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### Instruction:
Does sulforaphane inhibit invasion via activating ERK1/2 signaling in human glioblastoma U87MG and U373MG cells?
### Response:
| SFN inhibited migration and invasion processes. Furthermore, SFN inhibited invasion via activating ERK1/2 in a sustained way. The accumulated ERK1/2 activation downregulated MMP-2 expression and decreased its activity and upregulated CD44v6. SFN might be a potential therapeutic agent by activating ERK1/2 signaling against human glioblastoma. |
### Instruction:
Is the location of origin of spontaneous extracranial internal carotid artery dissection adjacent to the skull base?
### Response:
| CAD occurring spontaneously or due to indirect trauma most frequently involves the distal extracranial ICA. Spontaneous CAD is associated with vessel redundancy, and the risk of acute stroke is greatest with occlusive CAD. The prognosis is good with treatment, with a low rate of recurrent stroke and a high rate of vessel remodelling. |
### Instruction:
Does reverse total shoulder arthroplasty component center of rotation affect muscle function?
### Response:
| Selecting optimum placement of the glenosphere involves tradeoffs in bending moment at the implant-bone interface, risk for impingement, and deltoid efficiency. A viable option is partially medializing the glenosphere, which retains most of the benefits of deltoid efficiency and reduces the risk for scapular notching. |
### Instruction:
Do associations of VEGF-C genetic polymorphisms with urothelial cell carcinoma susceptibility differ between smokers and non-smokers in Taiwan?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the involvement of VEGF-C genotypes in UCC risk differs among smokers compared to non-smokers among Taiwanese. The genetic polymorphism of VEGF-C rs7664413 might be a predictive factor for the tumor size of UCC patients who have a smoking habit. |
### Instruction:
Is raloxifene pharmacodynamics influenced by genetic variants in the RANKL/RANK/OPG system and in the Wnt signaling pathway?
### Response:
| We have shown that, in postmenopausal osteoporotic women treated with raloxifene, the efficacy of raloxifene treatment might be influenced by +34901G>A in TNFRSF11A gene and -1397_-1396insGGA in the SOST gene as well as -643C>T in TNFSF11 gene and +34694C>T in TNFRSF11A gene. However, these findings need additional functional and clinical confirmation for potential pharmacogenetic use in the future. |
### Instruction:
Does progesterone augment epirubicin-induced apoptosis in HA22T/VGH cells by increasing oxidative stress and upregulating Fas/FasL?
### Response:
| Our observations suggest that progesterone enhances the efficacy of epirubicin. The increased efficacy is potentially attributed to progesterone's enhancement of epirubicin-induced oxidative stress, thereby reducing redox status. In addition, progesterone sequentially upregulates Fas/FasL to induce the caspase-8 and caspase-3 pathways, thereby resulting in increased apoptosis. The combination had a greater effect on the induction of HA22T/VGH cell apoptosis and could potentially serve as a more effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma than epirubicin alone. |
### Instruction:
Do immune cell-poor melanomas benefit from PD-1 blockade after targeted type I IFN activation?
### Response:
| Using a genetically engineered mouse melanoma model, we demonstrate that targeted activation of the type I IFN system with immunostimulatory RNA in combination with blockade of immune-inhibitory receptors is a rational strategy to expose immune cell-poor tumors to cellular immune surveillance. |
### Instruction:
Are coeliac patients undiagnosed at routine upper endoscopy?
### Response:
| Almost one quarter of new cases of CD presented with atypical symptoms and half of the new cases had unremarkable duodenal mucosa. At least 10% of new cases of celiac disease are likely to be undiagnosed at routine upper endoscopy, particularly patients over 60 years who more commonly present atypically. All new CD patients could be identified in this study by performing pre-operative celiac antibody testing on all patients presenting for OGD and proceeding to biopsy only positive antibody patients and those presenting with either Major CI or abnormal duodenal mucosa for an estimated cost of AUS$4,629 and AUS$3,710 respectively. |
### Instruction:
Does porphyromonas gingivalis-induced autophagy suppress cell proliferation through G1 arrest in oral cancer cells?
### Response:
| These findings provide a novel insight into the mechanism by which cancer cells are influenced by tumour microenvironment including oral bacteria. |
### Instruction:
Does adverse lifestyle lead to an annual excess of 2 million deaths in China?
