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### Instruction:
Does bRCA2 mutations as a universal risk factor for pancreatic cancer have a limited role in Korean ethnic group?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the BRCA2 mutation may not contribute to increases in the risk for both sporadic and familial pancreatic cancer in Korea. |
### Instruction:
Does serotonin induce vasoconstriction of smooth muscle cell-rich neointima through 5-hydroxytryptamine2A receptor in rabbit femoral arteries?
### Response:
| These results suggest that 5-HT plays a crucial role in thrombogenic vasoconstriction, and that SMC-rich intima as well as media directly contributes to the hypercontractile response of atherosclerotic vessels through the 5-HT(2A) receptor and the Rho-kinase pathway. |
### Instruction:
Do histone deacetylase inhibitors suppress interleukin-1beta-induced nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 production in human chondrocytes?
### Response:
| These data indicate that HDAC inhibitors suppressed IL-1-induced NO and PGE(2) synthesis, iNOS and COX-2 expression, as well as proteoglycan degradation. The suppressive effect of HDAC inhibitors is not due to impaired DNA-binding activity of NF-kappaB. These findings also suggest that HDAC inhibitors may be of potential therapeutic value in the treatment of OA. |
### Instruction:
Does pharmacologic disruption of TRPV1-expressing primary sensory neurons but not genetic deletion of TRPV1 protect mice against pancreatitis?
### Response:
| Nerves expressing TRPV1 participate in the neurogenic inflammation during acute pancreatitis. The lack of protection in TRPV1 null mice suggests that an alternate pathway to TRPV1 coexists in the same neurons. |
### Instruction:
Does g protein beta3 subunit C825T polymorphism modify the presentation of temporal lobe epilepsy?
### Response:
| There was no increased frequency of TLE between the carriers of the TT genotype compared with the healthy controls and/or family members without epilepsy. However, the TLE patients with the TT genotype showed tendencies of a more severe disease phenotype. |
### Instruction:
Is soy intake related to a lower body mass index in adult women?
### Response:
| In this study, women consuming more soy during adulthood had a lower BMI, but the relation was primarily observed for Caucasian and postmenopausal subjects. This indicates that the association may be due to other nutritional factors and behaviors common in women with high soy intake. |
### Instruction:
Is vpr14-88-Apobec3G fusion protein efficiently incorporated into Vif-positive HIV-1 particles and inhibits viral infection?
### Response:
| Our results clearly indicate that R88 delivers A3G into Vif(+) HIV-1 particles and inhibits infectivity and spread of the virions among CD4(+) T cells. This study provides evidence for an effective strategy to modify a host protein with innate anti-HIV-1 activity and rescue its potent anti-HIV potential in the presence of Vif. Further characterization and optimization of this system may lead to the development of an effective therapeutic approach against HIV-1 infection. |
### Instruction:
Is pathologic complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy of breast carcinoma associated with the disappearance of tumor-infiltrating foxp3+ regulatory T cells?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that pCR to neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with an immunologic profile combining the absence of immunosuppressive Foxp3 cells and the presence of a high number of CD8 T cells and cytotoxic cells. These results argue for the induction of an antitumor immune response by chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Does eXEL-7647 inhibit mutant forms of ErbB2 associated with lapatinib resistance and neoplastic transformation?
### Response:
| Taken together, these data suggest potential target-based mechanisms of resistance to lapatinib and suggest that EXEL-7647 may be able to circumvent these effects. |
### Instruction:
Does dNA demethylation-dependent enhancement of toll-like receptor-2 gene expression in cystic fibrosis epithelial cells involve SP1-activated transcription?
### Response:
| This report implicates SP1 as a critical component of DNA demethylation-dependent up-regulation of TLR2 expression in CF epithelial cells. |
### Instruction:
Does lL-37 regulate the overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF ) and c-IAP-2 in human keratinocytes?
### Response:
| These results suggest that LL-37 may modulate the expression of VEGF and c-IAP-2 via HIF-1alpha in human keratinocytes. |
### Instruction:
Are low-plasma insulin-like growth factor-I levels associated with impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in a cohort of untreated , hypertensive Caucasian subjects?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate, for the first time, that low-plasma IGF-I levels are highly associated with reduced endothelial function, an early step in atherogenesis process. |
### Instruction:
Does eRK/p44p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase mediate EGF-stimulated proliferation of conjunctival goblet cells in culture?
