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### Instruction:
Is insulin resistance accompanied by increased von Willebrand factor levels in nondiabetic women : a study of offspring of type 2 diabetic subjects compared to offspring of nondiabetic subjects?
### Response:
| Levels of vWF, fibrinogen and fibronectin were not influenced by a parental history of type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance was found to be a significant risk indicator for high vWF only in women. This may indicate that insulin resistance is a higher risk factor for women than for men, when the outcome is endothelial dysfunction possibly resulting in overt cardiovascular disease. |
### Instruction:
Is alpha-Adducin Gly460Trp polymorphism associated with low renin hypertension in younger subjects in the Ohasama study?
### Response:
| These findings suggest the possibility that the Gly460Trp polymorphism of ADD-1 is associated with low renin hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Does substitution of Dmo1 with normal alleles result in decreased manifestation of diabetes in OLETF rats?
### Response:
| Improvements in metabolic parameters and histopathological scores show that correction of the Dmo1 genetic pathway in the diabetic and mildly obese OLETF rat strain produces wide-ranging therapeutic effects. Thus, this pathway might represent a new drug target also applicable to humans. |
### Instruction:
Is expression of resistin in the adipose tissue modulated by various factors including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha?
### Response:
| Our results indicated that diverse factors modulate the expression of resistin in the adipose tissues of mice, and suggested that resistin is not a master hormone linking obesity to diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Do cetirizine and levocetirizine inhibit eotaxin-induced eosinophil transendothelial migration through human dermal or lung microvascular endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Levocetirizine inhibits eotaxin-induced eosinophil TEM through both dermal and lung microvascular endothelial cells suggesting that, like cetirizine, levocetirizine has potential anti-inflammatory effects. |
### Instruction:
Is the association of nuchal cord with cerebral palsy influenced by recording bias?
### Response:
| The presence of nuchal cord is subject to recording bias. In a retrospective study, this can lead to an association of CP with nuchal cord that is not evident where documentation is systematic. |
### Instruction:
Do soluble Tie-2 receptor levels independently predict locoregional recurrence in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Soluble Tie2R is an independent predictor of locoregional recurrence in HNSCC. |
### Instruction:
Do serum levels of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein ( COMP ) correlate with radiographic progression of knee osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| Serum COMP has the potential to be a prognostic marker of disease progression. High COMP levels, persisting over the 3-year study period in the patients with radiographic progression, indicated differences in disease activity detectable throughout the entire follow-up interval. |
### Instruction:
Are anticoagulant responses to thrombin enhanced during regression of atherosclerosis in monkeys?
### Response:
| Short-term dietary regression of atherosclerosis produces enhanced anticoagulant responses to thrombin in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Is beta-Actin and GAPDH housekeeping gene expression in asthmatic airways variable and not suitable for normalising mRNA levels?
### Response:
| beta-Actin and GAPDH used as denominators of gene expression quantitation in asthma research can cause confounding. Housekeeping genes need careful validation before their use in such quantitative mRNA assays. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 levels increased in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy?
### Response:
| The plasma sICAM-1 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus are not significantly different from those in nondiabetic subjects. High levels of sICAM-1 suggest that sICAM-1 may play a role in the development of nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. |
### Instruction:
Is hospital in the home cost saving for appropriately selected patients : a comparison with in-hospital care?
### Response:
| In our study the adjusted cost of HITH was significantly cheaper than IHC, particularly as total episode substitution. The cost needs to be adjusted because many factors other than HITH or IHC can influence crude costs. There may be potential for wider use of HITH for appropriately selected patients. |
### Instruction:
Does loss of cyclin D1 and p16 expression correlate with local recurrence in nasopharyngeal carcinoma following radiotherapy?
### Response:
| The study's results suggest that the cyclin D1/p16/Rb pathway plays an important role in NPC tumorigenesis. We also find that cyclin D1 and p16 protein levels in NPC may be of use clinically as a predictor of local tumor control. |
### Instruction:
Is increased cyclooxygenase-2 ( COX-2 ) expression associated with chemotherapy resistance and outcome in ovarian cancer patients?
### Response:
| The assessment of COX-2 status could provide additional information in order to identify ovarian cancer patients with a poor chance of response to chemotherapy and potentially candidates for more individualised treatments. |
### Instruction:
Do shorter courses of parenteral antibiotic therapy appear to influence response rates for children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis : a systematic review?
