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### Instruction:
Does [ Water-soluble chemical constituents from Elaeagnus pungens leave ]?
### Response:
| Compound 2 separated from E. pungens leaves was a new compound. |
### Instruction:
Does pulmonary artery dilatation correlate with the risk of unexpected death in chronic arterial or thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension?
### Response:
| PA dilatation emerges as an independent risk factor for death unexplained by right ventricular failure or comorbidities in patients with PAH and CTEPH. The possible mechanisms include, but are not limited to, PA compression of the left main coronary artery, PA rupture, or dissection with cardiac tamponade. |
### Instruction:
Is arterial stiffness increased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease?
### Response:
| Arterial stiffness is increased in patients with IBD independently of conventional cardiovascular risk factors. |
### Instruction:
Does tAT-mediated photochemical internalization result in cell killing by causing the release of calcium into the cytosol of cells?
### Response:
| TMR-TAT mediated photochemical internalization leads to a disruption of calcium homeostasis. The subsequent import of calcium in mitochondria is a causative factor of the cell death that accompanies photochemical internalization. General significance Understanding how the lysis of endocytic organelles affects cellular physiology and causes cell death is crucial to the development of optimal delivery methodologies. |
### Instruction:
Does vP2118 have major roles in Vibrio parahaemolyticus response to oxidative stress?
### Response:
| VP2118 is the primary V. parahaemolyticus SOD and is vital for anti-oxidative stress responses. |
### Instruction:
Does calcium mediate high glucose-induced HIF-1α and VEGF expression in cultured rat retinal Müller cells through CaMKII-CREB pathway?
### Response:
| HG-induced HIF-1α and VEGF expression in cultured rat retinal Müller cells depends on intracellular free Ca(2+) and activation of CaMKII-CREB pathway. The activation of CaMKII-CREB pathway by HG may be a possible mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. |
### Instruction:
Does tissue plasminogen activator attenuate ventilator-induced lung injury in rats?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that VILI increases lung PAI-1 mRNA expression, plasma levels of PAI-1 and D-dimers, lung injury score and vascular fibrin deposition. tPA can attenuate VILI by decreasing capillary-alveolar protein leakage as well as local and systemic coagulation as shown by decreased lung vascular fibrin deposition and plasma D-dimers. |
### Instruction:
Does sulfur dioxide attenuate LPS-induced acute lung injury via enhancing polymorphonuclear neutrophil apoptosis?
### Response:
| SO(2) plays an important role as the modulator of PMN apoptosis during LPS-induced ALI, which might be one of the mechanisms underlying the protective action of SO(2) on pulmonary diseases. |
### Instruction:
Do basophils and mast cells play critical roles for leukocyte recruitment in IgE-mediated cutaneous reverse passive Arthus reaction?
### Response:
| While mast cells play a central role, basophils also have an important function, especially for eosinophil recruitment, in IgE-mediated cutaneous reverse passive Arthus reaction. |
### Instruction:
Does astragaloside IV alleviate hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced neonatal rat cardiomyocyte injury via the protein kinase a pathway?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the cardioprotection of As-IV may be through the upregulation of PKA and Ser(16)-PLN, thereby restoring SERCA2a function in H/R injury. |
### Instruction:
Does toll-like receptor 7 protect from atherosclerosis by constraining `` inflammatory '' macrophage activation?
### Response:
| These findings provide evidence for a beneficial role of TLR7 in atherosclerosis by constraining inflammatory macrophage activation and cytokine production. This challenges the prevailing concept that all TLRs are pathogenic and supports the exploitation of the TLR7 pathway for therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does sorafenib attenuate monocrotaline-induced sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in rats through suppression of JNK and MMP-9?
### Response:
| Sorafenib reduced the severity of MCT-induced SOS in rats through suppression of MMP-9 and JNK activity, resulting in improvement of survival after hepatectomy. |
### Instruction:
Does deconvolution analysis of 24-h serum cortisol profiles inform the amount and distribution of hydrocortisone replacement therapy?