### Response:
| Adverse lifestyle factors contribute to one quarter of all deaths in China. Improving lifestyle practices, particularly focussing on moderating alcohol intake and increasing activity, and smoking cessation are critical to reducing the lifestyle-associated health burden. |
### Instruction:
Are higher heart rate increments on head-up tilt in control subjects associated with autonomic dysfunction?
### Response:
| These results argue against a reduction in autonomic function underlying the higher heart rate increments seen on HUT in younger individuals. |
### Instruction:
Do altered developmental events in the anterior region of the chick forelimb give rise to avian-specific digit loss?
### Response:
| Forelimb-specific events in the anterior limb bud are possible developmental mechanisms that might generate the different cell fates in the fore- and hindlimb buds, regulating the number of digits in birds. |
### Instruction:
Do three-dimensional accuracy of different correction methods for cast implant bars?
### Response:
| There was no statistical significance among three techniques in horizontal, vertical and axial errors. But, gas-air torch soldering technique showed the most consistent and accurate trend in the correction of implant bar error. However, Laser welding technique, showed a large mean and standard deviation in vertical and twisting measurement and might be technique-sensitive method. |
### Instruction:
Are expression of genes related to anti-inflammatory pathways modified among farmers ' children?
### Response:
| Farmers' children express multiple increased innate immune response and immune regulatory molecules, which may contribute to the mechanisms of action of the hygiene hypothesis. |
### Instruction:
Does consumption of Coprinus comatus polysaccharide extract cause recovery of alcoholic liver damage in rats?
### Response:
| Daily administration of 50 mg/kg of C. comatus PS extract considerably reduced the negative effects of alcohol on liver structure and function. |
### Instruction:
Is a functionally significant polymorphism in ID3 associated with human coronary pathology?
### Response:
| We present additional cohorts that demonstrate association of ID3 SNP rs11574 directly with human coronary artery pathology as measured by CAC and IVUS: one a multiethnic, relatively healthy population with low levels of diabetes and the second a predominantly White population with a higher incidence of T2DM referred for cardiac catheterization. |
### Instruction:
Do early diagnosis of orthopedic implant failure using macromolecular imaging agents?
### Response:
| The results from this study demonstrate the feasibility of utilizing the macromolecular diagnostic agent to detect particle-induced peri-implant inflammation prior to the development of detectable osteolysis. Recognition of this early pathological event would provide the window of opportunity for prevention of peri-implant osteolysis and subsequent orthopaedic implant failure. |
### Instruction:
Is interaction of translationally controlled tumor protein with Apaf-1 involved in the development of chemoresistance in HeLa cells?
### Response:
| TCTP protects the cancer cells from etoposide-induced cell death by inhibiting the mitochondria-mediated apoptotic pathway. Interaction of TCTP with Apaf-1 in apoptosome is involved in the molecular mechanism of TCTP-induced chemoresistance. These findings suggest that TCTP may serve as a therapeutic target for chemoresistance in cancer treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does early postoperative patient-controlled analgesia ratio predict 24-hour morphine consumption and pain in children undergoing scoliosis surgery?
### Response:
| The authors have demonstrated that a PCA ratio of demands/deliveries ≥1.5 is predictive of increased opioid requirements and is associated with greater pain scores in the initial 24 hours after surgery, an increased incidence of opioid-related side effects, and duration of hospital stay. |
### Instruction:
Is fut2 genotype a risk factor for dominant stenosis and biliary candida infections in primary sclerosing cholangitis?
### Response:
| The rs601338-FUT2 genotype is strongly associated with episodes of cholangitis, fungobilia and the incidence of dominant stenosis, which are three clinical hallmarks of PSC; FUT2 is thus an important genetic risk factor for host-microbial diversity and disease progression in PSC. |
### Instruction:
Do combination of swim-up and density gradient separation methods effectively eliminate DNA damaged sperm?
### Response:
| The combination of density gradient separation and swim-up method is effective in eliminating DNA damaged spermatozoa. |
### Instruction:
Does interferon regulatory factor 3 protect against adverse neo-intima formation?
### Response:
| IRF3 inhibits VSMC proliferation and neo-intima formation after vascular injury through PPARγ activation. |
### Instruction:
Does podoplanin expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts predict aggressive behavior in melanoma?
