Datasets:
typosonlr
/
PubMedPreProcessed

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
Community
1
question
stringlengths
52
373
long_answer
stringlengths
1
3.34k
### Instruction: Does plasmid DNA Vaccine Co-Immunisation modulate Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses Induced by Intranasal Inoculation in Mice? ### Response:
These data suggest that while IN inoculation alone elicits both cellular and humoral responses, co-administration with homologous DNA vaccination can tailor these towards a more balanced Th1/Th2 phenotype modulating the cellular cytokine profile while eliciting high-levels of antigen-specific antibody. This work provides insights on how to generate differential immune responses within the same vaccination visit, and supports co-immunisation with DNA and protein by a mucosal route as a potential delivery strategy for HIV vaccines.
### Instruction: Does active lifestyle in childhood and adolescence prevent obesity development in young adulthood? ### Response:
An active lifestyle throughout childhood and adolescence could prevent obesity development in young adulthood.
### Instruction: Is increased BST2 expression during simian immunodeficiency virus infection a determinant of disease progression in rhesus monkeys? ### Response:
The detected relationship between BST2 expression and viral load as well as with MX1 indicate a common regulation by the interferon response and suggest rather limited influence of BST2 in vivo on the disease outcome.
### Instruction: Is gut colonization with methanobrevibacter smithii associated with childhood weight development? ### Response:
Presence and higher counts of M. smithii in the gut of children are associated with higher weight z-scores, higher BMI z-scores, and overweight.
### Instruction: Is sequential brief neuropsychological evaluation of migraineurs identical to controls? ### Response:
Interictal migraineurs and controls performance is identical in a brief cognitive battery focused on executive functions. Repeated applications produced a practice effect that was quantified.
### Instruction: Does a transient ischemic environment induce reversible compaction of chromatin? ### Response:
These studies exemplify the dynamic capacity of chromatin architecture to physically respond to environmental conditions, directly link cellular energy status to chromatin compaction and provide insight into the effect ischemia has on the nuclear architecture of cells.
### Instruction: Does a novel aspirin prodrug inhibit NFκB activity and breast cancer stem cell properties? ### Response:
These results establish GTCpFE as a prototype for novel ASA-and fumarate-based anti-inflammatory drugs that: (i) are capable of targeting CSCs, and (ii) may be developed as chemopreventive or therapeutic agents in breast cancer.
### Instruction: Is tRPC1 required for survival and proliferation of cochlear spiral ganglion stem/progenitor cells? ### Response:
The results suggest that TRPC1 might serve as an essential molecule in regulating the proliferation of spiral ganglion SPCs.
### Instruction: Is all that blood is not schistosomiasis : experiences with reagent strip testing for urogenital schistosomiasis with special consideration to very-low prevalence settings? ### Response:
Reagent strip testing for microhaematuria remains a good proxy for urogenital schistosomiasis, but implications of test results and scope of application differ depending on the setting in which reagent strips are employed. In very-low prevalence settings, microhaematuria is an unstable proxy for urogenital schistosomiasis and treatment decision should not be based on reagent strip test results alone. Our findings underscore the need for highly accurate diagnostic tools for settings targeted for elimination of urogenital schistosomiasis.
### Instruction: Is body mass index associated with higher Gleason score and biochemical recurrence risk following radical prostatectomy in Chinese men : a retrospective cohort study and meta-analysis? ### Response:
The present study suggested that higher BMI was an independent risk factor for a higher Gleason score, as well as an independent predictor of BCR after radical prostatectomy in Chinese patients. Meta-analysis of Asian studies also indicated that obese patients, although without statistical significance, might be more likely to suffer from BCR.
### Instruction: Does the Natural Time Course of Membrane Alterations During Peritoneal Dialysis be Partly Altered by Peritonitis? ### Response:
On top of the natural course of peritoneal function, peritonitis episodes to some extent influence the time-course of small-solute and fluid transport-especially the transport of solute-free water. Those modifications increase the risk for overhydration.
### Instruction: Is radiographic measurement of the posterior femoral offset precise? ### Response:
The conventional radiologic technique for the measurement of the posterior femoral offset cannot be reliably used either for pre-TKA planning of the posterior femoral resection and antero-posterior sizing of the femoral component, or for post-TKA quality control of the reconstruction of the posterior femoral offset.
