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### Instruction:
Is the mitochondrial ATPase6 gene more susceptible to mutation than the ATPase8 gene in breast cancer patients?
### Response:
| Our results showed that the ATPase6 gene is more susceptible to variations in breast cancer and may play an important role in tumorigenesis by changing the energy metabolism level in cancer cells. |
### Instruction:
Does curcuma longa ( curcumin ) decrease in vivo cisplatin-induced ototoxicity through heme oxygenase-1 induction?
### Response:
| This preclinical study demonstrates that systemic curcumin attenuates ototoxicity and provides molecular evidence for a role of HO-1 as an additional mediator in attenuating cisplatin-induced damage. |
### Instruction:
Are pre-treatment metabolic tumor volume and total lesion glycolysis useful prognostic factors for esophageal squamous cell cancer patients?
### Response:
| Pre-treatment MTV and TLG are useful prognostic factors in non- surgical ESC. |
### Instruction:
Is higher Ki67 expression associates with unfavorable prognostic factors and shorter survival in breast cancer?
### Response:
| High Ki67 expression is associated with ER negativity, Her2 positivity, higher grade and axillary lymph node involvement in breast cancers. The level of Ki67 expression is a prognostic factor predicting relapse-free and overall survival in breast cancer patients. |
### Instruction:
Are malignant pleural effusion supernatants substitutes for metastatic pleural tumor tissues in EGFR mutation test in patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| The high concordance of EGFR mutation statuses between MPEs and MPTTs in lung adenocarcinoma patients with pleural metastasis as determined by ARMS analysis suggests that MPEs, particularly MPE supernatants, may be substitutes for MPTTs in EGFR mutation test. |
### Instruction:
Are sonic hedgehog-expressing basal cells general post-mitotic precursors of functional taste receptor cells?
### Response:
| Shh+ cells are not stem cells, but are post-mitotic, immediate precursors of taste cells. Shh+ cells differentiate into each of the three taste cell types, and the choice of a specific taste cell fate is regulated to maintain the proper ratio within buds. |
### Instruction:
Are rectal microRNAs perturbed in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease of the colon?
### Response:
| This study has demonstrated that rectal and serum microRNAs are perturbed in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease. Future studies identifying targets of inflammatory bowel disease-associated microRNAs may lead to novel therapies. |
### Instruction:
Do anthropometrics Identify Wasting in Patients Undergoing Surgery for Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis?
### Response:
| Our findings demonstrate the poor nutrition status of patients admitted for EPS surgical intervention. Anthropometrics reveal depleted fat and lean body mass in EPS patients, which might be a result of anorexia and inflammation, and the reason that albumin was not an accurate marker of nutrition. Poor nutrition status is likely to negatively affect outcome in this patient group. ♦ |
### Instruction:
Is prognostic value of serum von Willebrand factor , but not soluble ICAM and VCAM , for mortality and cardiovascular events independent of residual renal function in peritoneal dialysis patients?
### Response:
| The prognostic value of vWf, but not sICAM, is independent of RRF in predicting mortality and CV events. |
### Instruction:
Does intraperitoneal fluid overestimate hydration status assessment by bioimpedance spectroscopy?
### Response:
| Fluid overload is overestimated by BIS when performed in patients with dialysate in the peritoneum. The observed differences are greater in younger, more poorly nourished, or less overhydrated patients. If more precise results are required, we suggest that the abdomen be drained before BIS is performed. |
### Instruction:
Does urotensin II induce interleukin 8 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells?
### Response:
| The results show that U-II induces IL-8 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling pathways and IL-8 is involved in the U-II-induced proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. |
### Instruction:
Do resource utilization and end-of-life care in a US hospital following medical emergency team-implemented resuscitate orders?
### Response:
| Despite high mortality, patients with medical emergency team-implemented do not resuscitate orders had a relatively low utilization of end-of-life resources, including palliative care consultation and home hospice services. Coordinated care between medical emergency teams and inpatient palliative care services may help to improve end-of-life care. |
### Instruction:
Does oat-enriched diet reduce inflammatory status assessed by circulating cell-derived microparticle concentrations in type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| OAT improved risk factors assessed by MP status, even in subjects with type 2 diabetes already well-controlled by diet and life-style alone. |
### Instruction:
Does iL-17 induce an expanded range of downstream genes in reconstituted human epidermis model?
