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### Instruction:
Does expression of Selenoprotein Genes be Affected by Obesity of Pigs Fed a High-Fat Diet?
### Response:
| The high-fat diet induced inflammation in pigs and affected their gene expression of selenoproteins associated with thioredoxin and oxidoreductase systems, local tissue thyroid hormone activity, endoplasmic reticulum protein degradation, and phosphorylation of lipids. This porcine model may be used to study interactive mechanisms between excess fat intake and selenoprotein function. |
### Instruction:
Does dietary Silicon Deficiency Exacerbate Diet-Induced Fatty Lesions in Female ApoE Knockout Mice?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that dietary silicon has no effect on atherosclerosis development and vascular health in the apoE mouse model of diet-induced atherosclerosis, contrary to the reported findings in the cholesterol-fed rabbit model. |
### Instruction:
Does midupper Arm Circumference outperform Weight-Based Measures of Nutritional Status in Children with Diarrhea?
### Response:
| MUAC and MUACZ were the most accurate predictors of undernutrition in children with diarrhea. WAZ and WLZ were significantly affected by dehydration status, leading to the misdiagnosis of many patients on arrival with severe underweight and SAM. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02007733. |
### Instruction:
Are valid screening questions useful to diagnose hand and forearm eczema available in the Spanish language , a new tool for global research?
### Response:
| The questions validated detected eczema effectively, making this tool suitable for use e.g. in multicentre epidemiological studies or clinical trials. |
### Instruction:
Is gPRC6a required for the effects of a high-protein diet on body weight in mice?
### Response:
| GPRC6A was not necessary for the effects of a low- or high-protein diet on body weight and likely does not play a role in protein-induced satiety. |
### Instruction:
Does cigarette Smoke modulate NOD1 Signal Pathway and Human β Defensins Expression in Human Oral Mucosa?
### Response:
| The present study indicated that cigarette smoke could potentially modulate the expression of crucial molecules of NOD1 signal pathway and hBDs in human oral mucosal epithelium. NOD1 signal pathway could play an important role in the regulatory effects of CSE on hBDs levels in oral mucosal epithelial cells. |
### Instruction:
Do vitamin B12 and folate levels increase during treatment of iron deficiency anaemia in young adult woman?
### Response:
| Data from our work suggest that iron deficiency could affect many metabolic pathways, including vitamin B12, folate and lipids. These changes normalize after iron therapy, even in women with baseline low levels of serum vitamin B12. Healthcare practitioners should be aware of these changes in IDA management. The mechanisms controlling these changes remain to be explained, but they are probably related to the control of iron homeostasis (iron deficiency mediated stimuli). |
### Instruction:
Do high plasma triglyceride levels strongly correlate with low kisspeptin in the arcuate nucleus of male rats?
### Response:
| We find a strong negative correlation between plasma triglyceride concentrations and the number of kisspeptin neurons in the rat arcuate nucleus regardless of the percentage of fat in the diet. In line with the lipotoxicity hypothesis, our results suggest that it is the level of hypertriglyceridemia per se that is a detrimental factor for kisspeptin expression in the arcuate nucleus. |
### Instruction:
Are tissue inflammation and nitric oxide-mediated alterations in cardiovascular function major determinants of endotoxin-induced insulin resistance?
### Response:
| Nitric oxide excess and LPS impairs glycemic control by diminishing MGU. LPS impairs MGU by both the direct effect of inflammation on the myocyte, as well as by the indirect NO-driven cardiovascular dysfunction. |
### Instruction:
Do human Tear Serotonin Levels Correlate with Symptoms and Signs of Dry Eye?
### Response:
| Patients with DE symptoms and aqueous tear deficiency had higher tear serotonin levels compared with those with DE symptoms but normal tear production and those without DE symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Does trigonelline protect the cardiocyte from hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells?
### Response:
| It is suggested that less than 125 μ M of TG could protect the cells from H2O2 induced cell damage by down regulating the caspases and up regulating the Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL expression. Therefore, we suggest the trigonelline could be useful for treatment of oxidative stress mediated cardiovascular diseases in future. |
### Instruction:
Does monascus pilosus-fermented black soybean inhibit lipid accumulation in adipocytes and in high-fat diet-induced obese mice?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the anti-obesity effects of MFBS are elicited by regulating the expression of adipogenesis-related genes in adipocytes and WAT of HFD-induced obese mice. |
### Instruction:
Is the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in emergency departments after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest associated with the outcome : A nationwide observational study?