### Instruction: Do poor Muscle Strength and Low Physical Activity Are the Most Prevalent Frailty Components in Community-Dwelling Older Adults? ### Response:
Poor muscle strength was the most prevalent frailty component and was closely associated with physical activity, suggesting that training programs may revert or prevent the frailty process.
### Instruction: Does aCL Graft Position affect in Situ Graft Force Following ACL Reconstruction? ### Response:
Anatomic ACL reconstruction exposes grafts to higher loads at lower angles of knee flexion.
### Instruction: Does dBD-F induce apoptosis in gastric cancer-derived cells through suppressing HIF2α expression? ### Response:
From our findings we conclude that DBD-F (i) is cytotoxic to gastric cancer-derived cells and (ii) can induce apoptosis in these cells via the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. In addition, our findings strongly indicate that DBD-F can inhibit HIF2α expression by affecting the phosphorylation status of MEK/ERK in gastric cancer-derived cells.
### Instruction: Does an engineered cryptic Hxt11 sugar transporter facilitate glucose-xylose co-consumption in Saccharomyces cerevisiae? ### Response:
Hxt11 is a cryptic sugar transporter of S. cerevisiae that previously has not been associated with effective d-xylose transport. Mutagenesis of Hxt11 yielded transporters that show a better affinity for d-xylose as compared to d-glucose while maintaining high transport rates. d-glucose and d-xylose co-consumption is due to a redistribution of the sugar transport flux while maintaining the total sugar conversion rate into ethanol. This method provides a single transporter solution for effective fermentation on lignocellulosic feedstocks.
### Instruction: Is laparoscopy Safe and Accurate to Evaluate Peritoneal Surface Metastasis Prior to Cytoreductive Surgery? ### Response:
Diagnostic laparoscopy is a safe, feasible, and accurate staging tool in patients with suspected peritoneal metastases being considered for CRS.
### Instruction: Is highest power magnification with narrow-band imaging useful for improving diagnostic performance for endoscopic delineation of early gastric cancers? ### Response:
HM-NBI is useful for improving diagnostic performance for endoscopic delineation of early gastric cancers, following CE and LM-NBI.
### Instruction: Does semaphorin 3a transfection into the left stellate ganglion reduce susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction in rats? ### Response:
Semaphorin 3a overexpression in the LSG ameliorates the inducibility of ventricular arrhythmias after MI, mainly through attenuation of neural remodelling within the cardiac-neuraxis.
### Instruction: Is liposarcomatous differentiation in malignant phyllodes tumours unassociated with MDM2 or CDK4 amplification? ### Response:
This study examined molecular changes in the well-differentiated liposarcomatous components of MPT. Despite histological similarity to well-differentiated liposarcoma of soft tissues, liposarcomatous differentiation in MPT lacks the molecular phenotype characteristic of extramammary well-differentiated liposarcoma.
### Instruction: Does citrus limonoid nomilin inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro by suppression of NFATc1 and MAPK signaling pathways? ### Response:
This study demonstrates clearly that nomilin has inhibitory effects on osteoclastic differentiation in vitro. These findings indicate that nomilin-containing herbal preparations have potential utility for the prevention of bone metabolic diseases.
### Instruction: Does strong Notch activation hinder bevacizumab efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer? ### Response:
A potential role of Notch activation in the antitumor activity of bevacizumab could be hypothesized.
### Instruction: Does intermittent hypoxia induce disturbances in craniofacial growth and defects in craniofacial morphology? ### Response:
This study is the first to identify growth retardation of the craniofacial bones in an animal model of sleep apnea. Notably, 3 weeks of IH can induce multiple changes in the bones around the upper airway in pubertal rats, which can enhance upper airway narrowing and the development of OSA. The reproducibility of these results supports the validity and usefulness of this model. These findings also emphasize the critical importance of morphometric evaluation of patients with OSA.
### Instruction: Does inferior vena cava collapsibility lose correlation with internal jugular vein collapsibility during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure? ### Response:
IJV and IVC collapsibility correlated during spontaneous breathing but there was no statistically significant correlation during increased thoracic or intra-abdominal pressure. Increased intra-abdominal pressure was associated with a significant smaller maximal IVC diameter and cautions the reliability of IVC diameter in clinical settings that are associated with intra-abdominal hypertension or abdominal compartment syndrome.
