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### Instruction: Is obstacle crossing with dual tasking a danger for individuals with Alzheimer 's disease and for healthy older people? ### Response:
The behavior of the healthy elderly subjects and individuals with AD was similar for obstacle crossing during walking with dual tasking. Both groups used the "posture first" strategy to prioritize stability and showed decreased attention to executive tasking while walking. Additionally, AD had a strong influence on the modifications that are made by the elderly while walking under different walking conditions.
### Instruction: Does telecytopathology for on-site adequacy evaluation decrease the nondiagnostic rate in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of pancreatic lesions? ### Response:
Telecytopathology on-site evaluation of EUS-FNA of pancreatic lesions reduces the nondiagnostic rate, especially in lesions with solid characteristics, and may serve as an effective substitute for on-site evaluation by a cytopathologist.
### Instruction: Is seasonal variation of serum KL-6 concentrations greater in patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis? ### Response:
HP should be considered in ILD with greater seasonal changes in serum KL-6 concentrations.
### Instruction: Does automated auditory mismatch negativity paradigm improve coma prognostic accuracy after cardiac arrest and therapeutic hypothermia? ### Response:
This automated ADP significantly improves early coma prognostic accuracy after cardiac arrest and therapeutic hypothermia. The progression of auditory discrimination is strongly predictive of favorable recovery and appears complementary to existing prognosticators of poor outcome. Before routine implementation, validation on larger cohorts is warranted.
### Instruction: Does data-driven modeling of sleep EEG and EOG reveal characteristics indicative of pre-Parkinson 's and Parkinson 's disease? ### Response:
The topics showed visual accordance with the manually scored sleep stages, and the features revealed sleep characteristics containing information indicative of neurodegeneration.
### Instruction: Do pre-plan parameters predict post-implant D90 ≥ 140 Gy for ( 125 ) I permanent prostate implants? ### Response:
Higher occupancy proportion and larger margins anteriorly and reduced occupancy proportion, and smaller margins posteriorly on PPI pre-plans predict post-implant D90 ≥ 140 Gy.
### Instruction: Does proteome analysis reveal roles of L-DOPA in response to oxidative stress in neurons? ### Response:
Oxidative stress changes neuronal metabolic routes and affects cytoskeletal integrity. Further, L-DOPA appears to reverse some H2O2-mediated effects evident at both the proteome and cellular level.
### Instruction: Do morbidity of early spine surgery in the multiply injured patient? ### Response:
The results indicate that published criteria defining a borderline unstable patient may have a role in predicting increased morbidity of early spine surgery. The perceived benefits of early intervention should be weighed against the greater risks of performing extensive spinal surgeries on multiply injured patients in the early post-injury period, especially in the setting of combat trauma.
### Instruction: Does peroxiredoxin II negatively regulate lipopolysaccharide-induced osteoclast formation and bone loss via JNK and STAT3? ### Response:
We suggest that PrxII could be useful in the development of a novel target for inflammatory bone loss.
### Instruction: Is response to chemotherapy related to chromosome instability in synovial sarcoma? ### Response:
The absence of significant association between response to chemotherapy and genomic complexity suggests that the prognostic value of chromosome instability in SS is independent of response to chemotherapy; mechanisms leading to metastatic relapse of SS are intrinsic to the biology of the tumor and current cytotoxic drugs are only poorly efficient to prevent it.
### Instruction: Do the relationship between labour market categories and alcohol use trajectories in midlife? ### Response:
Being employed is a strong determinant of alcohol use for men and women in midlife, making the workplace a good target for health promotion programmes and policies aimed at reducing alcohol use. Caution is needed when interpreting the health effects of alcohol consumption as low alcohol users may have previously been heavy drinkers.
### Instruction: Does proteomics reveal potential non-neuronal cholinergic receptor-effectors in endothelial cells? ### Response:
A set of proteins differentially expressed in endothelial cells in response to cholinergic agonists may have important implications for the downstream biological effects of NNAS.
### Instruction: Are school hygiene and deworming key protective factors for reduced transmission of soil-transmitted helminths among schoolchildren in Honduras? ### Response:
Poverty-reduction strategies will ultimately lead to sustainable control of STH infections in Honduras, but as shorter-term measures, uninterrupted bi-annual deworming treatment paired with improvements in school sanitary conditions may result in significant reductions of STH prevalence among Honduran schoolchildren.
