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### Instruction:
Is renal phenotype of ET-1 transgenic mice modulated by androgens?
### Response:
| Our study demonstrates that the renal histopathological phenotype in male ET-1 transgenic mice with regard to glomerulosclerosis, proteinuria, perivascular fibrosis and immune cell immigration is ameliorated by castration. We thus conclude that the effects of ET-1 overexpression on renal tissue injury are modulated by androgens. |
### Instruction:
Is rho-kinase , but not protein kinase C , involved in generation of the spontaneous tone in the resting phase of the isolated pig iris sphincter muscle?
### Response:
| These results suggest that, in the isolated pig iris sphincter muscle, Rho-kinase plays an important role in the generation of spontaneous tone in the resting phase via the inhibition of MLCP activity. |
### Instruction:
Does bimatoprost-induced calcium signaling in human T-cells involve prostanoid FP or TP receptors?
### Response:
| Molt-3 cells have been identified as a bimatoprost-sensitive preparation in which the activity of bimatoprost is independent of prostanoid FP receptors. |
### Instruction:
Does dynamic assessment of learning ability improve outcome prediction following acquired brain injury?
### Response:
| It is concluded that dynamic testing potentially may offer advantages over the traditional standard cognitive tests in predicting the outcome for people with brain injuries. |
### Instruction:
Do foxP3+ regulatory T cells suppress effector T-cell function at pathologic site in miliary tuberculosis?
### Response:
| Our results highlight the importance of Treg cells in suppression of effector immune response and their influence on bacillary dissemination, disease manifestation, and severity. |
### Instruction:
Do bone perforation and placement of collagen sponge facilitate bone augmentation?
### Response:
| The use of the FC-HAC sponge on the bone perforation area seemed to promote bone augmentation by possibly acting as a scaffold for the bone marrow cells as well as maintaining the space that is necessary for bone growth to occur. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of interleukin-33 signaling attenuate the severity of experimental arthritis?
### Response:
| IL-33 is produced locally in inflamed joints, and neutralization of IL-33 signaling has a therapeutic effect on the course of arthritis. These observations suggest that locally produced IL-33 may contribute to the pathogenesis of joint inflammation and destruction. |
### Instruction:
Is increased C-reactive protein associated with apathy : the Leiden 85-Plus Study?
### Response:
| Higher CRP concentrations increased the risk of depression but not apathy in a community-based cohort of 85 years old subjects. This suggests that apathy and depression in old age have different etiologies. |
### Instruction:
Does induction chemoradiotherapy increase pleural and pericardial complications after esophagectomy for cancer?
### Response:
| Benign pleural and pericardial complications occur surprisingly frequently after esophagectomy, particularly when induction chemoradiotherapy is employed. This must be factored into discussions of morbidity for multimodality treatment strategies for locally advanced esophageal cancer and should be considered distinct from acute toxicity of induction chemoradiotherapy reported. |
### Instruction:
Does ultrasound improve the success rate of a sural nerve block at the ankle?
### Response:
| : Ultrasound guidance using the lesser saphenous vein as a reference point results in a more complete and longer lasting sural nerve block than does a traditional approach using surface landmarks. |
### Instruction:
Does lactobacillus fermentum CECT 5716 prevent and reverts intestinal damage on TNBS-induced colitis in mice?
### Response:
| Pretreatment with L. fermentum CECT 5716 attenuates TNBS colitis, an effect that seems to be due to its antioxidant abilities. When administered after TNBS, this probiotic is also effective in accelerating colitis recovery, and this is associated with an enhanced Toll-like receptor function. |
### Instruction:
Does decrease in adiponectin levels correlate to growth response in growth hormone-treated children?
### Response:
| GH treatment in prepubertal children decreases serum adiponectin levels, and the decrease is correlated to the growth response. No correlations between adiponectin and insulin levels or insulin resistance were found. |
### Instruction:
Does androgen receptor modulation affect longitudinal growth of cultured fetal rat metatarsal bones?
### Response:
| Modulation of AR activity in the fetal rat growth plate does not affect linear bone growth. Extrapolating from these in vitro data, it could be speculated that oxandrolone stimulates longitudinal bone growth in treated children by acting indirectly rather than directly through AR activation in growth plate chondrocytes. |
### Instruction:
Is abnormal cervical cytology associated with increased nitric oxide release in the uterine cervix?
