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### Instruction: Does miR-506 suppress proliferation of hepatoma cells through targeting YAP mRNA 3'UTR? ### Response:
MiR-506 suppresses the proliferation of hepatoma cells by targeting YAP mRNA.
### Instruction: Does ursolic acid ameliorate autoimmune arthritis via suppression of Th17 and B cell differentiation? ### Response:
UA treatment significantly ameliorates CIA in mice via suppression of Th17 and differentiation. By targeting pathogenic Th17 cells and autoantibody production, UA may be useful for the treatment of autoimmune arthritis and other Th17-related diseases.
### Instruction: Does ezetimibe suppress cholesterol accumulation in lipid-loaded vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro via MAPK signaling? ### Response:
Ezetimibe suppresses cholesterol accumulation in rat VSMCs in vitro by regulating SREBP-1 and caveolin-1 expression, possibly via the MAPK signaling pathway.
### Instruction: Does timosaponin A3 induce hepatotoxicity in rats through inducing oxidative stress and down-regulating bile acid transporters? ### Response:
TA3 triggers liver injury through inducing ROS generation and suppressing the expression of BA transporters. Mangiferin, an active component in Anemarrhena, may protect hepatocytes from TA3-induced hepatotoxicity.
### Instruction: Does liver X receptor α ( LXRα/NR1H3 ) regulate differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells via reciprocal regulation of HNF4α? ### Response:
In this study, we found that NR1H3 accelerates hepatic differentiation through an HNF4α-dependent reciprocal network. This contributes to hepatogenesis and is therapeutically beneficial to liver disease.
### Instruction: Is bradycardia during therapeutic hypothermia associated with good neurologic outcome in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest? ### Response:
Bradycardia during therapeutic hypothermia was associated with good neurologic outcome at hospital discharge. Our data indicate that bradycardia should not be aggressively treated in this period if mean arterial pressure, lactate clearance, and diuresis are maintained at acceptable levels. Studies, both experimental and clinical, are warranted.
### Instruction: Does progression-free survival remain poor over sequential lines of systemic therapy in patients with BRAF-mutated colorectal cancer? ### Response:
PFS is expectedly poor for patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic colorectal cancer. Despite the ascertainment bias present (with testing preferentially performed in patients suitable for clinical trials in refractory disease), these data provide historic controls suitable for future study design and support the idea that novel therapeutic options are essential in this population.
### Instruction: Are biologic factors associated with tumor oxygenation prognostic in patients with stage III esophageal cancer : long-term results? ### Response:
The long-term results confirm that hemoglobin levels during radiotherapy and tumor cell expression of EPO-R are significant prognostic factors in patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer.
### Instruction: Is integrin β-8 , but not β-5 or -6 , protein expression increased in livers of children with biliary atresia? ### Response:
Our data show that integrin ανβ8, but not integrin ανβ5 or integrin ανβ6, protein expression is increased in liver specimens of patients with BA. These data support the mounting evidence that transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) activation is responsible for the fibrosis found in BA. Anti-integrin ανβ8 or more global integrin blocking strategies may be therapeutic options in BA, but further work is clearly needed.
### Instruction: Is the dynamic representation of gravity suspended when the idiotropic vector is misaligned with gravity? ### Response:
The dynamic visual representation of gravity is neither purely body-referenced nor world-referenced. It seems to be modulated instead by the relationship between the idiotropic vector and physical gravity.
### Instruction: Does maslinic acid activate mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway in cardiac carcinoma? ### Response:
Our data demonstrated that natural compound, MA, suppressed the growth of cardiac carcinoma by inducing apoptosis via the p38 MAPK/mitochondria/caspase pathway. MA and its derivatives may be promising anti-tumor agents for cardiac carcinoma treatment in the future. (Supplemental Figures available here.).
### Instruction: Does metformin reduce circulating malondialdehyde-modified low-density lipoprotein in type 2 diabetes mellitus? ### Response:
These results suggest that increasing the dose of metformin improves serum MDA-LDL levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
### Instruction: Do [ Comparative analysis of two surgical techniques for controlling nasal width after Le Fort I osteotomy ]? ### Response:
The surgical technique of ABS is the most important factor for determining the postoperative alar width. Both techniques have better effect on the Sbal-Sbal width control than the G. lat-G. lat and Al-Al width control. Traditional intraoral ABS can more effectively control the alar width. Both techniques cannot completely control the alar base widening after Le Fort I osteotomy.