### Instruction: Does chilling acclimation provide immunity to stress by altering regulatory networks and inducing genes with protective functions in cassava? ### Response:
Our study revealed, for the first time, the molecular basis of chilling acclimation, and showed potential regulation role of microRNA in chilling response and acclimation in Euphorbia.
### Instruction: Is aKAP9 a genetic modifier of congenital long-QT syndrome type 1? ### Response:
AKAP9 has been identified as an LQTS-type 1-modifying gene. Variants investigated altered heart rate-corrected QT interval irrespective of mutation status, as well as cardiac event risk, and disease severity, in mutation carriers.
### Instruction: Does periodontitis in rats induce systemic oxidative stress that is controlled by bone-targeted antiresorptives? ### Response:
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that the increased oxidative stress induced by periodontal infection in rats can be ameliorated by bone-targeted antiresorptives.
### Instruction: Are fibular axes a reliable landmark for tibial mechanical axes of osteoarthritic knees that underwent total knee arthroplasty? ### Response:
The angle between the tibial mechanical and fibular shaft axes differed among patients, independent of patient-specific factors, and did not appear to be a reliable intra-operative landmark. Surgeons should use values from individual pre-operative evaluations of the axis as reference for conventional TKA.
### Instruction: Do adult mouse subventricular zones stimulate glioblastoma stem cells specific invasion through CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling? ### Response:
Taken together, these data demonstrate the significant role of the CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling in this original model of brain cancer invasion.
### Instruction: Does chronic aerobic exercise improve blood pressure dipping status in African American nondippers? ### Response:
This study suggests that the nondipping pattern of ambulatory BP can be improved by chronic AEXT in African American nondippers, regardless of a change in the 24-h average BP. This finding may be clinically important because of the target organ implication of nondipping nocturnal BP.
### Instruction: Is transfemoral aortic valve implantation of Edwards SAPIEN XT without predilatation feasible? ### Response:
TAVI without predilatation using the transfemoral Edwards SAPIEN XT valve is feasible and safe. Larger studies are required to further evaluate this approach.
### Instruction: Do human papillomavirus 16/18 E7 viral loads predict distant metastasis in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma? ### Response:
Among OSCC patients, high HPV 16/18 E7 viral load identifies a small subgroup of patients at high-risk of 5-year DM and suggest the need for more intensive treatments and follow-up strategies.
### Instruction: Are beneficial effects of soy supplementation on postmenopausal atherosclerosis dependent on pretreatment stage of plaque progression? ### Response:
The results suggest that significant atheroprotective benefits of dietary soy are derived from treatment that begins premenopausally and continues postmenopausally or from treatment that is started during early postmenopause (when plaques are still small).
### Instruction: Are variations in glomerular filtration rate associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy postmenopausal women? ### Response:
A mild decrease in renal function within normal limits of GFR is independently associated with the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis in a sample of apparently healthy young postmenopausal women. Assessment of GFR using creatinine (vs cystatin C) levels is a more sensitive marker of its association with IMT and atherosclerotic plaques in this postmenopausal population.
### Instruction: Does increasing angulation decrease measured aortic stent graft pullout forces? ### Response:
This study reports for the first time the change in pullout force with angulation, showing a general pullout force decrease with increasing angle. With a larger number of samples than in previous studies, our results provide updated benchmark data that can be used for clinical discussions, computational and experimental studies, and future device design.
### Instruction: Do myofibroblasts from salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinomas promote cancer invasion by expressing MMP2 and CXCL12? ### Response:
This study demonstrated the presence of myofibroblasts in ACC. Myofibroblasts might be related to the aggressive growth behaviour of ACC, owing to their high levels of expression of MMP2 and CXCL12.
### Instruction: Is the macrophage activation marker sCD163 associated with changes in NAFLD and metabolic profile during lifestyle intervention in obese children? ### Response:
sCD163 was associated with markers of liver injury and metabolic parameters in obese children, and changes in these parameters during lifestyle intervention. This may suggest that activated macrophages play a role in NAFLD and sCD163 may serve as a marker of liver disease severity and treatment effect.
### Instruction: Does vitamin D reverse aPL-induced inflammation and LMWH-induced sFlt-1 release by human trophoblast? ### Response:
LMWH in combination with vitamin D may be more beneficial than single-agent therapy by preventing aPL-induced trophoblast inflammation and reversing LMWH-induced sFlt-1 secretion.
