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### Instruction: Does sunitinib mesylate inhibit proliferation of human colonic stromal fibroblasts in vitro and in vivo? ### Response:
Sunitinib mesylate inhibited the proliferation of primary human colonic fibroblasts through target-inhibited PDGFR signaling in vitro and in vivo.
### Instruction: Does sports-related concussion increase the risk of subsequent injury by about 50 % in elite male football players? ### Response:
Concussion was a risk factor for sustaining subsequent injury within the following year. In-depth medical evaluation, which includes neurological and cognitive assessment, is warranted within the concussion management and return-to- play process.
### Instruction: Is intracavitary physiotherapy inferior to endometrial scratching in patients with recurrent implantation failure? ### Response:
Intracavitary physiotherapy is not inferior to endometrial scratching on improving implantation and clinical pregnancy rates in patients with RIF after IVF/ICSI cycles.
### Instruction: Does vaccination against zoster remain effective in older adults who later undergo chemotherapy? ### Response:
Zoster vaccine continues to protect against HZ if recipients later undergo chemotherapy. Our findings provide an additional rationale for offering zoster vaccine to indicated adults while they are immunocompetent.
### Instruction: Are obesity-related genomic loci associated with type 2 diabetes in a Han Chinese population? ### Response:
This study indicates that obesity-related genomic loci were associated with type 2 diabetes and glycemic traits in the Han Chinese population.
### Instruction: Does high oxygen partial pressure increase photodynamic effect on HeLa cell lines in the presence of chloraluminium phthalocyanine? ### Response:
These results demonstrate that the photodynamic effect in cervical cancer cells utilizing ClAlPcS2 significantly depends on oxygen level.
### Instruction: Is bRAF mutation analysis a valid tool to implement in Lynch syndrome diagnosis in patients classified according to the Bethesda guidelines? ### Response:
The prevalence of BRAF mutations in CRC patients is not high but extremely correlated with MSI and risk categories as BG, whereas they are absent in LS patients. BRAF mutation detection can reduce the need for MMR gene analysis in a small (but not negligible) proportion of MSI patients (7%), with a positive impact on the financial and psychological costs of unnecessary tests.
### Instruction: Do s-aryl-L-cysteine sulphoxides and related organosulphur compounds alter oral biofilm development and AI-2-based cell-cell communication? ### Response:
Due to the structural similarity of these compounds to each other, and to key molecules in AI-2 biosynthetic pathways, we propose that these molecules potentially reduce biofilm formation via antagonism of QS or QS-related pathways.
### Instruction: Is the covariation between burnout and sick leave due to mental disorders explained by a shared genetic liability : a prospective swedish twin study with a five-year follow-up? ### Response:
The association between burnout and sick leave due to stress-related and other mental disorders seems to be a reflection of a shared genetic liability.
### Instruction: Does dental anxiety screening practices and self-reported training need among Australian dentists? ### Response:
The use of formal, validated scales for screening DA is minimal. Training in anxiety management appears to be low and is an area that could be expanded upon.
### Instruction: Do mental health service use among high school students exposed to interpersonal violence? ### Response:
Associations between adolescent violence exposure and mental health service contact vary by forms of exposure. Outreach to a broader set of exposed youth may reduce the impact of violence and its consequences for vulnerable students.
### Instruction: Does prognostic significance of MSI2 predict unfavorable outcome in adult B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia? ### Response:
These results confirm the association of MSI2 expression with outcome in adult B-ALL and demonstrate the utility of MSI2 as a clinical prognostic biomarker.
### Instruction: Does liver transcript analysis reveal aberrant splicing due to silent and intronic variations in the ABCB11 gene? ### Response:
ABCB11 liver transcript analysis is a useful tool to confirm or invalidate the predicted splicing effect of a silent or intronic ABCB11 variation.
### Instruction: Are arterial stiffness and pulse wave reflection increased in patients suffering from severe periodontitis? ### Response:
The results of this study confirm the association between periodontal inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk shown by impaired vascular health in case of severe periodontitis. As impaired vascular health is a common finding in patients suffering from severe periodontal disease a concomitant routine cardiovascular evaluation may be advised.