### Response:
| These observations suggest that the daily hydrocortisone replacement dose should be equivalent on average to 6.3 mg/m(2) body surface area/day in adults and 8.0 mg/m(2) body surface area/day in children. Differences in distribution of the total daily dose between older adults and young children need to be taken into account when using a three or four times per day dosing regimen. |
### Instruction:
Do high-normal Glucose Levels in Non-diabetic and Pre-diabetic Men Are Associated with Decreased Testosterone Levels?
### Response:
| Our study indicates that high-normal fasting glucose levels are associated with decreased testosterone levels in non-diabetic and pre-diabetic men. |
### Instruction:
Is d-dimer a significant prognostic factor in patients with suspected infection and sepsis?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that high levels of DD are associated with 28-day mortality in patients with infection or sepsis identified in the emergency department. |
### Instruction:
Does posterior leaflet augmentation in ischemic mitral regurgitation increase leaflet coaptation and mobility?
### Response:
| Posterior leaflet augmentation combined with standard-sized annuloplasty enhances leaflet coaptation more effectively than either standard-sized annuloplasty or undersized annuloplasty alone. Increased leaflet coaptation after PLA provides redundancy to IMR repair, and may decrease incidence of both recurrent IMR and mitral stenosis. |
### Instruction:
Do variations in the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway predict pulmonary complications?
### Response:
| Genetic variations in the VEGF pathway are associated with risk of pulmonary complications after lobectomy. This may offer insight into the underlying biological mechanisms of pulmonary complications. |
### Instruction:
Does onion ( Allium cepa ) extract attenuate brain edema?
### Response:
| The results from this study demonstrate that onion extract prevents brain edema, BBB hyperpermeability, and tight junction proteins disruption, possibly through its antioxidant effects in the mouse MCAO model. This study suggests that onion extract may be a beneficial nutrient for the prevention of BBB function during brain ischemia. |
### Instruction:
Does the Nuremberg Code subvert human health and safety by requiring animal modeling?
### Response:
| We review the history of these requirements and contrast what was known via science about animal models then with what is known now. We further analyze the predictive value of animal models when used as test subjects for human response to drugs and disease. We explore the use of animals for models in toxicity testing as an example of the problem with using animal models. |
### Instruction:
Is female gender a risk factor for pain , discomfort , and fatigue after laparoscopic groin hernia repair?
### Response:
| Women experienced more pain, discomfort, and fatigue compared with men after laparoscopic groin hernia repair. |
### Instruction:
Is diastolic function reduced in adolescents with type 1 diabetes in response to exercise?
### Response:
| Adolescents with type 1 diabetes have reduced exercise capacity and display alterations in cardiac function compared with nondiabetic control subjects, associated with reduced stroke volume during exercise. |
### Instruction:
Does insulin receptor substrate-1 prevent autophagy-dependent cell death caused by oxidative stress in mouse NIH/3T3 cells?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that overexpression of IRS-1 promotes cells growth, inhibits basal autophagy, reduces oxidative stress-induced autophagy, and diminishes oxidative stress-mediated autophagy-dependent cell death. ROS-mediated autophagy may occur via inhibition of IRS-1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mTOR signaling. Our data afford a plausible explanation for IRS-1 involvement in tumor initiation and progression. |
### Instruction:
Is kidney function decline after a non-dialysis-requiring acute kidney injury associated with higher long-term mortality in critically ill survivors?
### Response:
| In critically ill patients who survive a non-dialysis-requiring AKI, there is a need for continuous monitoring and kidney function protection beyond discharge. |
### Instruction:
Does downstream Toll-like receptor signaling mediate adaptor-specific cytokine expression following focal cerebral ischemia?
### Response:
| Both MyD88 and TRIF mediate pathway-specific cytokine production following focal cerebral ischemia. Our results also suggest a compensatory Th2-type skew at baseline in MyD88(-/-) mice and a paradoxical switch to a Th1 phenotype following focal cerebral ischemia. The MyD88 pathway directs the expression of neutrophil chemoattractants following cerebral ischemia. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Analysis of distribution characteristics and drug resistance of 2748 strains of pathogens isolated from burn patients ]?
