Datasets:
typosonlr
/
PubMedPreProcessed

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
Community
1
question
stringlengths
52
373
long_answer
stringlengths
1
3.34k
### Instruction: Are functional polymorphisms of UCP2 and UCP3 associated with a reduced prevalence of diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes? ### Response:
Our data indicate that both the G-866A polymorphism in the UCP2 gene and the C-55T polymorphism in the UCP3 gene are associated with a reduced risk of diabetic neuropathy in type 1 diabetes. Thus, the results presented here support the hypothesis that higher expression of uncoupling protein might prevent mitochondria-mediated neuronal injury and, ultimately, diabetic neuropathy.
### Instruction: Are higher levels of HDL cholesterol associated with a decreased likelihood of albuminuria in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes? ### Response:
Higher HDL cholesterol levels may be protective against the development of albuminuria in patients with type 1 diabetes. Whether this is due to the HDL cholesterol levels or whether they serve as a marker for some other mechanism remains to be determined.
### Instruction: Does quercetin inhibit LPS-induced delay in spontaneous apoptosis and activation of neutrophils? ### Response:
As one of the pro-inflammatory factors, LPS aggravates inflammation through priming neutrophils to synthesize/release cytotoxic contents and prolonging functional lifespan of neutrophils by delaying the spontaneous apoptosis. Thus, our data suggest to us that quercetin might decrease the susceptibility of neutrophils to pro-inflammatory factors (e. g. LPS), which could partially explain the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of quercetin.
### Instruction: Do detection rate of ultrasound vs CT scan in clinical staging accuracy of renal tumors pT1NxMx? ### Response:
Ultrasound is the first step in the staging of renal cancer before surgery; to assess. 2.5 and 7 in diameter CT scan is the gold standard for solid and cystic lesions.
### Instruction: Are serum CRP levels equally elevated in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance and related to adiponectin levels and insulin sensitivity? ### Response:
Elevated serum hs-CRP may play a role in the development of insulin resistance syndrome and type 2 diabetes. This elevation is accompanied by the opposite changes of adiponectin.
### Instruction: Does adaptation to pregnancy lead to attenuated rat uterine artery smooth muscle sensitivity to oxytocin? ### Response:
OT and VP contract UA via their own receptors, although partial cross-activation is evident. Adaptation to pregnancy led to attenuated sensitivity of UA smooth muscle to OT and transformed OT receptors into VP-like ones.
### Instruction: Does addition of cladribine to induction/consolidation regimen impair peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and bone marrow harvest for autotransplantation in acute myeloid leukemia patients? ### Response:
Addition of cladribine to a standard DA induction does not impair the harvesting of hematopoietic cells and their engraftment after autotransplantation.
### Instruction: Does an antibiotic order form intervention improve or reduce vancomycin use? ### Response:
Inappropriate vancomycin use and vancomycin use overall increased after the introduction of an AOF. An AOF intervention did not have its intended effect of improving and reducing vancomycin use.
### Instruction: Does twenty-four-hour thallium-201 late redistribution imaging enhance the detection of myocardial viability after myocardial infarction? ### Response:
Twenty-four-hour late 201Tl imaging, with satisfactory image quality, enhances the detection of myocardial viability after myocardial infarction.
### Instruction: Does continuing education need assessment of acute care and long-term-care nurses in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center? ### Response:
Conducting a needs assessment can provide valuable information that will improve the delivery of high quality, relevant continuing education and improve staff satisfaction.
### Instruction: Does [ Recipient lymphopenia state enhance the expansion and anti-leukemia effect of leukemia specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes ]? ### Response:
Transfusion of leukemia specific CTLs under lymphopenia state could be a feasible strategy to expand leukemia specific CTLs and generate favorable anti-leukemia effect in vivo.
### Instruction: Is a novel GJA8 mutation associated with autosomal dominant lamellar pulverulent cataract : further evidence for gap junction dysfunction in human cataract? ### Response:
The pulverulent cataract described in this family is associated with a novel GJA8 mutation and has a different clinical phenotype from previously described GJA8 mutants. The cataract likely results from lack of gap junction function. The lack of function was associated with improper targeting to the plasma membrane, most probably due to protein misfolding.
