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### Instruction:
Does preoperative low molecular weight heparin reduce heparin responsiveness during cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| Prolonged preoperative LMWH therapy, similar to the known effect of prolonged unfractionated heparin infusion, reduces subsequent intraoperative response to heparin. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Hyperbaric oxygen improve long-term learning-memory deficits and brain injury in neonatal rat with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage ]?
### Response:
| Single HBO (2.5 ATA, 1.5 h) can significantly improve long-term learning-memory deficits and attenuate brain injury in rats with hypoxia-ischemia brain damage. |
### Instruction:
Do botulinum toxin type a injections into the trigone to treat idiopathic overactive bladder induce vesicoureteral reflux?
### Response:
| Botulinum toxin A injection into the trigone does not induce de novo vesicoureteral reflux in patients with nonneurogenic overactive bladder. The therapeutic value of this approach remains to be confirmed and compared to other injection designs. |
### Instruction:
Do fOXP3+ regulatory T cells affect the development and progression of hepatocarcinogenesis?
### Response:
| Tregs play a role in controlling the immune response to HCC during the progression of hepatocarcinogenesis. It has been suggested that primary hepatic cancers develop in liver that is immunosuppressed by a marked infiltration of Tregs. A high prevalence of Tregs infiltrating HCC is thought to be an unfavorable prognostic indicator. |
### Instruction:
Does adipocyte enhancer-binding protein 1 modulate adiposity and energy homeostasis?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that AEBP1 negatively regulates adipose tissue PTEN levels, in conjunction with its role in proliferation and differentiation of pre-adipocytes, as a key functional role in modulation of in vivo adiposity. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic tachygastrial electrical stimulation reduce food intake in dogs?
### Response:
| TES at the distal antrum results in a significant reduction in food intake in dogs, and this inhibitory effect is probably attributed to TES-induced reduction in proximal gastric tone, gastric accommodation, antral contractility, and gastric emptying. These data suggest a therapeutic potential of the specific method of TES for obesity. |
### Instruction:
Does lack of NF-kappaB1 ( p105/p50 ) attenuate unloading-induced downregulation of PPARalpha and PPARalpha-regulated gene expression in rodent heart?
### Response:
| The IKKbeta/p65/p50 pathway is activated in the unloaded rodent heart and a likely regulator for the downregulation of PPARalpha and PPARalpha-regulated gene expression. |
### Instruction:
Is waist-to-hip ratio associated with pulmonary gas exchange in the morbidly obese?
### Response:
| Morbidly obese men showed a trend to have poorer pulmonary gas exchange compared to morbidly obese women, and a significant part of the blood gas status in these patients is associated with the W/H ratio. |
### Instruction:
Does lung function accurately predict hypercapnia in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy?
### Response:
| Lung function is useful to predict nocturnal hypercapnia in patients with DMD. Moreover, VC < 680 mL is very sensitive to predict daytime hypercapnia. |
### Instruction:
Does visual recognition memory differentiate dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson 's disease dementia?
### Response:
| Despite global similarities in cognitive performances between DLB and PDD patients, we observed important differences: in particular, DMS-48, a test of visual object recognition memory and visual storage capacity, was poorer in DLB patients. |
### Instruction:
Do second lumbrical muscle recordings improve localization in severe carpal tunnel syndrome?
### Response:
| Second lumbrical recordings improve localization in many patients with severe CTS when routine median sensory and motor conduction studies produce no potentials. |
### Instruction:
Is digoxin transport by renal proximal tubule cells enhanced by adhesive synthetic RGD peptide?
### Response:
| Under initial and confluent conditions, immobilized cell density in Pronectin F-coated wells was higher than that under other conditions. Transepithelial electrical resistance and digoxin transport activity on Pronectin F-coated membranes were the highest of all conditions. This might have been caused by uniform cell morphology and high cell density. |
### Instruction:
Do plasma resistin levels correlate with determinants of the metabolic syndrome?
### Response:
| Plasma resistin levels are increased in presence of the metabolic syndrome and are associated with increased cardiovascular risk. |
### Instruction:
Is endoscopic treatment with stabilized nonanimal hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel effective in vesicoureteral reflux associated with bladder dysfunction?
