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### Instruction: Do patients with perianal Crohn 's disease have poor disease outcomes after primary bowel resection? ### Response:
Patients with Crohn's disease and perianal lesions had a higher risk of reoperation. Considering these findings, physicians should consider aggressive and early top down therapy for patients with perianal Crohn's disease.
### Instruction: Is effector function of CTLs increased by irradiated colorectal tumor cells that modulate OX-40L and 4-1BBL and is reversed following dual blockade? ### Response:
Overall, results of this study suggest that, beyond simply rendering tumor cells more sensitive to immune attack, radiation can be used to specifically modulate expression of genes that directly stimulate effector T cell activity.
### Instruction: Are responses in Rat Core Auditory Cortex Preserved during Sleep Spindle Oscillations? ### Response:
Responses in core auditory cortex are well preserved regardless of sleep spindles recorded in that area, suggesting that thalamocortical sensory relay remains functional during sleep spindles, and that sensory disconnection in sleep is mediated by other mechanisms.
### Instruction: Are the Benefits of Targeted Memory Reactivation for Consolidation in Sleep Contingent on Memory Accuracy and Direct Cue-Memory Associations? ### Response:
TMR provides the greatest benefit to memories recalled with a low degree of accuracy prior to sleep. The memory benefits of TMR may also be contingent on direct cue-memory associations.
### Instruction: Does intratumoral heterogeneity of ( 18 ) F-FDG uptake predict survival in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma? ### Response:
Intratumoral heterogeneity of (18)F-FDG uptake measured by PET texture analysis is an independent predictor of survival along with tumour stage and serum CA19-9 level in patients with PDAC. In addition, first-order entropy as a measure of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity is a better quantitative imaging biomarker of prognosis than conventional PET parameters.
### Instruction: Does anodal Cerebellar Direct Current Stimulation reduce Facilitation of Propriospinal Neurons in Healthy Humans? ### Response:
The results of this study indicate dissociated indirect control over cervical PNs by the cerebellum in humans. Anodal DCS of the cerebellum reduced excitability in the facilitatory descending pathway with no effect on the inhibitory pathway to cervical PNs. The reduction in PN excitability is likely secondary to modulation of primary motor cortex or brainstem nuclei, and identifies a neuroanatomical pathway for the cerebellum to assist in coordination of upper limb muscle synergies in humans.
### Instruction: Is intracortical Inhibition Assessed with Paired-Pulse Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Modulated during Shortening and Lengthening Contractions in Young and Old Adults? ### Response:
Shortening and lengthening contractions with a constant load are associated with a modulation of GABAergic inhibition that is altered by healthy ageing.
### Instruction: Does the use of pilocarpine eye drop for estimating the time since death? ### Response:
The present study showed that pilocarpine eye drops can be used to estimate the time since death.
### Instruction: Do patterns of analgesic adherence predict health care utilization among outpatients with cancer pain? ### Response:
Inconsistent adherence to prescribed ATC analgesics, specifically the interaction of strong opioids and inconsistent adherence, is a strong risk factor for hospitalization among cancer outpatients with pain.
### Instruction: Is reduction of CRKL expression in patients with partial DiGeorge syndrome associated with impairment of T-cell functions? ### Response:
The impaired T-cell proliferation and reduction of CRKL, phosphorylated CRKL, and c-Fos levels suggest a possible role of CRKL in functional deficiencies of T cells in patients with pDGS.
### Instruction: Does next-generation sequencing reveal somatic mutations that confer exceptional response to everolimus? ### Response:
Regardless of different cancer types, mTOR-pathway-activating mutations confer sensitivity to everolimus. Targeted sequencing of mTOR pathway genes facilitates identification of potential candidates for mTOR inhibitors.
### Instruction: Is zinc finger protein A20 involved in the antipsoriatic effect of calcipotriol? ### Response:
Calcipotriol exhibits its antipsoriatic function through suppressing A20 expression and stabilizing negative regulators of the NF-κB pathway.
### Instruction: Do globally distributed Xyleborus species reveal recurrent intercontinental dispersal in a landscape of ancient worldwide distributions? ### Response:
Our results indicate that current human-aided transoceanic dispersal has strongly affected the genetic makeup of three of the species in this study. However, current biogeographical patterns of all four species are equally, if not more strongly, influenced by ancient establishment on different continents.
