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### Instruction:
Does speB of Streptococcus pyogenes differentially modulate antibacterial and receptor activating properties of human chemokines?
### Response:
| SpeB destroys most of the signaling and antibacterial properties of chemokines expressed by an inflamed epithelium. The exception is CXCL9 that preserves its antibacterial activity after hydrolysis, emphasizing its role as a major antimicrobial on inflamed epithelium. |
### Instruction:
Does contrast adaptation contribute to contrast-invariance of orientation tuning of primate V1 cells?
### Response:
| Orientation tuning does not appear to be contrast-invariant when briefly flashed stimuli vary in both contrast and orientation, but contrast adaptation partially restores contrast-invariance of orientation tuning. |
### Instruction:
Does synthetic RGDS peptide attenuate lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary inflammation by inhibiting integrin signaled MAP kinase pathways?
### Response:
| These results suggest that RGDS with high specificity for alphavintegrins attenuates inflammatory cascade during LPS-induced development of acute lung injury. |
### Instruction:
Does eating concerns and media influence in an Irish adolescent context?
### Response:
| Media portrayal of body weight and shape is correlated with eating psychopathology and may affect adolescents more than adults. School psycho-educational programmes and media policies are urgently needed to minimise any detrimental effect. |
### Instruction:
Does presence of teratoma in orchiectomy specimen increase the need for postchemotherapy RPLND?
### Response:
| Since teratomatous component in orchiectomy specimen is a predictor of teratoma in the residual retroperitoneal mass, it decreases the response rate to primary chemotherapy and increases the need for postchemotherapy retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in metastatic NSGCT patients. |
### Instruction:
Is early-cleavage a reliable predictor for embryo implantation in the GnRH agonist protocols but not in the GnRH antagonist protocols?
### Response:
| Early cleavage of zygote is not a reliable predictor for embryo implantation potential in using the GnRH antagonist protocol. Furthermore, the implantation rates between the GnRH agonist and GnRH antagonist groups were comparable. |
### Instruction:
Are expression of excess receptors and negative feedback control of signal pathways required for rapid activation and prompt cessation of signal transduction?
### Response:
| The present kinetic analysis revealed that excess receptors and negative feedback regulation promote activation and cessation of signal transduction with a low amount of extracellular ligand. |
### Instruction:
Are improved outcomes associated with multilevel endovascular intervention involving the tibial vessels compared with isolated tibial intervention?
### Response:
| Patency and limb salvage rates for endovascular treatment of tibial vessel disease in this study are comparable with prior reports and with historical surgical controls. Patients who undergo multilevel intervention involving the tibial vessels exhibit improved secondary patency compared with those who undergo intervention for lesions isolated to the tibial vessels. This may reflect increased distal disease burden for patients who undergo isolated tibial intervention. The study data suggest that the presence of multilevel disease should not preclude an attempt at percutaneous revascularization. Further study is required before formulating definitive recommendations for the endovascular treatment of tibial vessel disease. |
### Instruction:
Is diabetes an independent risk factor for severe nocturnal hypoxemia in obese patients . A case-control study?
### Response:
| T2DM adversely affects breathing during sleep, becoming an independent risk factor for severe nocturnal hypoxemia in obese patients. Given that SAHS is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease, the screening for SAHS in T2DM patients seems mandatory. |
### Instruction:
Is mDM2 309 polymorphism associated with missed abortion?
### Response:
| The MDM2 SNP309 G/G genotype may be a genetic risk factor for missed abortion. |
### Instruction:
Does recurrent antecedent hypoglycemia alter neuronal oxidative metabolism in vivo?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that after antecedent hypoglycemia, glucose utilization is increased at euglycemia and decreased after acute hypoglycemia, which was not the case in controls. These findings may help to identify better methods of preserving brain function and reducing injury during acute hypoglycemia. |
### Instruction:
Do post-ERCP pancreatitis rates differ between needle-knife and pull-type pancreatic sphincterotomy techniques : a multiendoscopist 13-year experience?
### Response:
| The risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis does not differ between EPS techniques when performed at a high-volume pancreaticobiliary referral center when using routine prophylactic pancreatic duct stent placement. |
### Instruction:
Does systemic propranolol act centrally to reduce conditioned fear in rats without impairing extinction?
### Response:
| Propranolol reduced the expression of conditioned fear, without interfering with extinction learning. Reduced fear with intact extinction suggests a possible use for propranolol in reducing anxiety during extinction-based exposure therapies, without interfering with long-term clinical response. |
### Instruction:
Is hAC stability in murine cells influenced by nuclear localization and chromatin organization?
