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### Instruction:
Does sSeCKS/Gravin/AKAP12 attenuate expression of proliferative and angiogenic genes during suppression of v-Src-induced oncogenesis?
### Response:
| Our data provide further evidence that SSeCKS can suppress Src-induced oncogenesis by modulating gene expression downstream of Src kinase activity. |
### Instruction:
Do c-reactive protein products generated by neutrophil elastase promote neutrophil apoptosis?
### Response:
| These results suggest that CRP degradation products generated by neutrophil elastase promote neutrophil apoptosis. Cleavage of CRP by neutrophil elastase may offer protection from inflammatory injury. |
### Instruction:
Is the peritoneal cavity a distinct compartment of angiogenic molecular mediators?
### Response:
| Peritoneal compartmentalization of angiogenic mediators important in wound healing, inflammation, and tumor growth suggests that the plasma concentrations of these mediators do not reflect their tissue concentrations or local biological activity. |
### Instruction:
Is seasonal childhood anaemia in West Africa associated with the haptoglobin 2-2 genotype?
### Response:
| The finding that haptoglobin 2-2 genotype is a risk factor for anaemia in children in a malaria-endemic area may reflect the reduced ability of the Hp2-2 polymer to scavenge free haemoglobin-iron following malaria-induced haemolysis. The magnitude of the effect of haptoglobin genotype (4 g/l Hb difference, p = 0.0009) was comparable to that of G6PD deficiency or HbAS (3 g/l difference, p = 0.03; and 2 g/l difference, p = 0.68, respectively). |
### Instruction:
Is a rare RET gene exon 8 mutation found in two Greek kindreds with familial medullary thyroid carcinoma : implications for screening?
### Response:
| It is likely that this mutation causes FMTC, as no other mutation was found in the RET gene, the mutation co-segregates with FMTC, and family members without the mutation are clinically unaffected. As the same point mutation was previously found in a large Brazilian family, it may be present in other populations as well. Therefore, exon 8 of RET should be screened in FMTC families with no identified common RET mutations. |
### Instruction:
Do notochord cells regulate intervertebral disc chondrocyte proteoglycan production and cell proliferation?
### Response:
| The biology of the disc-derived chondrocyte is profoundly affected by NCCM in that various concentrations of NCCM activate proteoglycan production in a dose-dependent fashion. However, in the doses tested in our study, cell proliferation was increased but in a nondose-dependent fashion. Notochord cells retain their phenotype even in monolayer and through the development of floating intimately associated masses of cells suggest the development and maintenance of cell-cell interaction. These masses of cells are retained even after 6 days in culture when they do attach to the tissue plate surface. The persistence of notochord cells in non-chondrodystrophic dog species suggests that these in vitro studies may mirror the milieu of the disc in vivo, in which the notochord cell may play a key role in disc homeostasis. |
### Instruction:
Do viscoelasticity and temperature variations decrease tension and stiffness of hamstring tendon grafts following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction?
### Response:
| Graft tension and stiffness achieved immediately following reconstruction are not maintained postoperatively because of stress relaxation and a temperature increase. This could lead to increased knee laxity. |
### Instruction:
Is protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B involved in neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that PTP1B plays an important role in neuroendocrine differentiation, and therefore, may possibly be involved in the progression of prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does finasteride target prostate vascularity by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting cell adhesion of benign and malignant prostate cells?
### Response:
| Finasteride can induce prostate apoptosis and reduce tissue vascularity by inhibiting epithelial cell adhesion. This evidence supports that finasteride has apoptotic and anti-angiogenic effects against benign and malignant prostate. |
### Instruction:
Does androgen and anti-androgen treatment modulate androgen receptor activity and DJ-1 stability?
### Response:
| Stabilization of AR and its co-regulators in the absence of androgen may partially account for anti-androgen withdrawal syndrome and potentially contribute to the development of hormone refractory PCa. |
### Instruction:
Does prostaglandin E1 attenuate impairment of cellular immunity after cardiopulmonary bypass?
### Response:
| PGE1 attenuated the impairment of cellular immunity after cardiac surgery with CPB by reducing oxidative stress on PBMCs. |
### Instruction:
Do new Zealand health professionals agree about what defines appropriate attendance at an emergency department?
### Response:
| While there are some areas of general agreement, there is no clear consensus between the professionals surveyed regarding the concept of 'appropriateness.' This has implications for any interventions aimed at addressing ED 'overcrowding' that assume the presence of a consensus understanding of this concept. |
### Instruction:
Is the photocurrent response of human cones fast and monophasic?