### Response:
| EGF stimulated human and rat conjunctival goblet cell proliferation by activating the EGFR. EGFR stimulated ERK causing its biphasic translocation to the nucleus. The second peak response is responsible for cell proliferation, but the role of the first peak is not known. |
### Instruction:
Is lipoprotein ( a ) associated with coronary heart disease independent of metabolic syndrome?
### Response:
| Coronary heart disease likelihood, significantly associated with Lp(a) concentrations, is independent of MS and insulin resistance. Suggestive evidence was provided that intermediary Lp(a) concentrations, when accompanied by the presence of MS, could accelerate progression of vascular disease, especially in women. |
### Instruction:
Do genetic components of the circadian clock regulate thrombogenesis in vivo?
### Response:
| Key components of the molecular clock regulate the response to a thrombogenic stimulus in vivo. Such a phenomenon may interact with environmental variables, and together with the influence of these genes on blood pressure may contribute to the diurnal variation in cardiovascular events observed in humans. |
### Instruction:
Is cholesterol absorption from the intestine a major determinant of reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral tissue macrophages?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that pharmacological and genetic modifiers of cholesterol absorption are major determinants of reverse cholesterol transport from peripheral tissue macrophages. |
### Instruction:
Is angiography indicated for every sentinel bleed after pancreaticoduodenectomy?
### Response:
| Institution of angiography for every detected sentinel bleed after PD enabled us to embolize seven pseudoaneurysms before massive hemorrhage. Most importantly, bleeding-related mortality was significantly less than in the absence of angiography. |
### Instruction:
Does hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha induce the coronary collaterals for coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| These data suggest that higher inductions of HIF-1alpha are associated with coronary collaterals, thus implying that HIF-1alpha may promote coronary collateral formation. Detection of HIF-1alpha expression might be helpful to predict prognosis of patients with coronary artery disease. |
### Instruction:
Does insulin resistance impair rapid virologic response in HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfected patients on peginterferon-alfa-2a?
### Response:
| The homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance score should be evaluated and possibly corrected before starting anti-hepatitis C virus therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is lack of piped water and sewage services associated with pediatric lower respiratory tract infection in Alaska?
### Response:
| Lack of modern water service in Alaska is associated with high pediatric LRI incidence. These communities should receive modern water service, but this intervention alone may not dramatically reduce LRI burden. |
### Instruction:
Does mapping of a novel susceptibility locus suggest a role for MC3R and CTSZ in human tuberculosis?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate how a genomewide approach to the complex phenotype of human tuberculosis can identify novel targets for further research. |
### Instruction:
Does azithromycin improve macrophage phagocytic function and expression of mannose receptor in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate a novel approach to supplement existing therapies in COPD. |
### Instruction:
Do surfactant proteins A and D suppress alveolar macrophage phagocytosis via interaction with SIRP alpha?
### Response:
| SP-A and SP-D tonically inhibit alveolar macrophage phagocytosis by binding SIRP alpha. During acute pulmonary inflammation, defects in apoptotic cell clearance are overcome by recruited mononuclear phagocytes. |
### Instruction:
Are tissue microstructural changes independently associated with cognitive impairment in cerebral amyloid angiopathy?
### Response:
| Mean ADC is independently associated with preintracerebral hemorrhage cognitive impairment in CAA. The lack of correlation with other MRI markers of CAA suggests that mean ADC may be sensitive to distinct aspects of CAA pathology and its tissue consequences. These results suggest that global MRI diffusion changes are sensitive to clinically relevant microstructural alterations and may be useful markers of CAA-related tissue damage. |
### Instruction:
Does diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging allow monitoring of anticancer treatment effects in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas?
### Response:
| DWI can be used as a supplement to morphologic imaging for the evaluation of tumor response to anticancer therapy in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas. As cellular changes are expected to precede morphologic changes in treated tumors, DWI performed at an early stage of fractionated therapy may provide unique prognostic information of its effectiveness. |
### Instruction:
Do transgenic mice expressing the Tyr437His mutant of human myocilin protein develop glaucoma?
