question stringlengths 52 373 | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k |
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### Instruction:
Do novel GALNT3 mutations causing hyperostosis-hyperphosphatemia syndrome result in low intact fibroblast growth factor 23 concentrations?
### Response:
| The presence of GALNT3 mutations and elevated C-terminal, but low intact serum FGF23, levels in HHS resemble those seen in TC, suggesting that HHS and TC are different manifestations of the same disorder. The absence of biochemical abnormalities in the heterozygous individuals suggests that one normal allele is sufficient for secretion of intact FGF23. |
### Instruction:
Is the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype associated with a reduced incidence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in children on the coast of Kenya?
### Response:
| Balancing selection pressures may have influenced the spread of the Hp gene. Our observations suggest that the Hp2 allele may have spread as a result of protection from malaria, and the Hp1 allele may be sustained by protection from other infections. |
### Instruction:
Does eurasian and African mitochondrial DNA influence in the Saudi Arabian population?
### Response:
| The majority of the Saudi-Arab mitochondrial DNA lineages (85%) have a western Asia provenance. Although the still large confidence intervals, the coalescence and phylogeography of (preHV)1 haplogroup (accounting for 18 % of Saudi Arabian lineages) matches a Neolithic expansion in Saudi Arabia. |
### Instruction:
Do kCNE beta subunits determine pH sensitivity of KCNQ1 potassium channels?
### Response:
| External pH can modify current amplitude and biophysical properties of KCNQ1. KCNE subunits work as molecular switches by modulating the pH sensitivity of human KCNQ1. |
### Instruction:
Do platelets possess and require an active protein palmitoylation pathway for agonist-mediated activation and in vivo thrombus formation?
### Response:
| These studies show that platelets possess a protein palmitoylation machinery that is required for both platelet activation and platelet accumulation into thrombi. These studies show that inhibition of platelet protein palmitoylation blocks platelet aggregation and granule secretion. In a murine model of thrombus formation, inhibition of protein palmitoylation markedly inhibits platelet accumulation into thrombi at sites of vascular injury. |
### Instruction:
Is the implementation of guidelines and prognosis among patients with acute coronary syndromes influenced by physicians ' perception of antecedent physical and cognitive status?
### Response:
| ACS guideline implementation is significantly influenced by physicians' perception of antecedent physical/cognitive status, and thus is a crucial parameter for understanding ACS management and outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Is maximal neutropenia during chemotherapy and radiotherapy significantly associated with the development of acute radiation-induced dysphagia in lung cancer patients?
### Response:
| The maximal neutrophil toxicity during concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy is strongly associated with the development of acute dysphagia. A multivariate predictive model was developed. |
### Instruction:
Does radiation synovectomy using 188Re-tin colloid improve knee synovitis as shown by MRI in refractory rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Radiation synovectomy using Re-tin colloid in refractory rheumatoid arthritis patients improved MRI findings as well as clinical parameters. |
### Instruction:
Does preincisional subcutaneous infiltration of ketamine suppress postoperative pain after circumcision surgery?
### Response:
| We conclude that preincisional subcutaneous ketamine infiltration can suppress postoperative pain after the circumcision surgery. |
### Instruction:
Are the cardioprotective effects of thoracal epidural anestesia induced by the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and inducible nitric oxide synthase in cardiopulmonary bypass surgery?
### Response:
| The results of the present study indicate that TEA plus GA in coronary surgery preserve cardiac function via increased expression of VEGF and i-NOS, improved hemodynamic function and reduced arrhythmias after ACC release. |
### Instruction:
Does risk factors for fall in post-stroke patients treated in a neurorehabilitation ward?
### Response:
| Among post-stroke patients, falls are a complication especially affecting persons with a large neurological deficit, severe disability and the neglect syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Are serum adiponectin concentrations and tissue expression of adiponectin receptors reduced in patients with prostate cancer : a case control study?
