Datasets:
typosonlr
/
PubMedPreProcessed

Dataset card Data Studio Files
xet
Community
1
question
stringlengths
52
373
long_answer
stringlengths
1
3.34k
### Instruction: Does electrical forepaw stimulation during reversible forebrain ischemia decrease infarct volume? ### Response:
Functional stimulation of ischemic tissue may decrease tissue damage and improve outcome from stroke. Although the precise mechanism of this effect remains to be determined, functional stimulation could readily be translated to clinical practice.
### Instruction: Does chronic low vitamin intake potentiate cisplatin-induced intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis in WNIN rats? ### Response:
Low intake of vitamins increases the sensitivity of rats to cisplatin and promotes intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis.
### Instruction: Does eubacterium limosum ameliorate experimental colitis and metabolite of microbe attenuates colonic inflammatory action with increase of mucosal integrity? ### Response:
E. limosum can ameliorate experimental colonic inflammation. In part, the metabolite of E. limosum, butyrate, increases mucosal integrity and shows anti-inflammatory action modulation of mucosal defense system via TLR4.
### Instruction: Does crossover cutting during hamstring fatigue produce transverse plane knee control deficits? ### Response:
The increased knee internal rotation velocity during phase I indicates transverse plane dynamic knee-control deficits during hamstring fatigue. Earlier peak ankle plantar-flexor moments and decreased internal rotation during phase II in the presence of hamstring fatigue may represent compensatory attempts at dynamic knee stabilization from the posterior lower leg musculature during the pivot shift portion of the crossover cut. The weak relationship between decreased hamstring torque/lean body weight and delayed knee internal rotation during propulsion further supports greater dependence on ankle plantar flexors for dynamic knee stabilization compensation.
### Instruction: Does carnosine and anserine ingestion enhance contribution of nonbicarbonate buffering? ### Response:
Although oral supplementation with CBEX (which is a rich source of carnosine and anserine) increased the contribution of the nonbicarbonate buffering action and decreased bicarbonate buffering action in blood, intense intermittent exercise performance did not improve significantly.
### Instruction: Is irinotecan inactivation modulated by epigenetic silencing of UGT1A1 in colon cancer? ### Response:
We conclude that DNA methylation represses UGT1A1 expression in colon cancer and that this process may contribute to the level of tumoral inactivation of the anticancer agent SN-38 and potentially influence clinical response.
### Instruction: Does pre-oxygenation enhance induction with sevoflurane as assessed using bispectral index monitoring? ### Response:
Before sevoflurane administration, breathing 100% oxygen for 10 min enhances induction of anesthesia with sevoflurane.
### Instruction: Does hepatocyte growth factor secreted by cultured adipocytes promote tube formation of vascular endothelial cells in vitro? ### Response:
These results suggest that HGF secreted from 3T3-L1 cells may be the major factor regulating the tube formation, and agents that enhance the differentiation of adipocytes may promote tube formation of HUVECs mediated by HGF secreted by adipocytes.
### Instruction: Does intravenous injection of methylprednisolone reduce the incidence of postextubation stridor in intensive care unit patients? ### Response:
A reduced cuff leak volume is a reliable indicator to identify patients at high risk to develop stridor. Treatment with a single or multiple injections of methylprednisolone can effectively reduce the occurrence of postextubation stridor.
### Instruction: Is the calculated genetic barrier for antiretroviral drug resistance substitutions largely similar for different HIV-1 subtypes? ### Response:
Based on the calculated genetic barrier, the rate of drug resistance development may be similar for different HIV-1 subtypes. Because of differences in minor protease substitutions, protease inhibitor resistance could be enhanced in particular subtypes once the relevant major substitutions are selected.
### Instruction: Does combined therapy with PPARalpha agonist and L-carnitine rescue lipotoxic cardiomyopathy due to systemic carnitine deficiency? ### Response:
PPARalpha activation, in addition to l-carnitine supplementation, may rescue the detrimental lipotoxic cardiomyopathy in SCD by improving cardiac energy and lipid metabolism as well as systemic lipid metabolism.