### Instruction: Does dkk-1-mediated inhibition of Wnt signaling in bone ameliorate osteoarthritis in mice? ### Response:
Wnt activation in OA affects the whole joint, particularly bone. Selective inhibition of this pathway in bone by Dkk-1 decreased OA severity through VEGF inhibition.
### Instruction: Is clinical Assessment of Fluid Balance Incomplete for Colorectal Surgical Patients? ### Response:
The accordance between cumulated fluid balance and body weight change for colorectal surgical patients is relatively good for the first four postoperative days, however, with large uncertainty, whereas on the fifth and sixth postoperative day, the discrepancy is statistically and clinically significant. The fluid chart cannot stand alone in interpretation of the patient's fluid balance; body weight and clinical judgment is indispensable.
### Instruction: Do increased insomnia symptoms predict the onset of back pain among employed adults? ### Response:
Insomnia appears to be a risk factor in the development of back pain in healthy individuals. However, no evidence of reverse causation was found.
### Instruction: Does diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging indicate the severity of acute pancreatitis? ### Response:
DW-MRI was a compatible and safe image option to differentiate tissue image patterns in patients with mAP, nAP, and nP, mainly in those with contraindications to contrast-enhanced MRI (which is classically required for determining the presence of necrosis) or computed tomography. ADC measures allowed precise differentiation between patterns 1, 2, and 3.
### Instruction: Is callus formation related to the expression ratios of estrogen receptors-alpha and -beta in ovariectomy-induced osteoporotic fracture healing? ### Response:
We conclude that the delayed healing rate and impaired callus quality in OVX-induced osteoporotic fracture is related to the delayed expression of ERs. A high ER-α:ER-β ratio favors callus formation.
### Instruction: Do angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers suppress neointimal hyperplasia after stent implantation in carotid arteries of hypercholesterolemic rabbits? ### Response:
This study suggested that systemic administration of an ARB suppressed neointimal hyperplasia in the carotid artery following stent implantation by the anti-inflammatory effects, although the animal cohort tested was rather small. This finding implies that ARBs may be useful and practical agents for protection against in-stent restenosis in humans, and warrants further basic and clinical studies.
### Instruction: Does aberrant methylation of PCDH10 predict worse biochemical recurrence-free survival in patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy? ### Response:
Our results indicate that PCDH10 methylation in prostate cancer tissue is an independent prognostic biomarker of worse BCR-free survival of patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy.
### Instruction: Does κ-Opioid receptor mediate the antinociceptive effect of nitrous oxide in mice? ### Response:
Our study suggests that N2O demonstrates its antinociceptive action and reduces sevoflurane MAC in mice through KOP activation, whereas its hypnotic potency is not dependent on KOP activation.
### Instruction: Does inhibition of notch signaling in combination with Paclitaxel reduce platinum-resistant ovarian tumor growth? ### Response:
Inhibiting the Notch signaling cascade with a GSI reduces primary human xenograft growth in vivo. GSI synergized with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy only in the platinum-resistant OvCa models with single agent paclitaxel. These findings suggest inhibition of the Notch pathway in concert with taxane therapy may hold promise for treatment of platinum-resistant OvCa.
### Instruction: Does tannic acid label indicate abnormal cell development coinciding with regeneration of renal tubules? ### Response:
The actual data show that development of abnormal cell features must be taken into account, when regeneration of renal tubules is simulated under in vitro conditions.
### Instruction: Does endoplasmic reticulum stress activate the hepatic activator protein 1 complex via mitogen activated protein kinase-dependent signaling pathways? ### Response:
ER stress activates the hepatic AP-1 complex via MAPK-dependent signaling pathways. ER stress-induced activation of Fos-related components is dependent primarily on ERK activation whereas ER stress-induced activation of Jun-related components is dependent primarily on JNK activation, although there is interplay between these regulatory pathways. These data implicate a novel signaling pathway by which sustained ER stress, as observed in many chronic liver diseases, may promote hepatic carcinogenesis.
### Instruction: Is iPS cell-derived cardiogenicity hindered by sustained integration of reprogramming transgenes? ### Response:
A disproportionate stemness load, caused by integrated transgenes, affects the cardiogenic competency of iPS cells. Offload of transgenes in engineered iPS cells ensures integrity of cardiac developmental programs, underscoring the value of nonintegrative nuclear reprogramming for derivation of competent cardiogenic regenerative biologics.