### Instruction: Does automated quantification with BRASS reduce equivocal reporting of DaTSCAN ( 123I-FP-CIT ) SPECT studies? ### Response:
Automated quantification of DaTSCAN studies with BRASS and the use of numerical limits can decrease the number of equivocal reports without affecting report accuracy.
### Instruction: Does reference range for induced sputum eosinophil counts in Korean adult population? ### Response:
Current study was the first attempt to determine the reference ranges of induced sputum eosinophils in Korean adults. The cutoff value for sputum eosinophilia was 3.5%, and was significantly associated with atopy.
### Instruction: Is indirect foraminal decompression independent of metabolically active facet arthropathy in extreme lateral interbody fusion? ### Response:
Significant indirect neural decompression is possible in XLIF, regardless of the presence of metabolically active FA.
### Instruction: Does the etiology of pectus carinatum involve overgrowth of costal cartilage and undergrowth of ribs? ### Response:
In patients with symmetric pectus carinatum, the lengths of costal cartilage were longer but the lengths of rib were shorter than those of controls. These findings may supports that the overgrowth of costal cartilage was not the only factor responsible for pectus carinatum.
### Instruction: Does lycopene treatment of prostate cancer cell lines inhibit adhesion and migration properties of the cells? ### Response:
This in vitro investigation indicates that lycopene can influence the cell adhesion and migration properties of cancer cells at a dose which is arguably achievable in patients. The results of our study expand our understanding of a chemo preventive role of lycopene in prostate cancer.
### Instruction: Are dact genes chordate specific regulators at the intersection of Wnt and Tgf-β signaling pathways? ### Response:
The gnathostome Dact gene family comprises four members, derived from a chordate-specific ancestor. The ability to control Wnt signaling seems to be part of the ancestral repertoire of Dact functions, while the ability to inhibit Tgfβ signaling and to carry out specialized, ortholog-specific roles may have evolved later. The complement of Dact genes coexpressed in a tissue provides a complex way to fine-tune Wnt and Tgfβ signaling. Our work provides the basis for future structural and functional studies aimed at unraveling intracellular regulatory networks.
### Instruction: Are preoperative white matter lesions independent predictors of long-term survival after internal carotid endarterectomy? ### Response:
WMLs in a preoperative CT scan provide a substantially reliable estimate of postoperative long-term survival of carotid endarterectomy patients independent of currently used criteria, i.e. cardiovascular risk factors, indication category and degree of ipsilateral ICA stenosis.
### Instruction: Does l-arginine enhance arginine deiminase induced human lymphoma cell growth inhibition through NF-kBp65 and p53 expression in vitro? ### Response:
L-arginine enhanced ADI-induced inhibited cell growth through expression of NF-κBp65 and p53 in a dose-dependent manner.
### Instruction: Does prolonged erythropoietin treatment impact gene expression in human skeletal muscle? ### Response:
Erythropoietin is unlikely to exert direct effects in human skeletal muscle due to a lack of Epo-R protein. Furthermore, prolonged ESA treatment does not seem to exert either direct or indirect effects on skeletal muscle gene expression.
### Instruction: Does altered endosome biogenesis in prostate cancer have biomarker potential? ### Response:
This discovery of altered endosome biogenesis in prostate cancer may lead to novel biomarkers for more precise cancer detection and patient prognosis.
### Instruction: Does whole exome sequencing for familial bicuspid aortic valve identify putative variants? ### Response:
These results suggest that traditional whole exome sequencing approaches, which assume causal variants alter coding sense, may be insufficient for BAV and other complex traits. Identification of disease-associated variants is facilitated by the use of segregation within families.
### Instruction: Are the use of crowdsourcing for dietary self-monitoring : crowdsourced ratings of food pictures comparable to ratings by trained observers? ### Response:
The findings suggest that crowdsourcing holds potential to provide basic feedback on overall diet quality to users utilizing a low burden approach.
### Instruction: Does the efficacy of Sustained Natural Apophyseal glide with and without Isometric Exercise Training in Non-specific Neck Pain? ### Response:
Patients with non-specific neck pain treated with SNAGs manual physical therapy techniques and followed by IETP was more effective in reduction of pain and enhancement of function, as compared to those patients treated with SNAGs manual physical therapy techniques alone.
### Instruction: Is normotopic cortex the major contributor to epilepsy in experimental double cortex? ### Response:
These results suggest a major role of the normotopic cortex over the band heterotopia in generating interictal epileptiform activity and seizures in brains with SBH.