### Response:
| This is a novel result indicating that HAC segregation is closely linked to the position in the murine nucleus and gives important insight for HAC gene expression studies in murine cells and establishing murine models of human genetic disease. |
### Instruction:
Does scaffold Attachment Factor B1 ( SAFB1 ) heterozygosity influence Wnt-1 or DMBA-induced tumorigenesis?
### Response:
| Our data show that SAFB1 heterozygosity does not influence Wnt-1 or DMBA-induced mammary tumorigenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does amino acid racemization reveal differential protein turnover in osteoarthritic articular and meniscal cartilages?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate comparable anabolic responses for non-lesioned OA articular cartilage and OA meniscal cartilage but an excess of catabolism over anabolism for the meniscal cartilage. |
### Instruction:
Do interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibit chondrogenesis by human mesenchymal stem cells through NF-kappaB-dependent pathways?
### Response:
| Cell-based repair of lesions in articular cartilage will be compromised in inflamed joints. Strategies for enabling repair under these conditions include the use of specific antagonists of individual pyrogens, such as IL-1beta and TNFalpha, or the targeting of important intracellular mediators, such as NF-kappaB. |
### Instruction:
Is uterine adenomyosis associated with ultrastructural features of altered contractility in the inner myometrium?
### Response:
| Smooth muscle cells from uteri with adenomyosis are ultrastructurally different from smooth muscle cells of normal uteri. These distinct features suggest a possible effect on myometrial contractility, together with hypertrophy. |
### Instruction:
Does appropriate use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure decrease elevated C-reactive protein in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?
### Response:
| Appropriate use of nCPAP in patients with OSA may be required to decrease elevated CRP levels, with possible implications for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. |
### Instruction:
Do why women accept randomisation for place of birth : feasibility of a RCT in The Netherlands?
### Response:
| Factors that prevent randomisation for place of birth are difficult to influence. There is a need to explore why there is such certainty of view among women having their first child. Until we have an understanding of why women select information to make these choices and why women are reluctant to participate in trials that challenge choice, it may well be impossible to mount a trial of place of birth. |
### Instruction:
Does aspirin increase susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to metronidazole by augmenting endocellular concentrations of antimicrobials?
### Response:
| Although aspirin increases the susceptibility of H pylori to metronidazole, it has no effect on the mutations of rdxA gene of H pylori. Aspirin increases endocellular concentrations of antimicrobials probably by altering the OMP expression. |
### Instruction:
Is endoscopy accurate , safe , and effective in the assessment and management of complications following gastric bypass surgery?
### Response:
| Patients presenting with UGI symptoms less than 3 months after surgery are more likely to have an abnormal finding on endoscopy. Endoscopic balloon dilation is safe and effective in managing anastomotic strictures. Endoscopic scissors are safe and effective in removing unraveled, nonabsorbable sutures contributing to obstruction. |
### Instruction:
Are robustness assessments needed to reduce bias in meta-analyses that include zero-event randomized trials?
### Response:
| The statistical method may influence the inference drawn from a meta-analysis that includes zero-event trials. Robustness assessments are needed to reduce bias in meta-analyses that include zero-event trials. |
### Instruction:
Is low relative skeletal muscle mass indicative of sarcopenia associated with elevations in serum uric acid levels : findings from NHANES III?
### Response:
| This study design was limited in its cross-sectional nature. Potential selection, measurement, and recall bias may have occurred, and methodology used to classify sarcopenia status based on skeletal muscle mass index is not validated. |
### Instruction:
Are low serum carotenoids associated with a decline in walking speed in older women?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that a higher fruit and vegetable intake, as indicated by higher total serum carotenoid concentrations, may be protective against a decline in walking speed in older women. |
### Instruction:
Are genes of cell-cell interactions , chemotherapy detoxification and apoptosis induced during chemotherapy of acute myeloid leukemia?
### Response:
| Pre-apoptotic gene expression can be monitored within hours after start of chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia, and may be useful in future determination of therapy responders. The low number of patients and the heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia limited the identification of gene expression predictive of therapy response. Therapy-induced gene expression reflects the complex biological processes involved in clinical cancer cell eradication and should be explored for future enhancement of therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does an unconventional cancer treatment lacking clinical efficacy remain available to Italian cancer patients?