### Response:
| The presence of podoplanin expression in cancer-associated fibroblasts correlates with aggressive behavior in melanoma and might therefore serve as a useful prognostic factor for patients with melanoma. |
### Instruction:
Does the pandemic influenza A ( H1N1 ) 2009 vaccine increase the mortality rate of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia : a matched case-control study?
### Response:
| In our study, we detected no evidence that the influenza A (H1N1) 2009 vaccine increased the mortality rate of patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. The results, however, are limited by the small sample size and low statistical power. A larger-scale study is required. |
### Instruction:
Does sophocarpine attenuate liver fibrosis by inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway in rats?
### Response:
| Sophocarpine can alleviate liver fibrosis mainly by inhibiting the TLR4 pathway. Sophocarpine may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for chronic liver diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does diet high in fructose lead to an overexpression of lipocalin-2 in rat fatty liver?
### Response:
| Fructose diet up-regulates hepatic LCN-2 expression, which correlates with the increased indicators of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The LCN-2 may be involved in liver protection. |
### Instruction:
Is gOLPH3 a novel marker of poor prognosis and a potential therapeutic target in human renal cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| These results suggest that GOLPH3 expression is likely to have important roles in RCC development and progression, and that GOLPH3 is a prognostic biomarker and a promising therapeutic target for RCC. |
### Instruction:
Does atrial septal angulation vary widely in patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation?
### Response:
| The septal orientation in the axial plane varied widely and was not predicted by clinical variables such as atrial size or prior valve surgery. The high degree of interpatient variability observed suggests that direct visualization of the septum may be helpful in the performance of TSP. |
### Instruction:
Does ischemic preconditioning improve liver tolerance to congestion-reperfusion injury in mice?
### Response:
| IPC can significantly improve liver tolerance to CRI by attenuating neutrophil infiltration, proinflammatory cytokine formation, and hepatocytes apoptosis. This pretreatment strategy holds greater prospect of being translated into clinical use in living donor liver transplantation. |
### Instruction:
Does interaction of acetylcholinesterase with neurexin-1β regulate glutamatergic synaptic stability in hippocampal neurons?
### Response:
| Excessive glycosylated AChE could competitively disrupt a subset of the neurexin-neuroligin junctions consequently impairing the integrity of glutamatergic synapses. This might serve a molecular mechanism of excessive AChE induced neurodegeneration. |
### Instruction:
Are macrophages and fibrosis in adipose tissue linked to liver damage and metabolic risk in obese children?
### Response:
| Markers of subcutaneous white adipose tissue inflammation are associated with greater extent of liver fibrosis independent of obesity and SAT fibrosis may contribute to diabetes risk through reduced insulin secretion. |
### Instruction:
Does long-term exposure to muscarinic agonists decrease expression of contractile proteins and responsiveness of rabbit tracheal smooth muscle cells?
### Response:
| Prolonged exposure of rabbit ASMCs to muscarinic agonists decreases the expression of smooth muscle specific marker proteins, down-regulates muscarinic receptors and decreases ASMC contractile responsiveness. Muscarinic agonists are mitogenic, via the PI3K and MAPK signalling pathways. |
### Instruction:
Does lycium barbarum polysaccharide prevent focal cerebral ischemic injury by inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in mice?
### Response:
| Based on these findings we propose that LBP protects against focal cerebral ischemic injury by attenuating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. |
### Instruction:
Does xuezhikang therapy increase miR-33 expression in patients with low HDL-C levels?
### Response:
| In patients with low HDL-C levels, XZK therapy raised plasma levels of miR-33a and miR-33b, which may inhibit cellular cholesterol export and limit the HDL-raising effect of XZK. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Endothelial cells promote islet survival and function ]?
### Response:
| EC-islet co-culture can improve the function and survival of isolated islets in vitro, and EC-islet co-transplantation can effectively prolong the islet graft survival in diabetic rats. |
### Instruction:
Is increased drug resistance associated with reduced glucose levels and an enhanced glycolysis phenotype?
### Response:
| Hypoglycaemia increased resistance to cytotoxic agents, especially in tumour cells with a high dependence on glycolysis. Dual inhibition of the PI3K/mTOR pathway may be able to attenuate such hypoglycaemia-associated resistance. |
### Instruction:
Is iL-6-accelerated calcification by induction of ROR2 in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells STAT3 dependent?