### Instruction: Does the direction of cross affect [ corrected ] obesity after puberty in male but not female offspring? ### Response:
Parent-of-origin effects during gametogenesis and/or fetal development in an obese mother epigenetically modify the transcription of genes that lead to enhanced fatty acid synthesis and impair β-oxidation in the liver of male, but not female F1 offspring. Down-regulation of Peg3 could contribute to trigger this metabolic setting. At puberty, higher amounts of the androgen receptor and altered access to estrogen response elements in affected genes are likely responsible for male specific expression of genes that were epigenetically triggered. A suggestive lack of estrogen binding motifs was found for highly down-regulated genes in adult hepatocytes of obese F1 males (p = 0.074).
### Instruction: Do prenatal and postnatal markers of severity in congenital diaphragmatic hernia have similar prognostic ability? ### Response:
These data suggest that prenatal evaluation was equivalent to the postnatal diaphragmatic defect classification for predicting survival and need for ECMO in CDH patients.
### Instruction: Does autophagy Inhibitor 3-MA weaken Neuroprotective Effects of Posttraumatic Brain Injury Moderate Hypothermia? ### Response:
Our results suggest that the autophagy pathway is involved in the neuroprotective effect of post-TBI hypothermia and negative modulation of apoptosis may be 1 possible mechanism.
### Instruction: Does disruption of Physiological Balance Between Nitric Oxide and Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization impair Cardiovascular Homeostasis in Mice? ### Response:
These results indicate that excessive endothelium-derived NO with reduced EDH impairs cardiovascular homeostasis in mice in vivo.
### Instruction: Does phosphoinositide 3-kinase-δ regulate fungus-induced allergic lung inflammation through endoplasmic reticulum stress? ### Response:
These findings suggest that PI3K-δ regulates Af-induced steroid-resistant eosinophilic allergic lung inflammation through ER stress.
### Instruction: Does neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus persist despite attenuation of systemic disease in MRL/lpr mice? ### Response:
Chimeric MRL/+ → MRL/lpr mice displayed no attenuation of the behavioral phenotype found in MRL/lpr mice, despite normalized serum autoantibodies and conserved renal function. Therefore, neuropsychiatric disease in the MRL/lpr lupus-prone strain of mice can occur absent any major contributions from systemic autoimmunity.
### Instruction: Are notch1/3 and p53/p21 a potential therapeutic target for APS-induced apoptosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines? ### Response:
This study demonstrated that APS-treated could inhibit proliferation and promote cell apoptosis, at least partially, through suppressing the expression of notch1 and notch3 and up-regulating the expression of tumor suppressors in H460 NSCLC cell lines.
### Instruction: Does presence of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Suspicious Lesion predict Gleason 7 or Greater Prostate Cancer in Biopsy-Naive Patients? ### Response:
Prostate MRI should be considered prior to biopsy in all patients presenting with clinical suspicion for PCa, as presence of a MSR will help guide prebiopsy counseling and provide an opportunity for MRI targeting during biopsy.
### Instruction: Does a novel two-step genome editing strategy with CRISPR-Cas9 provide new insights into telomerase action and TERT gene expression? ### Response:
We develop a two-step CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing strategy to introduce precise modifications at the endogenous TERT locus in human cell lines. This method provides a useful tool for studying telomerase biology, and suggests a general approach to edit loci with low targeting efficiency and to purify and visualize low abundance proteins.
### Instruction: Are variations in the high-mobility group-A2 gene ( HMGA2 ) associated with idiopathic short stature? ### Response:
Besides the already known role in determining variability in human height, HMGA2 polymorphisms also contribute to susceptibility to ISS. Moreover, we here report the first mutation screening performed in ISS concluding that HMGA2 has not a significant impact on the monogenic form of ISS.
### Instruction: Is relatively Large Cervical Spinal Cord for Spinal Canal a Risk factor for Development of Cervical Spinal Cord Compression : A Cross-Sectional Study of 1211 Subjects? ### Response:
The spinal cord diameter was independent of the spinal canal diameter and the relative size of a spinal cord and spinal canal differed on an individual basis. In addition, the ratio of spinal cord/dural sac in subjects with SCC was significantly larger. Therefore, a relatively large spinal cord could be a risk factor for SCC.
### Instruction: Are we also interested in how fathers feel : a qualitative exploration of child health center nurses ' recognition of postnatal depression in fathers? ### Response:
This study contributes to an increased awareness of hindrances to the recognition of PND in fathers. The importance to detect all signals of paternal health status in fathers suffering from PND needs to be acknowledged. Overall, more attention needs to be paid to PND in fathers where a part of the solution for this is that they are screened just like the mothers.
