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### Instruction: Do a novel stereolithographic surgical guide template for planning treatment involving a mandibular dental implant? ### Response:
It was demonstrated that the versatility of the technique allows not only precise translation of the treatment plan to the patient's mouth, but also offers many additional significant benefits including use of special guides during surgery which would be difficult to achieve with traditional procedures.
### Instruction: Do neural stem cells improve learning and memory in rats with Alzheimer 's disease? ### Response:
The injection of okadaic acid into rat lateral ventricles constitutes a promising animal model for investigating selective aspects of AD. rAAV2-mediated hNGF delivery can render long-term and stable transduction of hNGF in NSC. NSC-hNGF-eGFP transplantation may offer a viable therapeutic approach for treatment of AD.
### Instruction: Does hypermethylation-modulated downregulation of claudin-7 expression promote the progression of colorectal carcinoma? ### Response:
These findings suggest that the CLDN7 gene silencing by promoter hypermethylation and the resultant reduction of CLDN7 expression may play an important role in the progression of CRCs.
### Instruction: Is restoration of plasma von Willebrand factor deficiency sufficient to correct thrombus formation after gene therapy for severe von Willebrand disease? ### Response:
High ectopic expression of transgene encoded plasma vWF can be obtained after gene transfer to the liver. Liver-expressed vWF was fully multimerized and able to restore proper platelet plug formation in severe vWD. The liver therefore seems an attractive target for gene therapy for severe vWD.
### Instruction: Is triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-associated apolipoprotein C-III production stimulated by plasma free fatty acids in humans? ### Response:
These findings confirm that TRL apoC-III production is stimulated by an acute elevation of plasma FFAs, suggesting a novel regulatory pathway that may play a role in the overproduction of TRL apoC-III in insulin resistant states.
### Instruction: Is cisplatin sensitivity of oral squamous carcinoma cells regulated by Na+ , K+-ATPase activity rather than copper-transporting P-type ATPases , ATP7A and ATP7B? ### Response:
Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity is responsible for regulating intracellular CDDP accumulation in oral squamous carcinoma cells rather than Cu(2+)-ATPase.
### Instruction: Are interleukin-6 and neutrophils associated with long-term survival after acute myocardial infarction? ### Response:
Circulating IL-6 predicts long-term survival after acute MI. Neutrophils appear to have prognostic value as well.
### Instruction: Does the herbicide flamprop-M-methyl have a new antimicrotubule mechanism of action? ### Response:
The results indicate that flamprop-M-methyl is a mitotic disrupter herbicide with a new antimicrotubule mechanism of action that affects orientation of spindle and phragmoblast microtubules, possibly by minus-end microtubule disassembly.
### Instruction: Does the quality of the early motor repertoire in preterm infants predict minor neurologic dysfunction at school age? ### Response:
Assessment of the quality of the early motor repertoire can accurately identify individual infants at high and low risk for MND at school age.
### Instruction: Does the metastasis-associated protein S100A4 exist in several charged variants suggesting the presence of posttranslational modifications? ### Response:
Endogenously expressed S100A4 were shown to exist in several charge variants, which indicates the presence of posttranslational modifications altering the net charge of the protein. The different variants were present in all subcellular compartments and tissues/cell lines examined, suggesting that the described charge variants is a universal phenomenon, and cannot explain the localization of S100A4 in different subcellular compartments. However, the identity of the specific posttranslational modification and its potential contribution to the many reported biological events induced by S100A4, are subject to further studies.
### Instruction: Does a physical map of the heterozygous grapevine 'Cabernet Sauvignon ' allows map candidate genes for disease resistance? ### Response:
Despite some limitations that interfere with the correct assembly of heterozygous clones into contigs, the 'Cabernet Sauvignon' physical map is a useful and reliable intermediary step between a genetic map and the genome sequence. This tool was successfully exploited for a quick mapping of complex families of genes, and it strengthened previous clues of co-localisation of major NBS-LRR clusters and disease resistance loci in grapevine.
### Instruction: Does acute opioid administration improve work-related exercise performance in patients with chronic back pain? ### Response:
This article presents the results of a clinical trial showing that acute opioid administration improves work-related exercise performance in individuals with chronic back pain. Longer trials of the effectiveness of opioid analgesia as an adjunct to functional restoration programs are recommended.