### Instruction: Do self-control and parental control mediate the relationship between negative emotions and emotional eating among adolescents? ### Response:
The results indicate that both self-control and parental control should be considered in designing preventative measures against emotional eating in adolescents. Adolescent self-control training could also assist in preventing emotional eating.
### Instruction: Does reference range for serum total and monomeric prolactin for the current generation Abbott Architect assay? ### Response:
The use of post-PEG monomeric reference ranges not only identifies hyperprolactinaemia due solely to macroprolactinaemia but has the added advantage of identifying patients who have simultaneous true monomeric hyperprolactinaemia and elevated concentrations of macroprolactin.
### Instruction: Does cognitive dysfunction associated with fall in progressive supranuclear palsy? ### Response:
Recurrent falls in patients with PSP were associated mainly with executive and visuospatial dysfunctions, including (1) impaired coordinated alternating uni- and bimanual motor programming and execution, (2) deficit of attention and decision making in the presence of interference, (3) visuospatial misperception and (4) ideomotor apraxia.
### Instruction: Do rheumatologists lack confidence in their knowledge of cannabinoids pertaining to the management of rheumatic complaints? ### Response:
Rheumatologists lacked confidence in their knowledge of cannabinoid molecules in general and in their competence to prescribe any cannabinoid for rheumatic complaints. In line with this uncertainty, there is reticence to prescribe cannabinoid preparations for rheumatology patients. Guidance is required to inform rheumatologists on the evidence regarding cannabinoids.
### Instruction: Does glucose-regulated protein 58 modulate β-catenin protein stability in a cervical adenocarcinoma cell line? ### Response:
Our results demonstrate that β-catenin stability is negatively regulated by Grp58 in HeLa cells. Overexpression of Grp58 may be responsible for the loss of or decrease in membranous β-catenin expression in cervical AD.
### Instruction: Do age and gender modulate the neural circuitry supporting facial emotion processing in adults with major depressive disorder? ### Response:
This the first study to report gender- and age-specific differences in emotion processing circuitry in MDD. Gender-differential mechanisms may underlie cognitive-emotional disruption in older adults with MDD. The present findings have implications for improved probes into the heterogeneity of the MDD syndrome.
### Instruction: Is knee arthroscopic surgery beneficial to middle-aged patients with meniscal symptoms : a prospective , randomised , single-blinded study? ### Response:
Middle-aged patients with meniscal symptoms may benefit from arthroscopic surgery in addition to a structured exercise programme. Patients' age or symptom history (i.e., mechanical symptoms or acute onset of symptoms) didn't affect the outcome.
### Instruction: Does meniscal transection rather than excision increase pain behavior and structural damage in experimental osteoarthritis in mice? ### Response:
Meniscal transection rather than resection promotes more severe pain and structural damage in mice. Administration of opioids, cyclooxygenase and nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitors provide analgesia in this model. Careful description of the structures damaged is crucial when reporting experimental osteoarthritis (OA).
### Instruction: Is bRAF mutation status an independent prognostic factor for resected stage IIIB and IIIC melanoma : implications for melanoma staging and adjuvant therapy? ### Response:
Patients with BRAF mutations experienced rapid progression of metastatic disease with locoregional recurrence rarely seen in isolation, supporting incorporation of BRAF status into melanoma staging and use of BRAF/MEK inhibitors post-TLND.
### Instruction: Do histological groups of human postpubertal testicular germ cell tumours harbour different genetic alterations? ### Response:
Occurrence of genetic alterations correlates with clinical behaviour of these tumours and may indicate that such alterations could occur early in the development of seminomas and non-seminomas.
### Instruction: Does sOX18 expression predict response to platinum-based chemotherapy in ovarian cancer? ### Response:
SOX18 may be a new predictive marker for OC.
### Instruction: Does upregulation of ID2 antagonize arsenic trioxide-induced antitumor effects in cancer cells? ### Response:
A combination of ATO and ID2-targeted agents may have considerable therapeutic benefits in cancers.
### Instruction: Does optix define a neuroepithelial compartment in the optic lobe of the Drosophila brain? ### Response:
We propose that the optic lobe is compartmentalised by expression of Optix and Vsx1. Our findings provide insight into the spatial patterning of a complex region of the brain, and suggest an evolutionarily conserved principle of visual system development.
