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### Instruction:
Does the alpha 7 nicotinic receptor agonist PHA-543613 hydrochloride inhibit Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced expression of interleukin-8 by oral keratinocytes?
### Response:
| These data suggest that α7nAChR plays a role in regulating the innate immune responses of oral keratinocytes. |
### Instruction:
Is the PAS positive material in gastric cancer cells of signet ring type mucin?
### Response:
| The lack of MUC protein and mRNA in signet ring tumour cells suggests the amorphous substance is not mucin. The lack of MUC mRNA expression in non-signet ring tumour cells questions exocrine differentiation in this tumour group. The abundant protein expression of the general neuroendocrine markers CgA and synaptophysin, and mRNA expression in tumour cells strengthens the hypothesis that this tumour group may be of neuroendocrine origin. |
### Instruction:
Does traumatic brain injury enhance neuroinflammation and lesion volume in caveolin deficient mice?
### Response:
| CCI caused astrocyte and microglial activation and hippocampal neuronal injury. Cav-1 and Cav-3 KO exhibited enhanced lesion volume and cytokine/chemokine production after CCI. These findings suggest that Cav isoforms may regulate neuroinflammatory responses and neuroprotection following TBI. |
### Instruction:
Do gut microbiota signatures predict host and microbiota responses to dietary interventions in obese individuals?
### Response:
| This proof-of-principle study introduces the first potential microbial biomarkers for dietary responsiveness in obese individuals with impaired metabolic health, and reveals the potential of microbiota signatures for personalized nutrition. |
### Instruction:
Is feet on the ground : Physical support of the inner retina a strong determinant for cell survival and structural preservation in vitro?
### Response:
| Providing physical support to the inner but not the outer retina appears to prevent the tissue collapse resulting from perturbation of the normal biomechanical milieu in the isolated retinal sheet. Using this novel paradigm, gliotic reactions are attenuated and metabolic processes vital for tissue health are preserved, which significantly increases neuronal cell survival. This finding opens up new avenues of adult retinal tissue culture research and increases our understanding of pathological reactions in biomechanically related conditions in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Do protein kinase C inhibitors sensitize GNAQ mutant uveal melanoma cells to ionizing radiation?
### Response:
| Our preclinical results suggest that combined modality treatment may allow for reductions in the total RT dose and/or fraction size, which may lead to better functional organ preservation in the treatment of primary GNAQ(mt) UM. These findings suggest future clinical trials combining PKC inhibitors with RT in GNAQ(mt) UM warrant consideration. |
### Instruction:
Does whole exome sequencing of a dominant retinitis pigmentosa family identify a novel deletion in PRPF31?
### Response:
| We have identified a novel 14-bp deletion in PRPF31 as the genetic driver of adRP in a large Mexican family that exhibits nonpenetrance and variable expressivity, known properties of this locus. However, our studies intimate the presence of additional loci that can modify PRPF31 expression. |
### Instruction:
Are age at diagnosis and C-peptide level associated with diabetic retinopathy in Chinese?
### Response:
| According to the results, postprandial C-peptide level and age at diabetes may be two independent associated factors with DR in Chinese type 2 diabetes. The lower level of postprandial C-peptide, the younger age at diagnosis, may indicate the higher prevalence of DR. |
### Instruction:
Does absence of interleukin 22 affect the oral microbiota and the progression of induced periapical lesions in murine teeth?
### Response:
| This study revealed differences in the composition of oral microbiota between mice that may be taken into account in the susceptibility to infections and development of periapical lesions. The absence of IL-22 in mice resulted in smaller periapical lesions with fewer osteoclasts at the final experimental period, suggesting the participation of IL-22 in the host immune and inflammatory response to a periradicular infection. |
### Instruction:
Does stress during first pregnancy increase seizure threshold in adult male offspring?
### Response:
| It is concluded that stress detrimental effects could be prevented by stress which was applied around first pregnancy; however this beneficial effect is weakened by before second pregnancy stress. |
### Instruction:
Does deficient phosphorylation of Stat1 in leukocytes identify neutralizing antibodies in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon-beta?
### Response:
| Based on this proof of concept study, we hypothesize that NAb effects can be monitored by evaluation of a single biomarker, pStat1, in either monocytes or T cells by phosphoflow directly after IFN-β administration. The method will significantly reduce cost relative to labor intensive in vitro methods and offers a patient-specific approach to NAb evaluation. |
### Instruction:
Does acute hypertriglyceridemia induce platelet hyperactivity that is not attenuated by insulin in polycystic ovary syndrome?