### Response:
| Cervical cell changes (suggestive of HPV infection) are accompanied by an increased release of NO in the human cervix. The significance of this finding remains uncertain, but in theory, increased release of NO could modify the outcome of cervical infection. |
### Instruction:
Is strengthening of mass drug administration implementation required to eliminate lymphatic filariasis from India : an evaluation study?
### Response:
| This evaluation study noted that MDA is restricted to tablet distribution only and the major issues of implementation in compliance, health education, side effect and morbidity management, and the logistics were not being given due attention. The implementation should be strengthened immediately in the MDA programme in India to achieve the goal of LF elimination by 2015. |
### Instruction:
Does founder Fukutin mutation cause Walker-Warburg syndrome in four Ashkenazi Jewish families?
### Response:
| These data suggest that the c.1167insA FKTN mutation described by us is a founder mutation that can be used to target diagnostic testing and carrier screening in the Ashkenazi Jewish population. |
### Instruction:
Is erectile function in two-kidney , one-clip hypertensive rats maintained by a potential increase in nitric oxide production?
### Response:
| These data suggest that hypertension and ED could be dissociated from high levels of blood pressure in some animal models of hypertension. Erectile function in 2K-1C hypertensive rats is maintained in spite of the increased Rho-kinase activity by increased NO signaling. |
### Instruction:
Does comparative genomics of lactic acid bacteria reveal a niche-specific gene set?
### Response:
| Comparative analysis revealed that if an organism had homologs to the dairy specific geneset, it probably came from a dairy environment, whilst if it had homologs to gut specific genes, it was highly likely to be of intestinal origin.We propose that this "barcode" of 9 genes will be a useful initial guide to researchers in the LAB field to indicate an organism's ability to occupy a specific niche. |
### Instruction:
Does suppression of RNA interference increase alphavirus replication and virus-associated mortality in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes?
### Response:
| We show that RNAi is active in Ae. aegypti cell culture and that B2 protein inhibits RNAi in mosquito cells when expressed by a recombinant SINV. Also, SINV more efficiently replicates in mosquito cells when RNAi is inhibited. Finally, TE/3'2J/B2 kills mosquitoes in a dose-dependent manner independent of infection route and mosquito species. |
### Instruction:
Does muscovite reverse gastric gland atrophy and intestinal metaplasia by promoting cell proliferation in rats with atrophic gastritis?
### Response:
| Muscovite could reverse gastric gland atrophy and intestinal metaplasia by promoting cell proliferation and revitalization in gastric mucosa in AG rats. |
### Instruction:
Does sodium nitroprusside iontophoresis on the finger pad consistently increase skin blood flow in healthy controls and patients with systemic sclerosis?
### Response:
| The iontophoresis of SNP leads to a consistent, non axon reflex-dependent, increase in cutaneous vascular conductance in the forearm, both in patients with SSc and in healthy controls. On the finger pad however, such hyperemia was not consistent. As a consequence, other tools should be considered to assess non endothelium-dependent skin microvascular function in the finger pad. |
### Instruction:
Do age and violent-content labels make video games forbidden fruits for youth?
### Response:
| Although the Pan European Game Information system was developed to protect youth from objectionable content, this system actually makes such games forbidden fruits. Pediatricians should be aware of this forbidden-fruit effect, because video games with objectionable content can have harmful effects on children and adolescents. |
### Instruction:
Is flat-footedness a disadvantage for athletic performance in children aged 11 to 15 years?
### Response:
| No disadvantages in sport performance originating from flat-footedness were confirmed. Children with flat and children with "normal" feet were equally successful at accomplishing all motor tests; thus, we suggest that there is no need for treatment of flexible flat feet with the sole purpose of improving athletic performance, as traditionally advised by many. |
### Instruction:
Is bullying behavior related to suicide attempts but not to self-mutilation among psychiatric inpatient adolescents?