### Response:
| The finding indicates that an unconventional cancer treatment proven to lack clinical efficacy remained accessible to Italian cancer patients. Ethical, deontologic, and economic implications call for a routine monitoring of provision of and access to unproven cancer treatments. |
### Instruction:
Is quality management system in PGD/PGS : now the time?
### Response:
| Certification of PGD/PGS allows to achieve evaluation of the efficiency to ensure the sensitivity and a continuous improvement of the genetic diagnosis of embryonic single cells. |
### Instruction:
Does thymidylate synthase gene expression in primary tumors predict activity of s-1-based chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer?
### Response:
| This study suggests that, via down-regulation of TS by irinotecan treatment, combination chemotherapy with S-1 and irinotecan could be effective in gastric cancer patients with high TS levels. |
### Instruction:
Is melanoma of the vulva : a pigmented lesion also significant in a non-sun-exposed area?
### Response:
| Literature review shows that prognosis is poorer than at other sites, most probably due more advanced disease at diagnosis. This case demonstrates that early diagnosis by physicians aware of this malignancy at this relatively rare site is of crucial importance since it may result in improved outcome, similar to that of melanoma at more common sites. |
### Instruction:
Do galvanic ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials provide new insight into vestibulo-ocular reflexes and unilateral vestibular loss?
### Response:
| The infra-orbital response is likely produced primarily by the inferior obliques, producing conjugate torsion away from the cathode. The projection to the ipsilateral eye depends upon normal vestibular function on the contralateral side. |
### Instruction:
Are clinical evidence that very small embryonic-like stem cells mobilized into peripheral blood in patients after stroke?
### Response:
| We conclude that stroke triggers the mobilization of CXCR4(+) VSEL SCs that have potential prognostic value in stroke patients. However, the potential role of these mobilized cells in brain regeneration requires further study. |
### Instruction:
Is serum arylesterase activity negatively correlated with inflammatory markers in patients with acute coronary syndromes?
### Response:
| Serum ARE activity is reduced in ACS patients and inversely correlated with inflammatory markers. |
### Instruction:
Does a pre-emptive multimodal pathway featuring peripheral nerve block improve perioperative outcomes after major orthopedic surgery?
### Response:
| Patients undergoing THA or TKA using a comprehensive, pre-emptive, multimodal analgesic regimen emphasizing peripheral nerve block may have significantly improved perioperative outcomes, and fewer adverse events, when compared with patients receiving traditional intravenous opioids during the initial postoperative period. Improved perioperative outcomes include a shortened hospital length of stay, and a significant reduction in postoperative urinary retention and ileus formation. |
### Instruction:
Do vascular endothelial growth factors synthesized by human lung mast cells exert angiogenic effects?
### Response:
| Our data indicate that human mast cells are both a source and a target of angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors and therefore might play a role in inflammatory and neoplastic angiogenesis through the expression of several forms of VEGFs and their receptors. |
### Instruction:
Does rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament injury influence joint loading during walking but not hopping?
### Response:
| After rehabilitation the ACL-injured subjects showed a significantly improved clinical outcome, but lower extremity biomechanics were still significantly impaired during both walking and hopping. The rehabilitation programme influenced knee joint loading during walking, but not during hopping. Longer rehabilitation should be considered before ACL-injured individuals return to jumping activities. |
### Instruction:
Does betaine supplementation attenuate atherosclerotic lesion in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice?
### Response:
| These data suggest that despite exacerbating hyperlipidemia in apoE-deficient mice, betaine may exert its anti-atherogenic effect by inhibiting aortic inflammatory response mediated by TNF-alpha. |
### Instruction:
Does enhancement of the endothelial NO synthase attenuate experimental diastolic heart failure?
### Response:
| Diastolic dysfunction with increased diastolic stiffness constant and increased left ventricular (LV) pressure was analyzed by invasive pressure-volume loop measurements in the DHF group compared to controls. Cardiac hypertrophy as indicated by LV mass measurements by echocardiography, and increased cardiac collagen content as measured by immunohistochemistry were associated with an increased activation state of calcineurin, AKT, ERK(1/2), but not JNK and p38 kinases. Titin isoforms were not altered in this model of DHF. Treatment with AVE3085 significantly increased eNOS mRNA and protein levels in the cardiac tissue and decreases NAD(P)H oxidase subunits p22phox and gp91phox. Diastolic dysfunction was attenuated and cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis were improved in comparison with untreated DHF animals. This was associated with a normalized activation state of calcineurin, AKT and ERK(1/2). Therefore, we suggest that targeting the NO system might yield a future therapeutic aim for the treatment of DHF. |
### Instruction:
Do simultaneous arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament using hamstring and quadriceps tendon autografts?
