |
### Instruction:
Does theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation over the supplementary motor area decrease variability of temporal estimates?
### Response:
| It is likely that increased variability of time estimates is a non-specific result of impaired attention and working memory after theta-burst TMS. Decreased variability after stimulation over the SMA could be explained in terms of enhanced activity of the physiological oscillator with a frequency close to 0.1 Hz. |
### Instruction:
Are longitudinal changes of axial length and height associated and concomitant in children?
### Response:
| The association between AL and height in cross-sectional analysis and longitudinal changes may suggest common pathways for the development of eye size and body size in children. |
### Instruction:
Is high maternal HbA1c associated with overweight in neonates?
### Response:
| Women with GDM not obtaining HbA1c within the normal range before delivery had a threefold increased risk of having an LGA infant and a sixfold increased risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia. |
### Instruction:
Are circulating microRNAs promising novel biomarkers of acute myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| The miR-133 and miR-328 levels in plasma and whole blood in AMI patients were increased compared to those in control subjects. These miRNAs may represent novel biomarkers of AMI. |
### Instruction:
Does spleen artery embolization increase the success of nonoperative management following blunt splenic injury?
### Response:
| Performance of SAE for the patients with blunt splenic injury could increase the successful rate of NOM significantly and safely. An algorithm including the angioembolization might be beneficial in the management of patients with blunt spleen trauma. |
### Instruction:
Does a single small dose of ketamine prevent lung injury following hepatic ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits?
### Response:
| 0.5 mg/kg ketamine pretreatment showed significant protective effect on acute lung injury induced by HIR, which might be mediated by the NF-κB pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does risk of post-vertebroplasty fracture in adjacent vertebral bodies appear correlated with the morphologic extent of bone cement?
### Response:
| Our study revealed that the risk of subsequent fracture in the adjacent vertebral bodies was correlated with the extent of bone cement after vertebroplasty. Preventive measures can be taken from this observation to reduce the percentage of post-vertebroplasty fracture in adjacent vertebral bodies. |
### Instruction:
Do atypical antipsychotics cause an acute increase in cutaneous hand blood flow in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder?
### Response:
| Atypical antipsychotics were associated with increased hand blood flow, consistent with inhibition of thermoregulatory sympathetic outflow to the cutaneous vascular bed in patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. This increase correlated with symptom severity. Hand temperature increase following antipsychotic medication may therefore be a simple and informative physiological marker of disease activity and potential response in patients with schizophreniform disorders. Given that antipsychotics also inhibit sympathetic outflow to brown adipose tissue, which normally converts energy to heat, future studies should examine whether antipsychotic-induced hand temperature increase is associated with antipsychotic-induced weight gain. |
### Instruction:
Does rapamycin suppress axon sprouting by somatostatin interneurons in a mouse model of temporal lobe epilepsy?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that rapamycin suppressed axon sprouting by surviving somatostatin/GFP-positive interneurons after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in GIN mice. It is unclear whether the effect of rapamycin on axon length was on interneurons directly or secondary, for example, by suppressing growth of granule cell dendrites, which are synaptic targets of interneuron axons. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway might be a useful drug target for influencing GABAergic synaptic reorganization after epileptogenic treatments, but additional side effects of rapamycin treatment must be considered carefully. |
### Instruction:
Do liver interleukin-8 messenger RNA expression and interferon sensitivity-determining region mutations relate to treatment response in hepatitis C 1b?
### Response:
| SVR to combination therapy in hepatitis C 1b patients was associated with down-regulated hepatic IL-8 mRNA expression and ISDR mutations. Fibrosis scores and alanine aminotransferase levels were predictive of hepatic IL-8 mRNA expression. |
### Instruction:
Are polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene associated with body fat distribution and risk of abdominal obesity in Spanish population?
### Response:
| Polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene (rs660339 and rs659366) were associated with central obesity. This study shows association between the UCP2 gene and the susceptibility to obesity and body fat distribution in a south European population. |
### Instruction:
Does cross talk between smooth muscle cells and monocytes/activated monocytes via CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis augment expression of pro-atherogenic molecules?
### Response:
| The cross-talk between SMC and monocytes augments the inflammatory response in both cell types as revealed by the increased expression of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, CX3CR1 and MMPs. Up-regulation of TNFα, CX3CR1 and MMP-9 is further increased upon interaction of SMC with activated monocytes and is dependent on fractalkine/CXRCR1 pair. These data imply that the fractalkine/CX3RCR1 axis may represent a therapeutic target to impede the inflammatory process associated with atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Is female gender an independent prognostic factor in non-small-cell lung cancer : a meta-analysis?