### Response:
| Given the potential increased morbidity and cost associated with longer courses of intravenous therapy, this finding should be confirmed through a randomized controlled equivalence trial |
### Instruction:
Is skeletal muscle triglycerides lowering associated with net improvement of insulin sensitivity , TNF-alpha reduction and GLUT4 expression enhancement?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that insulin resistance in morbidly obese patients is positively associated to the intramyocytic triglycerides content and to TNF-alpha gene expression and inversely correlated to GLUT4 expression. |
### Instruction:
Is obesity an independent risk factor for plasma lipid peroxidation and depletion of erythrocyte cytoprotectic enzymes in humans?
### Response:
| It is concluded from these results that obesity in the absence of smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, renal or liver disease causes lipid peroxidation and decreased activities of cytoprotective enzymes, and should therefore receive the same attention as obesity with complications. |
### Instruction:
Do stability of the Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement using rigid fixation and porous block hydroxyapatite grafting?
### Response:
| Maxillary advancement with Le Fort 1 osteotomies by using rigid fixation and interpositional PBHA grafting is a stable and predictable procedure regardless of the direction of vertical maxillary movement. |
### Instruction:
Does constitutive human telomerase reverse transcriptase expression enhance regenerative properties of endothelial progenitor cells?
### Response:
| These findings provide the novel evidence that telomerase activity contributes to EPC angiogenic properties; mitogenic activity, migratory activity, and cell survival. This enhanced regenerative activity of EPCs by hTERT transfer will provide novel therapeutical strategy for postnatal neovascularization in severe ischemic disease patients. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel A97P amino acid substitution in alpha-galactosidase A lead to a classical Fabry disease with cardiac manifestations?
### Response:
| These results indicate that the A97P amino acid substitution in GLA might tend to induce classical Fabry disease. |
### Instruction:
Does mitral flow propagation velocity identify patients with abnormal diastolic function during coronary artery bypass graft surgery?
### Response:
| Mitral propagation velocity (Vp) is a simple, reproducible measure of diastolic function during coronary artery bypass graft surgery that correlates with standard Doppler echocardiographic techniques to identify dysfunction in the setting of a rapid heart rate or variable preload. Vp <50 cm/s identifies abnormal diastolic function in this patient population. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Correction of cleft lip nose deformities using Ni-Ti shape memory alloy mesh stent implant ]?
### Response:
| The Ni-Ti shape memory alloy mesh stent is suitable for use in the correction of adult cleft-lip nose deformities. |
### Instruction:
Does high but not low ECS stimulus intensity augment apomorphine-stimulated dopamine postsynaptic receptor functioning in rats?
### Response:
| ECS-induced dopamine postsynaptic receptor up-regulation may depend on the intensity of the administered electrical stimulus. |
### Instruction:
Does an induced mutation in tomato eIF4E lead to immunity to two potyviruses?
### Response:
| Mutation analysis of translation initiation factors shows that translation initiation factors of the eIF4E family are determinants of plant susceptibility to RNA viruses and viruses have adopted strategies to use different isoforms. This work also demonstrates the effectiveness of TILLING as a reverse genetics tool to improve crop species. We have also developed a complete tool that can be used for both forward and reverse genetics in tomato, for both basic science and crop improvement. By opening it to the community, we hope to fulfill the expectations of both crop breeders and scientists who are using tomato as their model of study. |
### Instruction:
Does the pentapeptide PLNPK inhibit systemic lupus erythematosus-associated renal damage?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that PLNPK can suppress T cell function and reduce the production of autoantibodies, and may be a feasible and effective therapy in the SLE model. |
### Instruction:
Does pre-conditioning with the soluble guanylate cyclase activator Cinaciguat reduce ischaemia-reperfusion injury after cardiopulmonary bypass?
### Response:
| Pre-conditioning with Cinaciguat improves myocardial and endothelial function after cardiopulmonary bypass with hypothermic cardiac arrest. The observed protective effects imply that pharmacological sGC activation could be a novel therapeutic option in the protection against ischaemia-reperfusion injury in cardiac surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is increased Th17 rather than Th1 alloimmune response associated with cardiac allograft vasculopathy after hypothermic preservation in the rat?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that preservation injury induced a cascade leading to an innate immune response that modulated the adaptive immune response towards Th17 rather than Th1 T-cell response in rat cardiac allografts and ultimately enhanced cardiac fibrosis and arterial occlusion. Our results also suggest that this immune response was not regulated by the calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine A. |
### Instruction:
Does immunolocalization indicate plasmodesmal trafficking of storage proteins during cambial reactivation in Populus nigra?