### Instruction: Does increased susceptibility to ventilator-associated lung injury persist after clinical recovery from experimental endotoxemia? ### Response:
In this animal model, a 24-h delay after a single systemic injection of endotoxin resulted in clinical recovery and preserved pulmonary function but did not prevent increased susceptibility to ventilator-associated lung injury provoked by high VT. Residual pulmonary inflammation and neutrophilic infiltration at initiation of mechanical ventilation probably contribute to these findings.
### Instruction: Does murine androgen-independent neuroendocrine carcinoma promote metastasis of human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP? ### Response:
The NE-10 allograft promotes pulmonary metastasis of subcutaneously inoculated LNCaP cells by facilitating cell invasion. Secretions from NE cells upregulate the expression of gelsolin, which is an actin-binding protein, resulting in acceleration of the migration of LNCaP cells.
### Instruction: Are prostatic fluid concentrations of isoflavonoids in soy consumers sufficient to inhibit growth of benign and malignant prostatic epithelial cells in vitro? ### Response:
The profound differences in sensitivities of prostatic epithelial cells to these compounds along with their synergistic effects suggest that multiple metabolites in vivo may be optimal for preventing prostate cancer.
### Instruction: Does the human host defense peptide LL37/hCAP accelerate angiogenesis in PEGT/PBT biopolymers? ### Response:
This study demonstrated that LL37 has antimicrobial activity and is important for early support of neoangiogenesis in biopolymers. The multifunctional human host defense peptide LL37 has potential as an adjunct for tissue engineering.
### Instruction: Is extranodal metastasis an indicator of poor prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma? ### Response:
EM is an independent prognostic factor and should therefore be included in the tumour node metastasis (TNM) staging system.
### Instruction: Does omalizumab pretreatment decrease acute reactions after rush immunotherapy for ragweed-induced seasonal allergic rhinitis? ### Response:
Omalizumab pretreatment enhances the safety of RIT for ragweed allergic rhinitis. Furthermore, combined therapy with omalizumab and allergen immunotherapy may be an effective strategy to permit more rapid and higher doses of allergen immunotherapy to be given more safely and with greater efficacy to patients with allergic diseases.
### Instruction: Does the CC chemokine eotaxin/CCL11 have a selective profibrogenic effect on human lung fibroblasts? ### Response:
These data demonstrate that eotaxin/CCL11 has a direct and selective profibrogenic effect on lung and bronchial fibroblasts, providing a novel mechanism whereby eotaxin/CCL11 can participate in airway remodeling in asthma.
### Instruction: Is parental tobacco smoking associated with augmented IL-13 secretion in children with allergic asthma? ### Response:
These results indicate that ETS augments the expression and secretion of IL-13 in allergic asthma and that nasopharyngeal aspiration is a suitable method to assess cytokine measurements in airways in children. Measurements of IL-13 in secretions might be taken into account as a noninvasive marker of airway inflammation and to assess the detrimental effects of ETS.
### Instruction: Are erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation the most frequently self-reported sexual concerns : profiles of 9,536 men calling a helpline? ### Response:
The study demonstrates that ED and PE are men's major sexual concerns with personal and interpersonal factors influencing their help-seeking behaviour. Help-lines can serve as a link between health services and callers, while provide useful information for policy formation and improvement of support services.
### Instruction: Does the magnitude of early castration-induced primary tumour regression in prostate cancer predict clinical outcome? ### Response:
Castration therapy causes primary tumour regression in most patients with advanced prostate cancer, but these primary tumour effects are not predictive for systemic disease control. Studies of early changes in metastases during hormonal therapy will probably give more predictive information for clinical outcome than further studies in primary tumours.
### Instruction: Does unplanned splenectomy during oesophagectomy affect survival? ### Response:
Although inadvertent splenectomy increased the morbidity of oesophagectomy, it did not impair survival. Type of operation and advanced N stage are important risks for splenectomy. Though best avoided, most of the consequences of splenectomy can be managed. An unexpected relationship between splenectomy and anastomotic leaks needs further investigation.
### Instruction: Does transvaginal ultrasound after first-trimester uterine evacuation reduce the incidence of retained products of conception? ### Response:
Transvaginal sonography immediately following first-trimester uterine evacuation may reduce the incidence of RPOC and the total complication rate. When the endometrial thickness is > or = 8 mm at the end of suction curettage, an attempt at re-evacuation of the uterine cavity is indicated.
