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### Instruction:
Does subcutaneous administration of sodium alginate oligosaccharides prevent salt-induced hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive rats?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that sodium alginate oligosaccharides attenuate salt-induced hypertension in Dahl S rats not through reducing salt absorption, but probably through a direct action on vascular vessels. |
### Instruction:
Is ultrasound colour Doppler associated with synovial pathology in biopsies from hand joints in rheumatoid arthritis patients : a cross-sectional study?
### Response:
| Colour Doppler activity is associated with the extent of inflammation present in the synovial biopsies from RA patients. However, synovial pathology was also seen in biopsies taken from Doppler negative sites. |
### Instruction:
Does p16 hypermethylation predict surgical outcome following curative resection of mid/distal bile duct cancer?
### Response:
| P16 hypermethylation and lymph node metastasis may predict overall survival in curative resected mid/distal bile duct cancer. Classification of mid/distal bile duct cancer by both genetic and epigenetic profiles may improve the accuracy in predicting outcome and the effectiveness of tailored therapy in these diseases. |
### Instruction:
Do post-Boreotropical dispersals explain the pantropical disjunction in Paederia ( Rubiaceae )?
### Response:
| The results demonstrate the importance of post-Boreotropical long-distance dispersals (across three major oceans) in shaping the global pantropical disjunction in some plants, such as Paederia, with small, winged diaspores adapted to long-distance dispersal by various agents including wind, ocean currents or birds. Overland migration is less likely to explain its palaeotropical disjunction between Asia and Africa. |
### Instruction:
Does endoplasmic reticulum stress induce fibrogenic activity in hepatic stellate cells through autophagy?
### Response:
| These data implicate mechanisms underlying protein folding quality control in regulating the fibrogenic response in hepatic stellate cells. |
### Instruction:
Does interferon regulatory factor-1 mediate the release of high mobility group box-1 in endotoxemia in mice?
### Response:
| IRF-1 plays a role in LPS induced release of HMGB1 and therefore may serve as a novel target in sepsis. |
### Instruction:
Does allele-specific RNA interference rescue the long-QT syndrome phenotype in human-induced pluripotency stem cell cardiomyocytes?
### Response:
| These findings provide in vitro evidence that allele-specific RNAi can rescue diseased phenotype in LQTS cardiomyocytes. This is a potentially novel route for the treatment of many autosomal-dominant-negative disorders, including those of the heart. |
### Instruction:
Do effects of azithromycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa burn wound infection?
### Response:
| These data suggest that early administration of azithromycin following burn-related trauma and infection may reduce P aeruginosa infection and potential interactions with other antibiotics should be considered when designing future studies. |
### Instruction:
Does cD1d blockade suppress the capacity of immature dendritic cells to prime allogeneic T cell response?
### Response:
| Blockade of CD1d impaired the ability of imDCs to stimulate allogeneic T cell response. By reduced T cell proliferation, the secretion of IL-12 and TNF-α decreased and production of a T-helper type 2 cytokine IL-10 increased, which indicates the potential of CD1d blockade as a method to induce immune tolerance to allograft antigens in transplantation. |
### Instruction:
Is liver transplant fellowship and resident training a part of the `` July effect ''?
### Response:
| OLTs in the month of April had significantly improved outcomes, and OLTs in the month of December had significantly decreased outcomes. These months do not correlate with the beginning of new trainees; therefore, there is no July effect observed in liver transplant fellowship and resident training. |
### Instruction:
Is safety of carotid stenting ( CAS ) based on institutional training more than individual experience in large-volume centres?
### Response:
| Institutional experience, including instruction on selection of patients and materials best suited for the procedure, is a primary factor driving outcomes of CAS. An effective team-working approach can reliably improve the training of new trainees preserving CAS safety and efficacy. |
### Instruction:
Does butyrate attenuate inflammation and lipolysis generated by the interaction of adipocytes and macrophages?
### Response:
| Butyrate suppresses inflammatory responses generated by the interaction of adipocytes and macrophages through reduced lipolysis and inhibition of inflammatory signaling. |
### Instruction:
Does siRNA-mediated inhibition of hTERC enhance radiosensitivity of cervical cancer?
### Response:
| Our results supported the concept of siRNA-mediated inhibition of telomerase mRNA which could inhibit the expression of hTERC and telomerase activity. Furthermore, radiosensitivity was upregulated after knockdown the hTERC in vivo and in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Do low vitamin D levels increase anemia risk in Korean women?
