question stringlengths 52 373 | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k |
|---|---|
### Instruction:
Does immunoglobulin-like transcript 3-Fc suppress T-cell responses to allogeneic human islet transplants in hu-NOD/SCID mice?
### Response:
| The data indicated that ILT3-Fc is a potent immunoregulatory agent that suppressed islet allograft rejection in humanized NOD/SCID mice. |
### Instruction:
Is the severity of malarial anaemia in Plasmodium chabaudi infections of BALB/c mice determined independently of the number of circulating parasites?
### Response:
| This work shows that parasite numbers are a more relevant measure of parasite levels in P. chabaudi infection than % parasitaemia, a measure that does not take anaemia into account. The lack of correlation between parasite numbers and the drop in circulating RBCs in this experimental model of malaria support a role for the host response in the impairment or destruction of uninfected RBC in P. chabaudi infections, and thus development of acute anaemia in this malaria model. |
### Instruction:
Does gait reveal bilateral adaptation of motor control in patients with chronic unilateral stroke?
### Response:
| Patients chose their preferred walking velocity using stereotyped, alternative gait patterns, in which the contribution of the NS was larger than that of the AS. Alternative gait patterns may partly demonstrate compensatory behavioral strategies adapted by patients. |
### Instruction:
Does the ABCG2 C421A polymorphism affect oral nitrofurantoin pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese male subjects?
### Response:
| The ABCG2 C421A polymorphism had no effect on nitrofurantoin plasma and urine pharmacokinetic parameters in healthy Chinese subjects. These results indicate that nitrofurantoin is not a suitable clinical probe substrate for assessing BCRP activity. |
### Instruction:
Stenosis carotid artery stenting in high risk patients with carotid artery eligible for endarterectomy : clinical outcome after 5 years?
### Response:
| This study confirms that stent procedures are beneficial for symptomatic carotid stenosis in patients not eligible for surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does overexpression of human truncated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha induce apoptosis in HL-1 cardiomyocytes?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that human truncated PPARalpha overexpression induces apoptosis in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. In addition, our findings suggest that truncated PPARalpha may induce cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the inhibition of the antiapoptotic protein, Bcl-2. It is proposed that competition with CREB for coactivators like CBP could be involved in this inhibitory effect. |
### Instruction:
Does mitochondrial fission mediate high glucose-induced cell death through elevated production of reactive oxygen species?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that the fission-mediated fragmentation of mitochondrial tubules is causally associated with enhanced production of mitochondrial ROS and cardiovascular cell injury in hyperglycaemic conditions. |
### Instruction:
Is distractor P3 associated with attentional capture by stimulus deviance?
### Response:
| Distractor P3 reflects attentional capture by stimulus deviance, rather than cognitive interference with maintaining the standard representation. |
### Instruction:
Does rhythmic arm cycling suppress hyperactive soleus H-reflex amplitude after stroke?
### Response:
| Neural activity related to arm cycling can still access interlimb pathways after stroke and activate spinal control mechanisms leading to suppression of H-reflex amplitudes. |
### Instruction:
Does potassium deficiency result in accumulation of ultra-high molecular weight poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate in a methane-utilizing mixed culture?
### Response:
| Biosynthesis of an ultra-high M(w) PHB in a methane-utilizing mixed culture can be induced by potassium deficiency. |
### Instruction:
Do th2 cytokines associated with chronic rhinosinusitis with polyps down-regulate the antimicrobial immune function of human sinonasal epithelial cells?
### Response:
| Expression of multiple innate immune genes by HSNEC is reduced in CRSwNP. One mechanism appears to be a direct effect of the leukocyte-derived Th2 cytokines present in the sinonasal mucosa in CRSwNP. Impaired mucosal innate immunity may contribute to microbial colonization and abnormal immune responses associated with CRSwNP. |
### Instruction:
Do mesenchymal stem cells enhance bone regeneration in rat calvarial critical size defects more than platelete-rich plasma?
### Response:
| New synthetic bone substitutes may offer a better condition for bone regeneration compared to the traditional bone substitute in combination with mesenchymal stem cells. They remained in the defect and contributed bone regeneration. The use of the mesenchymal stem cell in conjunction with bone substitutes can enhance bone regeneration more than PRP. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of CXCR4 activity with AMD3100 decrease invasion of human colorectal cancer cells in vitro?