### Response:
| The genes identified in IL-17-treated RHE are likely relevant to the IL-17 effects in psoriasis, since ixekizumab (anti-IL-17A agent) strongly suppressed the "RHE" genes in psoriasis patients treated in vivo with this IL-17 antagonist. |
### Instruction:
Do obese hypertensive men have plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein similar to that of obese normotensive men?
### Response:
| Obese hypertensive men, matched for anthropometric measurements, have plasma CRP concentrations similar to those of obese normotensive men. |
### Instruction:
Is prevention of arterial stiffening by using low-dose atorvastatin in diabetes associated with decreased malondialdehyde?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that low-dose atorvastatin might protect diabetic vasculature against diabetes-associated deterioration in aorta stiffness and cardiac hypertrophy, possibly through its decrease of lipid oxidation-derived malondialdehyde. |
### Instruction:
Does hemoglobin level influence tumor response and survival after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Pretherapeutic hemoglobin levels can influence responses and survival after nCRT for ESCC. Thus, hemoglobin levels can serve as a useful marker for tailoring optimal therapies for individual patients with advanced ESCC. |
### Instruction:
Is extracapsular lymph node involvement associated with colorectal liver metastases and impact outcome after hepatectomy for colorectal metastases?
### Response:
| In patients with hepatic CRC metastases, ECI in regional LNs reflects a particularly aggressive behavior, such as a greater number of liver metastases. In CRC patients with liver metastases, ECI in regional LNs might be correlated with poor prognosis following liver resection. |
### Instruction:
Is increased expression of SHP-1 associated with local recurrence after radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
### Response:
| SHP-1 appears to be associated with radiation resistance of NPC cells and can be considered as a candidate marker for prognosis and/or therapeutic target in patients with this type of cancer. |
### Instruction:
Do examination of spectral timbre cues and musical instrument identification in cochlear implant recipients?
### Response:
| CI recipients are able to detect small modifications in spectral timbre cues which are in turn associated with changes in loudness and pitch. Variations of spectral centroid have a larger impact on loudness and pitch perception than variations of spectral irregularity. Music listening behaviour prior to onset of deafness is significantly associated with musical instrument identification. |
### Instruction:
Does career influence among final year dental students who plan to enter private practice?
### Response:
| Since the 1970s, increasing numbers of dentists in the U.S. have pursued specialty training after dental school. However, rising educational debts may counter this trend as increasing numbers of dentists choose to immediately pursue general dentistry at graduation. This project has demonstrated the significant influence of educational debt, beyond other external influences. |
### Instruction:
Does transglutaminase 2 inhibitor abrogate renal cell carcinoma in xenograft models?
### Response:
| TGase 2 inhibitor GK921 abrogates RCC growth in xenograft tumor models, suggesting the possibility of a new therapeutic approach to RCC. |
### Instruction:
Does the transcription factor CREB have no non-redundant functions in hepatic glucose metabolism in mice?
### Response:
| Our data show that CREB has no non-redundant functions in hepatic glucose metabolism, and is therefore not likely to be a useful target for the development of glucose-lowering drugs. |
### Instruction:
Is vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis an early trigger for hypothyroid atherosclerosis?
### Response:
| These findings provide an in vivo example for VSMC apoptosis as an early trigger of hypothyroidism-associated atherosclerosis, and reveal activation of TRα1 receptors to prevent VSMC apoptosis as a therapeutic strategy in this disease. |
### Instruction:
Does butyrate impair atherogenesis by reducing plaque inflammation and vulnerability and decreasing NFκB activation?
### Response:
| Oral butyrate is able to slow the progression of atherosclerosis by reducing adhesion and migration of macrophages and increasing plaque stability. These actions are linked to the reduction of CD36 in macrophages and endothelial cells, decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines and lower activation of NFκB all of these data support a possible role for butyrate as an atheroprotective agent. |
### Instruction:
Does carotid artery elasticity decrease during pregnancy - the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study?