### Response:
| Expression of equivalent levels of mutated human or mouse myocilin in the eyes of transgenic mice produce comparable pathologic changes that are similar to those observed in patients with glaucoma. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-10 gene polymorphism ( -1082G/A ) is associate with toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis?
### Response:
| This study suggests that the genotypes related with a low production of IL-10 may be associated with the occurrence of TR. |
### Instruction:
Does a gene set approach for identifying prognostic gene signatures for outcome prediction?
### Response:
| A gene sets approach is an effective method to develop prognostic gene sets to predict patient outcome and to understand the underlying biology of the developed gene set. Using the gene sets approach we identified many prognostic gene sets in breast cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic activation of neutral ceramidase protect beta-cells against cytokine-induced apoptosis?
### Response:
| The N-CDase pathway is active in INS-1 cells, and the chronic activation of N-CDase is involved in the pathological response of beta-cells to cytokines, potentially providing protection against cytokine toxicity. |
### Instruction:
Does bilobalide inhibit 6-OHDA-induced activation of NF-kappaB and loss of dopaminergic neurons in rat substantia nigra?
### Response:
| NF-kappaB activation contributes to the 6-OHDA-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons, and the inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway is likely to be involved in the neuroprotective effect of bilobalide. |
### Instruction:
Does curcumin inhibit cellular cholesterol accumulation by regulating SREBP-1/caveolin-1 signaling pathway in vascular smooth muscle cells?
### Response:
| Curcumin inhibits ox-LDL-induced cholesterol accumulation in cultured VSMC through increasing the caveolin-1 expression via the inhibition of nuclear translocation of SREBP-1. |
### Instruction:
Is downregulation of STEAP4 , a highly-expressed TNF-alpha-inducible gene in adipose tissue , associated with obesity in humans?
### Response:
| STEAP4 was abundantly expressed in human adipose tissue, and the STEAP4 expression was significantly downregulated in obese patients. STEAP4 localized to the plasma membrane of adipocytes, and the STEAP4 expression was induced by TNF-alpha in adipose tissue. These data suggest that STEAP4 may play a significant role in the development of human obesity. |
### Instruction:
Does nitroglycerin enhance proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells via nitric oxide pathway?
### Response:
| NTG stimulates cell proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of HBMSC through a direct release of NO, which is independent on intracellular NOS activity. |
### Instruction:
Does analysis of mRNA transcripts improve the success rate of molecular genetic testing in OTC deficiency?
### Response:
| In patients with a strong suspicion of OTC deficiency despite normal results of sequencing exonic regions of the OTC gene, characterization of liver OTC mRNA is highly effective in resolving the genotype. Liver tissue sampling by needle aspiration allows for both enzymatic analysis and RNA based diagnostics of OTC deficiency. |
### Instruction:
Is mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis associated with type-2 diabetes mellitus?
### Response:
| We found no obvious association of MAP with the incidence of T2DM in Sardinian patients. |
### Instruction:
Is early or advanced stage type 2 diabetes accompanied by in vivo skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction?
### Response:
| The finding that in vivo skeletal muscle oxidative capacity does not differ between long-standing, insulin-treated type 2 diabetes patients, subjects with early stage type 2 diabetes and sedentary, normoglycaemic controls suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction does not necessarily represent either cause or consequence of insulin resistance and/or type 2 diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Are variations in the uncoupling protein-3 gene associated with specific obesity phenotypes?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that genetic variations in the UCP-3 gene are associated with an increase in BMI. A plausible mechanism by which these SNPs lead to an increase in BMI is that due to these SNPs, the UCP-3 activity might be decreased. As a result, uncoupling activity may also decrease, which will lead to an increase in body weight and BMI. |
### Instruction:
Are platelet activating factor-acetylhydrolase ( PAF-AH ) activity and HDL levels , but not PAF-AH gene polymorphisms , associated with successful aging in Sicilian octogenarians?