### Instruction: Does directly sampling the lung of a young child with cystic fibrosis reveal diverse microbiota? ### Response:
These results support the concept that diverse and spatially heterogeneous microbiota, not necessarily dominated by "traditional CF pathogens," are present in the airways of young, symptomatic children with early CF lung disease.
### Instruction: Is high self-perceived exercise exertion before bedtime associated with greater objectively assessed sleep efficiency? ### Response:
Against expectations and general recommendations for sleep hygiene, high self-perceived exercise exertion before bedtime was associated with better sleep patterns in a sample of healthy young adults. Further studies should also focus on elderly adults and adults suffering from insomnia.
### Instruction: Do single-base-resolution methylomes of Populus trichocarpa reveal the association between DNA methylation and drought stress? ### Response:
These findings may provide valuable new insight into our understanding of the interaction between gene expression and methylation of drought responses in Populus.
### Instruction: Is s137 phosphorylation of profilin 1 an important signaling event in breast cancer progression? ### Response:
Previous studies show that profilin could be executing a dual role in cancer by either suppressing or promoting tumorigenesis in a context dependent manner. In this study we demonstrate for the first time that phosphorylation of profilin 1 at serine 137 enhances oncogenic properties in breast cancer cells. Inhibitors targeting profilin 1 phosphorylation directly or indirectly through inhibition of kinases that phosphorylate profilin could be valuable therapeutic agents that can alter its activity and thereby control the progression of cancer.
### Instruction: Is eZH2 associated with malignant behavior in pancreatic IPMN via p27Kip1 downregulation? ### Response:
EZH2 is associated with the accelerated cell proliferation and malignant step in pancreatic IPMN via the downregulation of p27Kip1.
### Instruction: Does methotrexate inhibit NF-κB activity via long intergenic ( noncoding ) RNA-p21 induction? ### Response:
Our findings support a model whereby depressed levels of lincRNA-p21 in RA contribute to increased NF-κB activity. MTX decreases basal levels of NF-κB activity by increasing lincRNA-p21 levels through a DNA PKcs-dependent mechanism.
### Instruction: Is infarct characterization and quantification by delayed enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging a powerful independent and incremental predictor of mortality in patients with advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy? ### Response:
In advanced ischemic cardiomyopathy, PI% is a powerful independent and incremental predictor of all-cause mortality. Infarct heterogeneity offers substantial further risk stratification when compared with quantification of total myocardial scar % alone even after adjusting for clinical risk factors, end-systolic volume index, mitral regurgitation, incomplete revascularization, and implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation.
### Instruction: Does elective change of surgeon during the OR day have an operationally negligible impact on turnover time? ### Response:
The investigated institution averages 2.5 cases per OR per day. The cumulative additional turnover time (far less than one hour per OR per day) for switching surgeons definitely does not allow the addition of another elective procedure if the difference could be eliminated. A flexible scheduling policy allowing surgeon swapping rather than requiring full blocks incurs minimal additional staffed time during the OR day while allowing the schedule to be filled with available elective cases.
### Instruction: Is esophageal carcinoma cell line with high EGFR polysomy responsive to gefitinib? ### Response:
We show for the first time a significant treatment response to the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib in esophageal tumor cells with a high polysomy for EGFR, suggesting a future role of anti-EGFR therapy for esophageal adenocarcinoma patients with a high EGFR polysomy.
### Instruction: Does patient trust in physician influence colorectal cancer screening in low-income patients? ### Response:
After controlling for traditional factors, trust in PCP remained the only significant driver of CRC screening completion in low-income patients. Interventions to promote CRC screening may be improved by including efforts to enhance patient trust in PCP.
### Instruction: Does hyperoxia inhibit nitric oxide treatment effects in alveolar epithelial cells via effects on L-type amino acid transporter-1? ### Response:
SNO uptake after NO treatment is dependent on LAT1. Hyperoxia impairs SNO uptake and NO effects during NO exposure and impairs LAT system function and LAT1 expression. Effects on SNO formation and transport must be considered for rational optimization of NO-based therapeutics.
### Instruction: Does sIRT2 deficiency modulate macrophage polarization and susceptibility to experimental colitis? ### Response:
These data confirm a protective role for SIRT2 against the development of inflammatory processes, pointing out a potential role for this sirtuin as a suppressor of colitis. In fact, SIRT2 deletion promotes inflammatory responses by increasing NF-κB acetylation and by reducing the M2-associated anti-inflammatory pathway. Finally, we speculate that the activation of SIRT2 may be a potential approach for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
### Instruction: Is yttrium-90 radioembolization a safe and effective treatment for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma : a single centre experience of 45 consecutive patients? ### Response:
Radioembolization with 90Y is a safe and effective treatment for unresectable HCC.
