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### Instruction:
Does the histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat induce calreticulin exposure in childhood brain tumour cells in vitro?
### Response:
| Vorinostat has the capacity to elicit CRT exposure, suggesting its usefulness as immunogenic antitumour agent. |
### Instruction:
Does andrographolide regulate epidermal growth factor receptor and transferrin receptor trafficking in epidermoid carcinoma ( A-431 ) cells?
### Response:
| This study sheds light on how andrographolide may affect receptor trafficking by inhibiting receptor movement from the late endosomes to lysosomes. The down-regulation of EGFR from the cell surface also indicates a new mechanism by which andrographolide may induce cancer cell death. |
### Instruction:
Is atherosclerosis induced by chronic inhibition of the synthesis of nitric oxide in moderately hypercholesterolaemic rabbits suppressed by pitavastatin?
### Response:
| Atherosclerosis induced by chronic inhibition of NOS in moderately hypercholesterolaemic rabbits was suppressed by pitavastatin via inhibition of macrophage accumulation and macrophage foam cell formation. |
### Instruction:
Is thrombospondin-1 an inhibitor of pharmacological activation of soluble guanylate cyclase?
### Response:
| This work demonstrates that TSP-1 is a universal inhibitor of sGC, blocking both haeme-dependent and haeme-independent activation. These data coupled with the reported increases in TSP-1 with age, diabetes, ischaemia/reperfusion, and atherosclerosis implies that the therapeutic potential of all drugs that activate sGC could be compromised in disease states where TSP-1/CD47 signalling is elevated. |
### Instruction:
Does genistein potentiate activity of the cation channel TRPC5 independently of tyrosine kinases?
### Response:
| The present study is the first to demonstrate stimulation of a TRP channel by isoflavones. Genistein is a lipophilic compound able to stimulate TRPC5 activity in TRPC5-over-expressing HEK cells and in native vascular endothelial cells. |
### Instruction:
Does hypericin prolong action potential duration in hippocampal neurons by acting on K+ channels?
### Response:
| Extracellularly applied hypericin increased AP duration, which might be ascribed to its effect on I(A) and I(K) currents. As a small increase in AP duration could lead to a dramatic increase in synaptic efficiency, our results imply that hypericin might exert its antidepressant effects by enhancing presynaptic efficiency. |
### Instruction:
Does a petrol ether extract of the roots of Onosma paniculatum induce cell death in a caspase dependent manner?
### Response:
| To further determine the activity and mechanism of action of the petrol ether extract, we would like to isolate and identify the active principle and investigate the effects in more detail. |
### Instruction:
Do human mammary epithelial cells exhibit a bimodal correlated random walk pattern?
### Response:
| Because of the presence of non-uniform turn angle distribution of move step-lengths within a flight and two different types of flights, we propose that the epithelial random walk is a BCRW comprising of two alternating modes with varying degree of correlations, rather than a simple persistent random walk. A BCRW model rather than a simple persistent random walk correctly matches the super-diffusivity in the cell migration paths as indicated by simulations based on the BCRW model. |
### Instruction:
Is genetic variation within IL18 associated with insulin levels , insulin resistance and postprandial measures?
### Response:
| Association of IL18 variation with insulin levels and estimates of insulin resistance were only observed in our adult study, suggesting that the effects of IL-18 are only associated with increasing age. Taken together with the association of IL18 variants with post-prandial measures, this provides support for IL-18 as a metabolic factor. |
### Instruction:
Does sputum induction with hypertonic saline reduce fractional exhaled nitric oxide in chronic smokers and non-smokers?
### Response:
| Our data extend previous findings in asthmatics and healthy controls to asymptomatic chronic smokers: 1. FeNO measurements are reproducible in both smokers and non-smokers; 2. baseline FeNO levels in chronic smokers are lower than in non-smokers and 3. sputum induction by hypertonic saline reduces FeNO levels in both study groups, without affecting lung function. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Recombinant polypeptide of N-terminal heparin-binding domain of fibronectin antagonize hepatic failure induced by endotoxin in mice ]?
### Response:
| The rhFNHN-29 polypeptide can prevent and treat hepatic failure induced by endotoxin. The mechanism by which the polypeptide takes the effect may involve its ability to down-regulate expression of those inflammation factors such as TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL-6. |
### Instruction:
Does prior use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors affect outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage?