### Instruction: Are cerebrospinal fluid chitinase-3-like 2 and chitotriosidase potential prognostic biomarkers in early multiple sclerosis? ### Response:
CHI3L2 and chitotriosidase are promising biomarkers in patients with a first demyelinating episode. Our findings thus support a role for these proteins as biomarkers in early MS.
### Instruction: Does artesunate protect Against the Organ Injury and Dysfunction Induced by Severe Hemorrhage and Resuscitation? ### Response:
Artesunate attenuated the organ injury/dysfunction associated with HS by a mechanism that involves the activation of the Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase survival pathway, and the inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β and nuclear factor kappa B. A phase II clinical trial evaluating the effects of good manufacturing practice-artesunate in patients with trauma and severe hemorrhage is planned.This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 License, where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.
### Instruction: Do iGF-Binding Proteins in Type-1 Diabetes Are More Severely Altered in the Presence of Complications? ### Response:
We found that elevated serum levels of IGFBP-1, -2, and -6 were associated with T1D, and its complications and IGFBP-3 level was found to be decreased in T1D with complications. Given the known role of these IGFBPs, the overall impact of these alterations suggests a negative effect on IGF signaling.
### Instruction: Does endothelial Mineralocorticoid Receptor mediate Diet-Induced Aortic Stiffness in Females? ### Response:
Increased ECMR signaling associated with consumption of a WD plays a key role in endothelial sodium channel activation, reduced nitric oxide production, oxidative stress, and inflammation that lead to aortic remodeling and stiffness in female mice.
### Instruction: Does dexmedetomidine post-treatment induce neuroprotection via activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase in rats with subarachnoid haemorrhage? ### Response:
Dexmedetomidine post-treatment provides neuroprotection against SAH. This effect appears to be mediated by ERK.
### Instruction: Is stress urinary incontinence highly prevalent in recreationally active women attending gyms or exercise classes? ### Response:
Urinary incontinence is common in women attending gyms or exercise classes, but is rarely screened for. More education is required to encourage fitness leaders to screen exercise participants and to provide PFM-'friendly" modifications.
### Instruction: Does comparative transcriptome profiling of the injured zebrafish and mouse hearts identify miRNA-dependent repair pathways? ### Response:
This novel strategy identifies a series of miRNAs and associated pathways, in particular miR-26a, which represent attractive therapeutic targets for inducing repair in the injured heart.
### Instruction: Does c-reactive protein increase with gestational age during pregnancy among Chinese women? ### Response:
We concluded that CRP increased with gestational age among healthy Chinese women who delivered healthy infants. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 28:574-579, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
### Instruction: Are pectic polysaccharides attacked by hydroxyl radicals in ripening fruit : evidence from a fluorescent fingerprinting method? ### Response:
GalA-pAMAC arises from pectic reducing termini, formed by any of three proposed chain-cleaving agents ((•)OH, endopolygalacturonase and pectate lyase), any of which could cause its ripening-related increase. In contrast, pAMAC·UA-GalA conjugates are diagnostic of mid-chain oxidation of pectins by (•)OH. The evidence shows that (•)OH radicals do indeed attack fruit cell wall polysaccharides non-enzymically during softening in vivo. This applies much more prominently to drupes and berries (true fruits) than to false fruits (swollen receptacles). (•)OH radical attack on polysaccharides is thus predominantly a feature of ovary-wall tissue.
### Instruction: Does metformin Treatment Affect Testicular Size in Offspring Born to Mothers with Gestational Diabetes? ### Response:
Prepubertal testicular size did not differ between offspring born to metformin-treated mothers and those born to insulin-treated mothers.
### Instruction: Does interval aerobic training combined with strength-endurance exercise improve metabolic markers beyond caloric restriction in Zucker rats? ### Response:
Overall, IASE as well as CR were both useful interventions, especially when combined. However, IASE showed greater improvements on body composition, inflammatory and glycaemic profile than CR did.