### Response:
| The present study revealed that carotid artery elasticity declined towards the end of the pregnancy; this neither is straight correlating with maternal hyperlipidemia or the diameter of the carotid artery nor is it associated with changes in endothelial function. |
### Instruction:
Does microtubule disorganization affect the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in cardiac myocytes?
### Response:
| Disruption of the MT network by nocodazole might destroy the MT-mitochondria connection and alter mitochondrial function. MT disorganization by paclitaxel could regulate mPTP through the outer mitochondrial membrane complex and the Ca(2+)-sensitive signaling pathway, which also interacts with the mitochondrial fusion protein, mitofusin-2. |
### Instruction:
Does chloride intracellular channel 1 regulate colon cancer cell migration and invasion through ROS/ERK pathway?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that CLIC1 protein is involved in the metastasis of colon cancer LOVO cells via regulating the ROS/ERK pathway in the H-R process. |
### Instruction:
Is tNFα but not IL-17 critical in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis spontaneously occurring in a unique FcγRIIB-deficient mouse model?
### Response:
| TNFα is indispensable while IL-17 is dispensable in the pathogenesis of RA in KO1 mice. In this model, TNFα may contribute to the development of arthritis, through mediating the increase in frequencies of osteoclast precursors in circulation and their migration into the joints, and the decrease in OPG expression, leading to the up-regulated osteoclastogenesis associated with severe cartilage and bone destruction. |
### Instruction:
Is a gene-specific non-enhancer sequence critical for expression from the promoter of the small heat shock protein gene αB-crystallin?
### Response:
| These data suggest that gene-specific sequences such as the GPS, identified here, may have critical roles in regulating gene-specific activity from eukaryotic promoters. |
### Instruction:
Does calreticulin protect rat microvascular endothelial cells against microwave radiation-induced injury by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress?
### Response:
| Exogenous CRT attenuates MR-induced ER stress-related apoptosis by suppressing CHOP-mediated apoptotic signaling pathways in MMECs. |
### Instruction:
Does modification of the Lund-Kennedy endoscopic scoring system improve its reliability and correlation with patient-reported outcome measures?
### Response:
| Modification of the LK system by excluding the subscores of scarring and crusting improves its reliability and its correlation with PROMs. In addition, the MLK system retains the familiarity of the widely used LK system and is applicable to any patient irrespective of surgical status. The MLK system may be a more suitable and reliable endoscopic scoring system for clinical practice and outcomes research. |
### Instruction:
Does radiation-inducible HtrA2 gene enhance radiosensitivity of uveal melanoma OCM-1 cells in vitro and in vivo?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that radiation-inducible gene therapy may have potential to be a more effective and specific therapy for uveal melanoma because the therapeutic gene can be spatially or temporally controlled by exogenous radiation. |
### Instruction:
Is the frequency of alcohol consumption associated with the stroke mortality?
### Response:
| This study shows a strong association between the frequency of alcohol consumption and stroke mortality, independent of total amount of alcohol consumption. The risk of stroke death was the highest among men who consumed alcohol >2.5 times per week. |
### Instruction:
Does high-intensity interval training alter ATP pathway flux during maximal muscle contractions in humans?
### Response:
| These alterations to muscle ATP production in vivo indicate that brief, maximal contractions are performed with increased support of oxidative ATP synthesis and relatively less contribution from anaerobic ATP production following training. These results extend previous reports of molecular and cellular adaptations to HIT and show that 6 training sessions are sufficient to alter in vivo muscle energetics, which likely contributes to increased exercise capacity after short-term HIT. |
### Instruction:
Is lower air temperature associated with ambulance transports and death in Takamatsu area , Japan?
### Response:
| Although higher air temperature was only associated with higher ambulance transports, lower air temperature was associated with both higher ambulance transports and the number death in Takamatsu area, Japan. |
### Instruction:
Do an intricate network of conserved DNA upstream motifs and associated transcription factors regulate the expression of uromodulin gene?
### Response:
| Our findings will form a map for understanding the regulation of uromodulin expression in health and disease. |
### Instruction:
Does nitrite therapy improve left ventricular function during heart failure via restoration of nitric oxide-mediated cytoprotective signaling?
### Response:
| These results support the emerging concept that nitrite therapy may be a viable clinical option for increasing NO levels and may have a practical clinical use in the treatment of heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Is pathological impact of hepatitis B virus surface proteins on the liver associated with the host genetic background?