### Response:
| The three dominant pathogens that cause infection in burn patients hospitalized in Institute of Burn Research of Southwest Hospital in recent years are PA, SA, and AB in order. PA and AB are outstandingly multidrug-resistant among the isolated strains. AB might replace PA as the main pathogenic bacterium that cause the death of burn patients with infection. |
### Instruction:
Does endoplasmic reticulum stress modulate liver inflammatory immune response in the pathogenesis of liver ischemia and reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| Our study documents a potential immune regulatory role of ER stress in the mechanism of liver IRI and provides a rationale for targeting stress response as a new therapeutic means to ameliorate tissue inflammation in organ transplant recipients. |
### Instruction:
Is liver cirrhosis but not alcohol abuse associated with impaired outcome in trauma patients - a retrospective , multicentre study?
### Response:
| Patients suffering from liver cirrhosis presented impaired outcome after multiple injuries. Pre-existing condition such as cirrhosis should be implemented in trauma scores to assess the individual mortality risk profile. |
### Instruction:
Do synthesized OVA323-339MAP octamers mitigate OVA-induced airway inflammation by regulating Foxp3 T regulatory cells?
### Response:
| Our study indicates that OVA323-339MAP had significant therapeutic effects on mice allergic airway inflammation by regulating the balance of Th1/Th2 response through Treg cells in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Is reassessment of blood culture-negative endocarditis : its profile similar to that of blood culture-positive endocarditis?
### Response:
| Currently, previous antibiotic therapy is no longer more prevalent in patients with blood culture-negative endocarditis. This entity does not imply a delayed diagnosis and worse prognosis compared with blood culture-positive endocarditis. In-hospital clinical course, the need for surgery and mortality are similar to those in patients with blood culture-positive endocarditis. Full English text available from:www.revespcardiol.org. |
### Instruction:
Are pTEN and PDCD4 bona fide targets of microRNA-21 in human cholangiocarcinoma?
### Response:
| microRNA-21 expression is up-regulated in human cholangiocarcinoma and PTEN, PDCD4 are direct effectors of microRNA-21. |
### Instruction:
Does a comparison of cancer burden and research spending reveal discrepancies in the distribution of research funding?
### Response:
| These discrepancies indicate that an improved method of health care research funding allocation should be investigated to better match funding levels to societal burden. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Capsular saliva acid of Streptococcus suis 2 influence virulence and host inflammatory responses ]?
### Response:
| Capsular saliva acid affects bacterial virulence and host cell inflammation response. As an important virulence factor of Streptococcus suis type 2, it can damage the blood brain barrier and cause meningitis. |
### Instruction:
Is computer-based symptom assessment feasible in patients with advanced cancer : results from an international multicenter study , the EPCRC-CSA?
### Response:
| The high completion rate shows that symptom assessment by computers is feasible in patients with advanced cancer. However, reduced performance status reduces compliance and increases the need for assistance. Future work should aim at identifying the minimum set of valid screening questions and refine the software to optimize symptom assessment and reduce respondent burden in frail patients. |
### Instruction:
Are heat shock proteins therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases and other chronic inflammatory conditions?
### Response:
| Therapeutic approaches via exploitation of antigen-specific Tregs will benefit from tailor-made combination therapies. Combining current therapeutic approaches with Hsp-specific therapies thereby enhancing natural immune regulation might expedite the entry of antigen-specific regulatory T cells into the therapeutic arsenal of the anti-inflammatory therapeutics. |
### Instruction:
Does let-7b regulate the expression of the growth hormone receptor gene in deletion-type dwarf chickens?
### Response:
| There is a critical miRNA, let-7b, involved in the regulation of GHR. SOCS3 plays a critical role in regulating skeletal muscle growth and fat deposition via let-7b-mediated GHR expression. |
### Instruction:
Do omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids promote liver regeneration after 90 % hepatectomy in rats?
### Response:
| Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may prevent acute liver failure and promote liver regeneration after 90% hepatectomy in rats. |
### Instruction:
Do portuguese recommendations for the use of biological therapies in patients with axial spondyloarthritis -- December 2011 update?