### Response:
| IL-6/sIL-6R stimulation accelerated the ROR2/WNT5A pathway in hADSCs in a STAT3-dependent manner, resulting in augmented calcification. These results suggest that the mechanisms of ectopic calcification accelerated by IL-6 in hADSCs may be involved in chronic inflammatory tissues and that IL-6 inhibitors may be beneficial in the treatment of ectopic calcification in inflammatory diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is increased phosphorylation of ezrin associated with the migration and invasion of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Increased expression of p-ezrin may contribute to aberrant aggressive behaviours of RA FLSs, which are mediated by rho kinase and the p38 MAPK pathway. This suggests a novel strategy targeting phosphorylation of ezrin to prevent synovial invasiveness and joint destruction in RA. |
### Instruction:
Are human bocaviruses commonly found in stools of hospitalized children without causal association to acute gastroenteritis?
### Response:
| HBoV2 and HBoV3 were more commonly found in stool than in nasal swab samples, but the findings could not be causally linked with AGE. HBoV1 was commonly found in stool samples during ARTI, with or without gastrointestinal symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel microbiota stratification system predict future exacerbations in bronchiectasis?
### Response:
| Stratification of patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis on the basis of predominant bacterial taxa is more clinically informative than either conventional culture or quantitative PCR-based analysis. Further investigation is now required to assess the mechanistic basis of these associations. |
### Instruction:
Does luteinizing hormone contribute to fetal tolerance by regulating adaptive immune responses?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that LH, similar to hCG, is involved in the regulation of adaptive immune responses, thus contributing to fetal tolerance. |
### Instruction:
Do an update on supported employment for people with severe mental illness?
### Response:
| Although the field of research continues to expand, it is clear that many barriers remain to broad implementation of IPS. The solution goes beyond further research and involves policies and practices that support a recovery oriented mental healthcare system. |
### Instruction:
Does p-glycoprotein promote epithelial T helper 2-associated cytokine secretion in chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps?
### Response:
| P-gp overactivity promotes Th2-associated epithelial cytokine secretion in nasal polyps, suggesting a novel mechanism for maintaining chronic inflammation in CRSwNP. |
### Instruction:
Does arterial wall stress control NFAT5 activity in vascular smooth muscle cells?
### Response:
| Collectively, our data suggest that biomechanical stretch is sufficient to activate NFAT5 both in native and cultured VSMCs where it regulates the expression of tenascin-C. This may contribute to an improved migratory activity of VSMCs and thus promote maladaptive vascular remodeling processes such as hypertension-induced arterial stiffening. |
### Instruction:
Do association between serum total antioxidant status and coronary microvascular function in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| Plasma proinflammatory cytokine levels are increased in patients with IDC. CFR was impaired as a reflection of impaired coronary microvascular dysfunction in association with increasing plasma proinflammatory cytokine levels and hsCRP levels. |
### Instruction:
Are self-management abilities and frailty important for healthy aging among community-dwelling older people ; a cross-sectional study?
### Response:
| Self-management abilities and frailty are important for healthy aging among community-dwelling older people in the Netherlands. Particularly vulnerable are the lower educated older adults. Interventions to improve self-management abilities may help older people age healthfully and prevent losses as they age further. |
### Instruction:
Do cYP2C19 polymorphisms and coronary heart disease risk factors synergistically impact clopidogrel response variety after percutaneous coronary intervention?
### Response:
| Genetic CYP2C19 polymorphisms and CAD risk factors - type 2 diabetes mellitus and BMI - synergistically affect the antiplatelet activity of clopidogrel and the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events after PCI. |
### Instruction:
Does z α1-antitrypsin confer a proinflammatory phenotype that contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease?
### Response:
| We show here that aggregation of intracellular mutant Z-AT invokes a specific deleterious cellular inflammatory phenotype in COPD. Oxidant-induced intracellular polymerization of Z-AT in epithelial cells causes ER stress, and promotes excess cytokine and cellular inflammation. This pathway is likely to contribute to the development of COPD in ZZ-AT homozygotes, and therefore merits further investigation. |
### Instruction:
Is angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism associated with dermatomyositis?