### Instruction: Does changing Default Fluoroscopy Equipment Settings decrease Entrance Skin Dose in Patients? ### Response:
Radiation safety training protocols improved clinical knowledge but did not significantly alter fluoroscopy time. Changing equipment default settings to intermittent pulse rate (12 frames per second) and half-dose lowered the entrance skin dose by 30% across all endourology patients but most significantly during percutaneous nephrolithotomy. To limit patient radiation exposure fluoroscopy default settings should be decreased before all endourology procedures and image equipment manufacturers should consider lowering standard default renal settings.
### Instruction: Does monosialotetrahexosylganglioside inhibit the Expression of p-CREB and NR2B in the Auditory Cortex in Rats with Salicylate-Induced Tinnitus? ### Response:
These data suggest that chronic salicylate administration induces tinnitus via upregulation of p-CREB and NR2B expression, and that GM1 can potentially be used to treat tinnitus.
### Instruction: Does gPR39 activate proliferation and differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes through targeting the PI3K/AKT cell signaling pathway? ### Response:
It indicated that GPR39 was a transducer of Zn(2+), and enhanced proliferation and differentiation of porcine intramuscular preadipocytes through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
### Instruction: Do composite Measures of Individual and Area-Level Socio-Economic Status Are Associated with Visual Impairment in Singapore? ### Response:
In this community-based sample of Asian adults, both individual- and area-level SES were independently associated with the presence and severity of VI.
### Instruction: Does neuromuscular electrical stimulation-assisted gait increase muscle strength and volume in children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy? ### Response:
Eight weeks of daily NMES-assisted gait increases muscle volume and strength of the stimulated ankle dorsiflexors in children with unilateral spastic CP. These changes are use-dependent and do not carry over after the 8-week treatment period. Gastrocnemius volume also increased post-treatment with carryover at week 14.
### Instruction: Do a Thalamic-Fronto-Parietal Structural Covariance Network Emerging in the Course of Recovery from Hand Paresis after Ischemic Stroke? ### Response:
Chronic phase of sensorimotor cortical stroke has been characterized by a large scale co-varying structural network in the ipsilesional hemisphere associated specifically with sensorimotor hand skill. Its expression is related to GMV increase of md thalamus, one constituent of the network, and correlated with the cortico-striato-thalamic loop involved in control of motor execution and higher order sensorimotor cortices. A close relation between expression of this network with degree of recovery might indicate reduced compensatory resources in the impaired subgroup.
### Instruction: Is immediate post-traumatic pulmonary embolism associated with right ventricular dysfunction? ### Response:
Early post-traumatic PE appears to be associated with fewer RV physiologic changes than late post-traumatic PE and may be representative of primary pulmonary thrombosis. It remains to be seen whether early CT findings of PE should be managed according to previously established guidelines for embolic disease.
### Instruction: Do integrative Mouse and Human Studies Implicate ANGPT1 and ZBTB7C as Susceptibility Genes to Ischemic Injury? ### Response:
Genetic variations of ANGPT1 and ZBTB7C are associated with increased infarct size in both mice and humans. ZBTB7C may modulate the ischemic response via neuronal apoptosis and dynamic collateralization and, in addition to ANGPT1, may serve as potential novel targets for treatments of cerebral ischemia.
### Instruction: Is anti-HIV-1 activity determined by β-galactosidase activity in the multinuclear activation of an indicator assay comparable with that by a conventional focus counting method? ### Response:
Antiviral activities of inhibitors for entry obtained from both enzymatic and counting methods appear to be comparable, even in infection of a highly syncytia inducible HIV-1IIIB strain.
### Instruction: Is overexpression of miR-210 Associated with Poor Prognosis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia? ### Response:
MiR-210 up-regulation was associated with poor prognosis in AML and it might be useful as a marker for predicting the clinical outcome of AML patients.
### Instruction: Do influence of the Number of Predicted Words on Text Input Speed in Participants With Cervical Spinal Cord Injury? ### Response:
For persons with low-cervical SCI, a small number of words should be displayed, or WPS should not be used at all. For persons with high-cervical SCI, a larger number of words displayed increases the comfort of use of WPS.
### Instruction: Does fEV1/FEV6 in Primary Care be a Reliable and Easy Method for the Diagnosis of COPD? ### Response:
FEV1/FEV6 <0.72 can be used in primary care as a valid alternative to FEV1/FVC <0.70 as a fixed cutoff point for the detection of COPD in adults. This study suggests that FEV1/FEV6 is an effective and well validated option that should be used in primary care to detect COPD, which is a rampant problem.
