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### Instruction:
Is aging over 70 Years a Decisively Dismal Prognostic Factor in Gastric Cancer Surgery?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated that there was more number of accompanying disorders with a high surgical risk in the older age group. However, there was no significant difference between the older and younger age groups in terms of the incidence of complications, under the given disease conditions and if proper management was provided. |
### Instruction:
Does body mass index have a linear relationship with cerebrospinal fluid pressure?
### Response:
| CSFP has a positive, linear relationship with BMI. IOP is not influenced by BMI. If CSFP influences the risk for POAG, then individuals with a lower BMI may have an increased risk for developing POAG. Similarly, a higher BMI may be protective. |
### Instruction:
Does targeting of junctional adhesion molecule-C inhibit experimental choroidal neovascularization?
### Response:
| JAM-C blockade may prove useful for CNV suppression by inhibiting macrophage transmigration, RPE cell migration, and monolayer RPE barrier malfunction. |
### Instruction:
Is nF-κB the transcription factor for FGF-2 that causes endothelial mesenchymal transformation in cornea?
### Response:
| These data suggest that IL-1β signaling combines the canonical pathway and the PI 3-kinase signaling to upregulate FGF-2 production through NF-κB, which plays a key role as a transcription factor of FGF-2 gene. |
### Instruction:
Does an allele of microtubule-associated protein 1A ( Mtap1a ) reduce photoreceptor degeneration in Tulp1 and Tub Mutant Mice?
### Response:
| It was demonstrated that the gene Mtap1a, which modifies hearing loss in Tub(tub/tub) mice, also modifies retinal degeneration in Tub(tub/tub) and Tulp1(tm1Pjn/tm1Pjn) mice. These results suggest that functionally nonredundant members of the TULP family (TUB and TULP1) share a common functional interaction with MTAP1A. |
### Instruction:
Does ranolazine improve cardiac diastolic dysfunction through modulation of myofilament calcium sensitivity?
### Response:
| Diastolic dysfunction could be reversed by ranolazine, probably resulting from a direct effect on myofilaments, indicating that cardiac oxidative stress may mediate diastolic dysfunction through altering the contractile apparatus. |
### Instruction:
Is polypectomy rate a valid quality measure for colonoscopy : results from a national endoscopy database?
### Response:
| Retrospective analysis of a subset of a national endoscopic database. |
### Instruction:
Is a six-nucleotide deletion polymorphism in the casp8 promoter associated with reduced risk of esophageal and gastric cancers in Kashmir valley?
### Response:
| Polymorphism in CASP8 -652 6N ins/del polymorphism modulates the risk of EC and GC in Kashmir valley. |
### Instruction:
Do dexmedetomidine and hydroxyzine synergistically potentiate the hypnotic activity of propofol in mice?
### Response:
| Dexmedetomidine and hydroxyzine demonstrated no hypnotic action alone; however, their coadministration potentiated the hypnotic activity of propofol. Although reduction in the dose of propofol was similar, only dexmedetomidine prolonged the duration of hypnosis. |
### Instruction:
Does sevoflurane inhibit invasion and migration of lung cancer cells by inactivating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway?
### Response:
| The anti-invasion effect of sevoflurane on A549 cells was associated with a downregulation of both MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression, while the anti-migration effect was associated with a downregulation of both fascin and ezrin expression. These effects could occur partly as a result of inactivation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is impaired post-ischaemic microvascular hyperaemia in Indian Asians unexplained by diabetes or other cardiovascular risk factors?
### Response:
| People of Indian Asian descent have impaired post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia unexplained by diabetes, dysglycaemia or other CVD risk factors. Abnormal microvascular function in response to ischaemia could represent a novel mechanism contributing to the elevated risk of CVD in Indian Asians. |
### Instruction:
Does annexin A5 prevent post-interventional accelerated atherosclerosis development in a dose-dependent fashion in mice?
### Response:
| AnxA5 SNPs could serve as markers for restenosis after PCI and AnxA5 therapeutically prevents vascular remodeling in a dose-dependent fashion, together indicating clinical potential for AnxA5 against post-interventional remodeling. |
### Instruction:
Do polyclonal immunoglobulin free light chain levels predict survival in myeloid neoplasms?
### Response:
| Increased plasma FLC concentration predicts inferior survival in both PMF and MDS. Its lack of correlation with leukemia-free survival and tumor-specific genetic markers suggests a primarily host-driven biologic phenomenon that might be more broadly applicable. |
### Instruction:
Does hepatitis delta virus infect the cells of hepadnavirus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in woodchucks?