### Response:
| Higher serum adiponectin is associated with a marked reduction in risk of prostate cancer, but not BPH, independently of other risk factors. Malignant prostate tissue samples have reduced expression of adiponectin receptors as compared with benign prostate tissue. These results support a role for adiponectin in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Are depressed contractile reserve and impaired calcium handling of cardiac myocytes from chronically unloaded hearts ameliorated with the administration of physiological treatment dose of T3 in rats?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the treatment with physiological treatment dose of thyroid hormone rescues the impaired myocyte relaxation and depressed contractile reserve at least partially through the restoration of PLB protein levels and its phosphorylation state in chronically unloaded hearts. |
### Instruction:
Is sublingual immunotherapy with grass pollen effective in symptomatic youngsters in primary care?
### Response:
| Sublingual immunotherapy with grass pollen in a primary care setting is not effective in children and adolescents. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Intraoperative and postoperative intra-peritoneal administration of peptide PIII inhibit peritoneal metastasis of gastric cancer ]?
### Response:
| Peptide PIII does not significantly inhibit the growth of GC, but significantly reduce the peritoneal metastasis of GC. An ideal targeting chemotherapy, intra-operative application of peptide PIII into the abdominal cavity plus intraperitoneal perfusion is an attractive and promising strategy to prevent peritoneal metastasis of GC. |
### Instruction:
Are growth hormone distribution kinetics markedly reduced in adults with growth hormone deficiency?
### Response:
| Our results emphasize the relevance of distribution phenomena in GH pharmacokinetics, and indicates that studies avoiding data from the GH distribution phase, such as those carried out in steady-state conditions, or those using noncompartmental models, could easily miss relevant information. Our data should be taken into consideration when establishing the appropriate dosage for GH replacement treatments in GH-deficient patients, and calculations should include GH distribution kinetics. |
### Instruction:
Do condylar and disc positions after sagittal split ramus osteotomy with and without Le Fort I osteotomy?
### Response:
| These results suggest that SSRO, either with or without Le Fort I osteotomy, could not change the preoperative disc position or correct anterior disc displacement, although these procedures did improve the symptoms associated with TMJ dysfunction. |
### Instruction:
Do maxillary sinus floor augmentation using autogenous bone grafts and platelet-enriched fibrin glue with simultaneous implant placement?
### Response:
| The results indicate that the use of autogenous bone mixed with platelet-enriched fibrin glue can achieve results superior to those for grafts of autogenous bone alone. The specific improvements of this technique include enhanced osseointegration of dental implants and increased height of new bone. |
### Instruction:
Does compressive mechanical stress promote osteoclast formation through RANKL expression on synovial cells?
### Response:
| Our results indicated that the expression of RANKL in compressed synovial cells enhanced osteoclast formation, whereas continuous compressive force may induce osteoclastic bone destruction in the TMJ. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Preoperative radiotherapy in hypoxia in the complex treatment of the rectal carcinoma -- long term result ]?
### Response:
| Preoperative irradiation in hypoxic conditions permits safe administration of doses higher than those tolerated by normooxic conditions, without increase of complication. Long term results are comparable with crucial trials. |
### Instruction:
Do higher Bcl-2 levels decrease staphylococcal superantigen-induced apoptosis of CD4+ T cells in atopic dermatitis?
### Response:
| Following SsAg stimulation, IL-4 produced by T cells in AD patients down-regulates SsAg-induced caspase-3 activation and apoptosis of CD4+ T cells through inhibiting the decrease of Bcl-2. This may impair deletion of SsAg-activated T cells and resolution of allergic skin inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Is phosphoinositide 3-kinase overexpressed in melanocytic lesions?
### Response:
| PI3K is not overexpressed in melanocytic lesions. |
### Instruction:
Is habitual physical activity associated with intrahepatic fat content in humans?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated that a higher level of habitual physical activity is associated with a lower IHF content and suggested that this relationship may be due to the effect of exercise per se. |
### Instruction:
Is television viewing associated with prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Hispanic elders?