### Response:
| Extent of liver injury, fibrosis, and tumour development induced by hepatic HBV surface protein expression considerably depends on host genetic background. |
### Instruction:
Does transcriptomic profile reveal gender-specific molecular mechanisms driving multiple sclerosis progression?
### Response:
| The interpretation of the modules of the coexpression network suggests that Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation of B cells happens in MS relapses; however, qPCR expression data of the viral genes supports that hypothesis only in female patients, reinforcing the notion that different molecular processes drive disease progression in females and males. Besides, we propose that the "primed" state showed by neutrophils in women is an endogenous control mechanism triggered to keep EBV reactivation under control through vitamin B12 physiology. Finally, our results also point towards an important sex-specific role of non-coding RNA in MS. |
### Instruction:
Does negative pressure wound therapy decrease mortality in a murine model of burn-wound sepsis involving Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection?
### Response:
| Our data indicate that NPWT inhibits the invasion and proliferation of P. aeruginosa in burn-wounded tissue and decreases early mortality in a murine model of burn-wound sepsis. These therapeutic benefits likely result from the ability of NPWT to decrease bacterial proliferation on the wound surface, reduce cytokine serum concentrations, and prevent damage to internal organs. |
### Instruction:
Are thyroid antibodies associated with stenotic lesions in the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery?
### Response:
| In young and middle-aged patients, a lesion in the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery was associated with elevated thyroid antibody levels and increased thyroid function. Stenoses found in the terminal portion of the internal carotid artery and immune-mediated thyroid diseases may share a common background. |
### Instruction:
Do i Collect Therefore I am -- Autonoetic Consciousness and Hoarding in Asperger Syndrome?
### Response:
| People with Asperger syndrome can have problems in developing a functional sense of self. Collecting and hoarding behaviour by people with Asperger syndrome may reflect such underlying difficulties in their sense of self rather than being symptoms of comorbid mental illness. Interventions need to take account of the function of such behaviours rather than solely regarding them as discrete pathological signs. |
### Instruction:
Is the protein expression profile of meningioma cells associated with distinct cytogenetic tumour subgroups?
### Response:
| Here we show that the protein expression profile of individual meningioma cells is closely associated with tumour cytogenetics, which may reflect the involvement of different signalling pathways in the distinct cytogenetic subgroups of meningiomas, with specific immunophenotypic profiles also translating into a different tumour clinical behaviour. |
### Instruction:
Are serum levels of omentin altered in drug-naive patients with major depression : a pilot study?
### Response:
| This is the first investigation of omentin levels in patients with MDD. The hypothesis that circulating omentin levels would be different in depressed patients than in healthy controls is not supported by our data. |
### Instruction:
Does next generation sequencing with copy number variant detection expand the phenotypic spectrum of HSD17B4-deficiency?
### Response:
| Our case expands the phenotypic spectrum of HSD17B4-deficiency, representing the first male case reported with infertility. Furthermore, it points to crosstalk between mitochondria and peroxisomes in HSD17B4-deficiency and Perrault syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Does excision of Mullerian duct remnant for persistent Mullerian duct syndrome provide favorable short- and mid-term outcomes?
### Response:
| Excision of MDR is technically feasible, and provides favorable outcomes in cases of a single operation. For experienced surgeons, immediate reconstruction should be the priority when this abnormality is incidentally encountered at an age suitable for orchiopexy. |
### Instruction:
Does noninvasive fractional flow on MRA predict stroke risk of intracranial stenosis?
### Response:
| Fractional flow assessed by TOF-MRA SIR may be a useful noninvasive tool to identify high-risk intracranial lesions. |
### Instruction:
Does rituximab modulate IL-17 expression in the salivary glands of patients with primary Sjögren 's syndrome?
### Response:
| RTX acts on pSS patients by globally reducing the expression of IL-17 and specifically inducing a pronounced apoptotic depletion of mast cells. |
### Instruction:
Do three-dimensional pulmonary perfusion MRI with radial ultrashort echo time and spatial-temporal constrained reconstruction?