### Response:
| Lectin-like reserve proteins or their degradation products seem to be transferred through PDs of phloem parenchyma and rays during cambial reactivation and budbreak. PD transfer of storage proteins is a novelty which supports the concept of symplasmic nutrient supply to the cambial region. |
### Instruction:
Is tamoxifen associated with lower mortality of encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis : results of the Dutch Multicentre EPS Study?
### Response:
| Tamoxifen treatment in EPS patients is associated with lower mortality and shows a trend to an increased multivariate-adjusted survival. This supports additional use of tamoxifen to treat patients with severe EPS. |
### Instruction:
Does anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction result in alterations in gait variability?
### Response:
| The larger LyE values indicate that the reconstructed knees of both reconstructed groups exhibit more divergence in the movement trajectories during gait. The larger Lye values found in the intact leg in both reconstructed groups could be interpreted as a compensatory mechanism. However, the increased divergence found in both limbs may present an alternative explanation for the impaired neuromuscular performance and increased susceptibility to future pathology, which is supported by the increased amount of osteoarthritis found in ACL-reconstructed patients. |
### Instruction:
Does gestational age at previous preterm birth affect cerclage efficacy?
### Response:
| Although there is an association between previous SPTB gestational age and cervical length in women with a mid-trimester cervical length of <25 mm, there does not appear to be a disproportionate benefit of cerclage in women with earlier previous SPTB. |
### Instruction:
Do intragraft tubular vimentin and CD44 expression correlate with long-term renal allograft function and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy?
### Response:
| Summarizing, de novo tubular expression of CD44 and vimentin can function as surrogate marker for IF/TA and eGFR at 12 months. Further area under receiver operator characteristic curve analysis has to establish the predictive value for both biomarkers. |
### Instruction:
Is a frequent variant in the ABCA1 gene associated with increased coronary heart disease risk and a better response to statin treatment in familial hypercholesterolemia patients?
### Response:
| In untreated FH patients, the TT genotype of the ABCA1 C69T polymorphism was associated with increased CHD risk. However, in statin-treated patients, CHD risk was no longer significantly different between genotypes, at least partially explained by a higher rise in HDL-cholesterol levels during statin treatment in TT individuals. |
### Instruction:
Are wood smoke exposure and gene promoter methylation associated with increased risk for COPD in smokers?
### Response:
| These studies identify a novel link between wood smoke exposure and gene promoter methylation that synergistically increases the risk for reduced lung function in cigarette smokers. |
### Instruction:
Do vKORC1 haplotypes influence the performance characteristics of PIVKAII for screening of hepatocellular carcinoma?
### Response:
| VKORC1 haplotypes influence the performance characteristics of PIVKAII for screening of HCC. Thus, measurement could be complementary for PIVKAII in HCC screening. |
### Instruction:
Is thymic stromal lymphopoietin required for gastrointestinal allergy but not oral tolerance?
### Response:
| TSLP is required for allergic inflammation but not primary sensitization or tolerance to food proteins in the gastrointestinal tract; it amplifies Th2 responses directly from CD4(+) T cells. |
### Instruction:
Do patients with irritable bowel syndrome have altered emotional modulation of neural responses to visceral stimuli?
### Response:
| IBS patients appear to have disrupted emotional modulation of neural responses to visceral stimuli, possibly reflecting the neural basis for altered visceral interoception by stress and negative emotions. |
### Instruction:
Is adjuvant radiation therapy associated with improved survival for adenoid cystic carcinoma of the breast?
### Response:
| RT after local surgical therapy for ACC of the breast improved both cause-specific and overall survival. Use of RT in this rare tumor should be considered in patients otherwise eligible for RT. |
### Instruction:
Is endovascular repair of thoracic aortic traumatic transections a safe method in patients with complicated injuries?