### Response:
| The CXCL12/CXCR4 system is an important mediator of proliferation and invasion of CXCR4-expressing colorectal cancer cells. AMD3100 inhibited invasion and metastasis activity of the colorectal cancer cell line SW480 through down-regulation of VEGF and MMP-9 expression. |
### Instruction:
Does cigarette smoke exposure promote arterial thrombosis and vessel remodeling after vascular injury in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice?
### Response:
| Taken together, these findings suggest that cigarette smoking promotes arterial thrombosis and modulates the size and composition of neointimal lesions after arterial injury in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. |
### Instruction:
Do dendritic cell-based vaccines suppress metastatic liver tumor via activation of local innate and acquired immunity?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that unpulsed DC vaccines might serve as an effective therapy for treating metastatic liver tumor, for which TAA has not yet been identified. |
### Instruction:
Does lumbar support for prevention and treatment of low back pain?
### Response:
| There is moderate evidence that lumbar supports are not more effective than no intervention or training in preventing low-back pain, and conflicting evidence whether they are effective supplements to other preventive interventions. It remains unclear whether lumbar supports are more effective than no or other interventions for treating low-back pain. There is still a need for high quality randomized trials on the effectiveness of lumbar supports. One of the most essential issues to tackle in these future trials seems to be the realization of an adequate compliance. Special attention should be paid to different outcome measures, types of patients and types of lumbar support. |
### Instruction:
Is cigarette smoking associated with a greater risk of incident asthma in allergic rhinitis?
### Response:
| The current findings support the hypothesis that cigarette smoking is an important independent risk factor for the development of new asthma cases in adults with allergic rhinitis. |
### Instruction:
Is soy consumption a risk factor for peanut sensitization?
### Response:
| The association between soy consumption and peanut sensitization is not causal but merely a result of preferential use of soy milk in infants with a personal or family history of cow's milk allergy. Future studies should take the confounding effects related to dietary modifications by parents into account when investigating the association between diet and childhood allergic diseases. |
### Instruction:
Are higher doses of lenalidomide associated with unacceptable toxicity including life-threatening tumor flare in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia?
### Response:
| Lenalidomide administered at 25 mg/d in relapsed CLL is associated with unacceptable toxicity; the rapid onset and adverse clinical effects of tumor flare represent a significant limitation of lenalidomide use in CLL at this dose. Drug-associated B-cell activation may contribute to this adverse event. Future studies with lenalidomide in CLL should focus on understanding this toxicity, investigating patients at risk, and investigating alternative safer dosing schedules. |
### Instruction:
Is postoperative peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer cells promoted by carbon-dioxide pneumoperitoneum at low intraperitoneal pressure in a syngenic mouse laparoscopic model with controlled respiratory support : a pilot study?
### Response:
| Postoperative peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer cells is not promoted by a carbon-dioxide pneumoperitoneum with a low IPP in a mouse model with CRS when assessed on postoperative day 14. |
### Instruction:
Is moxifloxacin monotherapy effective in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia : the MOTIV study -- a randomized clinical trial?
### Response:
| Monotherapy with sequential intravenous/oral moxifloxacin was noninferior to treatment with ceftriaxone plus levofloxacin combination therapy in patients with community-acquired pneumonia who required hospitalization. |
### Instruction:
Is iron supplementation of iron-replete Indonesian infants associated with reduced weight-for-age?
### Response:
| In our study, iron supplementation of IR infants affected WAZ adversely, whereas iron supplementation to non-iron-replete infants did not affect growth. These results support a cautious approach to iron supplementation of IR infants. |
### Instruction:
Does ketamine block enhancement of spinal long-term potentiation in chronic opioid treated rats?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that animals treated with long-term opioid show amplification of stimulus-induced central sensitisation compared to opioid naïve animals. Ketamine inhibited the morphine-induced enhancement of LTP, supporting the role of ketamine in prevention of opioid induced hyperalgesia. |
### Instruction:
Does lack of inducible nitric oxide synthases attenuate leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in retinal microcirculation?
### Response:
| A lack of iNOS suppresses leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions in the retinas of mice with EIU. This suggests that iNOS may play a role in the management of patients with uveitis and other inflammatory conditions. |
### Instruction:
Do circulating fibrocytes contribute to the myofibroblast population in proliferative vitreoretinopathy epiretinal membranes?
### Response:
| Circulating fibrocytes may function as precursors of myofibroblasts in PVR membranes. |
### Instruction:
Does organic elemental composition in fingernail plates vary between sexes and changes with increasing age in healthy humans?