### Instruction: Is the cytoskeleton regulatory protein hMena ( ENAH ) overexpressed in human benign breast lesions with high risk of transformation and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2-positive/hormonal receptor-negative tumors? ### Response:
Our data provide new insights into the relevance of actin-binding proteins in human breast carcinogenesis and indicate hMena overexpression as a surrogate indicator in breast disease management.
### Instruction: Does changes of topoisomerase IIalpha expression in breast tumors after neoadjuvant chemotherapy predict relapse-free survival? ### Response:
Changes in TopoII expression after anthracycline-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy is an independent predictor of a poor relapse-free survival in patients with breast cancer. Tumor cells displaying an increased TopoII expression after treatment may be responsible for relapses, and may, therefore, define a group of patients with anthracycline-resistant breast cancer.
### Instruction: Does adolescents ' attachment orientation influence ambulatory blood pressure responses to everyday social interactions? ### Response:
The current findings suggest that adolescent attachment orientation may shape later physical health through influences on the nature of, and physiological responses to, social interactions in everyday life.
### Instruction: Does high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improve refractory depression by influencing catecholamine and brain-derived neurotrophic factors? ### Response:
These results suggest that rTMS treatment brings about some improvement in refractory depression, especially for symptoms such as agitation, by influencing MHPG and BDNF, which is in accordance with previous reports showing that BDNF was increased by various antidepressants treatments.
### Instruction: Do psychiatric symptoms and substance use disorders in a nationally representative sample of American adolescents involved with foster care? ### Response:
Adolescents involved with foster care have a higher prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and drug use disorders than those never placed in foster care. Additionally, the results of this study suggest that they may be at elevated risk for suicide attempts.
### Instruction: Is magnetic resonance imaging the diagnostic tool of choice in the preoperative evaluation of patients with partial anomalous pulmonary venous return? ### Response:
In patients with suspected anomalous pulmonary venous return, magnetic resonance provides a comprehensive evaluation of pulmonary venous return and the amount of shunt, overcoming most of the limitations of echocardiography. Therefore magnetic resonance is a powerful diagnostic tool for indicating therapeutic management and surgical strategies for this group of patients, and can be considered a non-invasive alternative to cardiac catheterization.
### Instruction: Does urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy in the management of acute cholecystitis : timing influence conversion rate? ### Response:
The conversion rate for urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy among patients with acute cholecystitis can be as low as 3.6%. The timing of urgent laparoscopic cholecystectomy has no impact on the conversion rate.
### Instruction: Does plantar cutaneous input modulate differently spinal reflexes in subjects with intact and injured spinal cord? ### Response:
The effects of plantar cutaneous afferents change following a lesion to the spinal cord leading to exaggerated activity in both flexors and extensors. This suggests impaired modulation of the spinal inhibitory mechanisms involved in the reflex modulation. Our findings should be considered in programs aimed to restore sensorimotor function and promote recovery in these patients.
### Instruction: Does a long-form alpha-neurotoxin from cobra venom produce potent opioid-independent analgesia? ### Response:
CTX has analgesic effects, which are mediated in the central nervous system though not through the PAG. The central cholinergic system but not opioid system appears to be involved in the antinociceptive action of CTX.
### Instruction: Do sp1/3 and NF-1 mediate basal transcription of the human P2X1 gene in megakaryoblastic MEG-01 cells? ### Response:
This study has identified and characterized the P2X1 promoter utilized in MEG-01 cells and shown that binding of Sp1/3 and NF-1 to elements in the direct vicinity of the transcription start site is essential for basal transcription. Targeting the function of these transcription factors in megakaryocytes may therefore provide a basis for the future therapeutic manipulation of platelet P2X1 function.
### Instruction: Do smoking particles enhance endothelin A and endothelin B receptor-mediated contractions by enhancing translation in rat bronchi? ### Response:
The increased contractility of rat bronchi when exposed to DSP appears to be due to a translation mechanism.
### Instruction: Does zoledronic acid treatment impair protein geranyl-geranylation for biological effects in prostatic cells? ### Response:
Although zoledronic acid is currently the most efficient bisphosphonate in metastatic prostate cancer management, its mechanism of action in prostatic cells remains unclear. We suggest in this work that although in first intention ZOL inhibits FPPsynthase its main biological actitivity is directed against protein Geranylgeranylation.