### Response:
| Homozygous ACE D/D was associated significantly with the DM risk. Further investigations are required to clarify and to confirm the association of these genes with DM susceptibility. |
### Instruction:
Are coupling interval dispersion and body mass index independent predictors of idiopathic premature ventricular complex-induced cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| In addition to the PVC burden, the CI-dispersion and BMI are associated with PVC-induced cardiomyopathy. |
### Instruction:
Is high intratumoral macrophage content an adverse prognostic feature in anaplastic large cell lymphoma?
### Response:
| A high content of intratumoral CD68- and/or CD163-positive macrophages correlates with an adverse outcome in ALK-negative ALCL. |
### Instruction:
Do proteomic and genomic analyses suggest the association of apolipoprotein C1 with abdominal aortic aneurysm?
### Response:
| ApoC1 may be a novel biomarker for AAA. |
### Instruction:
Does frizzled10 mediate WNT1 and WNT3A signaling in the dorsal spinal cord of the developing chick embryo?
### Response:
| Together, our results identify FZD10 as a receptor for WNT1 and WNT3A in the developing chick spinal cord. |
### Instruction:
Are psychological but not vasomotor symptoms associated with temperament and character traits?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that most temperament and character traits according to Cloninger's model in peri- and postmenopausal women varied significantly as compared to the general population. Among several traits, high Harm avoidance and low Self-directedness were most strongly associated with psychological climacteric distress but not with somatic and vasomotor symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Does treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with TNF inhibitors have adverse effect on results of liver function tests : a longitudinal study?
### Response:
| TNFi use-associated rises in hepatic enzymes were determined compared to pre-treatment but the mean values remained within normal limits. Considering the cases in the literature, in daily practice patients must be carefully monitored for liver function before treatment and at follow-up. |
### Instruction:
Does repeated maternal intramuscular or intraamniotic erythromycin incompletely resolve intrauterine Ureaplasma parvum infection in a sheep model of pregnancy?
### Response:
| Erythromycin treatment, given both to the ewe and into the amniotic cavity, fails to eradicate intrauterine and fetal U parvum serovar 3 infection and may lead to development of erythromycin resistant U parvum. |
### Instruction:
Are small acute increases in serum creatinine associated with decreased long-term survival in the critically ill?
### Response:
| Patients with one episode of mild AKI have significantly lower long-term survival rates than critically ill patients with no AKI. Close medical follow-up of these patients may be warranted and mechanistic research is required to understand how AKI influences long-term events. |
### Instruction:
Is tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 9 ( TNFRSF9 ) up-regulated in reactive astrocytes in human gliomas?
### Response:
| Our findings provide a novel, TNFRSF9-positive, reactive astrocytic phenotype and challenge the therapeutic suitability of TNFRSF9 as a promising target for human gliomas. |
### Instruction:
Is low socioeconomic status associated with worse survival in children with cancer : a systematic review?
### Response:
| Socioeconomic gradients in which low SES is associated with inferior childhood cancer survival are ubiquitous in LMIC and common in HIC. Future studies should elucidate mechanisms underlying these gradients, allowing the design of interventions mediating socioeconomic effects. Targeting the effect of low SES will allow for further improvements in childhood cancer survival. |
### Instruction:
Is the number of regular T cells and immature dendritic cells involved in mycosis fungoides linked to the tumor stage?
### Response:
| The predominant factor influencing the immune state is different for each MF stage. Therefore, therapeutic strategies that modulate the antitumor immune responses should be developed depending on MF progression. |
### Instruction:
Is small vessel disease , but neither amyloid load nor metabolic deficit , dependent on age at onset in Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| Age at onset does not influence amyloid deposition or neuronal metabolic deficit in AD. The greater extent of SVD in late-onset AD influences the association between neuronal metabolic deficit and clinical symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic prenatal stress epigenetically modify spinal cord BDNF expression to induce sex-specific visceral hypersensitivity in offspring?
### Response:
| The development of VHS, which contributes to the symptom of intermittent abdominal pain, is a two-step process, chronic in utero stress followed by chronic stress in adult-life. This two-step process induces aggravated and persistent colon hypersensitivity in female than in male offspring. Our preclinical model explains several clinical features in IBS patients. |
### Instruction:
Is incidental dose to coronary arteries higher in prone than in supine whole breast irradiation . A dosimetric comparison in adjuvant radiotherapy of early stage breast cancer?