### Response:
| Results suggest that the N/S ratio is indicative of sex differences and the C/N ratio of aging in healthy humans. The increasing carbon content with ongoing age could be explained by loss of inorganic material from the nails, followed by a subsequent increase of organic material. The increasing C/N ratio gives evidence that keratin composition changes towards a higher amount of alpha-amino acids with aging. |
### Instruction:
Does insulin resistance predict endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular risk in HIV-infected persons on long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy?
### Response:
| In this HIV cohort on modern highly active antiretroviral therapy with well controlled HIV, there were no significant differences with regard to preclinical markers of cardiovascular disease. Insulin resistance was a strong predictor of impaired brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation and increased carotid intima-media thickness, and may be an important cardiovascular disease risk factor in the HIV population. |
### Instruction:
Is activation of estrogen receptor crucial for resveratrol-stimulating muscular glucose uptake via both insulin-dependent and -independent pathways?
### Response:
| Collectively, these results indicate that ER is a key regulator in RSV-stimulating insulin-dependent and -independent glucose uptake, which might account for the protective effects of RSV on diet-induced insulin resistance syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Does blockade of alpha4 integrin signaling ameliorate the metabolic consequences of high-fat diet-induced obesity?
### Response:
| Alpha4 integrins contribute to the development of HFD-induced insulin resistance by mediating the trafficking of monocytes into adipose tissue; hence, blockade of alpha4 integrin signaling can prevent the development of obesity-induced insulin resistance. |
### Instruction:
Do heterologous microarray experiments allow the identification of the early events associated with potato tuber cold sweetening?
### Response:
| Our Global Match File strategy proved critical for accurately interpretating heterologous datasets, and suggests that similar approaches may be fruitful for other species. Transcript profiling of early events associated with CIS revealed a complex network of events involving sugars, redox and hormone signalling which may be either linked serially or act in parallel. The identification, at a sequence level, of various enzymes long known as having a role in CIS provides molecular tools for further understanding the phenomenon. |
### Instruction:
Are orbital and cranial nerve presentations and sequelae hallmarks of invasive fungal sinusitis caused by Mucor in contrast to Aspergillus?
### Response:
| Patients with acute fulminant IFS present with similar sinus symptoms; however, there is a trend toward a greater prevalence of orbital and neurological symptoms in patients with Mucor versus Aspergillus. Long-term orbital and neurological morbidity is more prevalent in patients with Mucor compared with Aspergillus. These data suggest that the presence of orbital and neurological symptoms at presentation warrants more aggressive surgical intervention because of the likelihood of Mucor. |
### Instruction:
Is alpha2-antiplasmin a critical regulator of angiotensin II-mediated vascular remodeling?
### Response:
| The results show that alpha2-AP is a critical regulator for vascular remodeling by inhibiting p53/p21 pathway, suggesting that alpha2-AP is proposed to be a potential therapeutic target for vascular remodeling. |
### Instruction:
Are blood levels of vitamin C , carotenoids and retinol inversely associated with cataract in a North Indian population?
### Response:
| Inverse associations were found between cataract and blood antioxidants in an antioxidant-depleted study sample. |
### Instruction:
Do lactobacilli antagonize biological effects of enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli in vitro?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that lactobacilli are antagonizing virulence mechanisms of EHEC either by modification of the microenvironment or by interfering with the signalling cascades triggered by the pathogen. |
### Instruction:
Is the efficacy of the inorganic copper-based biocide CuWB50 compromised by hard water?
### Response:
| Hard water adversely affects the biocidal efficacy of CuWB50. |
### Instruction:
Are specific enfuvirtide-associated mutational pathways in HIV-1 Gp41 significantly correlated with an increase in CD4 ( + ) cell count , despite virological failure?
### Response:
| Specific gp41 mutational clusters associated with ENF treatment significantly correlate with increases in CD4(+) cell count. Structural analysis suggests that this immunological gain is associated with mechanisms that act at both the protein level and the RNA level (even under conditions of virological failure). This result may help in the selection of patients who can benefit most from ENF treatment and represents a driving force for the design of the next generation of entry inhibitors. |
### Instruction:
Does the pattern of response to anti-interleukin-1 treatment distinguish two subsets of patients with systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis?
### Response:
| Two subsets of systemic-onset JIA can be identified according to patient response to IL-1 blockade. The 2 subsets appear to be characterized by some distinct clinical features. In vitro secretion of IL-1beta and IL-18 by monocytes from patients with systemic-onset JIA is not increased and is independent of both treatment outcome and disease activity. |
### Instruction:
Does the Retinoic Acid Receptor-alpha mediate human T-cell activation and Th2 cytokine and chemokine production?