### Response:
| This meta-analysis of published data concerning NSCLC patients indicated significantly better survival for women. |
### Instruction:
Does adsorptive modulation of inflammatory mediators dampen endothelial cell activation?
### Response:
| Adsorptive modulation of inflammatory mediators dampens endothelial cell activation and may thus be beneficial as supportive therapy in sepsis. |
### Instruction:
Does incarceration predict virologic failure for HIV-infected injection drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy?
### Response:
| Among IDUs achieving viral suppression while receiving ART, virologic failure occurred with high frequency and was strongly associated with brief incarceration. Efforts should be made to ensure continuity of care both during and after incarceration to improve treatment outcomes and prevent viral resistance in this vulnerable population. |
### Instruction:
Does intracoronary ECG during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction predict microvascular obstruction and infarct size?
### Response:
| Intracoronary ST-segment resolution is a strong in-lab predictor of MVO assessed 4 days after STEMI on CMR. Furthermore, IC-STR correlates with infarct size and left ventricular remodelling at 3 months. Further studies are required to understand potential clinical utility of this tool. |
### Instruction:
Does inferior field loss increase rate of falls in older adults with glaucoma?
### Response:
| Falls are common among older adults with glaucoma and occur more frequently in those with greater visual impairment, particularly in the inferior field region. This finding highlights the importance of the inferior visual field region in falls risk and assists in identifying older adults with glaucoma at risk of future falls, for whom potential interventions should be targeted. |
### Instruction:
Is the putative Notch ligand HyJagged a transmembrane protein present in all cell types of adult Hydra and upregulated at the boundary between bud and parent?
### Response:
| The putative Notch ligand HyJagged is conserved in Cnidarians. Together with HvNotch it may be involved in the formation of the parent-bud boundary in Hydra. Moreover, protein distribution of both, HvNotch receptor and HyJagged indicate a more widespread function for these two transmembrane proteins in the adult hydra, which may be regulated by additional factors, possibly involving endocytic pathways. |
### Instruction:
Is intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( ICAM-1 ) upregulated in aggressive papillary thyroid carcinoma?
### Response:
| ICAM-1 expression is upregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, ICAM-1 upregulation correlated with aggressive tumor features such as BRAF V600E mutation, ETE, and lymph node metastasis, suggesting that ICAM-1 plays a role in thyroid cancer progression. |
### Instruction:
Is iL-17A expression localised to both mononuclear and polymorphonuclear synovial cell infiltrates?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates IL-17A expression is localised to several immune cell subtypes within the inflamed synovial tissue, further supporting the concept that IL-17A is a key mediator in inflammatory arthritis. The association of hypoxia with Il-17A expression appears to be indirect, probably through hypoxia-induced pro-inflammatory pathways and leukocyte influx within the joint microenvironment. |
### Instruction:
Does heterogeneity in SDF-1 expression define the vasculogenic potential of adult cardiac progenitor cells?
### Response:
| Clonogenic c-kit+, sca-1+ CPCs are heterogeneous in morphology, gene expression patterns and differentiation potential. Clone-specific levels of SDF-1 expression both predict and promote development of a vasculogenic phenotype via a previously unreported autocrine mechanism. |
### Instruction:
Is insulin resistance associated with increased cardiovascular risk in Asian Indians with normal glucose tolerance -- the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study ( CURES-66 )?
### Response:
| Among Asian Indians who are known to have high risk of premature coronary artery disease and diabetes, a significant association exists between insulin resistance with cardiovascular risk factors even among NGT subjects. |
### Instruction:
Do spiritual and religious identities predict the use of complementary and alternative medicine among US adults?
### Response:
| After controlling for established predictors including educational attainment, personality, social support, and access to conventional medicine, the present study demonstrates that spirituality and religiousness are associated, in unique ways, with CAM use. Additional research on this topic is clearly warranted. |
### Instruction:
Is the effect of HLA-DR on susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis influenced by the associated lymphotoxin alpha-tumor necrosis factor haplotype?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that the MHC contains genetic elements outside the LTA-TNF region that modify the effect of HLA-DRB1 on susceptibility to RA. |
### Instruction:
Does serum ACE predict severe hypoglycemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| The elevated rate of severe hypoglycemia among patients with higher S-ACE suggests, among other factors, that a genetic determinant for severe hypoglycemia exists. Further evaluation is needed before the clinical usefulness of this test can be elucidated. |
### Instruction:
Does acarbose improve glycemic control in overweight type 2 diabetic patients insufficiently treated with metformin?
