Datasets:
typosonlr
/
PubMedPreProcessed

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
Community
1
question
stringlengths
52
373
long_answer
stringlengths
1
3.34k
### Instruction: Are plasma coenzyme Q10 reference intervals , but not redox status , affected by gender and race in self-reported healthy adults? ### Response:
The fraction of ubiquinol-10/total coenzyme Q(10) is a tightly regulated measure in self-reported healthy adults, and is independent of sex and racial differences. Different reference intervals for certain coenzyme Q(10) measures may need to be established based upon sex and racial characteristics.
### Instruction: Does p16 ( INK4a ) induce differentiation and apoptosis in erythroid lineage cells? ### Response:
We propose that p16(INK4a) plays a role in maintaining homeostasis during erythroid differentiation, and that the mechanisms for this effect are not confined to those inducing cell cycle arrest.
### Instruction: Does endothelin-receptor blockade mitigate the adverse effect of preretrieval warm ischemia on posttransplantation renal function in rats? ### Response:
Chronic administration of a nonselective ET-R antagonist given after the ischemic insult, mitigated the decline in GFR at 2 months. These observations provide an experimental rationale for further investigation of the potential long-term protective effect of nonselective ET-R blockade versus ischemia-reperfusion injury in the clinical setting.
### Instruction: Is effect-site concentration of propofol for recovery of consciousness virtually independent of fentanyl effect-site concentration? ### Response:
The effect-site concentration for propofol at awakening was virtually independent of the fentanyl effect-site concentration over the range of 0.8 to 3.0 ng/mL; however, 0.8 ng/mL of fentanyl was associated with inadequate postoperative analgesia, and 3.0 ng/mL of fentanyl was associated with respiratory toxicity. The optimal postoperative fentanyl effect-site concentration during recovery from propofol general anesthesia for laparotomy thus appears to be near 2 ng/mL.
### Instruction: Do alpha-2 adrenoreceptors probably mediate the immobility produced by inhaled anesthetics? ### Response:
Although stimulation (agonism) of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors can decrease the inhaled anesthetic concentration required to produce immobility in the face of noxious stimulation, blockade of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors minimally affects the concentration. Thus, augmentation of the effect of alpha-2 adrenoreceptors is not an appreciable part of the mechanism whereby inhaled anesthetics produce immobility.
### Instruction: Are resistive-heating and forced-air warming comparably effective? ### Response:
Efficacy was similar for forced-air and resistive heating, and both maintained intraoperative core temperature far better than circulating-water mattresses. We thus conclude that even during major abdominal surgery, resistive heating maintains core temperature as effectively as forced air.
### Instruction: Are advanced glycation end-products pentosidine and N epsilon-carboxymethyllysine elevated in serum of patients with osteoporosis? ### Response:
AGE-modified proteins may be a cause of disturbed bone remodelling in osteoporosis. Our findings do not support the alternative hypothesis that increased AGEs in serum indicate only a more intensive releasing of AGEs in circumstances of increased bone resorption.
### Instruction: Is oxygen dependency of the adrenergic Na/H exchange in rainbow trout erythrocytes diminished by a hydroxyl radical scavenger? ### Response:
The data suggest that hydroxyl radicals are involved in the inhibition of the adrenergically stimulated sodium proton exchange at elevated oxygen tensions.
### Instruction: Does acute administration of conjugated equine oestrogen improve exercise-induced myocardial ischaemia in men with coronary artery disease? ### Response:
Acute parenteral oestrogen therapy did not increase total exercise time or time to the onset of electrocardiographic changes of ischaemia in men with chronic stable coronary artery disease. These findings contrast the favourable effects of oestrogen in women in comparable studies and indicate a sex specificity for the acute cardiovascular effects of oestrogen.
### Instruction: Is an Ile93Met substitution in the UCH-L1 gene a disease-causing mutation for idiopathic Parkinson 's disease? ### Response:
Our study suggested that Ile93Met of UCH-L1 gene did not influence risk of IPD.
### Instruction: Does mutilation anxiety differ among females with fibromyalgia and functional dyspepsia and population controls? ### Response:
Psychological state was differentiated among the three groups. Mutilation anxiety may be a psychological marker of an underlying neurobiological vulnerability for FM or may represent a secondary long-term consequence of chronic illness. In FD, death anxiety is directly related to symptom complaints, suggesting a stronger etiological association between emotions and somatic complaints in this disorder.
