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### Instruction: Do mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns released by abdominal trauma suppress pulmonary immune responses? ### Response:
Rather than acting as a "second hit" to enhance PMN-mediated lung injury, mtDAMPs from trauma and pathogen-associated danger molecules from peritoneal infection diminish PMN accumulation in a contused lung. This may make the lung susceptible to pneumonia. This paradigm provides a novel mechanistic model of the relationship among blunt tissue trauma, systemic inflammation, and pneumonia that can be studied to improve trauma outcomes.
### Instruction: Does nicotinamide treatment ameliorate the course of experimental colitis mediated by enhanced neutrophil-specific antibacterial clearance? ### Response:
Pharmacological application of NAM mediates beneficial effects in bacterial and chemically induced colitis. Future studies are needed to explore the clinical potential of NAM in the context of intestinal bacterial infections and human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
### Instruction: Is variation in mortality among populations higher for pymetrozine than for imidacloprid and spiromesifen in Trialeurodes vaporariorum in greenhouses in Finland? ### Response:
High variation in resistance levels to pymetrozine among populations within natural whitefly dispersal limits reflects variation in the usage of this compound among individual greenhouse crop producers. Thus, resistance management is recommended at the individual greenhouse crop producer level, even in a dense production cluster. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
### Instruction: Is premature immunosenescence associated with memory dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis? ### Response:
RA patients had reduced memory performance compared to healthy controls. Expansion of activated and senescence-associated T cells was correlated with poor memory performance.
### Instruction: Do gram negative wound infection in hospitalised adult burn patients -- systematic review and metanalysis-? ### Response:
Gram-negative infections predominate in burn surgery. This study is the first to establish that burn wound infections do not differ significantly between burn centres. It is the first study to report the pathogens responsible for the majority of Gram-negative infections in these patients. Whilst burn wound infection is not exclusive to these bacteria, it is hoped that reporting the presence of this group of common Gram-negative "target organisms" facilitate clinical practice and target research towards a defined clinical demand.
### Instruction: Is lower potassium intake associated with increased wave reflection in young healthy adults? ### Response:
These data suggest that lower potassium intakes are associated with greater wave reflection and stiffer arteries in young healthy adults.
### Instruction: Does latino children 's body mass index at 2-3.5 years predict sympathetic nervous system activity at 5 years? ### Response:
Increased zBMI early in childhood may dampen young children's SNS responses later in life.
### Instruction: Is leg extension power a pre-disaster modifiable risk factor for post-traumatic stress disorder among survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake : a retrospective cohort study? ### Response:
Leg extension power is a potentially modifiable pre-disaster risk factor among men for attenuating the severity of PTSD symptoms associated with great disasters such as the Great East Japan Earthquake among men.
### Instruction: Does imbalance between pro and anti-oxidant mechanisms in perivascular adipose tissue aggravate long-term high-fat diet-derived endothelial dysfunction? ### Response:
We suggest that the imbalance between pro-oxidant (NOX, superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide) and anti-oxidant (eNOS, NO, ecSOD, GSSG) mechanisms in PVAT after long-term HFD might contribute to the aggravation of endothelial dysfunction.
### Instruction: Do serial montreal cognitive assessments demonstrate reversible cognitive impairment in patients with acute transient ischemic attack and minor stroke? ### Response:
Acute temporary cognitive impairment after TIA/minor stroke is common. The MoCA is sensitive to these changes, but the MMSE is not. Routine cognitive assessment after TIA/minor stroke may be warranted and relevant to return to activities even when other neurological deficits are not evident.
### Instruction: Does hyperintense cortical signal on magnetic resonance imaging reflect focal leukocortical encephalitis and seizure risk in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy? ### Response:
Seizures are a frequent complication in PML. HCS is associated with seizures and IRIS, and correlates histologically with JCV focal leukocortical encephalitis.
### Instruction: Do `` Pleats fold '' technique of amniotic membrane transplantation for management of corneal perforations? ### Response:
The AM transplantation procedure may be an effective option for treating corneal perforations when the wound is circular or irregular, except for incised wounds. Our "Pleats Fold" AM transplantation technique can achieve definite closure and effectively repair wounds of various sizes. Postoperative astigmatic values were acceptable. Therefore, we recommend this procedure for repairing lesions <3 mm in diameter that do not involve the central cornea and that are infection free.