### Instruction: Are myopia and/or longer axial length protective against diabetic retinopathy : a meta-analysis? ### Response:
This meta-analysis suggests that both myopic refraction and longer AL are associated with a lower risk of DR. Further studies are needed to determine exact mechanisms underpinning the protective effect of myopia against DR.
### Instruction: Does acid ceramidase treatment enhance the outcome of autologous chondrocyte implantation in a rat osteochondral defect model? ### Response:
The results further demonstrate the positive effects of rhAC treatment on chondrocyte growth and phenotype in vitro, and reveal for the first time the in vivo effects of the treated cells on cartilage repair.
### Instruction: Does maternal high-fat hypercaloric diet during pregnancy result in persistent metabolic and respiratory abnormalities in offspring? ### Response:
Maternal nutrition in pregnancy is a critical determinant of airway inflammation and hyperreactivity in offspring and also increases risk for bronchiolitis independent from prepregnancy nutrition.
### Instruction: Does substance P mediate pro-inflammatory cytokine release form mesenteric adipocytes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients? ### Response:
Preadipocyte SP-NK-1R interactions during IBD may participate in IBD pathophysiology. The ability of human preadipocytes to release IL-17A in response to SP together with increased IL-17A receptor in IBD colon opens the possibility of a fat-colonic mucosa inflammatory loop that may be active during IBD.
### Instruction: Is beta-blocker use associated with lower stroke and death after carotid artery stenting? ### Response:
Postprocedural hypertension and hypotension that require treatment are both strongly associated with periprocedural stroke/death after CAS. Beta blockers significantly reduce the stroke/death risk associated with carotid stenting and should be investigated prospectively for potential use during CAS.
### Instruction: Does atorvastatin improve cardiac function of rats with chronic cardiac failure via inhibiting Rac1/P47phox/P67phox-mediated ROS release? ### Response:
Atorvastatin may improve cardiac function of rats with heart failure via inhibiting Rac1/P47phox/P67phox-mediated ROS release.
### Instruction: Is insomnia associated with suicide attempt in middle-aged and older adults with depression? ### Response:
Our results suggest that insomnia may be more strongly associated with suicidal behavior than with the presence of suicidal thoughts alone. Accordingly, insomnia is a potential treatment target for reducing suicide risk in middle-aged and older adults.
### Instruction: Do increased homocysteine levels exist in women with preeclampsia from early pregnancy? ### Response:
Our results indicate that higher homocysteine levels exist in women with PE from early pregnancy and continue till delivery.
### Instruction: Is small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth Associated with Intestinal Inflammation in the Irritable Bowel Syndrome? ### Response:
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is present in almost one quarter of patients with irritable bowel syndrome. It is significantly associated with intestinal inflammation.
### Instruction: Is detection of anal dysplasia enhanced by narrow band imaging and acetic acid? ### Response:
Anal SIL in the anal transitional zone and anal canal can be identified by NBIA. Patient selection influences findings. Limitations include small sample size and non-randomization.
### Instruction: Does the renin-angiotensin system promote arrhythmogenic substrates and lethal arrhythmias in mice with non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy? ### Response:
Renin inhibition or genetic deletion of AT1aR suppresses pathological cardiac remodelling that leads to the generation of substrates maintaining VT/VF and reduces the occurrence of sudden death in dnNRSF-Tg mice. These findings demonstrate the significant contribution of RAS activation to the progression of arrhythmogenic substrates.
### Instruction: Do combined Tumor Suppressor Defects Characterize Clinically Defined Aggressive Variant Prostate Cancers? ### Response:
Clinically defined AVPC share molecular features with SCPC and are characterized by combined alterations in RB1, Tp53, and/or PTEN.
### Instruction: Does aggressive Aortic Arch and Carotid Replacement Strategy for Type A Aortic Dissection improve Neurologic Outcomes? ### Response:
An algorithmic approach to TAAD including (1) rapid transport-to-incision-to-cardiopulmonary bypass established centrally, (2) neurocerebral monitoring, (3) liberal use of total arch replacement for clearly defined indications (and hemiarch for all others), and (4) common carotid arterial replacement for concomitant carotid dissections significantly improves outcomes.