### Instruction: Does intramuscular alefacept improve health-related quality of life in patients with chronic plaque psoriasis? ### Response:
The findings of this study are an important addition to the QOL literature for psoriasis treatments.
### Instruction: Does the New York University nerve sparing algorithm decrease the rate of positive surgical margins following radical retropubic prostatectomy? ### Response:
The New York University nerve sparing algorithm prospectively defines when to excise the neurovascular bundle based on Gleason score, perineural invasion and tumor volume in the biopsy specimen. Use of this algorithm decreases positive surgical margin rates, while significantly increasing the preservation of neurovascular bundles.
### Instruction: Is percent of prostate needle biopsy cores with cancer significant independent predictor of prostate specific antigen recurrence following radical prostatectomy : results from SEARCH database? ### Response:
Percent of positive cores in the prostate needle biopsy was a significant predictor of adverse pathology and biochemical failure following radical prostatectomy, and the cut points of less than 34%, 34% to 50% and greater than 50% can be used to risk stratify patients preoperatively. The finding that percent of positive cores from the most involved side of the biopsy was a stronger predictor of PSA failure than the total percent of cores involved suggests that multiple positive biopsies from a single side might be a better predictor of a larger total cancer volume and thus correlate with clinical outcome.
### Instruction: Have the increased utilisation of dopamine agonists and the introduction of COMT inhibitors reduced levodopa consumption -- a nation-wide perspective in Sweden? ### Response:
The consumption of levodopa in Sweden continues to increase in spite of a dramatic increase in the utilisation of dopamine agonists and the introduction of COMT-inhibitors.
### Instruction: Does postoperative enteral stimulation by gut feeding improve outcomes in severe acute pancreatitis? ### Response:
Enteral stimulation by gut feeding is an effective supplement in the postoperative therapy of patients with SAP.
### Instruction: Does high-density lipoprotein stimulate endothelial cell migration and survival through sphingosine 1-phosphate and its receptors? ### Response:
HDL-induced endothelial cell migration and survival may be mediated by the lipoprotein component S1P and the lipid receptors S1P1 and S1P3.
### Instruction: Is von Willebrand factor but not alpha-thrombin binding to platelet glycoprotein Ibalpha influenced by the HPA-2 polymorphism? ### Response:
Whereas the Thr145Met dimorphism does not affect alpha-thrombin binding, it does influence the conformation of the N-terminal flanking region and first leucine-rich repeat of GPIbalpha and by this has an effect on VWF binding.
### Instruction: Do specific phospholipid oxidation products inhibit ligand activation of toll-like receptors 4 and 2? ### Response:
These studies report a novel mechanism that involves alterations to lipid raft/caveolar processing, by which specific phospholipid oxidation products inhibit activation by TLR4 and TLR2 ligands. These studies have broader implications for the role of ox-PAPC as a regulator of specific lipid raft/caveolar function.
### Instruction: Do genetic loci contribute to the progression of vascular and cardiac hypertrophy in salt-sensitive spontaneous hypertension? ### Response:
This study demonstrates a strong correlation between AH and LVH in salt-sensitive hypertension and identifies QTLs contributing to the progression of cardiovascular hypertrophy in this condition.
### Instruction: Does magnetic resonance imaging identify cytoarchitectonic subtypes of the normal human cerebral cortex? ### Response:
Structural characteristics of the cerebral cortex cause changes in its signal intensity. Magnetic resonance imaging (FLAIR sequence) allows discrimination of different cytoarchitectonic areas of the human cerebral cortex.
### Instruction: Is albumin-adjusted calcium suitable for diagnosis of hyper- and hypocalcemia in the critically ill? ### Response:
Albumin-adjusted calcium cannot be used in an intensive care setting to monitor reliably the calcium levels in critically ill patients and should be replaced by measurement of ionized calcium.
### Instruction: Does [ Studies on the chemical constituents of the stem of Alyxia sinensis ( I ) ]? ### Response:
All these compounds are firstly been isolated from A. sinensis. And compound 5-9, 10, 11 are also been separated from Alyxiae genus for the first time.
### Instruction: Is intramuscular penicillin more effective than oral penicillin in secondary prevention of rheumatic fever -- a systematic review? ### Response:
Intramuscular penicillin seemed to be more effective than oral penicillin in preventing RF recurrence and streptococcal throat infections. Two-weekly or 3-weekly injections appeared to be more effective than 4-weekly injections. However, the evidence is based on poor-quality trials and the use of outdated formulations of oral penicillin.