### Instruction: Does change in health-related quality of life in patients with coronary artery disease predict 4-year mortality? ### Response:
A deterioration of ≥0.50 points in MacNew HRQL Global scores at both one and three months is predictive of 4-year all-cause mortality. Serial HRQL information may be useful to identify patients at higher risk for adverse cardiac events and mortality and may have implications for determining follow-up frequency and treatment in individual patients.
### Instruction: Does severe and morbid obesity ( BMI ≥ 35 kg/m ( 2 ) ) increase surgical time and length of hospital stay in total knee arthroplasty surgery? ### Response:
Severely and morbidly obese (SMO) patients (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m(2)) undergoing TKA surgery do not require longer operative time or hospital stay than non-obese or obese Class I patients. The fact that surgical time was not significantly different could be due to greater specialisation in the treatment of these patients, which may favour a lower incidence of post-operative complications.
### Instruction: Do gut epithelial barrier dysfunction and innate immune activation predict mortality in treated HIV infection? ### Response:
Gut epithelial barrier dysfunction, innate immune activation, inflammation, and coagulation-but not T-cell activation, senescence, and exhaustion-independently predict mortality in individuals with treated HIV infection with a history of AIDS and are viable targets for interventions.
### Instruction: Does vitamin D deficiency promote epithelial barrier dysfunction and intestinal inflammation? ### Response:
This study demonstrates that vitamin D is an important mediator of intestinal epithelial defenses against infectious agents. Vitamin D deficiency predisposes to more-severe intestinal injury in an infectious model of colitis.
### Instruction: Does novel individual metabolic profile characterize the protein kinase B-alpha ( pkbα-/- ) in vivo model? ### Response:
Specific metabolic characterization should be assessed individually. Therefore, our in silico model enables novel insights inaugurating specific primary preventive strategies targeting individual metabolic profiling precisely.
### Instruction: Does pPARγ activation affect endothelin activity in non-diabetic patients with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia? ### Response:
In non-diabetic patients with hypertension or hypercholesterolemia, pioglitazone improves insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and inflammation but does not affect endothelin activity. Our data suggest that the determinants of endothelin-1 vascular activity in vivo may differ and/or be more complex than those suggested by the results of previous in vitro studies.
### Instruction: Does real-time magnetic resonance assessment of septal curvature accurately track acute hemodynamic changes in pediatric pulmonary hypertension? ### Response:
Septal curvature metrics are able to estimate right ventricular afterload and track acute changes in pulmonary hemodynamics during vasodilator testing. This suggests that septal curvature could be used for continuing assessment of load in pulmonary hypertension.
### Instruction: Is systolic volume index by Doppler echocardiography an useful marker for stratification and prognostic evaluation in patients with severe aortic stenosis and preserved ejection fraction? ### Response:
Patients with severe aortic stenosis, normal ejection fraction and low aortic flow have a worse prognosis. Analysis of aortic flow by Doppler echocardiography is useful in risk stratification and therapeutic decision-making in patients with aortic stenosis.
### Instruction: Does eprosartan improve cardiac function in swine working heart model of ischemia-reperfusion injury? ### Response:
Pre-treatment with Eprosartan is associated with a significant improvement in regional cardiac function under ischemic conditions. Pharmacological treatment with eprosartan may exert a direct cardioprotective effect on ischemic myocardium.
### Instruction: Does development and evaluation of a novel contamination device that target multiple life-stages of Aedes aegypti? ### Response:
This ovitrap is a promising new tool in the battle against Dengue. It has proven to be attractive to Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and effective in contaminating these with Beauveria bassiana. Furthermore, we show that the larvicide pyriproxyfen is successfully disseminated to breeding sites close to the trap. Its low production and operating costs enable large scale deployment in Dengue-affected locations.
### Instruction: Do qT Dispersion and T Wave Peak-to-end Interval Dispersion in Children with Kawasaki Disease? ### Response:
In conclusion, the QT interval (corrected or non-corrected) and the Tp-Te dispersion significantly increased in the patients with KD which shows repolarization changes during the acute phase of KD. However, there is no correlation between the QT interval and the coronary involvement.