### Response:
| A high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of Caribbean-origin Hispanic elders was associated with prolonged television viewing, independent of physical activity and energy intake. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the causality of this relationship. |
### Instruction:
Are nOS3 polymorphisms associated with arterial stiffness in children with type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| This is the first reported association between -786T-->C and arterial stiffness in type 1 diabetes. Larger studies are needed to confirm this observation for potential translation to risk assessment. |
### Instruction:
Does evaluation of platelet transfusion trigger in a tertiary-care hospital?
### Response:
| The data show that most patients who receive PLTs have pretransfusion counts of more than 10 x 10(9) per L and more than one-third have pretransfusion counts of greater than 20 x 10(9) per L. The medical literature supports prophylactic PLT transfusion based solely on the count when the PLT number is 10 x 10(9) per L or less. Above this level additional justification is needed although there are different points of view concerning the appropriate triggers. Our data suggest that there is a need for clear hospital transfusion guidelines and ongoing monitoring of PLT use. |
### Instruction:
Does iL-13 genetic polymorphism identify children with late wheezing after respiratory syncytial virus infection?
### Response:
| This study revealed distinct clinical, immunologic, and genetic determinants of early and late wheezing after RSV LRTI, indicating distinct pathophysiological mechanisms. We conclude that late wheezing at age 6 years, but not early postbronchiolitis wheezing, is an asthmatic phenomenon and genetically related to a functional IL-13 polymorphism. |
### Instruction:
Do dynamics of hepatitis B e antigen index ratio correlate with treatment response in chronic hepatitis B patients?
### Response:
| HBeAg index ratio is closely correlated with serum HBV DNA level, and the dynamics of HBeAg index ratio may predict 1-year on-treatment combined response to lamivudine in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients. |
### Instruction:
Does delayed-enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance identify fibrous tissue in children after surgery for congenital heart disease?
### Response:
| Delayed-enhancement imaging detects fibrous tissue along regions of reconstruction in patients who have had surgery for congenital heart disease. Furthermore, delayed-enhancement imaging detects fibrous tissue in regions not directly related to the reconstructive surgery, including cardiac valves and the wall of the ascending aorta. |
### Instruction:
Does cinacalcet affect the pharmacokinetics or pharmacodynamics of warfarin?
### Response:
| Warfarin pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics were not affected in subjects treated with warfarin 25mg who received cinacalcet 30 mg twice daily, thus suggesting that dose adjustment is not required. |
### Instruction:
Does antagonism of the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2 attenuate asthma pathology in mouse eosinophilic airway inflammation?
### Response:
| This is the first report to demonstrate anti-allergic efficacy in vivo of a highly selective small molecule CRTH2 antagonist. Our data suggest that CRTH2 antagonism alone is effective in mouse allergic airway inflammation even to the extent that this mechanism can explain the efficacy of ramatroban. |
### Instruction:
Does clinical outcome following acute ischaemic stroke relate to both activation and autoregulatory inhibition of cytokine production?
### Response:
| Absence of spontaneous whole blood gene activation or cytokine production suggests that peripheral blood cells are not the source of cytokines measured in plasma after AIS. Increased plasma IL-1ra within 12 h of AIS onset, the relationship between sTNF-RI and stroke severity, and suppressed cytokine induction suggests early activation of endogenous immunosuppressive mechanisms after AIS. |
### Instruction:
Do relapses of Plasmodium vivax infection usually result from activation of heterologous hypnozoites?
### Response:
| The P. vivax populations emerging from hypnozoites commonly differ from the populations that caused the acute episode. Activation of heterologous hypnozoite populations is the most common cause of first relapse in patients with vivax malaria. |
### Instruction:
Do plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes decrease the integrity of human blood-brain barrier endothelial cell monolayers?
### Response:
| The results suggest that, in CM, trypsin-resistant membrane components and soluble factors of Pf-IRBCs contribute to the impedance of BBB integrity in a multistep and multifactorial process. |
### Instruction:
Does neutrophil elastase inhibitor prevent endotoxin-induced liver injury following experimental partial hepatectomy?
### Response:
| Sivelestat prevents LPS-induced liver injury by inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Is the modulator effect of GH on skeletal muscle lysosomal enzymes dietary protein dependent?