### Instruction: Does a novel form of pontocerebellar hypoplasia map to chromosome 7q11-21? ### Response:
This pedigree represents a novel form of autosomal recessive PCH, which the authors propose to call cerebellar atrophy with progressive microcephaly (CLAM). This disorder maps to chromosome 7q11-21, and this locus was named CLAM. This report represents the first identification of a genetic locus for PCH.
### Instruction: Does [ Diagnostic value and cytomorphologic findings in bone marrow puncture in children with severe deficiency anemia ]? ### Response:
The most frequent found features of bone marrow aspirate were: feriprivic flora with dyshematopoesis. There was only one case of the megaloblastic bone marrow. But, the finding of dymorphic bone marrow indicated to pluricareny of ethiologic factors for beginning severe nutrititive anaemia. Special value of this paper was discovering of two cases of leukemia by the bone marrow aspirate analysis.
### Instruction: Do macrophages in human reproductive tissues contain luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptors? ### Response:
This is the first demonstration of macrophages present in human reproductive tissues containing LH/hCG receptors. The receptor presence suggests that LH and hCG may regulate macrophage functions in gonadal as well as in non-gonadal target tissues.
### Instruction: Are pre-ovulatory granulosa cells of infertile women with endometriosis less sensitive to luteinizing hormone? ### Response:
In women with endometriosis, granulosa cells were less sensitive to LH stimulation. This provides further evidence for primary ovarian dysfunction as a significant contributory cause of the associated subfertility.
### Instruction: Is elevated serum endostatin associated with poor outcome in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma? ### Response:
High pretreatment levels of S-endostatin are associated with high serum VEGF levels and poor survival in patients with NHL. Prospective studies are warranted to establish the clinical value of longitudinal S-endostatin measurements.
### Instruction: Does lazaroid attenuate edema by stabilizing ATPase in the traumatized rat brain? ### Response:
U-83836E given prophylactically after cerebral trauma appears to reduce edema, possibly by inhibiting increases in lipid peroxidation and by stabilizing ATPase. Further studies are recommended to verify the similar effects of the brain penetrating lazaroids when they are given after trauma.
### Instruction: Do [ The intraoperative application of neural response telemetry with the nucleus CI24M cochlear implant ]? ### Response:
The intraoperative measurements of device function and NRT are quite simple, quick and with high accuracy. Inner ear malformation is an important factor that may affect NRT results.
### Instruction: Are major risk factors for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in the young modifiable? ### Response:
Aneurysmal SAH may be largely a preventable disease among the young and middle-aged because several prevalent risk factors can be modified by medication (eg, hypertension) or behavioral change (eg, cigarette smoking, cocaine use). The association of caffeine and nicotine in pharmaceutical products and aneurysmal SAH warrants further study.
### Instruction: Is acute pain underassessed in out-of-hospital emergencies? ### Response:
EMS providers significantly underestimate their patients' pain severity. EMS providers should be more attentive to their patients' complaints and comfort.
### Instruction: Is the surgical error examination a novel method for objective technical knowledge assessment? ### Response:
Construct validity has been established by showing that error analysis is able to distinguish surgeons with varying levels of experience.
### Instruction: Does hypertension increase expression of growth factors and MHC II in chronic allograft nephropathy? ### Response:
We conclude that hypertension augments the expression of growth factors in the allograft possibly aggravating the intimal hyperplasia observed in chronic allograft nephropathy. By increasing the expression of MHC II antigens, hypertension may render the allograft more susceptible to alloantigen-dependent damage. Hypertension and alloantigen-dependent factors appear to exert additive or synergistic effects on inflammatory pathways leading to graft injury.
### Instruction: Does suboptimal restraint affect the pattern of abdominal injuries in children involved in motor vehicle crashes? ### Response:
Among restrained children with intraabdominal injuries, those who were suboptimally restrained were 4 times more likely to have a hollow visceral than a solid visceral injury when compared with those who were optimally restrained. This suggests that the mechanism of injury for hollow viscus may be directly related to the improper positioning of the restraint.
### Instruction: Does nitric oxide open second window of protection in ischemic preconditioning via induction of heat-shock protein 72? ### Response:
These findings suggest that NO may be involved in the induction of HSP72 and the opening of the second window of protection of IP.