### Response:
| The heart dose is not different between supine and prone WBI. However, in left WBI the incidental dose to the LAD with clinically relevant doses can be significantly higher in prone WBI. This is discussed controversially in the literature as it might depend on contouring and treatment techniques. We recommend contouring of LAD if patients are treated in prone WBI and evaluation of alternative treatment techniques for optimal sparing of coronary arteries. |
### Instruction:
Are fatty liver and serum cholinesterase independently correlated with HbA1c levels : cross-sectional analysis of 5384 people?
### Response:
| The findings show that both ChE and FLUS are significantly correlated with HbA1c, independent of BMI and age. |
### Instruction:
Are all eotaxins CCL11 , CCL24 and CCL26 increased but to various extents in pulmonary tuberculosis patients?
### Response:
| According to the present results it can be concluded that CCL11, CCL24, and CCL26 (which are produced by Th2 cells and other cells which induce Th2 development) are increased in TB patients; hence, it seems that TB suppresses Th1 and the classic function of macrophages subsequently by inducing the chemokines' expression. |
### Instruction:
Are perioperative levels and changes of high-sensitivity troponin T associated with cardiovascular events in vascular surgery patients?
### Response:
| The risk predictive power of high-sensitive cardiac troponin T change in addition to the Revised Cardiac Risk Index could facilitate 1) detection of patients at highest risk for perioperative myocardial ischemia, 2) evaluation and development of cardioprotective therapeutic strategies, and 3) decisions for admission to and discharge from high-density care units. |
### Instruction:
Is increased slope of the lateral tibial plateau subchondral bone associated with greater risk of noncontact ACL injury in females but not in males : a prospective cohort study with a nested , matched case-control analysis?
### Response:
| There is a 21.7% increased risk of noncontact ACL injury with each degree increase of the lateral tibial plateau slope among females but not among males. The medial tibial plateau slope, coronal tibial slope, and depth of the medial tibial plateau were not associated with risk of injury for females or males. |
### Instruction:
Do the association of early-life and substance use risks to violent offending among injecting drug users?
### Response:
| Drug use factors alone did not adequately explain the likelihood of violent offending among IDUs. Instead, there appeared to be complex interactions between early-life risks and substance use which created a liability to violent offending, and the level of exposure to these risks appeared to explain differences in violent offending patterns. |
### Instruction:
Does miR-494 act as an anti-oncogene in gastric carcinoma by targeting c-myc?
### Response:
| miR-494 is downregulated in human GC and acts as an anti-oncogene by targeting c-myc. miR-494 plays a role in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer in a recessive fashion. |
### Instruction:
Is casein kinase II induced polymerization of soluble TDP-43 into filaments inhibited by heat shock proteins?
### Response:
| These findings demonstrate CKII induces polymerization of soluble TDP-43 into filaments and Hsp90 promotes TDP-43 filament depolymerization. These findings provide rational for potential therapeutic intervention at these points in TDP-43 proteinopathies. |
### Instruction:
Is exposure to parental smoking in childhood or adolescence associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness in young adults : evidence from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study and the Childhood Determinants of Adult Health Study?
### Response:
| These results show the pervasive effect of exposure to parental smoking on children's vascular health up to 25 years later. There must be continued efforts to reduce smoking among adults to protect young people and to reduce the burden of cardiovascular disease across the population. |
### Instruction:
Does disease duration determine health-related quality of life in adult eosinophilic esophagitis patients?
### Response:
| The QoL is particularly impaired in young adult EoE patients. Disease duration determines the mental QoL. This study offers additional insight into the impact of EoE on patients' lives and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosing and adequately treating EoE. |
### Instruction:
Does patient gender affect outcome after transcatheter aortic valve implantation ( TAVI )?
### Response:
| While several baseline characteristics between men and women treated by TAVI were shown to be different among the study population, no difference was observed in survival between both genders. |
### Instruction:
Is cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor a robust enhancer of anticancer agents against hepatocellular carcinoma multicellular spheroids?
### Response:
| Celecoxib combined with 5-fluorouracil or sorafenib or gefitinib may be superior to single-agent therapy in HepG2 MCSs. Our results provided molecular evidence to support celecoxib combination-treatment strategies for patients with human hepatocellular carcinoma. MCSs provided a good model to evaluate the interaction of anticancer drugs. |
### Instruction:
Is aBCC4 required for cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in non-small cell lung cancer?