### Response:
| Simultaneous arthroscopically assisted reconstruction of both ACL and PCL using hamstring and quadriceps autografts can effectively and safely restore knee stability. |
### Instruction:
Does b7-1 induce immunosuppression when expressed in cultured neonatal mice keratinocytes?
### Response:
| Cultured murine keratinocytes expressed B7-1, but not B7-2 or B7-H1. The keratinocytes attenuated CTL-mediated lysis and suppressed lymphocyte proliferation via an interaction with B7-1 and CTLA-4. Therefore, separate expression of B7-1 induced immunosuppression. Non-professional APCs (antigen presenting cells) which separately express B7-1 may possess an ability to induce immunotolerance and thus act as a regulatory APC. |
### Instruction:
Are human beta-defensin-2 and psoriasin overexpressed in lesions of acne inversa?
### Response:
| Small sample size is a limitation. |
### Instruction:
Does atorvastatin modulate Th1/Th2 response in patients with chronic heart failure?
### Response:
| Th1 polarization exists in patients with CHF, and atorvastatin can modulate the Th1/Th2 response through inhibiting Th1 cytokine production. |
### Instruction:
Is childhood sexual abuse associated with physical illness burden and functioning in psychiatric patients 50 years of age and older?
### Response:
| Strong relationships exist between CSA and medical illness burden, function, and pain among psychiatric patients >or=50 years of age. These relationships cannot be ascribed to shared method variance. Early detection of patients' abuse histories could inform targeted interventions to prevent or decelerate the progression of morbidity in this high-risk group. |
### Instruction:
Does adjuvant therapy with the monoclonal antibody Edrecolomab plus fluorouracil-based therapy improve overall survival of patients with stage III colon cancer?
### Response:
| For patients with stage III colon cancer, the addition of ED to FU-based therapy had no statistically significant effect on OS. |
### Instruction:
Are thyroid nodules and related symptoms stably controlled two years after radiofrequency thermal ablation?
### Response:
| RTA is an effective and simple procedure for obtaining lasting shrinkage of TNs, controlling compressive symptoms, and treating thyroid hyperfunction. When performed in experienced medical centers, RTA may be a valid alternative to conventional treatments for nontoxic and pretoxic TNs. It is particularly attractive for elderly people for whom surgery and radioiodine therapy are often contraindicated or ineffective. |
### Instruction:
Is more than a decade of iodine prophylaxis needed to eradicate goiter among school age children in a moderately iodine-deficient region?
### Response:
| The time required to normalize the prevalence of goiter in SAC living in a moderately iodine-deficient environment was at least a decade. To achieve a goiter rate of less than 5% among SAC, it may require that, as a population, they were born and grew up under conditions of iodine sufficiency. |
### Instruction:
Does the magnitude of increased levothyroxine requirements in hypothyroid pregnant women depend upon the etiology of the hypothyroidism?
### Response:
| The etiology of hypothyroidism plays a pivotal role in determining the timing and magnitude of thyroid hormone adjustments during pregnancy. Patients require vigilant monitoring of thyroid function upon confirmation of conception and anticipatory adjustments to LT(4) dosing based on the etiology of their hypothyroidism. |
### Instruction:
Does selenium supplementation fail to correct the selenoprotein synthesis defect in subjects with SBP2 gene mutations?
### Response:
| Total serum Se concentrations in SBP2 deficient subjects respond to selenomethionine supplementation but this effect is not indicative for improved selenoprotein synthesis. Se is obviously not a limiting factor in the SBP2 deficient individuals when regular daily Se intake is provided. These findings might help to identify and diagnose more individuals with selenoprotein biosynthesis defects who might present at young age irrespective of their Se supply with characteristic thyroid function test abnormalities, growth retardation, and reduced Se and selenoprotein concentrations. |
### Instruction:
Are genetic variants in the angiopoietin-2 gene associated with increased risk of ARDS?
### Response:
| Common genetic variation in the Ang-2 gene may be associated with increased risk of ARDS, especially among patients with extrapulmonary injuries. |
### Instruction:
Does expression of Tiam1 and VEGF-C correlate with lymphangiogenesis in human colorectal carcinoma?