### Instruction: Does treatment with AM3 restore defective T-cell function in COPD patients? ### Response:
PBMCs of COPD patients showed clear functional T-lymphocyte abnormalities that are rescued by AM3 treatment.
### Instruction: Does hLA-DRB1 donor-recipient mismatch affect the outcome of hepatitis C disease recurrence after liver transplantation? ### Response:
This study provides evidence that DRB1 donor-recipient mismatch affects both the occurrence and progression of recurrent hepatitis C disease. This information is clinically relevant as it may help to better allocate organs and to recognize patients at risk for progression so that specific interventions can be implemented.
### Instruction: Does comparison between stabilometry with and without head tilt in a roll plane? ### Response:
One could argue that a combination of displacement of the body itself, influence of proprioceptive sensation, and influence of otolith affects the output of stabilometry. It would be possible to develop this test if the first and the second are excluded.
### Instruction: Is dance training intensity at 11-14 years associated with femoral torsion in classical ballet dancers? ### Response:
FT is significantly associated with PERC. Dancers who trained for six hours a week or more at 11-14 years of age had significantly less FT. FTC had a significant influence on PERC, but no influence on the execution of TO.
### Instruction: Does blockade of IGF-1 receptor tyrosine kinase have antineoplastic effects in hepatocellular carcinoma cells? ### Response:
Inhibition of IGF-1R tyrosine kinase (IGF-1R-TK) by NVP-AEW541 induces growth inhibition, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in human HCC cell lines without accompanying cytotoxicity. Thus, IGF-1R-TK inhibition may be a promising novel treatment approach in HCC.
### Instruction: Does heart failure reduce both the effects and interaction between cyclic GMP and cyclic AMP? ### Response:
In controls, cyclic AMP attenuated cyclic GMPs negative functional and metabolic effects. The effects and the interaction were blunted in the HYP and HYP-FAIL groups.
### Instruction: Is clarithromycin an effective immunomodulator in experimental pyelonephritis caused by pan-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae? ### Response:
Clarithromycin administered intravenously in experimental infection caused by pan-resistant K. pneumoniae attenuated systemic inflammatory response and local tissue damage. This effect is probably attributed to immunomodulatory intervention on blood monocytes.
### Instruction: Do hot-Pack and 1-MHz Ultrasound Treatments Have an Additive Effect on Muscle Temperature Increase? ### Response:
Vigorous increases in deep muscle temperature (>/=4 degrees C) can be reached with 2 to 3 minutes less total sonation time when preheated with a hot pack. Thus, ultrasound and hot packs have an additive effect on intramuscular temperature, but the characteristics of the additive effect are different, primarily because there appears to be a tissue temperature plateau.
### Instruction: Does [ Recombinant human epithelial growth factor accelerate healing of cervical erosion ]? ### Response:
rhEGF can obviously accelerate the healing of cervical erosion.
### Instruction: Are nocturnal wrist movements correlated with objective clinical scores and plasma chemokine levels in children with atopic dermatitis? ### Response:
This is the first study to demonstrate that wrist activities, nonintrusively measured by the DigiTrac monitor at home, are closely correlated with the objective clinical scores and levels of peripheral blood chemokine markers for AD but not with the reported symptoms of pruritus or sleep loss. We propose that wrist activities between 1 and 3 Hz for the first 3 h are a good indicator of AD severity in children and should substitute for the pruritus and sleep-loss components of the SCORAD.
### Instruction: Is asthma severity associated with an increase in both blood CXCR3+ and CCR4+ T cells? ### Response:
The proportion of CCR4+ cells in blood memory helper T cells may be increased in patients with asthma and is associated with the level of serum IgE, but severity of asthma is also associated with the increase of blood CXCR3+ cells in memory helper T cells.
### Instruction: Does dentin enhance the effectiveness of bioactive glass S53P4 against a strain of Enterococcus faecalis? ### Response:
The observed phenomenon was related to an increased BAG dissolution triggered by dentin powder, causing elevated local pH and silica levels.
### Instruction: Does a highly sensitive ELISA D-dimer increase testing but not diagnosis of pulmonary embolism? ### Response:
In the study's academic ED, introduction of ELISA D-dimer testing was accompanied by an increase in PE evaluations, D-dimer testing, and pulmonary vascular imaging; there was no observed change in the rate of PE diagnosis.