### Instruction: Does oscillatory shear stress increase smooth muscle cell proliferation and Akt phosphorylation? ### Response:
SMC directly respond to oscillatory SS by increasing DNA synthesis, proliferation, and activation of the PI3K-Akt signal transduction pathway. These results suggest a mechanism of SMC survival and proliferation in response to endothelial-denuding arterial injury.
### Instruction: Does unsteadiness reported by older hospitalized patients predict functional decline? ### Response:
A simple question about steadiness identified patients at increased risk for in-hospital ADL decline and, in patients who lost ADL function immediately before admission, failure to recover.
### Instruction: Does targeting of mitogen-activated protein kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase inhibit hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor-induced angiogenesis? ### Response:
These data indicate that MEK and PI3K inhibitors represent a promising approach to the clinical management of pathological conditions characterized by overt HGF/SF-induced angiogenesis.
### Instruction: Are nutrient intake and iron status of urban poor and rural poor without access to rice fields affected by the emerging economic crisis : the case of pregnant Indonesian women? ### Response:
Urban poor and rural poor landless women were most directly affected by the emerging economic crisis.
### Instruction: Does the bifunctional rat pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor/monitor peptide provide protection against premature activation of pancreatic juice? ### Response:
Our experiments support a dual function of PSTI-I: monitoring protein in the gut due to its 'moderate' affinity for trypsin and a protective role in the pancreas.
### Instruction: Does topical medication interfere with face-down positioning after macular hole surgery? ### Response:
The present study indicates that frequent postoperative administration of eye drops reduces the success rate of macular hole surgery. To prevent patients from looking upwards during the instillation of topical antibiotics and steroids, the use of ointments is recommended.
### Instruction: Is the corticotrophin-releasing hormone test the most reliable noninvasive method to differentiate pituitary from ectopic ACTH secretion in Cushing 's syndrome? ### Response:
The present data suggest that the CRH is likely to be the most reliable noninvasive diagnostic procedure for the differential diagnosis of the ACTH-dependent Cushing's syndrome. The criterion for a diagnosis of EAS is an ACTH percentage increment lower than 50%. The use of a combination of tests is not recommended because it does not add valuable information and may even impair the outcome of the CRH test. Cases with discordant results in pituitary imaging and CRH test should undergo BIPSS. The validity of this approach, which is straightforward and easily applicable in clinical practice, should be verified in larger series.
### Instruction: Does intraspinal adenosine induce spinal cord norepinephrine release in spinal nerve-ligated rats but not in normal or sham controls? ### Response:
This is the first study to provide direct evidence that adenosine is able to release norepinephrine in spinal cord dorsal horns in living animals. However, this effect was only seen in animals after spinal nerve ligation. These data are consistent with behavioral studies demonstrating that adenosine's antinociceptive effects in rats after spinal nerve ligation is totally dependent on intact spinal noradrenergic terminals and can be blocked by spinal alpha 2-adrenergic receptor antagonists.
### Instruction: Are postoperative morphine use and hyperalgesia reduced by preoperative but not intraoperative epidural analgesia : implications for preemptive analgesia and the prevention of central sensitization? ### Response:
Preincisional administration of epidural lidocaine and fentanyl was associated with a significantly lower rate of morphine use, lower cumulative morphine consumption, and reduced hyperalgesia compared with a sham epidural condition. These results highlight the importance of including a standard treatment control group to avoid the problems of interpretation that arise when two-group studies of preemptive analgesia (preincisional vs. postsurgery) fail to find the anticipated effects.
### Instruction: Does intrathecal morphine reduce the visceromotor response to acute uterine cervical distension in an estrogen-independent manner? ### Response:
These data suggest that intrathecal morphine is effective in reducing the visceromotor response to UCD and that the reduction in efficacy of systemic morphine in this model is unlikely to reflect a reduction of the efficacy of morphine at the spinal level. These data agree with clinical studies that indicate that systemic morphine, in doses that reduce acute postoperative pain, have minimal to no effect in women in labor, yet intrathecal injection of opioids provides rapid, complete analgesia.
### Instruction: Is electro-anatomic mapping of the right atrium : anatomic abnormality an important substrate? ### Response:
The right atrial volume is larger; both the length and width of cavotricuspid isthmus are greater. Unipolar and bipolar voltages in the right atrium are higher in AF than in AVNRT, suggesting that the enlarged right atrium, increased length and width of cavotricuspid isthmus, and concomitant atrial hypertrophy are important substrates for initiation and perpetuation of typical AF.
