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### Instruction:
Does a new approach to an old hypothesis ; phototherapy affect ductal patency via PGE2 and PGI2?
### Response:
| There was no effect of PT on ductal patency. We can conclude that PGs were eliminated simultaneously with ductal closure and photorelaxation effect did not influence PG levels. |
### Instruction:
Does sural sparing pattern discriminate Guillain-Barré syndrome from its mimics?
### Response:
| Common electrodiagnostic abnormalities in early demyelinating GBS do not usually exclude other rare differential diagnoses. An exception to this is the sural sparing pattern described here, which strongly supports the diagnosis of demyelinating GBS. |
### Instruction:
Does clinical flow cytometric screening of SAP and XIAP expression accurately identify patients with SH2D1A and XIAP/BIRC4 mutations?
### Response:
| Clinical flow cytometric screening tests for SAP and XIAP deficiencies offer good sensitivity and specificity for detecting genetic mutations, and are characterized by high NPVs. We recommend these tests for patients suspected of having X-linked lymphoproliferative disease type 1 (XLP1) or XLP2. |
### Instruction:
Is splenectomy modifying the vascular remodeling of thrombosis?
### Response:
| After splenectomy, an increase in circulating microparticles and negatively charged phospholipids is enhanced by experimental thrombus induction. The initial increase in thrombus volume after splenectomy is due to platelet activation, and the subsequent delay of thrombus resolution is due to inhibition of thrombus angiogenesis. The data illustrate a potential mechanism of disease in CTEPH. |
### Instruction:
Is estrogen receptor β ( ERβ ) a novel prognostic marker of recurrence survival in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer potentially by inhibiting cadherin switch?
### Response:
| ERβ is a prognostic marker of recurrence free rate in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, potentially through suppressing cadherin switch, and may act as a potential target for bladder cancer therapy. |
### Instruction:
Is maternal history of diabetes associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in Chinese?
### Response:
| Our findings suggested that maternal history of diabetes conferred increased risk of cardiometabolic abnormalities, and was associated with both insulin resistance and impaired first-phase insulin secretion. Further investigation into the mechanism of transgenerational diabetes is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Does selective JAK2 inhibition specifically decrease Hodgkin lymphoma and mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma growth in vitro and in vivo?
### Response:
| In in vitro and in vivo analyses, cHL and MLBCL with 9p24.1/JAK2 copy gain are sensitive to chemical JAK2 inhibition suggesting that clinical evaluation of JAK2 blockade is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Is autophagy a survival mechanism of acute myelogenous leukemia precursors during dual mTORC2/mTORC1 targeting?
### Response:
| Dual targeting of mTORC2 and mTORC1 results in induction of autophagy in AML cells. Combinations of catalytic mTOR targeting agents and autophagy inhibitors may provide a unique approach to target primitive leukemic precursors in AML. |
### Instruction:
Is autosomal recessive POLR1D mutation with decrease of TCOF1 mRNA responsible for Treacher Collins syndrome?
### Response:
| This is the first report of POLR1D mutation being responsible for an autosomal recessive inherited Treacher Collins syndrome. These results reinforce the concept of genetic heterogeneity of Treacher Collins syndrome and underline the importance of combining clinical expertise and familial molecular analyses for appropriate genetic counseling. |
### Instruction:
Is the lumped constant for the galactose analog 2-18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-galactose increased in patients with parenchymal liver disease?
### Response:
| Disease may change the LC for a pet tracer, and this study demonstrated the importance of using the correct LC. |
### Instruction:
Does measurement of fine-needle aspiration thyroglobulin levels increase the detection of metastatic papillary thyroid carcinoma in cystic neck lesions?
### Response:
| Tg-FNA is a useful ancillary test that improves the detection of cystic PTC metastases. Particularly in cytologically nondiagnostic cases, the measurement of Tg-FNA helps to distinguish benign from malignant cystic lesions. |
### Instruction:
Do dialysate cytokine levels predict encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis?
### Response:
| Although MCP-1, IL-6 and CCL15 were found at higher levels in the dialysate of patients who subsequently developed EPS, dialysate levels of these cytokines do not improve prediction of future EPS above a model using known clinical risk factors. |
### Instruction:
Do mortality rates differ among patients prescribed various vitamin D agents?