### Response:
| Among girls, being bullied or bullying others are both potential risk factors for suicidal behavior. Psychiatric assessment and treatment should thus be considered not only for victims of bullying, but also for bullies. Suicide-prevention programs should also routinely include interventions to reduce bullying. However, the generalization of our findings to all adolescents is limited because our study sample consisted of psychiatric adolescent patients. In addition, some of the possible findings might have remained statistically insignificant due to the small sample size among adolescents who had performed suicide attempts or self-mutilation. |
### Instruction:
Do subjective benefits of sequential bilateral cochlear implantation in young children after 18 months of implant use?
### Response:
| The results indicate a wide range of positive subjective changes associated with bilateral cochlear implantation, even in older children. This progress led to a better and easier communication and a better integration in the normal-hearing world. |
### Instruction:
Does cholinergic stimulation improve autonomic and hemodynamic profile during dynamic exercise in patients with heart failure?
### Response:
| Pyridostigmine was well tolerated by heart failure patients, leading to improved hemodynamic profile during dynamic exercise. |
### Instruction:
Is persistent smoking after a diagnosis of lung cancer associated with higher reported pain levels?
### Response:
| This article examines the relationship between pain and persistent smoking in patients with lung cancer. Although more research is needed to understand the mechanisms that relate nicotine intake to pain and disease progression, physicians can promote smoking cessation in patients with lung cancer to improve health and quality of life. |
### Instruction:
Does hydrogen sulfide regulate cardiac function and structure in adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| Downregulation of endogenously-generated H2S is probably involved in the pathogenesis of ADR-induced cardiomyopathy, whereby H2S reduces lipid peroxidation, increases antioxidation, and inhibits oxidative stress injury. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated arterial stiffness evaluated by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity deleterious for the prognosis of patients with heart failure?
### Response:
| Elevated arterial stiffness is a risk factor for re-admission or cardiac death of HF patients. |
### Instruction:
Is the reduction in pigment epithelium-derived factor a sign of malignancy in ovarian cancer expressing low-level of vascular endothelial growth factor?
### Response:
| The reduction in PEDF expression levels may be, in part, responsible for tumor malignancy in VEGF-L ovarian tumors. Furthermore, PEDF may be a useful marker of malignancy in VEGF-L ovarian tumors. |
### Instruction:
Does roxithromycin inhibit chemokine-induced chemotaxis of Th1 and Th2 cells but regulatory T cells?
### Response:
| These results imply that RXM exhibits bioregulatory function by influencing chemotaxis of Th1 and Th2 cells while leaving Treg cell migration unaffected. |
### Instruction:
Is a high number of losses in 13q14 chromosome band associated with a worse outcome and biological differences in patients with B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia?
### Response:
| Patients with B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia with a high number of losses in 13q14 as the sole cytogenetic aberration at diagnosis display different clinical and biological features: short overall survival and time to first therapy as well as more proliferation and less apoptosis. A quantification of the number of cells showing a genetic abnormality should, therefore, be included in the study of the prognostic factors of B-cell chronic lymphoid leukemia. |
### Instruction:
Does combined gene expression analysis of whole-tissue and microdissected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma identify genes specifically overexpressed in tumor epithelia?
### Response:
| We improve on other microarray studies of PDAC by putting together the higher statistical power due to a larger number of samples with information about cell-type specific expression and patient survival. |
### Instruction:
Does fibronectin promote invasiveness and focal adhesion kinase tyrosine phosphorylation of human colon cancer cell?
### Response:
| Fibronectin can promote invasion of Colo320 cells, FAK tyrosine phosphorylation plays a key role in this process. Inhibition of FAK expression can inhibit colon cancer cell invasion. |
### Instruction:
Does feG-COOH blunt eosinophilic airway inflammation in a feline model of allergic asthma?
### Response:
| These data indicate that a single dose of feG-COOH partially attenuates eosinophilic airway inflammation in experimental feline asthma. |
### Instruction:
Is midline uterine defect size correlated with miscarriage of euploid embryos in recurrent cases?
### Response:
| Congenital uterine anomalies have a negative impact on reproductive outcome in couples with recurrent miscarriage and are associated with further miscarriage with a normal embryonic karyotype. The D/C ratio was found to have a predictive value for further miscarriages in recurrent cases. |
### Instruction:
Is oral poliovirus vaccine type 3 from a patient with transverse myelitis neurovirulent in a transgenic mouse model?