### Response:
| Acute hypertriglyceridemia induced IR, and increased platelet activation in both groups that was not reversed by insulin in PCOS subjects compared to controls. This suggests that platelet hyperactivity induced by acute hypertriglyceridemia and IR could contribute athero-thrombotic risk. |
### Instruction:
Does cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 augment interferon-β expression and antiviral activity induced by double-stranded RNA in keratinocytes?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that LL-37 augments the antiviral activity induced by dsRNA in keratinocytes, which may contribute to the innate immune response to cutaneous viral infections such as HS. |
### Instruction:
Is breakfast consumption frequency associated with grip strength in a population of healthy Japanese adults?
### Response:
| This cross-sectional study reveals a positive association between breakfast consumption frequency and muscle strength in apparently healthy adults. |
### Instruction:
Does high glucose level promote migration behavior of breast cancer cells through zinc and its transporters?
### Response:
| Zinc and its transporters, ZIP6 and ZIP10, are required for the motility stimulated with high glucose level. These findings provide the first evidence proposing the novel strategies for the diagnosis and therapy of breast cancer with hyperglycemia. |
### Instruction:
Does preprocedural red blood cell distribution width predict bare metal stent restenosis?
### Response:
| Increased preinterventional RDW significantly predicts bare metal stent restenosis and might represent a useful screening tool to stratify patients according to a higher or a lower risk of ISR after stent implantation in patients with stable and unstable angina pectoris. |
### Instruction:
Do low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations associate with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents independent of adiposity?
### Response:
| Lower s25(OH)D concentrations are significantly associated with NAFLD, independent of adiposity and IR. Screening for vitamin D deficiency in adolescents at risk of NAFLD is appropriate, and clinical trials investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD may be warranted. |
### Instruction:
Is no direct projection observed from the substantia nigra to the dorsal vagus complex in the rat?
### Response:
| This study is the first to demonstrate that neurons in the SN do not directly innervate the DVC in rats. The DVC might be indirectly innervated by the SN through the hypothalamus and/or the LC. These data provide important morphological insights into the potential mechanism underlying the gastroparesis observed in PD patients. |
### Instruction:
Is thoracoscopic lobectomy associated with improved short-term and equivalent oncological outcomes compared with open lobectomy for clinical Stage I non-small-cell lung cancer : a propensity-matched analysis of 963 cases?
### Response:
| Patients with clinical Stage I NSCLC undergoing VL have less perioperative morbidity compared with matched OL controls. Regional lymphadenectomy, nodal upstaging, overall and disease-free survival were similar between VL and OL groups. In experienced centres, VL is an acceptable operation for patients with c-stage I NSCLC. |
### Instruction:
Do liver myofibroblasts up-regulate monocyte CD163 expression via PGE2 during hepatitis B induced liver failure?
### Response:
| These results suggest that liver myofibroblasts play a direct role in regulating the expression of CD163 on monocytes in human liver tissues and thereby may regulate monocyte function during hepatitis B induced liver failure. |
### Instruction:
Does tGF-β prevent phosphate-induced osteogenesis through inhibition of BMP and Wnt/β-catenin pathways?
### Response:
| Full VSMC differentiation induced by TGF-β may not be achieved when extracellular phosphate levels are high. Moreover, TGF-β prevents high phosphate-induced osteogenesis by decreasing the nuclear translocation of Smad 1/5/8 and avoiding the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid intake during late pregnancy affect fatty acid composition of mature breast milk?
### Response:
| The maternal dietary docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid content during late pregnancy may affect the fatty acid composition of mature breast milk. Additionally, the maternal dietary intake of ω-3 to ω-6 fatty acid ratio, during late pregnancy and the postpartum period, can affect the polyunsaturated fatty acid composition of breast milk. |
### Instruction:
Does pancreatic T cell protein-tyrosine phosphatase deficiency ameliorate cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis?
### Response:
| These findings revealed a novel role for pancreatic TCPTP in the progression of cerulein-induced AP. |
### Instruction:
Is subcutaneous injection a simple and reproducible option to restore parathyroid function after total parathyroidectomy in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism?