### Response:
| For this peritoneal dialysis population, instrumental variable analyses showed no significant difference in mortality in patients taking the most common oral vitamin D formulations (calcitriol, doxercalciferol, paricalcitol). |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin D increase serum levels of the soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products in women with PCOS?
### Response:
| In women with PCOS, vit D3 might exert a protective effect against the inflammatory action of AGEs by increasing circulating sRAGE. The normalization in serum AMH induced by vit D3 replacement suggests an improvement in folliculogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Is kCNT1 gain of function in 2 epilepsy phenotypes reversed by quinidine?
### Response:
| These results establish direction for a targeted therapy and potentially exemplify a translational paradigm for in vitro studies informing novel therapies in a neuropsychiatric disease. |
### Instruction:
Is adjuvant radiation in early stage , unfavorable histology endometrial carcinoma associated with improved local control and survival?
### Response:
| Adjuvant radiation therapy was significantly associated with an improvement in local-regional control and overall survival in patients with unfavorable histology, early stage endometrial cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does hypoxia promote vasculogenic mimicry formation by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition in ovarian carcinoma?
### Response:
| Hypoxia contributed to VM formation by inducing EMT. These results may offer new insights for consideration in ovarian cancer treatment strategies. |
### Instruction:
Do inflammatory cascades mediate synapse elimination in spinal cord compression?
### Response:
| We revealed the detailed pathophysiology of the inflammatory response in an animal model of chronic spinal cord compression. Our findings suggest that complement-mediated synapse elimination is a central mechanism underlying the neurodegeneration in CCM. |
### Instruction:
Do inflammatory genes and psychological factors predict induced shoulder pain phenotype?
### Response:
| These findings support the combined predictive ability of specific genetic and psychological factors for shoulder pain phenotypes by revealing novel combinations that may merit further investigation in clinical cohorts to determine their involvement in the transition from acute to chronic pain conditions. |
### Instruction:
Is mortality risk dose-dependent on the number of packed red blood cell transfused after coronary artery bypass graft?
### Response:
| The mortality risk is directly proportional to the number of packed red blood cells transfused in coronary artery bypass graft. The greater the amount of allogeneic blood transfused the greater the risk of mortality. The current transfusion practice needs to be reevaluated. |
### Instruction:
Does twenty four hour imaging delay improve viability detection by Tl-201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy?
### Response:
| Delayed imaging in Tl-201 MPS is a necessary application for the evaluation of viable tissue according to considerable number of patients with additional improvement in 24 hour images in our study, which is restricted to the patients with myocardial infarct. |
### Instruction:
Are molecular subtypes of glioblastoma relevant to lower grade glioma?
### Response:
| GBM gene-expression and methylation based subtypes are relevant for GII/III s and associate with overall survival differences. A better understanding of the association between these subtypes and GII/IIIs could further knowledge regarding prognosis and mechanisms of glioma progression. |
### Instruction:
Do haemoglobin levels correlate with the extent of coronary artery disease : results from a large cohort study?
### Response:
| This study showed that Hb levels are not associated with the prevalence and extent of CAD. |
### Instruction:
Is the severity of internal carotid artery stenosis associated with the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A gene expression?
### Response:
| An increased CDKN2A gene expression in carotid plaques may increase the severity of ICA stenosis, thus raising the risk of atherosclerosis and contributing to the development of symptoms. In addition, the p16(INK4a) expression is associated with carotid atherosclerosis in various patient subgroups. |
### Instruction:
Do tNF-α inhibitors impair sperm quality in males with ankylosing spondylitis after short-term or long-term treatment?
### Response:
| Sperm quality in patients with active AS and after receiving short- and long-term TNF-α blocker therapy is comparable to sperm quality in healthy controls. Our study confirms that the disease process of AS does not have a major impact on sperm quality and that treatment with anti-TNF has no negative impact on sperm quality even under long-term treatment. |
### Instruction:
Is substitution of dietary fish oil with plant oils associated with shortened mid intestinal folds in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar )?