### Response:
| The proposed method is promising for fast and flexible 3D pulmonary perfusion imaging. Magn Reson |
### Instruction:
Does prophylactic sildenafil citrate improve select aspects of sexual function in men treated with radiotherapy for prostate cancer?
### Response:
| Daily sildenafil citrate during and after radiotherapy for prostate cancer was associated with improved overall sexual function compared with placebo for various sexual function domains. To our knowledge this is the largest randomized, prospective, controlled trial to show the usefulness of a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor as a rehabilitation strategy in patients with prostate cancer who received radiation therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is area level deprivation an independent determinant of prevalent type 2 diabetes and obesity at the national level in Germany . Results from the National Telephone Health Interview Surveys 'German Health Update ' GEDA 2009 and 2010?
### Response:
| Area level deprivation is an independent, important determinant of T2DM and obesity prevalence in Germany. Identifying and targeting specific area-based risk factors should be considered an essential public health issue relevant to increasing the effectiveness of diabetes and obesity prevention. |
### Instruction:
Does silencing of ETS1 reverse adriamycin resistance in MCF-7/ADR cells via downregulation of MDR1?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that drug resistance can be effectively reversed in adriamycin-resistant breast carcinoma cells through delivery of siRNAs targeting ETS1. |
### Instruction:
Do previous coronary stents increase early and long-term adverse outcomes in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting : a propensity-matched comparison?
### Response:
| Previous coronary stents do not increase early and long-term morbidity or mortality in patients undergoing off-pump CABG. |
### Instruction:
Is graft patency after off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery inferior even with identical heparinization protocols : results from the Danish On-pump Versus Off-pump Randomization Study ( DOORS )?
### Response:
| Despite comparable heparinization, graft patency after off-pump surgery was inferior to that after on-pump surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic competitive flow from a patent arterial or venous graft to the circumflex system impair the long-term patency of internal thoracic artery to left anterior descending grafts in patients with isolated predivisional left main disease : long-term angiographic results of 2 different revascularization strategies?
### Response:
| In patients with IOSLM, long-term ITA to left anterior descending artery patency is not jeopardized by chronic flow competition from a concomitant arterial or venous graft to the circumflex system. Notably, the addition of a second ITA graft or of a SV to the first ITA does not lead to differences in long-term angiographic patency. Our results minimize the role of flow competition in this setting and should be kept in mind when choosing the appropriate graft configuration. |
### Instruction:
Does probucol suppress macrophage infiltration and MMP expression in atherosclerotic plaques of WHHL rabbits?
### Response:
| These results suggest that probucol treatment may have beneficial effects on the plaque stability of hypercholesterolemic patients. |
### Instruction:
Do β Mangostin suppress LPS-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 macrophages in vitro and carrageenan-induced peritonitis in vivo?
### Response:
| The current study supports the traditional use of Garcinia mangostana fruit hull for treatment of inflammatory conditions. In addition, it is clear that the anti-inflammatory efficacy of this plant is not limited to the presence of α and γ, but β also with significant activity. |
### Instruction:
Is genetic variant in MTRR , but not MTR , associated with risk of congenital heart disease : an integrated meta-analysis?
### Response:
| This meta-analysis demonstrated a suggestive result that the A66G variant in MTRR, but not the A2756G in MTR, may be associated with the increase of CHD risks. |
### Instruction:
Is diaphragm dysfunction in heart failure accompanied by increases in neutral sphingomyelinase activity and ceramide content?
### Response:
| Our major novel finding was that diaphragm dysfunction in CHF rats was accompanied by higher diaphragm neutral SMase activity, which is expected to cause the observed increase in diaphragm ceramide content. |
### Instruction:
Does iCAM-2 regulate vascular permeability and N-cadherin localization through ezrin-radixin-moesin ( ERM ) proteins and Rac-1 signalling?
### Response:
| These results indicate that ICAM-2 regulates endothelial barrier function and permeability through a pathway involving N-Cadherin, ERMs and Rac-1. |
### Instruction:
Does c-reactive protein concentration predict change in body mass index during childhood?
### Response:
| We found evidence of a role for low-grade inflammation in predicting annual BAZ gain among children aged >5 years. |
### Instruction:
Do the attitude of Iranian nurses about resuscitate orders?