### Response:
| Vitamin D-deficient Korean women had a higher risk of anemia. |
### Instruction:
Does isoflurane regulate atypical type-A γ-aminobutyric acid receptors in alveolar type II epithelial cells?
### Response:
| GABAA receptors expressed by human ATII cells differ pharmacologically from those in neurons, exhibiting a higher affinity for GABA and lower sensitivity to bicuculline. Clinically relevant concentrations of isoflurane increased the activity of GABAA receptors and reduced the expression of COX-2 in ATII cells. These findings reveal a novel mechanism that could contribute to the antiinflammatory effect of isoflurane in the human lung. |
### Instruction:
Are the times they a-changin ' : prognostic markers in the new era of BCR-targeting therapies for CLL?
### Response:
| With the emergence of inhibitors of BCR-associated kinases (Btk-, Syk- and PI3 kinase inhibitors) in CLL and other B cell malignancies, BCR-related risk factors may help with identification of patients who are likely to respond and/or for response assessment (i.e., CCL3 plasma levels). The negative prognostic impact of BCR-related risk factors may improve with the use of these new, targeted agents. |
### Instruction:
Are changes in insulin resistance and HbA1c related to exercise-mediated changes in body composition in older adults with type 2 diabetes : interim outcomes from the GREAT2DO trial?
### Response:
| Improvements in metabolic health in older adults with type 2 diabetes were mediated through improvements in body composition only if they were achieved through high-intensity PRT. |
### Instruction:
Do single shot fast spin echo diffusion imaging with correction for non-linear phase errors using tailored RF pulses?
### Response:
| Combining the proposed method with real time compensation of rigid-body motion has the potential to allow high quality, distortion free diffusion imaging throughout the brain. |
### Instruction:
Is in non-obese patients , duration of action of rocuronium directly correlated with body mass index?
### Response:
| In adult female patients with a BMI in the range of 15-30 kg · m(-2), the duration of action of rocuronium increases with BMI when the drug is administered on the basis of mg per actual kg body weight. |
### Instruction:
Do polymorphisms in the base excision repair pathway modulate prognosis of platinum-based chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer?
### Response:
| We found that XRCC1 Arg399Gln, PARP1 Va1762Ala and APE1 Asp148Glu SNPs in the BER pathway may influence the prognosis of advanced NSCLC patients following platinum-based chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Is efficacy of protracted temozolomide dosing limited in MGMT unmethylated GBM xenograft models?
### Response:
| Across the 7 tumor models studied, there was no consistent difference between protracted and standard TMZ regimens. The efficacy of protracted TMZ regimens may be limited in a subset of MGMT unmethylated tumors by induction of MGMT expression. |
### Instruction:
Does waist circumference-to-height ratio predict adiposity better than body mass index in children and adolescents?
### Response:
| WCHt is better than WC and BMI at predicting adiposity in children and adolescents. It can be a useful surrogate of body adiposity when skinfold measurements are not available. |
### Instruction:
Does centrally administered urocortin 2 decrease gorging on high-fat diet in both diet-induced obesity-prone and -resistant rats?
### Response:
| Unlike leptin and insulin, Ucn 2 retains its full central anorectic efficacy to reduce high-fat diet intake even in obese, genetically prone DIO rats, which otherwise show a 'gorging' meal pattern. These results open new opportunities of investigation toward treating some forms of DIO. |
### Instruction:
Is the lung innate immune gene surfactant protein-D expressed in adipose tissue and linked to obesity status?
### Response:
| Both OM and SC adipose tissue (mainly mature adipocytes) express SFTPD. This expression decreases with obesity and impaired glucose tolerance. |
### Instruction:
Does perendoscopic real-time assessment of pH improve detection of gastric preneoplastic conditions?
### Response:
| Hypochlorhydria is a sensitive indicator of gastric risk conditions. Perendoscopic real-time assessment of pH can improve and extend optical analysis by allowing the detection of pathological conditions (either preneoplastic or not) that often escape diagnosis because not correlated with specific endoscopic pattern. |
### Instruction:
Is antigen peptide transporter 1 involved in the development of fructose-induced hepatic steatosis in mice?