### Instruction: Does kidney biopsy result versus clinical parameters on mortality and ESRD progression in 2687 patients with glomerulonephritis? ### Response:
Our study demonstrates histological diagnosis of GN and its specific subtype predicts patient survival and dialysis incidence. Therefore, kidney biopsy should be an integral part of routine diagnostic assessment in patients with any forms of suspected GN.
### Instruction: Does visual gene-network analysis reveal the cancer gene co-expression in human endometrial cancer? ### Response:
The results of this study provide a powerful biomarker discovery platform to better understand the progression of ECs and to uncover potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of ECs. This information might lead to improved monitoring of ECs and resulting improvement of treatment of ECs, the 4th most common of cancer in women.
### Instruction: Is elevated mean platelet volume associated with silent cerebral infarction? ### Response:
MPV is a novel index for SCI regardless of classical cardiovascular risk factors.
### Instruction: Do [ Clinical apprehension on application of Tri-lock BPS total hip arthroplasty ]? ### Response:
Short-term results show that the design of Tri-lock BPS is more in line with human anatomy, and has the advantages in rapid recovery of hip function and retains more bone mass. It offers a newly valuable technology for the treatment of osteonecrosis, femoral neck fracture and DDH and so on.
### Instruction: Is a CD8 T cell/indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase axis required for mesenchymal stem cell suppression of human systemic lupus erythematosus? ### Response:
We found a previously unrecognized CD8+ T cell/IFNγ/IDO axis that mediates the therapeutic effects of allogeneic MSCs in lupus patients.
### Instruction: Is it all in the factors : effects of cognitive remediation on symptom dimensions? ### Response:
CR can have not only a positive effect on disorganisation but also on negative symptoms. Using detailed symptom dimensions can characterise more accurately the effect of CR on symptom of schizophrenia.
### Instruction: Is recovery of fibrinogen concentrate after intraosseous application equivalent to the intravenous route in a porcine model of hemodilution? ### Response:
This study suggests that intraosseous administration of fibrinogen concentrate results in a recovery of fibrinogen similar to that of intravenous administration. The intraosseous route of fibrinogen concentrate could be a valuable alternative in situations where intravenous access is not feasible or would be time consuming.
### Instruction: Are men traveling away from home more likely to bring malaria into high altitude villages , northwest Ethiopia? ### Response:
Travel outside of their home was an important risk of malaria infections acquisition. Targeting males who frequently travel to malarious areas can reduce malaria transmission risks in high altitude areas.
### Instruction: Does breast tumor specific mutation in GATA3 affect physiological mechanisms regulating transcription factor turnover? ### Response:
We propose that this specific, cancer-derived mutation in GATA3 deregulates physiologic protein turnover, stabilizes GATA3 binding across the genome and modulates the response of breast cancer cells to estrogen signaling.
### Instruction: Does e2F3a gene expression have prognostic significance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia? ### Response:
Low expression of E2F3a was associated with inferior prognosis in childhood ALL. An algorithm composed of E2F3a expression and MRD could predict relapse or induction failure more precisely than that of the current risk stratification.
### Instruction: Does neamine inhibit oral cancer progression by suppressing angiogenin-mediated angiogenesis and cancer cell proliferation? ### Response:
Neamine effectively inhibits oral cancer progression through inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. Neamine also directly inhibits proliferation of certain types of oral cancer cells. Therefore, neamine has potential as a lead compound for oral cancer therapy.
### Instruction: Is overexpression of NOTCH-regulated ankyrin repeat protein associated with breast cancer cell proliferation? ### Response:
NRARP may stimulate cell proliferation in human breast cancer.
### Instruction: Does macular pigment optical density measurements by one-wavelength reflection photometry -- influence of cataract surgery on the measurement result? ### Response:
As established by comparison of pre- to post-operative measurements, cataract presented a strong effect on MPOD measured by one-wavelength reflection method. Particular care should therefore be taken when evaluating MPOD using this method in elderly patients with progressed stage of cataract. Future optimization of correcting parameters of scattered light and consideration of cataract influence may allow more precise evaluation of MPOD.
### Instruction: Does antioxidant effect of Phyllanthus emblica extract prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury? ### Response:
This study demonstrated the protective role of PE extract against CI-AKI.