### Instruction: Do somatic ERCC2 mutations correlate with cisplatin sensitivity in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma? ### Response:
Somatic ERCC2 mutations correlate with complete response to cisplatin-based chemosensitivity in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma, and clinically identified mutations lead to cisplatin sensitivity in vitro. Nucleotide excision repair pathway defects may drive exceptional response to conventional chemotherapy.
### Instruction: Does preoperative anemia increase mortality and postoperative morbidity after cardiac surgery? ### Response:
In patients undergoing heart surgery, preoperative anemia is associated with an increased risk of mortality and postoperative morbidity.
### Instruction: Does vEGFR-1 blockade disrupt peri-implantation decidual angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment? ### Response:
We found that VEGFR-1 functions in both decidual angiogenesis and macrophage recruitment to the implantation site during pregnancy. VEGFR-1 is expressed by endothelial cells, however blocking VEGFR-1 function in endothelial cells results in reduced macrophage recruitment to the uterus. VEGFR-1 blockade did not compromise the establishment and/or maintenance of pregnancy.
### Instruction: Are operating lung volumes affected by exercise mode but not trunk and hip angle during maximal exercise? ### Response:
Since OLV are altered by exercise mode, but cycling position did not have a significant impact on OLV, we conclude that trunk/hip angle is likely not the primary factor determining OLV during maximal exercise.
### Instruction: Does rifaximin suppress background intestinal 18F-FDG uptake on PET/CT scans? ### Response:
This pilot study shows that treatment with rifaximin for 2 days before PET/CT scanning can significantly reduce physiological F-FDG uptake in the normal colonic lumen.
### Instruction: Is [ Venous Access Port Implantation an Ideal Teaching Operation - An Analysis of 1423 Cases ]? ### Response:
Venous port implantation is a relatively simple procedure despite its possible complications. An open access technique is safer than puncture. The rate of complications significantly decreases with increasing number of performed operations. Therefore venous port implantation and especially the open access method is an ideal teaching operation in a structured surgical training programme.
### Instruction: Is minichromosome maintenance protein 7 a risk factor for recurrence in patients with Dukes C colorectal cancer? ### Response:
We found that the expression of MCM7 is an independent risk factor for RFS in patients with Dukes C colorectal cancer. Further studies are required to investigate the validity of MCM7 protein expression for its potential clinical use in colorectal cancer therapy and prognosis.
### Instruction: Is obesity associated with a poorer prognosis in women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer? ### Response:
Moderate to severe obesity is associated with a poorer invasive breast cancer prognosis; this is also true for women with Stage 1 disease, and is independent of age and treatment.
### Instruction: Does integrative analysis reveal disease-associated genes and biomarkers for prostate cancer progression? ### Response:
The successful results on prostate cancer samples demonstrated that the integrative analysis is powerful and useful approach to detect candidate disease-associate genes and modules which can be used as the potential biomarkers for prostate cancer progression. The data, tools and supplementary files for this integrative analysis are deposited at http://www.ibio-cn.org/HPC-PPIN/.
### Instruction: Does choice of non-inferiority ( NI ) margins protect against degradation of treatment effects on an average -- an observational study of registered and published NI trials? ### Response:
Only two fifths of the current NI trials had a likelihood of degradation lower than 50%, suggesting that, in majority of the NI trials, there is no sufficient protection against degradation on an average. We suggest a third hurdle for the choice of NI margins, thus contributing a sufficient degree of protection.
### Instruction: Do [ Factors influencing the miss rate of polyps in a tandem colonoscopy study ]? ### Response:
The experience of endoscopists did not have influence on the accuracy of polyp detection. However, the fatigue of endoscopists in the afternoon is considered to render polyp detection less accurate. Also, the large curves and folds of the sigmoid colon are regarded as a reason for the higher miss rate of polyps in the left colon.
### Instruction: Does metal debris concentrations in soft tissues adjacent to loosened femoral stem is higher in uncemented than cemented implants? ### Response:
In soft tissue around a loosened stem, the concentrations of metal ions from implants are much higher in case of uncemented stems than of cemented ones. Metal ions from vitalium femoral heads were found around uncemented stems in similar values to cemented streams.