### Response:
| Taken together, the data suggest that TAP1(-/-) -deficient mice displayed reduced levels of CD8 cells that have a vital role in the initiation and propagation of liver inflammation and is a casual role in the beginning of fructose-induced liver damage as well as insulin resistance in mice. |
### Instruction:
Are elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia treated according to current guidelines?
### Response:
| While medical treatment mainly concurred with guidelines, a potential for reduced costs by early discharge planning and use of systematic assessment tools for site-of-care and treatment decisions was indicated. The lack of systematic interventions in the prevention and treatment of malnutrition and functional decline constitutes a threat to a successful final patient outcome. |
### Instruction:
Are fasting proinsulin levels significantly associated with 20 year cancer mortality rates . The Hoorn Study?
### Response:
| Individuals with fasting proinsulin levels >16.5 pmol/l have a twofold risk of cancer mortality over a 20 year time span. These findings provide population-based evidence for the independent association between high proinsulin levels and cancer mortality rates. |
### Instruction:
Do anti-PD-1 blockade and stereotactic radiation produce long-term survival in mice with intracranial gliomas?
### Response:
| The combination of PD-1 blockade and localized radiation therapy results in long-term survival in mice with orthotopic brain tumors. These studies provide strong preclinical evidence to support combination trials in patients with GBM. |
### Instruction:
Does reproductive organ and vascular specific promoter of the rice plasma membrane Ca2+ATPase mediates environmental stress responses in plants?
### Response:
| The rice plasma membrane Ca(2+)ATPase promoter is a reproductive organ-specific as well as vascular-specific. This promoter contains drought, salt, cold, methyl viologen, abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate related cis-elements, which regulated gene expression. Overall, the tissue-specificity and inducible nature of this promoter could grant wide applicability in plant biotechnology. |
### Instruction:
Is nicotine-induced cessation of embryonic development reversed by γ-tocotrienol in mice?
### Response:
| Nicotine impairs in vitro embryo development and increases MDA in plasma. The deleterious impact of nicotine on embryo development is reversed by supplementing gamma-TCT concurrently with nicotine. |
### Instruction:
Does resting-state connectivity of pre-motor cortex reflect disability in multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| The increase in functional coupling between left PMd and the motor resting-state network with increasing clinical disability can be interpreted as adaptive reorganization of the motor system to maintain motor function, which appears to be limited to the relapsing-remitting stage of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Does socio-economic status play important roles in childhood cancer treatment outcome in Indonesia?
### Response:
| Treatment abandonment was most important reason for treatment failure. Treatment outcome was determined by parental socio-economic status. Childhood cancer survival could improve if financial constraints and provision of information and guidance are better addressed. |
### Instruction:
Does greater physician involvement improve coding outcomes in endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration procedures?
### Response:
| Greater physician engagement with coders prevents coding errors and financial losses which can be significant especially in interventional specialties. The intervention can be as cheap, quick and simple as a prospective email to the coding team with cross-checks by Trust Informatics and against a procedural database. We suggest that all specialties should engage more with their coders using such a simple intervention to prevent revenue losses. |
### Instruction:
Do bright ambient light conditions reduce the effect of tryptophan depletion in healthy females?
### Response:
| Results of our study showed an influence of even slight differences in ambient light intensity on the effect of TD concerning mood as well as on the serotonergic system. |
### Instruction:
Is ketamine associated with lower urinary tract signs and symptoms?
### Response:
| Compared to non-users, recent ketamine users had increased odds of LUTS. This is the first large-scale community-based study assessing the association of non-medical ketamine use with LUTS. Associations between ketamine and urological symptoms should be confirmed through longitudinal studies. |
### Instruction:
Does overexpression of integrin-β1 in leiomyoma promote cell spreading and proliferation?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that integrin-β1 is a critical ligand to enhance cell-ECM contact force and thus promotes cell proliferation. Disruption of ECM-integrin-β1 signaling may serve as an option to inhibit the progression of leiomyoma. |
### Instruction:
Does a small molecule antagonist inhibit thyrotropin receptor antibody-induced orbital fibroblast functions involved in the pathogenesis of Graves ophthalmopathy?
### Response:
| Because cAMP, pAkt, and HA production are fibroblast functions that are activated via TSHR signaling and are important in the pathogenesis of GO, small molecule TSHR antagonists may prove to be effective in the treatment or prevention of the disease in the future. |
### Instruction:
Are sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass equally effective in correcting insulin resistance?