### Instruction: Does heme-iron utilization by Leptospira interrogans require a heme oxygenase and a plastidic-type ferredoxin-NADP ( + ) reductase? ### Response:
Heme-iron scavenging by LepHO in L. interrogans requires only LepFNR as redox partner. Thus, we report a new substrate of ferredoxin-NADP(+) reductases different to ferredoxin and flavodoxin, the only recognized protein substrates of this flavoenzyme to date. The results presented here uncover a fundamental step of heme degradation in L. interrogans.
### Instruction: Are n-palmitoylethanolamine and N-acetylethanolamine effective in asteatotic eczema : results of a randomized , double-blind , controlled study in 60 patients? ### Response:
Compared with traditional emollients, regular application of a topical PEA/AEA emollient could improve both passive and active skin functions simultaneously.
### Instruction: Is interferon regulatory factor ( IRF ) 3 critical for the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis? ### Response:
These data show that IRF3 plays a crucial role in development of Th17 responses and EAE and warrants investigation in human multiple sclerosis.
### Instruction: Does discovery-based protein expression profiling identify distinct subgroups and pathways in leiomyosarcomas? ### Response:
These results suggest that UPS tumors share a similar lineage as leiomyosarcomas and are likely to originate from different stages of differentiation from mesenchymal stem cells to smooth muscle cells.
### Instruction: Is downregulation of microRNAs 145-3p and 145-5p a long-term predictor of postmenopausal breast cancer risk : The ORDET prospective study? ### Response:
These observations and the prospective design of our study lend support to the hypothesis that downregulation of specific miRNAs constitutes an early event in cancer development. This finding might be used for breast cancer prevention.
### Instruction: Does presence of the full-length KIR2DS4 gene reduce the chance of rheumatoid arthritis patients to respond to methotrexate treatment? ### Response:
Our results suggest that the response of RA patients with medium ESR values to MTX treatment may be dependent on the full-length KIR2DS4 gene.
### Instruction: Is childhood maltreatment associated with depression but not with hypochondriasis in later life? ### Response:
The findings suggest a robust association of childhood maltreatment with depression but not with hypochondriasis. This result does not support etiological models of hypochondriasis which rely on childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for the development of this disorder.
### Instruction: Is religious involvement associated with greater purpose , optimism , generosity and gratitude in persons with major depression and chronic medical illness? ### Response:
Although unrelated to depressive symptoms in the setting of major depression and chronic medical illness, higher religious involvement is associated with positive emotions, a finding which may influence the course of depression over time.
### Instruction: Do brain neuroplastic changes accompany anxiety and memory deficits in a model of complex regional pain syndrome? ### Response:
The study findings provide novel observations regarding behavioral changes and brain plasticity in a mouse model of CRPS. In addition to elucidating some of the supraspinal correlates of the syndrome, this work supports the potential use of therapeutic interventions that not only directly target sensory input and other peripheral mechanisms, but also attempt to ameliorate the broader pain experience by modifying its associated cognitive and emotional comorbidities.
### Instruction: Are insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 and 7 concentrations lower in obese pregnant women , women with gestational diabetes and their fetuses? ### Response:
At the time of term cesarean section, pre-existing maternal obesity and GDM are associated with lower IGFBP levels in maternal and cord plasma. Alterations in circulating IGF and IGFBPs may alter birthweight and/or neonatal adiposity. This may lead to alterations in optimal growth trajectory and lead to metabolic disorders later in life.
### Instruction: Does increased expression of prostasin contribute to early-onset severe preeclampsia through inhibiting trophoblast invasion? ### Response:
These findings suggest that prostasin may suppress the invasion process in preeclampsia by attenuating MMP2 and MMP9 secretion.
### Instruction: Is antitumor necrosis factor α more effective than conventional medical therapy for the prevention of postoperative recurrence of Crohn 's disease : a meta-analysis? ### Response:
Anti-TNFα therapy is more effective at preventing clinical, endoscopic, and histologic recurrence of CD beyond 1 year from time of surgery compared with conventional therapy.
### Instruction: Is higher free serum cortisol associated with worse survival in acute variceal bleeding because of cirrhosis : a prospective study? ### Response:
Higher FC is present in cirrhosis with AVB compared with CC and is associated independently with bleeding-related mortality. However, whether high FC solely indicates the severity of illness or whether there is significant adrenal insufficiency cannot be discerned.