### Response:
| Subcutaneous injection of parathyroid tissue is a feasible and simple alternative to the more commonly used method of surgical implantation. |
### Instruction:
Is high serum pentosidine but not esRAGE associated with prevalent fractures in type 1 diabetes independent of bone mineral density and glycaemic control?
### Response:
| The pentosidine levels but not BMD are independently associated with prevalent fractures. Impaired bone quality in T1D may result from increased AGE formation. |
### Instruction:
Does meconium microbiome analysis identify bacteria correlated with premature birth?
### Response:
| This provides the first evidence to support the hypothesis that the fetal intestinal microbiome derived from swallowed amniotic fluid may be involved in the inflammatory response that leads to premature birth. |
### Instruction:
Is α-Fetoprotein a potential survival predictor in hepatocellular carcinoma patients with hepatitis B selected for liver transplantation?
### Response:
| Up-to-Seven criteria may be more appropriately stratified by AFP, AST, and tumor differentiation, and AFP is a potential independent survival predictor in HBV-associated HCC patients selected for OLT. |
### Instruction:
Does melatonin treatment result in regression of endometriotic lesions in an ooferectomized rat endometriosis model?
### Response:
| Melatonin causes regression of the endometriotic lesions in rats and improvement in their histopathological scores. |
### Instruction:
Is vitamin D deficiency associated with inflammation in older Irish adults?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated significant associations between low vitamin D status and markers of inflammation (including the ratio of IL-6 to IL-10) within elderly adults. These findings suggest that an adequate vitamin D status may be required for optimal immune function, particularly within the older adult population. |
### Instruction:
Does medroxyprogesterone acetate enhance monocyte-endothelial interaction under flow conditions by stimulating the expression of cell adhesion molecules?
### Response:
| MPA increases cell adhesion molecule expression on HUVECs, causing increased numbers of monocytoid cells to adhere to HUVECs. These MPA effects may be a risk factor for atherogenesis on endothelial cells in postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is impaired vascular function in physically active premenopausal women with functional hypothalamic amenorrhea associated with low shear stress and increased vascular tone?
### Response:
| Acute dynamic exercise improves vascular function in ExFHA women. Although the role of estrogen deficiency per se is unclear, our findings suggest that low shear rate and increased vasoconstrictor tone may play a role in impaired basal vascular function in these women. |
### Instruction:
Is high maternal serum estradiol environment in the first trimester associated with the increased risk of small-for-gestational-age birth?
### Response:
| The maternal high-E2 environment in the first trimester is correlated with increased risks of LBW and SGA. Evaluation of serum E2 before ET should be adopted to reduce the possibility of high E2 exposure to gamete/embryo. |
### Instruction:
Are elevated blood levels of inflammation-related proteins associated with an attention problem at age 24 mo in extremely preterm infants?
### Response:
| Among children born extremely prematurely, recurrent, or persistent elevations of inflammation-related proteins in blood during in the first two postnatal weeks are associated with an attention problem at age 2 y. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin II-induced cardiovascular load regulate cardiac remodeling and related gene expression in late-gestation fetal sheep?
### Response:
| ANG II produces an increase in fetal cardiac mass via cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and likely hyperplasia, involving transcriptional responses in cytoskeletal remodeling and cell cycle pathways. |
### Instruction:
Is human papillomavirus prevalence high in oral samples of patients with tonsillar and base of tongue cancer?
### Response:
| In patients with suspected head neck cancer, HPV-positive oral samples, especially HPV16 with high signals, could be indicative of HPV-positive tonsillar or base of tongue cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is mediterranean diet associated on symptoms of depression and anxiety in patients with bronchiectasis?
### Response:
| The prevalence of elevated symptoms of depression and anxiety is high in patients with bronchiectasis and greater adherence to a Mediterranean diet is associated with a lower likelihood of having these symptoms, particularly for depression. |
### Instruction:
Do association between time of pay-for-performance for patients and community health services use by chronic patients?
### Response:
| Pay time for performance for patients was associated with CHS use by chronic patients. Patients receiving incentive prior to services were more likely to use standardized CHS. And pay time should not be ignored when the policy on pay-for-performance for patients is designed. |
### Instruction:
Is recruitment of HP1β to UVA-induced DNA lesions independent of radiation-induced changes in A-type lamins?