### Response:
| Endovascular repair of traumatic thoracic aortic transections can be performed safely with a relatively low mortality and morbidity and should be the procedure of choice for patients presenting with traumatic thoracic aortic ruptures. |
### Instruction:
Do early fluid resuscitation with hyperoncotic hydroxyethyl starch 200/0.5 ( 10 % ) in severe burn injury?
### Response:
| This small study indicates that the application of hyperoncotic HES 200/0.5 (10%) within the first 24 hours after severe burn injury may be associated with fatal outcome and should therefore be used with caution. |
### Instruction:
Does microarray analysis of a salamander hopeful monster reveal transcriptional signatures of paedomorphic brain development?
### Response:
| Many of the unique tiger salamander transcriptional responses are probably associated with metamorphic biological processes. However, the axolotl also showed unique patterns of transcription early in development. In particular, the axolotl showed a genome-wide reduction in mRNA abundance across loci, including genes that regulate hypothalamic-pituitary activities. This suggests that an axolotls failure to undergo anatomical metamorphosis late in the larval period is indirectly associated with a mechanism(s) that acts earlier in development to broadly program transcription. The axolotl hopeful monster provides a model to identify mechanisms of early brain development that proximally and ultimately affect the expression of adult phenotypes. |
### Instruction:
Does task-related modulation of anterior theta and posterior alpha EEG reflect top-down preparation?
### Response:
| Since task-differences were reflected in both theta and alpha activities prior to stimulus onset, both prestimulus theta (particularly around the anterior region) and prestimulus alpha (particularly around the posterior region) activities may reflect prestimulus top-down preparation for the performance of subsequent tasks. |
### Instruction:
Do breast cancer stromal fibroblasts promote the generation of CD44+CD24- cells through SDF-1/CXCR4 interaction?
### Response:
| We for the first time investigated the effects of stromal fibroblasts on CD44+CD24- cells and our findings indicated that breast CAFs contribute to CD44+CD24- cell proliferation through the secretion of SDF-1, and which may be important target for therapeutic approaches. |
### Instruction:
Are normalized bioimpedance indices better predictors of outcome in peritoneal dialysis patients?
### Response:
| Measures that normalize, such as BCI and CH(2), have higher risk discrimination and survival prediction ability than measures that do not normalize, such as phase angle. Unlike phase angle, measurement of BCI overcomes the gender effect. In this study, the best risk indicator for CAPD patients versus the general population is BCI, reflecting deficit in nutritional concentration, while CH(2) reflects total nutritional deficit and thus is the major risk indicator for survival of CAPD patients. |
### Instruction:
Do dcr3 inhibit p53-dependent apoptosis in gamma-irradiated lung cancer cells?
### Response:
| Characterisation of gene expression profiles in two lung cancer cell lines revealed that Dcr3 expression and p53-dependent apoptosis signalling pathway regulate cellular response to ionising radiation. |
### Instruction:
Is transport of premature infants associated with increased risk for intraventricular haemorrhage?
### Response:
| Inter-hospital transport of VLBW Infants is correlated with increased incidence and severity of IVH. This correlation has remained constant over the recent years. |
### Instruction:
Is phenol chemical matricectomy less painful , with shorter recovery times but higher recurrence rates , than surgical matricectomy : a patient 's view?
### Response:
| Both matricectomies have advantages and disadvantages. We should discuss these issues with our patients to help them decide on the kind of matricectomy. |
### Instruction:
Does gimeracil sensitize cells to radiation via inhibition of homologous recombination?
### Response:
| Gimeracil inhibits HR. Because HR plays key roles in the repair of DSBH caused by radiotherapy, Gimeracil may enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy through the suppression of HR-mediated DNA repair pathways. |
### Instruction:
Does z-ligustilide attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced proinflammatory response via inhibiting NF-kappaB pathway in primary rat microglia?
### Response:
| LIG exerted a potent anti-inflammatory effect on microglia through inhibition of NF-kappaB pathway. The data provide direct evidence of the neuroprotective effects of LIG and the potential application of LIG for the treatment of the neuroinflammatory diseases characterized by excessive microglial activation. |
### Instruction:
Does activation of AMPK inhibit cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by modulating of the FOXO1/MuRF1 signaling pathway in vitro?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrates that AMPK activation attenuates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by modulating the atrophy-related FOXO1/MuRF1 signaling pathway in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Is activation of the ERK signaling pathway involved in CD151-induced angiogenic effects on the formation of CD151-integrin complexes?