### Instruction: Does classification of patients with breast cancer according to Nottingham prognostic index highlight significant differences in immunohistochemical marker expression? ### Response:
These data confirm that the original, three-tiered NPI statistically correlates with the expression of prognostic immunohistochemical markers in breast carcinoma NST.
### Instruction: Do prior hematologic conditions carry a high morbidity and mortality in patients supported with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices? ### Response:
Patients with a history of prior hematologic conditions are at high risk for bleeding, thrombotic and neurologic events during device support, leading to early mortality. This case series questions the benefit of CF-LVAD in these patients and the appropriate management with regard to anti-coagulation. Further studies on the outcomes of these patients are warranted.
### Instruction: Is mRI-detected subclinical joint inflammation associated with radiographic progression? ### Response:
Radiographic progression was infrequent, but joints with subclinical inflammation had an increased risk of radiographic progression within year 1. This demonstrates the relevance of MRI-detected subclinical inflammation.
### Instruction: Are repeated dyspnea score and percent FEV1 modest predictors of hospitalization/relapse in patients with acute asthma exacerbation? ### Response:
The 3-h score for %FEV1 and DS performed better than scores at any other time point and better than either parameter over time. The 3-h DS had the greatest association with the composite outcome. Neither test was a strong enough predictor to be used solely for this purpose.
### Instruction: Does mucinous differentiation impact stage or risk of recurrence among patients with grade 1 , endometrioid type , endometrial carcinoma? ### Response:
In the setting of grade 1, endometrioid type, endometrial carcinoma, mucinous differentiation is more common in older patients and is associated with an increased likelihood of myometrial invasion. However, stage distribution and risk of recurrence are not affected.
### Instruction: Does combined analysis with copy number variation identify risk loci in lung cancer? ### Response:
Our results further emphasized the importance of copy number variations in cancer and might be a valuable complement to current genome-wide association studies on cancer.
### Instruction: Are potentially traumatic events and serious life stressors prospectively associated with frequency of doctor visits and overnight hospital visits? ### Response:
Exposure to potentially traumatic events and serious life stressors is associated with increased doctor visits and nights spent in the hospital, which may have important implications for the current standard of care.
### Instruction: Does whole-genome bisulfite sequencing of multiple individuals reveal complementary roles of promoter and gene body methylation in transcriptional regulation? ### Response:
Our results suggest that DNA methylation outside promoters also plays critical roles in gene regulation. Future studies on gene regulatory mechanisms and disease-associated differential methylation should pay more attention to DNA methylation at gene bodies and other non-promoter regions.
### Instruction: Is cD64 expression increased in patients with severe acute pancreatitis : clinical significance? ### Response:
The CD64 level was significantly increased in correlation with the disease severity in SAP and may act as a useful marker for predicting the development of SAP.
### Instruction: Does glibenclamide attenuate myocardial injury by lipopolysaccharides in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice? ### Response:
We conclude that glibenclamide could attenuate myocardial injury induced by LPS challenge in STZ-mice, which was possibly related to inhibiting inflammation through Nalp3 inflammasomes.
### Instruction: Are maternal mRNA expression levels of H19 inversely associated with risk of macrosomia? ### Response:
The term placental H19 mRNA levels were inversely related to the occurrence of macrosomia. Our findings suggest that the low expression of H19 mRNA may contribute to the development of macrosomia.
### Instruction: Is auranofin highly efficacious against Toxoplasma gondii in vitro and in an in vivo experimental model of acute toxoplasmosis? ### Response:
These results reveal in vitro and in vivo activity of auranofin against T. gondii, suggesting that it may be an effective alternative treatment for toxoplasmosis.
### Instruction: Does hippocampal laminar distribution of tau relate to Alzheimer 's disease and age of onset? ### Response:
Phospho-tau pathology, when prominent within both IML and OML, is associated with CERAD diagnosis of Definite AD and earlier age of onset in AD. Laminar patterns of tau deposition reflect regional involvements during disease course.
### Instruction: Does larger A1/M1 diameter ratio predict embolic anterior cerebral artery territorial stroke? ### Response:
Larger ipsilateral A1 diameters and A1/M1 diameter ratio are associated with embolic ACAS. These findings suggest that A1 diameters and M1 diameters are important in determining the path of emboli that reach the terminal internal carotid artery.