### Response:
| These recommendations may be used for guidance in deciding which patients with axial spondyloarthritis should be treated with biological therapies. They cover a rapidly evolving area of therapeutic intervention. As more evidence becomes available and more biological therapies are licensed, these recommendations will have to be updated. |
### Instruction:
Is preoperative BRAF mutation predictive of occult contralateral carcinoma in patients with unilateral papillary thyroid microcarcinoma?
### Response:
| Total thyroidectomy, including the contralateral lobe, should be considered for the treatment of unilateral PTMC if preoperative BRAF mutation is positive and/or if the observed lesion presents as a multifocal tumor in the unilateral lobe. |
### Instruction:
Does rotavirus infection of human cholangiocytes parallel the murine model of biliary atresia?
### Response:
| Both immortalized and primary human cholangiocytes are susceptible to RRV infection in a fashion similar to murine cholangiocytes. These novel findings suggest rotavirus infection could have a potential role in the pathogenesis of human BA. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Expression of TEKT4 protein decrease in the ejaculated spermatozoa of idiopathic asthenozoospermic men ]?
### Response:
| The expression of TEKT4 is significantly decreased in the ejaculated sperm of idiopathic asthenozoospermia patients, which might be one of the causes of idiopathic asthenozoospermia. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Icariin reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress injury in diabetic rat hearts ]?
### Response:
| Treatment with icariin for 8 weeks markedly improved the cardiac function, which may be related to reducing mitochondrial oxidative stress injuries in diabetic rats. |
### Instruction:
Does intra-articular injection of mesenchymal stem cells expressing coagulation factor ameliorate hemophilic arthropathy in factor VIII-deficient mice?
### Response:
| MSCs provide a promising autologous cell source for the production of coagulation factor. Intra-articular injection of MSCs expressing coagulation factor may offer an attractive treatment approach for hemophilic arthropathy. |
### Instruction:
Does a haemoperitoneum indicate active bleeding in the peritoneum in 50 % of hypotensive blunt trauma patients : a study of 110 severe trauma patients?
### Response:
| Haemoperitoneum was associated with PAB in only 52% of hypotensive blunt trauma patients and 63% of bleeding patients. In contrast, 59% of bleeding patients had at least one EPAB. The screening of a haemoperitoneum as a marker of active haemorrhagic source may be confusing and lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate strategy. Clinician should exclude carefully the presence of any EPAB explaining haemorrhagic shock, before to decide haemostatic treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does the sequence of administration of 1.5 % mepivacaine and 0.5 % bupivacaine affect latency of block onset or duration of analgesia in ultrasound-guided interscalene block?
### Response:
| The sequence in which 15 mL mepivacaine 1.5% and 15 mL bupivacaine 0.5% are administered does not seem to have a clinically meaningful effect on duration or onset of ultrasound-guided interscalene brachial plexus block. |
### Instruction:
Is 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in patients with non-diabetic chronic kidney disease?
### Response:
| 25(OH)D deficiency is strongly associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in non-diabetic patients with severe CKD not yet on dialysis, independent of cardiometabolic risk factors and other important regulators of mineral metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Is rs11203203 associated with type 1 diabetes risk in population pre-screened for high-risk HLA-DR , DQ genotypes?
### Response:
| UBASH3A appears to be an independent predictor of IA and T1D in children, including those free of family history of T1D but carrying the HLA-DR3/4,DQB1*0302 genotype. If confirmed, UBASH3A may prove useful in T1D risk prediction and pre-screening of the general population children for clinical trials. |
### Instruction:
Is perfusion-weighted imaging-derived collateral flow index a predictor of MCA M1 recanalization after i.v . thrombolysis?
### Response:
| The nCCD index is a predictor of full MCA-M1 recanalization in patients treated with i.v. thrombolysis. |
### Instruction:
Does 11C-methionine uptake correlate with combined 1p and 19q loss of heterozygosity in oligodendroglial tumors?