### Response:
| Our results provide no evidence of a significant association between the PAF-AH gene Arg92His, Ile198Thr and Ala379Val polymorphisms and successful aging in Sicilians. They also emphasize that, in these subjects, aging is characterized by increased levels of PAF-AH activity and HDL-C. |
### Instruction:
Do serum-induced iron-acquisition systems and TonB contribute to virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae causing primary pyogenic liver abscess?
### Response:
| Iron uptake systems were the genes in K. pneumoniae that were highly up-regulated in response to sera. Although there are multiple iron transporter systems in NTUH-K2044, a mutation in all 3 loci (irp2, iuc, and iroA) is necessary to decrease virulence. The tonB mutant is a potential vaccine candidate because it can induce a significant protective immune response against challenge with a wild-type strain. |
### Instruction:
Is sp1 required for glucose-induced transcriptional regulation of mouse vesicular glutamate transporter 2 gene?
### Response:
| We cloned the mouse VGLUT2 promoter and showed a novel molecular mechanism of glucose-induced mVGLUT2 transcription. |
### Instruction:
Is eosinopenia a reliable marker of sepsis on admission to medical intensive care units?
### Response:
| Eosinopenia is a good diagnostic marker in distinguishing between noninfection and infection, but is a moderate marker in discriminating between SIRS and infection in newly admitted critically ill patients. Eosinopenia may become a helpful clinical tool in ICU practices. |
### Instruction:
Does cannabis withdrawal predict severity of cannabis involvement at 1-year follow-up among treated adolescents?
### Response:
| All three definitions of cannabis withdrawal demonstrated some concurrent validity. Only the four-symptom and latent class-derived definitions of withdrawal predicted severity of cannabis-related problems at 1-year follow-up. No cannabis withdrawal definition predicted frequency of use at follow-up. Further research is needed to determine the clinical utility and validity of the four-symptom definition, as well as alternative definitions of cannabis withdrawal, to inform revisions leading to DSM-V and ICD-11. |
### Instruction:
Do inflammatory stimuli accelerate Sjögren 's syndrome-like disease in ( NZB x NZW ) F1 mice?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that generalized inflammatory stimuli can accelerate the development of SS-like disease in (NZB x NZW)F1 mice, and that gland dysfunction in SS can develop prior to the generation of a robust adaptive autoimmune response. |
### Instruction:
Is reciprocal cross-talk between RANKL and interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 responsible for bone-erosive experimental arthritis?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that IP-10 plays a critical role in the infiltration of CD4+ T cells and F4/80+ macrophages into inflamed joints and causes bone destruction. Our results provide the first evidence that IP-10 contributes to the recruitment of inflammatory cells and is involved in bone erosion in inflamed joints. |
### Instruction:
Does genistein inhibit proliferation of human endometrial endothelial cell in vitro?
### Response:
| Genistein at the concentration of 200 micromol/L can sufficiently inhibit the proliferation of HEECs and endometrial glandular epithelium simultaneously in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Does high cholesterol feeding in C57/Blc6 mice alter expression within the VEGF receptor-ligand family in corporal tissue?
### Response:
| Cholesterol feeding in C57BL6 mice results in alterations in the VEGF receptor-ligand family that may initially serve to limit the degree of vascular injury but these adaptations fail with the continuation of cholesterol feeding. |
### Instruction:
Does immature cryopreserved ovary restore puberty and fertility in mice without alteration of epigenetic marks?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that immature ovarian grafting can restore spontaneous puberty and fertility. However, these data suggest that follicle depletion leads to premature ovarian failure. This study addresses the very important epigenetics issue, and provides valuable information to the study of ovarian transplantation suggesting that these procedures do not perturb normal epigenetics marks. These results are highly relevant to the reimplantation question of immature cortex in women. |
### Instruction:
Does utility of spiral and cine CT scan in pediatric patients suspected of aspirating radiolucent foreign bodies?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that CT scans may be used in airway FB management of pediatric patients, especially with diagnostic dilemmas, and further prospective evaluations should be considered to assess its overall efficacy. |
### Instruction:
Is serum retinol binding protein 4 related to insulin resistance and nonoxidative glucose metabolism in lean and obese women with normal glucose tolerance?
### Response:
| Our data indicate that serum RBP4 is related to decreased insulin sensitivity, mostly through its association with nonoxidative glucose metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Are hematological malignancies associated with a lower interferon-a blocking activity than solid tumors?