### Response:
| We conclude that only the 53BP1 status in DNA lesions, induced by UVA or γ-rays, is affected by A-type lamin deficiency, which was not observed for heterochromatin-related proteins HP1β and BMI1. |
### Instruction:
Does plasmin deficiency lead to fibrin accumulation and a compromised inflammatory response in the mouse brain?
### Response:
| Both plg(-/-) and tPA(-/-) mice exhibited brain parenchymal fibrin deposits that appear to result from reduced neurovascular integrity. Markers of neuronal health and inflammation were not significantly affected by proximity to the vascular lesions. A compromised neuroinflammatory response was also observed in plg(-/-) compared to WT mice following intrahippocampal LPS injection. These results demonstrate that fibrin does not affect neuronal health in the absence of inflammation and suggest that plasmin may be necessary for a normal neuroinflammatory response in the mouse CNS. |
### Instruction:
Does tanshinone II a protect against lipopolysaccharides-induced endothelial cell injury via Rho/Rho kinase pathway?
### Response:
| Tan II A exerted a strong protective effect on HUVECs, and the mechanism was caused, at least in part, by a blockade in the Rho/ROCK pathway, presumably through the down-regulation of ITG A5. |
### Instruction:
Do an analysis of the uncertainty and bias in DCE-MRI measurements using the spoiled gradient-recalled echo pulse sequence?
### Response:
| Current small-animal imaging systems and pulse sequences robust to motion artifacts have the capacity for reproducible quantitative acquisitions with DCE-MRI. In these circumstances, it is feasible to achieve a level of precision limited only by physiologic variability. |
### Instruction:
Does insulin induce drug resistance in melanoma through activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway?
### Response:
| Insulin attenuates the therapeutic efficacy of dacarbazine and PLX4720 in melanoma cells, which is mediated by activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and can be overcome by PI3K inhibitors. |
### Instruction:
Are highly-cited estimates of the cumulative incidence and recurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis inadequately documented?
### Response:
| It is apparent that these figures were inadequately documented and lacked supporting epidemiologic evidence. Population-based studies are needed to make reliable estimates of the lifetime risk of vulvovaginal candidiasis and the proportion of women who experience recurrent candidiasis. |
### Instruction:
Do preventive and remedial application of etanercept attenuate monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension?
### Response:
| Treatment with TNF-α antagonism ETN prevented and reversed MCT-induced PAH by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. Our results suggest a critical role of TNF-α and inflammation in MCT-induced PAH progression and targeting the inflammatory environment might be a potential means of PAH treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does conjugation to a SMAC mimetic potentiate sigma-2 ligand induced tumor cell death in ovarian cancer?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that coupling sigma-2 ligands to SMAC peptidomimetics enhances their effectiveness while maintaining the cancer selectivity. This encouraging proof-of-principle preclinical study supports further development of tumor-targeted small peptide mimetics via ligands to the sigma-2 receptor for future clinical applications. |
### Instruction:
Are calcium , phosphate and calcium phosphate product markers of outcome in patients with chronic heart failure?
### Response:
| Ca, Pi and CPP could be useful additional variables in determining risk in CHF patients. Further work is required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the adverse influence and determine whether lowering phosphate levels per se in CHF patients is of benefit. |
### Instruction:
Are abnormal platelet kinetics detected before the occurrence of thrombocytopaenia in HBV-related liver disease?
### Response:
| Abnormal platelet production, destruction and platelet-specific glycoproteins levels were detected before the occurrence of thrombocytopaenia in HBV-related liver disease, indicating that multiple mechanisms might play roles in thrombocytopaenia in HBV-infected patients. |
### Instruction:
Does mesenchymal cell interaction with ovarian cancer cells induce a background dependent pro-metastatic transcriptomic profile?
### Response:
| The contact with the mesenchymal niche increase metastatic initiation and expansion through cancer cells' transcriptome modification dependent of the cellular subtype. Personalized medicine strategy might benefit from network analysis revealing the subtype specific nodes to target to disrupt acquired pro-metastatic profile. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-32 increase human gastric cancer cell invasion associated with tumor progression and metastasis?
### Response:
| IL-32 contributes to gastric cancer progression by increasing the metastatic potential resulting from AKT, β-catenin, and HIF-1α activation. Our results clearly suggest that IL-32 is an important mediator for gastric cancer metastasis and independent prognostic predictor of gastric cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does decoy receptor 3 ( DcR3 ) overexpression predict the prognosis and pN2 in pancreatic head carcinoma?