### Instruction: Is nQO1 gene rs1800566 variant associated with risk for multiple sclerosis? ### Response:
Our results indicate that NQO1 rs1800566 does not have an effect on MS disease risk.
### Instruction: Does cD4 count outperform World Health Organization clinical algorithm for point-of-care HIV diagnosis among hospitalised HIV-exposed Malawian infants? ### Response:
Performance by the WHO algorithm and CD4 thresholds resulted in many misclassifications. Point-of-care CD4 thresholds of <1500 cells/mm(3) or <2000 cells/mm(3) could identify more HIV-infected infants with fewer false positives than the algorithm. However, a point-of-care option with better performance characteristics is needed for accurate, timely HIV diagnosis.
### Instruction: Do gNAS gene variants affect β-blocker-related survival after coronary artery bypass grafting? ### Response:
GNAS haplotypes independently associate with an increased risk of death after primary coronary artery bypass graft surgery. These results are most pronounced in patients receiving βAR blockers, strengthening the rationale for personalized treatment, to decrease medication side effects and improve outcomes.
### Instruction: Is complex penetrating duodenal injuries : less better? ### Response:
An application of basic damage-control techniques for PDT leads to improved survival and an acceptable incidence of complications.
### Instruction: Are γ-H2AX foci increased in lymphocytes in vivo in young children 1 h after very low-dose X-irradiation : a pilot study? ### Response:
We found a significant induction of γ-H2AX foci in lymphocytes from post-CT samples of three very young children. When possible, CT exams should be limited or avoided by possibly applying non-ionizing radiation exposure techniques such as US or MRI.
### Instruction: Is target weight gain during the first year of hemodialysis therapy associated with patient survival? ### Response:
The initial fluid removal was related to nutritional markers. The secondary TGW change during the first year of HD treatment calculated after the initial phase of fluid removal was identified as a strong predictor of survival. It was associated with a better food intake whereas the patient case mix was not different. These data highlight the importance of nutrition and food intake in the first year of dialysis therapy and the need for nutritional follow-up and support in incident HD patients. It stresses the need in understanding the key factors associated with food intake in this setting.
### Instruction: Do amyloid and APOE ε4 interact to influence short-term decline in preclinical Alzheimer disease? ### Response:
Clinically normal individuals who are APOE ε4+ and have high Aβ showed the highest cognitive decline. These results suggest that Aβ and APOE ε4 are not redundant contributors of decline in aging but rather interact to promote decline during the short follow-up period examined in this study. Longer follow-up periods will be essential to fully elucidate the influence of Alzheimer disease risk factors on cognitive decline in aging.
### Instruction: Does hedgehog/Gli promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in lung squamous cell carcinomas? ### Response:
Our results suggested that the Shh/Gli pathway may be critical for lung SCC recurrence, metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. Inhibition of the Shh/Gli pathway activity/function is a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of lung SCC patients.
### Instruction: Is clinical success of intrauterine insemination cycles affected by the sperm preparation time? ### Response:
The observance of TSP in the range of 40-80 minutes has a potential positive effect on pregnancy rate, while not requiring the investment of supplemental resources. This finding awaits confirmation in randomized trials.
### Instruction: Is cycling performance decrement greater in hypobaric versus normobaric hypoxia? ### Response:
Cycling time trial performance is impaired to a greater degree in HH versus NH at the same ambient PO2 equivalent to 4,300 m despite similar cardiorespiratory responses.
### Instruction: Are free-fatty-acid-regulating effects of fermented red ginseng mediated by hormones and by the autonomic nervous system? ### Response:
The path coefficients of cortisol and the branchial pulse for FFA were significantly different between the FRG group and the placebo group.
### Instruction: Do impact of electrode design and surgical approach on scalar location and cochlear implant outcomes? ### Response:
These data suggest that RW and ERW approaches and LW electrodes are associated with an increased likelihood of successful ST placement. Furthermore, electrode position entirely within the ST confers superior audiological outcomes.
### Instruction: Are baseline metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis associated with survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer receiving stereotactic body radiation therapy? ### Response:
Pre-SBRT MTV and TLG are potential predictive factors for overall survival in patients with LAPC and may assist in tailoring therapy.