### Response:
| Cells of WHV-induced HCCs are susceptible to HDV infection in vivo, and therefore express functional putative WHV receptors and support the steps of the attachment/entry governed by the hepadnavirus envelope proteins. Because others previously hypothesized that hepadnavirus-induced HCCs are resistant to reinfection with a hepadnavirus in vivo, our data suggest that if such a resistance exists it likely occurs via a block at the post-entry step. The demonstrated ability of HDV to infect already formed HCCs may facilitate development of novel strategies further dissecting the mechanism of liver pathogenesis associated with HDV infection. |
### Instruction:
Does lupeol prevent acetaminophen-induced in vivo hepatotoxicity by altering the Bax/Bcl-2 and oxidative stress-mediated mitochondrial signaling cascade?
### Response:
| The conclusion of this study is that lupeol when co-administered with AAP effectively reduces oxidative stress and prevents AAP-induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting critical control points of apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Do application of second derivative spectroscopy for increasing molecular specificity of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic imaging of articular cartilage?
### Response:
| The results of this study suggest that the second derivative spectroscopy offers a practical and more specific method than routinely used absorption spectrum analysis methods to obtain compositional information on AC with FT-IR spectroscopic imaging. |
### Instruction:
Does periodic 48 h feed withdrawal improve glucose tolerance in growing pigs by enhancing adipogenesis and lipogenesis?
### Response:
| Results suggest that FW regimens influence fat cell function or lipogenesis rather than number, affecting glucose metabolism and may have implications in drug-free control of metabolic syndrome symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Is humanin , a cytoprotective peptide , expressed in carotid atherosclerotic [ corrected ] plaques in humans?
### Response:
| The study demonstrates a higher expression of HN in unstable carotid plaques that is localized to multiple cell types within the plaque. These data support the involvement of HN in atherosclerosis, possibly as an endogenous response to the inflammatory and apoptotic processes within the atheromatous plaque. |
### Instruction:
Does tissue Doppler echocardiography improve the diagnosis of coronary artery stenosis in stable angina pectoris?
### Response:
| In patients with suspected SAP colour TDI performed at rest is an independent predictor of significant CAD, and colour TDI improves the diagnostic performance of exercise ECG. |
### Instruction:
Do fetal cerebrovascular resistance and neonatal EEG predict 18-month neurodevelopmental outcome in infants with congenital heart disease?
### Response:
| In fetuses with HLHS, TGA and TOF, abnormal cerebrovascular resistance predicts decreased neonatal EEG left frontal beta power and lower 18-month cognitive development scores. |
### Instruction:
Does early microsurgical treatment for spinal hemangioblastomas improve outcome in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease?
### Response:
| Although documented growth on serial MRIs and the need for pathological diagnosis have been suggested as indications for surgery in otherwise asymptomatic patients, our series showed that a potentially larger group of asymptomatic patients with spinal HB associated with VHL would benefit from microsurgical resection. Long-term results of the surgical management of spinal HB are generally favorable. Our results suggest staging and early treatment for spinal HB larger than 55 mm(3), especially in patients with VHL. Small spinal HBs may be followed up. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel ABCC8 mutation illustrate the variability of the diabetes phenotypes associated with a single mutation?
### Response:
| This case describes a novel ABCC8 mutation and offers a further illustration of the highly variable phenotypes associated with an identical mutation present across three generations. |
### Instruction:
Are anti-citrullinated fibronectin antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis associated with human leukocyte antigen-DRB1 shared epitope alleles?
### Response:
| Fibronectin in the inflamed synovia of RA patients can be citrullinated at least at five positions. Together with the flanking amino acids, three of these citrullinated residues comprise two epitopes recognized by RA autoantibodies. Anti-citrullinated fibronectin peptide antibodies are associated with HLA shared epitope alleles. |
### Instruction:
Is fecal calprotectin a surrogate marker for endoscopic lesions in inflammatory bowel disease?
### Response:
| Fecal calprotectin levels correlate significantly with endoscopic disease activity in IBD. The test appears useful in clinical practice for assessment of endoscopic activity and remission. |
### Instruction:
Does caffeine increase the motivation to obtain non-drug reinforcers in rats?
### Response:
| The findings suggest that caffeine enhances the reinforcing effects of non-drug stimuli, but that the pharmacological profile of these effects may differ from other psychomotor stimulants. |
### Instruction:
Is frequent ice cream consumption associated with reduced striatal response to receipt of an ice cream-based milkshake?