### Response:
| The close correspondence between experiment and theory, using parameters previously derived for recordings from macaque retina, supports the notion that the electroretinogram approach and the modelling approach both provide an accurate estimate of the cone photoresponse in the living human eye. For reasons that remain unclear, the responses of isolated photoreceptors from the macaque retina, recorded previously using the suction pipette method, are considerably slower than found here, and display biphasic kinetics. |
### Instruction:
Are pAPP-A and osteoprotegerin , together with interleukin-8 and RANTES , elevated in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis?
### Response:
| Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A and osteoprotegerin may play a role in the inflammation process of endometriosis, but interleukin-8 and regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted are superior peritoneal fluid markers. |
### Instruction:
Is repair of the injury to respiratory epithelial cells characteristic of asthma stimulated by Allomyrina dichotoma agglutinin specific serum glycoproteins?
### Response:
| These results indicate that following mechanical injury to the epithelium, serum glycoproteins, not only provide a protective barrier, but also are involved in the initiation of wound closure. |
### Instruction:
Does continuous positive airway pressure reduce nocturia in patients with obstructive sleep apnea?
### Response:
| CPAP appears to be an effective treatment for nocturia associated with OSA. |
### Instruction:
Does systemic administration of simvastatin after the onset of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage attenuate cerebral vasospasm?
### Response:
| Subcutaneous administration of simvastatin after the onset of SAH attenuates perivascular granulocyte migration and ameliorates basilar artery vasospasm after experimental SAH in rabbits. 5-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, such as simvastatin, may potentially serve as agents in the prevention of cerebral vasospasm after SAH. |
### Instruction:
Do a randomized trial of the anti-depressant effects of low- and high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation in treatment-resistant depression?
### Response:
| HFL-rTMS and LFR-rTMS appear to be equally efficacious in treating major depression. This study adds to the growing literature supporting LFR-rTMS as an additional viable method of rTMS delivery in the treatment of depression. |
### Instruction:
Is light cola drink less erosive than the regular one : an in situ/ex vivo study?
### Response:
| The data suggest that the light cola drink is less erosive than the regular one. |
### Instruction:
Does varus alignment lead to increased forces in the anterior cruciate ligament?
### Response:
| There is a direct relationship between varus alignment and anterior cruciate ligament tension. In the absence of an anterior cruciate ligament, the amount of lateral opening tends to increase. With increasing lateral opening, a thrust can sometimes be experimentally observed. |
### Instruction:
Are asymmetric and symmetric dimethylarginines of similar predictive value for cardiovascular risk in the general population?
### Response:
| This study argues against an exclusive ADMA effect in mediating cardiovascular risk. Instead, SDMA, its supposedly inactive counterpart, has similar diagnostic value in this large prospective cohort. |
### Instruction:
Does in vitro evaluation of the precision of working cast for implant-supported restoration with multiple abutments?
### Response:
| There was no statistical difference between the two methods studied. |
### Instruction:
Do eZH2 and BMI1 inversely correlate with prognosis and TP53 mutation in breast cancer?
### Response:
| Overall, our data highlight that whereas EZH2 and BMI1 may function in a 'linear' pathway in normal development, their overexpression has different functional consequences for breast tumourigenesis. |
### Instruction:
Is a short course of antibiotic treatment effective in preventing death from experimental inhalational anthrax after discontinuing antibiotics?
### Response:
| In the treatment of inhalational anthrax, the prolonged course of antibiotics required to achieve prophylaxis may not be necessary to prevent anthrax that results from the germination of retained spores after the discontinuation of antibiotics. |
### Instruction:
Does helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin inhibit duodenal bicarbonate secretion by a histamine-dependent mechanism in mice?
### Response:
| H. pylori VacA inhibits PGE2-stimulated duodenal epithelial HCO3- secretion by a histamine-dependent mechanism. This effect likely contributes to the damaging effect of H. pylori in the duodenal mucosa. |
### Instruction:
Does daidzein administration in vivo reduce myocardial injury in a rat ischemia/reperfusion model by inhibiting NF-kappaB activation?
### Response:
| This study reveals that the administration of daidzein in vivo attenuates I/R-induced myocardial damage via inhibition of NF-kappaB activation, which in turn may suppress inflammatory cytokine expression. |
### Instruction:
Does additional training with an obstetric simulator improve medical student comfort with basic procedures?