### Response:
| The report of an OPV strain from a transverse myelitis case being neurovirulent in an in vivo mouse model provides further evidence for a causal association between OPV and transverse myelitis. |
### Instruction:
Do inflammatory protein levels and depression screening after coronary stenting predict major adverse coronary events?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that hsCRP, vascular cell adhesion molecule, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels, measured after coronary stent insertion in patients with coronary heart disease, are prognostic of future MACE. Furthermore, positive depression screening is an independent predictor of future MACE. |
### Instruction:
Does surgical resident performance on a virtual reality simulator correlate with operating room performance?
### Response:
| These data indicate that time to task completion on a VR training device correlates with resident performance in the clinical operating room. Serial evaluations will determine if concurrent performance improvement over time can be demonstrated. |
### Instruction:
Are bronchiolitis : age and previous wheezing episodes linked to viral etiology and atopic characteristics?
### Response:
| : In children with bronchiolitis, 2 clinical factors, age and number of previous wheezing episodes, are linked to inflammatory (atopy-related factors) and virologic risk factors of asthma (rhinovirus-associated disease). According to current US and UK guidelines, bronchiolitis includes wheezing children <24 months of age. Our observations suggest that the clinical definition should include only children with their first episode of wheezing. |
### Instruction:
Do low hematocrit levels increase intracranial pressure in an animal model of cryogenic brain injury?
### Response:
| Hemodilution to a low hematocrit level increases ICP and decreases CPP scores in dogs submitted to a cryogenic brain injury. These results suggest that excessive hemodilution to a hematocrit below 30% should be avoided in traumatic brain injury patients. |
### Instruction:
Does combination therapy of siRNAs mediate greater suppression on hepatitis B virus cccDNA in HepG2.2.15 cell?
### Response:
| Our results revealed that combination of siRNAs mediated a stronger inhibition on viral replication and antigen expression in HepG2.2.15 cells, especially, the amplification of cccDNA. |
### Instruction:
Do elective laparoscopy for herald symptoms of mesenteric/internal hernia after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass?
### Response:
| SBO due to MIH after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is typically preceded by symptoms of intermittent obstruction. Patients who have these herald symptoms should promptly be offered elective laparoscopic exploration. Elective repair of MIH can be performed safely and expeditiously. |
### Instruction:
Does interleukin-7 stimulate secretion of S100A4 by activating the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in human articular chondrocytes?
### Response:
| IL-7 stimulates chondrocyte secretion of S100A4 via activation of JAK/STAT signaling, and then S100A4 acts in an autocrine manner to stimulate MMP-13 production via RAGE. Since both IL-7 and S100A4 are up-regulated in OA cartilage and can stimulate MMP-13 production by chondrocytes, this signaling pathway could contribute to cartilage destruction during the development of OA. |
### Instruction:
Is tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced interleukin-32 positively regulated via the Syk/protein kinase Cdelta/JNK pathway in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts?
### Response:
| The present findings suggest that IL-32 may be a newly identified prognostic biomarker in RA, thereby adding valuable knowledge to the understanding of this disease. The results also demonstrate that the production of IL-32 in RA FLS is regulated by Syk/PKCdelta-mediated signaling events. |
### Instruction:
Does p66ShcA modulate oxidative stress and survival of endothelial progenitor cells in response to high glucose?
### Response:
| p66ShcA deletion rescues the BM-derived EPCs defect induced by HG, indicating p66ShcA as a potential therapeutic target in diabetic vasculopathy. |
### Instruction:
Is stromal cell-derived factor 1/CXCR4 signaling critical for the recruitment of mesenchymal stem cells to the fracture site during skeletal repair in a mouse model?
### Response:
| SDF-1 is induced in the periosteum of injured bone and promotes endochondral bone repair by recruiting mesenchymal stem cells to the site of injury. |
### Instruction:
Do corr4A and VRT325 reduce the inflammatory response to P. aeruginosa in human cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells?
### Response:
| Corr4a and VRT325 do not reduce the inflammatory response to P. aeruginosa in human cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells. |
### Instruction:
Does cancer survivors ' rehabilitation need in a primary health care context?