### Response:
| Endoscopic treatment with stabilized nonanimal hyaluronic acid/dextranomer gel appears to be similarly effective in patients with vesicoureteral reflux with and without bladder dysfunction. These data indicate that bladder dysfunction should not be considered a contraindication to endoscopic treatment for reflux. |
### Instruction:
Does dysfunction of reward processing correlate with alcohol craving in detoxified alcoholics?
### Response:
| These results suggest that mesolimbic activation in alcoholics is biased towards processing of alcohol cues. This might explain why alcoholics find it particularly difficult to focus on conventional reward cues and engage in alternative rewarding activities. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin K2 supplementation improve hip bone geometry and bone strength indices in postmenopausal women?
### Response:
| Vitamin K(2) helps maintaining bone strength at the site of the femoral neck in postmenopausal women by improving BMC and FNW, whereas it has little effect on DXA-BMD. |
### Instruction:
Does human herpesvirus 6B inhibit cell proliferation by a p53-independent pathway?
### Response:
| HHV-6B infection inhibited host cell proliferation concomitantly with p53 accumulation, but importantly the block in cell cycle occurred by a pathway independent of p53. |
### Instruction:
Are both long-term HIV infection and highly active antiretroviral therapy independent risk factors for early carotid atherosclerosis?
### Response:
| HIV infection and HAART are independent risk factors for early carotid atherosclerosis. Assuming a risk ratio similar to that in large population-based cohorts, the observed IMT elevation suggests that vascular risk is 4-14% greater and the "vascular age" 4-5 years higher in HIV-positive subjects. The underlying mechanisms remain to be clarified. |
### Instruction:
Does liposomal gene transfer of keratinocyte growth factor improve wound healing by altering growth factor and collagen expression?
### Response:
| Exogenous administered KGF cDNA causes increases in IGF-I, IGF-BP3, FGF, and collagen IV and decreases TGF-beta concentration. KGF gene transfer accelerates wound healing without causing an increase in collagen I or III. |
### Instruction:
Are genotypes and haplotypes of the VEGF gene associated with higher mortality and lower VEGF plasma levels in patients with ARDS?
### Response:
| VEGF polymorphisms may contribute to the prognosis and inter-individual variations in circulating VEGF levels in patients with ARDS. |
### Instruction:
Does rTMS reveal premotor cortex dysfunction in frontal lobe epilepsy?
### Response:
| These results show that the functional connectivity between premotor and motor cortex or motor cortex interneuronal excitability is impaired in the epileptogenic hemisphere in frontal lobe epilepsy while it is normal in the nonepileptogenic hemisphere. |
### Instruction:
Does gene expression analysis in human osteoblasts exposed to dexamethasone identify altered developmental pathways as putative drivers of osteoporosis?
### Response:
| The WNT pathway is a key regulator of skeletogenesis as well as differentiation of bone cells. Reactivation of this pathway may lead to altered osteoblast activity resulting in decreased bone mineral density, the pathological hallmark of osteoporosis. The data herein lend weight to the hypothesis that alterations in developmental pathways drive the initiation and progression of osteoporosis. |
### Instruction:
Does quantum dot-induced cell death involve Fas upregulation and lipid peroxidation in human neuroblastoma cells?
### Response:
| QD core and surface compositions, as well as QD stability, all influence nanoparticle internalization and the consequent cytotoxicity. Cadmium telluride QD-induced toxicity involves the upregulation of the Fas receptor and lipid peroxidation, leading to impaired neuroblastoma cell functions. Further improvements of nanoparticles and our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of QD-toxicity are critical for the development of new nanotherapeutics or diagnostics in nano-oncology. |
### Instruction:
Does the relationship between serum prostate specific antigen level and tumor volume persist in the current era?
### Response:
| Although the relationship between serum prostate specific antigen and tumor volume decreased from early treatment years to recent years, the association remained at a significant level. In recent years noncancerous prostate tissue volume had the most significant association with prostate specific antigen. |
### Instruction:
Does a heated humidifier reduce laryngo- pharyngeal complaints after brief laryngeal mask anesthesia?
### Response:
| Active warming and humidification of inspired gases has no clinically appreciable effect in reducing the incidence and severity of laryngo-pharyngeal complaints after brief (<two hours) LMA anesthesia. |
### Instruction:
Does androgen deprivation therapy impact cause-specific or overall survival in high-risk prostate cancer managed with brachytherapy and supplemental external beam?