### Instruction: Do adolescent girls ' personal experience with Baby Think It Over infant simulator? ### Response:
The new perspectives gained by the participants about parenting a newborn infant differed markedly from the romantic fantasies they held prior to the experience. The teens started thinking more seriously about the consequences of sexual activity. Used for 1 to 2 weeks, in conjunction with budgeting exercises and provocative small-group discussions, the BTIO shows promise as an effective tool in helping to modify unrealistic and idealized teen views of adolescent pregnancy and parenting.
### Instruction: Do [ Clinical application of the multichannel auditory brainstem implant ]? ### Response:
The multichannel ABI could effectively restore auditory sensations in patients deafened by bilateral acoustic neuromas. The accurate location of the cochlear nucleus complex during surgery was the key factor for the success of the operation.
### Instruction: Does foam during reconstitution affect the potency of botulinum toxin type A? ### Response:
Botox maintains its potency even in the presence of foaming during the reconstitution process.
### Instruction: Do deep resting glabellar rhytides respond to BTX-A and Hylan B? ### Response:
Moderate to severe glabellar rhytides were treated better by BTX-A combined with Hylan B injection than by BTX-A alone.
### Instruction: Does corneal thickness result in the Menicon Z 30-day continuous wear and ACUVUE 7-day extended-wear contact lens clinical trial? ### Response:
Patients wearing high-Dk RGP contact lenses for continuous wear may have thinner corneas (within the normal thickness range) probably because of minimal hypoxia-induced corneal stromal swelling; RGP-induced reversible corneal epithelial compression; deceased epithelial sloughing; or long-term contact lens-induced keratocyte apoptosis. Patients wearing hydrogel contact lenses for extended wear may have thicker corneas because of hypoxia-induced corneal stromal swelling. Additional evidence of corneal hypoxic stress is seen in the higher prevalence of striae and epithelial microcysts in the hydrogel group and greater variability of corneal thickness measurements in the soft contact lens group in our results.
### Instruction: Does exercise training counteract the abnormal release of plasma endothelin-1 in normal subjects at risk for hypertension? ### Response:
Routine aerobic exercise appeared to counteract the handgrip-induced abnormal release of plasma ET-1 and may favorably affect the preclinical endothelial alterations seen in healthy offspring of hypertensive parents.
### Instruction: Are patients with chronic heart failure encountered in daily clinical practice different from the `` typical '' patient enrolled in therapeutic trials? ### Response:
Our data suggest that most clinical trials on congestive heart failure, on which the guidelines for clinical practice are based, have generally included patients who are not representative of the whole spectrum of patients actually managed in clinical practice.
### Instruction: Is topotecan an active agent in the first-line treatment of metastatic or recurrent endometrial carcinoma : Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3E93? ### Response:
Topotecan is an active agent for the treatment of advanced endometrial carcinoma. At the doses and schedules initially used, toxicities were unacceptable; however, at the modified doses, toxicities were acceptable and clinical activity was preserved.
### Instruction: Is rabeprazole superior to omeprazole for the inhibition of peptone meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion in Helicobacter pylori-negative subjects? ### Response:
Rabeprazole, 20 mg, demonstrated superior control of peptone meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion compared with omeprazole, 20 mg, after the first dose and after the eighth daily dose. Rabeprazole achieved a more rapid onset of acid inhibition and a greater steady-state reduction in peptone meal-stimulated gastric acid secretion.
### Instruction: Is circulating adrenomedullin increased in relation with increased creatinine and atrial natriuretic peptide in liver-transplant recipients? ### Response:
Liver-transplant patients exhibit a sustained increase in circulating ADM. Such an increase likely results from renal impairment associated with volume regulation abnormalities, suggesting a potential role for ADM in volume regulation after liver transplantation.
### Instruction: Does a family history of smoking predict heightened levels of stress-induced cigarette craving? ### Response:
The higher levels of stress-induced cigarette craving demonstrated experimentally for individuals with family histories of smoking suggest one mechanism for their poorer cessation success.
### Instruction: Are early changes in left ventricular volume and function predictors for long-term remodeling in patients with acute transmural myocardial infarction and preserved systolic function? ### Response:
Twelve percent of patients with Q-wave infarction and ejection fraction > or = 0.40 experienced significant LV dilatation at 2 years, and this late remodeling was partly related to baseline filling characteristics.