### Instruction: Is reverse interferon signature characteristic of antigen-presenting cells in human and rat spondyloarthritis? ### Response:
Our results suggest that expression of HLA-B27 leads to a defect in IFNγ signaling in antigen-presenting cells in both B27-transgenic rats and SpA patients, which may result in Th17 expansion and Treg cell alteration (as shown in B27-transgenic rats) and contribute to disease pathogenesis.
### Instruction: Does inactivation of patched1 in murine chondrocytes cause spinal fusion without inflammation? ### Response:
Our findings indicate that chronic activation of the HH signal pathway in spinal chondrocytes can trigger an ankylosing spine morphology without immune cell contributions. Hence, the destruction of cartilage and loss of axial joint integrity can result from chondrocyte-intrinsic defects of monogenic origin.
### Instruction: Does biofeedback-guided control of abdominothoracic muscular activity reduce regurgitation episodes in patients with rumination? ### Response:
Rumination is produced by an unperceived somatic response to food ingestion that disrupts abdominal accommodation and can be effectively corrected by biofeedback-guided control of abdominothoracic muscular activity.
### Instruction: Does paeonol protect against premature senescence in endothelial cells by modulating Sirtuin 1 pathway? ### Response:
These findings suggest that paeonol protects endothelial cells against oxidative stress-induced premature senescence by modulating the expressions of Sirt1 protein and its substrates.
### Instruction: Does kynurenine production mediated by indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase aggravate liver injury in HBV-specific CTL-induced fulminant hepatitis? ### Response:
Kynurenine and IFN-γ induced by the administration with HBV-specific CTL are cooperatively involved in the progression of liver injury in acute hepatitis model. Our results may lead to a new therapy for the acute liver injury caused by HBV infection.
### Instruction: Are mitochondrial SIRT3 and its target glutamate dehydrogenase altered in follicular cells of women with reduced ovarian reserve or advanced maternal age? ### Response:
SIRT3 mRNA and active protein in granulosa and cumulus cells were decreased in women with reduced ovarian reserve and advanced maternal age.
### Instruction: Are human spotted fever group rickettsioses underappreciated in southern Taiwan , particularly for the species closely-related to Rickettsia felis? ### Response:
Human SFGR exist and are neglected diseases in southern Taiwan, particularly for the species closely-related to R. felis.
### Instruction: Is mitochondrial DNA copy number associated with diagnosis and prognosis of head and neck cancer? ### Response:
mtDNA copy number appears to be associated with HNC stage and survival, but confirmation requires similar studies in larger cohorts.
### Instruction: Is chk1 required for the metaphase-anaphase transition via regulating the expression and localization of Cdc20 and Mad2? ### Response:
These results strongly suggest that Chk1 is required for the metaphase-anaphase transition via regulating the subcellular localization and the expression of Cdc20 and Mad2.
### Instruction: Does sedum sarmentosum Bunge extract exert renal anti-fibrotic effects in vivo and in vitro? ### Response:
These findings suggest that SSBE may have therapeutic potential for fibrotic kidney diseases.
### Instruction: Do neutrophils from allergic asthmatic patients produce and release metalloproteinase-9 upon direct exposure to allergens? ### Response:
These data demonstrate that the exposure of neutrophils to allergens leads to generation of MMP-9, which may then lead to remodelling in asthma.
### Instruction: Are c3 and C4 strongly related to adipose tissue variables and cardiovascular risk factors? ### Response:
A strong relation between C3, C4 and C3a-desArg levels, adipose tissue and risk factors of CVD was established. The data support that the adipose tissue produces complement components and generates initiators of inflammation, such as C3a and C5a, able to trigger a cyto/chemokine response, in proportion to the amount of adipose tissue. This corroborates the concept that complement contributes to the low-grade inflammation associated with obesity.
### Instruction: Does continuous endotracheal tube cuff pressure control system protect against ventilator-associated pneumonia? ### Response:
The use of a continuous endotracheal cuff pressure control system and/or an endotracheal tube with a lumen for SSD could help to prevent VAP in patients requiring more than 48 hours of mechanical ventilation.