### Instruction: Does repeated administration of adenovector in the eye result in efficient gene delivery? ### Response:
These studies suggest that transgene expression after repeated adenovector administration into the eye is feasible and repeated injections, whether given IVT or PO, do not lead to an immediate increase in neutralizing anti-Ad antibody titers. Moreover, preimmunization of mice by systemic exposure to adenovector, does not block transgene expression in the eye. These studies indicate that repeat administration of adenovectors (IVT and PO) into the eye can be considered in designing future clinical trials and that the pre-existence of neutralizing anti-Ad antibodies probably does not mitigate activity.
### Instruction: Does matrix metalloproteinase-9 amplify the immune response to Pseudomonas aeruginosa corneal infection? ### Response:
MMP-9 regulates immune function in cornea by proteolysis, potentiating P. aeruginosa keratitis by degrading collagen IV and upregulating chemotactic cytokines/chemokines IL-1beta and MIP-2.
### Instruction: Is among inflammation and coagulation markers , PAI-1 a true component of the metabolic syndrome? ### Response:
Evidence for being a true component of the metabolic syndrome is strong for PAI-1, less for leukocyte count and weak for vWF and fibrinogen.
### Instruction: Does local granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor improve incisional wound healing in adriamycin-treated rats? ### Response:
The local injection of GM-CSF improved impaired wound healing in adriamycin-treated rats.
### Instruction: Is platelet activity a biomarker of cardiac necrosis and predictive of untoward clinical outcomes in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing primary coronary stenting? ### Response:
Platelet activation was significantly increased in patients with ST-se AMI. Initial CD62p expression was independently associated with extent of myocardial damage and 30-day MACO.
### Instruction: Does anther cap retention prevent self-pollination by elaterid beetles in the South African orchid Eulophia foliosa? ### Response:
Flowers of E. foliosa are specialized for pollination by elaterid beetles. Retention of anther caps for a period exceeding average visit times by beetles to inflorescences appears to prevent facilitated self-pollination in E. foliosa effectively.
### Instruction: Does transforming growth factor beta 1 induce neointima formation through plasminogen activator inhibitor-1-dependent pathways? ### Response:
PAI-1 is both a critical mediator of TGF-beta1-induced intimal growth and a key negative regulator of TGF-beta1 expression in the artery wall.
### Instruction: Does a new experimental approach for studying bacterial genomic island evolution identify island genes with bacterial host-specific expression patterns? ### Response:
The "clone-and-transfer" approach of evolutionary study identifies genes whose expression patterns indicate the existence of genera-specific regulatory mechanisms that influence the expression of horizontally-transferred DNA sections. The results provide key information that can be used to facilitate the identification of these regulatory mechanisms.
### Instruction: Does interleukin-6 modulate production of T lymphocyte-derived cytokines in antigen-induced arthritis and drives inflammation-induced osteoclastogenesis? ### Response:
AIA is driven by CD4+ T lymphocytes. IL-6 is an important mediator of bone destruction in AIA because it regulates T lymphocyte production of key osteoclastogenic cytokines and inflammation-induced bone marrow osteoclast differentiation. These findings have implications for reducing bone and joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis.
### Instruction: Are [ Withdrawal symptoms of ethanol ameliorated by thymopentin in mice ]? ### Response:
TP5 could decrease the uptake of ethanol and ameliorate anxious behavior associated with ethanol withdrawal in mice.
### Instruction: Is impaired glucose tolerance of pregnancy a heterogeneous metabolic disorder as defined by the glycemic response to the oral glucose tolerance test? ### Response:
The metabolic implications of IGT in pregnancy vary in relation to the timing of the abnormal glucose value from the diagnostic OGTT. The metabolic phenotype associated with 1-h IGT resembles that of GDM, whereas the phenotype associated with 2-h/3-h IGT exhibits similarity to that of NGT.
### Instruction: Do antioxidant supplements prevent oxidation of cysteine/cystine redox in patients with age-related macular degeneration? ### Response:
The AREDS antioxidant supplements reduced oxidation of E(h) Cys but had no effect on GSH. Because Cys is important for cell growth, apoptosis, and immune function, the beneficial effect of antioxidant supplementation on progression to advanced AMD may be partially explained by its effect on E(h) Cys and/or its effect on Cys availability.