### Response:
| Both surgical techniques are equally effective in achieving insulin resistance normalization in the majority of severely obese patients. Three-month HOMA-IR reduction after surgery was the main predictor of T2DM complete remission. |
### Instruction:
Does prism adaptation improve ego-centered but not allocentric neglect in early rehabilitation patients?
### Response:
| PA is helpful in treating severely impaired patients in the postacute phase, but the effect is restricted to ego-centered neglect. Lesions in the postcentral cortex (middle occipito-temporal, middle temporal, and posterior parietal areas) seem to limit the effect of PA. |
### Instruction:
Does autophagy inhibition sensitize colon cancer cells to antiangiogenic and cytotoxic therapy?
### Response:
| These findings implicate autophagy as a mechanism of resistance to antiangiogenic therapies and support investigation of inhibitory approaches in the management of this disease. |
### Instruction:
Does ethosuximide reduce epileptogenesis and behavioral comorbidity in the GAERS model of genetic generalized epilepsy?
### Response:
| Chronic ESX treatment has disease-modifying effects in the GAERS model of GGE, with antiepileptogenic effects against absence seizures and mitigation of behavioral comorbidities. The cellular mechanism for these effects may involve epigenetic modifications. |
### Instruction:
Does recurrent laryngeal nerve regeneration through a silicone tube produce reinnervation without vocal fold mobility in rats?
### Response:
| Recurrent laryngeal nerve regeneration through a silicone tube produced reinnervation without vocal fold mobility in rats. The efficacy of new laryngeal reinnervation treatments can be assessed with this model. |
### Instruction:
Does histamine receptor 2 modify dendritic cell responses to microbial ligands?
### Response:
| Both host- and microbiota-derived histamine significantly alter the innate immune response to microbes through H₂R. |
### Instruction:
Is household income associated with the p53 mutation frequency in human breast tumors?
### Response:
| HI is associated with the p53 mutational frequency in patients who develop an ER-negative disease. Furthermore, high income patients may acquire fewer p53 mutations than other patients, suggesting that lifetime exposures associated with socio-economic status may impact breast cancer biology. |
### Instruction:
Does true complete left bundle branch block morphology strongly predict good response to cardiac resynchronization therapy?
### Response:
| In patients with conventional wider LBBB morphology, the presence of mid-QRS notching or slurring is a strong predictor of better response to CRT. |
### Instruction:
Does noggin attenuate the osteogenic activation of human valve interstitial cells in aortic valve sclerosis?
### Response:
| This work demonstrates, for the first time using AVSc specimens, that human sclerotic aortic valves can be induced to express marker of osteogenic-like phenotype typical of advanced severe aortic stenosis. |
### Instruction:
Does stimulation of the brain with radiofrequency electromagnetic field pulses affect sleep-dependent performance improvement?
### Response:
| The changes in the time course of SWA during the exposure night may reflect an interaction of RF EMF with the renormalization of cortical excitability during sleep, with a negative impact on sleep-dependent performance improvement. |
### Instruction:
Does self-care confidence mediate the relationship between perceived social support and self-care maintenance in adults with heart failure?
### Response:
| Perceived emotional/informational support is associated with better self-care maintenance and possibly better self-care management. Greater self-care confidence is one mediating mechanism. |
### Instruction:
Is urinary free light chain a potential biomarker for ISN/RPS class III/IV lupus nephritis?
### Response:
| The intensity of plasma cell infiltration of the kidney is associated with urinary FLC levels. Urinary FLCs are potentially useful biomarkers in ISN/RPS class III/IV LN or proliferative LN. |
### Instruction:
Is latent autoimmune diabetes in adults perched between type 1 and type 2 : evidence from adults in one region of Spain?
### Response:
| As in other European populations, patients with LADA in Spain have a distinct metabolic profile compared with patients with T1DM or T2DM. LADA is also associated with higher impairment of beta-cell function and has worse glycemic control than in T2DM. Beta cell function is related to GADAb titers in patients with LADA. |
### Instruction:
Do clinical impression and ascites appearance rule out bacterial peritonitis?