### Response:
| Our results provide novel evidence that frequent consumption of ice cream, independent of body fat, is related to a reduction in reward-region responsivity in humans, paralleling the tolerance observed in drug addiction. Data also imply that intake of a particular energy-dense food results in attenuated reward-region responsivity specifically to that food, which suggests that sensory aspects of eating and reward learning may drive the specificity. |
### Instruction:
Do proteome and computational analyses reveal new insights into the mechanisms of hepatitis C virus-mediated liver disease posttransplantation?
### Response:
| Our proteome and metabolome analyses provide new insights into the role for increased oxidative stress in the rapid fibrosis progression observed in HCV(+) liver transplant recipients. These findings may prove useful in prognostic applications for predicting early progression to fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary supplementation with probiotics improve hematopoiesis in malnourished mice?
### Response:
| Protein malnutrition significantly alters B cell development in BM. The treatment of malnourished mice with L. rhamnosus CRL1505 was able to induce a recovery of B cells that would explain its ability to increase immunity against infections. This work highlights the possibility of using immunobiotics to accelerate the recovery of lymphopoyesis in immunocompromised-malnourished hosts. |
### Instruction:
Does motor learning characterize habilitation of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy?
### Response:
| Motor habilitation in CP exhibits some traits of motor learning. Optimal treatment may not require an extensive repertoire of tasks but rather a select set to promote generalization. |
### Instruction:
Does 18F-FDG PET/CT predict survival after radioembolization of hepatic metastases from breast cancer?
### Response:
| The change in SUV(max) as assessed by (18)F-FDG PET/CT before and 3 mo after SIRT was identified as the only independent predictor of survival in patients with hepatic metastases of breast cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does cCR5Δ32 genotype lead to a Th2 type directed immune response in ESRD patients?
### Response:
| This first, functional human study shows a more pronounced Th2 type immune response in CCR5Δ32 carriers compared to non carriers. These differences may be involved in the previously observed protection from inflammation-associated mortality in ESRD patients carrying CCR5Δ32. |
### Instruction:
Does variability in CNR1 locus influence protein intake and smoking status in the Central-European population?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that specific genetic variations in the CNR1 gene may act as susceptibility markers for specific dietary composition in the Central-European population. |
### Instruction:
Are anxiety and depression associated with coping strategies in caregivers of Alzheimer 's disease patients : results from the MÁLAGA-AD study?
### Response:
| These results may be useful for designing treatment interventions that aim to modify the use of coping strategies and thus reduces caregiver anxiety and depression. |
### Instruction:
Do the incidence and the risk factors for iatrogenic retinal breaks during pars plana vitrectomy?
### Response:
| Eyes undergoing PPV for TRD had significantly higher frequency of iatrogenic retinal breaks compared with other subgroups (P=0.0001). Phakia and absence of PVD were found to be risk factors for iatrogenic retinal breaks. |
### Instruction:
Is increase in volume of ablation zones during follow-up highly suggestive of ablation site recurrence in colorectal liver metastases treated with radiofrequency ablation?
### Response:
| Volumetry of AZs is useful because a volume increase of an AZ during follow-up is highly suggestive of ASR. Negative volume changes of the AZ from t1-t2 were not correlated with the development of ASRs, but subsequent volume changes were predictive for ASRs. |
### Instruction:
Does bortezomib reverse the proliferative and antiapoptotic effect of neuropeptides on prostate cancer cells?
### Response:
| These findings are consistent with bortezomib-mediated abrogation of neuropeptides-induced proliferative and antiapoptotic signaling. Thus, the effect of the drug on the neuropeptides axis needs to be further investigated, as neuropeptide action in prostate cancer might entail involvement of the proteasome. |
### Instruction:
Does pseudomonas putida NBRIC19 dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase ( SucB ) gene control degradation of toxic allelochemicals produced by Parthenium hysterophorus?
### Response:
| Study revealed that SucB gene regulates processes either directly or indirectly in Ps. putida NBRIC19, which on inactivation made the mutant less compatible for tolerating stress. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Tangential excision of deep partial thickness burn wound during an early stage without tourniquet ]?
### Response:
| Lamellate tangential excision of deep partial thickness burn wound during an early stage without tourniquet have advantages of smaller volumes of intraoperative blood loss, shorter operation duration and simpler procedures. Also the depth of tangential excision is easier to control so as to enhance the quality of wound healing. |
### Instruction:
Are sex differences in analgesic response to ibuprofen influenced by expectancy : a randomized , crossover , balanced placebo-designed study?