### Instruction: Is high melphalan exposure associated with improved overall survival in myeloma patients receiving high dose melphalan and autologous transplantation? ### Response:
This large scale pharmacodynamic analysis of HDM demonstrates that high melphalan exposure is associated with improved survival, with an acceptable increase in transplant toxicity. These results suggest studies targeting a higher AUC are warranted in patients undergoing HDM and ASCT for myeloma.
### Instruction: Does a cumulative genetic risk score predict progression in Parkinson 's disease? ### Response:
We present results linking cumulative genetic risk to a motor outcome in Parkinson's disease. Our findings provide a valuable starting point for future large-scale efforts to map the genetic determinants of phenotypic variability.
### Instruction: Does interpersonal Violence be Associated With Increased Severity of Geriatric Facial Trauma? ### Response:
Interpersonal violence (assault) is associated with increased severity of geriatric facial trauma compared with other risk factors.
### Instruction: Do patients with colorectal cancer associated with Lynch syndrome and MLH1 promoter hypermethylation have similar prognoses? ### Response:
CSS did not differ in LS-associated CRC compared with MLH1-hm CRC, suggesting that they carry a similar prognosis.Genet Med 18 9, 863-868.
### Instruction: Are igE and FcεRI highly expressed on innate cells in psoriasis? ### Response:
IgE might participate in the development of psoriasis by activating FcεRI-bearing cells.
### Instruction: Does thromboxane A2 Receptor Stimulation enhance Microglial Interleukin-1β and NO Biosynthesis Mediated by the Activation of ERK Pathway? ### Response:
This study has shown a novel role of TP in microglia activation via the ERK signaling pathway, which provides insights for the management of neuroinflammation in diseases like cerebral infarction.
### Instruction: Do bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells differ in their attachment to fibronectin-derived peptides from term placenta-derived mesenchymal stromal cells? ### Response:
Human bmMSCs and pMSCs show distinct patterns of attachment to defined peptides and maintain differences in expression of integrins in vitro. Interactions of ex vivo bmMSCs with a given peptide yield different staining patterns compared to expanded bmMSCs in suspension. Attachment of expanded MSCs to peptides on surfaces is different from interactions of expanded MSCs with peptides in suspension. Studies designed to investigate the interactions of human MSCs with peptide-augmented scaffolds or peptides in suspension must therefore regard these differences in cell-peptide interactions.
### Instruction: Does ex vivo virotherapy with myxoma virus impair hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells? ### Response:
Human hematopoietic cells are non-permissive for MYXV. Human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were not infected and thus unaffected by MYXV ex vivo treatment.
### Instruction: Do endothelial progenitor cells promote efficient ex vivo expansion of cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells? ### Response:
These data demonstrated that EPCs improve the CD34+ population but do not compromise the repopulating efficacy of the amplified HSPCs, possibly via cytokine secretion and Wnt signaling pathway activation.
### Instruction: Does hepatocyte growth factor enhance the inflammation-alleviating effect of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in a bronchiolitis obliterans model? ### Response:
Treatment of BO with HGF gene modified MSCs results in reduction of local inflammation and promotion in recovery of allograft trachea histopathology. These findings might provide an effective therapeutic strategy for BO.
### Instruction: Is heterozygosity of stromelysin-1 ( rs3025058 ) promoter polymorphism associated with gastric cancer? ### Response:
This study showed an increased frequency of heterozygotes for stromelysin-1 rs3025058 and thought to be involved in the etiology of GC.
### Instruction: Does ruxolitinib improve symptoms and quality of life in a patient with systemic mastocytosis? ### Response:
Ruxolitinib significantly improved symptoms and quality of life in our patient with systemic mastocytosis.
### Instruction: Does single and Combined Exposure to Zinc- and Copper-Containing Welding Fumes lead to Asymptomatic Systemic Inflammation? ### Response:
Copper- and zinc-containing welding fumes are able to induce systemic inflammation.
### Instruction: Does continuing Medical Education improve Gastroenterologists ' Compliance with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality Measures? ### Response:
QI-focused CME improves community-based gastroenterologists' compliance with IBD quality measures and measures aligned with NQS priorities.
### Instruction: Does circulating Hepcidin-25 be Reduced by Endogenous Estrogen in Humans? ### Response:
In humans, gonadotropin-stimulated endogenous estrogen markedly decreases circulating hepcidin-25 levels. No clear and stable correlation between iron biomarkers and hepcidin-25 was seen before or after treatment of hyperthyroidism, hyperprolactinemia or growth hormone deficiency.