### Instruction: Is work disability in rheumatoid arthritis predicted by physical and psychological health status : a 7-year study from the Oslo RA register? ### Response:
Physical disability, increased helplessness, low formal education, and female gender were found to be independent risk factors for new work disability over the 7-year study period.
### Instruction: Does n-acetylcysteine attenuate kidney injury in rats subjected to renal ischaemia-reperfusion? ### Response:
N-acetylcysteine improves kidney function, and reduces renal interstitial inflammation, in rats subjected to renal IR. These effects were associated with increased renal glutathione levels, and decreased plasma ascorbyl concentrations, suggesting that NAC attenuates renal and systemic oxidative stress in this model.
### Instruction: Does laparoscopic splenectomy reduce the need for platelet transfusion in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura? ### Response:
Laparoscopic splenectomy is a safe procedure also in patients at high risk for bleeding diathesis. In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, laparoscopic splenectomy should be the gold-standard surgical treatment. Need of platelet transfusion is probably reduced when laparoscopic splenectomy is compared with open surgery in these patients.
### Instruction: Does pacemaker stress echocardiography predict cardiac events in patients with permanent pacemaker? ### Response:
Myocardial ischemia during pacemaker stress echocardiography is an independent predictor of cardiac death and all-cause mortality in patients with a permanent pacemaker.
### Instruction: Does tGF-beta1 increase proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells by phosphorylation of map kinases? ### Response:
Our data indicate that ASMCs proliferate in response to TGF-beta1, which is mediated by phosphorylation of p38 and ERK1/2. These findings suggest that TGF-beta1 which is expressed in airways of asthmatics may contribute to irreversible airway remodeling by enhancing ASMC proliferation.
### Instruction: Does aCE-inhibitor treatment attenuate atrial structural remodeling in patients with lone chronic atrial fibrillation? ### Response:
In patients undergoing ACE-I treatment: atrial structural remodeling was attenuated and the loss of atrial microcapillaries was prevented.
### Instruction: Do disease-associated mutations in CNGB3 produce gain of function alterations in cone cyclic nucleotide-gated channels? ### Response:
We have examined the gating effects of two previously uncharacterized disease-associated mutations in the CNGB3 subunit and found that in each case, the mutations resulted in a gain of function molecular phenotype. Furthermore, the magnitude of the effect on channel function correlated with the severity of the associated disease. The complete achromatopsia-associated F525N mutation resulted in more pronounced alterations in channel function than the mutation combinations linked to macular degeneration or progressive cone dystrophy.
### Instruction: Does superoxide dismutase expression attenuate cigarette smoke- or elastase-generated emphysema in mice? ### Response:
These findings indicate that strategies aimed at enhancing or supplementing lung antioxidants could be effective for the prevention and treatment of this disease.
### Instruction: Does intracoronary photodynamic therapy reduce neointimal growth without suppressing re-endothelialisation in a porcine model? ### Response:
Intracoronary PhotoPoint PDT with MV0611 reduces intimal proliferation without suppressing re-endothelialisation in a porcine model of restenosis.
### Instruction: Does dorzolamide and timolol save retinal ganglion cells in glaucomatous adult rats? ### Response:
Topical application of a dorzolamide-timolol combination or dorzolamide saved RGCs to a significant extent and reduced IOP in glaucomatous rat eyes.
### Instruction: Is promoter hypermethylation of the p16 gene and loss of its protein expression correlated with tumor progression in extrahepatic bile duct carcinomas? ### Response:
Promoter hypermethylation is an important mechanism in the inactivation of the p16 gene in EBD carcinogenesis. Furthermore, the loss of p16 expression, with or without p16 gene promoter hypermethylation, is closely related to the tumor progression in EBD carcinomas.
### Instruction: Do differential effects of risk factors on infant wheeze and atopic dermatitis emphasize a different etiology? ### Response:
The majority of risk factors had differential effects on infant wheeze and AD indicative of a different etiology. Infant wheezing does not seem to be etiologically linked to the epidemic of atopic disease, and infant wheezing should not be used as an indicator of the atopic phenotype.