### Response:
| Shortened intestinal folds might be associated with reduced intestinal surface and impaired nutrient absorption and growth, but our results suggest that partial substitution of dietary fish oil with vegetable oils does not have any major negative impact on the intestinal health of Atlantic salmon. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel universal multiplex PCR improve detection of AZFc Y-chromosome microdeletions?
### Response:
| U-M-PCR method was more specific to detect AZFc microdeletions. It is necessary to use the U-M-PCR method to offer genetic screening and counseling to infertile men prior to intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) or in-vitro fertilization (IVF). |
### Instruction:
Does intra-aortic balloon pump ( IABP ) counterpulsation improve cerebral perfusion in patients with decreased left ventricular function?
### Response:
| IABP improves cerebral blood flow, particularly in patients with pre-existing heart failure and highly impaired LVEF. Hence, an IABP might be a treatment option to improve cerebral perfusion in selected patients with cerebral misperfusion and simultaneously existing severe heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Does splenectomy increase the number of circulating hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated liver cirrhosis?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that the spleen plays an important role in modulating HSC dynamics in patients with HCV-associated chronic liver disease. Our results also imply that splenectomy may improve liver function in patients with LC. |
### Instruction:
Does intracellular signaling prevent effective blockade of oncogenic gp130 mutants by neutralizing antibodies?
### Response:
| CAgp130 and WTgp130 differ significantly with respect to glycosylation, trafficking and signaling. As a consequence of intracellular signaling pharmacological inhibition of CAgp130 will not be achieved by targeting the receptor extracellularly but by compounds that act from within the cell. |
### Instruction:
Does the morphology of myeloma cells change with progression of the disease?
### Response:
| We did not find that the type and intensity of cytostatic therapy significantly affect the morphology of plasma cells. Therefore, we suggest that some changes are due to natural, expansive course of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Does increased skeletal muscle capillarization after aerobic exercise training and weight loss improve insulin sensitivity in adults with IGT?
### Response:
| Six-month AEX+WL increases skeletal muscle CD in older adults with IGT. This represents one mechanism by which AEX+WL improves insulin sensitivity in older adults with IGT. |
### Instruction:
Does bRAF V600E predict aggressive features of pediatric papillary thyroid carcinoma?
### Response:
| BRAF V600E mutations may be more prevalent than previously thought in pediatric patients with PTC, but do not correlate with aggressive disease characteristics. |
### Instruction:
Are dNA damage-centered signaling pathways effectively activated during low dose-rate Auger radioimmunotherapy?
### Response:
| Hypersensitivity to non-internalizing (125)I-mAbs is not due to lack of detection of DNA damage after low absorbed dose-rates. However, DNA double strand breaks accumulate in cells exposed both to internalizing and non-internalizing (125)I-mAbs and lead to micronuclei formation. These results suggest impairment in DNA double strand breaks repair after low absorbed doses of (125)I-mAbs. |
### Instruction:
Do elevated plasma levels of interleukin-6 in postmenopausal women correlate with bone density?
### Response:
| The elevation of plasma IL-6 observed following menopause is consistent with the proposed importance of estrogen in the regulation of IL-6. These findings do not provide support for a role of IL-6 in determination of peak bone density or subsequent development of osteoporosis. However, it is possible that plasma levels of IL-6 differ from those in the bone microenvironment. |
### Instruction:
Is 10.5-kb homozygote of tumor necrosis factor-beta gene associated with a better prognosis in gastric cancer patients?
### Response:
| The 10.5-kb homozygote of TNF-beta gene is associated with a prolonged survival in patients with gastric cancer, as has been shown in the patients with lung cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does coronary stenting decrease restenosis in lesions with early loss in luminal diameter 24 hours after successful PTCA?
### Response:
| In patients with successful PTCA but reduced luminal diameter demonstrated by repeat angiography at 24 hours, the Gianturco-Roubin stent appears to reduce angiographic restenosis at follow-up. |
### Instruction:
Does mitomycin C suppress aqueous human flow in cynomolgus monkeys?
### Response:
| Episcleral application of mitomycin C can produce at least a modest short-term reduction of aqueous humor flow in primates. Reduced aqueous flow might contribute to early postoperative hypotony following trabeculectomy with mitomycin C. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-6 stimulate rat myometrial contractions in an in vitro model?