### Instruction: Does community-Based Multidisciplinary Computed Tomography Screening Program improve Lung Cancer Survival? ### Response:
A community-based multidisciplinary lung cancer screening program can improve survival of patients with lung cancer outside of a large multicenter study. This survival advantage was caused by a significant stage shift to earlier disease. Lung cancer CT screening may also benefit patients not meeting the National Lung Screening Trial criteria who are at moderate or high risk for lung cancer.
### Instruction: Are mitochondrial and oxidative stress genes differentially expressed in neutrophils of sJIA patients treated with tocilizumab : a pilot microarray study? ### Response:
For the first time we demonstrate that neutrophils from sJIA patients responding to tocilizumab showed significantly different changes in gene expression. These data could highlight the importance of mitochondrial genes that modulate oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of sJIA.
### Instruction: Does gALNT14 genotype effectively predict the therapeutic response in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization? ### Response:
GALNT14 genotypes were significantly associated with clinical outcomes of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization. The differential status of extrinsic apoptotic signaling between cancerous and non-cancerous tissues might underlie the clinical association.
### Instruction: Is flood-Exposure Associated with Higher Prevalence of Child Undernutrition in Rural Eastern India? ### Response:
Particularly in low-resource or subsistence-farming rural settings, long-lasting nutritional response in the aftermath of floods should be seriously considered to counteract the long-term nutritional effects on children, particularly infants, and include their mothers on whom they are dependent. The systematic monitoring of nutritional status in these groups might help to tailor efficient responses in each particular context.
### Instruction: Does miR-193b promote autophagy and non-apoptotic cell death in oesophageal cancer cells? ### Response:
These results highlight the importance of miR-193b in determining oesophageal cancer cell viability and demonstrate an enhancement of chemotoxicity that is independent of apoptosis induction.
### Instruction: Does immune status predict high-risk HPV in anal condyloma? ### Response:
IC patients did not have a significantly higher prevalence or risk of high-risk HPV or dysplasia in our study. HPV typing of all condylomata, regardless of immune status, should be considered as it may help predict risk of neoplastic transformation or identify NIC patients with an increased risk of developing anal intraepithelial neoplasia.
### Instruction: Does lovastatin protect keratinocytes from DNA damage-related pro-apoptotic stress responses stimulated by anticancer therapeutics? ### Response:
Lovastatin attenuates pro-toxic DNA damage-related responses of keratinocytes stimulated by OM-inducing anticancer therapeutics. The data encourage forthcoming in vivo and clinical studies addressing the usefulness of statins in the prevention of OM.
### Instruction: Does gremlin-1 C-Terminus regulate Function of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ( MIF )? ### Response:
Gremlin-1 C-terminus is essential for antagonizing MIF effects. Our results could offer a novel strategy utilizing Gremlin-1 to target pro-inflammatory effects of MIF in various diseases.
### Instruction: Do estrogenic Compounds Have Divergent Effects on Human Endothelial Progenitor Cell Migration according to Sex of the Donor? ### Response:
Estrogenic compounds have a sex divergent effect which could help in understanding differences in the pathophysiology of endothelial function observed between men and women.
### Instruction: Does lipoicmethylenedioxyphenol reduce Experimental Atherosclerosis through Activation of Nrf2 Signaling? ### Response:
Our results support that LMDP has an anti-atherosclerotic effect likely through activation of Nrf2 signaling and subsequent inhibition of macrophage chemotaxis.
### Instruction: Does a novel missense mutation in ATRX uncovered in a Yemeni family lead to alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome without alpha-thalassemia? ### Response:
The mutated gene is predicted to have a disrupted SNF-2 domain at a conserved residue; p.Leu1889Trp, which is deemed functionally damaging. This report offers, for the first time, full clinical and molecular characterization of a novel ATRX variant in an Arab family.
### Instruction: Is primary and booster vaccination with an inactivated poliovirus vaccine ( IPV ) immunogenic and well-tolerated in infants and toddlers in China? ### Response:
Trivalent IPV is non-inferior to OPV in terms of seroprotection (in the Chinese vaccination schedule) in infant and toddlers, with a clinically acceptable safety profile.