### Response:
| Cancer survivors have many psychosocial rehabilitation needs and intervention should effectively target these needs. If this task is assigned to the GPs, they need to be proactive when assessing psychosocial aspects. |
### Instruction:
Does radiofrequency ablation induce antigen-presenting cell infiltration and amplification of weak tumor-induced immunity?
### Response:
| Subtotal RF ablation treatment results in enhanced systemic antitumor T-cell immune responses and tumor regression that is associated with increased dendritic cell infiltration. ITDC injection mimics the RF ablation effect but does not increase immune responses when injected immediately after RF ablation. |
### Instruction:
Does pioglitazone enhance the effectiveness of lifestyle modification in preventing conversion of impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes in Asian Indians : results of the Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme-2 ( IDPP-2 )?
### Response:
| Despite good adherence to lifestyle modification and drug therapy, no additional effect of pioglitazone was seen above that achieved with placebo. The effectiveness of the intervention in both groups was comparable with that of lifestyle modification alone, as reported from the Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme-1. The results are at variance with studies that showed significant relative risk reduction in conversion to diabetes with pioglitazone in Americans with IGT. An ethnicity-related difference in the action of pioglitazone in non-diabetic participants may be one explanation. |
### Instruction:
Do inhibition of casein kinase I epsilon/delta produces phase shifts in the circadian rhythms of Cynomolgus monkeys?
### Response:
| Consolidated bouts of activity were noted during periods of light with a repeating period length of roughly 24 h based on their onset. Reassessment in constant dim light (42 vs. 450 lx) again yielded period lengths of 24 h, in this instance revealing the animals' endogenous rhythm. PF-670462 (10-100 mg/kg s.c.) produced a dose-dependent phase delay in much the same manner as that observed previously in rats. Dosing occurred 1.5 h prior to lights-off, roughly coincident with peaking levels of PER protein, a primary substrate of CKIepsilon/delta. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Predictors of nursing service need for nursing homes residents ]?
### Response:
| Identifying factors that result in variations of service need has implications for adequate nursing service, estimation of optimum nurse to patient ratio, quality of care and patient safety. |
### Instruction:
Does paracrine sonic hedgehog signalling by prostate cancer cells induce osteoblast differentiation?
### Response:
| Altogether, these data demonstrate that Shh-expressing prostate cancer cells can directly and specifically induce differentiation in pre-osteoblasts via a Gli1-dependent mechanism that does not require transcriptional upregulation of Runx2. Paracrine activation of the Shh pathway in osteoblast progenitors and subsequent induction of osteoblast differentiation could be a mechanism through which high levels of Shh expression in prostate carcinoma contribute to bone metastasis. Targeting of paracrine Shh signalling may provide an effective therapeutic strategy against prostate carcinoma metastasis in bone. |
### Instruction:
Do cep70 and Cep131 contribute to ciliogenesis in zebrafish embryos?
### Response:
| Cep70 and Cep131 contribute to ciliogenesis in many tissues in the zebrafish embryo: cilia are made in cep70 and cep131 morphant zebrafish embryos but are shortened. We propose that the role of these centrosomal/basal body proteins is in making the cilium and that they are involved in determination of the length of the axoneme. |
### Instruction:
Does blockade of nitric oxide synthesis modulate rat immunoglobulin A?
### Response:
| Obtained findings imply that endogenous NO may modulate the IgA system in the rat. |
### Instruction:
Are ethnic differences in proximal and distal tubular sodium reabsorption heritable in black and white populations?
### Response:
| Segmental sodium reabsorption along the nephron is highly heritable, but the capacity for regulation in the proximal and postproximal tubules differs between whites and blacks. |
### Instruction:
Is cognitive impairment related to increased arterial stiffness and microvascular damage in patients with never-treated essential hypertension?
### Response:
| Impaired cognitive function is associated with increased large artery stiffness and microalbumin excretion in newly diagnosed, untreated hypertensive patients. These findings support the hypothesis that cognitive impairment induced by impaired microcirculation is linked to large artery stiffness and microvascular damage. |
### Instruction:
Does music reduce patient anxiety during interfacility ground critical care transport?
### Response:
| Music therapy is a simple adjunct for use during CCT that may increase patient comfort and alleviate anxiety. The small number of patients in this preliminary report limits the strength of any conclusions. Larger studies are needed. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Phamacoeconomic analysis of antibiotics use in the Clinical Center of Vojvodina ]?