### Response:
| The ADT improved 10-year bPFS without statistical impact on CSS or OS. Death as a result of cardiovascular/pulmonary disease and second malignancies were more than twice as common as prostate cancer deaths. Strategies to improve cardiovascular health should positively impact OS. |
### Instruction:
Does mannose-binding lectin deficiency increase the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity?
### Response:
| Mannose-binding lectin deficiency does not increase the risk of H. pylori infection. The finding in one population that greater mannose-binding lectin activity might predispose to infection, suggests that this study should be repeated in other large cohorts of normal subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does rosuvastatin improve basal nitric oxide activity of the renal vasculature in patients with hypercholesterolemia?
### Response:
| Treatment with rosuvastatin improved basal NOS activity in the renal circulation of hypercholesterolemic patients, suggestive of a nephroprotective effect. In view of the close relation between altered renal function and cardiovascular events, these nephroprotective effects may contribute to the improved CV prognosis associated with statin treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does the laryngeal mask airway prevent supraglottic leak during ventilation through an uncuffed cricothyroidotomy?
### Response:
| In a patient with postoperative macroglossia in a 'cannot intubate-cannot ventilate' situation, effective oxygenation was restored by insertion of an uncuffed cricothyroidotomy, but ventilation was affected by a substantial supraglottic leak. A new strategy using an inflated laryngeal mask airway with an occluded connector was utilized to successfully terminate the supraglottic leak, thereby restoring effective lung ventilation. |
### Instruction:
Does preoxygenation with the Mapleson D system require higher oxygen flows than Mapleson A or circle systems?
### Response:
| When using the Mapleson A and the circle systems for preoxygenation, an oxygen flow rate of 5 L.min-1 can adequately preoxygenate the patient within three minutes, while an oxygen flow of 10 L.min-1 is required to achieve a similar fractional end-tidal O2 concentration with the Mapleson D system. |
### Instruction:
Is cXCL1 a negative regulator of mast cell chemotaxis to airway smooth muscle cell products in vitro?
### Response:
| CXCL1 was a major factor regulating MC chemotaxis in vitro. Its differential release by ASM cells may explain the differences observed in MC localization to the ASM of people with and without asthma. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated serum interleukin-18 level associated with all-cause mortality in stable hemodialysis patients independently of cardiac dysfunction?
### Response:
| Hemodialysis patients with high IL-18 levels tend to have worse LV systolic function and higher mortality rate. However, elevated serum IL-18 level is predictive of poor prognosis among stable hemodialysis patients, independently of LV dysfunction. This suggests an additional value of IL-18 to echocardiographic study in predicting all-cause mortality, and IL-18 may be helpful in early risk stratification of hemodialysis patients. |
### Instruction:
Does incorporation of arsenic trioxide in induction therapy improve survival of patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukaemia?
### Response:
| The addition of ATO in the induction regimen was associated with an improved overall outcome for patients with de novo APL, with rather low relapse rate and better long-term survival. |
### Instruction:
Do volatile compounds of Salvadora persica inhibit the growth of oral Candida species?
### Response:
| Volatile compounds of S. persica have antifungal activity against oral Candida species. Storage time after harvesting may play an important role for the strength of this antifungal activity. |
### Instruction:
Do transport properties of pancreatic cancer describe gemcitabine delivery and response?
### Response:
| Gemcitabine incorporation into tumor DNA is highly variable and correlates with multiscale transport properties that can be derived from routine CT scans. Furthermore, pretherapy CT-derived properties correlate with clinically relevant endpoints. |
### Instruction:
Do frequencies of circulating IL-17-producing CD4+CD161+ T cells and CD4+CD161+ T cells correlate with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| These results support the hypothesis that Th17 cells are involved in the pathogenesis of RA and suggest that circulating CD4+CD161+ T cells are a potential biomarker of RA disease activity. |
### Instruction:
Does integrin β3 mediate cerebrovascular remodelling through Src/ClC-3 volume-regulated Cl ( - ) channel signalling pathway?
### Response:
| Integrin β3 mediates cerebrovascular remodelling during hypertension via Src/ClC-3 signalling pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does aortic pulse wave velocity predict mortality in chronic kidney disease stages 2-4?