### Response:
| Iranian nurses, regardless of their religious sects, reported negative attitude towards many aspects of DNR orders. It may be possible to change the attitude of Iranian nurses towards DNR through education. |
### Instruction:
Does overexpression of OLC1 promote tumorigenesis of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Our study provides strong evidence suggesting OLC1 abnormalities may contribute to the development of human ESCC and have some important clinical significance. |
### Instruction:
Does extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field influence the survival and proliferation effect of human adipose derived stem cells?
### Response:
| Our results show that between 0.5 m and 1 mT ELF-EMF could be enhances survival and PE of hADSCs conserving the duration of exposure. |
### Instruction:
Is polyphenol intake in elderly people associated with lipid oxidative damage?
### Response:
| This study represents one of the few attempts to date to evaluate the impact of phenol intake on oxidative damage. Flavonoids intake must be promoted to reduce the negative health effects of oxidative stress in elderly people. |
### Instruction:
Is nutritional status in sick children and adolescents accurately reflected by BMI-SDS?
### Response:
| Using BMI-SDS to determine nutritional status in a sick population is not considered an appropriate clinical tool for identifying individual underweight or overweight children or adolescents. However, BMI-SDS may be appropriate for longitudinal measurements or for screening purposes in large field studies. When accurate nutritional status classification of a sick patient is needed for clinical purposes, nutritional status will be assessed more accurately using methods that accurately measure %BF, such as DXA. |
### Instruction:
Is duration of the pre-diagnostic interval in medulloblastoma subgroup dependent?
### Response:
| The duration of the pre-diagnostic interval in childhood medulloblastoma is highly subgroup dependent, further highlighting the clinical heterogeneity and biological relevance of the four principle subgroups of medulloblastoma. |
### Instruction:
Is genetic variation in genes encoding airway epithelial potassium channels associated with chronic rhinosinusitis in a pediatric population?
### Response:
| We have implicated two airway epithelial potassium channels as novel susceptibility loci in contributing to the pathogenesis of CRS. |
### Instruction:
Is magnitude of efficacy measurements in grass allergy immunotherapy trials highly dependent on pollen exposure?
### Response:
| In seasonal allergy trials with grass SLIT-tablet, the observed treatment effect is highly dependent on pollen exposure with the magnitude being greater with higher pollen exposure. This is an important relationship to consider when interpreting individual clinical trial results. |
### Instruction:
Does hypoxia-conditioned media allow species-specific attraction of bone marrow stromal cells without need for recombinant proteins?
### Response:
| Generation of HCM is easy and cheap compared to preparation and purification of protein fractions and/or recombinant proteins. Hence, HCM could be applied in large animals (e.g. sheep, horse, dogs) for attraction of BMSCs into tissue defects caused by tumor resection or trauma. |
### Instruction:
Does the chicken egg and skull model of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery improve trainee drilling skills?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that this training method could be adequate for acquiring eETSS techniques. Although experts showed superior endoscopic manipulation, residents may also be able to acquire adequate endoscopic skills through further training, and our training method appears to offer an effective means of improving eETSS techniques. |
### Instruction:
Does air-oxidized linalool elicit eczema in allergic patients - a repeated open application test study?
### Response:
| Repeated exposure to low concentrations of oxidized linalool can elicit allergic contact dermatitis in previously sensitized individuals. |
### Instruction:
Does botulinum toxin a decrease calf pain or improve ROM during limb lengthening : a randomized trial?
### Response:
| Local injection of 200 IU BtX-A at the human calf muscle does not appear to reduce calf pain or help enhance ROM of the knee and ankle during tibial lengthening. However, the small sample size provided sufficient power to detect only relatively large clinical effects; future, larger trials will be needed to determine whether smaller differences are present. |
### Instruction:
Do neutral lipid stores and lipase PNPLA5 contribute to autophagosome biogenesis?