### Response:
| In the third phase, (three-month period in 2007/2008), the guidelines were implemented in therapy of bacterial infections. In this period, only by implementing the guidelines for initial adequate antimicrobial therapy, the therapy costs savings were 2027018.52 dinars (12.8%) at four of eight investigated clinics, compared to the period before implementation of the guidelines. This was the first pharmacoeconomic study in Vojvodina. |
### Instruction:
Does crude aqueous extract of the root bark of zanthoxylum xanthoxyloides inhibit white blood cells migration in acute inflammation?
### Response:
| The extract did not affect the pre-existing WBC population at the site of inflammation but rather inhibited migration of the cells to the site. |
### Instruction:
Do pain symptoms and stooling patterns drive diagnostic costs for children with functional abdominal pain and irritable bowel syndrome in primary or tertiary care?
### Response:
| Despite the lack of difference in symptom characteristics between children in primary and tertiary care, a notable differential in cost of evaluation exists in accordance with level of care. Symptom characteristics do not seem to drive diagnostic evaluation in either primary or tertiary care. Given the lack of differences in child-reported symptoms and the maternal perspective that children evaluated by a gastroenterologist had more severe pain, we speculate that parent perception of child symptoms may be a primary factor in seeking tertiary care. |
### Instruction:
Is the glucocorticoid receptor heterocomplex gene STIP1 associated with improved lung function in asthmatic subjects treated with inhaled corticosteroids?
### Response:
| STIP1 genetic variations might play a role in regulating corticosteroid response in asthmatic subjects with reduced lung function. Replication in a second asthmatic population is required to confirm these observations. |
### Instruction:
Does living in rural New England amplify the risk of depression in patients with HIV?
### Response:
| HIV-infected patients living in rural areas, particularly those on antiretroviral therapy, are highly vulnerable to depression. |
### Instruction:
Is assortative mating among Lake Malawi cichlid fish populations simply predictable from male nuptial colour?
### Response:
| We suggest that non-visual cues, such as olfactory signals, may play an important role in mate choice and behavioural isolation in these and perhaps other African cichlid fish. Future speciation models aimed at explaining African cichlid radiations may therefore consider incorporating such mating cues in mate choice scenarios. |
### Instruction:
Is increased cycle length during long-duration ventricular fibrillation caused by decreased upstroke velocity as well as prolonged refractoriness?
### Response:
| Increasing CL in VF is due to increased DI and not APD, which shortens. The increase in DI(min) over time is much less than the increase in mean DI, indicating that the myocardium is excitable during much of the DI. This finding, along with the ability to pace at a CL shorter than the native VF CL and the poor paced wavefront propagation, suggests that the increase in DI is due not only to increased postrepolarization refractoriness but also to poor wavefront propagation because of decreased APA and V(max) secondary to global ischemia caused by VF. |
### Instruction:
Does x box-binding protein 1 regulate angiogenesis in human pancreatic adenocarcinomas?
### Response:
| We propose that the IRE1alpha-XBP-1 branch of the UPR modulates a complex proangiogenic, VEGF-independent response that depends on signals received from the tumor microenvironment. |
### Instruction:
Does release of endogenous opioids from duodenal enteroendocrine cells require Trpm5?
### Response:
| Solitary chemosensory cells that coexpress beta-endorphin, Met-enkephalin, uroguanylin, and Trpm5 exist in mouse duodenum. These cells are likely to secrete the bioactive peptides into the intestinal lumen in response to dietary factors; release of the opioid peptides requires the Trpm5 ion channel. |
### Instruction:
Do extracellular and intracellular pattern recognition receptors cooperate in the recognition of Helicobacter pylori?
### Response:
| These results provide novel comprehensive insights into the mechanisms of H pylori recognition by DCs. Understanding these processes provides a basis for the rational design of new vaccination strategies. |
### Instruction:
Is serum paraoxonase-I activity unaffected by short-term administration of simvastatin , bezafibrate , and their combination in type 2 diabetes mellitus?
### Response:
| Short-term administration of simvastatin and bezafibrate, even when combined, is ineffective in raising serum paraoxonase-I activity in type 2 diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Does soybean diet modulate acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase expression in livers of rats recovering from early-life malnutrition?