### Instruction: Is early-onset Crohn 's disease a risk factor for smaller final height? ### Response:
Prepubertal onset of CD is a risk for lower final height, independent of the initial disease location and the necessity for surgical interventions.
### Instruction: Does inflammation-induced chemokine expression in uveal melanoma cell lines stimulate monocyte chemotaxis? ### Response:
Cytokines derived from activated T cells shifted the UM cell transcriptome toward a more inflammatory state, including upregulation of several chemokines, which led to an increased migration of monocytes. Therefore, UM cells might actively participate in generating a tumor-promoting inflammatory microenvironment.
### Instruction: Do transplanted skin-derived precursor stem cells generate enteric ganglion-like structures in vivo? ### Response:
SKPs are capable of engraftment, migration, and differentiation within aganglionic rodent intestine in vivo. Differentiated SKPs generate structures that resemble enteric ganglia. Our observations suggest that SKPs represent a potential gangliogenic therapeutic agent for Hirschsprung's disease.
### Instruction: Do evaluation of efficacy of intra-nasal lidocaine for headache relief in patients refer to emergency department? ### Response:
Intranasal lidocaine is an efficient method for pain reduction in patients with headache. Regarding easy administration and little side effects, we recommend this method in patients referred to emergency department (ED) with headache.
### Instruction: Is gleason underestimation predicted by prostate biopsy core length? ### Response:
While core length on trans-rectal biopsy independently affects Gleason upgrading on RP specimens, performer experience has minor impact on Gleason discordance or biopsy positivity due to a sharp learning curve.
### Instruction: Does pTEN loss in biopsy tissue predict poor clinical outcomes in prostate cancer? ### Response:
PTEN loss at the time of biopsy seems to predict time to development of metastasis, prostate cancer-specific mortality and, for the first time, castration-resistant prostate cancer and response to androgen deprivation therapy after radical prostatectomy. If confirmed by larger studies, this would support the use of PTEN loss as an early marker of aggressive prostate cancer.
### Instruction: Do effect of embedded dexamethasone in cochlear implant array on insertion forces in an artificial model of scala tympani? ### Response:
Incorporation of DXM in silicone for cochlear implant design does not change electrode array insertion forces. It does not raise the risk of trauma during array insertion, making it suitable for long-term in situ administration to the cochlea.
### Instruction: Is decline in functional capacity unaffected by diet quality alone or in combination with physical activity among generally healthy older adults with T2D from the NuAge cohort? ### Response:
The absence of effect may be explained by characteristics of this healthy sample of OA with T2D who showed relatively good adherence to dietary recommendations (mean C-HEI=70) and were highly functional shown by minimal, clinically non-significant FC decline over 3 years. More research is needed to confirm the role of DQ in preventing FC decline in a larger diabetic sample showing clinically significant FC decline.
### Instruction: Is platelet profile associated with clinical complications in patients with vivax and falciparum malaria in Colombia? ### Response:
Young age, longer duration of illness and higher parasitemia are associated with severe thrombocytopenia. Our study showed that thrombocytopenia is related to malaria complications, especially liver dysfunction. High PDW in patients with severe malaria may explain the mechanisms of thrombocytopenia that is common in this group of patients.
### Instruction: Does resident experience increase diagnostic rate of thyroid fine-needle aspiration biopsies? ### Response:
ND thyroid FNA rates progressively decrease with training level, suggesting that early and continued participation in procedures throughout residency improves outcomes. This is particularly true for residents without prior surgical training or subsequent interventional radiology fellowship.
### Instruction: Is cardiovascular variability similarly altered in coronary patients with normal left ventricular function and in heart failure patients? ### Response:
Our study shows that in coronary patients with no MI and no left ventricular dysfunction, there is a profound alteration of both HR and BP variability as in CHF patients, presumably because of a marked impairment of the autonomic modulation of the heart and blood vessels.
### Instruction: Do advanced glycation end products increase expression of S100A8 and A9 via RAGE-MAPK in rat dental pulp cells? ### Response:
Advanced glycation end products increased mRNA expression of S100A8, S100A9, and IL-1β under diabetic pulp conditions, and AGE-induced increases in S100A8 and S100A9 expressions may be associated with the RAGE-MAPK signaling pathway.