### Instruction: Does optimal attenuation of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by intravenous immunoglobulin require an intact interleukin-11 receptor? ### Response:
These results implicate IL-11 as an important immune effector of IVIg in the prevention of Th17-mediated autoimmune inflammation during EAE.
### Instruction: Does switching from systemic steroids to ciclesonide restore the hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal axis? ### Response:
Switching from prednisone to very high doses of ciclesonide normalized the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis function and also improved the disease control and the lung function in these 5 patients with difficult asthma.
### Instruction: Is autoimmune thyroiditis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with elevated IgG4 but not with low vitamin D? ### Response:
There was no difference of vitamin D levels between the groups. Only a small percentage of patients with type 1 diabetes also having autoimmune thyroiditis had elevated serum IgG4 levels, revealing the heterogeneity of autoimmune thyroiditis and existence of IgG4 thyroiditis in the pediatric age group. Total IgG, the other IgG subclasses, and vitamin D levels did not differ in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis and type 1 diabetes compared to those suffering only from type 1 diabetes.
### Instruction: Do somatic mutations predict poor outcome in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation? ### Response:
Mutations in TP53, TET2, or DNMT3A identify patients with MDS with shorter OS after HSCT.
### Instruction: Does maternal obesity influence the relationship between location of neonate fat mass and total fat mass? ### Response:
The relationship between total FM and location of FM is influenced by maternal obesity.
### Instruction: Are cXXC4 mRNA levels associated with clinicopathological parameters and survival of myelodysplastic syndrome patients? ### Response:
This study demonstrated that the age of patients and levels of CXXC4 mRNA, hemoglobin, and marrow blast associated with survival of MDS patients.
### Instruction: Is weight training harmful for women with breast cancer-related lymphoedema : a systematic review? ### Response:
Weight training appears to be safe and beneficial in improving limb strength and physical components of quality of life in women with or at risk of lymphoedema. Pressure garments, supervision and limiting the intensity of the weight training may each be important, but this could not be confirmed with this review.
### Instruction: Is insulin sensitivity an important determinant of renal health in adolescents with type 2 diabetes? ### Response:
A significant proportion of adolescents with type 2 diabetes showed evidence of early DN, and insulin sensitivity, rather than HbA1c, blood pressure, or lipid control, was the strongest determinant of renal health.
### Instruction: Are falling insulin requirements associated with adverse obstetric outcomes in women with preexisting diabetes? ### Response:
Falling insulin requirements, in women with preexisting diabetes, are associated with an increased risk of complications related to placental dysfunction. Further prospective studies are needed to guide clinical management.
### Instruction: Do miRNAs affect the expression of innate and adaptive immunity proteins in celiac disease? ### Response:
miRNA expression is significantly altered in duodenal mucosa of CD patients, and this alteration can increase the expression of molecules involved in immune response.
### Instruction: Is the BDNF Val ( 66 ) Met polymorphism associated with escitalopram response in depressed patients? ### Response:
These findings highlight a significant association between the BDNF valine to methionine substitution (Val(66)Met) polymorphism and the treatment response to escitalopram in a Caucasian population of severely depressed inpatients.
### Instruction: Does subthalamic deep brain stimulation improve auditory sensory gating deficit in Parkinson 's disease? ### Response:
This differential treatment effect suggests a divergent mode of action of levodopa and STN-DBS on auditory processing.
### Instruction: Does ropivacaine attenuate endotoxin plus hyperinflation-mediated acute lung injury via inhibition of early-onset Src-dependent signaling? ### Response:
Ropivacaine may be a promising therapeutic agent for treating the cause of pulmonary edema by blocking inflammatory Src signaling, ICAM-1 expression, leukocyte infiltration, and vascular hyperpermeability.
### Instruction: Do exosomes participate in the alteration of muscle homeostasis during lipid-induced insulin resistance in mice? ### Response:
Exosomes act as 'paracrine-like' signals and modify muscle homeostasis during high-fat diets.