### Response:
| Thus, the soybean diet reduced the liver lipid concentration through downregulation of the ACC gene and protein expressions rather than by phosphorylation status, which possibly resulted in decreased lipogenesis and increased beta-oxidation. |
### Instruction:
Does early and prolonged intake of partially hydrogenated fat alter the expression of genes in rat adipose tissue?
### Response:
| Prolonged intake of PHF has a negative effect on the expression of genes in RET when compared with diets with omega-6 and omega-3 PUFAs. These changes may be an effect of the smaller proportions of PUFAs in this fat, instead of being only caused by trans-fatty acids. |
### Instruction:
Does oral glutamine protect against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in experimental rats through increase of cardiac glutathione?
### Response:
| These data suggest that GLN may protect against CPA-related cardiac injury through maintenance of cardiac GSH metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Screening human keratinocyte growth factor mimic peptide with Ph.D.-7 phage display peptide library ]?
### Response:
| The phage mimic peptides resembling or related to human KGF DNA can be harvested from Ph.D.-7 phage display peptide library, which may be conducive to improve human KGF performance, wound healing and the quality of tissue engineered skin substitutes. |
### Instruction:
Do petromastoid canal and cochlear aqueduct in cochlear implant candidates?
### Response:
| It is likely that the age-related changes in CA and PMC are attributable to the developmental or age-related changes in skull base growth. |
### Instruction:
Does two-stage portal vein ligation facilitate liver regeneration in rats?
### Response:
| Two-stage PVL increases hypertrophy of the future remnant liver compared to conventional PVL in rats. |
### Instruction:
Are low adiponectin levels an independent predictor of mixed and non-calcified coronary atherosclerotic plaques?
### Response:
| Adiponectin levels predict mixed and non-calcified coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden. Low adiponectin levels may contribute to coronary plaque vulnerability and may thus play a role in the pathophysiology of ACS. |
### Instruction:
Does neonatal watershed brain injury on magnetic resonance imaging correlate with verbal IQ at 4 years?
### Response:
| In survivors of neonatal encephalopathy without functional motor deficits at 4 years of age, an increasing severity of watershed-distribution injury is associated with more impaired language-related abilities. |
### Instruction:
Does curcumin prevent diabetes-associated abnormalities in the kidneys by inhibiting p300 and nuclear factor-kappaB?
### Response:
| These beneficial effects of curcumin were mediated through the inhibition of p300 and nuclear factor-kappaB. |
### Instruction:
Is quality of life impairment during the female menopausal transition related to personal and partner factors?
### Response:
| A high rate of middle-aged women in this series presented impaired QoL associated to female age and hormonal status and additionally to partner's health and sexual behavior. |
### Instruction:
Does duration of the interval between the completion of bowel preparation and the start of colonoscopy predict bowel-preparation quality?
### Response:
| We used a nonvalidated scale to assess the quality of bowel preparation. |
### Instruction:
Does oral antioxidant supplementation prevent acute mountain sickness : double blind , randomized placebo-controlled trial?
### Response:
| This trial found no evidence of benefit from antioxidant supplementation at high altitude. |
### Instruction:
Are cytokines and systemic biomarkers related to the size of abdominal aortic aneurysms?
### Response:
| Many of the analyzed biomarkers were markedly increased in AAA-patients and some were also related to aneurysm size. Whether any of the markers is also associated with aneurysm growth rate should be further evaluated. |
### Instruction:
Does 15-Epi-lipoxin A ( 4 ) inhibit the progression of endometriosis in a murine model?
### Response:
| LXA(4) may inhibit the progression of endometriosis possibly by lowering the concentrations and the activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity concentration in dogs with inflammatory bowel disease associated with a negative outcome?
### Response:
| CPLI should be measured in cases of canine IBD as elevated CPLI was associated with a worse outcome. |
### Instruction:
Is mood associated with snoring in preschool-aged children?