### Response:
| Additional training with an obstetric simulator improved medical student self-reported comfort with and understanding of basic procedures compared with standard resident and staff-directed instruction. |
### Instruction:
Does surfactant pretreatment decrease long-term damage after ischemia-reperfusion injury of the lung?
### Response:
| Severe LIRI caused extensive pulmonary injury up to 90 days postoperatively. Surfactant pretreatment normalized pulmonary function, but resulted in an increased number of CD5(+)CD4(+)-cells and macrophages in lung tissue. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Treatment of skeletal Class II adult patients with microscrew implant anchorage and multi-loop edgewise arch wire ]?
### Response:
| The treatment of adult patients with skeletal Class II high angle malocclusions with MIA and MEAW technique could not only improve the facial esthetics but also avoided the common side effects of traditional Class II elastics. |
### Instruction:
Does improving operation note to meet British Orthopaedic Association guidelines?
### Response:
| Surgeon education and the use of a checklist produce better quality total knee replacement operation notes in line with BOA guidelines. Further improvements may be made by making the data points part of the operation note itself. |
### Instruction:
Does morus alba leaf extract stimulate 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase in isolated rat skeletal muscle?
### Response:
| MLE stimulates skeletal muscle AMPK activity acutely without changing the intracellular energy status. |
### Instruction:
Is [ Glycine involved in the modulation of respiratory rhythmical discharge activity in neonatal rat medullary brain slices ]?
### Response:
| Gly may play an important role in the modulation of RRDA in the medulla oblongata slice of neonatal rats. |
### Instruction:
Does human cellular microRNA hsa-miR-29a interfere with viral nef protein expression and HIV-1 replication?
### Response:
| Our results show that the cellular miRNA hsa-miR29a downregulates the expression of Nef protein and interferes with HIV-1 replication. |
### Instruction:
Are simultaneous bilateral native nephrectomy and living donor renal transplantation successful for polycystic kidney disease : the University of Maryland experience?
### Response:
| Bilateral nephrectomy and immediate transplantation in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease can be done with minimal morbidity. Preliminary studies show that patients may have significant improvement in quality of life from this procedure and graft viability is not compromised. |
### Instruction:
Does a meta-analysis of leptin reference range in the healthy paediatric prepubertal population?
### Response:
| No studies have established CLSI-based leptin reference ranges in prepubertal healthy children and there is a wide variation in the published leptin concentrations. These differences suggest that caution should be used in the interpretation and comparison between studies. |
### Instruction:
Does analysis of mammalian gene batteries reveal both stable ancestral cores and highly dynamic regulatory sequences?
### Response:
| Our study reveals the dynamics of evolutionary changes within metazoan gene networks, including both the composition of gene batteries and the architecture of target gene promoters. This variation provides the playground required for evolutionary innovation around conserved ancestral core functions. |
### Instruction:
Is prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer associated with lymph node ratio : a single-center analysis of 3,026 patients over a 25-year time period?
### Response:
| The defined cut-off values of LNRs were strong independent prognostic factors for colorectal cancer patients and should be calculated for risk group stratification. |
### Instruction:
Does neural stem cell transplantation rescue rectum function in the aganglionic rat?
### Response:
| CNS-NSC transplantation may provide a viable therapeutic option for disorders of the enteric nervous system. |
### Instruction:
Are depression and anxiety symptoms associated with reduced dietary adherence in heart failure patients treated with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator?
### Response:
| Findings suggest that many HF patients treated with an ICD do not comply with dietary recommendations. Depression and anxiety symptoms were found to be associated with worse dietary adherence, whereas social support was not related to adherence. Further research is needed to understand the role of social support in dietary adherence in HF patients. |
### Instruction:
Does intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury trigger activation of innate toll-like receptor 4 and adaptive chemokine programs?
### Response:
| This study is the first to demonstrate increased expression of TLR4 and NF-kappaB after warm intestinal IRI. This detrimental cascade may be initiated by TLR4 via NF-kappaB signaling pathways, implicating TLR4 as a potential therapeutic target for the prevention of intestinal IRI. |
### Instruction:
Does hepatic ischemia-reperfusion induce insulin resistance via down-regulation during the early steps in insulin signaling in rats?