### Response:
| We found no sex difference in baseline pain threshold or tolerance levels. When partitioned by sex and expectancy state, analgesia only occurred in males during positive expectancy states at 2, 3 and 4 h post-placebo, and at 1 and 2 h post-ibuprofen. The time course of analgesic action in males was as expected considering the pharmacokinetic profile of ibuprofen. Our study found that dosages of 800 mg of ibuprofen are ineffective in producing analgesia in women regardless of their expectations. We hypothesize that ibuprofen analgesia is produced by a combination of specific pharmacological effects and a non-specific beta endorphin-mediated placebo effect. Whatever the mechanism responsible for the analgesic response seen in males, this research re-emphasizes the importance of psychological factors in determining drug response. It also shows that these factors can differ between men and women, and thus the contribution of psychological factors on analgesia needs to be seriously re-evaluated. |
### Instruction:
Does poor early graft function impair long-term outcome in living donor kidney transplantation?
### Response:
| Poor EGF occurs in 13.7% of living donor kidney allograft recipients. Both, rejection-free and long-term graft survivals are significantly lower in patients with poor EGF as compared to patients with immediate graft function. These results underline the clinical relevance of poor EGF as phenomenon after LDKT. |
### Instruction:
Is smoking cigarettes as a coping strategy for chronic pain associated with greater pain intensity and poorer pain-related function?
### Response:
| This paper describes the relationship between smoking cigarettes as a mechanism to cope with chronic pain and pain-related outcome. Understanding this relationship may illuminate the broader relationship between smoking and chronic pain and provide new directions for effective interdisciplinary pain treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does minocycline modulate antigen-specific CTL activity through inactivation of mononuclear phagocytes in patients with HTLV-I associated neurologic disease?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that minocycline directly inhibits the activated MPs and that the downregulation of MP function can modulate CD8⁺ T cells function in HAM/TSP patients. It is suggested that activated MPs may be a therapeutic target for clinical intervention in HAM/TSP. |
### Instruction:
Does platelet concentrate prepared after a 20- to 24-hour hold of the whole blood at 22°C?
### Response:
| Seven-day poststorage PLT viability is comparable when whole blood is stored for 22 ± 2 hours at 22°C using either refrigerated plates or an incubator to maintain temperature before preparing PLT concentrates. |
### Instruction:
Is topographic location of acute pontine infarction associated with the development of progressive motor deficits?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that lower pons lesions may contribute to progressive motor deficits in patients with isolated acute pontine infarction. Infarct topography is therefore a potential prognostic factor of PMD, because the location of the infarct can affect the extent of ischemic degeneration of the corticospinal tract. |
### Instruction:
Does atmospheric plasma enhance wettability and cell spreading on dental implant metals?
### Response:
| Plasma treatment reduced contact angle and supported spreading of osteoblastic cells. The application of cold plasma may be supportive in the treatment of peri-implant lesions and may improve the process of re-osseointegration. |
### Instruction:
Is the CMG ( CDC45/RecJ , MCM , GINS ) complex a conserved component of the DNA replication system in all archaea and eukaryotes?
### Response:
| The archaeal complex of a CDC45/RecJ homolog, MCM and GINS is homologous and most likely functionally analogous to the eukaryotic CMG complex, and appears to be a key component of the DNA replication machinery in all Archaea. It is inferred that the last common archaeo-eukaryotic ancestor encoded a CMG complex that contained an active nuclease of the RecJ family. The inactivated RecJ homologs in several archaeal lineages most likely are dedicated structural components of replication complexes. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Pretreatment of isolated vein with rapamycin nanoparticles inhibit vein graft stenosis in rabbits ]?
### Response:
| The local pretreatment of isolated vein with rapamycin nanoparticles may inhibit neointimal hyperplasia and prevent effectively vein graft stenosis. |
### Instruction:
Does an alternative subcoronary implantation technique decrease the risk of complete heart block after stentless aortic valve replacement?
### Response:
| Compared to the conventional subcoronary implantation technique, the alternative subcoronary implantation technique reduces the incidence of new CHB and the requirement of PPI following AVR with stentless tissue valves while preserving mid-term hemodynamic function. |
### Instruction:
Is sensitive parenting associated with plasma oxytocin and polymorphisms in the OXTR and CD38 genes?
### Response:
| Results indicate that peripheral and genetic markers of the extended OT pathway are interrelated and underpin core behaviors associated with human parenting and social engagement. These findings may have important implications for understanding neuropsychiatric disorders marked by early social dysfunctions. |
### Instruction:
Does galantamine attenuate the heroin seeking behaviors induced by cues after prolonged withdrawal in rats?