### Instruction: Does cyclooxygenase-2 induction after oral surgery entirely account for analgesia after selective blockade of cyclooxygenase 2 in the preoperative period? ### Response:
This study indicates that preoperative administration of a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor ensures effective control of postoperative pain. It is suggested that the selective blockade of inducible cyclooxygenase 2 at the surgical site does not entirely account for the analgesic action occurring in the postoperative period.
### Instruction: Does vitamin C inactivate the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 in human cancer cells? ### Response:
Vitamin C directly binds to PS-431, thus inactivating PS-341 independent of its antioxidant activity. Our findings suggest that vitamin C may have a negative effect on PS-341-mediated anticancer activity.
### Instruction: Does neutrophil elastase inhibitor ameliorate reperfusion injury in a canine model of lung transplantation? ### Response:
Neutrophil elastase inhibitor ONO-5046 Na may be useful in ameliorating lung reperfusion injury after transplantation.
### Instruction: Does prefrontal and temporal gray matter density decrease in opiate dependence? ### Response:
This study reports that opiate-dependent subjects have gray matter density decreases in prefrontal and temporal cortex, which may be associated with behavioral and neuropsychological dysfunction in opiate-dependent subjects.
### Instruction: Is polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene ( C677T MTHFR ) a confounding factor of the relationship between serum uric acid level and the prevalence of hypertension in Japanese men? ### Response:
The mutation of C677T MTHFR was not independently associated with the prevalence of hypertension or BP levels although serum UA was. Furthermore, the relationship between serum UA and BP was not modulated by the MTHFR mutation in Japanese men.
### Instruction: Are prolonged QRS duration and severity of mitral regurgitation unfavorable prognostic markers of heart failure in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy? ### Response:
In NIDCM patients, prolonged QRS duration is a high risk factor for remodeling and unfavorable events. The severity of mitral regurgitation was also a strong risk predictor.
### Instruction: Is posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder common in parents of children with epilepsy? ### Response:
These findings suggest that a significant proportion of parents of children with epilepsy experience PTSD and MDD. Increased awareness of the clinical presentations of these disorders may help clinicians to develop preventive and intervention strategies for parents of children with epilepsy.
### Instruction: Are coronary flow reserve and coronary microvascular functions strongly related to serum uric acid concentrations in healthy adults? ### Response:
Lower serum uric acid concentrations might be regarded as indicative of coronary microvascular and conductance vessel functionality.
### Instruction: Is whole-grain intake inversely associated with the metabolic syndrome and mortality in older adults? ### Response:
Whole-grain intake is a modifiable dietary risk factor, and older and young adults should be encouraged to increase their daily intake to > or = 3 servings/d.
### Instruction: Do plasma cell-free DNA as an indicator of severity of injury in burn patients? ### Response:
Plasma DNA is increased after burn injury and is significantly correlated with some outcome measures, including the length of hospital stay. DNA levels are higher in flame/flash patients than in scald patients; the difference may provide an objective indication of burn depth and inhalation injury.
### Instruction: Do plasma D-dimer levels show correlation with number of lymph node metastases in patients with esophageal cancer? ### Response:
Plasma DD levels are useful for assessing lymph node metastasis in patients with esophageal cancer and should be measured preoperatively.
### Instruction: Does folic acid supplementation reduce the development of some blood cell abnormalities in children receiving carbamazepine? ### Response:
Folic acid is a safe drug that can reduce the development of some blood cell abnormalities linked to carbamazepine. It has a favorable effect on preventing the leukopenia and drop in hemoglobin observed in patients receiving carbamazepine, but its exact effect and the optimal dose required to enhance its benefits require further investigation.
### Instruction: Is eosinophilia in the upper gastrointestinal tract a characteristic feature in cow 's milk sensitive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease . Measurement by two methodologies? ### Response:
CMH was found not only in infants but also in school age children with GERD. Histology did not identify the cow's milk sensitive GERD subgroup. The computerised histological method provides a more complete evaluation based upon total biopsy area, and helped to limit the bias of uneven biopsy size.
### Instruction: Is coronary flow reserve preserved in white-coat hypertension? ### Response:
CFR is preserved in patients with WCH.