### Response:
| We suggest that the Tiam1 gene may act as a crucial therapeutic target for Lymphangiogenesis in CRC. |
### Instruction:
Does a targeted inhibitor of the alternative complement pathway reduce angiogenesis in a mouse model of age-related macular degeneration?
### Response:
| Specific inhibition of the AP reduces angiogenesis in mouse CNV. Of note, intravenous injection of C3d-targeted CR2-fH is protective even though endogenous fH is present in serum at a higher relative concentration, and serum fH contains native C3d and cell surface binding domains that target it to cell surfaces. The most common AMD-associated variant of fH resides within a native cell-binding region of fH (Tyr402His). These data may open new avenues for AMD treatment strategies. |
### Instruction:
Is antibiotic use in children associated with increased risk of asthma?
### Response:
| This study provides evidence that the use of antibiotics in the first year of life is associated with a small risk of developing asthma, and this risk increases with the number of courses of antibiotics prescribed. |
### Instruction:
Is pre-eclampsia associated with increased risk of stroke in the adult offspring : the Helsinki birth cohort study?
### Response:
| People born after pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia or gestational hypertension are at increased risk of stroke. The underlying processes may include a local disorder of the blood vessels of the brain as a consequence of either reduced brain growth or impaired brain growth leading to "brain-sparing" responses in utero. |
### Instruction:
Is interleukin-6 elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid of suicide attempters and related to symptom severity?
### Response:
| We propose a role for CSF IL-6 in the symptomatology of suicidal behavior, possibly through mechanisms involving alterations of dopamine and serotonin metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Are proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 null mice protected from postprandial triglyceridemia?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that in addition to its effect on LDL-cholesterol, PCSK9 deficiency might protect against cardiovascular disease by reducing postprandial triglyceridemia. |
### Instruction:
Does pioglitazone treatment in type 2 diabetes mellitus when combined with portion control diet modify the metabolic syndrome?
### Response:
| Pio + PC, prevented weight gain, reduced waist circumference and visceral fat compared with Pio + ADA diet. |
### Instruction:
Does preoperative nonlinear behavior in heart rate variability predict morbidity and mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery?
### Response:
| Analysis of HRV in the nonlinear domain in the preoperative period in patients undergoing elective CABG surgery may detect subgroups with a high risk for postoperative complications, at least with the assistance of some of the variables, and it can become a new prognostic tool for assessing patients scheduled to undergo other major surgeries. |
### Instruction:
Do stricter criteria increase the validity of a quick intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay in primary hyperparathyroidism?
### Response:
| A QPTH is useful during parathyroidectomy. A decrease in the iPTH level of > or =70% from baseline indicates a successful operation and reduces the likelihood of false-positive results. The evaluation of more than 1 PTH level is required if multiglandular disease is suspected or excessive intraoperative manipulation occurs. |
### Instruction:
Does percentage of smudge cells on routine blood smear predict survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia?
### Response:
| Percentage of smudge cells on blood smear is readily available and an independent factor predicting overall survival in CLL. |
### Instruction:
Does docosahexaenoic acid suppress arachidonic acid-induced proliferation of LS-174T human colon carcinoma cells?
### Response:
| These results suggest that DHA can inhibit the pro-proliferative effect of abundant AA or PGE(2). |
### Instruction:
Does the Seattle protocol more reliably predict the detection of cancer at the time of esophagectomy than a less intensive surveillance protocol?
### Response:
| Intense preoperative biopsy sampling by the Seattle protocol does not more reliably predict the detection of cancer at the time of esophagectomy than a less intensive surveillance protocol. This calls into question the concept that extensive sampling with the Seattle protocol consistently detects early cancers arising in Barrett's esophagus patients with high-grade dysplasia. |
### Instruction:
Does fecal calprotectin predict the clinical course of acute severe ulcerative colitis?
### Response:
| This is the first data set to demonstrate that FC levels are dramatically elevated in severe UC. These data raise the possibility that this biomarker can predict response to first or second-line medical therapy in this setting. |
### Instruction:
Does microarray analysis of hepatic gene expression identify new genes involved in steatotic liver?
### Response:
| The results highlight new processes involved in lipid handling in liver and will help to understand the complex human pathology providing new proteins and new strategies to cope with hepatic steatosis. |
### Instruction:
Does gAB2 gene modify the risk of Alzheimer 's disease in Spanish APOE 4 carriers?