### Instruction: Is a functional synonymous coding variant in the IL1RN gene associated with survival in septic shock? ### Response:
In European ancestry subjects, the IL1RN variant rs315952C is preferentially transcribed and associated with increased evoked plasma IL1RA and with improved survival from septic shock. It may be that genetically determined IL1RA levels influence survival from septic shock.
### Instruction: Is plantarflexion moment a contributor to step length after-effect following walking on a split-belt treadmill in individuals with stroke and healthy individuals? ### Response:
Split-belt treadmills could be useful for restoring step length symmetry in individuals post-stroke who present with a longer paretic step length because the use of this type of intervention increases paretic plantarflexion moments. This intervention might be less recommended for individuals post-stroke with a shorter paretic step length because it reduces the paretic plantarflexion moment.
### Instruction: Does electroacupuncture mediate extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathways in the spinal cord of rats with inflammatory pain? ### Response:
The present study suggests that EA produces analgesic effect by preventing the activation of ERK1/2-COX-2 pathway and ERK1/2-CREB-NK-1 pathway in CFA rats.
### Instruction: Do metabolite signatures of exercise training in human skeletal muscle relate to mitochondrial remodelling and cardiometabolic fitness? ### Response:
The metabolic signatures of exercise-trained skeletal muscle reflected reprogramming of mitochondrial function and intermediary metabolism and correlated with changes in cardiometabolic fitness. Succinate metabolism and the succinate dehydrogenase complex emerged as a potential regulatory node that intersects with whole-body insulin sensitivity. This study identifies new avenues for mechanistic research aimed at understanding the health benefits of physical activity. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00200993 and NCT00275145 Funding This work was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (National Institutes of Health), National Institute on Aging (National Institutes of Health) and National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (National Institutes of Health).
### Instruction: Does the prognosis of pulmonary metastasectomy depend on the location of the primary colorectal cancer? ### Response:
Disease-free survival and site of recurrence after pulmonary metastasectomy for colorectal carcinoma are dependent on the site of the primary tumor. Lung metastases from rectal cancer have a worse disease-free survival compared with colon cancer. This may influence treatment and follow-up strategies.
### Instruction: Does duodenal-jejunal bypass improve diabetes and liver steatosis via enhanced glucagon-like peptide-1 elicited by bile acids? ### Response:
Duodenal-jejunal bypass might improve diabetes and liver steatosis by enhancing GLP-1 secretion through increasing serum bile acids and the proliferation of L cells in the ileum, compared with liraglutide.
### Instruction: Are not all intestinal traumatic injuries the same : a comparison of surgically treated blunt vs. penetrating injuries? ### Response:
Blunt and penetrating intestinal injury patterns have high injury severity. Significant operative delays occurred in the blunt injury group as well as, anastomotic failures, enteric fistulas, nosocomial infections, and higher cost. These features underscore the complexity of blunt injury patterns and warrant vigilant injury recognition to improve outcomes.
### Instruction: Does resveratrol induce luminal apoptosis of human colorectal cancer HCT116 cells in three-dimensional culture? ### Response:
Resveratrol induced apoptosis of HCT116 cells in 3DC, resulting in the formation of a luminal cavity, probably by inhibiting PDE4 activity.
### Instruction: Is upper extremity access for fenestrated endovascular aortic aneurysm repair associated with increased morbidity? ### Response:
Upper extremity access appears to be a safe and feasible approach for patients undergoing FEVAR. Open exposure in the upper extremity may be safer than percutaneous access during FEVAR. Unlike chimney and snorkel grafts, upper extremity access during FEVAR is not associated with an increased risk of stroke, despite the need for multiple visceral vessel stenting.
### Instruction: Is allelic variation within the S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase gene family associated with wood properties in Chinese white poplar ( Populus tomentosa )? ### Response:
The present study demonstrates that PtoSAHHs were split off prior to the divergence of interspecies in Populus, and SAHHs may play a key role promoting transmethylation reactions in the secondary cell walls biosynthesis in trees. Hence, our findings provide insights into SAHH function and evolution in woody species and also offer a theoretical basis for marker-aided selection breeding to improve the wood quality of Populus.