### Response:
| Hepatic I/R inhibited insulin secretion and induced insulin resistance via down-regulation during the early steps in insulin signaling in rats. |
### Instruction:
Does survey of microsatellite clustering in eight fully sequenced species shed light on the origin of compound microsatellites?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest a more dynamic picture of microsatellite evolution than previously believed. Imperfections within microsatellites might not only cause the "death" of microsatellites they might also result in their "birth". |
### Instruction:
Does immunosuppression associated with interleukin-1R-associated-kinase-M upregulation predict mortality in Gram-negative sepsis ( melioidosis )?
### Response:
| Immunosuppression in sepsis caused by B. pseudomallei is associated with an upregulation of IRAK-M and an indicator of poor outcome. |
### Instruction:
Does modulation of nuclear factor-kappaB improve cardiac dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest?
### Response:
| Improvement of cardiopulmonary function after ischemia/reperfusion was associated with the reduction of NF-kappaB activity in piglet hearts. Maintenance of systemic oxygen delivery and alleviation of pulmonary hypertension after CPB/DHCA in piglets administered SN50, possibly through a reduction of circulating endothelin-1, suggest that selective inhibition of NF-kappaB activity may reduce ischemia and reperfusion injury after pediatric cardiac surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does alverine citrate plus simethicone reduce cecal intubation time in colonoscopy - a randomized study?
### Response:
| Alverine citrate plus simethicone reduced the intubation time significantly by 19%, from 7.48 minutes to 6.20 minutes. |
### Instruction:
Does human mesenteric adipose tissue play unique role versus subcutaneous and omental fat in obesity related diabetes?
### Response:
| Human mesenteric adipose tissue in obese diabetic subjects has high basal glycerol release and impaired isoproterenol stimulated glycerol release. The obesity-related gene expressions in the mesenteric adipose tissue are up regulated, suggesting that the alterations of these genes in mesentery adipose depot may play a critical role in insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome. |
### Instruction:
Are simple measures as effective as invasive techniques in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Malawi?
### Response:
| For countries such as Malawi, the best use of limited resources to detect smear-positive PTB cases would be to improve the quality of self-expectorated sputum collection and microscopy. The additional diagnostic yield using BAL after induced sputum is limited. |
### Instruction:
Does cPAP therapy of obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetics improve glycemic control during sleep?
### Response:
| Our study is limited by the lack of a control group, but the results suggest that sleeping glucose levels decrease and are more stable after patients with type 2 diabetes and OSA are treated with CPAP. |
### Instruction:
Do lactotripeptides lower ambulatory blood pressure in untreated whites : results from 2 controlled multicenter crossover studies?
### Response:
| The data do not support a BP-lowering effect of LTPs in whites. |
### Instruction:
Does very mild hypothermia during ischemia and reperfusion improve postinfarction ventricular remodeling?
### Response:
| Subtle degrees of hypothermia can significantly improve immediate myocardial salvage and long-term LV remodeling after infarct reperfusion. |
### Instruction:
Is gene expression in human chondrocytes in late osteoarthritis changed in both fibrillated and intact cartilage without evidence of generalised chondrocyte hypertrophy?
### Response:
| The expression of key chondrocyte genes, including aggrecan and SOX9, was decreased in OA cartilage and the changes were similar in both fibrillated high-loaded and intact low-loaded cartilage on the same joint. However, there was no significant upregulation of type X collagen, and other genes associated with chondrocyte further differentiation and hypertrophy. |
### Instruction:
Does protein expression profiling in esophageal adenocarcinoma patients indicate association of heat-shock protein 27 expression and chemotherapy response?
### Response:
| Albeit preliminary, our encouraging data suggest that protein expression profiling may distinguish cancers with a different response to chemotherapy. Our results suggest that response to chemotherapy may be related to a different activation of stress response and inflammatory biology in general. Moreover, the potential of HSPs and GRPs as biomarkers of chemotherapy response warrants further validation. |
### Instruction:
Is fgf2 expressed in human and murine embryonic choroid plexus and affects choroid plexus epithelial cell behaviour?
### Response:
| Fgf2 expression early in the development of both human and rodent choroid plexus, and its ability to modulate behaviour and gene expression in CPe, supports the view that Fgf signalling plays a role in the maintenance of integrity and function of this specialized epithelium, and that this role is conserved between rodents and humans. |
### Instruction:
Does nogo-A inhibitory peptide ( NEP1-40 ) increase pan-cadherin expression following mild cortical contusion injury in rats?