### Response:
| We found that DcR3 was overexpressed in pancreatic head carcinoma. The patients with high DcR3 levels had higher pN2 stages than those with low DcR3 levels. Detecting serum DcR3 level preoperatively might be an additional approach for evaluating pN2 stage and guiding the range of lymphadenectomy. |
### Instruction:
Is sLC25A22 a novel gene for migrating partial seizures in infancy?
### Response:
| We have shown that MPSI can be inherited and have identified a novel homozygous mutation in SLC25A22 in the affected individuals. Our data strongly suggest that SLC25A22 is responsible for MPSI, a severe condition with few known etiologies. We have demonstrated that a combination of linkage analysis and whole exome sequencing can be used for disease gene discovery. Finally, as SLC25A22 had been implicated in the distinct syndrome of neonatal epilepsy with suppression bursts on electroencephalogram, we have expanded the phenotypic spectrum associated with SLC25A22. |
### Instruction:
Are tumor infiltrating lymphocytes prognostic in triple negative breast cancer and predictive for trastuzumab benefit in early breast cancer : results from the FinHER trial?
### Response:
| Higher levels of TILs present at diagnosis were significantly associated with decreased distant recurrence rates in primary TNBC. These results confirm our previous data and further support that TILs should be considered as a robust prognostic factor in this BC subtype. We also report for the first time an association between higher levels of TILs and increased trastuzumab benefit in HER2+ disease. Further research into why some TN and HER2+ BCs can or cannot generate a host antitumor immune response and how trastuzumab can favorably alter the immune microenvironment is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Does chromosomal instability portend superior response of rectal adenocarcinoma to chemoradiation therapy?
### Response:
| The results of the current study demonstrate that chromosomal instability is a favorable predictor of response to CRT in patients with locally invasive rectal adenocarcinoma. Therefore, the authors propose that downstream structural damage to chromosomes resulting from segregation errors potentiates the effect of DNA-damaging therapies and synergizes with deficiencies in the DNA repair machinery. This work identifies a novel mechanistic marker that foretells treatment response to CRT and suggests that concomitant targeting of whole-chromosome segregation and DNA repair may constitute an effective therapeutic strategy. |
### Instruction:
Is number of external anogenital warts associated with the occurrence of abnormal cervical cytology?
### Response:
| LSIL+ is prevalent among immunocompetent Thai women presenting with external AGWs, especially those with multiple lesions. |
### Instruction:
Does a 3-marker index improve the identification of iron disorders in CKD anaemia?
### Response:
| The combined TSAT-TIBC-ferritin index identifies hypotransferrinaemia and non-inflammatory functional ID as the major mechanisms of iron disorders in CKD anaemia. Both disorders were associated with a greater decrease in Hb when mGFR was <30 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Taking these iron profiles into account may be useful in stratifying patients in clinical trials of CKD anaemia and might improve the management of iron therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Overexpression of mouse IRF8 inhibit the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclast-like cells ]?
### Response:
| The recombinant adenovirus Ad-IRF8 was successfully constructed and the overexpression of IRF8 was also detected in RAW264.7 cells. The overexpressed IRF8 can effectively inhibit the differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into osteoclast-like cells. |
### Instruction:
Is cyr61 expression associated with prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| Our data confirmed that Cyr61 was expressed in colorectal cancers and the expression was correlated with worse prognosis of colorectal cancers. |
### Instruction:
Does trop-2-targeting tetrakis-ranpirnase have potent antitumor activity against triple-negative breast cancer?
### Response:
| A new class of immunoRNases was generated with enhanced potency for targeted therapy of cancer. The promising results from (Rap)2-E1-(Rap)2 and (Rap)2-E1*-(Rap)2 support their further investigation as a potential treatment option for TNBC and other Trop-2-expressing cancers. |
### Instruction:
Does activation of brain indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase contribute to epilepsy-associated depressive-like behavior in rats with chronic temporal lobe epilepsy?
### Response:
| Brain IDO1 activity plays a key role in epileptic rats with epilepsy-associated depressive-like behavior. |
### Instruction:
Is individual radiosensitivity in a breast cancer collective changed with the patients ' age?