### Response:
| This study suggests that activation of the ERK signaling pathway may be involved in the angiogenic effects of CD151. Activation of ERK was dependent on the formation of CD151-integrin complexes. Therefore modulation of CD151 may be as a novel therapeutic strategy for regulating angiogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Do hepatotoxicity fears contribute to underutilization of statin medications by primary care physicians?
### Response:
| Despite extensive data documenting safety of statins, primary care physicians harbor significant hepatotoxicity concerns, and these concerns act as a barrier to statin utilization. |
### Instruction:
Is vitamin B-12 status associated with plasma homocysteine in parents and their preschool children : lacto-ovo , lacto , and ovo vegetarians and omnivores?
### Response:
| Vegetarian parents and their preschool children had a lower vitamin B-12 intake than omnivorous parents and their preschool children but similar plasma vitamin B-12 and homocysteine concentrations. Plasma homocysteine was not associated with serum vitamin B-12 levels in the parent, child, or pooled group. |
### Instruction:
Does strawberry modulate LDL oxidation and postprandial lipemia in response to high-fat meal in overweight hyperlipidemic men and women?
### Response:
| The present results support a role for strawberry in mitigating fed-state oxidative stressors that may contribute to atherogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Is extreme premature birth associated with impaired development of brain microstructure?
### Response:
| Brain microstructure maturation as measured serially in premature infants is independent of extremely premature birth. Brain injury and co-morbid conditions may be the important determinants of microstructure maturation. |
### Instruction:
Does intraoperative systolic blood pressure variability predict 30-day mortality in aortocoronary bypass surgery patients?
### Response:
| Intraoperative blood pressure variability is associated with 30-day postoperative mortality in patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does perioperative hypothermia ( 33 degrees C ) increase the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery : findings from the Intraoperative Hypothermia for Aneurysm Surgery Trial?
### Response:
| In patients undergoing cerebral aneurysm surgery, perioperative hypothermia was not associated with an increased occurrence of cardiovascular events. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel mouse c-fos intronic promoter that respond to CREB and AP-1 is developmentally regulated in vivo?
### Response:
| Our results provide evidence for a novel, developmentally regulated promoter in the first intron of the c-fos gene. |
### Instruction:
Do intermediate phenotypes identify divergent pathways to Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| The findings support the association of several loci with AD, and suggest how intermediate phenotypes can enhance analysis of susceptibility loci in this complex genetic disorder. |
### Instruction:
Does caffeine prevent transcription inhibition and P-TEFb/7SK dissociation following UV-induced DNA damage?
### Response:
| Pharmacological prevention of P-TEFb/7SK snRNP dissociation and transcription inhibition following UV-induced DNA damage is correlated. |
### Instruction:
Does multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection predict antimalarial treatment outcome in Ugandan children?
### Response:
| Multiple-strain infection reduced response to antimalarial therapy. Strategies that reduce multiple-strain infections (intermitted presumptive treatment, indoor residual spraying, insecticide treated nets and efficacious drugs) are likely to improve antimalarial drug efficacy and reduce rate of spread of drug resistance. |
### Instruction:
Are youth of West Cameroon at high risk of developing IDD due to low dietary iodine and high dietary thiocyanate?
### Response:
| Presence of endemic iodine deficiency and excessive thiocyanate in the population indicates that the region is at risk of iodine deficiency disorder. A multifactorial approach that includes improvement of diet, increasing iodine and minimizing goitrogen substances intake, soil and crop improvement and an iodine supplementation program may help alleviate IDD in the affected area studied. |
### Instruction:
Are younger women with symptomatic peripheral arterial disease at increased risk of depressive symptoms?
### Response:
| Significant depressive symptoms are more common in younger women with PAD than in other gender-age groups, both at the time of diagnosis and 6 months later. To eradicate gender-based disparities in PAD, depression screening and monitoring in younger women may be an important direction for future research and intervention. |
### Instruction:
Does the -351A/G polymorphism of ESR1 is associate with risk of myocardial infarction but not with extreme longevity?
### Response:
| The -351A/G ESR1 polymorphism might be associated with MI, but not with extreme longevity. |
### Instruction:
Is intravenous lidocaine as effective as epidural bupivacaine in reducing ileus duration , hospital stay , and pain after open colon resection : a randomized clinical trial?