### Response:
| The duration of CPR varied widely among hospitals. The institutional duration of CPR less than 20 min was significantly associated with lower survival-to-discharge rate. |
### Instruction:
Does monoclonal antibody against transforming growth factor Beta 1 influence liver regeneration after resection in large animal experiments?
### Response:
| We established a large animal model of toxic liver injury that is comparable with CASH. The toxic injury that was induced without pause between administrations was probably more extensive than occurs in CASH, and there was no effect of MAB-TGFβ administration on liver regeneration. MAB-TGFβ administration did not lead to any observable side-effects, indicating that it could be a promising solution for use as an oncologic-targeted treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does miR-20a mediate temozolomide-resistance in glioblastoma cells via negatively regulating LRIG1 expression?
### Response:
| MiR-20a mediated TMZ-resistance in glioblastoma cells through negatively regulating LRIG1 expression, which suggesting that miR-20a and LRIG1 would be potential therapeutic targets for glioma therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does olfactory Function Assessment of Blind Subjects Using the Sniffin ' stick Test?
### Response:
| This finding may suggest that odor discrimination and odor threshold in blind people were superior to those of controls. There was no difference in any of the results of tasks among congenital and acquired blind subjects. |
### Instruction:
Do functional Polymorphisms in COX-2 Gene Are Correlated with the Risk of Oral Cancer?
### Response:
| Based on our results, COX-2 gene polymorphisms, +837 T > C (rs5275) and -765G > C (rs20417), showed clear links with oral cancer susceptibility, and the 1195A > G (rs689466) polymorphism did not show such a correlation. |
### Instruction:
Do human CD8+ T-Cell Responses Against the 4 Dengue Virus Serotypes Are Associated With Distinct Patterns of Protein Targets?
### Response:
| This study provides new insight into differential serotype-specific immunogenicity of DENV proteins. It further provides a potentially valuable tool for future investigations of CD8(+) T-cell responses in the typically small sample volumes available from patients with acute fever and children without requiring prior knowledge of either infecting DENV serotype or HLA type. |
### Instruction:
Does deletion of the Serotonin Receptor Type 3A in Mice lead to Sudden Cardiac Death During Pregnancy?
### Response:
| Htr3a is present in mouse hearts. Serotonin and Tph1 were increased during pregnancy. The deletion of Htr3a was related to fatal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death during pregnancy, and its activation reversed the QT prolongation. |
### Instruction:
Is recent Decrease in Colorectal Cancer Mortality Rate Affected by Birth Cohort in Korea?
### Response:
| Our study showed a recent decreasing trend in colorectal cancer mortality in women and a stable trend in men after 2003-2004. These changes in colorectal cancer mortality may be attributed to birth cohort effects. |
### Instruction:
Are small studies more heterogeneous than large ones : a meta-meta-analysis?
### Response:
| Heterogeneity between small studies is larger than between larger studies. The large imprecision with which τ is estimated in a typical small-studies' meta-analysis is another reason for concern, and sensitivity analyses are recommended. |
### Instruction:
Does perinatal Inhibition of NF-KappaB have Long-Term Antihypertensive and Renoprotective Effects in Fawn-Hooded Hypertensive Rats?
### Response:
| Perinatal inhibition of enhanced active renal NFκB in 2-day FHH had persistent antihypertensive and renoprotective effects. However, this was not the case for PPARγ stimulation. NFkB stimulation is therefore involved in renal damage in the FHH model of proteinuric renal disease by pathways other than via PPARγ. |
### Instruction:
Is down-regulation of microRNA-124 correlated with tumor metastasis and poor prognosis in patients with lung cancer?
### Response:
| Our results offer the convincing evidence that miR-124 may play key roles in the progression of lung cancer and that the down-regulated expression of miR-124 may be independently associated with shorter OS and DFS of patients, suggesting that miR-124 might be a potential marker for further risk stratification in the treatment of lung cancer. |
### Instruction:
Are polymorphisms in the DUSP10 gene associated with sex-specific colorectal cancer risk in a Han population?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that DUSP10 polymorphisms influence the risk of developing CRC in Han Chinese and emphasize that sex should be considered in the design and analysis of health studies and biomedical research. |
### Instruction:
Does optimal number of needle pass in endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration for pancreatic lesions?