### Response:
| GAB2 rs2373115 marker does not modify the risk of Alzheimer's disease in Spanish APOE epsilon 4 carriers. |
### Instruction:
Is synapse formation enhanced by oral administration of uridine and DHA , the circulating precursors of brain phosphatides?
### Response:
| Uridine and DHA are circulating precursors for the phosphatides in synaptic membranes, and act in part by increasing the substrate-saturation of enzymes that synthesize phosphatidylcholine from CTP (formed from the uridine, via UTP) and from diacylglycerol species that contain DHA: the enzymes have poor affinities for these substrates, and thus are unsaturated with them, and only partially active, under basal conditions. The enhancement by uridine of neurite outgrowth is also mediated in part by UTP serving as a ligand for neuronal P2Y receptors. Moreover administration of uridine with DHA activates many brain genes, among them the gene for the m-1 metabotropic glutamate receptor [Cansev, et al, submitted]. This activation, in turn, increases brain levels of that gene's protein product and of such other synaptic proteins as PSD-95, synapsin-1, syntaxin-3 and F-actin, but not levels of non-synaptic brain proteins like beta-tubulin. Hence it is possible that giving uridine plus DHA triggers a neuronal program that, by accelerating phosphatide and synaptic protein synthesis, controls synaptogenesis. If administering this mix of phosphatide precursors also increases synaptic elements in brains of patients with Alzheimer 's disease, as it does in normal rodents, then this treatment may ameliorate some of the manifestations of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Is the mixed-lineage kinase DLK a key regulator of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation?
### Response:
| Taken together, these results suggest that DLK is important for expression of mature adipocyte markers and that its action most likely takes place via regulation of C/EBPbeta transcriptional activity and/or initiation of C/EBPalpha and PPARgamma2 gene transcription. |
### Instruction:
Is the cellular distribution of serotonin transporter impeded on serotonin-altered vimentin network?
### Response:
| Based on our findings, we propose that phosphate modification of the SITPET sequence differentially, one at a time exposes the vimentin binding domain on the C-terminus of SERT. Conversely, following 5HT stimulation, the association between vimentin-SERT is enhanced which changes the cellular distribution of SERT on an altered vimentin network. |
### Instruction:
Do evaluation of sinus and atrioventricular nodes function in patients with vasovagal syncope?
### Response:
| The prevalence of mild SND, abnormal atrioventricular conduction, and carotid sinus hypersensitivity (CSH) was similar among patients with VVS regardless of the type of vasovagal reaction. SND and CSH do not seem to play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardioinhibitory vasovagal reaction. |
### Instruction:
Is the combination of IMT and stiffness parameter beta highly associated with concurrent coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| ST and IMT are associated with CAD and exhibited significant odds ratios for CAD. Our findings suggest that the combination of IMT and ST is a useful marker of atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Does bradykinin postconditioning protect pyramidal CA1 neurons against delayed neuronal death in rat hippocampus?
### Response:
| Bradykinin can be used as an effective stressor able to prevent mitochondrial failure leading to apoptosis-like delayed neuronal death in postischemic rat hippocampus. |
### Instruction:
Are fatigue , pain and muscle weakness frequent after Guillain-Barré syndrome and poliomyelitis?
### Response:
| Fatigue, pain, and muscle weakness are common sequelae after GBS and poliomyelitis. The symptoms interact with each other and contribute to long-term disability. |
### Instruction:
Does high dose of red wine elicit enhanced inhibition of fibrinolysis?
### Response:
| Findings may explain the increased risk of cardiovascular mortality among binge drinkers. |
### Instruction:
Does overexpression of visfatin/PBEF/Nampt alter whole-body insulin sensitivity and lipid profile in rats?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that visfatin/PBEF/Nampt improves insulin sensitivity and exerts its hypocholesterolemic effects at least partially through upregulation of the tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 protein and the mRNA levels of PPARgamma and SREBP-2. |
### Instruction:
Does severity of tobacco abstinence symptoms vary by time of day?
### Response:
| The data suggest that, compared with traditional single assessments of symptoms at midday, assessments at several times of the day may reveal greater overall levels of symptoms and perhaps greater effects of abstinence and nicotine replacement on select abstinence symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Is chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps associated with decreased expression of glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper?
### Response:
| Down-regulated expression of GILZ may contribute to the pathogenesis of CRSsNP and CRSwNP and associate with response to surgery. GILZ expression in the upper airways can be regulated differentially by different cytokines. |
### Instruction:
Is cerebrovascular reactivity a main determinant of white matter hyperintensity progression in CADASIL?