### Instruction: Does iL-12 regulate B7-H1 expression in ovarian cancer-associated macrophages by effects on NF-κB signalling? ### Response:
IL-12 upregulates the expression of B7-H1 in monocyte-derived macrophages, which is possible though inducing the secretion of IFN-γ and further activating the NF-κB signal pathway. However, IL-12 downregulates the expression of B7-H1 in THP-1-derived macrophages, associated with a lack of IFN-γ and inhibition of expression of IL-10.
### Instruction: Does vitamin A-enriched diet modulate reverse cholesterol transport in hypercholesterolemic obese rats of the WNIN/Ob strain? ### Response:
Chronic feeding of a vitamin A-enriched diet in hypercholesterolemic obese rats normalizes the plasma HDL-C level and presumably improves RCT, with an effective dose of 52 mg/kg diet. Further studies should focus on the pharmacological potential of vitamin A supplementation to correct an abnormal human obesity-associated lipoprotein metabolism.
### Instruction: Do pre-admission clinical factors affect length of stay in the epilepsy monitoring unit? ### Response:
Pre-admission clinical variables may predict EMU LOS. These factors could be used at the administrative level for maximum EMU resource utilization.
### Instruction: Does transcriptional profiling of Arabidopsis root hairs and pollen define an apical cell growth signature? ### Response:
Our results suggest that maintaining apical growth mechanisms synchronized with energy yielding might require a combinatorial network of transcriptional regulation. We propose that this study should constitute the foundation for further genetic and physiological dissection of the mechanisms underlying apical growth of plant cells.
### Instruction: Are complaints of sleep disturbances associated with cardiovascular disease : results from the Gutenberg Health Study? ### Response:
Given the high prevalence of complaints of sleep disturbances and their strong impact on health status, increased efforts should be undertaken for their identification and treatment.
### Instruction: Does hLA and KIR genotyping correlate with relapse after T-cell-replete haploidentical transplantation in chronic myeloid leukaemia patients? ### Response:
This study suggests that the presence of class I ligands for the donor-activating or donor-inhibitory KIR gene in the recipient might confer some protection against leukaemic relapse in T-cell-replete haploidentical transplantation.
### Instruction: Does dasatinib worsen the effect of cetuximab in combination with fractionated radiotherapy in FaDu- and A431-derived xenografted tumours? ### Response:
In xenografts derived from these two cell lines, dasatinib did not improve the efficacy of cetuximab combined with radiotherapy. On the contrary, it worsened tumour control achieved by the combination of these two treatments.
### Instruction: Does serum glycated albumin predict the progression of diabetic retinopathy -- a five year retrospective longitudinal study? ### Response:
The presence of DR at baseline, poor glycemic control, glycated albumin, and impaired renal function predicted DR progression in patients with type 2 diabetes.
### Instruction: Is dexamethasone diffusion across contact lenses inhibited by Staphylococcus epidermidis biofilms in vitro? ### Response:
The results of this in vitro study demonstrate that bacterial biofilms impede dexamethasone diffusion through silicone hydrogel contact lenses and warrant future studies regarding the clinical benefit of using ocular therapeutics in the setting of bandage contact lens use for corneal epithelial defects.
### Instruction: Does metastasis-associated protein ribosomal RNA processing 1 homolog B ( RRP1B ) modulate metastasis through regulation of histone methylation? ### Response:
RRP1B, a breast cancer metastasis suppressor, regulates gene expression through heterochromatinization and transcriptional repression, which helps our understanding of mechanisms that drive prognostic gene expression in human breast cancer.
### Instruction: Does enhancing the detection of barcoded read in high throughput DNA sequencing data by controlling the false discovery rate? ### Response:
Our method offers a proper quantitative treatment of the problem of detecting barcoded reads in a noisy sequencing environment. It is based on the false discovery rate statistics that allows a proper trade-off between sensitivity and precision to be chosen.
### Instruction: Does hydrogen peroxide elicit constriction of skeletal muscle arterioles by activating the arachidonic acid pathway? ### Response:
These data suggest that H2O2 activates the endothelial Src kinase/PLC/PKC/PLA pathway, ultimately leading to the synthesis and release of TXA2 by COX-1, thereby increasing the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the vascular smooth muscle cells and eliciting constriction in rat skeletal muscle arterioles.