### Instruction: Do african American Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis Have a Distinct Phenotype of Polyposis Associated with Increased Asthma Hospitalization? ### Response:
AAs with refractory CRS are at increased risk for nasal polyposis, smell loss, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, and a greater severity of disease based on imaging, resulting in increased health care utilization.
### Instruction: Does autophagy upregulation promote macrophages to escape mesoporous silica nanoparticle ( MSN ) -induced NF-κB-dependent inflammation? ### Response:
In summary, our results suggest that autophagy may be a possible protective factor in inflammation induced by MSNs in macrophages.
### Instruction: Does whole Rye Consumption improve Blood and Liver n-3 Fatty Acid Profile and Gut Microbiota Composition in Rats? ### Response:
This study shows for the first time that WR consumption results in major biological modifications-increased plasma and liver n-3 EPA and DHA levels and improved gut microbiota profile, notably with increased diversity-known to provide health benefits. Unexpectedly, WR decreased SCFA levels in both cecum and feces. More studies are needed to understand the interactions between whole rye (fiber and polyphenols) and gut microbiota and also the mechanisms of action responsible for stimulating n-3 fatty acid metabolism.
### Instruction: Does decoration of intramyocellular lipid droplets with PLIN5 modulate fasting-induced insulin resistance and lipotoxicity in humans? ### Response:
Fasting results in subcellular redistribution of PLIN5 and promotes the capacity to store excess fat in larger and more numerous PLIN5-decorated LDs. This associates with blunting of fasting-induced insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting a role for PLIN5 in the modulation of fasting-mediated lipotoxicity.
### Instruction: Are the best objective response of target lesions and the incidence of treatment-related hypertension associated with the survival of patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with sunitinib : a Japanese retrospective study? ### Response:
Our findings suggested that the best objective response of target lesions was a prognostic marker for both progression-free survival and overall survival in sunitinib treatment. Furthermore, the incidence of sunitinib-induced hypertension was associated with a longer progression-free survival.
### Instruction: Does mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 rescue NMDA and GABAA receptor level deficits induced in a two-hit mouse model of schizophrenia? ### Response:
We demonstrate that the mGluR2/3 agonist LY379268 restores excitatory and inhibitory deficits with similar efficiency as olanzapine in our two-hit schizophrenia mouse model. This study significantly contributes to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of LY379268 and supports the use of agents aimed at mGluR2/3.
### Instruction: Are hOX transcription factors potential targets and markers in malignant mesothelioma? ### Response:
HOX genes are a potential therapeutic target in mesothelioma, and HOXB4 expression correlates with overall survival.
### Instruction: Does use of population-referenced total activity count percentiles to assess and classify physical activity of population groups? ### Response:
These results demonstrate the utility of population-referenced TAC/d percentiles in public health monitoring and surveillance. These findings also provide insights into the PA levels of NYC residents relative to the broader US population, which can be used to guide health promotion efforts.
### Instruction: Do mRI features have a role in pre-surgical planning of colloid cyst removal? ### Response:
We found specific MRI features suggestive of difficult cyst excision. In a subgroup of patients with pre-operative hydrocephalus and imaging features suggestive of difficult removal, significantly higher rates of shunting were observed. We therefore recommend an open approach in cases of low T2, high T1 signal cysts with a diameter of over 15 mm, or CSF shunting in poor surgical candidates. Smaller cysts, with a low T1 signal, a high T2 signal and pre-operative hydrocephalus, constitute a subgroup in which we recommend endoscopic intervention as the procedure of choice.
### Instruction: Does multimodality imaging demonstrate trafficking of liposomes preferentially to ischemic myocardium? ### Response:
Liposomes traffic to the heart and preferentially home to regions of myocardial injury, enabling improved diagnosis of myocardial injury and could serve as a vehicle for drug delivery.
### Instruction: Does endophilin A2 protect H2O2-induced apoptosis by blockade of Bax translocation in rat basilar artery smooth muscle cells? ### Response:
These data suggested a role of EndoII in protecting BASMCs apoptosis induced by H2O2, possibly by inhibiting the addressing of Bax to mitochondria. Targeting on EndoII may be a new strategy to treat apoptosis-associated diseases.