### Response:
| Decreased CVR is a potential predictor of disease progression as indicated by increasing WMHs in CADASIL. |
### Instruction:
Is long-term tea intake associated with reduced prevalence of ( type 2 ) diabetes mellitus among elderly people from Mediterranean islands : MEDIS epidemiological study?
### Response:
| The presented findings suggest that long-term tea intake is associated with reduced levels of fasting blood glucose and lower prevalence of diabetes, in a cohort of elderly people living in Mediterranean islands. |
### Instruction:
Does promoter methylation correlate with reduced NDRG2 expression in advanced colon tumour?
### Response:
| The findings highlight the usefulness of combining gene expression patterns and epigenetic data to identify tumour biomarkers, and suggest that NDRG2 silencing might bear influence on tumour invasiveness, being associated with a more advanced stage. |
### Instruction:
Does mild methionine excess affect thymidylate synthesis or inflammation markers expression in human aortic endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Under the study conditions, methionine was not able to exert the atherogenic mechanism proposed and did not have the hypothesized inflammatory consequences in human aortic endothelial cells. |
### Instruction:
Does extensive excision of deep infiltrative endometriosis before in vitro fertilization significantly improve pregnancy rates?
### Response:
| Extensive laparoscopic excision of DIE significantly improved IVF pregnancy rates of women with infertility-associated DIE. |
### Instruction:
Does angiotensin AT2 receptor stimulation cause neuroprotection in a conscious rat model of stroke?
### Response:
| Based on infarct, behavioral, and immunohistochemical data, these results indicate that centrally administered CGP42112 exhibits a neuroprotective effect, which was independent of blood pressure. Thus, for the first time, we have shown that central AT(2)R stimulation is neuroprotective in a conscious rat model of stroke. |
### Instruction:
Is vascular structure and function correlated to cognitive performance and white matter hyperintensities in older hypertensive patients with subjective memory complaints?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that vascular abnormalities, independently of blood pressure levels, may play a role in the setting of subjective memory complaints as well as of WMH in elderly hypertensive patients. Arterial thickness and stiffness as well as endothelial function should be assessed simultaneously and may represent additional targets for the prevention of subjective memory complaints and WMH. |
### Instruction:
Is clinical trial participation associated with improved outcome in women with ovarian cancer?
### Response:
| Women with ovarian cancer who participate in clinical trials at this institution have improved survival compared with those who are treated with standard therapies. No other factors examined were associated with treatment completion or survival. Further, participation in clinical research does not vary by age, ethnicity, urban versus rural lifestyle, or cancer stage or histologic subtype. However, disclosure of this information to potential clinical trial participants may represent an ethical conflict and should be carefully considered in light of existing ethical guidelines for human subject research. |
### Instruction:
Does detection of haemolysis and reporting of potassium result in samples from neonates?
### Response:
| The use of HI rather than visual inspection is particularly recommended in neonates whose serum tends to be icteric. It can be used in the same correction equation as in adults to compensate for potassium released due to haemolysis and facilitate reporting a qualitative comment to assist in immediate clinical management. |
### Instruction:
Does proteasome inhibition promote functional recovery after peripheral nerve reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| This study indicates that bortezomib; a proteasome inhibitor, is effective at promoting the functional recovery of reperfused peripheral nerve. The proteasome inhibition may play a role as one of the clinical strategy in the peripheral nervous system I/R injury with further understanding its mechanism of action. |
### Instruction:
Does vacuum-assisted closure therapy increase local interleukin-8 and vascular endothelial growth factor levels in traumatic wounds?
### Response:
| This study suggests that VAC therapy of traumatic wounds leads to increased local IL-8 and VEGF concentrations, which may trigger accumulation of neutrophils and angiogenesis and thus, accelerate neovascularization. |
### Instruction:
Is mF59 emulsion an effective delivery system for a synthetic TLR4 agonist ( E6020 )?
### Response:
| Combining adjuvants like E6020 and MF59 allowed a finer tuning of the immune response towards a particular Th bias, thus have significant implications for the development of improved influenza vaccines. |
### Instruction:
Is tissue Doppler imaging measurement of left ventricular systolic function in children : mitral annular displacement index superior to peak velocity?