### Response:
| The results suggest that cholinergic transmission in the LDT may play a critical role in heroin-seeking behavior induced by cues and that galantamine may have the beneficial effect of blocking heroin-seeking behavior, which is mediated through its actions on the muscarinic receptors. |
### Instruction:
Do metalloproteinases regulate CD40L shedding from platelets and pulmonary recruitment of neutrophils in abdominal sepsis?
### Response:
| We describe a novel role of metalloproteinases in regulating platelet-dependent activation and infiltration of neutrophils in septic lung injury which might be related to controlling CD40L shedding from platelets. We conclude that targeting metalloproteinases may be a useful strategy for limiting acute lung injury in abdominal sepsis. |
### Instruction:
Do cord blood stem cells inhibit epidermal growth factor receptor translocation to mitochondria in glioblastoma?
### Response:
| We have shown that hUCBSC treatments inhibit phosphorylation of EGFR, FAK and c-Src forms. Our findings associate EGFR expression and its localization to mitochondria with specific biological functions in GBM cells and provide relevant preclinical information that can be used for the development of effective hUCBSC-based therapies. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops in patients with allergic rhinitis ]?
### Response:
| The dust mite drops can relieve symptoms after one year treatment, but the proposed two years treatment is important for the consolidation of improved symptoms, especially for the effect of reducing the use of symptomatic medication. |
### Instruction:
Are bimanual therapy and constraint-induced movement therapy equally effective in improving hand function in children with congenital hemiplegia?
### Response:
| CIMT and bimanual therapy resulted in similar improvements in hand function among young children with congenital hemiplegia. The bimanual therapy group made better progress on established goals. [Mean difference between groups calculated by the CAP Editor]. |
### Instruction:
Is the assessment of physiotherapy practice ( APP ) a reliable measure of professional competence of physiotherapy students : a reliability study?
### Response:
| Clinical educators demonstrated a high level of reliability when using the APP instrument to assess physiotherapy students' level of professional competence in workplace-based practice. |
### Instruction:
Does combining growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonist with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist greatly augment benign prostatic hyperplasia shrinkage?
### Response:
| A combination of growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonist with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonist potentiated a reduction in prostate weight in an experimental benign prostatic hyperplasia model. Results suggest that this shrinkage in prostate volume was induced by the direct inhibitory effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonists exerted through their respective prostatic receptors. These findings suggest that growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists and/or their combination with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone antagonists should be considered for further development as therapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. |
### Instruction:
Does stem cell therapy ameliorate bladder dysfunction in an animal model of Parkinson disease?
### Response:
| Cell therapy with human amniotic fluid stem cells and bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells temporarily ameliorated bladder dysfunction in a Parkinson disease model. In contrast to integration, cells may act on the injured environment via cell signaling. |
### Instruction:
Does maternal childrearing anxiety reflect childrearing burden and quality of life?
### Response:
| The strong associations between childrearing anxiety and childrearing burden, and between childrearing anxiety and maternal QOL, suggest that childrearing anxiety is an empirically credible and measurable phenomenon. |
### Instruction:
Does effect of universal neonatal transcutaneous bilirubin screening on blood draw for bilirubin analysis and phototherapy usage?
### Response:
| Universal TcB screening was implemented without increasing total blood draws or phototherapy treatment; however, it was associated with a shift in blood draws and phototherapy usage from inpatients to outpatients. |
### Instruction:
Does the cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor NS-398 influence trabecular or cortical bone gain resulting from repeated mechanical loading in female mice?
### Response:
| Pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 by NS-398 does not affect trabecular or cortical bone's response to repeated mechanical loading in female mice and thus would not be expected to impair the functional adaptation of bone to physical activity in women. |
### Instruction:
Does 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 promote CD200 expression by human peripheral and airway-resident T cells?
### Response:
| The capacity of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to induce CD200 expression by peripheral and respiratory tract T cells identifies an additional pathway via which vitamin D can restrain inflammation in the airways to maintain respiratory health. |
### Instruction:
Does diffusion-tensor MRI reveal the complex muscle architecture of the human forearm?
### Response:
| The proposed protocol was able to visualize the muscle architecture of the human forearm in great detail and showed excellent agreement with the dissected cadaver muscles. |
### Instruction:
Does magnesium sulfate reduce bacterial LPS-induced inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface?
### Response:
| MgSO4 administration inhibited placental inflammation during LPS-mediated maternal infection. Several placental inflammatory genes whose expression was regulated by LPS were reversed by MgSO4 treatment. Our data support the hypothesis that MgSO4 attenuates excessive inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface, which when uncontrolled may compromise neonatal health, including neurologic outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Is chitinase enzyme activity in CSF a powerful biomarker of Alzheimer disease?