### Instruction: Are fragile histidine triad gene alterations essential for hepatocellular carcinoma development in South Korea? ### Response:
Aberrant FHIT transcripts were more common in HCC tissues as compared to non-cancerous liver tissues. However, Fhit expression was lost or reduced in a minor fraction of HCC tissues, while it was strongly expressed in non-cancerous liver tissues. Therefore, our study suggests that FHIT plays a role in relatively few HCC cases in South Korea.
### Instruction: Is pancreatobiliary versus intestinal histologic type of differentiation an independent prognostic factor in resected periampullary adenocarcinoma? ### Response:
Pancreatobiliary versus intestinal type of differentiation independently predicts poor prognosis after pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary adenocarcinoma. Lymph node involvement, vessel infiltration, and increasing tumour diameter are adverse predictors of survival in tumours with pancreatobiliary differentiation.
### Instruction: Does zinc aspartate alleviate lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion in rats? ### Response:
Our results indicate that zinc aspartate alleviates lung injury induced by II/R attributable to its antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects.
### Instruction: Are lysosome-related genes regulated in the orbital fat of patients with graves ' ophthalmopathy? ### Response:
Lysosome-related genes, such as CLN2, CLN3, and HEXB, may be involved in the pathogenesis of adipose tissue hypertrophy in TED.
### Instruction: Does subthalamic stimulation improve orienting gaze movements in Parkinson 's disease? ### Response:
These results demonstrate that visually triggered saccades and orienting eye-head movements are impaired in the advanced stage of PD. In addition, subthalamic stimulation enhances amplitude and shortens latency of these movements.
### Instruction: Are hyaluronan oligosaccharides potential stimulators to angiogenesis via RHAMM mediated signal pathway in wound healing? ### Response:
Hyaluronan oligosaccharides may play a role in wound healing by increasing angiogenesis. o-HA-RHAMM binding dependent signal transduction pathway may be important in the regulation of angiogenesis associated with EC proliferation.
### Instruction: Does genomic mid-range inhomogeneity correlate with an abundance of RNA secondary structures? ### Response:
We demonstrate that the excess of strong local SS in pre-mRNAs is linked to the little explored phenomenon of genomic mid-range inhomogeneity (MRI). MRI is an interdependence between nucleotide choice and base composition over a distance of 20-1000 nt. Additionally, we have created a public computational resource to support further study of genomic MRI.
### Instruction: Is the number of metastatic lymph nodes a significant risk factor for bone metastasis and poor outcome after surgery for linitis plastica-type gastric carcinoma? ### Response:
Treatment strategy for the linitis plastica should in general combine surgery with aggressive treatment directed toward peritoneal disease. However, patients with >16 metastatic nodes more often are associated with bone metastasis than those with modest nodal involvement and suffer from poor prognosis.
### Instruction: Does laser microdissection allow detection of abnormal gene expression in cystic adenomatoid malformation of the lung? ### Response:
LMD may be used to overcome the limitations of tissue heterogeneity in the study of CCAM. Abnormal growth factor expression may play a role in the etiology of this lesion.
### Instruction: Does splenectomy reduce packed red cell transfusion requirement in children with sickle cell disease? ### Response:
Laparoscopic splenectomy can be successfully completed in sickle cell children. Splenectomy significantly reduces the packed red cell transfusion requirement and frequency of clinic visits, in sickle cell children for at least 12 months postoperatively.
### Instruction: Does perfusion MDCT enable early detection of therapeutic response to antiangiogenic therapy? ### Response:
Perfusion MDCT can detect focal blood flow changes even when the tumor is shrinking, possibly indicating early reversal of tumor responsiveness to antiangiogenic therapy. Given that changes in tumor volume after antiangiogenic therapy do not necessarily correlate with true treatment response, physiologic imaging of tumor perfusion may be necessary.
### Instruction: Does total intravenous anesthesia with propofol augment the potency of mivacurium? ### Response:
After 20 min of TIVA propofol, the potency of mivacurium is approximately 50% greater than after five minutes of TIVA propofol. For clinical purposes, it is important, therefore, to consider the duration of TIVA propofol before determining the dose of neuromuscular blocking drug.