### Response:
| Optimal numbers of needle passes in EUS-FNA for pancreatic lesions without onsite cytopathologist were between 1 and 3. |
### Instruction:
Does the deep hypothermic circulatory arrest cause more kidney malfunctions based on a novel rabbit model?
### Response:
| Our study established a simple, convenient, economical, and long-term surviving rabbit model for the study of DHCA-induced organic injury. Based on more significant kidney injuries, including elevated levels of serum cystatin C and NGAL at an early time, increased lipid peroxidation, decreased renal antioxidative ability, enhanced histological lesions, and increased tubular epithelial apoptosis from DHCA animals, we concluded that DHCA has more kidney dysfunctions than CPB without DHCA. |
### Instruction:
Do heated jackets and dryland-based activation exercises used as additional warm-ups during transition enhance sprint swimming performance?
### Response:
| Dryland-based exercise circuits completed alone and in combination with the application of heated tracksuit jackets during transition can significantly improve sprint swimming performance. Attenuation in the decline of core temperature and a reduction in start time appear as likely mechanisms. |
### Instruction:
Does x-shaped DNA potentiate therapeutic efficacy in colitis-associated colon cancer through dual activation of TLR9 and inflammasomes?
### Response:
| X-DNA induced the activation of dendritic cells as shown by the expression of immune-cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules, resulting in the differentiation of TH1 cells, mediated through dual activation of TLR9 and inflammasomes. X-DNA represents a promising immune adjuvant that can enhance the therapeutic efficacy of anti-cancer drugs by activating PRRs. |
### Instruction:
Do impact of a moving noise masker on speech perception in cochlear implant users?
### Response:
| CI users showed SRM that was comparable to normal hearing subjects. In listening situations of everyday life with spatial separation of source and masker, directional microphones significantly improved speech perception with individual improvements of up to 15 dB SNR. Users of bilateral speech processors with both directional microphones obtained the highest benefit. |
### Instruction:
Is minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis oesophagectomy a feasible and safe approach for patients with oesophageal cancer?
### Response:
| In this study, we demonstrate that MIILE is a feasible and safe approach for patients with middle or lower oesophageal cancer. |
### Instruction:
Are peripheral conduit and resistance artery function improved following a single , 1-h bout of peristaltic pulse external pneumatic compression?
### Response:
| Acutely, whole limb, lower pressure EPC improves conduit artery endothelial function systemically, but only improves RH blood flow locally (i.e., compressed limbs). |
### Instruction:
Do epithelial-mesenchymal Transition ( EMT ) Markers in Human Pituitary Adenomas Indicate a Clinical Course?
### Response:
| EMT markers are significant indicators of the appearance of cystic lesions, tumor progression, bone destruction and endocrine functions. These markers are valuable biomarkers in assessing the clinical course of pituitary adenomas. |
### Instruction:
Does high-dose Ionizing Radiation regulate Gene Expression Changes in the MCF7 Breast Cancer Cell Line?
### Response:
| In this study, we report genes and cellular networks activated following high-dose IOERT. The selected validated genes were used to design two descriptive models for each dose delivered. We believe that this study could contribute to the understanding over the complex mechanisms which regulate cell radiosensitivity and radioresistance in order to improve personalized radiotherapeutic treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does cross-fostering immediately after birth induce a permanent microbiota shift that is shaped by the nursing mother?
### Response:
| The results show that cross-fostering is an effective means to induce an early and maintained shift in the commensal microbiota. This will allow for the evaluation of a prolonged microbial shift and its effects on disease pathogenesis. Cross-fostering will also eliminate variation within control models by normalizing the commensal microbiota between different strains of mice. |
### Instruction:
Are genetic Variants in ASCT2 Gene Associated with the Prognosis of Transarterial Chemoembolisation-Treated Early- Stage Hepatocelluar Carcinoma?
### Response:
| We demonstrated that patients with early stage HCC carrying T genotype in rs2070246 showed better OS than those carrying CC genotype. |
### Instruction:
Does the evidence speak for itself : The role of research evidence in shaping policy change for the implementation of publicly funded syringe exchange programs in three US cities?
### Response:
| Typological applications of research evidence are useful for understanding policy change processes, but their efficacy falls short when sociopolitical factors complicate legislative processes. Advocates for harm reduction may benefit from understanding how to effectively integrate research evidence into policy change processes in ways that confront the myriad of factors that influence policy change. |
### Instruction:
Does variability of Automated Intraoperative ST Segment Values predict Postoperative Troponin Elevation?