### Response:
| GH seems to act as a dietary protein-dependent modulator of the skeletal muscle lysosomal enzyme activity. These lysosomal enzymes play a role during muscle growth in GH-treated post-weaning mice by modifying muscle protein and DNA and RNA degradation. |
### Instruction:
Is low-frequency rectangular pulse superior to middle frequency alternating current stimulation in cycling of people with spinal cord injury?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that in SCI subjects, stimulated cycling with low frequency is generally more effective than cycling with modulated MFAC in terms of torque, work, and pain sensation. |
### Instruction:
Does hydronephrosis cause salt-sensitive hypertension and impaired renal concentrating ability in mice?
### Response:
| This study provides a model for PUUO in mice and demonstrates the presence of salt-sensitive hypertension and an impaired renal concentrating ability in mice which has not been described before. |
### Instruction:
Do effects of 20-day bed rest with and without strength training on postural sway during quiet standing?
### Response:
| We concluded that postural sway increases following 20 days of bed rest despite maintenance of the muscle volume of plantar flexors as the main working muscles for the human postural standing. |
### Instruction:
Are serum adiponectin and leptin levels and insulin resistance in children born large for gestational age affected by the degree of overweight?
### Response:
| Prepubertal LGA-born children had a higher mean serum adiponectin levels than matched AGA controls despite the fact that they were more insulin resistant. The degree of excess in utero weight gain appears to influence the metabolic profile in LGA-born prepubertal children. Further studies are needed to delineate the role of adiponectin in the risk of development of insulin resistance in children born LGA. |
### Instruction:
Is carotid intima-media thickness different in large- and small-vessel ischemic stroke : the SMART study?
### Response:
| CCA IMT is higher in LVD patients than in SVD patients supporting the hypothesis that LVD and SVD have a different pathogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does targeting ligand-induced binding sites on GPIIb/IIIa via single-chain antibody allow effective anticoagulation without bleeding time prolongation?
### Response:
| The novel clot-targeting approach of anticoagulants via single-chain antibody directed against a LIBS-epitope on GPIIb/IIIa promises effective anticoagulation with reduced bleeding risk. |
### Instruction:
Do women with a recent history of early-onset pre-eclampsia have a worse periodontal condition?
### Response:
| These results indicate that Caucasian women with a recent history of early-onset pre-eclampsia have a worse periodontal condition, as compared with women with uncomplicated deliveries. |
### Instruction:
Does the suppression of aurora-A/STK15/BTAK expression enhance chemosensitivity to docetaxel in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| These results indicated that Aurora-A might play an important role in chemosensitivity to docetaxel, and the suppression of its expression might be a potential therapeutic target for ESCC. |
### Instruction:
Does suppression of BRAF/MEK/MAP kinase pathway restore expression of iodide-metabolizing genes in thyroid cells expressing the V600E BRAF mutant?
### Response:
| We showed the restorability of expression of thyroid iodide-metabolizing genes silenced by V600E BRAF, and linked this process to gene methylation in PTC cells. The results provide clinical implications that therapeutic targeting at the BRAF/MEK/MAP kinase pathway may be a good approach in restoring thyroid gene expression for effective radioiodine therapy for BRAF mutation-harboring PTC. |
### Instruction:
Is cABYR a novel cancer-testis antigen in lung cancer?
### Response:
| CABYR is a novel CT antigen in lung cancer and may be a promising target for immunotherapy for lung cancer patients. |
### Instruction:
Does dNA mismatch repair initiate 6-thioguanine -- induced autophagy through p53 activation in human tumor cells?
### Response:
| These data suggest a novel function of MMR in mediating autophagy after a chemical (6-TG) DNA mismatch damage through p53 activation. The resulting autophagy inhibits apoptosis after MMR processing of 6-TG. |
### Instruction:
Is docetaxel-induced apoptosis of human melanoma mediated by activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase and inhibited by the mitogen-activated protein kinase extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathway?
### Response:
| These studies provide further insights into sensitivity of melanoma cells to taxanes and provide a basis for the current rationale of combining taxanes with inhibitors of the Raf-ERK1/2 pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does sucrose diuresis protect rat bladder from outlet partial obstruction-induced contractile dysfunction?