### Response:
| In conclusion, our study does not support a possible neuroprotective effect for ACEI use prior to the occurrence of ICH. |
### Instruction:
Does pubertal exposure to high fat diet cause mouse strain-dependent alterations in mammary gland development and estrogen responsiveness?
### Response:
| HFD during puberty had a profound strain-specific effect on murine mammary gland development. Obesity and increased adiposity were associated with reduced responsiveness to estrogen and stunted ductal growth. Importantly, the effect of diet and adiposity on the mammary gland was specific to the pubertal period of development. |
### Instruction:
Are morphological and biochemical features of obesity associated with mineralization genes ' polymorphisms?
### Response:
| The observed pattern of association signals indicates that ANKH may have a generalized effect on adipose tissue physiology, whereas ENPP1 and ALPL affect distinct obesity features. The joint analysis of related genes and integration of the results obtained by different methods used in this research should benefit other studies of similar design. |
### Instruction:
Is measurement of IgE antibodies to shrimp tropomyosin superior to skin prick testing with commercial extract and measurement of IgE to shrimp for predicting clinically relevant allergic reactions after shrimp ingestion?
### Response:
| Use of measurements of IgE to shrimp tropomyosin provided added value to the diagnosis of shrimp allergy. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Chemical constituents from stem of Lonicera japonica ]?
### Response:
| Compound 4, 7, 9-11 were isolated from this plant for the first time, while compound 13 was first reported flavanolignan from this genus Lonicera. |
### Instruction:
Do adrenomedullin plasma levels predict left ventricular reverse remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy?
### Response:
| Significantly higher ADM levels indicate a subgroup of patients in whom reverse remodeling can be observed after CRT. Patients with lower ADM basal values before CRT could represent a group in whom the dysfunction is so advanced that no improvement can be expected. |
### Instruction:
Does time-dependent inhibition ( TDI ) of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 by noscapine potentially explain clinical noscapine-warfarin interaction?
### Response:
| TDI of CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 by noscapine potentially explains clinical noscapine-warfarin interaction. |
### Instruction:
Do flavonoid combinations cause synergistic inhibition of proinflammatory mediator secretion from lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 cells?
### Response:
| Some flavonoids are synergistic in their anti-inflammatory effects when combined. In particular chrysin and kaempferol significantly synergised in their inhibitory effect upon NO, PGE(2) and TNF-alpha secretion. These findings open further avenues of research into combinatorial therapeutics of inflammatory-related diseases and the pharmacology of flavonoid synergy. |
### Instruction:
Are neurogenic effects of fluoxetine attenuated in p11 ( S100A10 ) knockout mice?
### Response:
| P11 is abundantly expressed in hippocampal GABAergic interneurons. The p11 KO mice have increased levels of markers for immature neuronal cell survival and neurogenesis and an attenuated response to fluoxetine in measures of neurogenesis and in a neurogenesis-dependent behavioral test. |
### Instruction:
Does human lactoferrin stimulate skin keratinocyte function and wound re-epithelialization?
### Response:
| Our studies demonstrate the direct effects of holo-rhLF on wound re-epithelialization including the enhancement of keratinocyte proliferation and migration as well as the protection of cells from apoptosis. The data strongly indicate its potential therapeutic applications in wound healing. |
### Instruction:
Are nailfold capillary abnormalities prevalent in sclerodermoid graft-versus-host disease and readily detected with dermatoscopy?
### Response:
| This study shows the identification of distinct nailfold capillaroscopy patterns in patients with Scl GVHD but it does not confer special risk for any other specific clinical symptoms of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Is on-treatment serum HBsAg level predictive of sustained off-treatment virologic response to telbivudine in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients?
### Response:
| Serum HBsAg levels <2 log(10)IU/ml at treatment week 104 are highly predictive of SR to telbivudine at 2 years off-treatment. HBsAg decline rate at on-treatment weeks 24 and 52 from baseline were also more predictive of SR than HBV DNA decline rate. |
### Instruction:
Is cumulus cell gene expression associated with oocyte developmental quality and influenced by patient and treatment characteristics?