### Response:
| Taken together, the findings in this study provide experimental evidence that DNA damage markers are significantly increased in AD and non-AD dementia. The biomarkers identified outperformed the standard CSF markers for diagnosing AD and non-AD dementia in the cohort investigated. |
### Instruction:
Is pRKCB associated with calcineurin inhibitor-induced renal dysfunction in heart transplant recipients?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that PRKCB may be a potential predictor of CNI-induced nephrotoxicity in heart transplant recipients, and could therefore be a promising candidate to identify patients who are most susceptible to this adverse drug reaction. |
### Instruction:
Is mesolimbic dopamine release linked to symptom severity in pathological gambling?
### Response:
| Striatal dopamine is released during gambling irrespective of gambling outcome suggesting that the mere expectation/prediction of reward is sufficient to induce dopaminergic changes. Although dopamine release during slot machine gambling is comparable between healthy controls and pathological gamblers, greater gambling symptom severity is associated with greater dopaminergic responses. Thus, as the dopamine reward deficiency theory predicts blunted mesolimbic dopamine responses to gambling in addicted individuals, our results question the validity of the reward deficiency hypothesis in pathological gambling. |
### Instruction:
Are calcium channel blockers inadequate for malignant hyperthermia crisis?
### Response:
| Ca(2+) channel blockers led to increased [Ca(2+)](i) in human skeletal muscle cells. The increase is thus scarcely affected by dantrolene treatment. Data provide a greater physiologic basis for avoiding the use of Ca(2+) channel blockers during MH crisis. |
### Instruction:
Do prenatal exposure to bisphenol A and child wheeze from birth to 3 years of age?
### Response:
| Mean prenatal BPA was associated with increased odds of wheeze in early life, and the effect diminished over time. Evaluating exposure at each prenatal time point demonstrated an association between wheeze from 6 months to 3 years and log-transformed BPA concentration at 16 weeks gestation only. |
### Instruction:
Does down-regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α expression in fatty acid-induced pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis involve nuclear factor-κB pathway?
### Response:
| NF-κB canonical pathway was activated in PA-mediated βTC3 cell apoptosis, whereas non-canonical pathway was inhibited. Reduced PGC-1α expression by PA in βTC3 cells could involve the activation of canonical NF-κB pathway, so as to deteriorate the PA induced apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Does serotyping and Cross-Reactivity 's Between Different Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate Prevalent in Iran?
### Response:
| Evaluation of the results obtained from the present study can be applied in production of reliable vaccines and antisera as therapeutic agents or as diagnostic kits. |
### Instruction:
Does modulation of regulatory T-cell activity in combination with interleukin-12 increase hepatic tolerogenicity in woodchucks with chronic hepatitis B?
### Response:
| Our data show that TGF-β inhibition or Treg depletion had no added benefit over IL-12 therapy in chronic WHV infection. IL-12 immunostimulation induces a strong immunosuppressive reaction in the liver of chronic WHV carriers that counteracts the antiviral effect of the treatment. |
### Instruction:
Is aCE inhibitor or angiotensin II receptor blocker use a risk factor for contrast-induced nephropathy?
### Response:
| Use of ACEI or ARB is an independent risk factor for developing CIN. It is reasonable to discontinue their use 48 hours prior to exposure to radiocontrast agents, especially in patients with multiple risk factors. |
### Instruction:
Is radiosensitization of normoxic and hypoxic h1339 lung tumor cells by heat shock protein 90 inhibition independent of hypoxia inducible factor-1α?
### Response:
| In summary, our data show a HIF-1α-independent radiosensitization of normoxic and hypoxic H1339 lung cancer cells by Hsp90 inhibition. |
### Instruction:
Is rNA-binding protein RBM24 required for sarcomere assembly and heart contractility?
### Response:
| We identified a novel role of the tissue-specific RNA-binding protein (RBP) Rbm24 involving in the regulation of cardiac gene expression, sarcomeric assembly, and cardiac contractility. This study uncovers a potential novel pathway to cardiomyopathy through down-regulation of the RBP Rbm24. |
### Instruction:
Are global DNA methylation levels modulated by mitochondrial DNA variants?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that mtDNA-specific interactions between mitochondria and the nucleus regulate epigenetic changes, possibly by affecting oxidative phosphorylation efficiency. |
### Instruction:
Are risk factors for diabetes , but not for cardiovascular disease , associated with family history of Type 2 diabetes in subjects from central Mexico?