### Response:
| Sucrose-induced diuresis caused an increase in bladder mass and an increase in contractile strength, consequently protecting the rat bladder from the contractile dysfunctions that usually follow partial outlet obstruction. |
### Instruction:
Do penile implant success in patients with corporal fibrosis using multiple incisions and minimal scar tissue excision?
### Response:
| Minimal scar tissue excision is a safe and effective method in the management of extensive penile fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Does transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor confer tumor suppressor activity in murine renal carcinoma ( Renca ) cells?
### Response:
| We conclude that TbetaR-II is a central mediator of tumorigenicity in Renca cells. As with other tumor suppressor genes, the loss of TbetaR-II expression allows for the development of an aggressive phenotype. |
### Instruction:
Is unipolar-bipolar dichotomy of mood disorders supported by noradrenergic brainstem system morphology?
### Response:
| Small case numbers. |
### Instruction:
Does intracortical inhibition after paired transcranial magnetic stimulation depend on the current flow direction?
### Response:
| CCI is more effective in the 'non-preferentially' stimulated hemisphere, and the neural elements generating the indirect I3 wave are more sensitive to intracortical inhibition than those generating the I1 wave. |
### Instruction:
Is lack of enteral nutrition during critical illness associated with profound decrements in biliary lipid concentrations?
### Response:
| Lack of EN during critical illness was associated with profound decrements in biliary lipid concentrations that normalized partially after 5 d of EN. We hypothesize that loss of enteric stimulation in ICU patients impairs hepatic lipid metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Does fluconazole prophylaxis prevent intra-abdominal candidiasis in high-risk surgical patients?
### Response:
| Fluconazole prophylaxis prevents colonization and invasive intra-abdominal Candida infections in high-risk surgical patients. |
### Instruction:
Does hydrogen peroxide activate ion currents in rat mesangial cells?
### Response:
| The data indicate that H2O2 leads to a biphasic membrane voltage response in mesangial cells: an initial transient hyperpolarization, which is due to the activation of a K+ conductance, and a subsequent depolarization, which is, at least in part, due to the activation of a Cl- conductance. The oxidation of thiol groups by H2O2 is involved in the membrane voltage response, and the depolarization may be regulated by protein kinase C. |
### Instruction:
Is erythrocyte voltage-dependent calcium influx reduced in hemodialyzed patients?
### Response:
| In conclusion, we found evidence for an alteration of erythrocyte Ca2+ influx caused by uremic toxicity that could be related to some organ disorders in uremia. The chronic increase of cellular calcium may contribute to influx derangement. |
### Instruction:
Does novel 20-epi-vitamin D3 analog combined with 9-cis-retinoic acid markedly inhibit colony growth of prostate cancer cells?
### Response:
| Combination of a new vitamin D3 analog (CB1267) and a retinoid (9-cis-RA) potently inhibited colony formation of LNCaP prostate cancer cells in vitro, suggesting further studies in animal models. This combination may afford an interesting therapeutic approach to low-burden prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is diagnostic electron microscopy still a timely and rewarding method?
### Response:
| In the history of diagnostic EM in virology, a change in use has been seen. Starting in the 1990s and coincident with the broad introduction of 'modern' diagnostic techniques, the number of EM diagnostic labs has decreased considerably--in spite of the obvious advantages of this technique. To guarantee the continuing performance of diagnostic EM in the future. EQA runs have to be performed as with other techniques in the diagnostic armament. The growing number of participants and participating countries indicates an interest in as well as a need for this program. |
### Instruction:
Is p300 amplitude related to clinical state in severely and moderately ill patients with schizophrenia?
### Response:
| Reduced P300 amplitude marks the diagnosis of schizophrenia, but also reflects individual differences in severity, including positive symptoms. Previous failures to find relationships between positive symptoms and P300 may have been due to a restricted range of clinical severity. |
### Instruction:
Do treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients respond to clozapine after olanzapine non-response?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that failure to respond to olanzapine treatment does not predict failure to clozapine. Treatment-resistant patients who fail on olanzapine may benefit from a subsequent trial of clozapine. |
### Instruction:
Do androgens modulate interleukin-6 production by gingival fibroblasts in vitro?