### Response:
| The expression of ovulation related genes in CC is associated with patient and treatment characteristics, oocyte developmental potential and differs with the type of gonadotrophin used. |
### Instruction:
Is qRS duration associated with atrial fibrillation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction?
### Response:
| In this large cohort of patients, QRSd was strongly associated with AF and therefore may predict the occurrence of this arrhythmia in patients with LV dysfunction. This association persisted after adjusting for disease severity, comorbid conditions, and the use of medications known to be protective against AF. |
### Instruction:
Is caudate atrophy on MRI a characteristic feature of FTLD-FUS?
### Response:
| Caudate atrophy on MRI appears to be significantly greater in FTLD-FUS compared with FTLD-TDP and FTLD-TAU, suggesting that severe caudate atrophy may be a useful clinical feature to predict FTLD-FUS pathology. |
### Instruction:
Does smoking produce rapid rise of [ 11C ] nicotine in human brain?
### Response:
| Uptake in human brain from a single inhalation was sufficiently rapid that it is plausible that fast rate-of-rise contributes to nicotine dependence in smokers. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of calpain prevent NMDA-induced cell death and beta-amyloid-induced synaptic dysfunction in hippocampal slice cultures?
### Response:
| We suggest that inhibition of calpain exhibits a promising strategy to address several aspects of the pathology of AD that may go beyond the available therapeutic intervention by memantine. |
### Instruction:
Does inferior and inferior-lateral location of left ventricular dyssynergy after myocardial infarction beget ischemic mitral regurgitation?
### Response:
| Inferior and inferior-lateral left ventricular dyssynergy appears to be more important than global systolic dysfunction in the development of significant ischemic mitral regurgitation. Closer clinical and echocardiographic follow-up is warranted in post-MI patients presenting dyssynergy in this location. |
### Instruction:
Do multiple berry types prevent N-nitrosomethylbenzylamine-induced esophageal cancer in rats?
### Response:
| Seven berry types were about equally capable of inhibiting tumor progression in the rat esophagus in spite of known differences in levels of anthocyanins and ellagitannins. Serum levels of IL-5 and GRO/KC (IL-8) may be predictive of the inhibitory effect of chemopreventive agents on rat esophageal carcinogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Do knowledge and quality of life in female torture survivors?
### Response:
| Little is currently known about health-based interventions for the vulnerable population of female torture survivors. Public health nurses and other professionals who work with this population have a unique opportunity to influence behavior change and promote empowerment in this population. The techniques employed in this study can be used by public health nurses as a basis for designing women's health-based programmes at other torture treatment centres throughout the world. |
### Instruction:
Is cryoablation with an 8-mm tip catheter for pediatric atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia safe and efficacious with a low incidence of recurrence?
### Response:
| Cryoablation with an 8-mm tip ablation catheter is both safe and effective with a low risk of recurrence for the treatment of AVNRT in pediatric patients. |
### Instruction:
Are anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies associated with familial Mediterranean fever?
### Response:
| Our results show that anti-CCP antibodies are not associated with FMF. |
### Instruction:
Does palmitic acid promote endothelial progenitor cells apoptosis via p38 and JNK mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways?
### Response:
| These findings suggested that PA promoted EPCs apoptosis via p38 and JNK MAPKs pathways. |
### Instruction:
Are circulating cytokine levels in mice with heart failure etiology dependent?
### Response:
| Serum levels of cytokines in mice with HF vary depending on the etiology. Increased serum levels of several cytokines were found in models with increased right ventricular afterload, suggesting that the cytokine responses result primarily from systemic congestion. |
### Instruction:
Do myeloperoxidase and C-reactive protein have combined utility for long-term prediction of cardiovascular mortality after coronary angiography?
### Response:
| MPO accurately predicted cardiovascular mortality risk in coronary angiography patients. Considering MPO and CRP together may improve long-term risk assessment and CAD patient outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Does informed consent document improvement increase patients ' comprehension in biomedical research?
### Response:
| We failed to show that improving IC document comprehension through a lexicosyntactic approach or by a working group leads to better comprehension. |
### Instruction:
Is intake of total dietary sugar and fibre associated with insulin resistance among Danish 8-10- and 14-16-year-old girls but not boys . European Youth Heart Studies I and II?