### Instruction: Is standardization of flow cytometric minimal residual disease evaluation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia : Multicentric assessment feasible? ### Response:
MRD-evaluation by FCM in ALL can be standardized for reliable multicentric assessment in large trials.
### Instruction: Is muscular tenderness in the anterior chest wall in patients with stable angina pectoris associated with normal myocardial perfusion? ### Response:
Presence of tenderness in the anterior chest wall is associated with a higher prevalence of normal myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with known or suspected angina pectoris, and this association cannot be explained by a common association to age, sex, or pain.
### Instruction: Do treatment of serpiginous choroiditis with intravitreous fluocinolone acetonide implant? ### Response:
Intravitreous fluocinolone acetonide implant should be recognized as a potential treatment option for serpiginous choroiditis.
### Instruction: Is gray matter atrophy related to long-term disability in multiple sclerosis? ### Response:
In MS patients with a relatively long and homogeneous disease duration, GM atrophy is more marked than WM atrophy, and reflects disease subtype and disability to a greater extent than WM atrophy or lesions.
### Instruction: Do peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and retinoid X receptor agonists synergistically suppress proliferation of immortalized endometrial stromal cells? ### Response:
The up-regulation of PPAR gamma induced by TSA indicates that the action of HDACIs also includes the PPAR gamma signaling pathway, suggesting that the activation of PPAR gamma is a desirable way to contain endometriosis phenotypes. The higher sensitivity of endometriotic cells than their endometrial counterpart to LG100268 treatment suggests that the sensitivity differential could be exploited effectively to eradicate unwanted ectopic endometrial tissues while minimizing the collateral damage to the normal endometrial tissues.
### Instruction: Is peroxiredoxin I differentially expressed in multiple myelomas and in plasmablastic lymphomas? ### Response:
We hypothesize PrdxI as a component of the unfolded protein response (UPR), an adaptive pathway essential for plasma cell differentiation. As we have not detected immunoglobulin in our PBL cases, we suggest that UPR was not activated in the cells, accounting for the impediment of the developmental process, and for the inhibition of PrdxI expression observed. PrdxI could be considered an additional plasma cell functional marker and could also be speculated as a therapeutic target in the treatment of MM.
### Instruction: Is fasting serum ghrelin level associated with metabolic syndrome in peritoneal dialysis patients? ### Response:
These results indicate an inverse association between circulating fasting ghrelin and metabolic syndrome in PD patients. Serum HDL was associated with serum ghrelin among PD patients.
### Instruction: Does comparison of auditory brainstem response result in normal-hearing patients with and without tinnitus? ### Response:
We conclude that, although the averages obtained in several analyzed parameters were within normal limits, the ABR results from the patients with and without tinnitus and normal hearing are different, suggesting that ABR might contribute to the workup of these patients. Our data show that there are changes in the central pathways in the study group. The meaning of these changes must be further investigated.
### Instruction: Do personality and choice of coping predict quality of life in head and neck cancer patients during follow-up? ### Response:
In conclusion, a high T stage, high neuroticism, coping by humor and coping by problem solving directly predicted low QoL whereas neuroticism was also associated with QoL through avoidance coping.
### Instruction: Does fK778 ameliorate post-transplant expression of fibrogenic growth factors and development of chronic rejection changes in rat kidney allografts? ### Response:
These results indicate that FK778 could prevent the development of CAN and be a promising therapy also in clinical kidney transplantation.
### Instruction: Are plasmodium vivax and mixed infections associated with severe malaria in children : a prospective cohort study from Papua New Guinea? ### Response:
P. vivax monoinfections as well as mixed Plasmodium infections are associated with SM. There is no indication that mixed infections protected against SM. Interventions targeted toward P. falciparum only might be insufficient to eliminate the overall malaria burden, and especially severe disease, in areas where P. falciparum and P. vivax coexist.
### Instruction: Does an endocannabinoid signaling system modulate anxiety-like behavior in male Syrian hamsters? ### Response:
Endocannabinoids engage functional CB1 receptors in hamster brain to suppress anxiety-like behavior and undergo enzymatic hydrolysis catalyzed by FAAH. Our results further suggest that neither unconditioned nor conditioned social defeat in the Syrian hamster is dependent upon cannabinoid CB1 receptor activation.