### Response:
| The addition of acarbose to metformin monotherapy provides an efficacious and safe alternative for glycemic improvement in overweight type 2 patients inadequately controlled by metformin alone. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Extract of cemental matrix enhance periodontal cells bind to the root surface ]?
### Response:
| The extract of cemental matrix can enhance the initial attachment of HGF and HPC on the root surface. |
### Instruction:
Is plasma concentration of Gc-globulin associated with organ dysfunction and sepsis after injury?
### Response:
| Admission plasma concentration of Gc-globulin is lower in patients who develop organ dysfunction and sepsis after traumatic injury. These data, combined with the work of others, support the hypothesis that actin release and depletion of the extracellular actin scavenger system proteins are associated with, and may contribute in part to, the complications of sepsis and organ dysfunction, particularly respiratory failure and thrombocytopenia. |
### Instruction:
Is r726L androgen receptor mutation uncommon in prostate cancer families in the united states?
### Response:
| The AR R726L allele does not account for a significant proportion of early-onset and/or familial prostate cancer in the United States. |
### Instruction:
Does laser-mediated microdissection facilitate analysis of area-specific gene expression in rheumatoid synovium?
### Response:
| The combination of LMM and RAP-PCR presents a valuable tool to obtain novel insights into the area-dependent differential regulation of gene expression in RA synovium. Both known and previously unknown genes were revealed with this technique. This study is the first to demonstrate the potential of this analytic strategy in the investigation of a nonmalignant, multifactorial, inflammatory disease. |
### Instruction:
Does vacuum-assisted venous drainage increase the neurological risk?
### Response:
| VAVD is a useful adjunct to modern cardiopulmonary bypass systems. When used with appropriate care, VAVD does not appear to significantly increase air microemboli and is not associated with an increased neurological risk following valvular surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does rapid emergence explain agitation following sevoflurane anaesthesia in infants and children : a comparison with propofol?
### Response:
| Although both sevoflurane and propofol allow for rapid emergence from general anaesthesia, only sevoflurane is associated with a high incidence of emergence agitation in infants and young children. Rapid emergence does not fully explain this phenomena. |
### Instruction:
Are differences in resting metabolic rate between paraplegic and able-bodied subjects explained by differences in body composition?
### Response:
| FFM, BCM, and RMR, but not obligatory TEF, are lower in paraplegics than in control subjects. RMR does not differ between control and paraplegic subjects after adjustment for FFM, indicating similar metabolic activity in the fat-free compartment of the body. |
### Instruction:
Does pretreatment with oral anticoagulants decrease platelet activation in patients before and after percutaneous coronary intervention?
### Response:
| Pretreatment with oral anticoagulants resulted in less activated platelets before and after coronary angioplasty, which is in agreement with its clinical effect of reducing procedural complications. Platelet function was not affected by oral anticoagulants. |
### Instruction:
Does latent HIV-1 reactivation in transgenic mice require cell cycle -dependent demethylation of CREB/ATF sites in the LTR?
### Response:
| These observations indicate that cell cycle progression-dependent demethylation of the CREB/ATF sites in the LTR is crucial for the reactivation of latent HIV-1 genome in transgenic mice. |
### Instruction:
Does impaired gallbladder mucosal function in aged gallstone patients suppress gallstone recurrence after successful extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that the reduced concentrating function of the gallbladder in elderly gallstone patients helps to counteract stone recurrence despite their abnormal gallbladder motility. Therefore, aged gallstone patients may be preferentially treated by a non-surgical strategy. |
### Instruction:
Is c-kit gene mutation at exon 17 or 13 very rare in sporadic gastrointestinal stromal tumors?
### Response:
| The mutation at exons 17 or 13 was considered to be very rare in sporadic GIST. |
### Instruction:
Does low-dose oral amiodarone prophylaxis reduce atrial fibrillation after pulmonary resection?
### Response:
| LDOA prophylaxis significantly reduces the incidence of atrial fibrillation after pulmonary resection. Its use in this population may be cost-effective. Results of this pilot study provide a rationale for a prospective randomized trial. |
### Instruction:
Does intrathymic inoculation of donor bone marrow induce long-term acceptance of lung allografts?