### Response:
| Dietary intake of total sugar may play an adverse role and fibre may play a beneficial role in concurrent insulin resistance among girls but not boys. Sex differences may be due to differences in maturity, physical activity, food patterns and selective reporting behaviours. |
### Instruction:
Do genetic and environmental influences on internalizing psychopathology vary as a function of economic status?
### Response:
| Findings support social causation by suggesting that low income contributes significantly to environmental variation in INT. Modest support was found for social selection, but should be extended using longitudinal designs. Effective interventions for internalizing psychopathology may differ depending on income. |
### Instruction:
Does nonmuscle Myosin II help regulate synaptic vesicle mobility at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction?
### Response:
| Our results provide evidence that Nonmuscle Myosin II is present presynaptically, is important for synaptic vesicle mobility and suggests a role for Nonmuscle Myosin II in shuttling vesicles at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction. This work begins to reveal the process by which synaptic vesicles traverse within the bouton. |
### Instruction:
Does systematic mutation screening of KRT5 support the hypothesis that Galli-Galli disease is a variant of Dowling-Degos disease?
### Response:
| We found further evidence to suggest that GGD is indeed a variant of DDD and not a distinct disease entity. Two facts in particular support this conclusion: the same KRT5 mutation was found in patients with GGD and in patients with DDD, and acantholysis seems to be present in a large number of patients who had previously been assigned a diagnosis of DDD. |
### Instruction:
Do basal core promoters control the equilibrium between negative cofactor 2 and preinitiation complexes in human cells?
### Response:
| TFIIB and NC2 are global players that occupy active genes. Preinitiation complex formation is independent of core elements at the majority of genes. TATA and TATA-like elements dictate TFIIB occupancy at a subset of genes. Biochemical data support a model in which preinitiation complex but not TBP-NC2 complex formation is regulated. |
### Instruction:
Is emotion-modulated startle in anxiety disorders blunted by co-morbid depressive episodes?
### Response:
| An anxiety disorder concurrent with a depressive episode is associated with reactivity that more closely resembles the pattern of emotional responding that is typical of depression (i.e. context insensitive) rather than the pattern that is typical for anxiety (i.e. exaggerated). |
### Instruction:
Does particle size influence the immune response produced by hepatitis B vaccine formulated in inhalable particles?
### Response:
| HBsAg delivered in PLGA microspheres elicited an increase in immunogenicity, and the magnitude of immune response was more pronounced with smaller particles. Inhalable particles of HBsAg could be a viable approach to needle-free vaccination. |
### Instruction:
Does mechanical ventilation aggravate transfusion-related acute lung injury induced by MHC-I class antibodies?
### Response:
| Mechanical ventilation (MV) synergistically augmented lung injury during TRALI, which was even further enhanced by the use of injurious ventilator settings. Results suggest that MV may be a risk factor for the onset of TRALI and may aggravate the course of disease. |
### Instruction:
Do winter active bumblebees ( Bombus terrestris ) achieve high foraging rates in urban Britain?
### Response:
| B. terrestris in the UK are now able to utilise a rich winter foraging resource in urban parks and gardens that might at present still be under-exploited, opening up the possibility of further changes in pollinator phenology. |
### Instruction:
Are there no clearly superior methods for diagnosing , predicting , and noninvasively treating dental caries?
### Response:
| (1) Past caries is the best predictor of future caries. (2) A combination of visual-tactile and radiographic examination is better than either method alone. (3) There is insufficient evidence to support noninvasive treatment of early caries. STUDY OBJECTIVE AND METHODS: To perform a systematic review of published literature to (1) determine the evidence for the effectiveness of different methods (visual-tactile versus radiographic) for detecting caries; (2) identify the most prescient predictors of dental caries; and (3) evaluate the evidence supporting the use of noninvasive methods for the treatment of caries, particularly early caries. |
### Instruction:
Do glass ionomer derivates have better retention rates in cervical restorations compared to self-etching adhesive systems?
### Response:
| The authors concluded that although there is a tendency towards adhesives with simplified application procedures, simplification appears to induce loss of effectiveness. |
### Instruction:
Does radiotherapy on the neck nodes predict severe weight loss in patients with early stage laryngeal cancer?