### Instruction: Is the nonsynonymous Thr105Ile polymorphism of the histamine N-methyltransferase associated to the risk of developing essential tremor? ### Response:
These results, combined with previous findings indicating alterations in the frequency for the HNMT Thr105Ile polymorphism in patients with PD, suggest that alterations of histamine homeostasis in the SNC are associated with the risk of movement disorders.
### Instruction: Does corticosteroid therapy increase membrane-tethered while decreases secreted mucin expression in nasal polyps? ### Response:
These results suggest: (i) CS up-regulate membrane (MUC1, MUC4) while down-regulate secreted (MUC5AC, MUC5B) mucins; (ii) there exists a link between secreted mucin expression and goblet cell hyperplasia; and (iii) NP from AIA may develop resistance to CS treatment.
### Instruction: Does activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma suppress mast cell maturation involved in allergic diseases? ### Response:
Our results indicate that PPARgamma is one of master regulators on mast cell maturation and potentially useful for the therapy in various disorders involving mast cell activation.
### Instruction: Do perceptions of outcomes of implant therapy in patients with ectodermal dysplasia syndromes? ### Response:
Affected individuals receiving tooth replacement therapy with dental implants reported satisfaction with the outcome. A higher level of complications, including infection, mechanical problems, and implant loss, relative to the unaffected population was reported.
### Instruction: Do dietary lipids modify redox homeostasis and steroidogenic status in rat testis? ### Response:
Different oils in the diets strongly modified the homeostasis of the testicular antioxidant defense system and, in consequence, affected steroidogenic function, showing a clear correlation with the damage induced. According to our results, an appropriate mixture of olive and soybean oils could be a healthy recommendation.
### Instruction: Do novel cardiovascular risk factors completely explain the higher prevalence of peripheral arterial disease among African Americans . The San Diego Population Study? ### Response:
Traditional and novel CVD risk factors only partially explain the higher prevalence of PAD among African Americans.
### Instruction: Does pichia stipitis xylose reductase help detoxifying lignocellulosic hydrolysate by reducing 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural ( HMF )? ### Response:
We demonstrate for the first time that xylose reductase is also able to reduce the furaldehyde compounds that are present in undetoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysates. Possible implications of this newly characterized activity of Ps-XR on lignocellulosic hydrolysate fermentation are discussed.
### Instruction: Does the pro-apoptotic K-Ras 4A proto-oncoprotein affect tumorigenesis in the ApcMin/+ mouse small intestine? ### Response:
The K-Ras 4A proto-oncoprotein does not exhibit tumour suppressor activity in the small intestine, even though the K-ras 4A/4B ratio is reduced in adenomas lacking K-ras activating mutations.
### Instruction: Does smoking increase the risk of relapse after successful tuberculosis treatment? ### Response:
Our results establish that smoking is associated with relapse of tuberculosis even after adjustment for the socioeconomic variables. Smoking cessation support should be incorporated in the strategies to improve effectiveness of Tuberculosis Control Programs.
### Instruction: Is pharmacogenetic effect of the UGT polymorphisms on mycophenolate modified by calcineurin inhibitors? ### Response:
The effect of UGT1A8 and UGT1A9 variants on MPA metabolism appears to be modified by concomitant calcineurin inhibitor therapy. Confirmatory in vivo and in vitro studies are needed.
### Instruction: Does mild therapeutic hypothermia shorten intensive care unit stay of survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest compared to historical controls? ### Response:
Therapeutic hypothermia was found to significantly shorten ICU stay and time of mechanical ventilation in survivors after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Moreover, profound improvements in both neurological outcome and 1-year survival were observed.
### Instruction: Is mix of methods needed to identify adverse events in general practice : a prospective observational study? ### Response:
A mix of methods is needed to identify adverse events in general practice.
### Instruction: Is myocardial scar detected by contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging associated with ventricular tachycardia in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients? ### Response:
Myocardial scar imaged by CE-CMR is common in patients with HCM, and is predictive of VT. Scar is seen in all HCM variants, and is associated with maximal wall thickness. There may be a role for CE-CMR in improved risk stratification for individual patients with HCM.