### Response:
| The fact that IFN inhibitors were detected at a significantly lower percentage in sera from patients with haematological malignancies versus patients with solid tumours, could explain in part the better response of the haematological malignancies to IFN treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does polaprezinc attenuate liver fibrosis in a mouse model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis?
### Response:
| These results suggest that polaprezinc attenuates fibrosis in NASH by reducing inflammation and lipid peroxidation and, during a later phase, promoting fibrolysis via the inhibition of TIMP expression in the liver. Further investigation is required to clarify the clinical efficacy of polaprezinc in patients with NASH. |
### Instruction:
Does anterior uveitis accompany joint disease in a murine model resembling ankylosing spondylitis?
### Response:
| Although these data are preliminary, this model has the potential to clarify the mechanisms accounting for the coexistence of eye and sacroiliac inflammation as occurs in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. |
### Instruction:
Are sepsis syndrome and death in trauma patients associated with variation in the gene encoding tumor necrosis factor?
### Response:
| Common TNF gene variants are associated with sepsis syndrome and death after severe injury. These findings are strongly supported by functional data and may be important for developing preemptive anti-inflammatory interventions in carriers of the risk-associated allele. |
### Instruction:
Does polydeoxyribonucleotide improve angiogenesis and wound healing in experimental thermal injury?
### Response:
| Our study suggests that polydeoxyribonucleotide may be an effective therapeutic approach to improve clinical outcomes after thermal injury. |
### Instruction:
Is rust urine after intense hand drumming caused by extracorpuscular hemolysis?
### Response:
| Taken together, these data confirm that rust urine is caused by extracorpuscular hemolysis. |
### Instruction:
Does globular adiponectin induce platelet activation through the collagen receptor GPVI-Fc receptor gamma chain complex?
### Response:
| We identify gAd as a novel ligand for GPVI that stimulates tyrosine kinase-dependent platelet aggregation. Our data raise the possibility that gAd may promote unwanted platelet activation at sites of vascular injury. |
### Instruction:
Does food-entrained rhythmic expression of PER2 and BMAL1 in murine megakaryocytes correlate with circadian rhythms in megakaryopoiesis?
### Response:
| Normal megakaryopoiesis requires synchrony between food- and light-entrained circadian oscillators. |
### Instruction:
Do lymphoma and leukemia cells possess fractal dimensions that correlate with their biological features?
### Response:
| Hematological cells possess fractal dimensions that correlate with their biological properties. Measurement of fractal dimension seems to be a sensitive method to assess the hematological cell phenotype and to define a clinical group. This tool may be potentially useful for the evaluation of clinical behavior of hematological diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is thymosin beta4 an essential paracrine factor of embryonic endothelial progenitor cell-mediated cardioprotection?
### Response:
| Our findings show that short-term cardioprotection derived by regional application of eEPCs can be attributed, at least in part, to Tbeta4. |
### Instruction:
Are genetic variants at the resistin locus associated with the plasma resistin concentration and cardiovascular risk factors?
### Response:
| The results imply that genetic variation seems to have a role in the determination of plasma resistin level. SNP -420C-C homozygozity status seems to be associated with more deleterious metabolic profile. |
### Instruction:
Does berberine inhibit cyclin D1 expression via suppressed binding of AP-1 transcription factors to CCND1 AP-1 motif?
### Response:
| Berberine suppresses the activity of the AP-1 signaling pathway and decreases the binding of transcription factors to the CCND1 AP-1 motif. This is one of the important mechanisms behind the antitumoral effects of berberine as a regulator of cyclin D1. |
### Instruction:
Does adenovirus-mediated expression of SSAT inhibit colorectal cancer cell growth in vitro?
### Response:
| The successfully constructed recombinant adenovirus Ad-hTERT-SSAT could accelerate polyamine catabolism and inhibit the colorectal cell growth in vitro. It also has therapeutic potential in the treatment of colorectal cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does mitochondrial respiratory complex I regulate neutrophil activation and severity of lung injury?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that mitochondrial complex I plays an important role in modulating Toll-like receptor 4-mediated neutrophil activation and suggest that metformin, as well as other agents that inhibit mitochondrial complex I, may be useful in the prevention or treatment of acute inflammatory processes in which activated neutrophils play a major role, such as acute lung injury. |
### Instruction:
Does insulin-like growth factor-1 improve survival in sepsis via enhanced hepatic bacterial clearance?