### Instruction: Does smoking cessation reverse DNA double-strand breaks in human mononuclear cells? ### Response:
Smoking induces DSBs in human MNCs in vivo, and importantly, smoking cessation for 1 month resulted in a decrease in DSBs to a level comparable to that seen in non-smokers. These data reinforce the notion that the cigarette smoking induces DSBs and highlight the importance of smoking cessation.
### Instruction: Do aging and alcohol interact to alter hepatic DNA hydroxymethylation? ### Response:
The observation that alcohol alters DNA hydroxymethylation indicates a new epigenetic effect of alcohol. This is the first study demonstrating the interactive effects of chronic alcohol consumption and aging on DNA hydroxymethylation.
### Instruction: Is chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency associated with chronic venous disorders : A case-control study? ### Response:
We found no association of CCSVI with the presence of CVD or family history of varicose veins.
### Instruction: Does cigarette smoke condensate inhibit collagen gel contraction and prostaglandin E2 production in human gingival fibroblasts? ### Response:
CSC may alter the capacity of gingival fibroblasts to remodel and contract a collagen matrix. Inhibition of PGE(2) production and alterations of actin stress fibers in these cells may impair proper tissue maturation during wound healing in smokers.
### Instruction: Does meta-analysis show that infants who have suffered neonatal sepsis face an increased risk of mortality and severe complications? ### Response:
Infants who have suffered neonatal sepsis face an increased risk of mortality and severe complications such as brain damage and, or, neurodevelopmental delay.
### Instruction: Does mast cell deficiency exacerbate inflammatory bowel symptoms in interleukin-10-deficient mice? ### Response:
Mast cell deficiency in IL-10-deficient mice resulted in systematic and gut inflammation, impaired gut barrier function, and severer Th1-mediated colitis when compared to mice with only IL-10-deficiency. Inflammation and impaired gut epithelial barrier function likely form a vicious cycle to worsen colitis in the DKO mice.
### Instruction: Does stathmin destabilizing microtubule dynamics promote malignant potential in cancer cells by epithelial-mesenchymal transition? ### Response:
We propose that there is a stathmin-microtubule dynamics-EMT (S-M-E) axis during cancer development. By this axis, stathmin together with its microtubule-destabilizing activity contributes to EMT, which stimulates the malignant potential in cancer cells.
### Instruction: Is baseline diabetic knowledge after 5-day teaching program an independent predictor of subclinical macroangiopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes ( Poznan Prospective Study )? ### Response:
Baseline diabetic knowledge after 5-day teaching program is an independent predictor of subclinical macroangiopathy in patients with DM1.
### Instruction: Is a trabecular plate-like phenotype overrepresented in Chinese-American versus Caucasian women? ### Response:
Using extreme phenotype selection, we defined a plate- and rod-like trabecular bone phenotype for the TPR ratio trait. The former phenotype is more common in Chinese-American women, while the latter is more typical of Caucasian women. The robustness of these phenotypic associations after controlling for differences in constitution and lifestyle suggest that the TPR ratio may have a genetic basis and that the extreme phenotypes defined in this analysis can be utilized for future studies.
### Instruction: Do cadmium-induced ethylene production and responses in Arabidopsis thaliana rely on ACS2 and ACS6 gene expression? ### Response:
Cadmium induced the biosynthesis of ACC and ethylene in Arabidopsis thaliana plants mainly via the increased expression of ACS2 and ACS6. This was confirmed in the acs2-1acs6-1 double knockout mutants, which showed a decreased ethylene production, positively affecting leaf biomass and resulting in a delayed induction of ethylene responsive gene expressions without significant differences in Cd contents between wild-type and mutant plants.
### Instruction: Does environmental enrichment restore cognitive deficits induced by experimental childhood meningitis? ### Response:
The data presented suggest that EE, a non-invasive therapy, enables recovery from memory deficits caused by neonatal meningitis.