### Instruction: Does comparison of not for resuscitation ( NFR ) form across five Victorian health services? ### Response:
NFR forms should be reviewed and standardised so as to be clear, uniform and consistent with the legislative framework. We propose a two-stage process of documentation. Stage 1 facilitates discussion of patient-specific goals of care and consideration of limitations of treatment. Stage 2 serves to communicate a NFR order. Decisions to withhold resuscitation are inherently complex but could be aided by separating the decision-making process from the communication of the decision, resulting in improved end-of-life care.
### Instruction: Does thorax irradiation trigger a local and systemic accumulation of immunosuppressive CD4+ FoxP3+ regulatory T cells? ### Response:
The response of the adaptive immune system to whole thorax irradiation is characterized by local immunoactivation and systemic immunosuppression. The transient accumulation of immunosuppressive CD4+ FoxP3+ Treg may be required to protect the lung against excessive inflammation-induced tissue damage. Further investigations shall define the mechanisms underlying the accumulation of Treg and their role for the pathogenesis of radiation-induced lung disease.
### Instruction: Does tRIB3 alter endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced β-cell apoptosis via the NF-κB pathway? ### Response:
TRIB3 mediated ER stress-induced β-cell apoptosis via the NF-κB pathway.
### Instruction: Is additional surgical procedure a risk factor for surgical site infections after laparoscopic cholecystectomy? ### Response:
Additional surgical procedure was identified as a strong risk factor for SSI after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Furthermore, operation time >60 min, age >55 years, conversion to open procedure, cystic stump insufficiency, postoperative hematoma, gallbladder perforation, gallbladder empyema, or surgical revision were identified as specific risk factors for SSI after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
### Instruction: Is cannulation time a more accurate measure of cannulation difficulty in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography than the number of attempts? ### Response:
The grade of cannulation difficulty for a given ERCP procedure may differ when different methods are used (total cannulation time vs number of attempts); thus, grading by different methods should not be used interchangeably. Cannulation time is a more objective and more accurate assessment tool for grading cannulation difficulty than the number of attempts to cannulate the papilla.
### Instruction: Does taurolidine specifically inhibit growth of neuroblastoma cell lines in vitro? ### Response:
The observed negative impact on cell growth, highly distinctive in SK-N-BE(2)-M17 and SK-N-SH, implies a taurolidine-specific mode of action that appears dependent on differences on cellular and molecular level. Further investigations are warranted to evaluate its mechanism and probable clinical use.
### Instruction: Does humeral windows and longitudinal split for component removal in revision shoulder arthroplasty? ### Response:
In both groups, there were no cases of malunion or clinical loosening. These data suggest that windows and longitudinal splits facilitate controlled removal of well-fixed components with high rate of union and low rate of intraoperative or postoperative sequelae.
### Instruction: Do common variants on 9p21.3 are associated with brain arteriovenous malformations with accompanying arterial aneurysms? ### Response:
Common 9p21.3 variants showed similar effect sizes for association with BAVM as previously reported for aneurysmal disease. The association with BAVM appears to be explained by known associations with aneurysms, suggesting that BAVM-associated aneurysms share similar vascular pathology mechanisms with other aneurysm types.
### Instruction: Does intracanal delivery of Resolvin E1 control inflammation in necrotic immature rat teeth? ### Response:
RvE1 and TAP had a positive impact on reducing inflammation and promoting root formation. RvE1 was more effective in reducing inflammation at earlier stages. RvE1 has potential to be used as root canal dressing to control inflammation in endodontically compromised teeth before complete root formation. Stability of RvE1 within the root canal and its delivery are issues to be addressed before its clinical use.
### Instruction: Does limited evidence suggest standard fluoride toothpaste reduces caries potential in preschool children? ### Response:
Standard F toothpastes are effective in reducing dental caries in the primary teeth of preschool children and thus their use should be recommended to this age group.
### Instruction: Does activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ attenuate acute ischemic stroke on middle cerebral ischemia occlusion in rats? ### Response:
The study suggests the neuroprotective effect of the PPAR-β/δ ligand GW0742 in acute ischemic stroke by a mechanism that may involve its anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic action.
### Instruction: Does serum high-mobility group box 1 protein correlate with cognitive decline after gastrointestinal surgery? ### Response:
Serum HMGB1 and IL-6 levels increase significantly after major gastrointestinal surgery in elderly patients and such elevations are associated with the occurrence of cognitive decline after surgery.