### Response:
| The T/N ratio on MET PET might be a useful aid to the diagnosis of 1p/19q LOH. Our data add new information on the biology and imaging characteristics of oligodendroglial tumors with 1p/19q LOH. |
### Instruction:
Does nitric oxide mediate the blood pressure response to mental stress in humans?
### Response:
| Mental stress causes pressor and sympathoexcitatory effects in humans that are mediated by NO. These findings are consistent with the new concept that, in contrast to what has been generally assumed, under some circumstances, NO has a blood pressure raising action in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does the flavonoid morin restore blood pressure and lipid metabolism in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats?
### Response:
| Morin has a potential role in attenuating severe hypertension and hyperlipedimia. |
### Instruction:
Does amygdalin inhibit angiogenesis in the cultured endothelial cells of diabetic rats?
### Response:
| Therefore, amygdalin exerts inhibitory effects on angiogenesis in aortic rings of diabetic rats and may pave a new way for treatment of unfavorable angiogenic conditions. |
### Instruction:
Is epicardial adipose tissue increased in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?
### Response:
| The increased EAT volume seen in SLE patients is associated with corticosteroid use. Corticosteroids could have adverse cardiovascular effects in SLE via an increase in EAT volume, a marker of risk in the general population. |
### Instruction:
Is high-dose plasmid-mediated VEGF gene transfer safe in patients with severe ischemic heart disease ( Genesis-I ) . A phase I , open-label , two-year follow-up trial?
### Response:
| High-dose intramyocardial pVEGF165 is safe at 2 years follow-up in patients with severe CAD. The efficacy results observed must be taken cautiously given the uncontrolled, open-label study design. |
### Instruction:
Is vein graft neointimal hyperplasia exacerbated by CXCR4 signaling in vein graft-extrinsic cells?
### Response:
| We conclude that CXCR4 contributes to vein graft neointimal hyperplasia through mechanisms that alter homing to the vein graft of graft-extrinsic cells, particularly leukocytes. |
### Instruction:
Is eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation superior to methacholine challenge testing for detecting airway hyperreactivity in nonathletes?
### Response:
| EIB is common in nonathletes with exercise-induced symptoms, and EVH is the preferred test for this population. |
### Instruction:
Do one stage reconstruction of skull exposed by burn injury using a tissue expansion technique?
### Response:
| Successful coverage was performed by tissue expansion surgery in burned skull primarily and no secondary reconstruction was needed. Although the risks of osteomyelitis during the expansion period were present, constant coverage of the injured skull and active wound treatment helped successful primary reconstruction of burned skull by tissue expansion. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Hydrogen sulfide stimulate the development of rat glioblastoma ]?
### Response:
| H(2)S serves as a stimulator in the development of rat glioblastoma and exogenous H(2)S strongly promotes the tumor growth. The stimulating mechanisms include the increase of HIF-1α expression and neovascular formation. H(2)S may be a significant regulator in the development of tumor. |
### Instruction:
Does colostrum of healthy mothers contain broad spectrum of secretory IgA autoantibodies?
### Response:
| The broad spectrum of polyreactive natural autoantibodies present in human colostrum may contribute to proper development of mucosal immune system of the breastfed infant. |
### Instruction:
Does brushing force of manual and sonic toothbrushes affect dental hard tissue abrasion?
### Response:
| Brushing forces of manual and sonic toothbrushes are different and affect their abrasive capacity. |
### Instruction:
Is reduced CD151 expression related to advanced tumour stage in urothelial bladder cancer?
### Response:
| On the basis of our data we conclude that loss of CD151 may contribute to bladder cancer progression through attenuation of cell adhesion. In clinically defined subgroups CD151 expression does not provide additional prognostic information. |
### Instruction:
Does radiation impair perineural invasion by modulating the nerve microenvironment?
### Response:
| Radiation may impair PNI through not only direct effects on cancer cell viability, but also an independent interruption of paracrine mechanisms underlying PNI. RT modulation of the nerve microenvironment may decrease PNI, and hold significant therapeutic implications for RT dosing and field design for patients with cancers exhibiting PNI. |
### Instruction:
Does iL-15 expression on RA synovial fibroblasts promote B cell survival?