### Response:
| Physician clinical impression, which included an assessment of fluid appearance, had poor sensitivity for the detection of SBP and cannot be used to exclude the diagnosis. Routine laboratory fluid analysis is indicated after ED paracentesis, even in patients considered to have a low degree of suspicion for SBP. |
### Instruction:
Is disease severity correlated to tract specific changes of fractional anisotropy in MD and CM thalamus -- a DTI study in major depressive disorder?
### Response:
| Specificity of the TOI approach and heterogenous sample. |
### Instruction:
Are xRCC1 polymorphisms associated with cervical cancer risk and response to chemotherapy : a systematic review and meta-analysis?
### Response:
| The Arg194Trp polymorphism of XRCC1 increases risk of cervical cancer; the variant 399Gln allele predicts poor response to platinum-based chemotherapy, while the Arg194Trp polymorphism indicates a good response. |
### Instruction:
Is plaque stabilization by intensive LDL-cholesterol lowering therapy with atorvastatin delayed in type 2 diabetic patients with coronary artery disease-Serial angioscopic and intravascular ultrasound analysis?
### Response:
| In DM patients, plaque volume regression by atorvastatin was shown to be attenuated, and its color improvement was significantly delayed. However, the yellowness became comparable between DM and nDM groups at week 80. These results indicate that patients with DM should be treated by intensive lipid-lowering therapy with atorvastatin for at least 80 weeks to stabilize vulnerable plaque. |
### Instruction:
Are preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and tumor histologic grade associated with surgical detection of the sentinel lymph node?
### Response:
| The probability of not detecting the sentinel lymph node during the surgical intervention is higher in patients with high histologic grade tumors or in patients in whom preoperative lymphoscintigraphy failed to detect the sentinel node. |
### Instruction:
Is phosphodiesterase type 5 ( PDE5 ) co-localized with key proteins of the nitric oxide/cyclic GMP signaling in the human prostate?
### Response:
| The findings give hints that the cyclic GMP- and cyclic AMP-dependent signal transduction may synergistically work together in regulating muscle tension in the transition zone. This might be of significance for the identification of new pharmacological avenues to treat patients with symptomatic BPH. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary supplementation with Lactobacillus fermentum I5007 improve the anti-oxidative activity of weanling piglets challenged with diquat?
### Response:
| Lactobacillus fermentum improved the anti-oxidative defence system and alleviated damage caused by diquat. |
### Instruction:
Is reduction in circulating pro-angiogenic and pro-inflammatory factors related to improved outcomes in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer treated with gemcitabine and intravenous omega-3 fish oil?
### Response:
| Treatment with gemcitabine plus i.v. n-3FA may reduce concentrations of CAF which may be associated with an improved outcome. Baseline IL-6 and -8 may be surrogate markers for outcome in patients with APC treated with this regimen. |
### Instruction:
Does hyperhomocysteinemia associate with small vessel disease more closely than large vessel disease?
### Response:
| HCY level associated with SVD more strongly than LVD. |
### Instruction:
Does endogenous tissue plasminogen activator enhance fibrinolysis and limits thrombus formation in a clinical model of thrombosis?
### Response:
| Using a well-characterized clinical model of coronary arterial injury, we demonstrate that endogenous t-PA released from the vascular endothelium enhances fibrinolysis and limits in situ thrombus propagation. These data support a crucial role for the endogenous fibrinolytic system in vivo and suggest that continued exploration and manipulation of its therapeutic potential are warranted. |
### Instruction:
Does imipramine treatment increase cell proliferation following fluid percussion brain injury in rats?
### Response:
| Longer duration of treatment with imipramine promotes sustained increase in hippocampal cell proliferation and survival. Global neurogenesis corresponds to the diffuse nature of FPI injury. Cognitive outcome can be due to a delay in our behavior testing as much as an absence of cognitive benefit of imipramine at this stage of neurogenesis. Nevertheless, exploring the potential benefits of prophylactic antidepressant treatment in human TBI patients is worthwhile. |
### Instruction:
Does transplantation of differentiated bone marrow stromal cells promote motor functional recovery in rats with stroke?
### Response:
| BDNF-MSCs might contribute to the motor function improvement partly by reducing neuronal damage via upregulating the NSE expression level and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Is medial sixth of the patellar tendon at the tibial attachment useful for the anterior reference in rotational alignment of the tibial component?