### Response:
| Analysis of automated ST segment values obtained during anesthesia may be useful for improving the prediction of postoperative troponin elevation. |
### Instruction:
Does pHLDA3 overexpression in hepatocytes by endoplasmic reticulum stress via IRE1-Xbp1s pathway expedite liver injury?
### Response:
| ER stress in hepatocytes induces PHLDA3 via IRE1-Xbp1s pathway, which facilitates liver injury by inhibiting Akt. |
### Instruction:
Is the composition and differentiation potential of the duodenal intraepithelial innate lymphocyte compartment altered in coeliac disease?
### Response:
| Thus, we demonstrate previously unappreciated diversity and plasticity of the innate IEL compartment and its loss of differentiation potential in patients with RCDII. |
### Instruction:
Do candidate gene analysis and exome sequencing confirm LBX1 as a susceptibility gene for idiopathic scoliosis?
### Response:
| Here, we confirm LBX1 as a susceptibility gene for idiopathic scoliosis in a Scandinavian population and report that we are unable to find evidence of other genes of similar or stronger effect. |
### Instruction:
Does dATS suppress growth of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulation of ERK1/2?
### Response:
| Our finding demonstrated that DATS inhibits the proliferation of ESCC cells by activation of ERK1/2 in vitro and in vivo. These findings revealed that DATS could be used for therapeutic intervention for human ESCC. |
### Instruction:
Do neutrophil- and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios are correlated with disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Both NLR and PLR values may prove to be potential indices for RA disease-activity assessment. |
### Instruction:
Does miR-433 inhibit oral squamous cell carcinoma ( OSCC ) cell growth and metastasis by targeting HDAC6?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that miR-433 exerts its tumor suppressor function by targeting HDAC6, leading to the inhibition of OSCC cell growth, invasion and migration, which suggest that miR-433 may be potential target for diagnostic and therapeutic applications in OSCC. |
### Instruction:
Are osmophobia and allodynia critical factors for suicidality in patients with migraine?
### Response:
| Osmophobia and allodynia are critical factors for suicidality in patients with migraine, after controlling for depression, anxiety, and CM. |
### Instruction:
Does myrtol ameliorate cartilage lesions in an osteoarthritis rat model?
### Response:
| Myrtol could down-regulate the expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and Bax, and up-regulate the expression of TGF-β1 and Bcl-2. Myrtol standardized is a promising drug to ameliorate knee cartilage lesions in the OA rat model. |
### Instruction:
Is tumor necrosis factor-α expression in patients with obstructive benign prostatic hyperplasia associated with a higher incidence of asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis NIH category IV and prostatic calcification?
### Response:
| In patients with obstructive BPH, prostatic calculi were found on ultrasound in one-third of the cases, and histological NIH category IV prostatitis in two-thirds of cases. The incidence of both prostatitis NIH category IV and TNF-α expression was significantly higher in patients with prostatic calculi than in those without. |
### Instruction:
Does middle latency response correlate of single and double deviant stimuli in a multi-feature paradigm?
### Response:
| The optimum-2 multi-feature paradigm is suitable for recording double deviance-related modulations of the MLR. Interspersed intensity and frequency deviants in the standard trace of the optimum-2 condition multi-feature paradigm did not weaken the double MMN. |
### Instruction:
Do dietary fatty acids affect lipid metabolism and estrogen receptor expression in N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced rat mammary cancer model?
### Response:
| Our study showed that different dietary PUFAs may affect lipid metabolism in breast cancer tissues by altering the expression of FABP5, CD-36, FAS, and ER, which may change treatment response and even prognosis of breast cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is chronic hyperglycemia associated with acute kidney injury in patients undergoing CABG surgery -- a cohort study?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that CHG defined on a single measurement of HbA1c ≥ 6.0% was associated with the incidence of AKI after CABG. This finding might implicate that treatment decisions, including the selection of operative strategies, could be based on HbA1c measurement rather than on a recorded history of diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Are extraocular muscle morphogenesis and gene expression regulated by Pitx2 gene dose?