### Response:
| IL-15 expression on RASFib significantly contributes to the anti-apoptotic effect of RASFib on B cells. IL-15 action is facilitated by BAFF and VCAM-1 expressed on RASFib, through an upregulation of IL-15R chains. |
### Instruction:
Do marginal and internal fit of two different zirconium copings fabricated on the implant abutment?
### Response:
| These two types of zirconium coping have clinically acceptable marginal and internal fit. The internal fit of zirconium coping may be affected by different manufacturing techniques. |
### Instruction:
Are oral contraceptive use in girls and alcohol consumption in boys associated with increased blood pressure in late adolescence?
### Response:
| In addition to gender-related differences in the effects of adiposity on BP, we found lifestyle-related health behaviours such as high salt intake for both sexes, consumption of alcohol in boys, and OC use in girls were important factors associated with BP measurements in late adolescence. This suggests that gender-specific behavioural modification in adolescence may prevent adult hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Do epidemiologic evaluation of patients with major burns and recommendations for burn prevention?
### Response:
| In our study, children in the 0-5 age group were found to be the most commonly affected group with respect to indoor burns. The basic contributing factor is that children spend more time in the house and are more active. Scalding burns may be prevented when greater care is taken when using hot liquids that may lead to indoor burns. Informing parents on this issue is of first priority. |
### Instruction:
Does cytokine production increases and cytokine clearance decrease in mice with bilateral nephrectomy?
### Response:
| Increased mononuclear phagocyte production and impaired renal clearance contribute to serum cytokine accumulation in AKI, independent of kidney injury. The effect of AKI on cytokine production and clearance may contribute to the increased mortality of patients with AKI. |
### Instruction:
Do patients with cystic fibrosis have inducible IL-17+IL-22+ memory cells in lung draining lymph nodes?
### Response:
| Inducible proliferation of TH17(22) with memory cell characteristics is seen in the lungs of patients with CF. The function of these individual subpopulations will require further study regarding their development. T cells are likely not the exclusive producers of IL-17 and IL-22, and this will require further characterization. |
### Instruction:
Does glucose control predict 2-year change in lipid profile in youth with type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| Improved glucose control over a 2-year follow-up was associated with a more favorable lipid profile but may be insufficient to normalize lipids in dyslipidemic T1D youth needing to decrease lipids to goal. |
### Instruction:
Do polymeric nanoparticles containing taxanes enhance chemoradiotherapeutic efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer?
### Response:
| We have demonstrated the feasibility of PNP-taxanes to enhance the efficacy of chemoradiation therapy. These results suggest PNP-taxanes can hold an invaluable and promising position in treating human cancers as a novel and effective chemoradiation therapy agent. |
### Instruction:
Does hepatocellular carcinoma predict in-hospital mortality from acute variceal hemorrhage among patients with cirrhosis?
### Response:
| HCC predicts in-hospital mortality from AVH in patients with cirrhosis. Studies are needed to examine and understand mechanisms of these findings to further develop better modalities of management of AVH in patients with cirrhosis and HCC. |
### Instruction:
Do fasting glucose levels within the high normal range predict cardiovascular outcome?
### Response:
| Elevated CVD risk is strongly and independently associated with glucose levels within the normoglycemic range. Fasting plasma glucose may help in identifying apparently healthy persons with early metabolic abnormalities who are at increased risk for CVD before progression to prediabetes and overt diabetes mellitus. |
### Instruction:
Is second measurement of morning systolic blood pressure more closely associated with albuminuria?
### Response:
| The second measurement of morning systolic blood pressure is more closely associated with albuminuria than the first measurement of the morning in addition to clinic systolic blood pressure. |
### Instruction:
Does akt1 mediate prostate cancer cell microinvasion and chemotaxis to metastatic stimuli via integrin β₃ affinity modulation?
### Response:
| Our data is the first to demonstrate a link between Akt1 activity and affinity modulation of integrin β(3) in the regulation of prostate cancer cell motility, transendothelial migration and chemotaxis to metastatic stimuli. |
### Instruction:
Do patients with celiac disease have an increased risk for pancreatitis?