### Response:
| The AP axis of the tibia is useful as a tibial rotational reference in cutting the proximal tibia, but it is difficult to identify the AP axis after tibial resection. The clinical relevance of this study is that medial 1/6 of the patellar tendon at its attachment would be a useful landmark in aligning the tibial component. |
### Instruction:
Do intervertebral anticollision constraints improve out-of-plane translation accuracy of a single-plane fluoroscopy-to-CT registration method for measuring spinal motion?
### Response:
| The proposed single-plane fluoroscopy-to-CT registration method reduced the out-of-plane translation errors for intervertebral kinematic measurements while keeping the measurement accuracies for the other five DOF more or less unaltered. With the submillimeter and subdegree accuracy, the WEMAC method was considered accurate for measuring 3D intervertebral kinematics during various functional activities for research and clinical applications. |
### Instruction:
Do plasma Vitamin D Levels And Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms Are Associated with Survival of Non-small Cell Lung Cancer?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that plasma 25(OH)D levels and genetic variants of VDR may serve as prognostic markers for NSCLC in this Chinese population. |
### Instruction:
Does aldose reductase inhibition prevent allergic airway remodeling through PI3K/AKT/GSK3β pathway in mice?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that allergen-induced airway remodeling is mediated by AR and its inhibition blocks the progression of remodeling via inhibiting TGFβ1-induced Smad-independent and PI3K/AKT/GSK3β-dependent pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does intrawound vancomycin powder reduce surgical site infections in posterior cervical fusion?
### Response:
| The local application of vancomycin was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of SSI in multilevel posterior cervical-instrumented fusions for CSM. This study supports the growing body of evidence that vancomycin powder placed in the wound can reduce the incidence of postoperative wound infections, and is the first that addresses this specific population. |
### Instruction:
Are higher levels of physical activity associated with lower hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis reactivity to psychosocial stress in children?
### Response:
| These results suggest that children with lower levels of daytime PA have higher HPAA activity in response to stress. These findings may offer insight into the pathways of PA on physical and mental well-being. |
### Instruction:
Is time to first antibiotics for pneumonia associated with in-hospital mortality?
### Response:
| Shorter TTFA is not associated with improved inpatient mortality. TTFA should not be considered to be a marker of quality of care but rather a reflection of patient disease severity. |
### Instruction:
Is sRC dephosphorylated at tyrosine 530 in human colon carcinomas?
### Response:
| The results suggest that Src specific activities were highly increased in human colon carcinomas; phosphorylation at Src Y530 was reduced, contributing to the highly elevated Src specific activity and Src kinase activity. |
### Instruction:
Is total tumor volume a better marker of tumor burden in hepatocellular carcinoma defined by the Milan criteria?
### Response:
| Total tumor volume, is an independent and better prognostic marker than the Milan criteria to indicate tumor burden in HCC patients who had tumor volume defined by the Milan criteria and underwent curative therapies. |
### Instruction:
Does blood hypomethylation of inflammatory genes mediate the effects of metal-rich airborne pollutants on blood coagulation?
### Response:
| Our study showed for the first time, that gene hypomethylation contributes to environmentally induced hypercoagulability. |
### Instruction:
Is participation in organized sports positively associated with employment in adults with spinal cord injury?
### Response:
| In the adults with chronic spinal cord injury, participation in organized sports was positively associated with employment. Further studies are necessary to determine the causative nature of this association and how various factors related to sports participation may contribute. |
### Instruction:
Does carotid plaque hemorrhage on magnetic resonance imaging strongly predict recurrent ischemia and stroke?
### Response:
| MRIPH independently and strongly predicts recurrent ipsilateral ischemic events, and stroke alone, in symptomatic ≥ 50% carotid artery stenosis. The very low stroke risk in patients without MRIPH puts into question current risk-benefit assessment for CEA in this subgroup. |
### Instruction:
Does real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography add value to transcatheter aortic valve implantation?
### Response:
| A systematic, comprehensive echocardiographic protocol, incorporating the additional benefits of 3D TEE, has a vital role within a TAVI program and, combined with a 3D THV sizing strategy, contributes to excellent outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Does the Mediterranean diet improve hepatic steatosis and insulin sensitivity in individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease?
### Response:
| Even without weight loss, MD reduces liver steatosis and improves insulin sensitivity in an insulin-resistant population with NAFLD, compared to current dietary advice. This diet should be further investigated in subjects with NAFLD. |
### Instruction:
Is presence of differentiating neuroblasts in bone marrow a favorable prognostic factor for bone marrow metastatic neuroblastoma at diagnosis?