### Response:
| We concluded that elevated levels of androgens, specifically testosterone and dihydrotestosterone, could affect the stromal cell response to an inflammatory challenge by downregulation of IL-6 production. This in vitro study lends support to the hypothesis that increased hormones during pregnancy or puberty could modulate the development of localized inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Do gram positive bacteria induce IL-6 and IL-8 production in human alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells?
### Response:
| The results indicate that bacteria or bacterial products could be an important contributing factor to the inflammatory reaction following exposure to swine dust. |
### Instruction:
Does localized muscle fatigue decrease the acuity of the movement sense in the human shoulder?
### Response:
| The acuity of the movement sense in the dominant shoulder is reduced in the presence of shoulder muscle fatigue. The possible influence of muscle fatigue via peripheral muscle receptors on movement sense is discussed. |
### Instruction:
Does blood flow limit peritoneal transport?
### Response:
| Because the liver makes up a small part of the peritoneal area, we conclude that large drops in blood flow do not limit overall solute or water transfer across the peritoneum during dialysis, and therefore acute peritoneal dialysis may be an appropriate modality for ICU patients in shock and renal failure. |
### Instruction:
Do multifold features determine linear equation for automatic spike detection applying neural nin interictal ECoG?
### Response:
| The developed solution is a fast, precise and highly selective spike detection method. |
### Instruction:
Does anti VLA-4 monoclonal antibody inhibit eosinophil infiltration in allergic conjunctivitis model of guinea pig?
### Response:
| VLA-4 molecule was elucidated to play a critical roll in the eosinophil infiltration in experimentally-induced allergic conjunctivitis model of guinea pig. |
### Instruction:
Do angiographic criteria reliably predict when carotid endarterectomy can be safely performed without a shunt?
### Response:
| In the presence of cross-filling from the contralateral carotid artery, shunt insertion was uniformly unnecessary. In addition, routine shunting of patients with previous ipsilateral strokes or contralateral carotid occlusion was not always necessary. Stump pressures were less sensitive than angiographic criteria in determining when a shunt was unnecessary. Evaluation of cross-filling from the contralateral carotid artery on preoperative angiography can predict with certainty which patients will not require a shunt. |
### Instruction:
Does name-based reporting of HIV-positive test result as a deterrent to testing?
### Response:
| Implementing name-based reporting without working before-hand to change attitudes could undermine the benefits of both testing and HIV surveillance. |
### Instruction:
Is eSHAP an active regimen for relapsing Hodgkin 's disease?
### Response:
| ESHAP is an active regimen for relapsing Hodgkin's disease, with myelosuppression as its dose-limiting toxicity. An increased risk of treatment-related mortality when it is combined with high-dose chemotherapy can not be ruled out. |
### Instruction:
Does iL-2 enhance allergic airway responses in rats by increased inflammation but not through increased synthesis of cysteinyl leukotrienes?
### Response:
| In conclusion, IL-2 increases early and late responses in rats, and it induces lung inflammation. Altered airway responses are not attributable to an increase in cys-LT production. |
### Instruction:
Do transesophageal echocardiographic assessment of right heart hemodynamics during high-frequency jet ventilation?
### Response:
| Transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation of right heart hemodynamics did not show any significant difference after transition of ventilation to superimposed HFJV applying similar airway pressures. Furthermore, superimposed HFJV was safe and effective, it improved oxygenation, and it facilitated carbon dioxide elimination. |
### Instruction:
Does left heart bypass reduce paraplegia rates after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair?
### Response:
| Left heart bypass reduced the risk of paraplegia and paraparesis in patients who had repair of extent I and II TAAAs. |
### Instruction:
Is immunosuppressant inhibition of P-glycoprotein function independent of drug-induced suppression of peptide-prolyl isomerase and calcineurin activity?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that the inhibitory effects of immunosuppressive agents on P-glycoprotein function are independent of CaN or FKBP12 PPI activity. |
### Instruction:
Does lysophosphatidylcholine induce platelet-derived growth factor gene expression in a human mesangial cell line?