### Response:
| We observed improved preservation of injured neurons after topical application of NEP 1-40 following mild cortical injury. Pan-cadherin expression may correlate with the recovery of neurons and axonal bodies. Electron microscopical findings confirmed better preservation of neuronal structures after NEP1-40 treatment. Pan-cadherin is a good marker for neuronal recovery after cortical injury. |
### Instruction:
Is maxillary mucosal cyst a manifestation of rhinosinusitis : results of a prospective three-dimensional CT study of ophthalmic patients?
### Response:
| Maxillary mucosal cysts are prevalent in nonrhinitic patients and do not reflect sinus or dental disease. Their presence should not be an indication for sinus surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does the genome sequence of the fish pathogen Aliivibrio salmonicida strain LFI1238 show extensive evidence of gene decay?
### Response:
| Most prominent is the loss of several genes involved in the utilisation of the polysaccharide chitin. In particular, the disruption of three extracellular chitinases responsible for enzymatic breakdown of chitin makes A. salmonicida unable to grow on the polymer form of chitin. These, and other losses could restrict the variety of carrier organisms A. salmonicida can attach to, and associate with. Gene acquisition and gene loss may be related to the emergence of A. salmonicida as a fish pathogen. |
### Instruction:
Do local and regional factors influence the structure of treehole metacommunities?
### Response:
| The strong effects of water volume, leaf litter mass, and presence of a top predator, along with the high temporal turnover strongly suggest that species presence and density are determined by local factors and changes in those factors over time. Both low water volume and high predator densities can eliminate populations in local patches, and those populations can recolonize patches when rain refills or predators exit treeholes. Population densities of the same species were not matched between pairs of treeholes, suggesting variation in local factors and limited dispersal. Distance effects on spatial turnover also support limitations to dispersal in the metacommunity, and we conclude that the weight of evidence favors a strong influence of local factors relative to regional factors. |
### Instruction:
Are class I histone deacetylases 1 , 2 and 3 highly expressed in renal cell cancer?
### Response:
| Class I HDAC isoforms 1 and 2 are highly expressed in renal cell cancer, while HDAC 3 shows low, histology dependent expression rates. These unexpected differences in the expression patterns suggests alternative regulatory mechanisms of class I HDACs in renal cell cancer and should be taken into account when trials with isoform selective HDI are being planned. Whether HDAC expression in renal cancers is predictive of responsiveness for HDI will have to be tested in further studies. |
### Instruction:
Does a genome-wide screen for modifiers of transgene variegation identify genes with critical roles in development?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate the importance of dosage-dependent epigenetic reprogramming in the development of the embryo and the power of the screen to provide mouse models to study this process. |
### Instruction:
Are transgenic increases in seed oil content associated with the differential expression of novel Brassica-specific transcripts?
### Response:
| Our results indicate that the increased TAG accumulation observed in transgenic DGAT1 plants is associated with modest transcriptional and hormonal changes during seed development that are not limited to the TAG biosynthesis pathway. These might be associated with feedback or feed-forward effects due to altered levels of DGAT1 activity. The fact that a large fraction of significant amplicons have no matching genes in Arabidopsis compromised our ability to draw concrete inferences from the data at this stage, but has led to the identification of novel genes of potential interest. |
### Instruction:
Do cannabinoid type 1 receptors in human skeletal muscle cells participate in the negative crosstalk between fat and muscle?
### Response:
| Our results show that the CB1R system may play a role in the development of insulin resistance in human SkM. The results obtained with CM support the notion that adipocytes may secrete factors which are able to activate the CB1R. Furthermore, we identified two stress kinases in the signalling pathway of AEA and enhanced IRS-1(Ser307) phosphorylation, potentially underlying the development of insulin resistance. |
### Instruction:
Does dimethyl sulfoxide provide neuroprotection in a traumatic brain injury model?
### Response:
| Since protection in the DMSO vehicle group was equal to that of the experimental groups, no conclusions about neuroprotection regarding alpha-tocopherol or curcumin can be made from this study. The results suggest that DMSO may be acting as an overriding neuroprotectant in this experiment. We conclude that DMSO is a viable neuroprotective agent against secondary cell death in TBI. |
### Instruction:
Does a genetic fusion GDNF-C fragment of tetanus toxin prolong survival in a symptomatic mouse ALS model?
### Response:
| These results suggest that recombinant GDNF-TTC fusion protein intramuscular injections provide a potential therapy for ALS treatment. |
### Instruction:
Is pre-operative opening detrusor pressure predictive of detrusor overactivity following TVT in patients with pre-operative mixed urinary incontinence?