### Response:
| These results strongly support a role for RAR-alpha engagement in the regulation of genes and proteins involved with human T cell activation and type 2 cytokine production. |
### Instruction:
Does developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls influence stroke outcome in adult rats?
### Response:
| Our data provide proof of principle that developmental exposures to environmental contaminants influence the response of the adult brain to ischemic injury and thus represent potentially important determinants of stroke susceptibility. |
### Instruction:
Does transformation of human urothelial cells ( UROtsa ) by as and cd induce the expression of keratin 6a?
### Response:
| Our present studies suggest that keratin 6a expression may be a biomarker for malignant urothelial cells that possess an activated EGF and or insulin growth factor pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does ultrasonographic guidance improve the success rate of interscalene brachial plexus blockade?
### Response:
| The use of ultrasound to guide needle placement and monitor the spread of local anesthetic improves the success rate of interscalene brachial plexus block. |
### Instruction:
Does dopamine increase the efficacy of anticancer drugs in breast and colon cancer preclinical models?
### Response:
| Our study shows that dopamine significantly enhances the efficacies of commonly used anticancer drugs and also indicates that an inexpensive drug like dopamine, which is being extensively used in the clinics, might have a role as an antiangiogenic agent for the treatment of breast and colon cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does the IBR5 phosphatase promote Arabidopsis auxin responses through a novel mechanism distinct from TIR1-mediated repressor degradation?
### Response:
| Our genetic and molecular evidence suggests that IBR5 is a phosphatase that promotes auxin responses, including auxin-inducible transcription, differently than the TIR1 auxin receptor and without destabilizing Aux/IAA repressor proteins. Our data are consistent with the possibility that auxin-responsive transcription can be modulated downstream of TIR1-mediated repressor degradation. |
### Instruction:
Does dNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit modulate the stability of c-Myc oncoprotein?
### Response:
| A suitable DNA-PKcs level in cells is necessary for maintaining genomic stability, while abnormal overexpression of DNA-PKcs may contribute to cell proliferation and even oncogenic transformation by stabilizing the c-Myc oncoprotein via at least the Akt/GSK3 pathway. Our results suggest DNA-PKcs a novel biological role beyond its DNA repair function. |
### Instruction:
Do urinary biomarkers predict brain tumor presence and response to therapy?
### Response:
| We report, for the first time, the identification of a panel of urinary biomarkers that predicts the presence of brain tumors. These biomarkers correlate with presence of disease, decrease with treatment, and can be tracked from source tissue to urine. These data support the hypothesis that urinary MMPs and associated proteins are useful predictors of the presence of brain tumors and may provide a basis for a novel, noninvasive method to identify new brain tumors and monitor known tumors after treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does brain hyperthermia after traumatic brain injury reduce brain oxygen?
### Response:
| In this clinical study, hyperthermia does not seem to reduce BtO2 or increase the number of episodes of brain tissue hypoxia in patients with severe TBI. These results suggest that hyperthermia may worsen outcome after TBI through mechanisms that may be separate from compromised brain oxygen. |
### Instruction:
Is ascaris lumbricoides-induced interleukin-10 associated with atopy in schoolchildren in a rural area of the tropics?
### Response:
| The results of this study do not support the notion that IL-10 plays a role in modulating atopy in children living in a tropical area where intestinal helminth infections are endemic. |
### Instruction:
Do oseltamivir prophylactic regimens prevent H5N1 influenza morbidity and mortality in a ferret model?
### Response:
| An increased dose of oseltamivir or twice-daily administration effectively protects ferrets against morbidity and mortality caused by H5N1 infection and does not interfere with the development of protective antibodies against subsequent H5N1 infection. |
### Instruction:
Is surgeon experience strongly associated with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy for all preoperative risk categories?
### Response:
| Cancer control after radical prostatectomy improves with increasing surgeon experience irrespective of patient risk. Excellent rates of cancer control in patients with low risk disease treated by the most experienced surgeons suggest that the primary reason that recurrence develops in such patients is inadequate surgical technique. The results have significant implications for clinical care. |
### Instruction:
Is gLP-1 ( 9-36 ) amide , cleavage product of GLP-1 ( 7-36 ) amide , a glucoregulatory peptide?