### Response:
| Intrathymic inoculation of donor bone marrow at the time of transplantation along with a short course of tacrolimus induces long-term acceptance of lung allografts in rats. This simple approach of tolerance induction may have clinical application. |
### Instruction:
Is use of a paper disposable cup as a spacer effective for the first-aid management of asthma?
### Response:
| A paper disposable cup was effective for the reversal of mild to moderate bronchoconstriction. Therefore, a paper disposable cup can be used for the first-aid management of asthma when there is concern about cross-infection and a commercially produced spacer is not available. |
### Instruction:
Is prevalence of risk of undernutrition associated with poor health status in older people in the UK?
### Response:
| A substantial proportion of the older population of the UK is at risk of undernutrition. High-risk subjects are more likely to have poorer health status. It is unlikely that the individuals at high risk are being detected currently, and therefore effective care is not being provided, either in the community or in institutions. |
### Instruction:
Do adult coeliac patients do tolerate large amounts of oats?
### Response:
| Results from this study indicate that adult patients with coeliac disease in remission can include large amounts of controlled wheat-free rolled oats for an extended period of time without adverse effects. |
### Instruction:
Does plant sterol-enriched spread enhance the cholesterol-lowering potential of a fat-reduced diet?
### Response:
| In people with moderately raised plasma cholesterol concentrations consuming reduced-fat diets the reduction in plasma total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations achieved by replacing butter with a polyunsaturated spread is enhanced by addition of plant sterols. |
### Instruction:
Are tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol absorbed from moderate and sustained doses of virgin olive oil in humans?
### Response:
| Tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol are absorbed from realistic doses of virgin olive oil. With regard to the dose-effect relationship, 24 h urinary tyrosol seems to be a better biomarker of sustained and moderate doses of virgin olive oil consumption than hydroxytyrosol. |
### Instruction:
Do phage annealing proteins promote oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis in Escherichia coli and mouse ES cells?
### Response:
| Phage annealing proteins can initiate the recombination of single stranded oligonucleotides into endogenous targets in Escherichia coli at very high efficiencies. This expands the repertoire of useful DNA engineering strategies, shows promise for applications in eukaryotic cells, and has implications for the unanswered questions regarding DSBR mediated by RecE/RecT and Redalpha/Redbeta. |
### Instruction:
Does circulating bile salt-dependent lipase originate from the pancreas via intestinal transcytosis?
### Response:
| These in vivo data show that BSDL, normally present in blood, originates from exocrine pancreatic secretion and support the pathophysiologic relevance of BSDL transcytosis through the intestinal mucosa cell lining. Based on this, the implication of circulating BSDL in atherosclerosis merits careful attention. |
### Instruction:
Do interleukin-6-deficient mice resist development of autoimmune myocarditis associated with impaired upregulation of complement C3?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that IL-6 is required for the expansion of autoimmune CD4+ T cells and the pathogenesis of autoimmune myocarditis, possibly by upregulation of complement C3. |
### Instruction:
Is implicit memory for words presented in short texts preserved in Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| The absence of a correlation between priming and recognition scores suggests that this result cannot be explained by an explicit memory bias. Moreover, as the priming level was identical whatever the perceptual aspect of the text, we suggest that the priming effect is not only mediated by perceptual processes but also by lexical and conceptual processes, which to some extent are preserved during the light and moderate stages of this disease. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Glycocorticosteroid administration prevent fulminant hepatic failure occurrence in patients with chronic hepatitis B of severe degree ]?
### Response:
| These results suggest that steroid administration with improved support care not only is likely to prevent chronic severe hepatitis occurrence in patients with chronic viral hepatitis of severe degree, but also shows some efficacy for FHF, which warrant further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Is rDP58 , a locally active TNF inhibitor , effective in the dextran sulphate mouse model of chronic colitis?
### Response:
| Therapeutic efficacy of RDP58 combined with a lack of bioavailibility and toxicity suggest that RDP58 may be a promising new therapeutic for IBD. |
### Instruction:
Does neutrophil elastase inhibitor reduce hepatic metastases induced by ischaemia-reperfusion in rats?
### Response:
| Neutrophil elastase may have an important role in increasing haematogenous liver metastases by ischaemia-reperfusion, particularly in unclamped lobes. |
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