### Response:
| IL-6 in the presence or absence of membranes, over a four log fold dose range, did not stimulate uterine contractions. |
### Instruction:
Do genes within the major histocompatibility complex predict NIDDM in African-American women in Alabama?
### Response:
| These results suggest that either one or more genes within the MHC are involved in the etiology of NIDDM. |
### Instruction:
Is intraoperative cholangiography essential to avoid duct injuries during laparoscopic cholecystectomy?
### Response:
| We think that the use of IOC to avoid bile duct injuries is not essential, and that the key to avoiding such injuries is meticulous demonstration of anatomic detail at operation. We have been satisfied with selective use of endoscopic cholangiography and sphincterotomy for the management of choledocholithiasis. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin E enhance the lymphatic transport of beta-carotene and its conversion to vitamin A in the ferret?
### Response:
| alpha-Tocopherol has a positive effect on the intestinal absorption of intact beta-carotene and may modulate the metabolic conversion of beta-carotene into retinoids. |
### Instruction:
Does the sympathetic nervous system modulate perception and reflex responses to gut distention in humans?
### Response:
| Activation of the sympathetic nervous system selectively increases visceral but not somatic sensitivity and enhances both vagally and sympathetically driven reflexes in the gut. |
### Instruction:
Do interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor levels decrease in the suction blister fluids of psoriatic patients during effective therapy?
### Response:
| These results are in agreement with a functional involvement of these two cytokines in the pathogenesis of the disease and their possible use as follow-up markers. |
### Instruction:
Do nonoperative management of splenic and hepatic trauma in the multiply injured pediatric and adolescent patient?
### Response:
| Nonoperative management of splenic and hepatic injury in multiply injured pediatric and adolescent patients, including those with head injury and injury remote from the abdomen that requires surgical intervention, is successful and is not associated with a prohibitive morbidity. |
### Instruction:
Is endogenous adenosine an antiarrhythmic agent?
### Response:
| Administration of dipyridamole is associated with elevation of [ADO]cs, with coincident prolongation of the mean Wenckebach cycle length and AV nodal functional refractory period. During SVT, dipyridamole leads to prolongation of the AH interval and tachycardia cycle length and to an increase in [ADO]cs, with termination of SVT in four patients. These results support the hypothesis that adenosine may function as an endogenous antiarrhythmic metabolite. |
### Instruction:
Does multiplane transesophageal echocardiographic doppler imaging accurately determine cardiac output measurements in critically ill patients?
### Response:
| Multiplane transesophageal echocardiography enhances the ability to estimate accurately cardiac output and stroke volume by providing new access to left ventricular outflow tract in critically ill patients. |
### Instruction:
Do predictors of failure of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation in term infants with severe respiratory failure?
### Response:
| In our patients, the presence of CDH/LH, severe respiratory failure (a/A ratio 0.05 or lower) at initiation of HFOV, and lack of improvement in oxygenation (a/A ratio 0.08 or lower after 6 hours of HFOV) were associated with failure of HFOV and treatment with ECMO. This information should help other centers to identify neonates who are at the greatest risk for requiring ECMO support and thus allow prompt transfer to an ECMO center. |
### Instruction:
Is predictive accuracy of the TRISS survival statistic improved by a modification that includes admission pH?
### Response:
| The arterial pH measurement obtained on hospital arrival and corrected for PCO2 is a significant independent predictor of survival and adds to the predictive accuracy of the TRISS survival statistic. Age, sex, and the extremity and soft tissue components of the AIS85 did not contribute to the accuracy of the TRISS statistic in this patient population. |
### Instruction:
Does tissue-type plasminogen activator predict endocrine responsiveness of human pancreatic carcinoma cells?
### Response:
| The estrogen dependency of t-PA production may clarify the functional state of ER in human pancreatic carcinoma cells. This finding may aid in planning endocrine therapy for patients with this lethal cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does quantitation of HIV-1 RNA in plasma predict outcome after seroconversion?
### Response:
| Plasma HIV-1 RNA is a strong, CD4+ T-cell-independent predictor of a rapid progression to AIDS after HIV-1 seroconversion. |
### Instruction:
Does mercaptopropionate inhibit butyrate uptake in isolated apical membrane vesicles of the rat distal colon?