### Response:
| Higher numbers of patients are required to demonstrate the value of opening detrusor pressure in predicting post-operative overactive bladder symptoms. Opening detrusor pressure is predictive of post-operative DO after TVT. |
### Instruction:
Does goal achievement provide new insights into interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome symptoms and outcomes?
### Response:
| Patients have individualized treatment goals. GAS holds promise for addressing individuality in a standardized format. A new instrument developed from this work is being piloted in a multicenter RCT. We also suggest that questionnaires investigating urgency in IC/PBS clarify the definition in a way more applicable to the specific condition. |
### Instruction:
Does exogenous androstenedione induce formation of follicular cysts and premature luteinization of granulosa cells in the ovary?
### Response:
| Excess androgen enhances apoptosis in the inner part of granulosa cell layers of antral follicles, resulting in the formation of follicular cysts. It is also demonstrated that androgen stimulates premature luteinization of granulosa cells. |
### Instruction:
Do corneal deposits after topical tosufloxacin in a patient with poor tear secretion?
### Response:
| Topical application of tosufloxacin may lead to fluoroquinolone drug deposition on the cornea, especially when an antibiotic drug has been used continuously in patients with poor tear secretion. |
### Instruction:
Does deoxycholate promote survival of breast cancer cells by reducing the level of pro-apoptotic ceramide?
### Response:
| Our findings show, for the first time, that DC is a natural tumor promoter by elevating Flk-1 and decreasing ceramide-mediated apoptosis of breast cancer progenitor cells. Reducing the level or effect of serum DC and elevating ceramide in breast cancer progenitor cells by treatment with Z-guggulsterone and/or vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2/Flk-1 antagonists may thus be a promising strategy to reduce breast cancer metastasis. |
### Instruction:
Does absolute and relative value of patient simulator feature as perceived by medical undergraduates?
### Response:
| There are significant differences in the perceived usefulness of patient simulator features. This has implications both for simulator design and for simulator-based education. |
### Instruction:
Do moulage in high-fidelity simulation-a chest wall burn escharotomy model for visual realism and as an educational tool?
### Response:
| In the case of the chest wall burn model, moulage was used as more than a visual realism enhancing strategy-it served as an educational tool in its own right, permitting demonstration of a procedure performed infrequently outside the walls of major burns centers. |
### Instruction:
Does activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in spinal microglia contribute to incision-induced mechanical allodynia?
### Response:
| Plantar incision-induced mechanical allodynia can be prevented by the p38 inhibitor. Our results suggest that p38 activation in spinal microglia play a role in incision-induced mechanical allodynia in rats. Therefore, p38 inhibition may be useful in treating postsurgical pain. |
### Instruction:
Do efficacy of spinal implant removal after thoracolumbar junction fusion?
### Response:
| For the patients with persistent or recurrent back pain after spinal instrumentation, removal of the spinal implant may be safe and an efficient procedure for carefully selected patients who have palpation pain and are unresponsive to conservative treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does lipopolysaccharide induce inhibition of galactose intestinal transport in rabbits in vitro?
### Response:
| LPS inhibits the mucosal Na(+)-dependent D-galactose intestinal absorption and the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity when it is added to the tissue. Intracellular processes related to protein kinases seem to be implicated in the endotoxin effect. |
### Instruction:
Is the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 C1858T polymorphism a joint susceptibility locus for immunthyroiditis and autoimmune diabetes?
### Response:
| The PTPN22 gene is a joint susceptibility locus for AITD (especially HT) and T1D. |
### Instruction:
Is serum half-life of pituitary gonadotropins decreased by sulfonation and increased by sialylation in women?
### Response:
| The decline in LH and FSH during GnRH receptor blockade is associated with a decrease in sulfonated and increase in sialylated residues. The rapid disappearance of LH isoforms with two and three SO(3)-GalNAc residues suggests their removal by hepatic SO(3)-GalNAc-receptors similar to those in rodents. Episodical secretion of spectra of isoforms with different half-lives is expected to lead to continuous changes in gonadotropin isoform compositions in blood. |
### Instruction:
Do inhibitory effects of progesterone differ in dendritic cells from female and male rodents?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that progesterone effects on DCs in rodents may be more pronounced in females than in males, and this is likely due to differences in PR protein expression. Our observations may help elucidate disparities in the incidence and severity of autoimmune disorders between females and males, and the role specific steroid hormones play in regulating immune responses. |
### Instruction:
Do estrogen and progesterone affect responses to malaria infection in female C57BL/6 mice?