### Instruction: Does long term smoking with age build up excessive oxidative stress in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid? ### Response:
Oxidised glutathione associated with excessive protein carbonylation accumulates in the lung of older smokers with long term smoking histories even in the absence of lung diseases, but they are not significantly enhanced in smokers with mild emphysema.
### Instruction: Does mitotane have an estrogenic effect on sex hormone-binding globulin and corticosteroid-binding globulin in humans? ### Response:
Mitotane increased SHBG/CBG gene expression and liver production by mechanisms requiring the presence of ERalpha.
### Instruction: Are tissue factor expression and activity increased in peripheral monocytes isolated from uncomplicated hypertensive patients? ### Response:
We demonstrated that TF mRNA and activity levels in monocytes obtained from uncomplicated hypertensive individuals are comparable with those of normotensive subjects, whereas atherosclerotic hypertensive patients showed increased levels of these parameters.
### Instruction: Is angiotensin II-stimulated collagen production in cardiac fibroblasts mediated by reactive oxygen species? ### Response:
Our data show that in adult rat cardiac fibroblasts the membrane-associated NAD(P)H oxidase complex is the predominant source of superoxide anion and reactive oxygen species generation in angiotensin II-stimulated adult cardiac fibroblasts. Inhibition of this NAD(P)H oxidase complex with apocynin completely blocked the angiotensin II-stimulated collagen production, and collagen I and III protein and mRNA expression.
### Instruction: Is hepatic growth hormone resistance during sepsis associated with increased suppressors of cytokine signaling expression and impaired growth hormone signaling? ### Response:
Sepsis diminished STAT5 phosphorylation and activity in liver as well as plasma IGF-I following GH administration. Hepatic messenger RNA expression of SOCS-1, SOCS-3, and CIS was transiently increased during abdominal sepsis and temporally associated with the development of hepatic GH resistance.
### Instruction: Is survival of critically ill medical patients time-critical? ### Response:
ICU admission delay (lead-time) is associated with a greater mortality-risk in critically ill medical patients requiring MV and/or RRT.
### Instruction: Is tRAIL-receptor expression an independent prognostic factor for survival in patients with a primary glioblastoma multiforme? ### Response:
TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 expression on tumor cells are independent prognostic factors for survival in patients with a glioblastoma multiforme. Both receptors could be targets for TRAIL therapy. As TRAIL-R2 is more expressed, in comparison with TRAIL-R1, on GBM tumor cells, TRAIL-R2 seems to be of more importance as a target for future TRAIL therapy than TRAIL-R1.
### Instruction: Do rewetting drops containing surface active agents improve the clinical performance of silicone hydrogel contact lenses? ### Response:
The use of a RWD containing surface active agents provided greater subjective satisfaction, reduced lysozyme and total protein deposition, and reduced denatured lysozyme than a RWD containing saline alone.
### Instruction: Do cladosporium herbarum and Pityrosporum ovale allergen extracts share cross-reacting glycoproteins? ### Response:
Part of the IgE binding to mould and yeast allergen extracts is due to cross-reacting glycoproteins. False-positive IgE and skin prick test results should be taken into account in the diagnosis of mould allergy.
### Instruction: Does acute mental stress have a prolonged unfavorable effect on arterial stiffness and wave reflections? ### Response:
Acute mental stress results in a prolonged increase in aortic stiffness and wave reflections. Given the important pathophysiologic and prognostic role of these parameters, our results provide important mechanistic links between acute mental stress and increased cardiovascular risk.
### Instruction: Do anger suppression and adiposity modulate association between ADRB2 haplotype and cardiovascular stress reactivity? ### Response:
This study demonstrates modulating influences of BMI and anger expression styles on ADRB2 gene associations with hemodynamic function at rest and in response to laboratory stress. These findings support the hypothesis that consideration of gene-environment interactions may better characterize the role of ADRB2 variation in the development of stress-induced essential hypertension.
### Instruction: Is cT pulmonary angiography the first-line imaging test for acute pulmonary embolism : a survey of US clinicians? ### Response:
US clinicians unequivocally prefer CTPA in patients with suspected acute PE. Reasons for this preference include availability and timely reporting, a lower rate of inconclusive results, and the additional diagnostic capabilities that CTPA can provide.