### Instruction: Is modulation of intracellular machinery by beta-glycolipids associated with alteration of NKT lipid rafts and amelioration of concanavalin-induced hepatitis? ### Response:
The alteration in the expression levels of flotillin-2, Lck, and STAT1 that occurs concomitantly with changes in lipid raft composition and structure following the administration of beta-glycolipids in ConA-induced hepatitis is microenvironment-dependent and is associated with decreased intrahepatic CD8(+) T lymphocyte trapping and amelioration of immune-mediated hepatitis.
### Instruction: Is heavy snoring a risk factor for case fatality and poor short-term prognosis after a first acute myocardial infarction? ### Response:
Heavy snoring is associated with case fatality and short-term mortality in patients with a first acute myocardial infarction.
### Instruction: Does coronary blood flow become uncoupled from myocardial work during obstructive sleep apnea in the presence of endothelial dysfunction? ### Response:
Under baseline conditions, CBF correlates well with myocardial work following the termination of apnea in lambs. After the creation of coronary artery endothelial dysfunction with LPS, there is uncoupling of the normal CBF-myocardial work relationship.
### Instruction: Are overweight HIV patients with abdominal fat distribution treated with protease inhibitors at high risk for abnormalities in glucose metabolism - a reason for glycemic control? ### Response:
HIV patients on long-term PI therapy with overweight and familial disposition for DM are at high risk to develop abnormalities of glucose metabolism. Thus, measurements of HOMA-Index, BMI and waist circumference should be routinely done especially in PI medicated patients.
### Instruction: Do an update on Uniform Resource Locator ( URL ) decay in MEDLINE abstracts and measures for its mitigation? ### Response:
URL persistence parallels previous studies which showed approximately 81% general availability during the 1-month study period. As peer-reviewed literature remains to be the main source of information in biomedicine, we need to ensure the accuracy and preservation of these links.
### Instruction: Do pain catastrophizing and beliefs predict changes in pain interference and psychological functioning in persons with spinal cord injury? ### Response:
Intervention studies targeting catastrophizing and maladaptive pain-related beliefs may be the next step in determining which variables play a causal role in the pain interference and psychological functioning of individuals with pain and SCI.
### Instruction: Do an update of the general health status in the indigenous populations of Malaysia? ### Response:
Our findings reflect a shifting health burden and an epidemiological transition, particularly in the Temuan and Bidayuh. These changes could be attributed to dietary habits, lifestyles and socio-economic factors brought about by urbanization.
### Instruction: Does circulating survivin indicate severe course of juvenile idiopathic arthritis? ### Response:
Circulating survivin is expressed in a significant group of patients with JIA being associated to a severe course of the disease. It may be potentially used to select children with unfavorable prognosis of JIA who are in need of active pharmacologic treatment.
### Instruction: Do donor postextubation hypotension and age correlate with outcome after donation after cardiac death transplantation? ### Response:
Time between profound instability and cold perfusion is a better predictor of outcome than time from extubation to asystole. If validated, this information could be used to predict DGF after DCD renal transplant and improve outcomes after DCD liver transplant.
### Instruction: Does botulinum toxin type A induce direct analgesic effects in chronic neuropathic pain? ### Response:
These results indicate for the first time that BTX-A may induce direct analgesic effects in patients with chronic neuropathic pain independent of its effects on muscle tone and suggest novel indications for BTX-A in analgesia.
### Instruction: Is paroxysmal atrial fibrillation uncommon in outpatients with chronic heart failure? ### Response:
Outpatients with HF due to systolic dysfunction did not present with PAF during 48 hours Holter, but had several episodes of AR. The clinical and prognostic importance of AR deserves further investigation.
### Instruction: Do occupational therapy service use among people aging with multiple sclerosis? ### Response:
The results raise questions about what constitutes appropriate levels of occupational therapy service use and how to ensure that these levels are achieved.
### Instruction: Do interrater reliability of Sensory Integration and Praxis Tests ( SIPT ) score interpretation? ### Response:
Interrater reliability was moderate to high for interpretation of the presence of sensory integrative dysfunction using SIPT scores. Less agreement was apparent regarding specific patterns of dysfunction. Results suggest that additional clinical information, such as clinical observations and case history, may be needed to make reliable distinctions among dysfunctional patterns.