### Response:
| We conclude that GLP-1m potently inhibits HGP and is a weak insulinotropic agent. These properties are particularly apparent and pronounced in obese but only become apparent in lean subjects during GLP-1 (7-36) receptor blockade. These previously unrecognized antidiabetogenic actions of GLP-1m may have therapeutic usefulness. |
### Instruction:
Does small molecular inhibitor of transforming growth factor-beta protect against development of radiation-induced lung injury?
### Response:
| SM16 at a dose of 0.15 g/kg reduced functional lung damage, morphologic changes, inflammatory response, and activation of TGF-beta at 26 weeks after RT. The data suggest a dose response and also suggest the superiority of long-term vs. short-term dosing. |
### Instruction:
Does low-dose radiation potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of folate receptor-targeted hapten therapy?
### Response:
| These results suggest that simultaneous treatment with FTHI and radiation therapy can enhance systemic antitumor activity in tumor-bearing mice. |
### Instruction:
Is twin pregnancy , contrary to consensus , a desirable outcome in infertility?
### Response:
| For infertile patients who want more than one child, twin deliveries represent a favorable and cost-effective treatment outcome that should be encouraged, in contrast to the current medical consensus. |
### Instruction:
Does dust mite exposure modify the effect of functional IL10 polymorphisms on allergy and asthma exacerbations?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that dust mite allergen levels modify the effect of IL10 SNPs on allergy and asthma exacerbations and may partly explain conflicting findings in this field. |
### Instruction:
Is a polymorphic variant of the endoglin gene associated with increased risk for intracranial aneurysms in a Korean population?
### Response:
| The rs1800956 (G/C transversion with D366H substitution, National Center for Biotechnology Information SNP database) of endoglin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of IAs in the Korean population. However, the in/del of intron 7 was not associated with an increased risk for IAs, which is consistent with the findings of previous reports. |
### Instruction:
Does delayed umbilical cord clamping at birth have effects on arterial and venous blood gases and lactate concentrations?
### Response:
| Persistent cord pulsations and delayed cord clamping at birth result in significantly different measured values of cord blood acid-base parameters. |
### Instruction:
Does new onset depression following myocardial infarction predict cardiac mortality?
### Response:
| We have shown increased cardiac mortality in patients who develop depression after suffering MI. Further observational studies need to separate pre- and post-MI depression if we are to determine underlying mechanisms by which depression is associated with mortality following MI. |
### Instruction:
Is tNF-alpha an independent serum marker for proliferative retinopathy in type 1 diabetic patients?
### Response:
| The association between TNF-alpha and PDR in type 1 diabetic patients suggests that inflammation might play a role in the pathogenesis of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. |
### Instruction:
Do cisplatin and dimethyl sulfoxide react to form an adducted compound with reduced cytotoxicity and neurotoxicity?
### Response:
| From this work, we conclude that dissolving cisplatin in DMSO results in formation of an adducted compound with different therapeutic and biological characteristics. Furthermore, future studies which propose using DMSO in combination with cisplatin for chemotherapeutic treatment in patients must be reconsidered. Due to the rapidity and nature of the reaction, DMSO and cisplatin should not be combined for patient treatment. |
### Instruction:
Are intra-abdominal fat and metabolic syndrome associated with larger infrarenal aortic diameters in patients with clinically evident arterial disease?
### Response:
| Intra-abdominal fat accumulation and metabolic syndrome are associated with larger infrarenal aortic diameters in patients with clinically evident arterial disease. These data may indicate a role for intra-abdominal fat in the development of larger aortic diameters. |
### Instruction:
Do hemodialysis dialyzers contribute to contamination of air microemboli that bypass the alarm system in the air trap?
### Response:
| Data indicate that the air trap does not prevent air microemboli from entering the venous outlet part of the dialysis tubing (entry to the patient). More extended priming of the dialysis circuit may reduce the extent of microemboli that originate from dialysis filters. A wet filter may be favorable instead of dry-steam sterilized filters. |
### Instruction:
Are serum levels of the advanced glycation end products Nepsilon-carboxymethyllysine and pentosidine influenced by treatment with the angiotensin receptor II type 1 blocker irbesartan in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy and hypertension?
### Response:
| Irbesartan did not alter the increase in pentosidine and CML in serum of type 2 diabetic patients with progressive nephropathy. This finding suggests that angiotensin receptor blockade alone is insufficient to reduce serum levels of AGEs in diabetic nephropathy. |
### Instruction:
Are iL-1 and iNOS gene expression and NO synthesis in the superior region of meniscal explants dependent on the magnitude of compressive strains?