### Response:
| These results provide the first direct evidence that in patients with CKD stage 2-4, increased aortic stiffness determined by aPWV is a strong independent predictor of all-cause mortality. |
### Instruction:
Do angiotensin II receptor type 1 autoantibodies promote endothelial microparticles formation through activating p38 MAPK pathway?
### Response:
| Our findings showed that circulating EMPs levels positively correlate to the serum AT1-AA titres in essential hypertension patients. The AT1-AA could promote EMPs generation in HUVECs through activation of P38 MAPK signalling pathway, and this effect could be effectively inhibited by losartan or p38 inhibitor. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may be more suitable for AT1-AA(+) hypertensive patients on account of suppressing the AT1-AA's stimulation effect on EMPs generation. |
### Instruction:
Does rapamycin attenuate endothelial apoptosis induced by low shear stress via mTOR and sestrin1 related redox regulation?
### Response:
| Rapamycin may prohibit sestrin1 downregulation through targeting mTORC2 in appeasing LSS induced EC oxidative apoptosis. Our results provide the in vitro evidence to explain the pathophysiology of RES stented arteries. |
### Instruction:
Does caffeine mediate sustained inactivation of breast cancer-associated myofibroblasts via up-regulation of tumor suppressor genes?
### Response:
| The present findings provide a proof of principle that breast cancer myofibroblasts can be inactivated, and thereby caffeine may provide a safe and effective prevention against breast tumor growth/recurrence through inhibition of the procarcinogenic effects of active stromal fibroblasts. |
### Instruction:
Are team structure and culture associated with lower burnout in primary care?
### Response:
| Fostering team culture may be an important strategy to protect against exhaustion in primary care and enhance the benefit of tight team structures. |
### Instruction:
Does retinoic acid receptor stimulation ameliorate experimental autoimmune optic neuritis?
### Response:
| These findings demonstrate that all-trans retinoic acid and Am80 treatment were able to reduce the severity of optic neuritis in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Activation of retinoic acid receptor-α/β may be a molecular target for the treatment of autoimmune optic neuritis induced by Th1 or Th17-dominated immune responses. |
### Instruction:
Does the Sirt1 activator SRT3025 provide atheroprotection in Apoe-/- mice by reducing hepatic Pcsk9 secretion and enhancing Ldlr expression?
### Response:
| We identify reduction in Pcsk9 secretion as a novel effect of Sirt1 activity and uncover Ldlr as a prerequisite for Sirt1-mediated atheroprotection in mice. Pharmacological activation of Sirt1 appears promising to be tested in patients for its effects on plasma Pcsk9, LDL-cholesterol, and atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does treatment with brain natriuretic peptide prevent the development of cardiac dysfunction in obese diabetic db/db mice?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that chronic BNP treatment at low dose improves the metabolic profile and prevents the development of myocardial dysfunction in db/db mice. |
### Instruction:
Do microRNA gene polymorphisms and environmental factors increase patient susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma?
### Response:
| These results suggest that a significant association exists between miRNA499 SNPs and hepatocellular carcinoma. Gene-environment interactions of miRNA499 polymorphisms, smoking, and alcohol consumption might alter hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility. |
### Instruction:
Does pDE-5 inhibition improve skin flap viability in rats that are exposed to nicotine?
### Response:
| PDE-5 inhibition exhibits a dose-dependent reduction in skin flap necrosis in rats exposed to nicotine. This suggests that PDE-5 inhibition may mitigate the ill effects of smoking on skin flaps. |
### Instruction:
Is nF-κB activated from endosomal compartments in antiphospholipid antibodies-treated human monocytes?
### Response:
| We show that TLR2 and its co-receptors, TLR1 and TLR6, contribute to the pathogenicity of aPLA, that aPLA are internalized via clathrin- and CD14-dependent endocytosis and that endocytosis is required for NF-κB activation. Our results contribute to a better understanding of the APS and provide a possible therapeutic approach. |
### Instruction:
Does sweet food improve chronic stress-induced irritable bowel syndrome-like symptoms in rats?
### Response:
| These results suggest that concurrent sweet food ingestion during CVS might have an effect on the reduction of stress-induced colonic hyper-motility and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in rats. |
### Instruction:
Is andrographolide sodium bisulfate-induced apoptosis and autophagy in human proximal tubular endothelial cells a ROS-mediated pathway?