### Instruction: Does proper timing of adjuvant chemotherapy affect survival in patients with stage 2 and 3 gastric cancer? ### Response:
There is insufficient evidence to suggest starting adjuvant chemotherapy within 4 weeks after surgery for patients with D2 resected stage 2 and 3 gastric cancer. However, delayed treatment of adjuvant chemotherapy after 8 weeks showed worse survival outcomes than early and intermediate treatment initiation, suggesting that adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered start within 8 weeks after radical resection.
### Instruction: Does dexmedetomidine inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia by suppression of extracellular signal-regulated kinase? ### Response:
Dexmedetomidine attenuates NO and iNOS accumulation by inhibiting extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation in both BV2 cells and primary microglial cells.
### Instruction: Does lung-targeted RNA interference against angiopoietin-2 ameliorate multiple organ dysfunction and death in sepsis? ### Response:
The Tie2 antagonist angiopoietin-2 represents a promising target against sepsis-associated multiple organ dysfunction. A novel RNA interference therapeutic approach targeting gene expression in the pulmonary endothelium could be a clinically relevant pharmacological strategy to reduce injurious angiopoietin-2 synthesis.
### Instruction: Does a Rb1 promoter variant with reduced activity contribute to osteosarcoma susceptibility in irradiated mice? ### Response:
This is the first experimental demonstration of a functional and genetic link between reduced Rb1 expression from a common promoter variant and increased tumor risk after radiation exposure. We propose that a reduced Rb1 expression by common variants in regulatory regions can modify the risk for a malignant transformation of bone cells after radiation exposure.
### Instruction: Does androgen receptor expression in male breast cancer predict inferior outcome and poor response to tamoxifen treatment? ### Response:
AR expression correlates strongly with both OS and DFS in patients with MBC. AR-positive patients can predict a poorer clinical outcome than AR-negative patients after adjuvant tamoxifen therapy.
### Instruction: Does nerve ultrasound depict peripheral nerve enlargement in patients with genetically distinct Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease? ### Response:
Nerve US may aid in differentiating among the subtypes of CMT in combination with NCS. In CMT1A, the median nerve CSA correlates with the disease severity and peripheral nerve function.
### Instruction: Does δNp63α enhance the oncogenic phenotype of osteosarcoma cells by inducing the expression of GLI2? ### Response:
Here, we report that GLI2 is the novel target gene of ΔNp63α and that ΔNp63α-GLI2 crosstalk in osteosarcoma cells is a necessary event in osteosarcoma progression. Defining the exact mechanisms involved in this interaction that mediate the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma promises to identify targets for drug therapy.
### Instruction: Is single cell segmental aneuploidy detection compromised by S phase? ### Response:
The results demonstrate that the accuracy to detect segmental chromosomal imbalances is reduced in S-phase cells, which could be a source of misdiagnosis in PGD. Hence, the cell cycle phase of the analyzed cell is of great importance and should be taken into account during the analysis. This knowledge may guide future technological improvements.
### Instruction: Is pPARγ2 Pro12Ala polymorphism associated with sustained virological response in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients under HCV therapy? ### Response:
The presence of PPARγ2 rs1801282 G allele (Ala variant) was associated with increased odds for achieving SVR in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients on HCV treatment.
### Instruction: Does cyclosporine-inhibitable cerebral drug transport influence clinical methadone pharmacodynamics? ### Response:
Cyclosporine did not affect methadone pharmacodynamics. This result does not support a role for cyclosporine-inhibitable transporters mediating methadone brain access and biodistribution.
### Instruction: Do surgeons often underestimate the amount of blood loss in replacement surgeries? ### Response:
This study has shown that using clinical estimation alone to guide blood transfusion is inadequate. In this study, 70% of patients had their blood loss underestimated, proving that surgeons often underestimate blood loss in replacement surgeries.
### Instruction: Does pharmacological modulation of autophagy enhance Newcastle disease virus-mediated oncolysis in drug-resistant lung cancer cells? ### Response:
These results demonstrate that combination treatment with autophagy modulators is an effective strategy to augment the therapeutic activity of NDV/FMW against drug-resistant lung cancers.