### Response:
| Patients with early stage laryngeal cancer are at risk of malnutrition during radiotherapy. Radiotherapy on the neck nodes is the best predictor of malnutrition during radiotherapy. Therefore, we suggest to offer nutritional counselling to all the patients who receive nodal irradiation. |
### Instruction:
Do high-frequency electroencephalographic oscillations correlate with outcome of epilepsy surgery?
### Response:
| The correlation between removal of HFO-generating areas and good surgical outcome indicates that HFOs could be used as a marker of epileptogenicity and may be more accurate than spike-generating areas or the SOZ. In patients in whom the majority of HFO-generating tissue remained, a poor surgical outcome occurred. |
### Instruction:
Does curcumin improve insulin resistance in skeletal muscle of rats?
### Response:
| Curcumin improves muscular insulin resistance by increasing oxidation of fatty acid and glucose, which is, at least in part, mediated through LKB1-AMPK pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does intrauterine administration of CDB-2914 ( Ulipristal ) suppress the endometrium of rhesus macaques?
### Response:
| In rhesus macaques, a UPA-IUS induced endometrial atrophy and amenorrhea. The work provides proof of principle that an IUS can deliver effective intrauterine concentrations of Ulipristal. |
### Instruction:
Is maternal anxiety related to infant neurological condition , paternal anxiety is not?
### Response:
| Infants of mothers with high trait anxiety have an increased vulnerability to develop a non-optimal nervous system. The association may be mediated in part by early programming of monoaminergic systems. Future research should include an exploration of specific windows of vulnerability to maternal anxiety. |
### Instruction:
Is intranasal naloxone delivery an alternative to intravenous naloxone for opioid overdoses?
### Response:
| Intranasal naloxone is statistically as effective as IV naloxone at reversing the effects of opioid overdose. The IV and IN groups had similar average increases in RR and GCS. Based on our results, IN naloxone is a viable alternative to IV naloxone while posing less risk of needle stick injury. Additionally, we demonstrated that GCS is correlated with RR in opioid intoxication. |
### Instruction:
Is eD overcrowding associated with an increased frequency of medication errors?
### Response:
| We identified an increased frequency of medication errors in our ED with increased crowding as measured with a real-time modified EDWIN score. |
### Instruction:
Is post-thrombotic syndrome after central venous catheter removal in childhood cancer survivors associated with a history of obstruction?
### Response:
| Screening cancer survivors for PTS after CVC removal should be integrated to the after cancer follow-up clinic. Obstruction of CVC may indicate for asymptomatic DVT. Whether thromboprophylaxis and/or prevention of CVC occlusion can decrease the rate of PTS needs to be studied. |
### Instruction:
Does treatment of acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation improve right ventricle function?
### Response:
| We have demonstrated that treatment of patients with acute COPD exacerbation according to guidelines improves not only pulmonary function, but also RV and LV function and PHT. |
### Instruction:
Is albuminuria strongly associated with arterial stiffness , especially in diabetic or hypertensive subjects -- a population-based study ( Taichung Community Health Study , TCHS )?
### Response:
| Albuminuria was strongly related to arterial stiffness among Chinese middle-aged adults. These relationships were enhanced in subjects with hypertension, diabetes, or macroalbuminuria. |
### Instruction:
Does adenosine protect against hypoxic injury at hypothermia in guinea pig papillary muscles?
### Response:
| Adenosine (1.2 mM) had marked cardioprotective effect in hypothermic substrate free hypoxia. Possible mechanisms are non-receptor dependent and related to mitoK(Ca) channels. The cardiodepressive effect at hypothermia may contribute to cardioplegia. |
### Instruction:
Do three-dimensional vessel analyses provide more accurate length estimations than the gold standard QCA?
### Response:
| Three-dimensional QCA provides accurate and precise vessel diameter assessments. Length assessments are consistently longer than two-dimensional measures and are significantly less affected by foreshortened projections. |
### Instruction:
Does b-type natriuretic peptide predict responses to indomethacin in premature neonates with patent ductus arteriosus?
### Response:
| High baseline BNP levels predict poor responses to indomethacin and the need for surgery in premature neonates with PDA. |
### Instruction:
Is infant overweight associated with delayed motor development?