### Response:
| Butyrate uptake in apical membrane vesicles of rat distal colon is mediated by a low-affinity anion transport system, which can be competitively inhibited by 3-mercaptopropionate but not by 2-bromopropionate and 4-bromobutyrate. |
### Instruction:
Does genetic diagnosis with the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique improve diagnostic precision in familial hypercholesterolemia?
### Response:
| Introduction of a simple genetic analysis based on DGGE may improve the precision of diagnosis in FH families. |
### Instruction:
Is immunosuppression by hydatidiform mole trophoblast neutralized by monoclonal antibodies to beta-interferon?
### Response:
| These results suggest that hydatidiform mole trophoblast produces a beta-IFN-like macromolecule that may abrogate maternal rejection responses that are harmful to the developing fetal allograft. |
### Instruction:
Is arterial wall thickness associated with prevalent cardiovascular disease in middle-aged adults . The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities ( ARIC ) Study?
### Response:
| These data document the substantially greater arterial wall thickness observed in middle-aged adults with prevalent cardiovascular disease. Both carotid and popliteal arterial IMT were related to clinically manifest cardiovascular disease affecting distant vascular beds, such as the cerebral, peripheral, and coronary artery vascular beds. |
### Instruction:
Is exercise-induced mitral regurgitation a predictor of morbid events in subjects with mitral valve prolapse?
### Response:
| In patients with mitral valve prolapse without mitral regurgitation at rest, exercise provokes mitral regurgitation in 32% of patients and predicts a higher risk for morbid events. |
### Instruction:
Do phospholipids prevent enteric bacterial translocation in the early stage of experimental acute liver failure in the rat?
### Response:
| Enteral administration of phospholipids thus seems to protect against translocation of enteric bacteria and prevent against a decrease in intestinal mucosal mass and enterocyte protein content after subtotal hepatectomy in the rat. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis reduce infarct size by an adenosine-dependent mechanism?
### Response:
| Infarct size limitation after inhibition of NO synthesis shares a common mechanism with that of ischemic preconditioning and is dependent on the release of adenosine. However, in this model, adenosine release after inhibition of NO synthesis is not secondary to myocardial ischemia. The protection of the heart against ischemic injury by adenosine appears to be concentration dependent. |
### Instruction:
Does pregnant women 's serum provide a novel support for human sperm hyperactivated motility?
### Response:
| PWS (10%) followed by FCS (7.5%) addition to media, especially HTF and Ham's F10, appears to enhance HA expression. |
### Instruction:
Do cD8-positive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes influence the long-term survival of patients with mycosis fungoides?
### Response:
| CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in mycosis fungoides correlate with improved survival rate and may exert an antitumor effect rather than being mere bystander cells. |
### Instruction:
Is incidence of peptic ulcer in men inversely correlated with blood pressure : study in an apparently healthy Japanese population?
### Response:
| An inverse relationship was observed between the occurrence of peptic ulcer and the blood pressure level in Japanese men, but not in women. The relationship may be mediated by an inhibitory effect of the sympathetic nervous system on ulcer formation in hypertensive subjects. The reason for the sex difference in this respect is unknown. |
### Instruction:
Does complex coronary artery lesion morphology influence results of stress echocardiography?
### Response:
| In patients with single-vessel disease without coronary occlusion or previous myocardial infarction, coronary lesion morphology of the complex type is associated with a higher DSE sensitivity and with a greater prevalence of low-dose, positive responses. Presence of irregular plaque contours, not only plaque geometry, is important in modulating stress responses in the presence of angiographically assessed coronary artery disease. |
### Instruction:
Does continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration improve survival in a canine model of septic shock?
### Response:
| The results of this study suggest that CAVH would be unlikely to provide benefit to patients with gram-negative septic shock, in the absence of renal failure. |
### Instruction:
Is panniculectomy as an integral part of pelvic operation an underutilized technique in patients with morbid obesity?
### Response:
| Conservative panniculectomy to facilitate access to the pelvic area seems to be an advantageous procedure, with good wound healing, and deserves a randomized prospective study comparing it to a vertical incisional approach to validate its technical superiority. |
### Instruction:
Does flow cytometry provide rapid and highly accurate detection of antisperm antibodies?