### Instruction: Does the FVIIa-tissue factor complex induce the expression of MMP7 in LOVO cells in vitro? ### Response:
Taken together, these data provide evidence that expression of MMP7 in colon cancer may be regulated by FVIIa and TF at the transcriptional level. MMP7 may act as a downstream mediator of FVIIa/TF signal transduction to facilitate the development of metastasis in colon cancer.
### Instruction: Is childhood hygiene associated with the risk for inflammatory bowel disease : a population-based study? ### Response:
Surrogate markers of childhood hygiene are associated with the risk for IBD, thus reinforcing the "hygiene hypothesis."
### Instruction: Does absence of auto-antibodies against cardiac troponin I predict improvement of left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction? ### Response:
We demonstrate for the first time that the prevalence of cTnI-Abs in patients with AMI has an impact on the improvement of the LVEF over a study period of 6-9 months.
### Instruction: Do human breast tumor cells express multimodal imaging reporter genes? ### Response:
This study confirmed the usefulness of eGFP-tk in many applications by providing, in vitro and in vivo, the sensitive and reporter gene-specific imaging. ZR75-1-eGFP-tk cells that are ready to incorporate in various imaging platforms constitute a useful model in breast cancer research.
### Instruction: Does the histidine kinase AHK5 integrate endogenous and environmental signals in Arabidopsis guard cells? ### Response:
Our findings identify an integral signalling function for AHK5 that acts to integrate multiple signals via H(2)O(2) homeostasis and is independent of ABA signalling in guard cells.
### Instruction: Do serum gastrin and pepsinogens correlate with the different grades of severity of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease : a matched case-control study? ### Response:
Serum gastrin and pepsinogen I and II do not correlate with the different grades of severity of GERD. The non-invasive GastroPanel is not useful for the differentiation of the various forms of GERD.
### Instruction: Does memory decline evolve independently of disease activity in MS? ### Response:
Our findings indicate that verbal memory steadily declines in patients with MS from the beginning of the disease and independently of other parameters of disease activity.
### Instruction: Is serum CA-125 level after 6 cycles of primary adjuvant chemotherapy a useful prognostic factor for complete responders ' survival in patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer? ### Response:
The serum CA-125 level after 6 cycles of primary adjuvant paclitaxel/carboplatin chemotherapy may be a good prognostic factor for survival in complete responders after 6 cycles of chemotherapy in advanced epithelial ovarian cancer.
### Instruction: Does chemokine receptor CCR7 expression correlate with lymph node metastasis in pancreatic cancer? ### Response:
The survival impact of CCR7 expression on resectable pancreatic cancer may be associated with lymphatic spread. The results from the present study should foster further investigation of treatments using an inhibitor for the CCR7 protein to improve the survival of pancreatic cancer.
### Instruction: Does xIAP-associated factor 1 ( XAF1 ) suppress angiogenesis in mouse endothelial cells? ### Response:
Our data suggest that XAF1 possesses a potential antiangiogenesis effect. Suppressed expression of Tie-1, Ang-1, Ang-2 and c-Myc may be mechanistically responsible for the observed antiangiogenesis effect.
### Instruction: Does age at repair affect the very long-term outcome of sinus venosus defect? ### Response:
SVD repair at an older age is associated with increased risk of late mortality, adverse cardiac events, and worse functional outcome. Repair during childhood is strongly advised.
### Instruction: Is dietary magnesium intake related to metabolic syndrome in older Americans? ### Response:
Our study demonstrates that Mg intake is inversely associated with prevalence of the MS in older adults. Older adults should be encouraged to eat foods rich in Mg, such as green vegetables, legumes and whole-grains.
### Instruction: Does cellular islet autoimmunity associate with clinical outcome of islet cell transplantation? ### Response:
In this cohort study, cellular islet-specific autoimmunity associates with clinical outcome of islet cell transplantation under ATG-tacrolimus-MMF immunosuppression. Tailored immunotherapy targeting cellular islet autoreactivity may be required. Monitoring cellular immune reactivity can be useful to identify factors influencing graft survival and to assess efficacy of immunosuppression.
### Instruction: Does thrombin induce osteoprotegerin synthesis via phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin pathway in human periodontal ligament cells? ### Response:
Thrombin induces OPG synthesis in HPDL cells post-transcriptionally, possibly through PAR-1. The regulation was through the PI3K/Akt and mTOR pathway. This finding suggests that thrombin may play a significant role in alveolar bone repair and homeostasis of periodontal tissue, partly through the OPG/RANKL system.