### Instruction: Does post-weaning diet determine metabolic risk in mice exposed to overnutrition in early life? ### Response:
These results suggest that post-weaning exposure to a high-fat high-sugar diet has a more profound effect on offspring weight gain and glucose tolerance than exposure to maternal overnutrition. These data emphasise the importance of optimising early life nutrition in offspring of both obese and lean mothers.
### Instruction: Is activation of dopamine D2 receptor critical for the development of form-deprivation myopia in the C57BL/6 mouse? ### Response:
Genetic and pharmacological inactivation of D2R attenuates FDM development in mice, suggesting that dopamine acting on D2R appears to promote the development of FDM in C57BL/6 mice. Further studies are required to confirm these results using animal models in which retinal D2R is selectively blocked.
### Instruction: Is retinal ischemia/reperfusion injury mediated by Toll-like receptor 4 activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes? ### Response:
These findings suggest that TLR4-signaling activation, triggered by damage-associated molecular patterns, regulates the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasomes and is responsible for the function of the retina in retinal IR injury.
### Instruction: Does confocal endomicroscopy show food-associated changes in the intestinal mucosa of patients with irritable bowel syndrome? ### Response:
Based on CLE analysis of IBS patients with a suspected food intolerance, exposure to candidate food antigens caused immediate breaks, increased intervillous spaces, and increased IELs in the intestinal mucosa. These changes are associated with patient responses to exclusion diets. Registered at clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT01692613).
### Instruction: Are serum cystatin C levels associated with coronary artery disease and its severity? ### Response:
Elevated serum cystatin C levels were significantly associated with the presence and severity of CAD in patients with normal renal function. It is suggested that cystatin C might play a role in CAD diagnosis and serve as a marker of CAD severity.
### Instruction: Are equine mesenchymal stromal cells and embryo-derived stem cells immune privileged in vitro? ### Response:
Equine MSCs and ESCs possess a degree of innate immune privilege, and MSCs secrete soluble factors that suppress PBMC proliferation and alter cytokine expression. These properties may make possible the future clinical use of allogeneic stem cells to help standardize and broaden the scope of treatment of tissue injuries.
### Instruction: Do quantitative EEG markers relate to Alzheimer 's disease severity in the Prospective Dementia Registry Austria ( PRODEM )? ### Response:
Selected QEEG markers show strong associations with AD severity. Both cognitive and resting state should be used for QEEG assessments.
### Instruction: Does wireless EEG with individualized channel layout enable efficient motor imagery training? ### Response:
The present study demonstrates that systematic MI practice in an everyday environment with a user-friendly EEG system results in MI learning effects.
### Instruction: Does transcriptional profiling of peripheral blood in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients identify diagnostic biomarkers? ### Response:
Peripheral blood gene expression profiling is an useful tool for the diagnosis of PDAC. We present a validated four-gene predictor set (ANKRD22, CLEC4D, VNN1, and IRAK3) that may be useful in PDAC diagnosis.
### Instruction: Does partial meniscus substitution with a polyurethane scaffold improve outcome after an open-wedge high tibial osteotomy? ### Response:
Patients with symptomatic varus knees were treated with open-wedge high tibial osteotomies, and a meniscectomy was improved more at short-term follow-up in most of the evaluated functional scores than those patients with concomitant implantation of a medial Actifit(®) implant. However, there was no difference in terms of patient satisfaction with the procedure. Based on the short-term functional results of this study, no data were provided to support medial meniscal substitution with a polyurethane scaffold when an open-wedge high tibial osteotomy is being performed.
### Instruction: Is epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition ( EMT ) in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm ( IPMN ) associated with high tumor grade and adverse outcomes? ### Response:
EMT may play a role in IPMN tumorigenesis and metastasis. EMT molecular deregulations could be utilized as potential novel biomarkers for the identification of high-risk IPMN patients.
### Instruction: Does glucocorticoid receptor coordinate transcription factor-dominated regulatory network in macrophages? ### Response:
Pro- and anti-inflammatory stimuli alter the expression of a vast array of transcription factors and chromatin remodelers. By regulating multiple transcription factors, which propagate the initial hormonal signal, GR acts as a coordinating hub in anti-inflammatory responses. As several KLFs promote the anti-inflammatory program in macrophages, we propose that GR and KLFs functionally cooperate to curb inflammation.
### Instruction: Is krüpple-like factor 5 required for proper maintenance of adult intestinal crypt cellular proliferation? ### Response:
These results indicate that Klf5 is necessary to maintain adult intestinal crypt proliferation and proper cellular differentiation. Rapid replacement of Klf5-mutant crypts with wildtype cells and reduction of stem cell markers suggests further that Klf5 is required for self renewal of intestinal stem cells.