### Instruction: Do drainage of deep pelvic abscesses using therapeutic echo endoscopy? ### Response:
EUS-guided drainage of deep pelvic abscesses could offer an alternative treatment to surgery in the management of these postoperative complications.
### Instruction: Does functional response of bladder strips from streptozotocin diabetic rats depend on bladder mass? ### Response:
Our results suggest that the responsiveness of diabetic rat bladder to electrical field stimulation and adrenergic agonists is related to bladder mass, analogous to observations after partial outlet obstruction. Decreased function was particularly apparent in dorsal strips from diabetic rats with a large bladder.
### Instruction: Does cyclic AMP activate B-Raf and ERK in cyst epithelial cells from autosomal-dominant polycystic kidneys? ### Response:
cAMP activates ERK and increases proliferation of ADPKD epithelial cells, but not cells from normal human kidney cortex, through the sequential phosphorylation of PKA, B-Raf and MAPK in a pathway separate from, but complementary to, the classical receptor tyrosine kinase cascade. Consequently, cAMP and EGF have great potential to accelerate the progressive enlargement of renal cysts.
### Instruction: Does accelerometry of adductor pollicis muscle predict recovery of respiratory function from neuromuscular blockade? ### Response:
Impaired inspiratory flow and upper airway obstruction frequently occur during minimal neuromuscular blockade (TOF ratio 0.8), and extubation may put the patient at risk. Although a TOF ratio of unity predicts a high probability of adequate recovery from neuromuscular blockade, respiratory function can still be impaired.
### Instruction: Does propofol increase phosphorylation of troponin I and myosin light chain 2 via protein kinase C activation in cardiomyocytes? ### Response:
These results suggest that propofol increases myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity via a PKC-dependent pathway involving the phosphorylation of MLC2.
### Instruction: Does vitamin C protect against lysophosphatidylcholine-induced expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells? ### Response:
Our findings imply that pretreatment with vitamin C can suppress lysoPC-induced expression and secretion of MCP-1 in cultured HUVECs. Therefore, vitamin C is protective against lysoPC-mediated inflammatory insults to the vascular endothelium in vitro.
### Instruction: Do [ Localization of upper airway stricture in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome by CT scan ]? ### Response:
Most patients with OSAS had anatomic upper airway strictures, the CT scan can localize the stricture site very well.
### Instruction: Do short bursts of weak pulses break postictal inhibition in the neocortex of Wistar rats? ### Response:
It is apparent that weak stimulation can trigger epileptic phenomena during PI. Our results indicate that it is no longer possible to perceive PI only as persisting extreme and active inhibition. An appropriate stimulation can reveal more subtle (but important) excitatory events contributing to the functional status during the postictal period.
### Instruction: Is neuronal cell death in a rat model for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy induced by the initial status epilepticus and not by later repeated spontaneous seizures? ### Response:
Cell death in this rat model is related to the initial SE rather than to the frequency of spontaneous seizures. These results emphasize that it is of crucial importance to stop the SE as soon as possible to prevent extended cell loss and further progression of the disease. They also suggest that neuroprotectants can be useful during the first week after SE, but will not be very useful in the chronic epileptic phase.
### Instruction: Is insulin resistance related to left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with polycystic kidney disease type 1? ### Response:
Insulin resistance is associated with LVMI in patients with PKD1 independently of other factors known to increase LVMI.
### Instruction: Do [ Values of soluble thrombomodulin and von Willebrand factor judging reject reaction in liver transplantation ]? ### Response:
Plasma STM and vWF can be taken as laboratory items for monitoring liver transplantation rejection. Plasma STM can act as not only an early prognosticating marker, but also suitable to distinguish acute from chronic reject reaction, and as a marker for monitoring impacting therapy effect and judging prognosis.
### Instruction: Does two-hour insulin determination improve the ability of abdominal fat measurement to identify risk for the metabolic syndrome? ### Response:
While BMI was unable to differentiate between obese people and those at higher risk for MS, abdominal fat was shown to be associated with its metabolic abnormalities. The usefulness of abdominal fat in the identification of high-risk subjects may be improved when combined with 2-h insulin determination.
### Instruction: Is a simple meal plan emphasizing healthy food choices as effective as an exchange-based meal plan for urban African Americans with type 2 diabetes? ### Response:
Medical nutrition therapy is effective in urban African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Either a meal plan emphasizing guidelines for healthy food choices or a low literacy exchange method is equally effective as a meal planning approach. Because the HFC meal plan may be easier to teach and easier for patients to understand, it may be preferable for low-literacy patient populations.