### Instruction: Is first-trimester maternal serum level of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A an independent predictor of fetal maxillary bone length? ### Response:
Both CRL and maternal levels of PAPP-A are independent predictors of the fetal MAX measured during the first trimester. The positive correlation between PAPP-A levels and fetal MAX is consistent with the known biological function of PAPP-A on bone growth. This association must be adjusted for when both PAPP-A and MAX are combined for screening of Down syndrome.
### Instruction: Does minimal extrathyroid extension affect the relapse-free survival of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma measuring 4 cm or less over the age of 45 years? ### Response:
These findings suggest that tumors with minimal extension should be classified to have the same T grade as those without such extension, and upstaging of such tumors is therefore not appropriate.
### Instruction: Does 17Beta-estradiol suppress TLR3-induced cytokine and chemokine production in endometrial epithelial cells? ### Response:
The data presented in this study are the first indication that E2 can markedly alter the innate immune response to dsRNA, providing a previously unreported process by which E2 can alter immune responses.
### Instruction: Does steroid therapy improve endothelial function in patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis? ### Response:
Endothelial function is significantly impaired in individuals with active biopsy-proven GCA. The results highlight the importance of steroid therapy to improve endothelial function after suppression of the inflammation of GCA.
### Instruction: Are plasma LDL and HDL characteristics and carotenoid content positively influenced by egg consumption in an elderly population? ### Response:
These findings suggest that the increases in LDL-C and HDL-C due to increased egg consumption in hyper-responders are not related to an increased number of LDL or HDL particles but, to an increase in the less atherogenic lipoprotein subfractions. Also, increases in plasma carotenoids after EGG may provide a valuable dietary source for this population.
### Instruction: Is generalized joint hypermobility more common in chronic fatigue syndrome than in healthy control subjects? ### Response:
These data indicate that a subgroup of patients with CFS present with generalized joint hypermobility and most patients with of CFS fulfill the diagnostic criteria for BJHS. There appears to be no association between musculoskeletal pain and joint hypermobility in patients with CFS.
### Instruction: Does spinal manipulation reduce pain and hyperalgesia after lumbar intervertebral foramen inflammation in the rat? ### Response:
These studies show that ASMT can significantly reduce the severity and shorten the duration of pain and hyperalgesia caused by lumbar IVF inflammation. This effect may result from ASMT-induced faster elimination of the inflammation and recovery of excitability of the inflamed DRG neurons by improving blood and nutrition supplement to the DRG within the affected IVF. Manipulation of a specific spinal segment may play an important role in optimizing recovery from lesions involving IVF inflammation.
### Instruction: Does chiropractic manipulation affect the difference between arterial systolic blood pressures on the left and right in normotensive subjects? ### Response:
Chiropractic treatment appears to have an effect on the difference in systolic blood pressure between the arms, which is not shown in the control group or the diastolic treatment group values. This may be attributable to a difference between the 2 groups' preintervention systolic values; however, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups after intervention.
### Instruction: Is interleukin-12 essential for silicosis in mice? ### Response:
The axis of IL-12 driving IFN-gamma production is not essential for the full manifestations of silicosis in mice exposed to a crystobalite silica aerosol.
### Instruction: Do serum anti-p53 antibodies occur in patients with heart failure due to idiopathic dilated and ischemic cardiomyopathies? ### Response:
Anti-p53 antibodies do not occur in patients with heart failure due to IDC and ICM, possible explanations are discussed in the text.
### Instruction: Is a vector-based , 5-electrode , 12-lead monitoring ECG ( EASI ) equivalent to conventional 12-lead ECG for diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes? ### Response:
EASI is equivalent to cECG for the diagnosis of myocardial ischemia.
### Instruction: Do cardioprotective-mimetics reduce myocardial infarct size in animals resistant to ischemic preconditioning? ### Response:
IPC resistance occurs in this canine model of ischemia-reperfusion injury. However, in spite of IPC resistance, hearts can still be pharmacologically protected by direct application of the K(ATP) channel opener bimakalim or the NHE inhibitor EMD 85131.