### Response:
| Pitx2 gene dose regulates both morphogenesis and gene expression in developing extraocular muscles. The expression of key muscle-specific transcription factor genes is regulated by Pitx2 gene dose, suggesting that sufficient levels of PITX2 protein are essential for early initiation of the myogenic regulatory cascade in extraocular muscles. These results document the first ocular tissue affected by Pitx2 gene dose in a model organism, where the underlying mechanisms can be analyzed, and provide a paradigm for future experiments designed to elucidate additional effects of Pitx2 gene dose during eye development. |
### Instruction:
Does i ( Kr ) contribute to the altered ventricular repolarization that determines long-term cardiac memory?
### Response:
| A transcriptionally induced change in epicardial I(Kr) contributes to the altered ventricular repolarization that characterizes CM. |
### Instruction:
Do nMDA receptor antibodies predict adverse neurological outcome after cardiac surgery in high-risk patients?
### Response:
| Preoperative serum concentrations of NR2Ab, but not S100B or CRP, are predictive of severe neurological adverse events after CPB. Patients with a positive NR2Ab test (> or =2.0 ng/mL) preoperatively were nearly 18 times more likely to experience a postoperative neurological event than patients with a negative test (<2.0 ng/mL). |
### Instruction:
Does peptide YY attenuate STAT1 and STAT3 activation induced by TNF-alpha in acinar cell line AR42J?
### Response:
| In pancreatic acinar cells, TNF-alpha activated STAT1 and STAT3, known mediators of inflammatory cytokines. Interestingly, PYY attenuated their protein/DNA binding, which may have an impact on development of the disease. Additional investigation of STAT proteins and PYY could provide new therapeutic strategies for pancreatitis. |
### Instruction:
Are serine proteases HTRA1 and HTRA3 down-regulated with increasing grades of human endometrial cancer?
### Response:
| These data suggest that HTRA1 and HTRA3 mRNA and protein levels decrease with increasing grades of EC. |
### Instruction:
Does extravascular lung water determined with single transpulmonary thermodilution correlate with the severity of sepsis-induced acute lung injury?
### Response:
| In human septic shock, EVLWI demonstrated moderate correlation with markers of acute lung injury, such as lung compliance, oxygenation ratio, roentgenogram quadrants, and lung injury score. In nonsurvivors, EVLWI and permeability indexes were significantly increased at day 3. Thus, EVLWI might be of value as an indicator of prognosis and severity of sepsis-induced acute lung injury. |
### Instruction:
Is progressive cardiac conduction defect the prevailing phenotype in carriers of a Brugada syndrome SCN5A mutation?
### Response:
| The present study shows that the most common phenotype of gene carriers of a BS-type SCN5A mutation is progressive cardiac conduction defects similar to the Lenègre disease phenotype. In consequence, we propose that carriers of a SCN5A mutation need a clinical and ECG follow-up because of the risk associated with severe conduction defects. |
### Instruction:
Does tumor necrosis factor-a antisense transfer remarkably improve hepatic graft viability?
### Response:
| TNF-AS delivery improves the viability of the hepatic graft, and this technique may solve hepatic graft nonfunction in a clinical setting. |
### Instruction:
Are soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and soluble E-selectin associated with micro- and macrovascular complications in Type 1 diabetic patients?
### Response:
| In this large sample of Type 1 diabetic patients, it was shown that sVCAM-1 and sE-selectin have positive associations with retinopathy, albuminuria, and CVD. This suggests that adhesion molecules are important in the pathogenesis of vascular complications in Type 1 diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Is pregabalin effective against behavioral and electrographic seizures during alcohol withdrawal?
### Response:
| Collectively, these results suggest that pregabalin may be an effective therapeutic agent for medical management of alcohol detoxification. |
### Instruction:
Is cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 promoter polymorphism associated with aspirin-intolerant asthma in males?
### Response:
| These results suggest that genetic variants of CysLTR1 are associated with AIA in a Korean population, and may modulate CysLTR1 expression. |
### Instruction:
Do infected chronic wounds show different local and systemic arginine conversion compared with acute wounds?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that patients with infected chronic wounds have decreased plasma arginine levels and suggests enhanced arginine conversion in the wound. In contrast to noninfected chronic wounds, arginine seems to be mainly metabolized by arginase in infected chronic wounds. In conclusion, our hypothesis is that impaired wound healing is related to an altered arginine usage. |
### Instruction:
Is focal S100A4 protein expression an independent predictor of development of metastatic disease in cystectomized bladder cancer patients?
### Response:
| There is a potential role for this marker in denoting patients with high or low risk of distant relapse independent of clinical stage and grade. |
### Instruction:
Are c3a levels and occurrence of subdermal vascular thrombosis age-related in deep second-degree burn wounds?