### Instruction: Is adenovirus species C associated with chronic suppurative lung diseases in children? ### Response:
HAdV-C is the major HAdV species detected in the lower airways of children with PBB and BE. Younger age appears to be an important risk factor for HAdV(+) of the lower airways and influences the likelihood of bacterial coinfection.
### Instruction: Does severe leukoaraiosis portend a poor outcome after traumatic brain injury? ### Response:
We provide first evidence that preexisting cerebral small vessel disease independently predicts a poor functional outcome after closed head TBI. This association is independent of other established outcome predictors such as age, comorbid state as well as intensive care unit complications and interventions. This knowledge may help improve prognostic accuracy, clinical management, and resource utilization.
### Instruction: Is home death associated with frequency of physician home medical care visits : a questionnaire survey on communications in home medical care settings? ### Response:
The frequency of doctor home-visits was the only factor identified that was positively associated with the occurrence of home death in home medical care settings.
### Instruction: Does peptide XIB13 reduce capillary leak in a rodent burn model? ### Response:
Xib13 improved angiogenesis, reduced edema formation and showed no side effects on other physiological parameters. Since edema formation is a serious parameter for burn conversion and is associated with survival it could provide a new treatment option for patients with burn injuries.
### Instruction: Does overexpression of long noncoding RNA HOTAIR predict a poor prognosis in patients with cervical cancer? ### Response:
our data indicate that high expression of HOTAIR is involved in cervical cancer progression and could be a potential target for diagnosis and gene therapy.
### Instruction: Is lPA rs10455872 polymorphism associated with coronary lesions in Brazilian patients submitted to coronary angiography? ### Response:
We confirmed the association of the LPA rs10455872 with CAD in a large sample of Brazilian patients. For the LPA rs3798220, our finding is consistent with studies which showed the lack of this genetic association.
### Instruction: Is the ratio of plasma interleukin-18 a sensitive biomarker for acute kidney injury after liver transplantation? ### Response:
Plasma IL-18 concentrations taken 1 hour after reperfusion were predictive of AKI. Therefore, changing IL-18 ratio may be an early predictor for AKI after OLT.
### Instruction: Do bile CXC motif chemokine 10 levels correlate with anti-donor cytotoxic T cell responses after liver transplantation? ### Response:
Measurements of bile CXCL10 levels could predict anti-donor cytotoxic T cell responses in liver transplant recipients.
### Instruction: Are hypertension and hepatitis C virus infection strong risk factors for developing late renal dysfunction after living donor liver transplantation : significance of renal biopsy? ### Response:
Although HCV and hypertension were determined to be independent risk factors for LRD after LDLT, a renal biopsy should be performed when clinical symptoms develop regardless of creatinine levels to provide appropriate treatment.
### Instruction: Are antibodies to the amino-terminal domain of desmoglein 1 retained during transition from pemphigus vulgaris to pemphigus foliaceus? ### Response:
Our findings suggest that amino-terminal pathogenic antibodies to the EC domain of Dsg1 were retained, while considerable epitope changes occurred in response to Dsg3 during the shift from PV to PF, with an absolute or significant decrease in pathogenic antibodies to the EC1 domain of Dsg3.
### Instruction: Does a rapid two-step algorithm detect and identifies clinical macrolide and beta-lactam antibiotic resistance in clinical bacterial isolates? ### Response:
Having the advantages of the shorter operating time and comparable high sensitivity and specificity with the traditional phenotypic test, our two-step algorithm provides an efficient tool for rapid determination of macrolide and beta-lactam antibiotic resistances in clinical bacterial isolates.
### Instruction: Does cognitive executive performance influence functional outcome in euthymic type I bipolar disorder outpatients? ### Response:
Persistent executive deficits in EutBDI may be related to their frequently reported difficulties in personaland occupational adjustment.
### Instruction: Does retrograde coronary vein infusion of cardiac explant-derived c-Kit+ cells improves function in ischemic heart failure? ### Response:
Our study showed that the RCV infusion approach is an efficient technique for targeted cell delivery to the infarcted myocardium. Cardiac c-Kit(+) cells, delivered using RCV infusion ameliorated progression of heart failure, improved cardiac function and retarded myocardial remodeling in heart failure rats.