### Instruction: Does whole genome assessment of the retinal response to diabetes reveal a progressive neurovascular inflammatory response? ### Response:
These changes in permeability, apoptosis, and gene expression provide further evidence of progressive retinal malfunction with increasing duration of diabetes. The specific gene expression changes confirmed in multiple sets of animals indicate that pro-inflammatory, anti-vascular barrier, and neurodegenerative changes occur in tandem with functional increases in apoptosis and vascular permeability. These responses are shared with the clinically documented inflammatory response in diabetic retinopathy suggesting that this model may be used to test anti-inflammatory therapeutics.
### Instruction: Does a luciferase immunoprecipitation systems assay enhance the sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection? ### Response:
LIPS addresses several limitations of current ELISAs and represents a major advance in the diagnosis of S. stercoralis infection.
### Instruction: Do de novo LMNA mutations cause a new form of congenital muscular dystrophy? ### Response:
The LMNA mutations identified appear to correlate with a relatively severe phenotype. Our results further broaden the spectrum of laminopathies and define a new disease entity that we suggest is best classified as a congenital muscular dystrophy (LMNA-related congenital muscular dystrophy, or L-CMD).
### Instruction: Does response to bronchodilators after exercise challenge predict bronchial hyperreactivity? ### Response:
BD should be administered routinely after ECT, as the response may be used as a simple, inexpensive tool to predict BHR in young patients and may substantially reduce the number of unnecessary MCTs.
### Instruction: Is hepatitis B core-related antigen assay useful for monitoring the antiviral effects of nucleoside analogue therapy? ### Response:
The HBcrAg assay is indeed useful for monitoring the antiviral effects of lamivudine, and we propose that it be adopted as a serum marker which reflects the amount of HBV covalently closed circular DNA in hepatocytes.
### Instruction: Is uVA1 phototherapy effective in darker skin : a review of 101 patients of Fitzpatrick skin types I-V? ### Response:
Data indicate skin pigmentation as graded by Fitzpatrick skin type does not significantly influence the efficacy of UVA1 phototherapy. Thus, UVA1 should be considered as a therapeutic option in more darkly pigmented patients.
### Instruction: Is husbands ' SUD associated with higher levels of co-occurring but not non-co-occurring psychiatric disorders among their wives? ### Response:
These findings demonstrate that SUD and co-occurring psychiatric disorders (with SUD) are more common among the spouses of SUD+ husbands than among the spouses of SUD- husbands, but non-co-occurring ("pure") psychiatric disorders are not more common among the spouses of the SUD+ husbands.
### Instruction: Do submucosal uterine leiomyomas have a global effect on molecular determinants of endometrial receptivity? ### Response:
The molecular mechanism by which submucosal myomas adversely affect reproduction includes a global decrease in endometrial HOX gene expression, not simply a focal change over the myoma. This may explain the reproductive dysfunction observed with submucosal myomas.
### Instruction: Is sperm head morphology related to high deoxyribonucleic acid stainability assessed by sperm chromatin structure assay? ### Response:
The observed relationship between sperm head defects and %HDS suggests that sperm head abnormalities may, in part, be due to incomplete sperm chromatin condensation.
### Instruction: Does eUS accurately predict the need for therapeutic ERCP in patients with a low probability of biliary obstruction? ### Response:
Single-center experience.
### Instruction: Is overweight associated with decreased cognitive functioning among school-age children and adolescents? ### Response:
Increased body weight is independently associated with decreased visuospatial organization and general mental ability among children. Future research is needed to determine the nature, persistence, and functional significance of this association.
### Instruction: Is tDP-43 a common cause of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? ### Response:
Our data indicate that genetic variation in TARDBP is not a common cause of sporadic ALS in North American.
### Instruction: Do allogeneic lymphocytes persist and traffic in feral MHC-matched mauritian cynomolgus macaques? ### Response:
MHC-matched MCM provide the first viable primate model for adoptive transfer studies. Because macaques infected with SIV are the best model for HIV/AIDS pathogenesis, we can now directly study the correlates of protective immune responses to AIDS viruses. For example, plasma viral loads following pathogenic SIV challenge are reduced by several orders of magnitude in macaques previously immunized with attenuated SIV. Adoptive transfer of lymphocyte subpopulations from vaccinated donors into SIV-naïve animals may define the immune mechanisms responsible for protection and guide future vaccine development.