### Response:
| C3a is continuously elevated in deep second-degree burned wounds in patients > 60 years. This finding may be related to the occurrence of significantly more thrombotic blood vessels in deep dermal tissue of elderly patients. Microdialysis therapy is a useful tool to measure metabolic and immunologic parameters in thermally damaged tissue. |
### Instruction:
Is distribution of lymph node metastasis a prognostic index in patients with stage III colon cancer?
### Response:
| This study suggests that adding the concept of nodal distribution to the conventional TNM staging of colon cancer will improve the accuracy in the evaluation of the nodal status. |
### Instruction:
Do noscapine and diltiazem augment taxol and radiation-induced S-phase arrest and clonogenic death of C6 glioma in vitro?
### Response:
| Noscapine and D should be further tested in animal models because of their potential and already-present clinical applicability. |
### Instruction:
Is major histocompatibility complex haplotype associated with postherpetic pain in mice?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the MHC haplotype (H-2) is involved in the incidence of postherpetic pain, and CD3-positive T cells may play a role in its pathogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Do adolescents involved in weight-related and power team sports have better eating patterns and nutrient intakes than non-sport-involved adolescents?
### Response:
| Sport-involved adolescents have better eating habits and nutrient intake than their non-sport-involved peers. However, they are still in need of nutrition interventions, particularly around calcium intake. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of connective tissue growth factor by siRNA prevent liver fibrosis in rats?
### Response:
| Silencing CTGF expression with siRNA demonstrates therapeutic potential to prevent liver fibrosis by inhibiting HSC activation with consequent extracellular matrix accumulation and the upregulation of TGF-beta1 gene expression. |
### Instruction:
Is a quantitative immunochemical faecal occult blood test more efficient for detecting significant colorectal neoplasia than a sensitive guaiac test?
### Response:
| An immunochemical faecal test maintains the high sensitivity of guaiac faecal occult blood test, but significantly reduces the colonoscopy burden and screening costs. |
### Instruction:
Does dense breast stromal tissue show greatly increased concentration of breast epithelium but no increase in its proliferative activity?
### Response:
| Breast epithelial cells are overwhelmingly concentrated in high CT density areas. Their proliferation rate in areas of high and medium CT density is lower than that in low CT density areas. The increased breast cancer risk associated with increased mammographic densities may simply be a reflection of increased epithelial cell numbers. Why epithelium is concentrated in high CT density areas remains to be explained. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Vitamin C reverse benzo ( a ) pyrene-induced cell cycle changes by E2F pathway ]?
### Response:
| Vitamin C might reserve the B (a) P-induced changes of cell cycle via intracellular signaling pathway of cyclin D1-CDK4/E2F-1/4. |
### Instruction:
Do development of a stain shade guide to aid the measurement of extrinsic dental stain?
### Response:
| The findings of this study would suggest that the use of the stain guide could be of importance in the assessment of extrinsic dental stain. |
### Instruction:
Are platelet levels of dopamine increased in migraine and cluster headache?
### Response:
| Our results support the hypothesis that the dopaminergic system is impaired in migraine and cluster headache and suggest that high platelet levels of dopamine may represent an abnormal biochemical phenotypic trait of these primary headaches. |
### Instruction:
Is endocrine function altered in chronic migraine patients with medication-overuse?
### Response:
| Our study shows that both corticotropic and somatotropic functions are significantly impaired in CM-MOH patients and suggests a role for hormones in the development of chronic migraine. |
### Instruction:
Are genes encoding bile acid , phospholipid and anion transporters expressed in a human fetal cardiomyocyte culture?
### Response:
| We have developed an in vitro model of the fetal heart that may be used for studies of the cardiac effect of endobiotics, e.g. bile acids, or of specific agents that may be used to treat the mother or fetus in pregnancy. |
### Instruction:
Is the D2 dopamine receptor ( DRD2 ) gene associated with co-morbid depression , anxiety and social dysfunction in untreated veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder?
### Response:
| DRD2 variants are associated with severe co-morbid psychopathology in PTSD subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does sulfasalazine prevent apoptosis in spermatogenic cells after experimental testicular torsion/detorsion?
### Response:
| NF-kappaB activation of spermatogenic epithelium is related to apoptosis of spermatogenic cells. Sulfasalazine can prevent apoptosis in spermatogenic cells after the experimental testicular torsion through prevention of NF-kappaB activation. |
### Instruction:
Is functional polymorphism of the NFKB1 gene promoter relevant in predisposition to celiac disease?