### Instruction: Does zoledronic acid improve clinical outcomes in patients with bone metastatic hormone-naïve prostate cancer in a multicenter clinical trial? ### Response:
ZOL given with CAB as initial treatment delays the time-to-PSA failure in patients with hormone-naive bone metastatic prostate cancer.
### Instruction: Does high levels of coach intent to integrate a ACL injury prevention program into training translate to effective implementation? ### Response:
Coaching workshops can effectively increase coach attitudes, perceived behavioral control, and intent to implement a injury prevention program. However, high levels of behavioral determinants do not appear to translate to high levels of implementation compliance.
### Instruction: Do unilateral cochlear implant use promotes normal-like loudness perception in adolescents with childhood deafness? ### Response:
We confirmed that the ESR threshold is a good measure of comfortably loud levels in adolescents with cochlear implants and their normal-hearing peers. Adolescents using CIs show normal-like rates of loudness growth on average, despite having highly variable dynamic ranges of hearing. Individual rates of loudness growth in the upper dynamic range in CI users can be predicted by the rate of amplitude growth of the ECAP. Thus, the rate of neural recruitment with increasing CI current is important for loudness perception in pre/perilingually deaf listeners and should be considered when programming their CIs.
### Instruction: Does behavioral and neural discrimination of speech sound after moderate or intense noise exposure in rats? ### Response:
These results suggest that rats are able to adjust to the neural changes after moderate NE and discriminate speech sounds, but they are not able to recover behavioral abilities after intense NE. Animal models could help clarify the adaptive and pathological neural changes that contribute to speech processing in hearing-impaired populations and could be used to test potential behavioral and pharmacological therapies.
### Instruction: Does 1,8-Cineole ameliorate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation-induced ischaemic injury by reducing oxidative stress in rat cortical neuron/glia? ### Response:
Collectively, these results suggest 1,8-cineole as a potentially effective neuroprotective and anti-oxidative candidate for the treatment of patients with ischaemic stroke.
### Instruction: Are high-resolution anorectal manometry and dynamic pelvic magnetic resonance imaging complementary technologies? ### Response:
We were unable to find a correlation between HR-ARM findings and structural pelvic defects on DP-MRI. Therefore, these two technologies provide complementary information in the evaluation of defecatory dysfunction.
### Instruction: Is fourfold increased detection of Lynch syndrome by raising age limit for tumour genetic testing from 50 to 70 years cost-effective? ### Response:
Testing all CRC tumours diagnosed at or below age 70 for LS is cost-effective. Implementation is important as relatives from the large number of LS patients that are missed by current practice, can benefit from life-saving surveillance.
### Instruction: Are concerns about covert HIV testing associated with delayed presentation of suspected malaria in Ethiopian children : a cross-sectional study? ### Response:
Children whose guardians believed that covert testing for HIV was routine clinical practice presented later for investigation of suspected malaria. This may account for up to 14% of the delay in presentation and represents a reversible risk factor for suboptimal management of malaria.
### Instruction: Do vascular patterns in mature hypertrophic burn scars treated with fractional CO2 laser? ### Response:
Mature hypertrophic burn scars treated with a fractional CO2 laser showed a statistically significant increase in vascular density in the superficial dermis. A non-statistical decrease in clinically perceived erythema and improvement of overall appearance was seen. To our knowledge, this is the first report of increased vascular density in burn scars treated with fractional CO2 laser and suggests our prior assumptions on causes of erythema in mature hypertrophic scars may need to be challenged.
### Instruction: Does a promoter mutation in the haemagglutinin segment of influenza A virus generate an effective candidate live attenuated vaccine? ### Response:
We demonstrate that NIBRG-93 is an effective live attenuated vaccine virus protecting mice against lethal challenge and reducing virus shedding.
### Instruction: Does in a safety net population HPV4 vaccine adherence worsen as BMI increases? ### Response:
Obesity, as well as gravidity and Hispanic race, are risk factors for lack of HPV4 vaccine adherence among young females in a safety net population.
### Instruction: Does a SNP in intron 8 of CD46 cause a novel transcript associated with mastitis in Holsteins? ### Response:
Our findings suggest that the CD46 gene likely plays a critical role in the risk of mastitis caused by Streptococcus in dairy cows via an alternative splicing mechanism caused by a functional mutation in intron 8. Our data also underline the importance of variation within ESEs in regulating transcript processing.