### Response:
| The data show that ASB induces high levels of ROS generation in HK-2 cells and activates JNK signaling. Furthermore, ASB induces cell apoptosis via the caspase-dependent mitochondrial pathway, and induces cellular autophagy, in part by enhancing Beclin-1 protein expression. |
### Instruction:
Is atopy in children with systemic onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis ( SoJIA ) associated with a worse outcome?
### Response:
| Atopy may exert an adverse influence on SoJIA, as patients with atopy had a more active disease at diagnosis and poorer outcome. This prospective study showed that the TH1/TH2 hypothesis was too simplistic to explain the interaction between atopy and SoJIA. |
### Instruction:
Do n-methyl-D-aspartate receptors amplify activation and aggregation of human platelets?
### Response:
| Our results support an active role for NMDARs in platelets, in a process that involves activation-dependent receptor relocation towards the platelet surface. |
### Instruction:
Does the risk of HIV transmission within HIV-1 sero-discordant couples appear to vary across sub-Saharan Africa?
### Response:
| Empirical measures from cohort studies appear to underestimate HIV infectiousness in SSA. The risk of HIV transmission among SDCs appears also to vary across SSA, and this may have contributed to the contrasting HIV epidemic trajectories in this continent. |
### Instruction:
Is jAK2/STAT5/Bcl-xL signalling essential for erythropoietin-mediated protection against apoptosis induced in PC12 cells by the amyloid β-peptide Aβ25-35?
### Response:
| EPO protected PC12 cells against Aβ25-35 -induced neurotoxicity. Activation of JAK2/STAT5/Bcl-xL pathway was important in EPO-mediated neuroprotection. EPO may serve as a novel protective agent against Aβ25-35 -induced cytotoxicity in, for instance, Alzheimer's disease. |
### Instruction:
Does incidental mediastinal dose explain low mediastinal node recurrence rates in patients with early-stage NSCLC treated with stereotactic body radiotherapy?
### Response:
| Low mediastinal recurrence rates in stage I NSCLC treated with SBRT validates the omission of staging mediastinoscopy. The low incidental dose to MLNSs does not seem to explain the low mediastinal recurrence in the majority of patients. Our findings also confirm that prophylactic radiation to the mediastinum is not necessary and support the hypothesis that local ablation of the primary lesion could indirectly affect subclinical nodal disease through unknown mechanisms. |
### Instruction:
Are molecular abnormalities of the B cell in systemic lupus erythematosus candidates for functional inhibition treatments?
### Response:
| Attempts to target the B cell in SLE have been made through depletion, blocking of survival factors and co-receptor inhibition. However, the still unmet need for effective therapy of refractory disease makes the necessity for new drugs impelling. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated miR-29a expression correlated with disease activity index in PBMCs of patients with ankylosing spondylitis?
### Response:
| We report for the first time elevated miR-29a expression in PBMCs of patients with ankylosing spondylitis, and miR-29a might be used as a useful diagnostic marker in new bone formation but cannot reflect disease activity. |
### Instruction:
Are alcohol-induced respiratory symptoms common in patients with aspirin exacerbated respiratory disease?
### Response:
| Alcohol ingestion causes respiratory reactions in the majority of patients with AERD, and clinicians should be aware that these alcohol-induced reactions are significantly more common in AERD than in controls who are aspirin tolerant. |
### Instruction:
Is silica exposure associated with an increased risk of developing ACPA-positive rheumatoid arthritis in an Asian population : evidence from the Malaysian MyEIRA case-control study?
### Response:
| Our data demonstrate that exposure to both silica and cigarette smoke comprise risks for developing RA in the Malaysian genetic context. The findings expand a link between environmental lung exposures and ACPA-positive RA to Asian populations. |
### Instruction:
Does acute intravenous injection of serelaxin ( recombinant human relaxin-2 ) cause rapid and sustained bradykinin-mediated vasorelaxation?
### Response:
| Our data show that a bolus intravenous injection of serelaxin modulates endothelial vasodilator function 3 hours after administration, an effect that was sustained for 24 hours. The prolonged bradykinin-mediated vasorelaxation is principally mediated through prostacyclin. |
### Instruction:
Does harm reduction behaviors among young polysubstance users at rave?