### Response:
| Our study is the first report describing the presence of differentiating neuroblasts in BM. The presence of differentiating neuroblasts in BM at diagnosis may be a favorable prognostic factor for patients with BM metastatic NB; however, the same phenomenon after chemotherapy is irrelevant to prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Is hypothalamic ATF3 involved in regulating glucose and energy metabolism in mice?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that ATF3 plays an important role in the control of glucose and energy metabolism by regulating Agrp. |
### Instruction:
Do inactivation of 9q22.3 tumor suppressor genes predict outcome for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| FANCC and PTCH1 alterations might be used as molecular markers for prognosis and to develop strategies for effective treatment planning. |
### Instruction:
Does bariatric surgery improve urinary incontinence but not anorectal function in obese women?
### Response:
| Obese women had worse questionnaire results, but while showing a higher incidence of UI, they did not experience anorectal function worsening. After bariatric surgery, there was a slight improvement in PFD symptoms related to UI, but anorectal function did not change significantly and flatus incontinence increased. |
### Instruction:
Do intestinal mast cells mediate gut injury and systemic inflammation in a rat model of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest?
### Response:
| Our data provide primary evidence that intestinal ischemia/reperfusion is a leading pathophysiologic process in a rat model of deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, and that intestinal injury, and local and systemic inflammatory responses are critically dependent on mast cell activation. This identifies intestinal mast cells as central players in deep hypothermic circulatory arrest-associated responses, and opens novel therapeutic possibilities for patients undergoing this procedure. |
### Instruction:
Does granulocyte-colony stimulating factor therapy improve survival in patients with hepatitis B virus-associated acute-on-chronic liver failure?
### Response:
| G-CSF therapy promoted CD34(+) cell mobilization in patients with HBV-associated ACLF, and improved the liver function and the survival rate of these patients. |
### Instruction:
Is diabetes associated with postural instability and gait difficulty in Parkinson disease?
### Response:
| Diabetes may contribute to postural instability and gait difficulty in Parkinson disease through mechanisms other than nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation. |
### Instruction:
Does glucagon-like peptide-1 ( 9-36 ) inhibit chemokine-induced migration of human CD4-positive lymphocytes?
### Response:
| Thus, GLP-1(9-36) inhibits chemokine-induced CD4-positive lymphocyte migration by inhibition of the PI3-kinase pathway independent of cAMP and GLP-1 receptor signaling. Further studies are needed to assess whether such effects may be clinically relevant for patients with type 2 diabetes treated with DPP-IV inhibitors. |
### Instruction:
Do sarcopenia and body mass index predict sunitinib-induced early dose-limiting toxicities in renal cancer patients?
### Response:
| Patients with sarcopenia and a BMI<25 kg m(-2) experienced significantly more DLTs during the first cycle of treatment. |
### Instruction:
Are anti-TNF antibody-induced psoriasiform skin lesions in patients with inflammatory bowel disease characterised by interferon-γ-expressing Th1 cells and IL-17A/IL-22-expressing Th17 cells and respond to anti-IL-12/IL-23 antibody treatment?
### Response:
| New onset psoriasiform skin lesions develop in nearly 5% of anti-TNF-treated patients with IBD. We identified smoking as a main risk factor for developing these lesions. Anti-TNF-induced psoriasiform skin lesions are characterised by Th17 and Th1 cell infiltrates. The number of IL-17A-expressing T cells correlates with the severity of skin lesions. Anti-IL-12/IL-23 antibody therapy is a highly effective therapy for these lesions. |
### Instruction:
Is acute-on-chronic liver failure a distinct syndrome that develops in patients with acute decompensation of cirrhosis?
### Response:
| We analyzed data from patients with cirrhosis and AD to establish diagnostic criteria for ACLF and showed that it is distinct from AD, based not only on the presence of organ failure(s) and high mortality rate but also on age, precipitating events, and systemic inflammation. ACLF mortality is associated with loss of organ function and high leukocyte counts. ACLF is especially severe in patients with no prior history of AD. |
### Instruction:
Does β-1 adrenergic agonist mitigate unloading-induced bone loss by maintaining formation?