### Response:
| These studies show that the decline in IGF-1 levels in sepsis is related to bacterial clearance and that replacement of IGF-1 in a murine model of sepsis improves overall survival. |
### Instruction:
Does vasculature-targeted tumor necrosis factor-alpha increase the therapeutic index of doxorubicin against prostate cancer?
### Response:
| Pre-treatment with NGR-TNF significantly expanded the therapeutic index of doxorubicin in mouse models of hormone-dependent and -independent PC. |
### Instruction:
Does hypertonic resuscitation improve neuronal and behavioral outcomes after traumatic brain injury plus hemorrhage?
### Response:
| : Hypertonic saline and hypertonic l-arginine were both effective at promoting long-term neuronal survival and behavioral recovery. The slightly earlier improvement in Morris water maze performance in the hypertonic l-arginine group warrants further studies to determine whether higher doses of l-arginine provide additional improvement. This study supports the therapeutic benefits of hypertonic resuscitation after TBI plus hemorrhagic hypotension. |
### Instruction:
Do gaseous environments modify physiology in the brewing yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae during batch alcoholic fermentation?
### Response:
| The use of gas led to drastic changes in the cell size, primary energy metabolism and internal redox balance and E(h). These changes were different depending on the gas applied throughout the culture. |
### Instruction:
Does outcomes and presurgery correlate of lumbar discectomy in Utah Workers ' Compensation patients?
### Response:
| Results of this study suggest that compensated back surgery patients are at greater risk for poor lumbar discectomy outcomes than noncompensation patients. Presurgery correlates of poor outcomes may be useful in identifying high-risk compensation patients. |
### Instruction:
Do vascular subcortical hyperintensities predict conversion to vascular and mixed dementia in MCI patients?
### Response:
| The risk of vascular or mixed dementia, but not of other types of dementia, was significantly increased in MCI patients with a large amount of subcortical hyperintensities at baseline. |
### Instruction:
Is toxicity related to autologous peripheral blood haematopoietic progenitor cell infusion associated with number of granulocytes in graft , gender and diagnosis of multiple myeloma?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that beside the infused DMSO dose, the composition of graft as well as patient's diagnosis are also very important factors for infusion-related toxicity. |
### Instruction:
Do men with atherosclerotic stenosis of the carotid artery have lower testosterone levels compared with controls?
### Response:
| This study provides evidence of a positive association between low serum androgen levels and severe ICA atherosclerosis in men. It suggests that higher, but physiological, levels of androgens could have a protective role in the development of atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does letrozole once a week normalize serum testosterone in obesity-related male hypogonadism?
### Response:
| Letrozole 2.5 mg once a week produced a sustained normalization of serum total testosterone in obese men with IHH. However, free testosterone frequently rose to supraphysiological levels. Therefore, a starting dose <2.5 mg once a week is recommended. |
### Instruction:
Are body mass index and ovarian function associated with endocrine and metabolic abnormalities in women with hyperandrogenic syndrome?
### Response:
| In women with hyperandrogenic syndrome, BMI> or =25 kg/m(2) and amenorrhea appear to be associated with severe endocrine and metabolic abnormalities. |
### Instruction:
Is diffuse musculoskeletal pain associated with low vitamin D levels or improved by treatment with vitamin D?
### Response:
| Low vitamin D levels are not associated with diffuse musculoskeletal pain, and treatment with vitamin D does not reduce pain in patients with diffuse pain who have low vitamin D levels. |
### Instruction:
Are maternal smoking habits associated with differences in infants ' long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in whole blood : a case-control study?
### Response:
| Maternal smoking is associated with a reduction in LCPUFA pools in infants, which might have structural and functional consequences. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma levels of myeloperoxidase elevated in patients with stable coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| In conclusion, plasma MPO levels were not elevated in patients with stable CAD, suggesting that systemic release of MPO is not a characteristic feature of asymptomatic CAD. |
### Instruction:
Is ribavirin exposure after the first dose predictive of sustained virological response in chronic hepatitis C?