### Instruction: Is anaemia in the first but not in the second or third trimester a risk factor for low birth weight? ### Response:
Maternal anaemia detected in the first trimester is associated with low birth weight.
### Instruction: Does methylprednisolone inhibit low-flow hypoxia-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in isolated perfused rat liver? ### Response:
Methylprednisolone does not protect the liver from hypoxia-induced injury by suppressing hydrogen peroxide production. Instead, the beneficial effect of methylprednisolone seems to be related to its ability to protect against mitochondrial membrane depolarization under hypoxic conditions.
### Instruction: Is reduction in alkaline sphingomyelinase in colorectal tumorigenesis related to the APC gene mutation? ### Response:
Alkaline sphingomyelinase is not directly linked to adenomatous polyposis coli gene mutations.
### Instruction: Are angiogenesis and dendritic cell density correlated with metachronous distant metastasis in curatively operated rectal cancer? ### Response:
Angiogenesis and dendritic cell density are not prognostic factors for metachronous distant metastasis in rectal cancer and therefore cannot serve as selection parameters for adjuvant therapy.
### Instruction: Is neutrophil survival on biomaterials determined by surface topography? ### Response:
Neutrophil adhesion to roughened materials triggers rapid production of reactive oxygen species and precipitates a nonapoptotic cell death. Understanding the material properties that trigger these responses is essential to development of the next generation of implantable biomaterials.
### Instruction: Are dermatologist detection and skin self-examination associated with thinner melanomas : results from a survey of the Italian Multidisciplinary Group on Melanoma? ### Response:
Future melanoma early diagnosis strategies should adequately stress the role of skin self-examination among the adult population, and should recommend that dermatologists perform a total skin examination to identify suspect lesions (such an examination should also be performed during consultations for other reasons).
### Instruction: Does recombinant prostate specific antigen inhibit angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo? ### Response:
Purified recombinant PSA inhibits angiogenesis, proving the concept that PSA is an anti-angiogenic, and serine protease activity, as determined by synthetic substrate hydrolysis, is distinct from the anti-angiogenic properties of PSA.
### Instruction: Do pyrethroid insecticides influence the signal transduction in T helper lymphocytes from atopic and nonatopic subjects? ### Response:
It can be suggested that pyrethroids inhibit signal transduction in human lymphocytes ex vivo, and do not act via lymphocyte-influencing histamine release.
### Instruction: Is [ No switch region found in the regulatory sequence of HPV 16 for promoter P97 ]? ### Response:
It suggests that there is no such switch region within HPV 16 transcriptional regulatory region.
### Instruction: Does [ Establishment of a method for classification of HBV genome and it 's application ]? ### Response:
The established method for genotyping is simple and convenient. Using this method, we also classified HBV DNA of the patients with chronic hepatitis B and liver cirrhosis living in Guangzhou, and found that mixed genotypes B and C was in 50.0% of the patients detected, suggesting the mixed infection might lead to a severe damage of the liver tissue.
### Instruction: Is left ventricular dysfunction associated with CD4 lymphocyte count rather than opportunistic infection in human immunodeficiency virus infection? ### Response:
Both LV systolic and diastolic function deteriorate as the CD4 lymphocyte count decreases in HIV infection. Opportunistic infection seems to have a limited role in the pathogenesis of LV dysfunction in advanced HIV infection.
### Instruction: Do cryo-thawed embryos obtained from conception cycles have double the implantation and pregnancy potential of those from unsuccessful cycles? ### Response:
After thawing, cryopreserved embryos originating from conception IVF/ICSI cycles achieve double the implantation and pregnancy rates of those obtained from unsuccessful cycles.
### Instruction: Do psychological distress and pain significantly increase before death in metastatic breast cancer patients? ### Response:
Results suggest that specialized end-stage clinical interventions are particularly needed for cancer patients as they approach death. Moreover, intervention studies for patients with deteriorating illnesses may need to take this "spike" in psychological distress and pain proximal to death into account to avoid Type II errors in evaluations of psychological outcomes.
### Instruction: Are men with colorectal cancer predisposed to prostate cancer? ### Response:
Younger men diagnosed with colorectal cancer are at increased risk of prostate cancer. However, there is no direct evidence that screening for prostate cancer leads to a reduction in mortality. This should be considered when discussing long-term follow up.