### Response:
| In the breast cancer collective a distinct resistant and sensitive subgroup is identified, which could be subject for treatment adjustment. Preliminary results indicate that especially in the range of age 40 to 50 patients with an increased radiosensitivity are more frequent and may have an increased risk to suffer from therapy related side effects. |
### Instruction:
Is semen quality in HIV patients under stable antiretroviral therapy impaired compared to WHO 2010 reference values and on sperm proteome level?
### Response:
| This is the first study that compares all standard semen parameters in HIV positive patients under ART to WHO 2010 reference values. It provides evidence of impaired conventional semen parameters and altered sperm protein composition. Finally, HIV surrogate parameters are not suitable for predicting semen quality. |
### Instruction:
Is pulmonary embolism associated with current morphine treatment in patients with deep vein thrombosis?
### Response:
| The incidence of PE in DVT patients in Taiwan is associated with current morphine treatment (≤30 days) and is dependent on dosage. |
### Instruction:
Does isoflurane reduce hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis and mitochondrial permeability transition in rat primary cultured cardiocytes?
### Response:
| These data indicate that isoflurane has a protective effect on cardiocytes exposed to H/R by reducing excess ROS production, blocking open of MPTP and further reducing apoptosis. |
### Instruction:
Do women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss have evidence of an underlying prothrombotic state : experience with calibrated automated thrombography and rotational thromboelastometry?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that global coagulation assays provide no evidence of an underlying hypercoagulable state in women with unexplained RPL; this is in keeping with the results of recent randomised controlled trials and strengthens the evidence base against use of anticoagulants in this setting. |
### Instruction:
Does hemodiafiltration beneficially affect QT interval duration and dispersion compared to hemodialysis?
### Response:
| Our results suggest a beneficial effect of hemodiafiltration on the studied electrocardiographic parameters compared to hemodialysis. The larger decrease in the left atrial diameter suggests a more efficient intracardiac volume-decreasing potential of hemodiafiltration. |
### Instruction:
Is serum renalase related to catecholamine levels and renal function?
### Response:
| Serum levels of renalase are highly correlated with CA and both serum renalase levels and R/C ratios are related to renal function. |
### Instruction:
Is alexithymia associated with low level of vitamin D in young healthy adults?
### Response:
| These data suggest the association between disturbed emotional processing and low levels of vitamin D to be present in young healthy subjects. |
### Instruction:
Do anxiety and disruptive behavior mediate pathways from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder to depression?
### Response:
| These findings may help forewarn of impending depression and therefore allow opportunities for interventions when comorbid anxiety and/or disruptive behavior disorders are present in a child with ADHD. |
### Instruction:
Does glucagon-like peptide 1 attenuate the acceleration of gastric emptying induced by hypoglycemia in healthy subjects?
### Response:
| Acute administration of exogenous GLP-1 attenuates, but does not abolish, the acceleration of gastric emptying by insulin-induced hypoglycemia in healthy subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does oxidative metabolism enhance the cytotoxic and genotoxic properties of the soy isoflavone daidzein?
### Response:
| These data indicate that oxidative metabolism of DAI generates metabolites with genotoxic properties where interference with topoisomerase II might play a role. |
### Instruction:
Does leukoaraiosis correlate with the neurologic deterioration after small subcortical infarction?
### Response:
| Severity of leukoaraiosis and baseline neurologic deficits, and the presence of diabetes were all independently associated with ND after small subcortical infarction. |
### Instruction:
Does hIV-1 Nef expression in microglia disrupt dopaminergic and immune functions with associated mania-like behaviors?
### Response:
| HIV-1 Nef expression in microglia induced CCL2 expression together with disrupting striatal dopaminergic transmission, resulting in hyperactive behaviors which are observed in mania and other psychiatric comorbidities among HIV-infected persons. These findings emphasize the selective effects of individual viral proteins in the brain and their participation in neuropathogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Are reliability and validity of a modified MEDFICTS dietary fat screener in South African schoolchildren determined by use and outcome measures?
### Response:
| Test-retest reliability and relative validity of a modified MEDFICTS dietary fat screener in South African schoolchildren depended on the use and outcome measures applied. |
### Instruction:
Do comparison of sagittal and transverse echo planar spectroscopic imaging on the quantification of brain metabolites?