### Response:
| Displacement index is linearly related to EF and also to other parameters of longitudinal systolic function. Displacement index has some advantages over Sz for assessing ventricular systolic function and should prove useful in measuring longitudinal and global LV systolic function. |
### Instruction:
Is lacunar stroke associated with diffuse blood-brain barrier dysfunction?
### Response:
| Patients with lacunar stroke have subtle, diffuse BBB dysfunction in white matter. Further studies are required to determine the relative contributions of BBB dysfunction and/or ischemia to the microvascular and brain abnormalities in lacunar stroke. |
### Instruction:
Do steroid hormones affect binding of the sigma ligand 11C-SA4503 in tumour cells and tumour-bearing rats?
### Response:
| The binding of (11)C-SA4503 is sensitive to steroid competition. Since not only increases but also decreases of steroid levels affect ligand binding, a considerable fraction of the sigma-1 receptor population in cultured tumour cells or tumour-bearing animals is normally occupied by endogenous steroids. |
### Instruction:
Is global leukocyte DNA methylation altered in euthymic bipolar patients?
### Response:
| The assay we used, based on restriction by methylation-sensitive/insensitive enzymes followed by a radioactive DNA polymerase reaction was approved to accurately measure global DNA methylation, but has technical limitations i.e. restriction enzymes do not cleave all potential methylation sites in the genome and restriction sites may be altered by mutations or polymorphisms. |
### Instruction:
Does active range of motion predict upper extremity function 3 months after stroke?
### Response:
| Simple AROM measurements of the upper extremity taken within 1 month after stroke can be used to predict upper extremity function at 3 months. This information is important for determining the prognosis of upper extremity functional recovery. |
### Instruction:
Does abatacept induce direct gene expression changes in antigen-presenting cells?
### Response:
| We conclude that reverse signaling in antigen-presenting cells is unlikely to occur in response to either abatacept or belatacept, thereby supporting the modulation of CD28 signaling on T cells as the main mechanism of action for these therapeutics. |
### Instruction:
Are cD3zeta expression and T cell proliferation inhibited by TGF-beta1 and IL-10 in cervical cancer patients?
### Response:
| T cell proliferation and cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA) expression were similar in women with SIL and healthy donors, whereas low T cell proliferation and lower mRNA expression of IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-gamma were observed in women with CC. Moreover, infiltrating cells showed marginal responses. We also found that CD3zeta mRNA expression, whose protein is required for T cell activation, correlated with a decreased proliferation in advanced stages of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Do posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder in adolescent bipolar disorder?
### Response:
| An increased rate of PTSD was found in adolescents with BPD. Subjects with both PTSD and BPD developed significantly more subsequent SUD, with BPD, PTSD, then SUD being the most common order of onset. Follow-up studies need to be conducted to elucidate the course and causal relationship of BPD, PTSD and SUD. |
### Instruction:
Does baseline hemoglobin concentration and creatinine clearance composite laboratory index improve risk stratification in ST-elevation myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| The LI is a simple, powerful tool to predict death in STEMI, either separately or with the TRS. |
### Instruction:
Does hypoxia regulate human lung fibroblast proliferation via p53-dependent and -independent pathways?
### Response:
| These results indicate that in NHLF, severe hypoxia leads to cell cycle arrest via the p53-p21 pathway, but that moderate hypoxia enhances cell proliferation via the p21 pathway in a p53-independent manner. In addition, our results suggest that p27 may be involved in compensating for p53 in cultured NHLF proliferation. |
### Instruction:
Does negative preoperative localization lead to greater resource use in the era of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy?
### Response:
| Patients with unsuccessful or discordant preoperative localization have a higher incidence of multigland disease, lower cure rate, and consume more institutional resources than patients with successful preoperative localization. |
### Instruction:
Is combinatory inhibition of VEGF and FGF2 superior to solitary VEGF inhibition in an in vitro model of RPE-induced angiogenesis?
### Response:
| RPE from CNV patients expresses angiogenic growth factors that act in part independently of VEGF. Targeted combinatory therapy can be superior to solitary anti-VEGF therapy. One possible candidate for combinatory therapy is FGF2. |
### Instruction:
Does fluvastatin attenuate IGF-1-induced ERK1/2 activation and cell proliferation by mevalonic acid depletion in human mesangial cells?
### Response:
| Fluvastatin inhibits IGF-1-induced activation of the MAP kinase pathway and MC proliferation by mevalonic acid depletion, and might have renoprotective effects by inhibiting IGF-1-mediated MC proliferation. |
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