### Instruction: Is motor Performance Impaired Following Vestibular Stimulation in Ageing Mice? ### Response:
this study confirms there are age-related declines in grip strength and gross motor coordination. We also demonstrate age-dependent changes to finer motor abilities as a result of a low frequency and duration vestibular stimulus. These changes showed that while the ability to perform the balance beam task remained intact across all ages tested, behavioral changes in task performance were observed.
### Instruction: Are maternal Dietary Patterns Associated with Lower Levels of Cardiometabolic Markers during Pregnancy? ### Response:
The study findings suggest an association between maternal dietary patterns and several cardiometabolic markers during pregnancy.
### Instruction: Do high Plasma Concentrations of Zidovudine ( AZT ) Parallel Intracellular Concentrations of AZT-Triphosphates in Infants During Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV-1 Transmission? ### Response:
The level of icAZT-TP did not change with age, time, or a single dose despite the wide range of pAZT concentration. A safer dosage needs to be determined because high pAZT levels do not parallel those of icAZT-TP.
### Instruction: Does minocycline Effectively protect the Rabbit 's Spinal Cord From Aortic Occlusion-Related Ischemia? ### Response:
In a rabbit model of infrarenal aortic occlusion, minocycline effectively reduced paraplegia by increasing the number of viable neurons in a dose-dependent manner. Its action was completely abrogated by inhibiting the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway and was inhibited partially by the pro-apoptotic hyperglycemia maneuver, indicating that the activation of cell salvage pathways and mitochondrial sites are possible targets of minocycline action in an ischemic spinal cord.
### Instruction: Do nitric oxide-induced autophagy and the activation of AMPK pathway protect against apoptosis in human dental pulp cells? ### Response:
NO induced autophagy with AMPK activation, which plays a role in the survival of HDPCs against NO-induced apoptosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
### Instruction: Does glycerol Monolaurate inhibit Lipase Production by Clinical Ocular Isolates Without Affecting Bacterial Cell Viability? ### Response:
Lipase activity varied between species and between strains. Staphylococcal spp. produced higher lipase activity compared with P. acnes and Corynebacterium spp. Glycerol monolaurate inhibited lipase production by S. aureus and S. epidermidis at concentrations that did not adversely affect bacterial cell growth. GML can be used to inhibit ocular bacterial lipase production without proving detrimental to commensal bacteria viability.
### Instruction: Is bAP1 overexpressed in black compared with white patients with Mx-M1 clear cell renal cell carcinoma : A report from the cancer genome atlas? ### Response:
BAP1 is significantly overexpressed in Black compared with White patients and is associated with favorable stage. BAP1 overexpression portends distinct pathologic outcomes in Black and White patients demonstrating the need for racial stratification and adequate Black patient sampling in BAP1 biomarker studies.
### Instruction: Is lymph node hypoplasia associated with adverse outcomes in node-negative colon cancer using advanced lymph node dissection methods? ### Response:
LN5 count, as a marker of immune response, could be shown as being prognostic in node-negative colon cancer. Patients with low LN5 counts showed poor outcomes. These patients could perhaps profit from adjuvant chemotherapy.
### Instruction: Does low Cardiac Output lead Hepatic Fibrosis in Right Heart Failure Model Rats? ### Response:
Our study demonstrated that low CO and tissue hypoxia were responsible for hepatic fibrosis in right failure heart model rats.
### Instruction: Does cyclic stretch enhance apoptosis in human lumbar ligamentum flavum cells via the induction of reactive oxygen species generation? ### Response:
Our study suggests that cyclic stretch-induced apoptosis in human LF cells may be mediated by ROS generation and the activation of caspase-9.
### Instruction: Are clinical and radiological outcomes of lumbar posterior subtraction osteotomies correlated to pelvic incidence and FBI index : Prospective series of 63 cases? ### Response:
PSO is a surgical procedure enabling correction of multiplane rigid spinal deformities that require major sagittal correction. It was seen to be highly effective in patients with a small or moderate pelvic incidence (PI <60°) but was sometimes less effective in patients with large pelvic incidence due to insufficient lordosis correction. Clinical results were highly correlated with the value of the FBI index.