### Response:
| These data suggest that meniscectomies which reduce the surface area of the meniscus by 30-60% will increase the catabolic activity of the meniscus which may contribute to the progression of OA. |
### Instruction:
Is bone formation during distraction osteogenesis dependent on both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 signaling?
### Response:
| Both VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 are functionally essential in blood vessel and bone formation during DO and are needed to promote osteogenic over chondrogenic lineage progression. |
### Instruction:
Is gain of the 3q26 region in cervicovaginal liquid-based pap preparations associated with squamous intraepithelial lesions and squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| FISH can be performed on cervicovaginal liquid-based preparations to detect gain of 3q26. Gain of 3q26 is associated with HSIL and SCCA. This test may be an adjunct to cytology screening, especially high-risk patients. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous iron attenuate postvaccination anti-HBsAg titres after quadruple hepatitis B vaccination in dialysis patients with erythropoietin therapy?
### Response:
| The levels of anti-HBsAg after hepatitis B vaccination are positively correlated with the dose of rHuEPO treatment during the vaccinated period among ESRD patients without i.v. iron supplementation. Also, i.v. iron negatively impacts the responsiveness of anti-HBsAg titre after hepatitis B vaccination in ESRD patients who have undergone rHuEPO therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is rex1/Zfp42 dispensable for pluripotency in mouse ES cells?
### Response:
| Rex1 should be regarded just as a marker of pluripotency without functional significance like the activity of alkaline phosphatase. |
### Instruction:
Does acute elevation of plasma PLTP activity strongly increase pre-existing atherosclerosis?
### Response:
| In conclusion, acute elevation of PLTP activity destabilizes atherosclerotic lesions and aggravates pre-existing atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Do oxidative stress and COX cause hyper-responsiveness in vascular smooth muscle of the femoral artery from diabetic rats?
### Response:
| Chronic diabetes and the resulting increased oxidative stress activate the production of COX-derived vasoconstrictor prostanoids causing hypersensitivity of vascular smooth muscle. |
### Instruction:
Do standard antiepileptic drugs fail to block epileptiform activity in rat organotypic hippocampal slice cultures?
### Response:
| We present a simple to establish in vitro model of tonic-clonic SLEs that is a priori pharmacoresistant and thus has an advantage over animal models of pharmacoresistant seizures in which responders and non-responders can be sorted out only after an experiment. OHSCs could be suitable for exploring mechanisms of pharmacoresistant seizures and be used for the identification of new anticonvulsive compounds eventually effective in drug refractory epilepsy. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic heart rate reduction by ivabradine prevent endothelial dysfunction in dyslipidaemic mice?
### Response:
| Selective heart rate reduction with ivabradine limits cardiac dysfunction and prevents the renovascular and cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction associated with dyslipidaemia. |
### Instruction:
Is bone morphogenetic protein signalling required for the anti-mitogenic effect of the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 on colon cancer cells?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that inhibition of proteasome suppresses the proliferation of colon cancer cells via activation of BMP signalling. They also demonstrate a novel aspect of proteasome function in the regulation of colon cancer cell proliferation. |
### Instruction:
Does triiodothyronine stimulate hepatocyte proliferation in two models of impaired liver regeneration?
### Response:
| These findings show in principle that mitogen-induced hyperplasia could be applied to human therapy in patients with reduced regenerative capacity or massive loss of hepatocytes. |
### Instruction:
Do human adipose tissue stromal vascular fraction cells differentiate depending on distinct types of media?
### Response:
| Here, we show that differentiation of SVF cells to endothelial cells or adipocyte-like cells depended on the medium used. Our work provides a clear model for analysing the differentiation capacity of SVF cells. |
### Instruction:
Is ratio of Wnt3a to BMP4 doses critical to their synergistic effects on proliferation of differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells?
### Response:
| Relative ratio of Wnt3a to BMP4 doses is critical to their synergistic effect on differentiating mESC proliferation, which may work through PI-3K, p38, ERK1/2 and JNK pathways. |
### Instruction:
Is inflammatory corneal ( lymph ) angiogenesis blocked by VEGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZK 261991 , resulting in improved graft survival after corneal transplantation?