### Response:
| Detection of IgG, IgA, and IgM antisperm antibodies by flow cytometry is highly sensitive and specific. In addition, flow cytometry is able to assess thousands of sperm rapidly and accurately, reducing sampling error and technical time. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition reverse luteal phase steroid production in oocyte donors?
### Response:
| In stimulated cycles, inhibition of Ang II production appears to raise serum E2 and lower P levels. Angiotensin II, therefore, may have a role in the regulation of ovarian steroid synthesis. |
### Instruction:
Are interleukin-8 concentrations elevated in peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis?
### Response:
| We hypothesize that IL-8 is an important angiogenic factor that contributes to the pathogenesis of endometriosis by promoting the neovascularization of ectopic endometrial implants. |
### Instruction:
Is home use of syrup of ipecac associated with a reduction in pediatric emergency department visits?
### Response:
| Centers that recommended home use of syrup of ipecac more frequently were able to manage childhood poisoning more cost-effectively, without a decrease in safety. Although increased home management was strongly associated with syrup of ipecac use, the reason for this relationship cannot be determined from the data. Management by experienced professionals also contributed to cost-effectiveness. |
### Instruction:
Do serum interleukin-6 levels correlate with prognosis in diffuse large-cell lymphoma?
### Response:
| In patients with DLCL, elevated serum levels of IL-6 at diagnosis are frequent, strongly associated with many adverse disease features, and predictive of a poor failure-free and overall survival. |
### Instruction:
Is a dopamine D3 receptor genotype associated with hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation and resistant to ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate in female Hispanics?
### Response:
| Hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation may have a genetic component. Genetic analysis may be useful in predicting resistance to ovulation induction with clomiphene. |
### Instruction:
Is habitual abortion accompanied by low serum levels of placental protein 14 in the luteal phase of the fertile cycle?
### Response:
| Habitual aborters exhibit lower serum PP14 levels in the late luteal phase compared with normal fertile women. |
### Instruction:
Does experimental hypertension produce diverse changes in the regional vascular responses to endothelin-1 in the rabbit and the rat?
### Response:
| The increased responses to endothelin-1 of some variables in the hypertensive animals may involve structural changes in the resistance vessels. However, the reduced responses in the mesenteric vasculature of both species and the renal vasculature of the SHR are due to some mechanism other than structural change. |
### Instruction:
Is gastric emptying impaired in patients with spinal cord injury?
### Response:
| We conclude that gastric emptying is impaired in subjects with cervical SCI. Comparative studies of gastric emptying in subjects with SCI should incorporate concurrently studied, control subjects and employ experimental methods that are not constrained by truncated data collection periods. The convention of forcing GE data to conform to a monoexponential pattern of evacuation ignores time-dependent multiphasic patterns of GE and does not support serendipity. |
### Instruction:
Does insular lesion evoke autonomic effects of stroke in normotensive and hypertensive rats?
### Response:
| IC lesion in the SHR and Wistar rat therefore appears to result in autonomic changes similar to that seen after MCAO. Unlike MCAO, however, the autonomic changes do not appear to be sufficient to produce myocardial damage. |
### Instruction:
Do combined pars plana vitrectomy-lensectomy and open-loop anterior chamber lens implantation?
### Response:
| In this preliminary series of patients, open-loop, flexible, all-PMMA, Kelman-style AC IOLs appear to be well tolerated and represent a viable, simple alternative to transscleral fixation of a posterior chamber IOL or surgical aphakia in patients undergoing vitrectomy surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is impaired glucose tolerance in hypertension associated with impaired insulin release independently of changes in insulin sensitivity?
### Response:
| Impaired insulin release might contribute to the glucose intolerance associated with hypertension, and this can occur in the absence of insulin resistance, which is not present in all subjects with essential hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Is low-frequency spectral power of heart rate variability a specific marker of cardiac sympathetic modulation?
### Response:
| Although preganglionic cardiac sympathetic blockade reduced the LF/HF ratio during tilt, it did not alter spectral power in the LF band during rest or tilt. Accordingly, low-frequency spectral power is unlikely to specifically reflect cardiac sympathetic modulation in humans. |
### Instruction:
Does the regulation of HIV by retinoic acid correlate with cellular expression of the retinoic acid receptors?