### Response:
| Based on an analysis of medical records from Sweden, patients with celiac disease have an almost 3-fold increase in risk of developing pancreatitis, compared with the general population. |
### Instruction:
Is endoscopic and histological gastric lesions in children with celiac disease : mucosal involvement only confined to the duodenum?
### Response:
| Gastritis is a common finding in children with CD and adolescents. In celiac subjects, CSG is the most frequently detected. Our data suggest the hypothesis that LG may be related to a longer exposure to gluten. The presence of GPCA may suggest the presence of an underlying autoimmune process. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Medical students ' pleasure for participating in peer assessment ]?
### Response:
| knowing the explanations given by the MS to support their agreement with the pleasure for participating in peer assessment allows a more adequate approach to conflicts. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Systemic steroids use in second degree burn using an animal model ]?
### Response:
| the use of steroids in burns only showed difference in vascular proliferation. |
### Instruction:
Are concomitant symptoms itemized in the Reflux Disease Questionnaire associated with attenuated heartburn response to acid suppression?
### Response:
| Other concomitant RDQ items, particularly "substernal pain" or "dyspepsia-pain", were associated with a reduced treatment effect of acid suppression on "substernal burning". These findings support the use of a more comprehensive assessment of disease state and treatment response in GERD trials and clinical practice. |
### Instruction:
Does the C57BL/6 genetic background confer cardioprotection in iron-overloaded mice?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that C57bl/6 mice are resistant to iron overload-induced myocardial injury and that treatment with propranolol is able to increase cardiac performance in iron-overloaded mice. However, since C57bl/6 mice were resistant to iron-induced injury, it remains to be evaluated further whether propranolol could prevent iron-overload cardiomyopathy. |
### Instruction:
Does early childhood television viewing predict explosive leg strength and waist circumference by middle childhood?
### Response:
| Watching television excessively in early childhood, may eventually compromise muscular fitness and waist circumference in children as they approach pubertal age. |
### Instruction:
Does expiratory loading improve cardiac output during exercise in heart failure?
### Response:
| Expiratory loading during moderate exercise elicited increases in SVI and CI in patients with heart failure but decreased SVI and CI in healthy individuals. Improvements in cardiac function during submaximal exercise in patients with heart failure may be caused by a beneficial reduction in left ventricular preload. |
### Instruction:
Does mindfulness-based stress reduction ( MBSR ) improve long-term mental fatigue after stroke or traumatic brain injury?
### Response:
| The results from the present study show that MBSR may be a promising non-pharmacological treatment for mental fatigue after a stroke or TBI. |
### Instruction:
Does a drug-like antagonist inhibit thyrotropin receptor-mediated stimulation of cAMP production in Graves ' orbital fibroblasts?
### Response:
| These data confirm previous findings that TSHR activation may cause increased cAMP production in GOFs and show that NCGC00229600 can inhibit TSHR activation in GOFs. These findings suggest that drug-like TSHR antagonists may have a role in treatment of GO. |
### Instruction:
Is biofilm formation by otopathogenic strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa consistently inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid?
### Response:
| Our hypothesis was disproven: EDTA tends to delay biofilm development, although it consistently inhibits planktonic growth. Because EDTA does not cause suppression of biofilm production in all isolates of OPPA, usefulness as an antimicrobial is questioned. |
### Instruction:
Does glycoprotein 96 perpetuate the persistent inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| These observations support the notion that gp96 plays a role as an endogenous TLR-2 ligand in RA and identify the TLR-2 pathway as a therapeutic target. |
### Instruction:
Do humeral stress remodelling locations differ in Thoroughbred racehorses training and racing on dirt compared to synthetic racetrack surfaces?
### Response:
| Race surface affected humeral scintigraphic lesion location and hence the location of stress remodelling. Lesion severity was associated with lesion location. Complete humeral fracture was associated with caudoproximal stress remodelling and lack of scintigraphic examination. |
### Instruction:
Is white matter microstructure on diffusion tensor imaging associated with conventional magnetic resonance imaging findings and cognitive function in adolescents born preterm?