### Instruction: Is stromal cell-derived factor-1-3 ' A polymorphism associated with decreased risk of myocardial infarction and early endothelial disturbance? ### Response:
SDF1-3'A polymorphism is associated with a decreased risk of MI and early endothelial dysfunction, strongly confirming the important atherogenic role of SDF1 gene at clinical level.
### Instruction: Does stress mediate the relationship between sexual orientation and behavioral risk disparities? ### Response:
Higher prevalence of current smoking and lifetime history of substance use was observed among sexual minorities compared to heterosexuals. Among bisexuals, depressive symptoms accounted for only 0.9-3% of the reduction in the association between sexual orientation and marijuana use and tobacco use, respectively. More comprehensive assessments of stress are needed to inform explanations of the disparities in behavioral risk observed among sexual minorities.
### Instruction: Is telling adolescents a parent dying? ### Response:
Families inform adolescents about the progression of a parent's terminal illness in characteristic ways that remain fairly consistent throughout the illness, and are aimed at easing the adolescents' burden and distress. The families engaged in the process of disclosure in one of four ways: measured telling, skirted telling, matter-of-fact telling, and inconsistent telling. These results will inform the development of interventions that assist families with disclosure and are tailored to each family's communication style.
### Instruction: Is ( 13 ) C enrichment of the CO2 in breast milk and in the breath rapidly modified by changes in the ( 13 ) C content of the diet? ### Response:
Subjects eating a C4 diet have a higher δ(13)CPDBV value in the breath and breast milk fractions, which diminish rapidly on a C3 diet. Further studies focusing on individual nutrients are warranted.
### Instruction: Does patient-prosthesis mismatch in patients undergoing bioprosthetic aortic valve implantation increase risk of reoperation for structural valve deterioration? ### Response:
Patients suffering from mismatch were twice as likely to undergo reoperation for aortic bioprosthesis replacement for SVD than those without mismatch.
### Instruction: Does early aggressive nutrition enhance language development in very low-birthweight infants? ### Response:
This study demonstrates the importance of the protein and energy intakes in VLBW infants in the first week of life not only for growth but also for better language development.
### Instruction: Do long-term subjective benefit with a bone conduction implant sound processor in 44 patients with single-sided deafness? ### Response:
The majority of the patients reported an overall improvement from using their BCI. However, the number of users decreases during a longer follow-up time and patients get less enthusiastic about the device after an extended period of use, especially in noisy situations. However, diminished satisfaction because of time-related reductions in processor function could not be ruled out.
### Instruction: Does suv39h1 protect from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats? ### Response:
Overexpression of Suv39h1 results in the de-activation of proinflammatory pathways and reduced apoptosis and myocardial injury. Therefore, Suv39h1 might represent a novel therapeutic strategy to reduce I/R injury under diabetic condition.
### Instruction: Is risk of obstructive sleep apnea with daytime sleepiness associated with liver damage in non-morbidly obese patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease? ### Response:
A proportion of NAFLD patients without severe obesity is at risk for OSAS with daytime sleepiness, which is associated with the severity of liver damage independently of body mass and other cofactors.
### Instruction: Do δ-Opioid receptors in the accumbens shell mediate the influence of both excitatory and inhibitory predictions on choice? ### Response:
These findings suggest that δ-opioid receptors in the NAc-S were involved in the effects of predictive learning on choice between actions, whether those predictions involve the presence or absence of specific rewarding events.
### Instruction: Is clusterin/Apolipoprotein J immunolocalization on carotid artery affected by TNF-alpha , cigarette smoking and anti-platelet treatment? ### Response:
Our study suggests that CLU expression on carotid artery is affected by TNF-alpha, cigarette smoking confirming its association with oxidative and cellular stress and anti-platelet medication reflecting the protective effects of such pharmacological treatment on vascular wall.
### Instruction: Do differences in nicotine metabolism of two Nicotiana attenuata herbivores render them differentially susceptible to a common native predator? ### Response:
Nicotine oxidation reduces S. exigua's headspace-nicotine and renders it more susceptible to predation by spiders than M. sexta, which exhales unmetabolized nicotine. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that generalist herbivores incur costs of detoxification, which include the ecological costs of greater predation risks, in addition to the previously demonstrated energetic, physiological and metabolic costs.