### Instruction: Does residual disease predict outcomes after definitive resection for incidental gallbladder cancer? ### Response:
Survival in patients with RD at local or regional sites was not significantly different than that seen in stage IV disease, with neither subgroup clearly benefiting from reoperation. Outcomes were poor in all patients with RD, regardless of location.
### Instruction: Does fasting induce IL-1 Resistance and Free-Fatty Acid-Mediated Up-Regulation of IL-1R2 and IL-1RA? ### Response:
These findings indicate that fasting augments expression of endogenous IL-1 antagonists inducing IL-1 resistance. Fasting-induced increases in plasma FFAs appears to be a signal that drives immunosuppression during fasting/short term starvation.
### Instruction: Do aurkA inhibitors enhance the effects of B-RAF and MEK inhibitors in melanoma treatment? ### Response:
These findings provide new prospects for melanoma research, including combined B-RAF/AurkA inhibition for B-RAF mutated melanomas and MEK/AurkA inhibitor combination for patients without B-RAF mutations. Moreover, for the first time, we have shown that a B-RAF, MEK and AurkA inhibitor triple drug combination offers increased efficacy against melanoma cell growth and might be considered as a potential treatment strategy for enhancing clinical response in melanoma. However, although this triple drug combination was more effective at the epidermal/dermal junction, the suggested presence of alive and proliferating melanoma cells in the dermal stratum could result in drug resistance and disease recurrence. Molecular characterization of these dermal cells may be critical for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
### Instruction: Is hepatic steatosis prevalent in stillborns delivered to women with diabetes mellitus? ### Response:
This study is the first to our knowledge to demonstrate a specific association between fetal hepatic steatosis and maternal diabetes.
### Instruction: Is high-fat diet-related stimulation of sweetness desire greater in women than in men despite high vegetable intake? ### Response:
Men had significantly stronger desires for salty and fatty foods, whereas women preferred sweet food after meals. The sweetness desire in women was stimulated by increasing fat content, even with a high vegetable intake. Low rice intake in a low-energy-density diet also caused a relative stimulation of sweetness desire in women.
### Instruction: Does signaling through FcRγ-associated receptors on dendritic cells drive IL-33-dependent TH2-type responses? ### Response:
These data identify a mechanism whereby TH2 stimuli signal through FcRγ-associated receptors on DCs to upregulate IL-33 production and induce TH2-mediated allergic airway inflammation.
### Instruction: Is the Amyloid Precursor Protein rapidly transported from the Golgi apparatus to the lysosome and where it is processed into beta-amyloid? ### Response:
These data suggests that AP-3 mediates rapid delivery of APP to lysosomes, and that the lysosome is a likely site of Aβ production.
### Instruction: Does induction monotherapy with sirolimus have selected beneficial effects on glomerular and tubulointersititial injury in nephrotoxic serum nephritis? ### Response:
Induction monotherapy with sirolimus suppressed target of rapamycin complex 1 activation, renal cell proliferation, and injury during the early stages of rodent NSN, but the degree of histological protection was more consistent in the tubulointerstitium than the glomerular compartment.
### Instruction: Are findings in the distal colorectum associated with proximal advanced serrated lesions? ### Response:
The findings at flexible sigmoidoscopy that traditionally serve as indications for colonoscopy (conventional adenomas) are likely to be ineffective for detection of proximal ASL. This finding, plus the observation that most patients with proximal ASL have no distal polyps, favors screening colonoscopy over sigmoidoscopy, especially in the elderly. The observation that non-advanced distal SSA/Ps are associated with any proximal SSA/P warrants further study.
### Instruction: Does the bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist BI113823 reverse inflammatory hyperalgesia by desensitization of peripheral and spinal neurons? ### Response:
The selective bradykinin B1 receptor antagonist BI113823 reduces CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia which is mediated via antagonism of peripheral as well as spinal bradykinin B1 receptors. The selective modulation of CFA-sensitized spinal NS neurons by BI113823 could be a promising property for the treatment of inflammatory pain.
### Instruction: Does return to activity after concussion affect dual-task gait balance control recovery? ### Response:
Adolescents with concussion displayed increased center-of-mass medial/lateral displacement and velocity during dual-task walking after RTA, suggesting a regression of recovery in gait balance control. This study reinforces the need for a multifaceted approach to concussion management and continued monitoring beyond the point of clinical recovery.