### Response:
| This animal study suggests that physiological levels of estrogen, rather than progesterone, enhance immunity and, possibly, protect females from disease symptoms during malaria infection. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Early prediction of psychosocial intervention need in pneumology patients after nurses ' evaluation ]?
### Response:
| In support of the clinical utility of the INTERMED method (Spanish version), this is the first report in the international literature documenting that standardized nurses are able to detect at admission those medical patients who will eventually need specialized psychosocial intervention. |
### Instruction:
Does combined BCR-ABL inhibition with lentiviral-delivered shRNA and dasatinib augment induction of apoptosis in Philadelphia-positive cells?
### Response:
| These results confirm that by lowering BCR-ABL levels with shRNA, complete inhibition of oncoprotein activity can be achieved with a lower concentration of dasatinib, thus providing a rationale for combining these approaches in the setting of high target expression, such as found in advanced phase disease and in the stem cell compartment. |
### Instruction:
Does upregulation of CRABP1 in human neuroblastoma cells overproducing the Alzheimer-typical Abeta42 reduce their differentiation potential?
### Response:
| We conclude that increasing the Abeta42/Abeta40 ratio up-regulates CRABP1, which in turn reduces the differentiation potential of the human neuroblastoma cell line SH-SY5Y, but increases cell proliferation. This work might contribute to the better understanding of AD neurogenesis, currently a controversial topic. |
### Instruction:
Does intracoronary shunt prevent ischemia in off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery?
### Response:
| Intracoronary shunt prevents ischemia during grafting of the left anterior descending coronary artery and provides satisfactory immediate- and short-term graft patency. |
### Instruction:
Is an IFT-A protein required to delimit functionally distinct zones in mechanosensory cilia?
### Response:
| IFT-A proteins are located at and required by the ciliary dilation, which separates chordotonal cilia into functionally distinct zones. A requirement for IFT140 in stable TRPV channel expression also suggests that IFT-A proteins may mediate preciliary transport of some membrane proteins. |
### Instruction:
Are human SA gene polymorphisms associated with non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in postmenopausal women : a pilot study?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the polymorphisms of the SAH gene are associated with non-HDL-C levels in postmenopausal women. Further studies with larger sample sizes or different populations are warranted to confirm our preliminary findings. |
### Instruction:
Are infections increased in scleroderma compared to non-inflammatory musculoskeletal disorders prior to disease onset?
### Response:
| This study does not support that self-report of symptomatic infections are more likely to occur ever (prior to diagnosis) or within 1-year prior to symptom onset of SSc, or that vaccinations in adulthood trigger SSc. |
### Instruction:
Does remote ischemic preconditioning stimulus reduce microvascular resistance or improve myocardial blood flow in patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention?
### Response:
| RIPC stimuli during elective PCI do not affect coronary microvascular resistance or coronary flow in humans. |
### Instruction:
Do gABAA receptors in nucleus accumbens shell mediate the hyperphagia and weight gain following haloperidol treatment in rats?
### Response:
| The results of present study suggest that increased food intake and body weight following haloperidol treatment in rats, may be mediated via AcbSh GABA(A) receptors. |
### Instruction:
Does an expression meta-analysis of predicted microRNA targets identify a diagnostic signature for lung cancer?
### Response:
| This study focuses on predicted targets of three lung-enriched miRNAs, compares their expression patterns in lung cancer by their GO terms, and identifies a minimal set of genes differentially expressed in AD and SCC, followed by validating this gene signature in multiple published datasets. Expression of this gene signature in bronchial epithelial cells of cigarette smokers also has a great sensitivity to predict the patients having lung cancer if combined with cytopathology of the cells. |
### Instruction:
Is insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes no longer a secondary care activity in the Netherlands?
### Response:
| This nation-wide overview shows that insulin therapy is no longer a secondary care based activity. However, there is still need to enlarge the practice staff and to overcome the perceived skills deficit. |
### Instruction:
Does duration of untreated psychosis and it 's effect on the symptomatic recovery in schizophrenia - preliminary results?
### Response:
| Better outcome can be achieved with early antipsychotic treatment. Patients with long DUP differ from patients who were treated already in the prodromal phase in several outcome measures. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic isolation of adult rats decrease gene expression of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in adrenal medulla?