### Response:
| The effect of RA on HIV-1 expression was cell-type-dependent and partially correlated with cellular expression of RARs. Endogenous or exogenously administered RA may have a significant role in HIV regulation. |
### Instruction:
Is mutant p53 protein overexpression associated with poor outcome in patients with well or moderately differentiated ovarian carcinoma?
### Response:
| The immunofluorometric measurement of mutant p53 protein accumulation in epithelial ovarian carcinomas of a low histologic grade was associated significantly with an increased risk for cancer relapse and death. A similar trend also was suggested for early stage disease and in the absence of residual tumor after surgery. These increased risks, however, were not found for patients with high grade or advanced stage cancer or for those with residual tumor. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report suggesting that p53 tumor protein accumulation is a marker of poor prognosis in a subset of patients with ovarian cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is ibutilide , a methanesulfonanilide antiarrhythmic , a potent blocker of the rapidly activating delayed rectifier K+ current ( IKr ) in AT-1 cells . Concentration- , time- , voltage- , and use-dependent effects?
### Response:
| These data suggest that the clinical actions of ibutilide are mediated at least in part by block of IKr; an effect on inward currents is not excluded. AT-1 cells are a useful model system for the study of drug block of this important repolarizing current. |
### Instruction:
Is shear-induced platelet aggregation inhibited by in vivo infusion of an anti-glycoprotein IIb/IIIa antibody fragment , c7E3 Fab , in patients undergoing coronary angioplasty?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that c7E3 Fab is a potent inhibitor of SIPA, which may be an important mechanism of its beneficial effect in the treatment of arterial occlusive diseases and in the prevention of thrombotic complications of coronary artery disease after angioplasty. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated serum lipoprotein ( a ) a risk factor for clinical recurrence after coronary balloon angioplasty?
### Response:
| An elevated Lp(a) concentration was a risk factor for clinical recurrence after percutaneous transluminal balloon coronary angioplasty. Other lipid levels or clinical characteristics were not significantly associated with recurrence. When serum was frozen and stored for a prolonged period, Lp(a) concentration decreased over time. |
### Instruction:
Are non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and fasting glucose and insulin concentrations associated with arterial stiffness indexes . The ARIC Study . Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study?
### Response:
| Our findings are compatible with the view that persons with NIDDM or borderline glucose intolerance have stiffer arteries than their counterparts with normal glucose tolerance and that the decreased elasticity is independent of artery wall thickness. The joint effect of elevated glucose, insulin, and triglycerides can have a considerable impact on arterial stiffness and play an important role in the early pathophysiology of macrovascular disease in NIDDM. |
### Instruction:
Do an evaluation of fit in osseointegrated implant components using torque/turn analysis?
### Response:
| This study suggests that screw position can be an indicator of fit in dental implant prostheses if the end point of screw rotation is adequately indexed, specific to each assembly and screw. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelial cell seeding fail to attenuate intimal thickening in balloon-injured rabbit arteries?
### Response:
| We conclude that seeding with autologous venous ECs accelerated restoration of the endothelial monolayer but failed to attenuate IH in balloon-injured rabbit arteries. Further studies are necessary to determine the functional properties of seeded endothelium and to examine the effect of EC seeding on intimal thickening in other clinically relevant models. |
### Instruction:
Does the anastomosis angle do change the flow fields at vascular end-to-side anastomoses in vivo?
### Response:
| The anastomosis angle does change the flow fields at vascular end-to-side anastomoses in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Is dry eye with only decreased tear break-up time sometimes associated with allergic conjunctivitis?
### Response:
| These results support the authors' hypothesis that decreased break-up time is in part associated with the decreased goblet cell density caused by allergic conjunctivitis. |
### Instruction:
Is buccal absorption of fentanyl pH-dependent in dogs?
### Response:
| The buccal absorption, bioavailability, and permeability of fentanyl are markedly increased as the pH of the fentanyl solution becomes more basic. Most likely, this is because of an increase in the fraction of unionized fentanyl. |
### Instruction:
Is increased insulin-like growth factor 1 production by human osteoarthritic chondrocytes dependent on growth hormone action?