### Instruction: Is cortical and subcortical neurodegeneration associated with HIV neurocognitive impairment? ### Response:
As the anatomic distribution and temporal progression of neuropathologic changes appears to differ across individuals, it is important to consider both cortical and subcortical brain regions in studies of neuropathogenesis and treatment of HIV-related brain disease. Furthermore, combining information from several markers of neural injury provided the strongest association with degree of neurocognitive impairment during life.
### Instruction: Do five years follow up of laparoscopic burch colposuspension for stress urinary incontinence in Thai women? ### Response:
The authors found that the cure rate was rather low in laparoscopic burch colposuspension. Due to the long operative time, the requirement of complicated instruments and well trained physicians, the authors suggested that this technique should be selected only in cases of women with concomitant gynecologic disease that required lapascopic surgery.
### Instruction: Do effect of a single overnight topical application of miconazole nitrate paste on acne papules? ### Response:
A single overnight application of miconazole nitrate paste appears to reduce the erythematous aspect of acne papules.
### Instruction: Is depression associated with cardiac symptoms , mortality risk , and hospitalization among women with suspected coronary disease : the NHLBI-sponsored WISE study? ### Response:
Among a sample of women with suspected myocardial ischemia, depression was associated with cardiac symptoms and health outcomes over follow-up. The findings extend the range of depression effects by demonstrating relationships within a sample of women experiencing symptoms of myocardial ischemia but showing a relative absence of flow limiting coronary stenoses. Depression measurements can assist the clinician in evaluating cardiac symptom presentation and cardiovascular risk status in women.
### Instruction: Do iCF and ICD codes provide a standard language of disability in young children? ### Response:
The results demonstrate that ICD and ICF can be jointly used as a common language to document disability characteristics of children in early intervention.
### Instruction: Does the Tardieu Scale differentiate contracture from spasticity whereas the Ashworth Scale is confounded by it? ### Response:
In all cases that spasticity was overestimated by the Ashworth Scale, participants had a contracture. These findings suggest that the Tardieu Scale differentiates spasticity from contracture whereas the Ashworth Scale is confounded by it.
### Instruction: Are multispecialty stroke services in California hospitals associated with reduced mortality? ### Response:
Dedicated, multispecialty stroke services are underutilized despite their association with reduced stroke mortality at both academic and non-academic hospitals.
### Instruction: Does anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade improve insulin resistance in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? ### Response:
Our study confirms a rapid beneficial effect of infliximab on insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity in RA patients treated periodically with this drug. It may support the long-term use of drugs that act blocking TNF-alpha function to reduce the mechanisms implicated in the development of atherosclerosis in patients with RA.
### Instruction: Do prevalent esophageal body motility disorders underlie aggravation of GERD symptoms in morbidly obese patients following adjustable gastric banding? ### Response:
Adjustable gastric banding provides a sufficient antireflux barrier in most of the obese patients with GERD. However, in patients with preoperatively defective esophageal body motility, AGB may aggravate GERD symptoms and esophageal dilatation. Alternative bariatric surgical procedures should be considered in these patients.
### Instruction: Does selegiline slow the progression of the symptoms of Parkinson disease? ### Response:
The results of this long-term study confirm earlier findings indicating that selegiline delays the progression of the signs and symptoms of Parkinson disease.
### Instruction: Is d-lactate a reliable marker of gut ischemia-reperfusion in a rat model of supraceliac aortic clamping? ### Response:
D-lactate is not a reliable marker of gut IR in our model of supraceliac aortic clamping in rats.
### Instruction: Does predictors of support for environmental tobacco smoke ban in state government? ### Response:
Both the harms of ETS and legislation to create smoke-free environments remain controversial among local officials. Smoke-free advocates should support officials who believe that ETS is a problem and persuade officials on the harms of ETS and the need for government intervention.
### Instruction: Does cardiovascular system in larval zebrafish respond to developmental hypoxia in a family specific manner? ### Response:
Zebrafish families vary in their plastic response to hypoxia. Genetic variation in plastic response to hypoxia may therefore provide the basic ingredient for adaptation to a variable environment. Considerable variation in the degree of familial response to hypoxia exists between different cardiovascular traits that may contribute to cardiac output. It is possible that the integration of several subsidiary traits into cardiac output allows the maintenance of genetic variance in cardiac response.