### Response:
| No differences were observed between groups in terms of return of bowel function, duration of hospital stay, and postoperative pain control, suggesting that IV infusion of local anesthetic may be an effective alternative to epidural therapy in patients in whom epidural anesthesia is contraindicated or not desired. |
### Instruction:
Is lipids-induced apoptosis aggravated by acyl-coenzyme A : cholesterol acyltransferase inhibitor?
### Response:
| Lipids could induce apoptosis, accompanied by increase of intracellular free cholesterol content, which could be augmented by ACATI, suggesting that insults resulting in ER free cholesterol rise might be the initiator of apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Is dTNBP1 gene associated with some symptom factors of schizophrenia in Chinese Han nationality?
### Response:
| DTNBP1 variations are possibly associated with some symptoms of schizophrenia, which could partly explain the relationship between the susceptibility gene DTNBP1 and that disease. |
### Instruction:
Does the use of different methods for rapid determination of the ESR induce DAS28 misclassification in clinical practice?
### Response:
| ESR measured by automated analysers like Alifax show acceptable ICC but LoA are large compared to the Westergren ESR. The Alifax Roller Test-1TH is very rapid but DAS28 misclassification is considerable and even as large as when using the ESR of the previous visit. |
### Instruction:
Is osPIE1 , the rice ortholog of Arabidopsis PHOTOPERIOD-INDEPENDENT EARLY FLOWERING1 , essential for embryo development?
### Response:
| Taken together, our results suggest that OsPIE1 is the rice ortholog of Arabidopsis PIE1 and plays an essential role in rice embryo development. |
### Instruction:
Does female authorship in emergency medicine parallel women practicing academic emergency medicine?
### Response:
| As measured by first and second authorship, there was no discrepancy between the proportion of female EM faculty and the proportion of female authorship in EM literature from 2005. |
### Instruction:
Does multidrug donor preconditioning prevent cold liver preservation and reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| MDDP abolished the inflammation response and was capable of completely preventing the manifestation of parenchymal injury. Thus, MDDP potentiates the protective effects reported after single-drug donor preconditioning and may therefore be an interesting approach to improve the outcome in clinical liver transplantation. |
### Instruction:
Is insomnia severity associated with a decreased volume of the CA3/dentate gyrus hippocampal subfield?
### Response:
| The findings indicate for the first time in humans that insomnia severity is associated with volume loss of the CA3/dentate subfields. This is consistent with animal studies showing that chronic sleep disruption is associated with decreased neurogenesis and dendritic branching in these structures. |
### Instruction:
Is amiodarone-induced thyrotoxicosis in children and adolescents a possible outcome in patients with low iodine intake?
### Response:
| AIT is not an uncommon complication in countries with low iodine intake. AIT can be asymptomatic and can occur at any time in patients receiving amiodarone therapy. It is also very important to distinguish the type of AIT when planning therapy. Steroid therapy should be started when findings indicate type II or mixed-type AIT. Beta blockers may prevent heart thyrotoxicosis and recurrence of primary arrhythmia if amiodarone is discontinued. |
### Instruction:
Do clinical update on the use of moxifloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired complicated intraabdominal infections?
### Response:
| Moxifloxacin provides clinicians with a convenient monotherapy option for the treatment of mild-to-moderate cIAIs. |
### Instruction:
Do evaluation of the burn healing properties of oil extraction from housefly larva in mice?
### Response:
| The study provides useful information that the housefly larva oil could be used as a natural ointment to heal the burn wound. |
### Instruction:
Does surgical result in the management of advanced primary congenital glaucoma in a rural pediatric population?
### Response:
| Our surgical outcomes in children with advanced PCG demonstrated moderate overall improvement in IOP and modest improvement of VA. Deep deprivation amblyopia, severe disease manifestation at presentation, opaque corneas, and frequent lens dislocation limited the possible success. These data further signify the need for effective, timely screening of children and prompt recognition by health care workers to reduce the rate of avoidable blindness in developing countries. |
### Instruction:
Does chitosan-alginate scaffold culture system for hepatocellular carcinoma increase malignancy and drug resistance?
### Response:
| This 3D model of HCC, with its ability to more closely mimic the in vivo tumor behavior, may serve as an invaluable model for study and application of novel anticancer therapeutics against HCC. |
### Instruction:
Are homozygous mutations in NEUROD1 responsible for a novel syndrome of permanent neonatal diabetes and neurological abnormalities?