### Response:
| This study indicates that the elevated synthesis of IGF-1 by adult human OA chondrocytes occurs through a GH/GHR-independent mechanism, suggesting that other factors are capable of controlling local IGF-1 production in these cells. |
### Instruction:
Are hLA-DR and HLA-DQ markers for rapid disease progression in primary sclerosing cholangitis?
### Response:
| The HLA-associated genetic susceptibility to PSC cannot be attributed to specific amino acid positions of the DR beta chains. The highly discrepant results obtained in two previously reported studies and the present investigation indicate that HLA class II alleles are not markers for a more aggressive clinical course in PSC. |
### Instruction:
Does retinopathy in galactosemic dogs continue to progress after cessation of galactosemia?
### Response:
| The fact that retinopathy did not halt promptly at intervention is consistent with previous data from diabetic dogs and suggests that the vascular lesions may be due to sequelae of excessive tissue aldohexose that are not promptly corrected by correction of the aldohexose level. |
### Instruction:
Does nitroglycerin decrease medial smooth muscle cell proliferation after arterial balloon injury?
### Response:
| Nitroglycerin decreased medial cellular proliferation after balloon injury and had no significant effect on intimal proliferation. The size of the neointimal lesion was not affected by nitroglycerin therapy. |
### Instruction:
Are melanoma and vitiligo associated with antibody responses to similar antigens on pigment cells?
### Response:
| Most patients with melanoma or with vitiligo develop antibodies to similar antigens that are present both on melanocytes and on melanoma cells. These findings support the hypothesis that the clinical link between the two diseases results from immune responses to antigens shared by normal and malignant pigment cells. |
### Instruction:
Does the membrane lipid cholesterol modulate anesthetic actions on a human brain ion channel?
### Response:
| These results support a critical role for the lipid membrane in some anesthetic actions and further indicate that differences in lipid composition must be considered in the interpretation of results when comparing the anesthetic potencies of potential targets in model systems. |
### Instruction:
Do endothelin-1 and prostaglandin E2 levels increase in patients with burns?
### Response:
| The increased plasma ET-1 response in patients with burns may have a role in the genesis of the systemic response to burns. This peptide may also activate monocyte production of PGE2 and other mediators of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome. This study was done to measure ET-1 and PGE2 levels in patients with burns greater than 20 percent of the body surface area on admission, at 12, 24, and 48 hours. The correlations between severity of burn, ET-1 levels, and PGE2 production were also assessed. |
### Instruction:
Is variability of serum thyroglobulin levels determined by a major gene?
### Response:
| Complex segregation analysis using the computer program Pointer suggested that variability in Tg levels was the result of a major dominant-like gene effect (accounting for 80% of the variability) combined with a multifactorial component. Thyroglobulin, a template for thyroid hormone production, is also a major thyroid autoantigen and inherited variations in serum Tg levels may have implications for the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease. |
### Instruction:
Does the use of cranial CT scan in the triage of pediatric patients with mild head injury?
### Response:
| Among children with a normal cranial CT scan after mild head injury, delayed intracranial sequelae requiring intervention are extremely uncommon. In otherwise stable patients, a normal cranial CT scan can identify patients to be safely discharged from the emergency department, and would be more cost-effective than 1 to 2 days of hospital observation. |
### Instruction:
Does gestational age correlate with immunosuppressive properties of hydatidiform mole pregnancies?
### Response:
| The results of this study suggest that production of immunosuppressive factors by hydatidiform mole trophoblast is developmentally regulated, and decreases with advancing gestation. |
### Instruction:
Does nitric oxide block bile canalicular contraction by inhibiting inositol trisphosphate-dependent calcium mobilization?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that nitric oxide interferes with Ca2+ signals by cGMP-mediated inhibition of the InsP3 receptor/Ca2+ channel and that hepatocellular production of nitric oxide may be cholestatic by impairing canalicular motility. |
### Instruction:
Is liver cell dysplasia a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis : a prospective study?
### Response:
| These results indicate that liver cell dysplasia is a major risk factor for HCC, and it should be looked for carefully by pathologists in liver biopsy specimens to identify patients requiring more intensive observation. |
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