### Response:
| We can conclude that psychosocial stress expressed a differential influence on gene expression and protein levels of catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes in the adrenal medulla of adult rats. The results indicate a possible adaptation of catecholamine-synthesizing system at the level of TH gene expression in adrenal medulla of chronically isolated animals. |
### Instruction:
Does fecal calprotectin complement routine laboratory investigations in diagnosing childhood inflammatory bowel disease?
### Response:
| Calprotectin is significantly more likely to be raised than any commonly employed blood tests at IBD diagnosis. When used in combination with these bloods tests an abnormality was demonstrated in 1 or both tests in all patients at diagnosis in this study. Fecal calprotectin measurement is a significant advance when used contemporaneously and in addition to a routine panel of blood tests in the diagnosis of pediatric IBD. |
### Instruction:
Does zinc replenishment reverse overexpression of the proinflammatory mediator S100A8 and esophageal preneoplasia in the rat?
### Response:
| In vivo zinc regulates S100A8 expression and modulates the link between S100A8-RAGE interaction and downstream nuclear factor kappaBeta/COX-2 signaling. The finding that zinc regulates an inflammatory pathway in esophageal carcinogenesis may lead to prevention and therapy for this cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does trazodone improve the results of cognitive behaviour therapy of primary insomnia in non-depressed patients?
### Response:
| CBT, singly and combined with the sedative antidepressant trazodone, is effective for the short-term management of chronic primary insomnia. Trazodone combined with CBT significantly increases slow wave sleep duration and this influence seems to be unrelated to its antidepressant effect. |
### Instruction:
Does human beta-defensin-3 promote wound healing in infected diabetic wounds?
### Response:
| In the present study, we show that hBD-3 expression significantly promotes wound closure in S. aureus infected diabetic wounds in a preclinical large-animal model. Furthermore, a ten-fold reduction of bacterial growth on day 4 was detected. These findings indicate that beta-defensin-3 may play a major role in diabetic wound healing and wound infections. |
### Instruction:
Does minocycline prevent Abeta ( 25-35 ) -induced reduction of somatostatin and neprilysin content in rat temporal cortex?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that minocycline prevents the deleterious effects of Abeta(25-35) on SRIF and neprilysin expression in the rat temporal cortex and that it has protective effects per se on these parameters. |
### Instruction:
Is postischemic brain injury attenuated in mice lacking the beta2-adrenergic receptor?
### Response:
| Brain injury is reduced and neurological outcome improved after MCAO in mice lacking the beta(2)AR, or in wild type mice pretreated with a selective beta(2)AR antagonist. This is consistent with a shift away from prosurvival signaling to prodeath signaling in the presence of beta(2)AR activation in cerebral ischemia. Protection is associated with higher levels of Hsp72, a known antideath protein. The effect of beta(2)AR signaling in the setting of cerebral ischemia is complex and warrants further study. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Overexpression of programmed cell death 5 factor enhance triptolides-induced fibroblast-like synoviocytes apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis ]?
### Response:
| Overexpression of PDCD5 could enhance apoptosis of RA FLS induced by triptolide, PDCD5 may be a potential therapeutic target to RA. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Mucosal administration of altered CII263-272 peptide inhibit collagen-induced arthritis ]?
### Response:
| Mucosal administration of altered CII263-272 peptide could effectively inhibit the progression of CIA. It can decrease the IgG2a subtype of anti-CII antibodies and IFN-gamma, and inhibit Th1 response in vivo. Altered C II263-272 peptide may be therapeutic for RA. |
### Instruction:
Does quantification of SLIT-ROBO transcripts in hepatocellular carcinoma reveal two groups of genes with coordinate expression?
### Response:
| The present study is the first in comprehensive and quantitative evaluation of SLIT-ROBO family gene expression in HCC, and suggests that the expression of SLIT-ROBO genes is regulated in hepatocarcinogenesis. Our results implicate that SLIT-ROBO transcription profile is bi-modular in nature, and that each module shows intrinsic variability. We also provide quantitative evidence for potential use of ROBO1, ROBO4 and SLIT2 for prediction of tumor stage and differentiation status. |
### Instruction:
Does cilengitide induce cellular detachment and apoptosis in endothelial and glioma cells mediated by inhibition of FAK/src/AKT pathway?
### Response:
| Cilengitide inhibits integrin-dependent signaling, causes disassembly of cytoskeleton, cellular detachment and induction of apoptosis in endothelial and glioma cells thereby explaining the profound activity of integrin inhibitors in gliomas. The combination of cilengitide with temozolomide exerted additive effects in glioma cells as observed clinically. |
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