### Instruction: Is long-term renal function after liver transplantation related to calcineurin inhibitors blood levels? ### Response:
5 yr after LT, patients have lost 26% of their initial GFR and 25% of them have a GFR < 50 mL/min. This complication is predicted by high levels of calcineurin inhibitors (CNI). Therefore CNI levels should be reduced as low as possible and use of alternative drugs should be considered.
### Instruction: Does perineural invasion on prostate needle biopsy predict biochemical failure following brachytherapy for prostate cancer? ### Response:
Perineural invasion is not a significant predictor of biochemical recurrence in patients undergoing brachytherapy for prostate cancer.
### Instruction: Is prostatic irradiation associated with any measurable increase in the risk of subsequent rectal cancer? ### Response:
An increased frequency of rectal cancer after prostatic irradiation, apparent on crude analysis, could be attributed to age confounding and other unmeasured confounders associated with prostate cancer treatment and rectal cancer risk.
### Instruction: Are polyclonal T-cell responses to cytochrome P450IID6 associated with disease activity in autoimmune hepatitis type 2? ### Response:
These data imply that the T-cell response to CYP2D6 in AIH-2 is polyclonal, involves multiple effector types targeting different epitopes, and is associated with hepatocyte damage, knowledge that should form the basis for a more refined therapeutic approach.
### Instruction: Is hepatitis B virus replication regulated by the acetylation status of hepatitis B virus cccDNA-bound H3 and H4 histones? ### Response:
We developed a ChIP-based assay to analyze, in vitro and ex vivo, the transcriptional regulation of HBV cccDNA minichromosome. Our results provide new insights on the regulation of HBV replication and identify the enzymatic activities that modulate the acetylation of cccDNA-bound histones as new therapeutic targets for anti-HBV drugs.
### Instruction: Do male pheromone protein components activate female vomeronasal neurons in the salamander Plethodon shermani? ### Response:
This study suggests that two specific populations of female vomeronasal neurons are responsible for responding to each of the two components of the male pheromone mixture. These two neural populations, therefore, could express different receptors which, in turn, transmit different information to the brain, thus accounting for the different female behavior elicited by each pheromone component.
### Instruction: Is one fracture enough ! Experience with a prospective and consecutive osteoporosis screening program with 239 fracture patients? ### Response:
Screening of fracture patients who visit an orthopedics department appears to be an effective way of identifying individuals with low bone mineral density. The screening routines can be organized as an osteoporosis team consisting of a doctor, a nurse and a secretary at each department. Today, these patients are largely undetected and untreated--at least in our region. In our series, only 13 patients had been DEXA-scanned and were treated by antiresorptive drugs at the time of fracture.
### Instruction: Does systemic zoledronate precoating of a bone graft reduce bone resorption during remodeling? ### Response:
A bone graft can be pretreated with bisphosphonate and remain protected against resorption once implanted again.
### Instruction: Does autonomic response to standardized stress predict subsequent disease activity in ulcerative colitis? ### Response:
An atypical pattern of autonomic reactivity may be a marker of individual differences in stress regulation that has prognostic significance in ulcerative colitis.
### Instruction: Is vasodilation in resistance arteries related to the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio in the elderly : the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors ( PIVUS ) study? ### Response:
The apoB/A1 levels, but not LDL-cholesterol, were inversely related to endothelium-dependent vasodilation evaluated by EDV and pulse wave analysis, but not by FMD. Also EIDV showed the same pattern, suggesting a general deterioration in vasoreactivity mainly in resistance arteries in elderly subjects with high apoB/A1 levels.
### Instruction: Is repeat hepatic resection for recurrent colorectal liver metastases associated with favourable long-term survival? ### Response:
The beneficial outcomes observed after repeat liver resection in selected patients with RCLM confirm the experience of others and support its status as the preferred choice of treatment for such patients.
### Instruction: Does a multifaceted intervention improve patient satisfaction and perceptions of emergency department care? ### Response:
Significant improvements in a variety of patient satisfaction measures were achieved with an intervention comprising staff communication workshops, a patient education film, and a patient liaison nurse.