### Instruction: Is fOXF1 transcription factor required for formation of embryonic vasculature by regulating VEGF signaling in endothelial cells? ### Response:
FOXF1 is required for the formation of embryonic vasculature by regulating endothelial genes critical for vascular development and vascular endothelial growth factor signaling.
### Instruction: Does [ Ketamine induce apoptosis of human uroepithelial SV-HUC-1 cells ]? ### Response:
Ketamine can induce the apoptosis of SV-HUC-1 cells in a dose and time dependent manner.
### Instruction: Is prior ischemic stroke associated with worse clinical outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention? ### Response:
This study demonstrates that, in daily clinical practice, PCI can be provided safely and with good results to patients with a prior ischemic stroke (≥ 3 months).
### Instruction: Does the presence of a below-ground neighbour alter within-plant seed size distribution in Phaseolus vulgaris? ### Response:
Below-ground neighbour presence affects within-plant seed size distribution in P. vulgaris. This effect appears to be non-resource-mediated, i.e. to be independent of neighbour-induced effects on resource availability. It implies that, based on current environmental cues, plants can make an anticipatory adjustment of their investment strategy in offspring as an adaptation to the local environment in the future.
### Instruction: Does effective blue light photodynamic therapy affect cutaneous langerhans cell number or oxidatively damage DNA? ### Response:
Customary blue light BASI-ALA-PDT does not affect the LC number or produce oxidative DNA damage, the sequelae of red light PDT responsible for immunosuppression in treated skin.
### Instruction: Is the long head of the biceps tendon a suitable cell source for tendon tissue regeneration? ### Response:
The TDC of the LHB seems to be the most suitable cell source. Further research is necessary to find out if the results can be transferred to an in vivo model. The new collagen I scaffold seems to offer an opportunity to combine good biocompatibility and mechanical strength.
### Instruction: Are sleep spindles related to schizotypal personality traits and thalamic glutamine/glutamate in healthy subjects? ### Response:
The common relationship of sleep spindle density with schizotypy and thalamic Glx levels indicates a neurobiological overlap between nonclinical schizotypy and schizophrenia. Thus, sleep spindle density and magical ideation may reflect the anatomy and efficiency of the thalamo-cortical system that shows pronounced impairment in patients with schizophrenia.
### Instruction: Is extent of microinvasion in ductal carcinoma in situ associated with sentinel lymph node metastases? ### Response:
Even with large numbers, there was no higher risk of nodal involvement with ≥2 foci of microinvasion compared with 1 focus. Number of microinvasive foci and results of SLNB appear to be used in decision making for systemic therapy. Prognosis is excellent.
### Instruction: Does interferon α-2b gain high sustained response therapy for advanced essential thrombocythemia and polycythemia vera with JAK2V617F positive mutation? ### Response:
The data confirmed that IFN α-2b benefited the patients with ET or PV, particularly for JAK2V617F(+) mutation.
### Instruction: Does evolutionary acquisition of cysteines determine FOXO paralog-specific redox signaling? ### Response:
IPO7 and IPO8 control the nuclear import of FOXO3, but not FOXO4, in a redox-sensitive and disulfide-dependent manner. Our findings suggest that evolutionary acquisition of cysteines has contributed to regulatory divergence of FOXO paralogs, and that phylogenetic analysis can aid in the identification of cysteines involved in redox signaling.
### Instruction: Is prognostic nutritional index associated with survival after total gastrectomy for patients with gastric cancer? ### Response:
PNI is associated with postoperative survival of patients undergoing TG for GC and is able to divide such patients into two independent groups before surgery.
### Instruction: Does maturation of growth differentiation factor 15 in human placental trophoblast cells depend on the interaction with Matrix Metalloproteinase-26? ### Response:
This is the first report to demonstrate the physiological function of placental MMP-26 in processing GDF15 and subsequently promoting trophoblast cell apoptosis. These findings expand our understanding of the working mechanism of the metalloproteinase in the process of placentation.
### Instruction: Does a common polymorphism in extracellular superoxide dismutase affect cardiopulmonary disease risk by altering protein distribution? ### Response:
We conclude that EC-SOD provides optimal protection when localized to the compartment subjected to extracellular oxidative stress: thus, the redistribution of EC-SOD from the lung and pulmonary circulation to the extracellular fluids is beneficial in alveolar lung disease but detrimental in pulmonary vascular disease. These findings account for the discrepant risk associated with R213G in humans with lung diseases compared with cardiovascular diseases.