### Response:
| Tyrosine kinase inhibitors blocking VEGF receptors are potent inhibitors not only of inflammatory corneal hemangiogenesis but also lymphangiogenesis in vivo. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors seem to have the ability to restrain the formation of the afferent and efferent arm of the immune reflex arc and are therefore able to promote graft survival after corneal transplantation. |
### Instruction:
Does creatine monohydrate attenuate body fat accumulation in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during maintenance chemotherapy?
### Response:
| Children with ALL treated with corticosteroids as part of a maintenance protocol of chemotherapy showed an increase in % BF that was attenuated by CrM supplementation. |
### Instruction:
Does topical application of statin affect bone healing around implants?
### Response:
| Our histomorphometrical and mechanical evaluations revealed the positive effect of topically applied fluvastatin on the bone around the implant. |
### Instruction:
Is smoking behavior among former tuberculosis patients in Indonesia : intervention needed?
### Response:
| Physicians and DOTS providers should be actively involved in smoking cessation activities among TB and ex-TB patients. Based on these data, the Quit Tobacco Indonesia Project is mounting a pilot intervention to train DOTS providers, who are mostly family members of patients, to deliver smoking cessation messages and reinforce the cessation advice provided by physicians during and following TB treatment. |
### Instruction:
Are arterial blood gas derangement and level of comorbidity predictors of long-term mortality of COPD patients treated with mechanical ventilation?
### Response:
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients treated with invasive mechanical ventilation have substantial long-term mortality. Neither the levels of arterial blood gas values measured immediately before invasive mechanical ventilation was initiated nor the burden of comorbidity were strong determinants of long-term mortality among these patients. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-6 receptor superantagonist Sant7 inhibit TGF-beta-induced proliferation of human lung fibroblasts?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that, in HLFs derived from patients with ILDs, the proliferative mechanisms activated by TGF-beta1 are at least in part mediated by an increased release of IL-6, leading to phosphorylation-dependent MAPK activation. Such preliminary findings may thus open new therapeutic perspectives for fibrogenic ILDs, based on inhibition of signal transduction pathways stimulated by the IL-6 receptor. |
### Instruction:
Does extracellular heat shock protein 70 inhibit tumour necrosis factor-alpha induced proinflammatory mediator production in fibroblast-like synoviocytes?
### Response:
| Extracellular HSP70 has an anti-inflammatory effect on RA by downregulating production of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes, which is mediated through inhibited activation of the MAPKs and NF-kappaB signal pathways. |
### Instruction:
Does doxycycline treatment of Brugia malayi-infected persons reduce microfilaremia and adverse reactions after diethylcarbamazine and albendazole treatment?
### Response:
| A 6-week course of doxycycline, either alone or in combination with diethylcarbamazine-albendazole, leads to a decrease in microfilaremia and reduces adverse reactions to antifilarial treatment in B. malayi-infected persons. |
### Instruction:
Do raisins and additional walking have distinct effects on plasma lipids and inflammatory cytokines?
### Response:
| This research shows that simple lifestyle modifications such as adding raisins to the diet or increasing steps walked have distinct beneficial effects on CVD risk. |
### Instruction:
Is arterial blood lactate a useful guide to when rehabilitation should be instigated in COPD?
### Response:
| In daily clinical practice, a 0.5 mmol/L or greater increase in lactate from baseline to post-12-min walk test may be utilized as an index to determine when COPD patients should start rehabilitation, or to assess muscle alterations in the lower extremities in COPD patients undergoing rehabilitation. |
### Instruction:
Does hypertensive response with exercise increase the prevalence of abnormal Tc-99m SPECT stress perfusion images?
### Response:
| A hypertensive BP response to exercise is not associated with increased rates of ischemic ECG changes, higher-risk Duke treadmill scores, greater degrees of abnormal MPI or worse clinical outcome. |
### Instruction:
Does high-dose atorvastatin negatively influence clinical outcomes among clopidogrel treated acute coronary syndrome patients -- a Pravastatin or Atorvastatin Evaluation and Infection Therapy-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 22 ( PROVE IT-TIMI 22 ) analysis?
### Response:
| In conclusion, the beneficial affects of atorvastatin 80 mg in reducing the primary end point at 2 years is independent of coadministration with clopidogrel. |
### Instruction:
Is left ventricular remodeling associated with the severity of mitral regurgitation after inaugural anterior myocardial infarction -- optimal timing for echocardiographic imaging?