### Instruction: Are bronchoalveolar lavage fluid D dimer levels higher and more prevalent in black patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis? ### Response:
BALF D dimer is an indicator of lung fibrin formation and degradation in sarcoidosis. The relationship of high D dimer levels with greater BAL lymphocytosis and worse lung function may be a marker of active sarcoidosis, especially in African-Americans who tend to suffer a more serious form of the disease.
### Instruction: Is evidence-based medicine affordable : the cost-effectiveness of current compared with optimal treatment in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis? ### Response:
While the precise dollar costs in each country will differ, the relativities at this level of coverage should remain the same. There is no evidence that closing the gap between evidence and practice would result in a drop in efficiency.
### Instruction: Do bone marrow diffusion measures correlate with dementia severity in HIV patients? ### Response:
The results of this investigation support the utility of diffusion strategies for monitoring the marrow and provide further evidence of a relationship between marrow status changes and neurologic progression in HIV patients.
### Instruction: Do mechanisms of Bacillus subtilis spore killing by and resistance to an acidic Fe-EDTA-iodide-ethanol formulation? ### Response:
The KMT reagent does not kill spores by DNA damage and a major factor in spore resistance to this reagent is the spore coat. KMT reagent treatment damages the spore's ability to germinate, perhaps by damaging the spore's inner membrane. However, this damage is not oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids.
### Instruction: Does the presence of emphysema further impair physiologic function in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis? ### Response:
In former smokers with IPF, the presence and the extent of emphysema have a profound influence on physiologic function in terms of both further impairment and confounding effects.
### Instruction: Does lXR-induced redistribution of ABCG1 to plasma membrane in macrophages enhance cholesterol mass efflux to HDL? ### Response:
LXR activation induces redistribution of ABCG1 from intracellular sites to the plasma membrane and increases cholesterol mass efflux to HDL in an ABCG1-dependent fashion. ABCG1 acts in the macrophage plasma membrane to increase the availability of cholesterol to a variety of lipoprotein and nonlipoprotein acceptors while limiting the accumulation of cholesterol in the endoplasmic reticulum.
### Instruction: Does apelin stimulate myosin light chain phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle cells? ### Response:
These results provide the first evidence to our knowledge for apelin-mediated MLC phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo, which is a potential mechanism of apelin-mediated vasoconstriction.
### Instruction: Does a novel dairy product fermented with Propionibacterium freudenreichii improve the riboflavin status of deficient rats? ### Response:
Consumption of such products with increased levels of riboflavin on a regular basis may help prevent deficiencies of this essential vitamin.
### Instruction: Do gender and race/ethnicity affect the cost-effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening? ### Response:
Screening is most cost-effective in black men because of high age-specific colorectal cancer incidence rates. Initiation of colorectal cancer screening in this high-risk group prior to age 50 should be strongly considered.
### Instruction: Does altered blood-brain barrier permeability in rats with prehepatic portal hypertension turn to normal when portal pressure is lowered? ### Response:
The impairment of blood-brain barrier and subsequent normalization could be a mechanism involved in hepatic encephalopathy reversibility.Hemodynamic changes and ammonia could trigger blood-brain barrier alterations and its reestablishment.
### Instruction: Are sleep disorders long-term sequelae of both bacterial and viral meningitis? ### Response:
Impaired sleep is a long-term consequence of meningitis. Additional, so far undetermined, factors other than the severity of concomitant neurological deficits are responsible for the development of this sequela.
### Instruction: Do multiple centrally acting antidotes protect against severe organophosphate toxicity? ### Response:
Doses of diazepam, xylazine, and morphine below those used for deep sedation protect against severe dichlorvos poisoning, implying that several distinct central mechanisms are each sufficient to avert lethality. These findings suggest new possibilities for prophylaxis or therapy.
### Instruction: Does sT segment elevation differ depending on the method of measurement? ### Response:
In anterior STE myocardial infarction, STE measurements produce different results depending on the method of measurement. Future clinical trials should specify the method of measurement.
### Instruction: Do hemodynamic effects of subclavian steal phenomenon on contralateral vertebral artery? ### Response:
The degree of flow velocity increase in the contralateral VA artery correlates well with the severity of subclavian steal phenomenon.