### Response:
| Diabetic risk factors, but not cardiovascular disease risk factors, are associated with a positive family history of diabetes in subjects from central Mexico, independent of the presence of obesity. |
### Instruction:
Do moderate temperature alterations affect Gram-negative immune signalling in ex vivo whole blood?
### Response:
| Hypothermia significantly changed the cytokine ratios in the pro-inflammatory direction. In comparison, the effect of hyperthermia was sparse, with a modest increase in the TNF-α/IL-10 ratio only. No association was found between LPS-stimulated cytokine production and TLR4 expression on CD14 + monocytes. |
### Instruction:
Is obesity associated with insulin resistance and components of the metabolic syndrome in Lebanese adolescents?
### Response:
| MS was identified in a substantial proportion of Lebanese obese adolescents, thus highlighting the importance of early screening for obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities and of developing successful multi-component interventions addressing adolescent obesity. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Safety evaluation of pedicle screw placement in proximal thoracic vertebrae via funnel technique ]?
### Response:
| The funnel technique is both safe and reliable for the placements of proximal thoracic pedicle screws. |
### Instruction:
Does cluster headache show no association with rapid eye movement sleep?
### Response:
| CH attacks are not associated with REM sleep. Brain regions involved in sleep stage transition might be involved in pathophysiology of CH. Differences in sleep characteristics between subgroups might indicate adaptation processes or underlying pathophysiology. |
### Instruction:
Is nOX2 up-regulation associated with artery dysfunction in patients with peripheral artery disease?
### Response:
| This study suggests that in PAD patients ROS generated by NOX2 contribute to reduce FMD and that the administration of an antioxidant is able to improve arterial dilatation via NOX2 inhibition. |
### Instruction:
Do assessment of cochlear implant candidacy in patients with cochlear nerve deficiency using the P1 CAEP biomarker?
### Response:
| Although cochlear implantation in children is a fairly routine procedure, cases exist for which implant candidacy is questionable. Among these cases are children with CND. In these children, cochlear implantation may be contraindicated due to the likelihood that the implant electrodes may not stimulate the VIII nerve adequately. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the gold standard in the assessment of CND, but this measure is not always sufficient to determine CI candidacy in cases of CND. The addition of the P1 CAEP measurement to the usual electrophysiological, audiometric, and radiological test battery may prove to be useful in determining CI options for children with CND. |
### Instruction:
Is temporal interactive response resistant to cloudy ocular media in the slow double-stimulation multifocal electroretinogram?
### Response:
| Cloudy media affects the mfERG amplitude and implicit time in the slow double-stimulation, but does not affect the response ratio (ie, M(1):M(2) amplitude ratio and implicit time ratio) between the two stimulations. This suggests that the ratio analysis can be applied in patients with mild to moderately cloudy ocular media to evaluate the functional integrity of the retina. |
### Instruction:
Is cT angiography of the aorta superior to transesophageal echocardiography for determining stroke subtypes in patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke?
### Response:
| CTA identifies more plaques throughout the aortic arch and around the origins of the major cerebral arteries in particular compared to TEE. These may represent potential embolic sources of acute ischemic stroke. Better plaque detection may have an impact on the best available secondary prevention regimen in individual patients if proximal embolic sources are suspected. |
### Instruction:
Is influenza-associated illness an important contributor to febrile convulsions in Danish children?
### Response:
| Influenza like illness is associated with a considerable burden of febrile convulsions in children, most pronounced in years with epidemics. As febrile convulsions are just one of many complications contributing to the burden of influenza in children, this should be taken into consideration when planning a vaccination strategy for preventing influenza-related morbidity in younger children. |
### Instruction:
Is the 9p21 genetic variant additive to carotid intima media thickness and plaque in improving coronary heart disease risk prediction in white participants of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities ( ARIC ) Study?
### Response:
| Addition of 9p21 allele information to CIMT-P minimally improves CHD risk prediction in whites in the ARIC study. |
### Instruction:
Does all-trans retinoic acid inhibit mesangial cell proliferation by up-regulating p21Waf1/Cip1 and p27Kip1 and down-regulating Skp2?
### Response:
| ATRA inhibited TGF-beta(1)-induced mesangial cell proliferation by up-regulating p21(Waf1/Cip1) mRNA and protein levels, and p27(Kip1) protein level, and down-regulating Skp2 mRNA and protein levels, but it had no significant effect on apoptosis in rat mesangial cells. |
### Instruction:
Do minimally invasive/focused parathyroidectomy in patients with negative sestamibi scan results?