### Instruction: Does carvedilol exert more potent antiadrenergic effect than metoprolol in heart failure? ### Response:
Carvedilol exerts a more potent antiadrenergic effect than metoprolol during stress in patients with mild to moderate heart failure. Carvedilol appears to be more efficacious than metoprolol in patients who exhibit higher baseline brain natriuretic peptide concentrations. These differences should be kept in mind when selecting appropriate pharmacologic agents in the treatment of heart failure.
### Instruction: Are long-term air pollution exposure and living close to busy roads associated with COPD in women? ### Response:
Chronic exposure to PM10, NO2 and living near a major road might increase the risk of developing COPD and can have a detrimental effect on lung function.
### Instruction: Does pAR-2 activating peptide-induced stimulation of pregnant rat myometrium contractile activity partly involve the other membrane receptors? ### Response:
P<0.05.
### Instruction: Do radiological findings support lateral residual tumour as a major cause of local recurrence of rectal cancer? ### Response:
Lateral pelvic lymph node metastases are not a major cause of local recurrence after TME. Partial mesorectal excision may be associated with an increased risk of local recurrence from tumours in the upper rectum.
### Instruction: Do biphasic chromatin structure and FISH signals in reflect intranuclear order? ### Response:
A small number of cells (up to about 5%), more frequent in leukemia cases, showed the twin features: (1) nuclei with biphasic chromatin, one part decondensed and the other condensed; and (2) homologous FISH signals distributed equitably in those two regions. The biphasic chromatin structure with equitable distribution of the homologous FISH signals may correspond to the two sets of chromosomes, supporting observations on ploidywise intranuclear order. The decondensed chromatin may relate to enhanced transcriptions or advanced replications.
### Instruction: Do gold-induced reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) mediate suppression of monocytic mitochondrial or secretory function? ### Response:
Our results do not indicate that ROS and redox effects play major roles in mediating the cytotoxicity of AF, GSTM or Au(III).
### Instruction: Does plasmapheresis reverse all side-effects of a cisplatin overdose -- a case report and treatment recommendation? ### Response:
To date, no general accepted guidelines for the treatment of cisplatin overdoses are available. Along with the experience from other published cases, our report shows that plasmapheresis is capable of lowering cisplatin plasma and serum levels efficiently. Therefore, plasma exchange performed as soon as possible can ameliorate all side effects of a cisplatin overdose and be a potential tool for clinicians for treatment. However, additional intensive supportive treatment-modalities are necessary to control all occurring side effects.
### Instruction: Does high-resolution intravital NADH fluorescence microscopy allow measurements of tissue bioenergetics in rat ileal mucosa? ### Response:
With this system, intravital NADH fluorescence microscopy provides the high resolution necessary to reliably monitor tissue bioenergetics in the rat ileal mucosa.
### Instruction: Are tissue bioenergetics and microvascular perfusion impaired in rat ileal mucosa in normotensive sepsis? ### Response:
Sepsis is associated with bioenergetic impairment and capillary hypoperfusion at the villus tip and a decrease in red cell flux in the central arteriole.
### Instruction: Are postprandial adiponectin levels unlikely to contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity in Prader-Willi syndrome? ### Response:
Fasting adiponectin levels are low in PWS, but they are so mildly modulated postprandially that these changes do not seem significant for the pathogenesis of obesity in this syndrome.
### Instruction: Is age an important determinant of the growth hormone response to sprint exercise in non-obese young men? ### Response:
In non-obese young men, age is a more important predictor of GH following sprint exercise than BMI, sprint performance or the metabolic response to sprint exercise.
### Instruction: Is heart-type fatty acid binding protein a novel prognostic marker in patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy? ### Response:
The concentration of serum H-FABP before discharge from hospital may be an independent predictor for critical cardiac events in DCM.
### Instruction: Does transfusion increase the risk of postoperative infection after cardiovascular surgery? ### Response:
Blood products tended to be used in the sickest patients. But after accounting for this, risk of infection increased incrementally with each unit of blood transfused. Although cause and effect cannot be established, results suggested that blood product transfusion is an independent risk factor for postoperative infection in cardiac surgical patients, blood products are more likely to be used in the sickest patients, and no amount of blood loss treated by transfusion is innocuous.
### Instruction: Does metformin inhibit proinflammatory responses and nuclear factor-kappaB in human vascular wall cells? ### Response:
These data suggest that metformin can exert a direct vascular anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting NF-kappaB through blockade of the PI3K-Akt pathway. The novel anti-inflammatory actions of metformin may explain in part the apparent clinical reduction by metformin of cardiovascular events not fully attributable to its hypoglycemic action.