### Instruction: Does human lung-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium exert in vitro antitumor effects in malignant pleural mesothelioma cell lines? ### Response:
Our findings indicate that the cell-free hlMSC-CM confers in vitro antitumor activities via soluble factors in the tested mesothelioma cells and, hence, may serve as a therapeutic tool to augment the current treatment strategies in malignant pleural mesothelioma.
### Instruction: Is the Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter associated with the ex vivo P. falciparum African parasite response to pyronaridine? ### Response:
These results showed the ex vivo reduced susceptibility to pyronaridine, i.e., IC50 > 60 nM, associated with the K76T mutation.
### Instruction: Is global longitudinal strain associated with heart failure outcomes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? ### Response:
In patients with HCM, reduced GLS is an independent factor associated with poor cardiac outcomes, and particularly HF outcomes.
### Instruction: Do an order set and checklist improve physician transfusion ordering practices to mitigate the risk of transfusion-associated circulatory overload? ### Response:
A checklist and order set are tools that can improve the quality of transfusion orders by increasing the judicious use of pre-transfusion diuretics and augmenting the specification of transfusion rate. These interventions could be adapted to electronic order formats to improve transfusion safety.
### Instruction: Is volumetric breast density essential for predicting cosmetic outcome at the late stage after breast-conserving surgery? ### Response:
While PBVE was involved in cosmetic outcome at the early stage after BCT, VBD was associated with cosmetic outcome at the late stage after BCT. Thus, a combination of VBD and PBVE could predict cosmetic outcome after BCT and contribute to the selection for the appropriate BCT.
### Instruction: Does cartilage Derived from Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells express Lubricin In Vitro and In Vivo? ### Response:
Cartilage derived from MSCs expressed lubricin protein both in vitro and in vivo. Aggregation promoted lubricin expression of MSCs in vitro and transplantation of aggregates of MSCs regenerated cartilage including the superficial zone in a rat osteochondral defect model. Our results indicate that aggregated MSCs could be clinically relevant for therapeutic approaches to articular cartilage regeneration with an appropriate superficial zone in the future.
### Instruction: Does timing for dose-down of 5-ASA depend on mucosal status with ulcerative colitis? ### Response:
When the same ASA dose is maintained regardless of the presence or absence of EH, remission is more likely to be maintained. If the ASA dose must be reduced, dose reduction is more advantageous after an MES of 0 is achieved.
### Instruction: Is identification of β-glucosidase 1 as a biomarker and its high expression in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with resistance to chemotherapy drugs? ### Response:
Our data support β-glucosidase 1 as a HCC biomarker due to its prognosis significance.
### Instruction: Is combining ECT with pharmacological treatment of depressed inpatients in a naturalistic study associated with serum BDNF level increase? ### Response:
Combination of ECT with pharmacological treatment did not result in increased serum BDNF levels and did not restore levels to that of controls.
### Instruction: Does electrical pharyngeal stimulation increase substance P level in saliva? ### Response:
Electrical pharyngeal stimulation is able to induce pharyngeal SP release in healthy subjects.
### Instruction: Does astaxanthin ameliorate prenatal LPS-exposed behavioral deficits and oxidative stress in adult offspring? ### Response:
Taken together, these results suggest that prenatal maternal LPS-exposure leads to behavioral deficits in the adults, while astaxanthin ameliorates the behavioral deficits presumably via its antioxidant property.
### Instruction: Does the dual S1PR1/S1PR5 drug BAF312 ( Siponimod ) attenuate demyelination in organotypic slice cultures? ### Response:
Overall, this study suggests that BAF312 can modulate glial cell function and attenuate demyelination, highlighting this drug as a further potential therapy in demyelinating disorders, beyond MS.
### Instruction: Does a Pre-Hospital Patient Education Program improve Outcomes of Bariatric Surgery? ### Response:
The introduction of a pre-hospital education program has led to an improvement in attendance rates and early weight loss post-bariatric surgery.
### Instruction: Is duration of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation a poor predictor of hospital survival? ### Response:
According to our registry data, duration of ECMO therapy by itself could not predict hospital survival. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
### Instruction: Are high prolactin levels associated with more delirium in septic patients? ### Response:
High prolactin levels may be a risk factor for delirium in septic patients.