### Response:
| From these results, it could be suggested that the -94ins/delATTG NFKB1 polymorphism does not play a major role in CD susceptibility. |
### Instruction:
Is mutacin H-29B identical to mutacin II ( J-T8 )?
### Response:
| A simple procedure for production and purification of mutacins along with its characterization is presented. Our results show that the amino acid sequence of mutacin H-29B is identical to the already known mutacin II (J-T8) over the first 24 residues. S. mutans strains of widely different origins may thus produce very similar bacteriocins. |
### Instruction:
Do small-scale randomized controlled trials need more powerful methods of mediational analysis than the Baron-Kenny method?
### Response:
| Methodologically rigorous intervention studies to identify mediators of change in physical activity are costly and labor intensive, and may not be feasible with large samples. The use of statistically powerful tests of mediational effects in small-scale studies can inform the development of more effective interventions. |
### Instruction:
Does post-operative use of heparin increase morbidity of pacemaker implantation?
### Response:
| Post-operative use of heparin increases morbidity of pacemaker implantation. A different approach to management of these patients is possible. |
### Instruction:
Does the genome of Rhizobium leguminosarum have recognizable core and accessory components?
### Response:
| Overall, the genome can be considered to have two main components: a 'core', which is higher in G+C, is mostly chromosomal, is shared with related organisms, and has a consistent phylogeny; and an 'accessory' component, which is sporadic in distribution, lower in G+C, and located on the plasmids and chromosomal islands. The accessory genome has a different nucleotide composition from the core despite a long history of coexistence. |
### Instruction:
Does in vitro FRAP identify the minimal requirements for Mad2 kinetochore dynamics?
### Response:
| In vitro FRAP is a widely applicable approach to dissecting the molecular bases of the interaction of a macromolecule with an insoluble cellular scaffold. The combination of in vitro fluorescence recovery after photobleaching with additional fluorescence-based assays in vitro can be used to unveil mechanism, stoichiometry, and kinetic parameters of a macromolecular interaction, all of which are important for modeling protein interaction networks. |
### Instruction:
Is hURP a Ran-importin beta-regulated protein that stabilizes kinetochore microtubules in the vicinity of chromosomes?
### Response:
| Our study identifies HURP as a novel component of the Ran-importin beta-regulated spindle assembly pathway, supporting the conclusion that K-fiber formation and stabilization involves both the centrosome-dependent microtubule search and capture mechanism and the RanGTP pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is hURP part of a Ran-dependent complex involved in spindle formation?
### Response:
| HURP is a new and essential component of the mitotic apparatus. HURP acts as part of a multicomponent complex that affects the growth or stability of spindle MTs and is required for spindle MT organization. |
### Instruction:
Does temporary esophageal stenting allow healing of esophageal perforations following atrial fibrillation ablation procedures?
### Response:
| Early diagnosis of esophageal perforations following LACA may allow temporary esophageal stenting with successful esophageal healing. Prompt chest CT scans with oral and i.v. contrast should be considered in any patient with sub-sternal chest pain or dysphagia following LACA. |
### Instruction:
Is membrane-associated heparan sulfate required for rAAV-2 infection of human respiratory epithelia?
### Response:
| Lack of cell membrane HSPG in pulmonary epithelia and other cell lines results in only moderate decrease in susceptibility to rAAV-2 infection, and this decrease may be less important at high MOIs. Other cell membrane glycosaminoglycans can play a role in permitting attachment and subsequent rAAV-2 internalization. Targeting alternative membrane glycosaminoglycans may aid in improving the efficacy of rAAV-2 for pulmonary applications. |
### Instruction:
Does fas signaling induce raft coalescence that is blocked by cholesterol depletion in human RPE cells undergoing apoptosis?