### Response:
| This study provides empirical information that may be useful for harm reduction intervention in a hidden and hard-to-reach population like rave attendees. The results point to the need to inform and increase harm reduction behavior specifically aimed at polysubstance use by ravers, especially among more frequent users. Future directions for research are also suggested. |
### Instruction:
Do periostin levels correlate with disease severity and chronicity in patients with atopic dermatitis?
### Response:
| Periostin may play a critical role in disease severity and chronicity in the pathogenesis of AD. |
### Instruction:
Are extensive dysregulations of oligodendrocytic and astrocytic connexins associated with disease progression in an amyotrophic lateral sclerosis mouse model?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that oligodendrocytic and astrocytic GJ proteins in the anterior horns of spinal cord in mSOD1-Tg mice are profoundly affected at the disease-progressive and end stages, where disruption of GJs among glial cells may exacerbate motor neuronal death. |
### Instruction:
Do illness representations predict adherence in adolescents and young adults with type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| Illness representations are salient predictors of adherence in this population. Interventions targeting adherence promotion and glycemic control in AYAs with type 1 diabetes may be enhanced by efforts to modify illness representations. |
### Instruction:
Is oxytocin secretion related to measures of energy homeostasis in young amenorrheic athletes?
### Response:
| In AA, oxytocin secretion is associated with measures of energy availability and expenditure, suggesting that oxytocin may be involved in regulation of energy balance in energy deficient states. Further studies determining the role of oxytocin in appetite and energy homeostasis in athletes are warranted. |
### Instruction:
Are issues of survivorship rarely addressed during intensive care unit stays . Baseline results from a statewide quality improvement collaborative?
### Response:
| Despite growing awareness of the problems faced by ICU survivors, in this statewide quality improvement collaborative, hospital-based support groups are rarely available, and deficiencies in transitions of care exist. Practice innovations and formal research are needed to provide ways to translate awareness of the problems of survivorship into improved outcomes for patients. |
### Instruction:
Is respiratory severity score on day of life 30 predictive of mortality and the length of mechanical ventilation in premature infants with protracted ventilation?
### Response:
| RSS ≥ 6 on day of life 30 is associated with higher mortality and longer period of mechanical ventilation in premature infants requiring mechanical ventilation through 30 days of life. |
### Instruction:
Is the relationship of the anti-oxidant bilirubin with free thyroxine modified by insulin resistance in euthyroid subjects?
### Response:
| Low bilirubin relates to low free T4 in euthyroid non-diabetic subjects. Low normal free T4 may particularly confer low bilirubin in more insulin resistant individuals. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous midazolam dose range in older patients sedated for oral surgery -- a preliminary retrospective cohort study?
### Response:
| Our study found a correlation between the age of the patient and the dose of midazolam required for sedation before oral surgery procedures, with, on average, older patients requiring less midazolam. A range of doses are required in any age group, but the range decreases as age increases. |
### Instruction:
Does aberrant gene expression in mucosa adjacent to tumor reveal a molecular crosstalk in colon cancer?
### Response:
| The systems-level approach provides new insights into the micro-ecology of colorectal tumorogenesis. Disrupting this intricate molecular network of cell-cell communication and pro-inflammatory microenvironment could be a therapeutic target in CRC patients. |
### Instruction:
Is minimal invasive aortic valve replacement surgery associated with improved survival : a propensity-matched comparison?
### Response:
| MIS AVR is associated with very good early and long-term survival, despite longer myocardial ischaemic times. MIS AVR can be performed safely with results that are at least equivalent to those achieved through an FS. |
### Instruction:
Do patients with old age or proximal tumors benefit from metabolic syndrome in early stage gastric cancer?
### Response:
| Metabolic syndrome was associated with a better tumor cell differentiation in patients with early stage gastric cancer. Moreover, metabolic syndrome was a significant and independent predictor for better survival in patients with old age or proximal tumors. |
### Instruction:
Does delivery room management of extremely low birthweight infants show marked geographical variations in Italy?
### Response:
| In Italy, delivery room management of ELBW infants showed marked geographical variations. Implementation of national training programmes could increase adherence to the guidelines and reduce such discordance. |
### Instruction:
Is blood eosinophil count a useful biomarker to identify patients with severe eosinophilic asthma?
### Response:
| A single measurement of 150/μl or greater predicted the average of subsequent measurements being 150/μl or greater in 85% of this population. Using an average of multiple measurements only marginally increases the sensitivity. Sputum eosinophils did not predict treatment response with mepolizumab. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Men with breast cancer have increased risk of other cancers ]?