### Instruction: Does karyopherin Alpha 2 promote the Inflammatory Response in Rat Pancreatic Acinar Cells Via Facilitating NF-κB Activation? ### Response:
KPNA2-facilitated p65 nuclear translocation promotes NF-κB activation and inflammation in acute pancreatitis.
### Instruction: Does prevalence and correlate of Myocardial Scar in a US Cohort? ### Response:
The prevalence of myocardial scars in a US community-based multiethnic cohort was 7.9%, of which 78% were unrecognized by electrocardiography or clinical evaluation. Further studies are needed to understand the clinical consequences of these undetected scars.
### Instruction: Is radiologic evidence that hypothalamic gliosis associated with obesity and insulin resistance in humans? ### Response:
These findings link hypothalamic gliosis to insulin resistance in humans and suggest that the link is independent of the level of adiposity.
### Instruction: Does sERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism contribute to sepsis risk and mortality? ### Response:
In conclusion, the meta-analysis suggests that there are significant associations between SERPINE1 rs1799768 polymorphism and risk of sepsis and sepsis mortality.
### Instruction: Do the reasons students choose to undertake a nursing degree? ### Response:
Nursing remains a career of choice for young and mature students entering university. It is seen to provide security, interest and opportunity to help and care for others. Universities must focus on this as they develop programmes for a generation where multiple changes of career appear inevitable during their lifetime. The nursing profession needs to look at career pathways after graduation that provide these challenges within nursing itself.
### Instruction: Do treatment of Renal Stones ≥20 mm with Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy? ### Response:
For renal stones with a surface area ≤400 mm2 and a radiodensity equal to or less than that of the 12th rib as determined by a KUB film, ESWL may be considered the first line of treatment, even for stones with a diameter ≥20 mm. For large stones requiring repeat treatments, the surface area of the residual stones after the first ESWL is a predictor of the final treatment result.
### Instruction: Are colonic Diverticula Associated With an Increased Risk of Colorectal Adenomas? ### Response:
Patients with colonic diverticula do not have an increased risk of colorectal adenomas or advanced adenomas.
### Instruction: Does the ALK/ROS1 Inhibitor PF-06463922 overcome Primary Resistance to Crizotinib in ALK-Driven Neuroblastoma? ### Response:
The next-generation ALK/ROS1 inhibitor PF-06463922 exerts unparalleled activity in ALK-driven neuroblastoma models with primary crizotinib resistance. Our biochemical and in vivo data provide the preclinical rationale for fast-tracking the development of this agent in children with relapsed/refractory ALK-mutant neuroblastoma.
### Instruction: Does plasmalogen modulation attenuate atherosclerosis in ApoE- and ApoE/GPx1-deficient mice? ### Response:
Plasmalogen enrichment via batyl alcohol supplementation attenuated atherosclerosis in ApoE- and ApoE/GPx1-deficient mice, with a greater effect in the latter group. Plasmalogen enrichment may represent a viable therapeutic strategy to prevent atherosclerosis and reduce cardiovascular disease risk, particularly under conditions of elevated oxidative stress and inflammation.
### Instruction: Do the synergistic effects of shear stress and cyclic hydrostatic pressure modulate chondrogenic induction of human mesenchymal stem cells? ### Response:
Differentiation of ASCs was shown by a modest increase in gene expression profiles. In general, BSCs expressed higher levels of chondrogenic gene expression than ASCs after 3 weeks. A greater effect on Col II and SOX9 mRNA expression was observed when combined loadings were applied. Results may be applied in determining the proper loading sequence for obtaining functional target cells in cartilage engineering applications.
### Instruction: Does tNF-α suppression and osteoprotegerin overexpression inhibit wear debris-induced inflammation and osteoclastogenesis in vitro? ### Response:
Lenti-siTNFα-OPG can inhibit the wear debris-induced inflammatory responses and osteoclastogenesis in vitro, and may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment or prevention of wear particle-induced osteolysis.
### Instruction: Is a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the serotonin release assay equivalent to the radioactive method? ### Response:
The HPLC-SRA has robust performance characteristics, equivalent to the historic radioactive method, but avoids the complexities of working with radioactivity.
### Instruction: Does cFTR Knockdown induce proinflammatory changes in intestinal epithelial cells? ### Response:
Collectively, these data underscore the role played by CFTR in regulating the intestinal inflammatory responses. Such findings lend support to the theory that CFTR exerts functions that may go beyond its role as a chloride channel whereby its disruption may prevent cells to optimally respond to exogenous or endogenous challenges. These observations are of particular interest to CF patients who were found to display alterations in their intestinal microbiota, thus predisposing them to pathogens that may elicit exaggerated inflammatory responses.