### Response:
| Pediatric overweight and high subcutaneous fat are associated with delayed infant motor development. |
### Instruction:
Does disruption of SM22 promote inflammation after artery injury via nuclear factor kappaB activation?
### Response:
| Our findings show that SM22 downregulation can induce proinflammatory VSMCs through activation of ROS-mediated NF-kappaB pathways. This study provides initial evidence linking VSMC cytoskeleton remodeling with arterial inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Is survivin a potential mediator of prostate cancer metastasis?
### Response:
| This study suggests that Survivin may be a potentially important prognostic marker and promising therapeutic target in metastatic prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does glycine pretreatment ameliorate liver injury after partial hepatectomy in the rat?
### Response:
| The decrease of liver injury and improvement of liver function after pretreatment with glycine suggests that glycine pretreatment might be beneficial for living liver donors as well as for patients subjected to partial hepatectomy for other reasons. |
### Instruction:
Does mercury induce inflammatory mediator release from human mast cells?
### Response:
| HgCl2 stimulates VEGF and IL-6 release from human mast cells. This phenomenon could disrupt the blood-brain-barrier and permit brain inflammation. As a result, the findings of the present study provide a biological mechanism for how low levels of mercury may contribute to ASD pathogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does mechanical ventilation with high tidal volume induce inflammation in patients without lung disease?
### Response:
| The use of lower tidal volumes may limit pulmonary inflammation in mechanically ventilated patients even without lung injury. |
### Instruction:
Is pTCH1 , a receptor of Hedgehog signaling pathway , correlated with metastatic potential of colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that PTCH1 might be a potential biomarker that could discriminate CRC with high from that with low metastatic risk. |
### Instruction:
Do variants of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 but not the Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 genes significantly influence functional outcome after stroke?
### Response:
| The results presented strongly indicate that MMP-2 genetic variants are an important mediator of functional outcome after stroke. |
### Instruction:
Does down-regulation of lipids transporter ABCA1 increase the cytotoxicity of nitidine?
### Response:
| These results indicated that NTD efflux is controlled by ABCA1 activity, suggesting that ABCA1 transports molecules other than lipids. Thus, there is a possibility that ABCA1 acts as a drug resistance transporter involved in the cytotoxicity of NTD derivatives. This also suggested that the expression level of the ABCA1 gene may be an indicator for the efficiency of NTD treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does human cardiac tissue induce transdifferentiation of adult stem cells towards cardiomyocytes?
### Response:
| We have demonstrated for the first time that adult cardiomyocytes obtained from human donors retain the capacity to induce cardiomyocyte differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells. The use of autologous extracts for reprogramming adult stem cells may have potential therapeutic implications for treating heart disease. |
### Instruction:
Is conservative management associated with a decreased risk of definitive stoma after anastomotic leakage complicating sphincter-saving resection for rectal cancer?
### Response:
| The risk of DS after SSR for cancer is low (3%) but rises to 22% after symptomatic AL. This risk depends on the surgical treatment for AL and is up to 100% if a Hartmann's procedure is performed. |
### Instruction:
Does the intraoperative Surgical Apgar Score predict postdischarge complications after colon and rectal resection?
### Response:
| The intraoperative Surgical Apgar Score remained a useful metric for predicting postcolectomy complications arising after uncomplicated discharges. Even late complications may thus be related to intraoperative condition and events. Surgeons could use this intraoperative metric to target low-scoring patients for intensive postdischarge surveillance and mitigation of postdischarge complications after colectomy. |
### Instruction:
Do reconstruction of the irradiated orbit with autogenous fat grafting for improved ocular implant?
### Response:
| Autologous fat grafting may be used for improved ocular implantation to the irradiated enucleated orbit. |
### Instruction:
Is the TLR4 ASP299GLY polymorphism a risk factor for active tuberculosis in Caucasian HIV-infected patients?
### Response:
| We describe an independent association between TLR4 Asp299Gly SNP and active TB in Caucasian Mediterranean HIV-infected patients. |
### Instruction:
Is surveillance colonoscopy cost-effective for patients with adenomas who are at high risk of colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| Surveillance colonoscopy is cost-effective for patients who are at high risk for developing colorectal cancer. Aggressive surveillance can be expensive or even harmful; efforts should be made to improve risk models for colonic neoplasia. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Gefitinib improve insulin sensitivity in Wistar diabetes rats models ]?