### Response:
| Lipid droplets contribute to autophagic capacity by enhancing it in a process dependent on PNPLA5. Thus, neutral lipid stores are mobilized during autophagy to support autophagic membrane formation. |
### Instruction:
Do three clinically distinct chronic pediatric airway infections share a common core microbiota?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that these clinically distinct chronic airway infections share common early core microbiota, which are likely shaped by natural aspiration and impaired clearance of the same airway microbes, but that disease-specific characteristics select for divergent microbiota by adulthood. Longitudinal and interventional studies will be required to define the relationships between microbiota, treatments, and disease progression. |
### Instruction:
Does monoamine oxidase A suppress hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis by inhibiting the adrenergic system and its transactivation of EGFR signaling?
### Response:
| Taken together, the results of our study may provide insights into the application of MAOA as a novel predictor of clinical outcomes and indicate that increasing MAOA expression or enzyme activity may be a new approach that can be used for HCC treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does exometabolome analysis reveal hypoxia at the up-scaling of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae high-cell density fed-batch biopharmaceutical process?
### Response:
| An optimized S. cerevisiae fermentation process was successfully scaled-up to an industrial scale bioreactor. The oxygen uptake rate (OUR) and overall growth profiles were matched between scales. The major remaining differences between scales were wet cell weight and culture apparent viscosity. The metabolic and physiological behavior of the host microorganism at the 10,000 L scale was investigated with exometabolomics, indicating that reduced oxygen availability affected oxidative phosphorylation cascading into down- and up-stream pathways producing overflow metabolism. Our study revealed striking metabolic and physiological changes in response to hypoxia exerted by industrial bioprocess up-scaling. |
### Instruction:
Does the impact of CHIP premium increase on insurance outcomes among CHIP eligible children?
### Response:
| When faced with higher CHIP premiums, private health insurance may be a preferable alternative for CHIP eligible families with higher incomes. Therefore, competition in the insurance exchanges being formed under the Affordable Care Act could enhance choice. |
### Instruction:
Does in vivo imaging of mice infected with bioluminescent Trypanosoma cruzi unveil novel sites of infection?
### Response:
| Bioluminescence imaging is accurate for tracking parasites in vivo, and this methodology is important to gain a better understanding of the infection, tissue inflammation, and parasite biology regarding host cell interaction, proliferation, and parasite clearance to subpatent levels. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary protein content affect isotopic carbon and nitrogen turnover?
### Response:
| The renewal times of organs and excreta depend on the dietary protein content. Hence, isotopic diet reconstruction is confronted with variation in half-lives within the same organ or excrement, altering the time window through which information can be perceived. |
### Instruction:
Does deglycosylation induce extensive dynamics changes in α-amylase revealed by hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry?
### Response:
| The overall exchange rate is reduced in the glycosylated state, which indicates rigidity enhancement due to the attached carbohydrates. |
### Instruction:
Does movement demands of elite rugby league players during Australian National Rugby League and European Super League match?
### Response:
| NRL players have better maintenance of high-speed running between the first and second halves of matches and perform less low- and moderate-speed activity, indicating that the NRL provides a higher standard of rugby league competition than the SL. |
### Instruction:
Do retinoid X receptor agonists inhibit hypertension-induced myocardial hypertrophy by modulating LKB1/AMPK/p70S6K signaling pathway?
### Response:
| RXR agonists prevent the inhibition of the LKB1/AMPK/p70S6K pathway and regulate protein synthesis to reduce LVH. This antihypertrophic effect of bexarotene is independent of blood pressure. |
### Instruction:
Is trait impulsivity associated with the risk of falls in Parkinson 's disease?
### Response:
| This is the first evidence that impulsivity, in particular in the attentional domain, is related to fall risk in PD. |
### Instruction:
Is brugada syndrome ECG highly prevalent in schizophrenia?
### Response:
| Brugada-ECG has increased prevalence among patients with schizophrenia. This association is not explained by the use of sodium channel-blocking medication. |
### Instruction:
Is a novel trafficking-defective HCN4 mutation associated with early-onset atrial fibrillation?
### Response:
| Our findings are consistent with HCN4 haploinsufficiency as the likely mechanism for early-onset AF in the p.Pro257Ser carrier. |
### Instruction:
Does high expression of protein tyrosine kinase 7 significantly associate with invasiveness and poor prognosis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma?
### Response:
| PTK7 expression plays an important role in the invasiveness of ICC cells and leads to a poor prognosis in ICC patients. Thus, PTK7 can be used as a prognostic indicator, and the inhibition of PTK7 expression could be a new therapeutic target for ICC. |
### Instruction:
Does totally thoracoscopic repair of atrial septal defect reduce systemic inflammatory reaction and myocardial damage in initial patients?