### Response:
| Our results support the view that SDB should be considered a possible risk factor for mood disorder symptoms and impaired cognitive performance in children. |
### Instruction:
Do combinations of growth factors enhance the potency of islets in vitro?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that adult beta cells have the potential to proliferate while maintaining their endocrine function, which can be improved through careful regulation of proliferation and differentiation. |
### Instruction:
Does extracellular matrix modulate sensitivity of hepatocytes to fibroblastoid dedifferentiation and transforming growth factor beta-induced apoptosis?
### Response:
| Hepatocytes can exist in a differentiated and a dedifferentiated state that are reversible and can be switched by manipulating the responsible key factors of the signaling network. |
### Instruction:
Does triggering of proteinase-activated receptor 4 lead to joint pain and inflammation in mice?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that local activation of PAR-4 leads to proinflammatory changes in the knee joint that are dependent on the kallikrein-kinin system. We also show for the first time that PARs are involved in the modulation of joint pain, with PAR-4 being pronociceptive in this tissue. Thus, blockade of articular PAR-4 may be a useful means of controlling joint inflammation and pain. |
### Instruction:
Does fDG PET imaging of Ela1-myc mice reveal major biological differences between pancreatic acinar and ductal tumours?
### Response:
| In Ela1-myc mice, ductal tumours incorporate significantly more FDG than acinar tumours. This difference likely results from differential expression of Glut2 and hexokinases. These findings reveal previously unreported biological differences between acinar and ductal pancreatic tumours. |
### Instruction:
Does oral diosmectite reduce stool output and diarrhea duration in children with acute watery diarrhea?
### Response:
| These results show that diosmectite significantly decreased stool output in children with acute watery diarrhea, especially those who were rotavirus-positive. |
### Instruction:
Does static stretch induce active morphological remodeling and functional impairment of alveolar epithelial cells?
### Response:
| Under static stretch conditions, A549 cells undergo morphological and functional changes. They can survive stress failure from overstretching by remodeling their body to 'escape' the injury. During this complex course of remodeling, cellular function was partly damaged. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated CC chemokine level in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid predictive of a poor outcome of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
### Response:
| Elevated levels of CCL2, CCL17 and CCL22 in BAL fluid might be predictive of a poor outcome in patients with IPF. |
### Instruction:
Is mobility of the conserved glycine 155 required for formation of the active plasmodial Pdx1 dodecamer?
### Response:
| As the mutated glycine occupies an unrestricted region of the Ramachandran plot the additional stereo-chemical restrictions imposed on alanine residues strongly support our hypothesis that significant structural rearrangement of Pdx1 is required during the transition from hexamer to dodecamer. |
### Instruction:
Does hydrogen-rich saline reduce lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion in rats?
### Response:
| Hydrogen-rich saline attenuates lung injury induced by intestinal I/R. |
### Instruction:
Are cytoplasmic polyadenylation and cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-dependent mRNA regulation involved in Xenopus retinal axon development?
### Response:
| These results indicate that cytoplasmic polyadenylation and CPE-mediated translational regulation are involved in retinal axon development, but that CPEB1 may not be the key regulator of polyadenylation in the developing retina. |
### Instruction:
Does silencing of PINK1 expression affect mitochondrial DNA and oxidative phosphorylation in dopaminergic cells?
### Response:
| This report highlights a novel function of PINK1 in mitochondrial biogenesis and a role in maintaining mitochondrial ETC activity. Dysfunction of both has been implicated in sporadic forms of PD suggesting that these may be key pathways in the development of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary sodium alter the prevalence of electrocardiogram determined left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension?
### Response:
| Short-term dietary sodium fluctuations can significantly alter overall ECG voltage and the prevalence of ECG-determined LVH in hypertensive individuals. Inclusion of dietary sodium assessment when screening hypertensive subjects for LVH by ECG may improve the consistency of cardiac risk assessment. |
### Instruction:
Does oxidative stress contribute to soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 induced vascular dysfunction in pregnant rats?
### Response:
| These data indicate elevated maternal sFlt-1 and decreased VEGF concentrations results in increased oxidative stress that contributes to vascular dysfunction during pregnancy. |
### Instruction:
Does ganglioside GM1 ( porcine ) ameliorate paclitaxel-induced neuropathy in rats?
### Response:
| These data suggest that porcine GM1 may be useful in the prevention and treatment of paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. However the adverse effect of Cremophor EL should be of concern. |
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