### Response:
| Ribavirin exposure at D0 is significantly related to SVR. To our knowledge, this is the first study to give an early pharmacokinetic predictor of SVR. We propose a minimum AUC(0-4h) threshold of 1755 microg/hour/L at D0 as a target for ribavirin dose adjustment. |
### Instruction:
Are axon-bearing and axon-less horizontal cell subtypes generated consecutively during chick retinal development from progenitors that are sensitive to follistatin?
### Response:
| The results imply that the axon-bearing and axon-less HC subgroups are defined early and are generated consecutively from a retinal progenitor cell population that is sensitive to the inhibitory action of follistatin. The results are consistent with a model wherein added follistatin causes HC-generating progenitors to proliferate beyond the normal period of HC generation, thus producing extra HCs of both types that migrate to the HC layer. |
### Instruction:
Does nicotinic signaling ameliorate acute bladder inflammation induced by protamine sulfate or cyclophosphamide?
### Response:
| Acutely cyclophosphamide treatment results in a greater frank bladder inflammation model in mice than protamine sulfate. However, cholinergic signaling can inhibit inflammation by either mechanism of induced bladder injury. Interleukin-6 gene expression is present and it can be regulated by afferent neuronal signaling even in the absence of observed histological changes in acute bladder inflammatory models. |
### Instruction:
Does intrathecal glycine significantly decrease the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in rats?
### Response:
| Intrathecal administration of glycine decreases anesthetic requirement This result supports the idea that glycine receptors may be important to the immobilizing effect of anesthetics that enhance glycine receptor function such as isoflurane. |
### Instruction:
Is alveolar macrophage phagocytosis impaired in children with poorly controlled asthma?
### Response:
| AM function is compromised in children with poorly controlled asthma and is characterized by decreased phagocytosis and increased apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Does energy expenditure of submaximal running increase after cycle-run transition?
### Response:
| We suggest that the decrease in RER drop may be a result of greater lipid oxidation as metabolic substrate after cycling exercise. |
### Instruction:
Does plasma C5 glucose-to-2H2O ratio provide an accurate assessment of gluconeogenesis during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps in either nondiabetic or diabetic humans?
### Response:
| Plasma C5 glucose-to-(2)H(2)O ratio does not provide an accurate assessment of gluconeogenesis in nondiabetic or diabetic subjects during a traditional (i.e., 2-3 h) hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. The conclusions of studies that have used this approach need to be reevaluated. |
### Instruction:
Is mAPK kinase kinase-1 essential for cytokine-induced c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB activation in human pancreatic islet cells?
### Response:
| MEKK-1 mediates cytokine-induced JNK- and NF-kappaB activation, and this event is necessary for iNOS expression and cell death. |
### Instruction:
Do contract case managers prove cost effective in federal workers ' compensation programs?
### Response:
| This study of medical case managers demonstrates they can reduce WC costs. |
### Instruction:
Do mDM2 gene SNP309 T/G and p53 gene SNP72 G/C influence diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma onset or survival in central European Caucasians?
### Response:
| In contrast to the previous study on Ashkenazi Jewish Caucasians, DLBCL in pre-menopausal women of central European Caucasian ethnicity was not associated with SNP309 G. Neither SNP309 nor SNP72 seem to be correlated with age of onset, diagnosis, or survival of patients. |
### Instruction:
Are triphalangeal thumb-polysyndactyly syndrome and syndactyly type IV caused by genomic duplications involving the long range , limb-specific SHH enhancer?
### Response:
| Both TPTPS and SD4 are due to duplications involving ZRS, the limb specific SHH enhancer. Point mutations in the ZRS and duplications encompassing the ZRS cause distinctive limb phenotypes. |
### Instruction:
Is drosophila Uri , a PP1alpha binding protein , essential for viability , maintenance of DNA integrity and normal transcriptional activity?