### Instruction: Does effects of hand gestures on auditory learning of second-language vowel length contrast? ### Response:
The overall effect of hand gesture on learning of segmental phonology is limited. Implications for theories of hand gesture are discussed in terms of the role it plays at different linguistic levels.
### Instruction: Does next-generation sequencing of adrenocortical carcinoma reveal new routes to targeted therapies? ### Response:
Next-generation sequencing can discover targets of therapy for relapsed and metastatic ACC and shows promise to improve outcomes for this aggressive form of cancer.
### Instruction: Does upregulation of caveolin-1 contribute to aggravated high-salt diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in type 1 diabetic rats? ### Response:
Impaired endothelial Akt activation and increased cav-1 expression and resultant decreased eNOS activation contributes to aggravated high-salt diet-induced endothelial dysfunction and hypertension in DM rats.
### Instruction: Does tLR4 activation induce IL-1β release via an IPAF dependent but caspase 1/11/8 independent pathway in the lung? ### Response:
TLR4 activation increases levels of BALF IL-1b/IL-18 via an IPAF dependent and caspase 1/11/8 independent pathway. Furthermore, it would appear that the presence of IL-1a in the BALF is independent of these pathways. This novel data sheds light on innate signalling pathways in the lung that control the production of these key inflammatory cytokines.
### Instruction: Do extremely cold and hot temperatures increase the risk of diabetes mortality in metropolitan areas of two Chinese cities? ### Response:
The results indicate that both extremely cold and hot temperatures increase diabetes mortality in different manners in Harbin and Chongqing. Diabetes education programs should include information on either managing or combating the effects of extreme hot and cold weather.
### Instruction: Does tumor-α9β1 integrin-mediated signaling induce breast cancer growth and lymphatic metastasis via the recruitment of cancer-associated fibroblasts? ### Response:
Tumor α9β1 integrin promotes lymphatic metastasis through enhancing invasion. Tumor α9β1 integrin promotes tumor growth through CAFs. Tumor α9β1 integrin enhances the recruitment of CAFs into the primary tumor. Tumor cells induce the production of OPN by CAFs in the primary tumor. CAF-derived OPN promotes tumor growth.
### Instruction: Are non-targeted transcription factors motifs a systemic component of ChIP-seq datasets? ### Response:
Based on the zinger regions proximity to cohesin-bound segments, a loading station model is proposed. Further study of zingers will advance understanding of gene regulation.
### Instruction: Does complex pattern of interaction between in utero hypoxia-ischemia and intra-amniotic inflammation disrupt brain development and motor function? ### Response:
Prenatal TSHI and TSHI + LPS lead to different patterns of injury with respect to myelination, axon integrity and gait deficits. Dual injury leads to acute alterations in glial response and cellular inflammation, while TSHI alone causes more prominent chronic white matter and axonal injury. Both injuries cause significant gait deficits. Further study will contribute to stratification of injury mechanisms in preterm infants, and guide the use of promising therapeutic interventions.
### Instruction: Does p2Y2 nucleotide receptor mediate arteriogenesis in a murine model of hind limb ischemia? ### Response:
P2Y2R deficiency does not alter baseline collateral vessel formation but does significantly impair collateral maturation, with resultant persistent limb ischemia despite enhanced angiogenesis. These findings reinforce the importance of arteriogenesis in the recovery of perfusion in ischemic tissues compared with angiogenesis. They also support the role of P2Y2R in mediating this process. The mechanism by which P2Y2R mediates arteriogenesis may involve the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the ischemic tissues, which is essential to arteriogenesis. Approaches to target P2Y2R may yield new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of arterial occlusive disease.
### Instruction: Are decreased plasma levels of select very long chain ceramide species associated with the development of nephropathy in type 1 diabetes? ### Response:
These studies demonstrate, prospectively, that decreased plasma levels of select ceramide species are associated with the development of macroalbuminuria in type 1 diabetes.
### Instruction: Is serum CA 19-9 response to neoadjuvant therapy associated with outcome in pancreatic adenocarcinoma? ### Response:
CA 19-9 response to neoadjuvant therapy is associated with R0 resection rate, histopathologic response, and survival. Incorporation of this easily obtainable biomarker into future clinical trials may facilitate more rapid evaluation of novel regimens.