### Instruction: Does a pacifier increase the risk of recurrent acute otitis media in children in day care centers? ### Response:
We conclude that the use of a pacifier is a significant risk factor for recurrent AOM and suggest that pacifiers should be used only during the first 10 months of life, when need for sucking is strongest, and AOM is uncommon.
### Instruction: Does elevated serum lactate correlate with intracranial hemorrhage in neonates treated with extracorporeal life support? ### Response:
Lactate is a useful marker for the development of ICH in ECLS patients. In addition, elevated lactates during ECLS identify a subgroup of patients with poor outcome. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether the incorporation of this information into pre-ECLS and ECLS management will decrease the occurrence of ICH and improve survival.
### Instruction: Do signs of defensive control locate conflicted topics in discourse? ### Response:
The findings support the psychodynamic hypothesis that observation of defensive behaviors may locate times of communication about conflicted themes.
### Instruction: Does maternal age influence risk for HLA-B27 associated ankylosing enthesopathy in transgenic mice? ### Response:
Maternal age is a novel, non-genetic risk factor as defined in relation to an MHC associated enthesopathy. Its mode of action and relevance to human disease require further investigation.
### Instruction: Does nonocclusive common carotid artery thrombosis in the rat result in reversible sensorimotor and cognitive behavioral deficits? ### Response:
CCAT produces consistent sensorimotor and cognitive behavioral deficits that recover within 2 weeks of injury. Behavioral outcome was not necessarily associated with overt histopathological damage, suggesting that reversible injury mechanisms, both vascular and neuronal, may be partly responsible for the temporary loss of function. These data strengthen the role of CCAT as a clinically relevant model of thromboembolic stroke.
### Instruction: Is limited range of motion a significant factor in venous ulceration? ### Response:
Limbs with CVI have a limited ankle ROM that decreases with increasing severity of clinical symptoms. This decreased ROM is associated with, and may contribute to, poor calf pump function.
### Instruction: Does [ Good surgery result in older patients with stage 1 lung carcinoma ]? ### Response:
Chronological age has a limited influence on the survival of patients with lung cancer and does not preclude surgical treatment.
### Instruction: Does intrathecal amitriptyline act as an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist in the presence of inflammatory hyperalgesia in rats? ### Response:
Amitriptyline and other tricyclic antidepressants have been demonstrated to exhibit modest activity against clinical neuropathic pain after systemic administration. These data suggest that more profound pain relief might be obtained by intrathecal administration. Amitriptyline reverses hyperalgesia in rats by a mechanism unrelated to monoamine reuptake inhibition, and likely due to NMDA receptor antagonism.
### Instruction: Does one-day hypothermic preservation of isolated hearts with halothane improve cardiac function better than low calcium? ### Response:
Halothane administered during hypothermia restores left ventricular pressure, cardiac efficiency, basal coronary flow, and flow responses better than low CaCl2. Although halothane and low CaCl2 both reduce intracellular Ca2+, contractile force, and metabolic demand, the better protective effect of halothane is not likely simply due to a reduction in contractile function and metabolic rate before or initially after hypothermia because these were reduced much more by low CaCl2 than by halothane.
### Instruction: Do desflurane and isoflurane exert modest beneficial actions on left ventricular diastolic function during myocardial ischemia in dogs? ### Response:
The results indicate that increases in contractility of remote myocardium during brief regional ischemia were preserved in the presence of desflurane and isoflurane anesthesia. In addition, desflurane and isoflurane blunted ischemia-induced increases in tau and regional chamber stiffness in both the ischemic and nonischemic zones. These results demonstrate that the volatile anesthetics may exert important beneficial actions on left ventricular mechanics in the presence of severe abnormalities in systolic and diastolic function during ischemia.
### Instruction: Is serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 related to physical activity and ethnicity but not obesity in a multicultural workforce? ### Response:
People with increased skin pigmentation, such as Polynesians, and people who are inactive, have decreased body levels of vitamin D; this might partly explain their increased risk of cardiovascular disease.