### Response:
| LysoPC may induce DNA synthesis in a mesangial cell through the induction of PDGF BB as an autocrine and paracrine growth factor. |
### Instruction:
Do influence of film and monitor display luminance on observer performance and visual search?
### Response:
| Display luminance affects visual search performance with both film and monitor displays without affecting detection performance significantly. Higher-luminance displays yield more efficient search performance. The true-negative dwell times and number of clusters are suggestive that lower-luminance levels prolong the search and recognition of normal, lesion-free areas compared with lesion-containing areas. |
### Instruction:
Is connective tissue growth factor a regulator for fibrosis in human chronic pancreatitis?
### Response:
| The concomitant overexpression of CTGF, collagen type I, TGF-beta1, and its signaling receptors in CP suggests that these proteins contribute to enhanced extracellular matrix synthesis and accumulation, resulting finally in the fibrogenesis observed in CP. |
### Instruction:
Do cytokine gene polymorphisms predict acute graft rejection following renal transplantation?
### Response:
| We conclude that recipient TNF-alpha and IL-10 gene polymorphisms are determinants of REs and RS following kidney transplantation. Routine screening of these gene polymorphisms may have a clinical role in identifying patients at risk of multiple REs and severe rejections. |
### Instruction:
Are paraoxonase polymorphisms associated with cardiovascular risk in renal transplant recipients?
### Response:
| These data indicate that there is no association between the PON1 gene variants, conferring higher enzyme activity, and the increased cardiovascular risk in renal transplant recipients. |
### Instruction:
Is contrast medium-induced pulmonary edema aggravated by silicone contamination in rats?
### Response:
| Ionic contrast media are more toxic to the endothelial cells than are nonionic contrast media. Silicone contamination might be one of the causes of pulmonary edema after intravenous injection. However, caution must be exercised in extrapolating these results to humans. |
### Instruction:
Is long-term response to interferon alpha unrelated to `` interferon sensitivity determining region '' variability in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus-1b infection?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that the persisting efficacy of IFN treatment in patients with chronic HCV is not related to the number of ISDR amino acid substitutions of the infecting viruses. Further studies are needed to verify whether other NS5A sequences outside the ISDR might be involved in the mechanisms of IFN resistance. |
### Instruction:
Are oropharyngeal dysfunction and gastroesophageal dysmotility present in girls and women with Rett syndrome?
### Response:
| The prevalence of oropharyngeal dysfunction and gastroesophageal dysmotility warrants early diagnostic evaluation and intervention strategies to improve the nutritional status of girls and women with RS. |
### Instruction:
Is basal sympathetic nerve activity enhanced with augmentation of baroreceptor reflex in Wistar fatty rats : a model of obesity-induced NIDDM?
### Response:
| These results suggest that baroreflex is not impaired in spite of elevation of blood pressure and that the raised sympathetic nerve activity may contribute to the development of hypertension in WFR. |
### Instruction:
Is effect of proteinuria reduction on prevention of focal glomerulosclerosis by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition modifiable?
### Response:
| The renoprotective benefit of an obtained attenuation of intermediate parameters is modified by other factors. Further optimization of renoprotective therapy requires identification of such factors and explicit consideration of therapeutic efficacy on intermediate parameters as well as hard end points. |
### Instruction:
Do rEM sleep components predict the response to initial treatment of infantile spasms?
### Response:
| PII is a useful parameter for differentiating GRs from PRs. |
### Instruction:
Does oral adsorbent ameliorate renal TGF-beta 1 expression in hypercholesterolemic rats?
### Response:
| AST-120 prevented the progression of nephrotic syndrome and renal failure in the Imai rats by ameliorating glomerular sclerosis and interstitial fibrosis, accompanied with reduced expression of TGF-beta 1 and TIMP-1, and reduced infiltration of macrophages in the kidneys. |
### Instruction:
Does lithium augmentation fail to reduce symptoms in poorly responsive schizophrenic outpatients?