### Response:
| Negative results on sestamibi scans should not be used as exclusion criteria for minimally invasive/focused parathyroidectomy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In our study, 66 patients with negative results on preoperative scans were found to have a single adenoma and were surgically cured by minimally invasive/focused parathyroidectomy. |
### Instruction:
Is learning during simulation training prone to retroactive interference?
### Response:
| Consistent with the theory of retroactive interference, students who encountered a novel murmur between training and evaluation on the murmur on which they had been trained showed no improvement in diagnostic performance following simulation training. These findings should serve to warn educators to consider retroactive interference when designing simulation training sessions. |
### Instruction:
Is unilateral hemidiaphragm weakness associated with positional hypoxemia in REM sleep?
### Response:
| Patients with UDP demonstrate position-dependent hypopneas in REM sleep with frequent desaturations. |
### Instruction:
Do hydroxylated estrogens ( 2-OH-E2 AND 4-OH-E2 ) activate cAMP/PKA and ERK1/2 pathways activation in a breast cancer MCF-7 cell line?
### Response:
| We have shown that E2 hydroxylated metabolites do not activate cAMP/PKA in breast cancer cells and confirm previously published data, which showed a lack of ERK1/2 activation in a breast cancer cell line. The observed reversible action of PD98059 on cell proliferation can be explained by the fact that hydroxylated estrogens, as E2, stimulate secretion of a number of growth factors, which affect MAPK activity, suggested by Lobenhofer et al. (2000). |
### Instruction:
Is nitric oxide the shared signalling molecule in phosphorus- and iron-deficiency-induced formation of cluster roots in white lupin ( Lupinus albus )?
### Response:
| NO plays an important role in the shared signalling pathway of the P- and Fe-deficiency-induced formation of cluster roots in white lupin. |
### Instruction:
Does recent HIV-1 infection contribute to the viral diffusion over the French territory with a recent increasing frequency?
### Response:
| PHIs are a significant source of onward transmission, especially in the MSM population. Recently infected people contribute to the spread of the viral epidemic throughout the French territory. Survey of transmitted drug resistance and behavioural characteristics of patients involved into clustered PHI may help to guide prevention and treatment interventions. |
### Instruction:
Is low-grade inflammation , but not endothelial dysfunction , associated with greater carotid stiffness in the elderly : the Hoorn Study?
### Response:
| These data suggest that low-grade inflammation, in the elderly, plays an important role in carotid artery remodelling and stiffening. |
### Instruction:
Are associations of allergic sensitization and clinical phenotypes with innate immune response genes polymorphisms modified by house dust mite allergen exposure?
### Response:
| Development of specific sensitization and allergy may be associated with innate immune response genes polymorphisms and is modified by allergen exposure. |
### Instruction:
Does rNA interference targeting virion core protein ORF095 inhibit Goatpox virus replication in Vero cells?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that vector-based shRNA methodology can effectively inhibit GTPV replication on Vero cells. Simultaneously, this work represents a strategy for controlling goatpox, potentially facilitating new experimental approaches in the analysis of both viral and cellular gene functions during of GTPV infection. |
### Instruction:
Does negative coronary CT angiography for chest pain assessment predict low event rate in 5 years?
### Response:
| A negative coronary CTA in patients with a low or intermediate pretest probability for significant coronary artery disease predicts a low rate of major cardiovascular events within a 5-year period. |
### Instruction:
Do reimplantation with a conventional length electrode following residual hearing loss in four hybrid implant recipients?
### Response:
| A small percent of patients will experience a significant loss of residual low-frequency hearing following hybrid implantation thereby becoming completely reliant on a shorter electrode for electrical stimulation. In the current series, reimplantation with a conventional length electrode provided improved speech perception performance in such patients. Revision surgery with a conventional length electrode should be considered in 'short electrode' recipients who experience performance deterioration following loss of residual hearing. |
### Instruction:
Do human apolipoprotein E peptides inhibit hepatitis C virus entry by blocking virus binding?
### Response:
| apoE peptides potently inhibit HCV infection and suggest a direct role of apoE in mediating HCV entry. Our findings also highlight the potential of developing apoE mimetic peptides as novel HCV entry inhibitors by targeting HCV-host interactions. |
### Instruction:
Does a Wnt/β-catenin negative feedback loop inhibit interleukin-1-induced matrix metalloproteinase expression in human articular chondrocytes?
### Response:
| Wnt/β-catenin signaling in human chondrocytes had an unexpected anticatabolic role by counteracting NF-κB-mediated MMP expression induced by IL-1β in a negative feedback loop. |
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