### Response:
| We showed that quantified concentrations of sagittal and transverse EPSI after partial volume correction are comparable and reproducible. The proposed quantification strategy can be conveniently adapted into various MRI protocols. |
### Instruction:
Is an increased arginase activity associated with corpus cavernosum impairment induced by hypercholesterolemia?
### Response:
| These evidences indicate that arginase hyperactivity is associated with ED induced by hypercholesterolemia, suggesting that this enzyme is a potential target for treating ED. |
### Instruction:
Does investigation into the toxicity of traditional Uyghur medicine Quercus infectoria gall water extract?
### Response:
| Study result suggests that the aqueous extract of QIG is unlikely to have significant toxicity and that clinical trials may proceed safely. |
### Instruction:
Is neutrophil migration towards C5a and CXCL8 prevented by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs via inhibition of different pathways?
### Response:
| Treatment with NSAIDs reduced C5a- and CXCL8-induced neutrophil migration and F-actin polymerization via different mechanisms. Inhibition by ibuprofen was associated with integrin down-regulation, while naproxen and oxaprozin blocked the PI3K/Akt pathway. Both NSAID actions were independent of COX inhibition and PGE2 release. |
### Instruction:
Are eGFR gene gain and PTEN protein expression favorable prognostic factors in patients with KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab?
### Response:
| In this cetuximab-treated colorectal cancer population, EGFR gain was associated with better outcome and PTEN protein expression with longer TTP in KRAS WT, KRAS WT/AREG high and KRAS/BRAF WT subpopulations. Cetuximab efficacy is greater with intact and activated EGFR signaling, without activating mutations of KRAS/BRAF and in the presence of preserved PTEN inhibitory activity upon the PI3K/AKT pathway. These results reflect a solid biological rationale and warrant further evaluation of the predictive role of PTEN in prospective studies. |
### Instruction:
Does weight gain reveal dramatic increases in skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodeling?
### Response:
| We propose that skeletal muscle extracellular matrix remodeling is another feature of the pathogenic milieu associated with energy excess and obesity, which, if disrupted, may contribute to the development of metabolic dysfunction. |
### Instruction:
Does human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells transplantation promote cutaneous wound healing of severe burned rats?
### Response:
| The study suggests that hUC-MSCs transplantation can effectively improve wound healing in severe burned rat model. Moreover, these data might provide the theoretical foundation for the further clinical application of hUC-MSC in burn areas. |
### Instruction:
Do peripheral monocytes of obese women display increased chemokine receptor expression and migration capacity?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the enhanced intrinsic migratory capacity of peripheral monocytes in obese women may be due to the increased CCR expression, further supporting a link between peripheral immune cell dysfunction and obesity. |
### Instruction:
Does intrauterine growth restriction modify gene expression profiling in cord blood?
### Response:
| Expression of certain genes was modified in SGA newborns in the fetal period. These genes have been associated with metabolic syndrome. To clarify the association between modified gene expression in cord blood and individual vulnerability to metabolic syndrome in adulthood, these SGA newborns will be have long-term follow up for examination of genetic and postnatal environmental factors. Gene expression of cord blood can be a useful and non-invasive method of investigation of genetic alterations in the fetal period. |
### Instruction:
Does end-expiratory occlusion manoeuvre accurately predict fluid responsiveness in the operating theatre?
### Response:
| ΔSV(EEO) and ΔE'(CO₂) were unable to accurately predict fluid responsiveness during surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is psychological reactivity to laboratory stress associated with hormonal responses in postmenopausal women?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that enhanced reactivity to stress is associated with higher hormone levels among postmenopausal women, which could have potential implications for health. |
### Instruction:
Does morphological good-quality embryo have higher nucleus spreading rate/signal resolution rate in fluorescence in situ hybridization?
### Response:
| Blastomeres from day 3 embryos with better morphological quality had higher nucleus spreading rate and higher full signal rate during FISH. Through this study, we speculate on whether it should reconsider the necessity of FISH application in embryos with poor quality. |
### Instruction:
Is ultrasonographic endometrial thickness measurement predictive for treatment response in simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia?
### Response:
| Results of this study suggest treatment modification according to the baseline endometrial thickness in patients with simple endometrial hyperplasia without atypia. |
### Instruction:
Does black race independently predict worse survival in uterine carcinosarcoma?