### Instruction: Are sarcopenia and inflammation independent predictors of survival in male patients newly diagnosed with small cell lung cancer? ### Response:
In SCLC, sarcopenic male patients with high NLR have a poor prognosis and do not tolerate standard treatment. Intensive supportive care is needed in these patients.
### Instruction: Does matrix Metalloproteinase-12 induce Blood-Brain Barrier Damage After Focal Cerebral Ischemia? ### Response:
These results demonstrate the adverse role of MMP-12 in acute brain damage that occurs after ischemic stroke and, thereby, suggesting that MMP-12 suppression could be a promising therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia.
### Instruction: Does rotigotine Transdermal Patch Make Parkinson Disease Patients Sleepy During Daytime? ### Response:
Twenty four-hour transdermal delivery of rotigotine at doses up to 8 mg/24 hours does not worsen the daytime sleepiness in PD patients and often improves it when switched from other non-ergot DAs. This is achieved together with satisfactory improvement in motor symptoms, demonstrating that this new modality of non-ergot DA is well tolerated and beneficial in PD patients.
### Instruction: Are plasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide confounded by impaired kidney function and poor metabolic control? ### Response:
Plasma levels of TMAO are confounded by impaired kidney function and poor metabolic control but are not associated with the history, presence or incidence of symptoms or events of coronary heart disease.
### Instruction: Does deep brain stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex cause reorganization of neuronal processes and vasculature? ### Response:
Our work demonstrates that DBS not only works by altering function with neural circuits, but also by structurally altering circuits at the cellular level. Neuroplastic alterations may play a role in mediating the clinical efficacy of DBS therapy.
### Instruction: Does the structure of Resuscitation promoting factor B from M. tuberculosis reveal unexpected ubiquitin-like domains? ### Response:
The crystal structure of RpfB3D provides the first structural characterization of a DUF348 domain and revealed an unexpected structural relationship with ubiquitin. The crystal structure also provides specific structural features of these domains explaining their frequent association with G5 domains.
### Instruction: Do serotoninergic antidepressants positively affect platelet ADAM10 expression in patients with Alzheimer 's disease? ### Response:
More studies on the positive effects of serotonergic antidepressants on ADAM10 platelet expression should be performed in order to understand its biological mechanisms and to verify whether these effects are reflected in the central nervous system. This work represents an important advance for the study of AD biomarkers, as well as for more effective pharmacological treatment of patients with AD and associated depression.
### Instruction: Do male and female runners demonstrate different sagittal plane mechanics as a function of static hamstring flexibility? ### Response:
Hamstring flexibility results in different mechanical profiles in males and females. Flexibility in the hamstrings may result in decreased moments via active or passive tension. These differences may have implications for performance and injury in flexible female runners.
### Instruction: Does miR-27 impair the adipogenic lineage commitment via targeting lysyl oxidase? ### Response:
Taken together, these results suggest a novel role for miR-27 in repressing adipogenic lineage commitment by targeting Lox.
### Instruction: Do normal limits for serum thyrotropin vary greatly depending on method? ### Response:
Different normalization methods alter the normal limits greatly. However, in individuals without thyroid illness, thyroid hormone values are stable over a wide range of TSH levels including beyond the UNL for all methods. Indeed, there may be no true universal upper TSH cut-off level and clinical decision-making cannot rely on these calculated limits.
### Instruction: Is breast reconstruction with the deep inferior epigastric perforator flap a reliable alternative in slim patients? ### Response:
The DIEP flap provides adequate volume for unilateral breast reconstruction in slim patients, both in immediate and delayed settings. However, in delayed reconstructions slim patients need to be informed about the increased risk of donor-site complications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:552-558, 2016.
### Instruction: Does distance to Thrombus in Acute Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion predict Target Mismatch and Ischemic Penumbra? ### Response:
DT correlates inversely with Tmax perfusion deficits and mismatch volumes and acts as an independent predictor of target mismatch.
### Instruction: Do primary and Revision Posterior Lumbar Fusion Have Similar Short-Term Complication Rates? ### Response:
This study suggests that revision posterior lumbar fusion does not carry significantly increased risk of complications or readmission compared with a primary posterior lumbar fusion. Patients undergoing revision surgery were more likely to receive a blood transfusion. This information suggests that general health risk stratification for revision procedures can be similar to that considered for primary cases.