### Instruction: Are polymorphisms of estrogen receptor beta gene associated with hypospadias? ### Response:
Our results suggest that variations in the ESR2 might influence susceptibility to hypospadias.
### Instruction: Does calcitonin directly attenuate collagen type II degradation by inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase expression and activity in articular chondrocytes? ### Response:
These results are the first evidence of calcitonin receptor expression on articular chondrocytes and that the chondroprotective effects of calcitonin might involve the inhibition of MMP expression.
### Instruction: Does postconditioning protect rabbit hearts through a protein kinase C-adenosine A2b receptor cascade? ### Response:
Salvage of ischemic myocardium by postconditioning is dependent on activation of A2b receptors, which in turn depends on activation of PKC. It is still unclear why PKC activation is required to make the heart's adenosine become protective.
### Instruction: Does buprenorphine induce ceiling in respiratory depression but not in analgesia? ### Response:
While buprenorphine's analgesic effect increased significantly, respiratory depression was similar in magnitude and timing for the two doses tested. We conclude that over the dose range tested buprenorphine displays ceiling in respiratory effect but none in analgesic effect.
### Instruction: Does inosine reduce microcirculatory disturbance and inflammatory organ damage in experimental acute pancreatitis in rats? ### Response:
Prophylactic inosine reduces microcirculatory and pancreatic injury in acute necrotizing pancreatitis. These effects should be assessed in the clinical setting of ERCP and pancreas transplantation.
### Instruction: Does neutrophil depletion -- but not prevention of Kupffer cell activation -- decrease the severity of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis? ### Response:
Our results confirm the role of activated neutrophils in aggravating organ injury in acute pancreatitis while the role of Kupffer cell activation is less obvious.
### Instruction: Is p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinases required for counteraction of 2-methoxyestradiol to estradiol-stimulated cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cells via phosphorylation Bcl-2? ### Response:
Our data suggest that 2ME2 inhibits E2-stimulated proliferation and induces apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cells. Furthermore, activation of p38 and phosphorylation of Bcl-2 plays a critical role in the mechanism. 2ME2 therefore, may have a clinical application for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
### Instruction: Does continuous positive airway pressure therapy lower vagal tone in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea syndrome? ### Response:
The indices that reflect parasympathetic activity are increased during the night in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome. CPAP treatment reduces the night time vagal indices of HRV to resemble those of normal controls. The reduction of parasympathetic activity may be one of the mechanisms responsible for the alleviation of bradyarrhythmic episodes following the initiation of CPAP therapy.
### Instruction: Is hypermethylation of the TSLC1/IGSF4 promoter associated with tobacco smoking and a poor prognosis in primary nonsmall cell lung carcinoma? ### Response:
TSLC1/IGSF4 methylation is associated with tobacco smoking and could be an indicator of poor prognosis.
### Instruction: Is hPV-induced carcinogenesis of the uterine cervix associated with reduced serum ATRA level? ### Response:
All these results suggest that the serum ATRA level highly influences the progression of cervical lesions to invasive cancer and can be therefore aimed as a marker for progression in combination with HPV-16/18, which helps to enhance the modalities of therapy towards cost effectiveness.
### Instruction: Is chronic myocardial infarction a substrate for bradycardia-induced spontaneous tachyarrhythmias and sudden death in conscious animals? ### Response:
The combination of MI and bradycardia secondary to AV node ablation in sheep produces a higher incidence of VT than bradycardia alone, suggesting that this preparation can serve as a model for the study of VT and sudden cardiac death.
### Instruction: Does biventricular pacing have an advantage over left ventricular epicardial pacing alone to minimize proarrhythmic perturbation of repolarization? ### Response:
LV(epi)P causes much greater increase in spatial dispersion of ventricular repolarization than BiVP in CHF patients. BiVP may have a substantial advantage over LV(epi)P to minimize the proarrhythmic perturbation of ventricular repolarization in association with CRT.
### Instruction: Does mixing bone graft with OP-1 improve cup or stem fixation in revision surgery of the hip : 5-year follow-up of 10 acetabular and 11 femoral study cases and 40 control cases? ### Response:
The sample size and study design in our evaluation did not allow any firm conclusions. Absence of any trend to improved fixation and early revisions in the study group prompted us to stop recruitment to this study.