### Response:
| Human ARPE-19 cells in culture contain membrane rafts with apoptotic signaling effectors uniformly distributed in the native state. The cells stimulated to undergo apoptosis appear to use membrane rafts in the death-signaling process by mobilization of rafts to localized regions of the membrane that are now enriched with apoptotic signaling effectors. Fas signaling induces apoptotic raft formation that results in polar condensation, or capping, of the rafts in the late stages of apoptosis. A novel extrusion technique is described that allows localization and enrichment of rafts into membrane vesicles, which can be assayed by flow cytometry. Cholesterol depletion, after Fas ligand activation of apoptosis, reduced raft formation in cells induced to undergo apoptosis. Therapeutic implications for the treatment of retinal disorders are discussed. |
### Instruction:
Is the iron carrier transferrin upregulated in retinas from patients with age-related macular degeneration?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that transferrin expression is increased in the retinas of patients with AMD relative to those of healthy control patients of comparable age. Along with previous studies that have demonstrated elevated iron levels in AMD retinas, early onset drusen formation in a patient with retinal iron overload resulting from aceruloplasminemia, and retinal degeneration with some features of macular degeneration in the iron-overloaded retinas of ceruloplasmin/hephestin knockout mice, the present study suggests that altered iron homeostasis is associated with AMD. |
### Instruction:
Is endothelial nitric oxide synthase expressed in amacrine cells of developing human retinas?
### Response:
| The results support that eNOS plays a role, not only in the regulation of vascular function but also in the process of retinal development in humans. |
### Instruction:
Does generation of IL-8 and TNF-alpha in platelet concentrate during storage?
### Response:
| These data indicate that gamma irradiation can not prevent generation of IL-8 in platelet concentrates during storage, but prestorage leukoreduction of platelet concentrates can prevent accumulation of IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha during storage. |
### Instruction:
Does left ventricular reconstruction bring benefit for patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| The outcome at midterm of coronary artery surgery alone in patients with a preoperative large left ventricle was inferior compared with the outcome achieved with additional ventricular restoration. |
### Instruction:
Do women seeking treatment for advanced pelvic organ prolapse have decreased body image and quality of life?
### Response:
| Women seeking treatment for advanced pelvic organ prolapse have decreased body image and overall quality of life. Body image may be a key determinant for quality of life in patients with advanced prolapse and may be an important outcome measure for treatment evaluation in clinical trials. |
### Instruction:
Do four peptides decrease human colon adenocarcinoma cell number and DNA synthesis via cyclic GMP?
### Response:
| Four peptide hormones eliminate up to 97% of colon cancer cells within 24 h with their DNA effects specifically mediated by cyclic GMP. |
### Instruction:
Does motility of the pouch correlate with quality of life after total gastrectomy?
### Response:
| An interposed jejunum pouch showed bursts of contractile activity that affected postoperative gastrointestinal function and patient QOL. |
### Instruction:
Do elevated plasma TGF-beta1 levels correlate with decreased survival of metastatic breast cancer patients?
### Response:
| We have performed a pilot study to determine the relationship between overall survival and TGF-beta(1) concentration in the blood of metastatic breast cancer patients. The survival was significantly reduced in the patients with elevated plasma TGF-beta(1) levels compared to that of the patients with plasma TGF-beta(1) levels close to normal. We propose that plasma TGF-beta(1) concentration may be a new tumour marker attributed to the presence of metastatic BC cells that may be used in selection of metastatic BC patients with poor prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Do endothelin-1 serum levels correlate with MCP-1 but not with homocysteine plasma concentration in patients with systemic sclerosis?
### Response:
| In SSc, Hcy plasma concentration does not influence ET-1, MCP-1, or MCP-3 levels. On the contrary, ET-1, a marker of vascular activation, correlates with MCP-1, a chemokine involved in the fibrotic process of SSc. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Concurrent administration of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy after breast-conservative surgery enhance late toxicities ]?
### Response:
| Following breast conserving surgery, the concurrent use of CT with RT is significantly associated with an increase incidence of grade 2 or greater late side effects. |
### Instruction:
Does everolimus ( RAD ) inhibit in vivo growth of murine squamous cell carcinoma ( SCC VII )?
### Response:
| Everolimus provides potent tumor inhibition in animals inoculated with SCC VII cells. Inhibition of both local and distant spread of disease is evident. Although most immunosuppressives are known to potentiate neoplastic disease, this study supports the use of everolimus immunosuppression in the face of prior malignancy. This data has significant implication for laryngeal transplantation after laryngectomy. |
### Instruction:
Is infarct-remodeled myocardium receptive to protection by isoflurane postconditioning : role of protein kinase B/Akt signaling?
### Response:
| Infarct-remodeled myocardium is receptive to protection by isoflurane postconditioning via protein kinase B/Akt signaling. This is the first time to demonstrate that anesthetic postconditioning retains its marked protection in diseased myocardium. |
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