### Response:
| Male breast cancer frequently occurs in a context of family history of breast cancer. Its diagnosis must lead to the screening of prostate cancer especially in young men with family history. |
### Instruction:
Do cardiac surgery nurse practitioner home visits prevent coronary artery bypass graft readmissions?
### Response:
| A home transition program providing continuity of care, communication hub, and medication management by treating hospital nurse practitioners significantly reduced the 30-day composite end point of readmission/death after CABG. More targeted resource allocation based on odds ratios of readmission may further improve results and be applicable to other patient groups. |
### Instruction:
Is hDL lipid composition profoundly altered in patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic vascular disease?
### Response:
| Patients with D⁺CVD⁻ and D⁺CVD⁺ are characterized by a severe, graded enrichment of oxidized fatty acids on HDL. In the present study, a loss of HDL function (as estimated by the HDL oxidant index) is observed only in patients with more advanced atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does biofilm growth have a threshold response to glucose in vitro?
### Response:
| Increased biofilm growth by S aureus and S epidermidis has a threshold response at clinically important concentrations. |
### Instruction:
Is pre-hospital electrocardiogram triage with tele-cardiology support associated with shorter time-to-balloon and higher rates of timely reperfusion even in rural areas : data from the Bari- Barletta/Andria/Trani public emergency medical service 118 registry on primary angioplasty in ST-elevation myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Pre-hospital triage with tele-cardiology ECG in an EMS registry from an area with more than one and a half million inhabitants was associated with shorter time-to-balloon and higher rates of timely treated patients, even in 'rural' areas. |
### Instruction:
Does aza-deoxycytidine induce apoptosis or differentiation via DNMT3B and targets embryonal carcinoma cells but not their differentiated derivatives?
### Response:
| Our finding suggests that DNMT3B acts as an antiapoptotic gene in teratocarcinoma stem cells, and mediates apoptosis and differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells induced by Aza-dC, and that Aza-dC specifically induces apoptosis of teratocarcinoma stem cells. |
### Instruction:
Does mR pulse wave velocity increase with age faster in the thoracic aorta than in the abdominal aorta?
### Response:
| The thoracic aorta is less stiff than the abdominal aorta in young and middle-aged subjects, and stiffens more rapidly with age than the abdominal aorta, resulting in a stiffer thoracic than abdominal aorta at older age. |
### Instruction:
Does sex specific event-related potential ( ERP ) correlate of depression in schizophrenia?
### Response:
| Results suggest that temporally distinct pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in depression in men compared to women, at least in the context of schizophrenia. |
### Instruction:
Is extended release naltrexone injection performed in the majority of opioid dependent patients receiving outpatient induction : a very low dose naltrexone and buprenorphine open label trial?
### Response:
| Outpatient transition to XR-NTX combining upward titration of very low dose naltrexone with downward titration of low dose buprenorphine was safe, well tolerated, and completed by most participants. Further studies with larger numbers of subjects are needed to see if this approach is useful for naltrexone induction. |
### Instruction:
Are ex-smokers happier than current smokers among Chinese adults in Hong Kong?
### Response:
| Ex-smokers in Hong Kong are happier than current smokers and never smokers, whose happiness measurements are similar. Causal associations have yet to be established. |
### Instruction:
Are serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-21 increased in chronic and acute renal dysfunction?
### Response:
| We demonstrate that circulating FGF-21 is increased in both CKD and AKD. Our results suggest renal excretion as a major route for FGF-21 elimination. The pathophysiological significance of these findings needs to be elucidated in more detail. |
### Instruction:
Does frequency of energy drink use predict illicit prescription stimulant use?
### Response:
| Results indicate that the frequency of ED use is a significant predictor of the illicit use of prescription stimulants. All prescription stimulant users with or without a valid script also used EDs. This finding is important to practitioners because of the harmful interactions (eg, serotonin syndrome) that can occur when ED ingredients (eg, ginseng, yohimbine, evodamine, etc) are mixed with prescription stimulants. |
### Instruction:
Is rapid shedding of proinflammatory microparticles by human mononuclear cells exposed to cigarette smoke dependent on Ca2+ mobilization?