### Instruction: Do physical activity and restlessness correlate with leptin levels in patients with adolescent anorexia nervosa? ### Response:
This is the first study linking hypoleptinemia in AN patients to subjective and objective measures of higher physical activity and motor and inner restlessness. Leptin may directly or indirectly (or both) influence behaviors and cognitions contributing to hyperactivity and motor restlessness.
### Instruction: Is decreased plasma CXCL16/SR-PSOX concentration associated with coronary artery disease? ### Response:
The finding that lower plasma CXCL16 concentration is associated with CAD might indicate a potential atheroprotective function of CXCL16.
### Instruction: Does method of presenting oncology treatment outcomes influence patient treatment decision-making in metastatic colorectal cancer? ### Response:
This study demonstrated that different methods of describing oncology treatment outcomes associated with therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer to the liver can have a dramatic effect on patient treatment decisions.
### Instruction: Does hepatic arterial buffer response fail to restore hepatic oxygenation after temporary liver dearterialization in canines? ### Response:
Temporary hepatic artery occlusion induced a progressive decrease in portal vein blood flow during ischemia, an effect that continued during the reperfusion period. The hepatic artery blood flow was promptly restored after declamping. However, HABR was not able to restore hepatic oxygen delivery to baseline levels during the reperfusion period.
### Instruction: Does transfection of CD40Ig into liver prevent acute rejection in rat liver transplantation? ### Response:
CD40Ig transfection inhibited T-cell costimulatory pathway, prevented acute rejection, and prolonged graft survival.
### Instruction: Do diabetes treatments have differential effects on nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors? ### Response:
We conclude that excellent glycemic control per se does not impact nontraditional risk factors for CVD equally, but various diabetes medications have different effects on these risk factors. These findings may have implications for making appropriate therapeutic choices for patients with Type 2 diabetes, although larger studies with more appropriate treatment comparisons may be necessary.
### Instruction: Does [ Private umbilical cord blood banking reduce the number of samples for scientific stem cell research ]? ### Response:
Under the assumption of active and successful recruitment of scientific UCB samples, private blood banking does not significantly reduce this rate and therefore is a negligible rival in the competition for sufficient numbers of UCB samples for research.
### Instruction: Does motor cortical excitability remain unaffected of short-term hyperglycemia in Type 1 diabetic patients? ### Response:
The excitability of motor cortex and central motor nerve conduction in Type 1 diabetic patients are unaffected by short-term moderate hyperglycemia as compared with normoglycemia.
### Instruction: Are meal and snack patterns associated with dietary intake of energy and nutrients in US adults? ### Response:
Findings from this cross-sectional survey suggest that meal and snack patterns may be markers for nutrient intakes and therefore diet quality. Complete nutrient intakes should be considered in investigations of meal patterns and health outcomes.
### Instruction: Is nutrition knowledge associated with greater weight loss in obese and overweight low-income mothers? ### Response:
Weight-management programs should include a strong component of nutrition education to alleviate knowledge inequalities and promote more effective weight control. In low-income mothers, greater initial knowledge may be more predictive of weight loss than gains in knowledge during an intervention.
### Instruction: Is sustained phosphorylation of Bid a marker for resistance to Fas-induced apoptosis during chronic liver diseases? ### Response:
We propose a model in which the phosphorylation status of Bid determines the apoptotic threshold of hepatocytes in vivo. Furthermore, resistance to apoptosis in chronic cholestasis may contribute to the long-term risk of cancer in this setting.
### Instruction: Is promoter variation in the DC-SIGN-encoding gene CD209 associated with tuberculosis? ### Response:
Our observations suggest that the two -871G and -336A variants confer protection against tuberculosis. In addition, the geographic distribution of these two alleles, together with their phylogenetic status, suggest that they may have increased in frequency in non-African populations as a result of host genetic adaptation to a longer history of exposure to tuberculosis. Further characterization of the biological consequences of DC-SIGN variation in tuberculosis will be crucial to better appreciate the role of this lectin in interactions between the host immune system and the tubercle bacillus as well as other pathogens.