### Instruction: Is low carotid artery wall shear stress independently associated with brain white-matter hyperintensities and cognitive impairment in older patients? ### Response:
Carotid artery WSS was independently associated with brain white-matter lesions and cognitive impairment in patients aged ≥80 y.
### Instruction: Does large-scale profiling of signalling pathways reveal an asthma specific signature in bronchial smooth muscle cells? ### Response:
These first-time results can now be exploited toward development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting ISP signatures linked to asthma pathophysiology.
### Instruction: Do cytotoxic amounts of cisplatin induce either checkpoint adaptation or apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner in cancer cells? ### Response:
Our data demonstrate that cancer cells treated with cisplatin can undergo one of two modes of cell death depending upon concentration used. These findings suggest that checkpoint adaptation is likely a primary pathway in genotoxic cell death at pharmacological concentrations of cisplatin.
### Instruction: Does andrographolide attenuate LPS-stimulated up-regulation of C-C and C-X-C motif chemokines in rodent cortex and primary astrocytes? ### Response:
These results suggest that andrographolide may be useful as a therapeutic for neuroinflammatory diseases, especially those characterized by chemokine dysregulation.
### Instruction: Does choice of xenogenic-free expansion media significantly influence the myogenic differentiation potential of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells? ### Response:
Our study provides novel data on the myogenic differentiation potential of human MSCs toward the SMC lineage using different xenogenic-free cell culture expansion media in combination with distinct differentiation medium compositions. We show that the choice of expansion medium significantly influences the differentiation potential of human MSCs toward the smooth muscle cell, as well as osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages. These results can aid in designing studies using MSCs for tissue-specific therapeutic applications.
### Instruction: Is galectin-1 a local but not systemic immunomodulatory factor in mesenchymal stromal cells? ### Response:
These results serve as evidence that Gal-1 does not play a role in the systemic immunosuppressive effect of MSCs. However, a local contribution of Gal-1 to modulation of T-cell response by direct cell-to-cell interaction cannot be excluded. Notably, this study serves a good model to understand how the specificity of a pleiotropic protein depends on the type and localization of the producing effector cell and its target.
### Instruction: Is activation of microglia within paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus involved in maintenance of established hypertension? ### Response:
Activated microglia with morphological alteration within PVN are not involved in the maintenance of established severe hypertension, and inflammation within PVN could not be the therapeutic target of established hypertension.
### Instruction: Do distinct genomic and epigenomic features demarcate hypomethylated blocks in colon cancer? ### Response:
Our analyses suggest that the overall architecture of HMBs is guided by pre-existing chromatin architecture, and are associated with aberrant activity of promoter-like sequences at the boundary.
### Instruction: Does long-Term Pain Reduction Imply Improved Functional Outcome in Patients Treated With Combined Supraorbital and Occipital Nerve Stimulation for Chronic Migraine? ### Response:
There is a paucity of studies in quality of life, productivity, and psychosocial aspects with peripheral nerve stimulation therapy for headache. Patients with a positive response to SONS and ONS also reported overall improvement in their functional status as reflected by MIDAS and BDI in the perioperative period. Unfortunately, this effect waned over the long-term follow-up.
### Instruction: Does epigallocatechin Gallate extend the Therapeutic Window of Recombinant Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment in Ischemic Rats? ### Response:
Our study has demonstrated for the first time in vivo results supporting the potential of EGCG to be coadministered with rt-PA, to extend its therapeutic window in treating acute brain ischemia.
### Instruction: Does empagliflozin reduce body weight and indices of adipose distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus? ### Response:
Empagliflozin significantly reduced weight and adiposity indices with the potential to improve cardiometabolic risk among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
### Instruction: Do rNA binding proteins regulate anabolic and catabolic gene expression in chondrocytes? ### Response:
This study demonstrates for the first time how RNABPs are able to affect the balance of anabolic and catabolic gene expression in human chondrocytes. The post-transcriptional mechanisms controlled by RNABPs present novel avenues of regulation and potential points of intervention for controlling the expression of SOX9 and MMP13 in chondrocytes.