### Response:
| Exposure of mononuclear cells to cigarette smoke extract causes a rapid shedding of microparticles with a proinflammatory potential that might add to the mechanisms of disease from tobacco use. |
### Instruction:
Do survival analyses correlate stanniocalcin 2 overexpression to poor prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinomas?
### Response:
| STC2 overexpression correlates to poor prognosis for NPC and may be useful as a novel biomarker to predict NPC responses to radiation. Whether STC2 promotes NPC progression and metastasis remains to be investigated. |
### Instruction:
Does administration of IL-1ra improve adiponectin levels in chronic hemodialysis patients?
### Response:
| Short-term administration of IL-1ra significantly increased adiponectin levels among prevalent MHD patients. The intervention did not impact insulin sensitivity parameters. Studies of longer duration and larger sample size are needed to further evaluate the potential effect of anti-inflammatory interventions on metabolic markers and insulin sensitivity in MHD patients. |
### Instruction:
Are high left atrial pressures associated with advanced electroanatomical remodeling of left atrium and independent predictors for clinical recurrence of atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation?
### Response:
| Elevated LAP was closely associated with electroanatomical remodeling of the LA and was an independent predictor for recurrence after AF ablation. PV diastolic flow velocity and E/Em can be used as a noninvasive parameter predicting high LAPpeak(SR) in patients with AF. |
### Instruction:
Does cognitive behavioral therapy in combination with systemic family therapy improve mild to moderate postpartum depression?
### Response:
| CBT in combination with SFT can improve depression and sleep quality in patients with mild to moderate postpartum depression. |
### Instruction:
Does resveratrol inhibit phenotypic switching of neointimal vascular smooth muscle cells after balloon injury through blockade of Notch pathway?
### Response:
| The results indicate that RSV can attenuate phenotypic switching of VSMCs after arterial injury through inhibition of the Notch pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is healthcare improvement incomplete until it is published : the cystic fibrosis initiative to support scholarly publication?
### Response:
| A formal initiative to develop and support scholarly writing-while resource-intensive-offers opportunities for wider publication by healthcare improvement professionals. |
### Instruction:
Do adhesion molecule CD146 and its soluble form correlate well with carotid atherosclerosis and plaque instability?
### Response:
| Adhesion molecules CD146 and its soluble form strongly correlated with the development of inflammation of atherosclerosis and plaque instability. CD146 may be a promising biomarker for monitoring the development and instability of atherosclerotic plaque in patients with carotid diseases. |
### Instruction:
Do serum thioredoxin reductase levels increase in response to chemically induced acute liver injury?
### Response:
| Serum TrxR levels are robustly elevated in mouse models of chemically induced liver injury. |
### Instruction:
Do eMMPRIN/CD147-encriched membrane vesicles released from malignant human testicular germ cells increase MMP production through tumor-stroma interaction?
### Response:
| The data presented show that the more aggressive embryonic carcinoma cells synthesize more EMMPRIN than seminoma cells, but which they preferentially target to secreted MVs, unlike seminoma cells which retain EMMPRIN within the cell membrane. This cellular event points to a mechanism by which EMMPRIN expressed by malignant testicular cells can exert its MMP inducing effect on distant cells within the tumor microenvironment to promote tumor invasion. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Matrix-mediated cell behaviour and properties. |
### Instruction:
Is dipM required for peptidoglycan hydrolysis during chloroplast division?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the regulation of peptidoglycan splitting was essential for chloroplast division in the early evolution of chloroplasts and this activity is likely still involved in chloroplast division in Viridiplantae. |
### Instruction:
Does obesity-induced hyperleptinemia improve survival and immune response in a murine model of sepsis?
### Response:
| Relative hyperleptinemia of class 1 obesity or induced by treatment is protective in sepsis. Leptin seems to play a regulatory role in the immune system in sepsis, and treatment of relative hypoleptinemia could offer a new way of an individual sepsis therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is intermediate-term graft loss after renal transplantation associated with both donor-specific antibody and acute rejection?
### Response:
| Development of dDSA was associated with an increased incidence of graft loss, yet the detrimental effect of dDSA was limited in the intermediate term to recipients with AR. |
### Instruction:
Does interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 regulate endothelial lumen formation during angiogenesis?
### Response:
| IFITM1 is essential for the formation of functional blood vessels and stabilizes EC-EC interactions during endothelial lumen formation by regulating tight junction assembly. |
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