### Instruction: Is peroxynitrite-induced oxidation of plasma lipids enhanced in stable hemodialysis patients? ### Response:
Although basal plasma F2-isoprostanes were similar in patients with ESRD compared with controls, the presence of oxidative stress in patients with ESRD was unmasked when the plasma was stressed by peroxynitrite generated from SIN-1, and this was enhanced further by hemodialysis.
### Instruction: Does hypertension superimposed on type II diabetes in Goto Kakizaki rats induce progressive nephropathy? ### Response:
Our data demonstrate that long-standing type II diabetes alone is not sufficient to induce progressive nephropathy unless secondary injurious mechanisms such as hypertension are present. The hypertensive GK rat provides a novel model to investigate the mechanisms involved in diabetic nephropathy.
### Instruction: Does cell senescence in rat kidneys in vivo increase with growth and age despite lack of telomere shortening? ### Response:
We conclude that cell senescence occurs in both growth and aging in rat kidney and may contribute to the age-related pathology. These changes are not due to telomere shortening, but may reflect cumulative environmental stress.
### Instruction: Is hypocitraturia one of the major risk factors for nephrocalcinosis in very low birth weight ( VLBW ) infants? ### Response:
Hypocitraturia is a major risk factor for NC in VLBW infants, especially in those <1000 g. The urinary excretions in VLBW infants seem to depend on birth weight, age, and clinical condition. Hence, supplementation with alkali citrate may have a beneficial effect in the prevention of NC.
### Instruction: Is very low-density lipoprotein-apoprotein CI increased in diabetic nephropathy : comparison with apoprotein CIII? ### Response:
An increase of VLDL apo CIII is a prominent feature of dyslipidemia in CRF patients, regardless of whether they are diabetic or nondiabetic, whereas an increase of VLDL apo CI is more specific to diabetic nephropathy and is closely associated with an increase of VLDL particle numbers, a new risk factor for CHD.
### Instruction: Is contralateral groin exploration justified in infants with a unilateral inguinal hernia? ### Response:
The low incidence and benign nature of contralateral hernia development in infants undergoing a unilateral inguinal herniotomy does not justify routine contralateral groin exploration.
### Instruction: Does anti-CD25 monoclonal antibody therapy affect the death signals of graft-infiltrating cells after clinical heart transplantation? ### Response:
Our data suggest that immunosuppressive agents that affect the IL-2 pathway hinder the mechanism of activation-induced cell death by which the immune system eliminates alloreactive cells.
### Instruction: Does starch in plasterboard sustain Streptomyces californicus growth and bioactivity of spores? ### Response:
Streptomyces californicus grew under nutrient limitation on all studied plasterboards. The starch is the major factor enabling S. californicus to grow and to produce biologically active metabolites on plasterboard.
### Instruction: Does [ High-dose glucose induce human retinal endothelial cell apoptosis ]? ### Response:
High-dose glucose induces apoptosis in HRCEC, which may contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy.
### Instruction: Does optimization of low pre-operative hemoglobin reduce transfusion requirement in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate? ### Response:
Operative time, weight of resected prostate tissue are inter related and are only partly controllable. Low pre-operative hemoglobin is the only reversible factor in reducing transfusion following TURP.
### Instruction: Does heparin-coated balloon-expandable stent reduce intimal hyperplasia in the iliac artery in baboons? ### Response:
The data demonstrate that heparin-coated balloon-expandable stents reduce intimal hyperplasia after iliac artery stent placement. This approach may represent a useful strategy for prolonging luminal patency after iliac stent placement.
### Instruction: Are influence of race in heart failure and cardiac transplantation : mortality differences eliminated by specialized , comprehensive care? ### Response:
Delivery of care to heart failure patients in a comprehensive, specialized program results in similar survival regardless of race despite higher utilization of inpatient and outpatient resources. The finding that, after cardiac transplantation, African Americans do not have higher mortality rates, despite having higher rates of rejection overall and more hospitalizations, further supports the hypothesis that optimal care can improve outcomes despite unfavorable baseline clinical characteristics.
### Instruction: Does lipid emulsion infusion rescue dogs from bupivacaine-induced cardiac toxicity? ### Response:
We found that infusing a lipid emulsion during resuscitation from bupivacaine-induced cardiac toxicity substantially improved hemodynamics, pmO2, and pHm and increased survival in dogs.