### Response:
| Black women with uterine carcinosarcoma have worse survival compared to White women despite similar patient and treatment characteristics. This difference is largely due to differences in survival in early stage disease. |
### Instruction:
Does hemopexin-dependent heme uptake via endocytosis regulate the Bach1 transcription repressor and heme oxygenase gene activation?
### Response:
| rHx-bound heme was internalized into the cells via endocytosis, resulting in HO-1 expression and inactivation of Bach1. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Lipopolysaccharide sensitize neonatal mice to hyperoxia-induced immature brain injury ]?
### Response:
| Hyperoxia causes immature brain injury mediated by microglia activation, and LPS pretreatment can enhance such brain injury in neonatal mice. |
### Instruction:
Does membrane attack complex generation increase as a function of time in stored blood?
### Response:
| MAC levels increased over time, suggesting that MAC is the primary complement-mediated contributor to changes in stored RBCs. Inhibition of the terminal complement pathway may stabilise RBC functionality and extend shelf life. |
### Instruction:
Does nAP1 strain type predict outcomes from Clostridium difficile infection?
### Response:
| NAP1 was the most prevalent strain and a predictor of severe disease, severe outcome, and death. Strategies to reduce NAP1 prevalence, such as antibiotic stewardship to reduce fluoroquinolone use, might reduce CDI morbidity. |
### Instruction:
Are the status of rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody associated with the effect of anti-TNFα agent treatment in patients with rheumatoid arthritis : a meta-analysis?
### Response:
| Neither the RF nor anti-CCP antibody status in RA patients is associated with a clinical response to anti-TNFα treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does up-regulation of microRNA-190b play a role for decreased IGF-1 that induces insulin resistance in human hepatocellular carcinoma?
### Response:
| Increased expression of miR-190 may cause decreased IGF-1 in HCC development. Insulin resistance appears to be a part of the physiopathologic significance of decreased IGF-1 levels in HCC progression. This study provides a novel miRNA-mediated regulatory mechanism for controlling IGF-1 expression in HCC and elucidates the biological relevance of this interaction in HCC. |
### Instruction:
Does zidovudine induce visceral mitochondrial toxicity and intra-abdominal fat gain in a rodent model of lipodystrophy?
### Response:
| Zidovudine induces a gain of intra-abdominal fat in association with quantitative and qualitative alterations of the mitochondrial genome and impaired expression of mtDNA-encoded respiratory chain components, indicating that zidovudine may contribute to abdominal fat hypertrophy in HIV-infected patients. In this rodent model, uridine supplementation abrogates both SAT and VAT pathology induced by zidovudine. |
### Instruction:
Are noninvasive techniques for blood pressure measurement a reliable alternative to direct measurement : a randomized crossover trial in ICU?
### Response:
| BP measurements with different devices produced significantly different results. Since in critically ill patients the importance of BP readings is often crucial, noninvasive techniques cannot be regarded as reliable alternatives to direct measurements. |
### Instruction:
Does degeneration modulate retinal response to transient exogenous oxidative injury?
### Response:
| This data suggests that degenerating rd10 retinas encounter a relatively lower degree of damage in response to oxidative injury compared with normal retinas. Constitutive up-regulation of the oxidative defense mechanism in degenerating retinas may confer such relative protection from oxidative injury. |
### Instruction:
Does [ miR-221 mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related gene expressions via regulation of PTEN/Akt signaling in drug-resistant glioma cells ]?
### Response:
| MiR-221 regulates the expression of EMT-related genes through down-regulation of PTEN and activation of PI3-K/Akt signaling. |
### Instruction:
Is risk of malignancy index sensitive in detecting non-epithelial ovarian cancer and borderline ovarian tumor?
### Response:
| RMI is not adequate in detecting malignant cases in a population with high non-epithelial ovarian cancer and borderline ovarian tumor prevalence. |
### Instruction:
Is neoadjuvant radiation therapy prior to total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer associated with postoperative complications using current techniques?
### Response:
| In a cohort undergoing TME using current techniques, neoadjuvant RT was not associated with 30-day postoperative morbidity or mortality. |
### Instruction:
Is percentage body fat by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry associated with menstrual recovery in adolescents with anorexia nervosa?
### Response:
| Percentage body fat may be an additional, useful clinical assessment to follow in caring for adolescents with AN. |
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