### Response:
| Thoracoscopic cardiac surgery is technically feasible and safe, with less trauma and quicker recovery even when done by a surgeon newly introduced to the technique. |
### Instruction:
Is restless legs syndrome related to obstructive sleep apnea symptoms during pregnancy?
### Response:
| Increasing awareness of restless legs syndrome among obstetricians is essential as it might be related to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome, which is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Retropupillary iris claw intraocular lens implantation technique for aphakia ]?
### Response:
| The retropupillary implantation of iris claw intraocular lenses is an interesting and especially time-effective rehabilitation technique for aphakia. |
### Instruction:
Is microvascular glycocalyx dimension estimated by automated SDF imaging related to cardiovascular disease?
### Response:
| Microcirculatory EG dimension, as estimated by automated SDF imaging, is not associated with CVD, suggesting that this technique may not contribute to cardiovascular risk stratification. |
### Instruction:
Is normal saline to dilute parenteral drugs and to keep catheters open a major and preventable source of hypernatremia acquired in the intensive care unit?
### Response:
| High sodium input by 0.9% saline used to dilute drugs and keep catheters open is a modifiable risk factor for ICU-acquired H. Dissolving drugs in dextrose 5% may partially prevent potentially harmful sodium overloading and H. |
### Instruction:
Does mR imaging of the substantia nigra at 7 T enable diagnosis of Parkinson disease?
### Response:
| MR imaging at 7-T allows a precise characterization of the SN and visualization of its inner organization. Three-dimensional multiecho susceptibility-weighted images can be used to accurately differentiate healthy subjects from PD patients, which provides a novel diagnostic opportunity. |
### Instruction:
Does serine threonine kinase Pim-3 regulate STAT3 pathway to inhibit proliferation of human liver cancers?
### Response:
| Pim-3 shRNA may down-regulate pSTAT3(Tyr705) and pBad(Ser112) protein expression to inhibit the proliferation of liver cancer cells and Pim-3 may serve as a target for the treatment of liver cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does counselor-assisted problem solving improve caregiver efficacy following adolescent brain injury?
### Response:
| Findings support the potential utility of counselor-supported Web-based interventions particularly for individuals with limited computer expertise following adolescent TBI. |
### Instruction:
Does zinc transporter-1 concentrate at the postsynaptic density of hippocampal synapses?
### Response:
| Our study has identified ZnT1 as a novel postsynaptic density protein, and it may help elucidate the role of zinc homeostasis in synaptic function and disease. |
### Instruction:
Are circulating human microRNAs linked to JC polyomavirus serology or urinary viral load in healthy subjects?
### Response:
| This study could not identify circulating human miRNAs that were differentially expressed between plasma from JCPyV seropositive and JCPyV seronegative subjects or between JCPyV shedders and JCPyV non-shedders. |
### Instruction:
Do dental pulp polyps contain stem cells comparable to the normal dental pulps?
### Response:
| The cells isolated from pulp polyps fulfill minimal criteria needed for MSC definition; hence, it can be concluded that pulp polyps contain stem cells. Although pulp polyps are rare tissues in daily practice but when they are present, may serve as a possible new non-invasively acquired tissue resource of stem cells for affected patients. List of abbreviations: APC = allophycocyanin, BM = Bone Marrow, CFU-F = Colony Forming Unit Fibroblast, DPSC = Dental Pulp Stem Cell, FITC = fluorescein isothiocyanate, MNC = mononuclear cells, MSC = Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cell, PE = Phycoerythrin, PerCP = Peridinin chlorophyll protein, PPSC = Pulp Polyp Stem Cell. Key words:Adult stem cell, chronic hyperplastic pulpitis, dental pulp stem cell, pulp polyp. |
### Instruction:
Does zwolle risk score predict contrast-induced acute kidney injury in STEMI patients undergoing PCI?
### Response:
| Zwolle score predicts CI-AKI slightly better than the Mehran score in patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI. This simple score can be used at the catheterization laboratory for risk stratification for the development of CI-AKI. |
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