### Response:
| ABCC4 may play an important role in the control of A549 and 801D cell growth. ABCC4 is a potential target for lung cancer therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is level of consciousness on admission to a Heart Attack Centre a predictor of survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest?
### Response:
| Patients with shockable rhythms achieving ROSC are more likely to be conscious (A or V) compared with those with non-shockable rhythms. Most patients who are conscious on admission to the HAC will survive, compared with approximately half of those who are unconscious (P or U), suggesting that critical care is generally appropriate at all levels of consciousness if ROSC has been achieved. |
### Instruction:
Is fatigue highly associated with poor health-related quality of life , disability and depression in newly-diagnosed patients with inflammatory bowel disease , independent of disease activity?
### Response:
| Fatigue is strongly associated with poor HRQOL, disability and depression similarly in CD and UC even when controlling for disease activity. Fatigue's association with a wide range of patient-reported outcome measures suggests that monitoring fatigue is a simple way to screen for overall disruption in patient life. |
### Instruction:
Does artificial neural network predict the need for therapeutic ERCP in patients with suspected choledocholithiasis?
### Response:
| Only those variables believed to be related to the outcome of interest were included. The majority of patients in our sample had positive findings on ERCP. |
### Instruction:
Is nrf2 useful for predicting the effect of chemoradiation therapy on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Nrf2 expression was found to be closely related to the effect of CRT and could predict the CRT outcome in patients with ESCC. |
### Instruction:
Do alcohol-preferring rats show decreased corticotropin-releasing hormone-2 receptor expression and differences in HPA activation compared to alcohol-nonpreferring rats?
### Response:
| This study identified Crhr2 as a candidate gene of interest underlying the chromosome 4 QTL for alcohol consumption that was previously identified in the P and NP model. Crhr2 promoter polymorphism is associated with reduced mRNA expression in certain brain regions, particularly the amygdala, and lowered the density of CRF2 receptor in the amygdala of iP compared to iNP rats. Together, these differences between the animals may contribute to the drinking disparity as well as the anxiety differences of the P and NP rats. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibiting mast cell degranulation by HO-1 affect dendritic cell maturation in vitro?
### Response:
| Inhibiting MC degranulation by HO-1 restrained DC maturation and attenuated the proliferation of SMCs. |
### Instruction:
Does mitochondrial dysfunction promote and aggravates the inflammatory response in normal human synoviocytes?
### Response:
| These data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunction could induce an inflammatory response in normal human synoviocytes and sensitize these cells, causing a significant amplification of the inflammatory response induced by IL-1β. Resveratrol may represent a promising strategy in controlling the synovial inflammatory response. |
### Instruction:
Is tGFβR2 a major target of miR-93 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma aggressiveness?
### Response:
| The present study reports an involvement of miR-93-mediated TGFβR2 down-regulation in NPC aggressiveness, thus giving extended insights into molecular mechanisms underlying cancer aggressiveness. Approaches aimed at blocking miR-93 may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for treating NPC patients. |
### Instruction:
Does myo-inositol modulate insulin and luteinizing hormone secretion in normal weight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome?
### Response:
| MYO administration positively modulates insulin sensitivity in non-obese PCOS patients without compensatory hyperinsulinemia, improving hormonal parameters. The presence of bromelin in the formulation modulated the pro-inflammatory state that characterizes PCOS, independently of BMI. |
### Instruction:
Do rice bran enzymatic extract-supplemented diets modulate adipose tissue inflammation markers in Zucker rats?
### Response:
| Chronic administration of a novel water-soluble RBEE, rich in polyphenols, tocotrienols and γ-oryzanol, could be a suitable treatment to ameliorate the obesity-associated proinflammatory response. |
### Instruction:
Does brazilian nut consumption by healthy volunteers improve inflammatory parameters?
### Response:
| The results indicate a long-term decrease in inflammatory markers after a single intake of large portions of Brazil nuts in healthy volunteers. Therefore, the long-term effect of regular Brazil nut consumption on inflammatory markers should be better investigated. |
### Instruction:
Do transgenerational effects of maternal care interact with fetal growth and influence attention skills at 18 months of age?