### Response:
| Uri is the first PP1alpha specific binding protein to be described in Drosophila. Uri protein plays a role in transcriptional regulation. Activity of uri is required to maintain DNA integrity and cell survival in normal development. |
### Instruction:
Does myeloproliferative disorder FOP-FGFR1 fusion kinase recruit phosphoinositide-3 kinase and phospholipase Cgamma at the centrosome?
### Response:
| These results delineate a particular type of oncogenic mechanism by which an ectopic kinase recruits its substrates at the centrosome whence unappropriate signaling induces continuous cell growth and MPD. |
### Instruction:
Does hemostatic agent microporous polysaccharide hemospheres ( MPH ) affect healing or intact sinus mucosa?
### Response:
| Absorbable hemostatic materials have starkly different effects on mucosal healing. Unlike other agents, MPH is rapidly cleared and has no negative effects on healing or intact sinus mucosa. |
### Instruction:
Do static electromagnetic fields generated by corrosion currents inhibit human osteoblast differentiation?
### Response:
| Continuous low-intensity electromagnetic field comparable to the one that generates around metal devices because of the generation of corrosion currents inhibits osteoblasts differentiation pattern and might contribute at least in part to a decrease in periprosthetic bone formation occurring in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does grass pollen immunotherapy induce Foxp3-expressing CD4+ CD25+ cells in the nasal mucosa?
### Response:
| The presence of local Foxp3(+)CD25(+)CD3(+) cells in the nasal mucosa, their increased numbers after immunotherapy, and their association with clinical efficacy and suppression of seasonal allergic inflammation support a putative role for Treg cells in the induction of allergen-specific tolerance in human subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does yin-Yang 1 regulate effector cytokine gene expression and T ( H ) 2 immune responses?
### Response:
| These data indicate that YY-1 regulates T-cell cytokine gene expression and allergic immune responses in a gene dose-dependent manner. |
### Instruction:
Is cardiorespiratory capacity associated with favourable cardiovascular risk profile in patients with Type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| Low cardiorespiratory fitness seems to be independently associated with most traditional and emerging cardiovascular risk factors in patients with T2DM. Even a moderate increase of cardiorespiratory fitness exerts beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk profile. |
### Instruction:
Does bolus infusion of human urinary trypsin inhibitor improve intractable interstitial pneumonia in patients with connective tissue diseases?
### Response:
| UT inhibitor bolus infusion therapy is a potentially useful therapeutic strategy for intractable IP based on the different mechanism of action relative to conventional immunosuppressive therapy and lack of serious treatment-related adverse effects. |
### Instruction:
Are blood vessels of human islets of Langerhans surrounded by a double basement membrane?
### Response:
| The present results disclose a hitherto unrecognised BM organisation and adhesion mechanisms in human pancreatic islets as distinct from mouse islets. |
### Instruction:
Are mDM2 SNP 309 and p53 codon 72 polymorphisms associated with the outcome of oral carcinoma patients receiving postoperative irradiation?
### Response:
| Advanced OSCC has high mortality and recurrence. We identified that both MDM2 SNP309 and p53 codon 72 SNP could be useful factors for evaluating the outcome of advanced OSCC treated with adjuvant radiation. |
### Instruction:
Does lovastatin inhibit TGF-beta-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation in human tenon fibroblasts?
### Response:
| Lovastatin inhibits TGF-beta-induced myofibroblast transdifferentiation in human Tenon fibroblasts, most likely by interfering with Rho-signaling. Statins may, therefore, serve to inhibit scarring after filtering glaucoma surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is breast cancer subtype approximated by estrogen receptor , progesterone receptor , and HER-2 associated with local and distant recurrence after breast-conserving therapy?
### Response:
| Overall, the 5-year local recurrence rate after BCT was low, but varied by subtype as approximated using ER, PR, and HER-2 status. Local recurrence was particularly low for the luminal A subtype, but was less than 10% at 5 years for all subtypes. Although further follow-up is needed, these results may be useful in counseling patients about their anticipated outcome after BCT. |
### Instruction:
Does resting magnetocardiography predict 3-year mortality in patients presenting with acute chest pain without ST segment elevation?
### Response:
| Resting MCG at hospital admission predicts 3-year mortality in patients presenting with acute chest pain without ST segment elevation in the ECG. MCG seems to be valuable in identifying chest pain patients at highest risk. |
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