### Response:
| We describe a novel clinical syndrome that results from homozygous loss of function mutations in NEUROD1. It is characterized by permanent neonatal diabetes and a consistent pattern of neurological abnormalities including cerebellar hypoplasia, learning difficulties, sensorineural deafness, and visual impairment. This syndrome highlights the critical role of NEUROD1 in both the development of the endocrine pancreas and the central nervous system in humans. |
### Instruction:
Does prolonged fasting identify skeletal muscle mitochondrial dysfunction as consequence rather than cause of human insulin resistance?
### Response:
| These findings confirm that the insulin-resistant state has secondary negative effects on mitochondrial function. Given the low insulin and glucose levels after prolonged fasting, hyperglycemia and insulin action per se can be excluded as underlying mechanisms, pointing toward elevated plasma FFA and/or intramuscular fat accumulation as possible causes for the observed reduction in mitochondrial capacity. |
### Instruction:
Are voriconazole exposure and geographic location independent risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the skin among lung transplant recipients?
### Response:
| Voriconazole exposure is a risk factor for SCC after lung transplantation, particularly among older patients living in areas with high sun exposure. Voriconazole should be used cautiously in these patients. |
### Instruction:
Does supplementation of diet with krill oil protect against experimental rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| The study suggests that krill oil may be a useful intervention strategy against the clinical and histopathological signs of inflammatory arthritis. |
### Instruction:
Is heart rate on admission an independent risk factor for poor cardiac function and in-hospital death after acute myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that increased HR on admission predicts for poor cardiac function and in-hospital death after AMI. |
### Instruction:
Does ecabet sodium promote the healing of trinitrobenzene-sulfonic-acid-induced ulceration by enhanced restitution of intestinal epithelial cells?
### Response:
| Daily administration of an ES enema promoted the healing of intestinal mucosal injury, in part by the enhanced restitution of intestinal epithelial cells via extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation. ES may thus represent a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. |
### Instruction:
Is wDR3 gene haplotype associated with thyroid cancer risk in a Spanish population?
### Response:
| These results indicate for the first time that WDR3 is a risk factor to thyroid cancer, suggesting its implication in the etiology of thyroid cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is co-administration of ibuprofen and nitric oxide an effective experimental therapy for muscular dystrophy , with immediate applicability to humans?
### Response:
| Co-administration of NO and ibuprofen provided synergistic beneficial effects in a mouse model of muscular dystrophy, leading to an effective therapy. Our results open the possibility of immediate clinical testing of a combination of ISDN and ibuprofen in dystrophic patients, as both components are approved for use in humans, with a good safety profile. |
### Instruction:
Is altered blood glucose concentration associated with risk of death among patients with community-acquired Gram-negative rod bacteremia?
### Response:
| Same day of bacteremia blood glucose concentration is related with outcome of patients with Gram-negative rod bacteremia. Lowest mortality is detected in patients with blood glucose concentration in an interval of 150-160 mg/dL. Deviations from these values are associated with an increased risk of death. |
### Instruction:
Do corticosteroids worsen proteinuria and increase intraglomerular signaling by NF-ĸB in a model of membranous glomerulonephritis?
### Response:
| These data suggest that agents predicted to inhibit NF-κB might have opposing effects in membranous glomerulonephritis. The use of steroids to treat membranous glomerulonephritis, therefore, might produce unpredictable results, depending on whether suppression of the systemic immune response or inflammatory events within the kidney is more important in a particular patient. |
### Instruction:
Are polymorphisms in TGFB1 and PDGFRB associated with Moyamoya disease in European patients?
### Response:
| Our results indicate possible genetic risk factors for the genesis of MMD. TGFB1 and PDGFRB are involved in vascular growth and transformation processes which may play a role in the development of MMD. Further analyses in larger European cohorts and replication in patients of different ethnicity, as well as functional studies, may lead to possible early detection of patients at risk for developing MMD and subsequently to future preventive therapies. |
### Instruction:
Is histone deacetylase 1 required for transforming growth factor-beta1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition?