### Response:
| DTI contributes to understanding individual differences after preterm birth but may not differentiate a relatively high-functioning group of preterm children from a matched group of term-born children. |
### Instruction:
Is icariin associated with exercise therapy an effective treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis?
### Response:
| Exercise combined with icariin had a synergistic effect in the early prevention of osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats. The effects of icariin and exercise on osteoporosis are worth further exploration. |
### Instruction:
Are preterm twin and triplet pregnancies at increased risk for the development of cystic periventricular leukomalacia?
### Response:
| We found an increased risk for PVL in preterm twin and triplet pregnancies. |
### Instruction:
Do patients undergoing colorectal cancer screening underestimate their cancer risk and delay presentation for screening?
### Response:
| Individuals with a positive CRC family history are initiating screening approximately four years earlier than those without a family history; nevertheless, both groups are undergoing screening well past current guideline recommendations. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Nitric oxide act as an excitatory neurotransmitter at hypoglossal motor nucleus ]?
### Response:
| Acting as an excitatory neurotransmitter of HMN, NO may contribute to the patency of upper airway physiologically. |
### Instruction:
Does variation in the autism candidate gene GABRB3 modulate tactile sensitivity in typically developing children?
### Response:
| This is the first human study to show an association between GABRB3 variation and tactile sensitivity. This provides support for the evidence from animal models implicating the role of GABRB3 variation in the atypical sensory sensitivity in autism spectrum conditions. Future research is underway to directly test this association in cases of autism spectrum conditions. |
### Instruction:
Does proteomic analysis indicate altered expression of plasma proteins in a rat nephropathy model?
### Response:
| Significant differences in plasma proteins can be identified by proteomic analysis using SELDI-TOF-MS in a rat model of nephropathy. |
### Instruction:
Does genetic counseling fulfill the counselees ' need for certainty in hereditary breast/ovarian cancer families : an explorative assessment?
### Response:
| The counselees' NfC needs more attention in research and practice, for example, when the potential uncertainties of testing are discussed. The counselees' NfC may be assessed and used in tailored, mutual communication of DNA test results. |
### Instruction:
Does cD44 rs13347 C > T polymorphism predict breast cancer risk and prognosis in Chinese populations?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that CD44 rs13347C>T polymorphism may affect breast cancer development and prognosis by increasing CD44 expression. |
### Instruction:
Does insulin order set improve glycemic control and processes of care?
### Response:
| Standardized insulin order sets reduced hyperglycemia and improved nursing satisfaction and processes of care. Successful implementation required stakeholder engagement, identification of barriers and facilitators in local practice, and tailoring the intervention to target these factors. |
### Instruction:
Does toll-like receptor 2 deficiency increase resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia in the setting of sepsis-induced immune dysfunction?
### Response:
| In a model of secondary P. aeruginosa pneumonia in postseptic mice, TLR2 deficiency improves survival by promoting efficient bacterial clearance and restoring a proinflammatory cytokine balance in the lung. |
### Instruction:
Does altered left ventricular longitudinal diastolic function correlate with reduced systolic function immediately after anthracycline chemotherapy?
### Response:
| Altered LV diastolic function was observed immediately after the administration of therapeutic doses of anthracycline chemotherapy. Furthermore, our analysis indicates that the changes in diastolic function are associated with reduced systolic function. |
### Instruction:
Do a review on an update of NS5B polymerase hepatitis C virus inhibitors?
### Response:
| In the past decade, intensive hard work has focused on the discovery of both structural and nonstructural inhibitors of the HCV NS5B polymerase. These demanding efforts have resulted in various promising agents advancing in clinical development with emphasis on clinical efficacy and impact for future combination studies. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-8 induce the endothelial cell migration through the Rac 1/RhoA-p38MAPK pathway?
### Response:
| Our study demonstrates that IL-8-Rac1/RhoA-p38MAPK signaling pathway plays a vital role in the IL-8-induced endothelial cell migration, and it provides new insight into the molecular mechanisms by which IL-8 contributes to tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. |
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