### Response:
| Although success with lithium augmentation therapy for persistent psychosis has been reported in the past, this study of well-characterized patients showed no benefit for this common strategy, thus indicating that care be used in utilizing lithium augmentation. |
### Instruction:
Does anthropometry and bioelectrical impedance inconsistently predict fatness in women with regional adiposity?
### Response:
| We conclude that ANTHRO and some BIA equations are accurate for predicting %BF in LB fat "shaped" women but are not appropriate for women with primarily abdominal fat patterning. |
### Instruction:
Do methotrexate polyglutamate levels in circulating erythrocytes and polymorphs correlate with clinical efficacy in rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| The results suggest that circulating intracellular levels of MTX polyglutamates in RBC and PMN correlate with clinical efficacy but not with toxicity in patients with RA. |
### Instruction:
Is progression of myopia in Hong Kong Chinese schoolchildren slowed by wearing progressive lenses?
### Response:
| Progressive lenses reduce the progression of myopia. It may be that the interaction of the progressive lenses with the accommodation system is the cause of this reduction in myopia progression because the +2.00 D addition appeared more effective than the +1.50 D addition in slowing the progression. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma lipoprotein fatty acids altered by the positional distribution of fatty acids in infant formula triacylglycerols and human milk?
### Response:
| Dietary triacylglycerol fatty acid distribution may alter lipoprotein metabolism in young infants. |
### Instruction:
Do common mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 contribute to early prostate cancer in Jewish men?
### Response:
| The incidence of each of the germline mutations in these prostate cancer patients closely matched their incidence (about 1%) in the general Ashkenazi Jewish population. This suggests that unlike cases of breast and ovarian cancers, mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 do not significantly predispose men to prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does the relationship between birth weight and blood pressure amplify from childhood to adulthood?
### Response:
| These findings are further evidence that poor fetal growth is associated with elevated blood pressure in later life. The results support the hypothesis that the relationship is amplified with increasing age. |
### Instruction:
Does distribution of gland-like structures in human gallbladder adenocarcinomas possess fractal dimension?
### Response:
| There is fractal regularity in distribution of gland-like structures in human gallbladder adenocarcinomas. Fractal dimension is a holistic parameter which can be applied to evaluate tumor grading in a quantitative manner. |
### Instruction:
Is early deficient parenting in depressed outpatients associated with personality dysfunction and not with depression subtypes?
### Response:
| Personality dysfunction may mediate the relation between early parental deprivation and adult psychopathology. |
### Instruction:
Is polymorphism for mutation of cytosine to thymine at location 677 in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene associated with recurrent early fetal loss?
### Response:
| The observation that polymorphism for the cytosine to thymine mutation at nucleotide 677 in the gene encoding for methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase is associated with repeated early fetal losses rather than with anembryonic gestations strengthens the argument for the role of hypercoagulability and abnormal uteroplacental vasculature in recurrent spontaneous abortion. |
### Instruction:
Is appendicitis a place for clinical judgement?
### Response:
| Acceptable rates of negative appendix and complicated appendicitis can be obtained from clinical data. The presence of complicated appendicitis is primarily associated with a longer delay before first medical consultation. |
### Instruction:
Does monocyte human leukocyte antigen-DR expression correlate with intrapulmonary shunting after major trauma?
### Response:
| The degree of intrapulmonary shunting observed following severe trauma correlates with the failure of circulating monocytes to re-express HLA-DR antigen, and this may provide some insights into the early events that result in the adult respiratory distress syndrome after major injury. |
### Instruction:
Are low maternal free thyroxine concentrations during early pregnancy associated with impaired psychomotor development in infancy?
### Response:
| Low maternal plasma fT4 concentrations during early pregnancy may be an important risk factor for impaired infant development. |
### Instruction:
Is potassium-channel opener cardioplegia superior to St. Thomas ' solution in the intact animal?
### Response:
| Pinacidil ameliorated myocardial stunning associated with traditional hyperkalemic cardioplegia without causing significant differences in cellular metabolism. |
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