### Response:
| After an inaugural anterior MI, MR is associated with LV remodeling and adverse clinical outcome. For prognostic purpose, the optimal timing for assessing MR is the chronic post-MI stage rather than the early post-MI period. |
### Instruction:
Does selective activation of muscle and skin nociceptors trigger exaggerated sympathetic responses in spinal-injured subjects?
### Response:
| While hypertonic saline injected into muscle or skin induces strong pain, cutaneous vasoconstriction and sweat release in able-bodied subjects, we saw no evidence of exaggerated sympathoexcitation when these same noxious stimuli were delivered below lesion in subjects with SCI. This suggests that certain types of somatic noxious input may not trigger autonomic dysreflexia, and questions the concept that any painful stimuli originating below lesion can reliably trigger dysreflexia. |
### Instruction:
Are multiple gene polymorphisms in the complement factor h gene associated with exudative age-related macular degeneration in chinese?
### Response:
| The findings support prior evidence that the CFH gene is one of the AMD-associated genes. There is a different distribution pattern of CFH variants in the Chinese compared with other populations. Individual SNP and haplotype analyses revealed that the ancient alleles at the 5' end of CFH contribute to an increased susceptibility to exudative AMD. |
### Instruction:
Does use of the ThinPrep Imaging System alter the frequency of interpreting Papanicolaou tests as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance?
### Response:
| Use of the ThinPrep Imaging System did not appreciably change ASC-US rates or follow-up reflex HPV test results in our laboratory. This demonstrates that the benefits of automated screening may be obtained without increasing the rate of referral to colposcopy for ASC-US follow-up. |
### Instruction:
Does acoustic attenuation by contrast agent microbubbles in superficial tissue markedly diminish petechiae bioeffects in deep tissue?
### Response:
| Acoustic attenuation by MBs in skin markedly reduces petechiae creation in deep muscle. Petechiae inhibition is dependent on [MB]2.1 and, therefore, dominates the otherwise proportional relationship between petechiae and [MB] in muscle. The drop of peak-negative pressure below a critical microvessel rupturing threshold is the probable mechanism for petechiae inhibition. These results indicate that high MB doses could, paradoxically, reduce the potential for petechiae creation and may have important bearing on the design of contrast ultrasound-based therapeutics. |
### Instruction:
Are hand function tests important and sensitive tools for assessment of treatment response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Patients with advanced RA attained considerable improvement in hand function that was only partly reflected by measures of general disability and disease activity. Focused assessment of hand function is therefore important for optimal evaluation of treatment response. |
### Instruction:
Are treatment expectancy and credibility associated with the outcome of both physical and cognitive-behavioral treatment in chronic low back pain?
### Response:
| Although the associations found were low to modest, these results underscore the importance of expectancy and credibility for the outcome of different active interventions for CLBP and might contribute to the development of more effective treatments. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Validity of information relevant to research in routine medication claim data from 2000 to 2006 ]?
### Response:
| The accuracy of variables analysed in this study is very good for those which are immediately related to the flow of money in German out-patient medication claims data. Recording of dates of prescription and dispensing are fairly good quality. |
### Instruction:
Does innovative web-based multimedia curriculum improve cardiac examination competency of residents?
### Response:
| A Web-based interactive educational program with minimal hospitalist involvement led to significant improvement in CE competence and was better than clinical training alone. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Recurrence of Crohn 's disease after surgery -- cause and risks ]?
### Response:
| On the basis of defined risk factors, patients with a high risk for recurrence can be identified. This is very important because of the higher risk for complications caused by reoperations compared to primary procedures. That is why interdisciplinary cooperation including postoperative care and optimal conservative treatment are absolutely essential. |
### Instruction:
Do hepatic macrophages promote the neutrophil-dependent resolution of fibrosis in repairing cholestatic rat livers?
### Response:
| We conclude that the macrophage population is not directly involved in fibrotic liver repair. Rather, hepatic macrophages regulate the influx of neutrophils, which may play a direct role in matrix degradation. |
### Instruction:
Does therapeutic hypothermia with a novel surface cooling device improve neurologic outcome after prolonged cardiac arrest in swine?
### Response:
| The Life Recovery Systems' ThermoSuit System rapidly and safely induced mild therapeutic hypothermia. Hypothermia improved neurologic outcome in swine after cardiac arrest as compared with normothermia. Further studies are warranted to compare the device with established cooling methods. |
### Instruction:
Does differential gene profiling in acute lung injury identify injury-specific gene expression?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate the application of functional genomics to the molecular "fingerprinting" of acute lung injury and the potential for decoupling biophysical from biochemical injury. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.