### Response:
| our results demonstrate that HDAC1 is required for TGF-beta1-induced EMT and cell migration in hepatocytes. Its high expression levels in majority of invasive HCC samples suggest that, by promoting EMT, HDAC1 can be related with the invasiveness of HCC. The data also suggest that the repression of transcription of ZO-1 and E-cadherin by HDAC1 may be involved in TGF-beta1-induced EMT. |
### Instruction:
Does cadmium impair albumin reabsorption by down-regulating megalin and ClC5 channels in renal proximal tubule cells?
### Response:
| We found that Cd reduced the transcriptional expression of megalin and ClC5 and, at the same time, increased the degradation of megalin and ClC5 proteins via the lysosomal pathway in an in vitro model of renal proximal tubular cells. Overall, these results provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms by which Cd impairs luminal protein reabsorption by renal proximal tubules. |
### Instruction:
Are purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity and expression upregulated in sites affected by periodontal disease?
### Response:
| Purine nucleoside phosphorylase activity and expression are upregulated in periodontally diseased sites and can be detected in the gingival crevicular fluid. |
### Instruction:
Is clostridium perfringens enterotoxin carboxy-terminal fragment a novel tumor-homing peptide for human ovarian cancer?
### Response:
| Based on the high levels of claudin-3 and -4 expression in chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer and other highly aggressive human epithelial tumors including breast, prostate and pancreatic cancers, CPE peptide holds promise as a lead peptide for the development of new diagnostic tracers or alternative anticancer agents. |
### Instruction:
Does oX40 ligand play an important role in the development of atherosclerosis through vasa vasorum neovascularization?
### Response:
| These results indicate that the vascular OX40/OX40L system plays an important role in the formation of vasa vasorum and subsequent atherosclerosis, suggesting that the vascular OX40/OX40L system might be a new therapeutic target of atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does early maternal deprivation affect dentate gyrus structure and emotional learning in adult female rats?
### Response:
| Although early life stress exposure did not impair hippocampus-dependent functioning in female offspring, it irreversibly affected DG structure by reducing cell numbers. This may be relevant for the reduced hippocampal volume observed in depression and the increased vulnerability of women to develop depression. |
### Instruction:
Does a functional NOS1 promoter polymorphism interact with adverse environment on functional and dysfunctional impulsivity?
### Response:
| This study provides further evidence that short alleles of NOS1 ex1f-VNTR go along with impulsive behavior. In the absence of adverse environmental conditions, this may lead to a beneficial effect as functional forms of impulsivity are affected. This however is reversed under negative conditions, as dysfunctional impulsivity is increased under these circumstances. This data provides evidence that NOS1 ex1f-VNTR is subject to balancing selection potentially explaining persistence of the risk allele in the population. |
### Instruction:
Does carotid artery intima media thickness associate with skin autofluoresence in non-diabetic subjects without clinically manifest cardiovascular disease?
### Response:
| IMT is positively related to skin AF, independently of clinical factors, (apo)lipoproteins and MetS, suggesting that skin AF represents a determinant of subclinical atherosclerosis. Increased skin AF may reflect early abnormalities in processes involved in atherosclerosis development. |
### Instruction:
Is hyaluronic acid metabolism increased in unstable plaques?
### Response:
| We show for the first time that increased hyaluronic acid metabolism and elevated CD44 levels are associated with plaque destabilization potentially by increased MMP-9 activity and stimulation of angiogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling mediate beta-catenin activation in intestinal epithelial stem and progenitor cells in colitis?
### Response:
| PI3K-Akt signaling cooperates with Wnt to increase beta-catenin signaling during inflammation. PI3K-induced and Akt-mediated beta-catenin signaling are required for progenitor cell activation during the progression from CUC to CAC; these factors might be used as biomarkers of dysplastic transformation in the colon. |
### Instruction:
Does newer insights into the mechanism of action of Psidium guajava L. leave in infectious diarrhoea?
### Response:
| Collectively, the results indicate that the decoction of P. guajava leaves is an effective antidiarrhoeal agent and that the entire spectrum of its antidiarrhoeal activity is not due to quercetin alone. |
### Instruction:
Does early removal of central venous catheter in patients with candidemia improve outcome : analysis of 842 patients from 2 randomized clinical trials?
### Response:
| In this cohort of 842 adults with candidemia followed up prospectively, early CVC removal was not associated with any clinical benefit. These findings suggest an evidence-based re-evaluation of current treatment recommendations. |
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