### Response:
| Gefitinib can improve insulin sensitivity in rats of type-2 diabetes. 2 t(1/2) after administration, the effect still existed. The effect probably due to the increase of PI3K/Akt pathway of insulin signaling, and had no relationship with body weight in our study dose range. |
### Instruction:
Does glutamate release predict ongoing myocardial ischemia of rat hearts?
### Response:
| We suggest that glutamate release may be used as an early indicator of OI after cardiac arrest. |
### Instruction:
Is addition of mesenchymal stem cells to the scaffold of platelet-rich plasma beneficial for the reduction of the consolidation period in mandibular distraction osteogenesis?
### Response:
| The addition of MSC in PRP scaffold significantly (P < .05) increased new bone formation, mineralization, and mechanical property compared to the PRP-only group. These results indicate that the combination therapy of MSC and PRP is more effective for reducing the consolidation period of distraction. |
### Instruction:
Are war-related stressors associated with asthma risk among older Kuwaitis following the 1990 Iraqi invasion and occupation?
### Response:
| War-related trauma is associated with increased asthma risk in these elderly civilians. Although prior research has documented the significant and persistent psychological toll of war, these findings implicate even broader health effects. |
### Instruction:
Are postpartum bipolar episodes distinct from spontaneous episodes : implications for DSM-V?
### Response:
| The present study does not take account of potential factors that may influence the outcome of a postpartum episode, including obstetric complications and social support before delivery. Similarly, dimensional and qualitative aspects of bipolar disorder were not included in our analysis. |
### Instruction:
Are variations in FKBP5 and BDNF genes suggestively associated with depression in a Swedish population-based cohort?
### Response:
| The sample size did not allow exclusion of true association to depression at low odds ratios. There was possibly some recall bias of childhood problems. |
### Instruction:
Do cantilever FPDs have lower success rates than end abutted FPDs after 10-years of follow-up?
### Response:
| Estimated survival and success rates of cantilever FPDs were lower than previously reported rates for typical end-abutement supported FPDs; a 10-year failure rate of 18.2% had previously been reported for end-abutment supported FPDs for comparison. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelin receptor subtype A blockade affect the haemodynamic recovery from haemorrhage during xenon/remifentanil or isoflurane/remifentanil anaesthesia in dogs?
### Response:
| Selective ET(A) receptor blockade with atrasentan did not impair the haemodynamic and hormonal compensation of acute haemorrhage during X/R or I/R anaesthesia in dogs. |
### Instruction:
Are parent perceptions of neighborhood stressors associated with general health and child respiratory health among low-income , urban families?
### Response:
| More negative perceptions tended to be associated with higher risk of undesirable outcomes, adding to evidence that the social environment contributes to health and supporting research on stress' health impact among disadvantaged populations. Interventions must address not only traditional "environmental" factors, but also individuals' reactions to stress and attempt to mitigate effects of stressors while structural solutions to health inequities are sought. |
### Instruction:
Does examination of nodal metastases by a clearing method support pelvic plexus preservation in rectal cancer surgery?
### Response:
| In patients with T1, T2, and rectosigmoid junctional cancer, perirectal node dissection is necessary, but chances of residual cancer should remain minimal when the pelvic plexus is preserved. |
### Instruction:
Is qT dispersion related to infarct size or inducibility in patients with coronary artery disease and life threatening ventricular arrhythmias?
### Response:
| QT parameters are not influenced by infarct size and do not predict inducibility during electrophysiological study in patients with coronary artery disease and malignant ventricular arrhythmias. In contrast, the amount of scar tissue determined by perfusion imaging is strongly correlated with inducibility. |
### Instruction:
Does low dose dobutamine stress echocardiography predict the improvement of left ventricular systolic function in dilated cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| Changes in left ventricular systolic performance during low dose dobutamine stress echocardiography are a useful marker to predict the outcome of left ventricular systolic function in patients with DCM. |
### Instruction:
Does atherosclerosis-induced chronic ischemia cause bladder fibrosis and non-compliance in the rabbit?