### Instruction: Do [ Effectiveness of a suture bridge technique for repair of quadriceps tendon rupture in uraemic patients ]? ### Response:
For fewer traumas and early functional exercise after operation, the suture bridge technique benefits functional restoration of knee joint in uraemic patients. Operation chance and age seem to be important factors to the results. Early operation should be considered when quadriceps tendon ruptured.
### Instruction: Is ischemic cardiomyopathy associated with coronary plaque progression and higher event rate in patients after cardiac transplantation? ### Response:
Our study demonstrates that ischemic etiology of cardiomyopathy prior to HTx may be independently associated with plaque progression and higher event rate after HTx.
### Instruction: Is smoking a perioperative risk factor and prognostic factor for lung cancer surgery? ### Response:
Smokers with lung cancer tended to have advanced lung cancer, impaired pulmonary function, and high morbidity after lung cancer surgery. Although multivariate analysis did not show that smoking was associated with poor outcome, non-smokers had significantly better overall survival, even for patients with stage IA lung cancers.
### Instruction: Does bacterial CagA protein induce degradation of p53 protein in a p14ARF-dependent manner? ### Response:
Our results provide novel evidence that tumorigenicity associated with H. pylori infection is linked to inhibition of p53 protein by CagA. We propose a model in which CagA-induced degradation of p53 protein is determined by a relative level of p14ARF. In cells in which p14ARF levels were decreased due to hypermethylation or deletion of the p14ARF gene, H. pylori efficiently degraded p53, whereas p53 is protected in cells expressing high levels of p14ARF.
### Instruction: Does intestinal epithelial vitamin D receptor deletion lead to defective autophagy in colitis? ### Response:
Our study demonstrates fundamental relationship between VDR, autophagy and gut microbial assemblage that is essential for maintaining intestinal homeostasis, but also in contributing to the pathophysiology of IBD. These insights can be leveraged to define therapeutic targets for restoring VDR expression and function.
### Instruction: Does fatigue correlate with the decrease in parasympathetic sinus modulation induced by a cognitive challenge? ### Response:
The methods described here are useful for assessing the association between fatigue sensation and autonomic nerve activity using a brief cognitive test in healthy females.
### Instruction: Does one size fit all : cardiovascular health disparities as a function of ethnicity in Asian-American women? ### Response:
Modifiable CVD risk factor profiles significantly differed as a function of ethnicity supporting the premise that Asian-American women cannot be categorized as one group and the traditional "one size fits all" prevention or treatment of CVD risk factors should be re-considered.
### Instruction: Does cT angiography spot sign in intracerebral hemorrhage predict active bleeding during surgery? ### Response:
The CTA spot sign is associated with more intraoperative bleeding, more postoperative rebleeding, and larger residual ICH volumes in patients undergoing hematoma evacuation for spontaneous ICH. The spot sign may therefore be useful to select patients for future surgical trials.
### Instruction: Does bi-level CPAP improve gas exchange when compared with conventional CPAP for the treatment of neonates recovering from respiratory distress syndrome? ### Response:
At similar mean airway pressures, SiPAP does not improve CO2 removal, oxygenation or other studied physiological parameters with the exception of mean blood pressure, which was not clinically significant.
### Instruction: Is high plasma levels of high mobility group box 1 associated with the risk of sepsis in severe blunt chest trauma patients : a prospective cohort study? ### Response:
Plasma HMGB1 levels were significantly elevated in patients with severe blunt chest trauma. HMGB1 levels were associated with the risk of poor outcome in patients with severe blunt chest trauma. Daily HMGB1 levels measurements is a potential useful tool in the early identification of post-trauma complications. Further studies are needed to determine whether HMGB1 intervention could prevent the development of sepsis and MODS in patients with severe blunt chest trauma.
### Instruction: Does the RNA editing enzyme APOBEC1 induce somatic mutations and a compatible mutational signature is present in esophageal adenocarcinomas? ### Response:
Our findings suggest that the ability of APOBEC1 to trigger genetic alterations represents a major layer in its oncogenic potential. Such APOBEC1-induced mutator phenotypes could play a role in the onset of esophageal adenocarcinomas. APOBEC1 could be involved in cancer promotion at the very early stages of carcinogenesis, as it is highly expressed in Barrett's esophagus, a condition often associated with esophageal adenocarcinoma.