### Response:
| In conclusion, DOB administration during HU effectively attenuates significant declines in total vBMD at PTM by mitigating associated decrements in bone formation rate. Positive effects of DOB were observed only in unloaded animals, with no effects observed in normal weight-bearing rats. These data provide evidence for the importance of Adrb1 signaling in maintaining osteoblast function during periods of mechanical unloading. |
### Instruction:
Does a supraphysiological dose of testosterone induce nitric oxide production and oxidative stress?
### Response:
| These results show that a supraphysiological dose of testosterone decreases the expression of eNOS and consequently the formation of NO, which could partly be explained by oxidative stress. These results indicate that supraphysiological doses of testosterone may induce endothelial dysfunction, which is of interest in relation to the cardiovascular adverse side-effects observed in anabolic androgenic steroid abusers. |
### Instruction:
Is sirT1 regulation of antioxidant genes dependent on the formation of a FoxO3a/PGC-1α complex?
### Response:
| We show that SirT1 regulation of antioxidant genes in vascular endothelial cells depends on the formation of a FoxO3a/PGC-1α complex. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Steroid drugs and GM-CSF modulate activity of Egr-1 in glioma cells ]?
### Response:
| Inhibition or activation response of Egr-1 promoter shows new framework to explore a mechanism of action of steroid drugs on genetic and epigenetic regulation on tumoral process. |
### Instruction:
Is recording of family history associated with colorectal cancer stage?
### Response:
| A FH of CRC and other Lynch-related cancers was not recorded in ∼40% of young CRC patients and recording improved only slightly over the years. As a first step in the identification of Lynch-related cancer families, physicians should be trained to record a detailed FH in the work-up of all newly diagnosed CRC patients. |
### Instruction:
Do genetic predisposition and environmental danger signals initiate chronic autoimmune hepatitis driven by CD4+ T cells?
### Response:
| We developed a new murine AIH model closely resembling AIH in patients that explains the mechanisms of AIH pathophysiology. In addition, emAIH provides options to test therapeutic alternatives for patients not achieving remission, with reduced side effects of chronic nonspecific immunosuppression. |
### Instruction:
Do a distinct reactive oxygen species profile confers chemoresistance in glioma-propagating cells and associates with patient survival outcome?
### Response:
| Gliomas are notoriously recurrent and highly infiltrative, and have been shown to arise from stem-like cells. We implicate an elevated O2(-):H2O2 ratio as a prosurvival signal in GPC self-renewal and proliferation. The ROS Index provides quantification of O2(-):H2O2-mediated chemosensitivity, an advancement in a previously qualitative field. Intriguingly, glioma patients with a reduced ROS Index correlate with longer survival and the Proneural molecular classification, a feature frequently associated with tumors of better prognosis. These data emphasize the feasibility of manipulating the O2(-):H2O2 ratio as a therapeutic strategy. |
### Instruction:
Are first-time parents well enough prepared for the safety of their infant?
### Response:
| First-time parents are not well prepared for the safety of their infant, causing unnecessary risks. The various parents' safety behaviours were influenced by different variables, for example, age of the infant, crawling of the infant, mother's educational level, mother's ethnicity, self-efficacy, vulnerability, severity. |
### Instruction:
Does hepatocyte growth factor promote lung carcinogenesis in transgenic mice treated with diethylnitrosamine?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that HGF promotes lung carcinogenesis through the autocrine activation of the HGF/c-Met signaling pathway. The HGF/c-Met signaling pathway appears to have vital roles in lung carcinogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does naftopidil induce apoptosis in malignant mesothelioma cell lines independently of α1-adrenoceptor blocking?
### Response:
| Naftopidil, as well as prazosin, has the potential to induce apoptosis in malignant mesothelioma cells by activating caspase-8 and the effector caspase-3, regardless of α1-adrenoceptor blocking. |
### Instruction:
Do bone marrow-derived cells participate in the formation of normal and neoplastic lung stroma?
### Response:
| This study provides morphological evidence of a microchimeric experimental system that may promote further research into the role of BMDCs in the carcinogenic process and for the development of a novel therapy aimed at targeting stromal cells and, eventually, tumor growth. |
### Instruction:
Does rNA interference with EAG1 enhance interferon gamma injury to glioma cells in vitro?
### Response:
| The present study reinforces the notion that EAG1 has a role in glioma biology, suggesting that this channel is a relevant player preserving the cell viability during IFN-γ injury. |
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