### Response:
| Our studies show that atherosclerosis-induced chronic ischemia increases TGF-beta1 expression in the bladder leading to fibrosis, smooth muscle atrophy and non-compliance. Hypercholesterolemia also interferes with bladder structure and compliance but to a significantly lesser extent compared with CBI. Our studies suggest that arterial insufficiency and hypercholesterolemia, common aging-associated disorders, may play important roles in the pathophysiology of voiding dysfunction in the elderly. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin E inhibit the high-fat diet promoted growth of established human prostate LNCaP tumors in nude mice?
### Response:
| These data suggest that the mechanism of dietary fat induced growth of human prostate cancer cells is mediated by oxidative stress. It also raises the possibility of a therapeutic benefit of vitamin E in preventing prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does anti-Fas IgM monoclonal antibody enhance apoptosis induced by low-dose cytosine arabinoside?
### Response:
| These findings suggest the possible involvement of the Fas/Fas ligand system in the anti-leukemic effect of LD-Ara-C therapy. |
### Instruction:
Do indication for and outcome of laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy?
### Response:
| All 40 patients were treated successfully by laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy without significant complications and with no recurrences to date. Pathological study of conventionally resected stomach and lymph nodes confirmed that laparoscopy-assisted Billroth I gastrectomy would be a safe and useful operation for most early gastric cancers. |
### Instruction:
Are adenocarcinomas of the distal oesophagus and gastric cardia one clinical entity . Rotterdam Oesophageal Tumour Study Group?
### Response:
| Adenocarcinomas of the distal oesophagus and gastric cardia should be regarded as one clinical entity. Uniform staging criteria for both malignancies are recommended. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin K reduce bleeding in left ventricular assist device recipients?
### Response:
| We conclude that: (1) Liver synthetic function improves during LVAD support resulting in increased levels of circulating coagulation factors; (2) ongoing fibrinolysis occurs but likely only represents remodeling of fibrin on the LVAD surface; (3) perioperative vitamin K reduces nonsurgical bleeding in LVAD recipients. |
### Instruction:
Does anti-LFA-1 alpha reduce the dose of cyclosporin A needed to produce immunosuppression in heterotopic cardiac transplanted rats?
### Response:
| Anti-LFA-1 alpha and CsA combination therapy significantly extends the time to rejection of transplanted rat hearts. We conclude that combining an anti-LFA-1 alpha and CsA may be beneficial in prolonging allograft rejection times and in reducing the amount of CsA necessary for immune suppression, thereby minimizing its toxic effects. |
### Instruction:
Are levels of antimicrobial molecules defensin and lactoferrin elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with meningitis?
### Response:
| Significant elevations of defensins and lactoferrin, indicative of endogenous local antimicrobial peptide and polypeptide release, are found in the CSF of children with meningitis. We speculate that elevations in these antimicrobial molecules may reflect the intensity of the host response. Defensins seem to parallel neutrophil activation more closely than lactoferrin. Cumulative levels of CSF defensins and lactoferrin clearly distinguished bacterial meningitis from aseptic meningitis and control patients. Further investigation is warranted to determine the usefulness of measuring defensins and lactoferrin as a diagnostic tool and therapeutic monitor in the evaluation of children with meningitis. |
### Instruction:
Are advance directives more likely among seniors asked about end-of-life care preferences?
### Response:
| Clinicians can play an important role in increasing AD completion rates among seniors by bringing up the subject of EOLCPs. |
### Instruction:
Does tGF beta secretion modulate the density-dependent growth of pig retinal pigment epithelium in vitro?
### Response:
| The TGF-beta family of cytokines mediates the density-dependent growth suppression of RPE in vitro. Neutralizing the effect of these cytokines by adding anti-TGF-beta antibodies can result in more rapid growth of the RPE in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does postoperative anal canal length predict outcome in patients having sphincter repair for fecal incontinence?
### Response:
| No preoperative data predicted functional outcome, and in contrast to other studies, postoperative anal canal length provides the best prediction of postoperative continence. |
### Instruction:
Does defective slow inactivation of sodium channels contribute to familial periodic paralysis?
### Response:
| SI is defective in a subset of mutant Na channels associated with episodic weakness (HyperPP or PMC) but remains intact for mutants studied so far that cause myotonia without weakness (PAM). |
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