### Instruction: Do chemotherapeutic agents attenuate CXCL12-mediated migration of colon cancer cells by selecting for CXCR4-negative cells and increasing peptidase CD26? ### Response:
Our results indicate that conventional anticancer agents may act to inhibit chemokine-mediated migration through eradication of CXCR4+ cells and attenuation of chemokine gradients through elevation of CD26 activity.
### Instruction: Do ficus religiosa L. bark extracts inhibit human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infection in vitro? ### Response:
The results of the present study demonstrate that F. religiosa L. is endowed with antiviral activity against RSV and HRV in vitro. Further work remains to be done to identify the active components and to assess the therapeutic potential in vivo.
### Instruction: Does recent developments in electronic alert for acute kidney injury? ### Response:
As e-alerts gain popularity, consideration must be given to both the method of AKI detection and the method by which results are communicated to end-users; these aspects influence the degree of these systems' effectiveness. This approach should be coupled to further work to study the effect on patient outcomes of those interventions that have been demonstrated to influence clinician behaviour.
### Instruction: Do high Glucose Concentrations Suppress the Proliferation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells and Their Differentiation Into Osteoblasts? ### Response:
The results of this study demonstrate that hyperglycemia inhibits human PDLSC proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation.
### Instruction: Does ethanolic Ginkgo biloba leaf extract prevent renal fibrosis through Akt/mTOR signaling in diabetic nephropathy? ### Response:
GbE can prevent renal fibrosis in rats with diabetic nephropathy, which is most likely to be associated with its abilities to inhibit the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
### Instruction: Does p15 ( INK4b ) regulate cell cycle signaling in hippocampal astrocytes of aged rats? ### Response:
These observations suggest p15(INK4b) is expressed at a steady level in neonatal and adult rat hippocampal astrocytes with no effect on cell cycle regulation. Importantly, aged astrocyte cell cycle regulation was significantly affected by high expression levels of p15(INK4b) suggesting a role for p15(INK4b) in cell cycle regulation when it is expressed at high but not moderate or low levels in hippocampal astrocytes.
### Instruction: Are ovarian stem cells always accompanied by very small embryonic-like stem cells in adult mammalian ovary? ### Response:
VSELs have remained poorly studied till now because of their very small size and rare occurrence. Spinning cells obtained after enzymatic digestion of ovarian tissue at a speed of 1000G (rather than 1200 rpm) throughout processing allows reliable detection of the VSELs by flow cytometry. VSELs exist in aged, chemoablated and non-functional ovary and providing a healthy niche to support their function offers an interesting strategy to manage infertility.
### Instruction: Does asfotase Alfa Treatment improve Survival for Perinatal and Infantile Hypophosphatasia? ### Response:
Asfotase alfa mineralizes the HPP skeleton, including the ribs, and improves respiratory function and survival in life-threatening perinatal and infantile HPP.
### Instruction: Is a gain-of-function mutation in the cardiac pacemaker HCN4 channel increasing cAMP sensitivity associated with familial Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia? ### Response:
This is the first report of a gain-of-function HCN4 mutation associated with IST through increased sensitivity to cAMP-dependent activation.
### Instruction: Are standardized clinical pathways for esophagectomy a reality in Brazil , even with a high prevalence of esophageal cancer and achalasia? ### Response:
The prevalence of standardized protocols and specialized teams is very low in Sao Paulo state, Brazil. The presence of specialized surgeons is a reality and standardized protocols related directly to surgeons have higher frequency than those related to other professionals in the multidisciplinary team.
### Instruction: Do rabbit nucleus pulposus cells facilitate differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells into nucleus pulposus-like cells? ### Response:
In some condition, ADSCs have the potency to differentiate toward nucleus pulposus-like cells. ADSCs are better seed cells for tissue engineering of artificial nucleus pulposus.
### Instruction: Are c-termini essential and distinct for nucleic acid binding of human NABP1 and NABP2? ### Response:
Biochemical evidence suggests that the C-terminal region of NABP1 and NABP2 is essential for their functionality and may lead to different roles in DNA and RNA metabolism.
### Instruction: Is the localisation of the apical Par/Cdc42 polarity module specifically affected in microvillus inclusion disease? ### Response:
Our findings indicate that the loss of Myo5B induces a strong loss of enterocyte polarity, potentially leading to polarity inversion.