### Instruction: Does adolescent social isolation lead to persistent increases in anxiety- like behavior or ethanol intake in female long-evans rats? ### Response:
The SI/GH model, which results in robust and enduring increases in anxiety measures and EtOH self-administration in male Long Evans rats, did not result in similar behavioral changes in female rats. These data, and that of others, suggest that adolescent social isolation is not a useful model with which to study neurobiological substrates linking antecedent anxiety and addiction vulnerability in female rats. Given the compelling epidemiological evidence that the relationship between chronic adolescent stress and alcohol addiction is particularly strong in women, there is clearly an urgent need to identify a more effective model with which to study these clinically important relationships in female rodents.
### Instruction: Are acetylsalicylic acid , aging and coronary artery disease associated with ABCA1 DNA methylation in men? ### Response:
This study provides new evidence that the ABCA1 epigenetic profile is associated with CAD and aging, and highlights that epigenetic modifications might be a significant molecular mechanism involved in the pathophysiological processes associated with CAD. Acetylsalicylic acid treatment for CAD prevention might involve epigenetic mechanisms.
### Instruction: Does active CREB1 promote a malignant TGFβ2 autocrine loop in glioblastoma? ### Response:
TGFβ is considered a promising therapeutic target, and several clinical trials using TGFβ inhibitors are generating encouraging results. Here, we discerned the molecular mechanisms responsible for the aberrantly high levels of TGFβ2 found in certain tumors, and we propose biomarkers to predict the clinical response to anti-TGFβ therapies.
### Instruction: Are several submaximal exercise tests reliable , valid and acceptable in people with chronic pain , fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue : a systematic review? ### Response:
Moderate evidence was found for reliability, validity and acceptability of submaximal exercise tests in patients with chronic pain, fibromyalgia or chronic fatigue. There is no evidence about maximal exercise tests in patients with chronic pain, fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue.
### Instruction: Are anorectal manometric parameters influenced by gender and age in subjects with normal bowel function? ### Response:
Anorectal manometric parameters are influenced by gender and age. This should be taken into consideration when interpreting manometric readings in a clinical setting.
### Instruction: Does microRNA-18a inhibit hypoxia-inducible factor 1α activity and lung metastasis in basal breast cancers? ### Response:
The results of this study reveal a novel role for miR-18a in targeting HIF1A and repressing metastasis of basal-like breast tumors.
### Instruction: Is vagifem superior to vaginal Premarin in induction of endometrial thickness in the frozen-thawed cycle patients with refractory endometria : A randomized clinical trial? ### Response:
Vagifem is superior to Premarin in induction of endometrial thickness in frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles in the patients with refractive endometria.
### Instruction: Does sENP1 protect against myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion injury via a HIF1α-dependent pathway? ### Response:
Our results suggest that SENP1 deficiency exacerbates I/R injury in cardiomyocytes via a HIF1α-dependent pathway.
### Instruction: Does erythropoietin priming improve the vasculogenic potential of G-CSF mobilized human peripheral blood mononuclear cells? ### Response:
Brief ex vivo EPO-priming is a novel method to augment the vasculogenic potential of human (mob)PBMCs, which would help to achieve better results after intracoronary infusion in myocardial infarction patients.
### Instruction: Do glucose fluctuations increase the incidence of atrial fibrillation in diabetic rats? ### Response:
Glucose fluctuations increase the incidence of AF by promoting cardiac fibrosis. Increased ROS levels caused by upregulation of Txnip expression may be a mechanism whereby in glucose fluctuations induce fibrosis.
### Instruction: Is direct observation a valid criterion for estimating physical activity and sedentary behavior? ### Response:
This study provides evidence that DO can be used as a criterion measure of absolute intensity in free-living validation studies.
### Instruction: Does nitric oxide exert protective effects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice? ### Response:
These results provide the first direct evidence that a lack of all three NOS isoforms led to a deterioration of pulmonary fibrosis in a BLM-treated murine model. We speculate that the entire endogenous NO and NOS system plays an important protective role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.
### Instruction: Do inhaled corticosteroids influence the early inflammatory response and clinical presentation of hospitalized subjects with COPD exacerbation? ### Response:
Our study demonstrates a lack of inhaled corticosteroid influence in the early systemic inflammatory response to and clinical presentation of COPD exacerbation.