### Response:
| These findings suggest a complex transgenerational transmission whereby mother's own care interacts with the fetal growth of her offspring to predict its attentional skills at 18 months of age. |
### Instruction:
Does pharmacological inhibition of poly ( ADP-ribose ) polymerase-1 modulate resistance of human glioblastoma stem cells to temozolomide?
### Response:
| The combination of TMZ with PARPi may represent a valuable strategy to reverse GSC chemoresistance. |
### Instruction:
Does 12/15-Lipoxygenase deficiency reduce densities of mesenchymal stem cells in the dermis of wounded and unwounded skin?
### Response:
| 12/15-LOX deficiency reduces MSC densities in the dermis, which correlates with the suppressed 12/15-LOX pathways in wounded and unwounded skin. |
### Instruction:
Are postgastrectomy Syndrome Assessment Scale ( PGSAS ) -45 and changes in body weight useful tools for evaluation of reconstruction methods following distal gastrectomy?
### Response:
| Although weight loss was significantly lower following BI procedures, esophageal reflux symptoms were significantly higher. Either BI or RY procedures may be recommended based on the individual patient's condition after distal gastrectomy. The newly developed QOL questionnaire, PGSAS-45 and changes in body weight proved useful for evaluation of QOL following gastrectomy. |
### Instruction:
Does protease-modulating polyacrylate-based hydrogel stimulate wound bed preparation in venous leg ulcers -- a randomized controlled trial?
### Response:
| In particular, long-standing wounds profited from the treatment with the PA-based hydrogel. These data suggest that PA-based hydrogel dressings can stimulate normalization of the wound environment, particularly in hard-to-heal ulcers. |
### Instruction:
Does immunohistochemical analysis of molecular drivers in melanoma identify p16 as an independent prognostic biomarker?
### Response:
| IHC determined p16 expression is an independent prognostic biomarker of potential value in routine melanoma diagnostic practice. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel three serum phospholipid panel differentiate normal individuals from those with prostate cancer?
### Response:
| In summary, we have demonstrated that ePC 38:5, PC 40:3, and PC 42:4 may serve as early predictive serum markers for the presence of PCa. |
### Instruction:
Is high intraocular pressure associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in South Korean men : Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey , 2008-2010?
### Response:
| Cardiometabolic risk factors, including the components of MetS, are associated with increased IOP. |
### Instruction:
Does standardized cine-loop documentation in renal ultrasound facilitate skill-mix between radiographer and radiologist?
### Response:
| There is a high degree of correlation between reported findings in radiologist and radiographer performed SCUS examinations. |
### Instruction:
Is ultrasonography-guided radial artery catheterization superior compared with the traditional palpation technique : a prospective , randomized , blinded , crossover study?
### Response:
| Ultrasonography guidance using the dynamic needle tip positioning technique for radial artery catheterization significantly improves clinically relevant aspects of the procedure. |
### Instruction:
Are socioeconomic factors associated with frequency of repeat emergency department visits for pediatric closed fractures?
### Response:
| Our analysis revealed that nonwhite patients are more likely to return to the ED within 8 weeks for the same fracture diagnosis. Patients with government insurance are 55% more likely to have a revisit, whereas patients with private insurance are 28% less likely to have a revisit. Our results suggest that socioeconomic disparities exist in access to orthopaedic care for closed fractures in a pediatric population. Physicians and policy makers should be mindful of these health care disparities when striving to improve access to care among patients and resource utilization in the ED. |
### Instruction:
Are multisite pain , pain frequency and pain severity associated with depression in older adults : results from the ActiFE Ulm study?
### Response:
| multisite pain, pain severity and frequency were the best predictors of late life depression. Clinicians should be especially aware of depressive disorders when older patients are complaining of pain in multiple areas across the body. |
### Instruction:
Is kE and EE genotypes of ICAM-1 gene K469E polymorphism associated with severe preeclampsia?
### Response:
| We concluded that KE and EE genotypes of K469E polymorphism could increase risk of severe PE. |
### Instruction:
Does early enteral fat supplementation improve protein absorption in premature infants with an enterostomy?
### Response:
| Early supplementation of enteral ML and FO to premature infants with an enterostomy increased dietary protein absorption, intestinal RNA, protein and n-3 EPA content without altering other FA content. |
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