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### Instruction:
Does a regional system of stroke care provide thrombolytic outcomes comparable with the NINDS stroke trial?
### Response:
| During a 9-year period, an emergency medicine network with stroke consultants achieved patient outcomes comparable to those reported from the NINDS trial. These results indicate that the NINDS tPA protocol is applicable to community practice, with the support of a university-based brain attack center. |
### Instruction:
Are the FUSE binding proteins FBP1 and FBP3 potential c-myc regulators in renal , but not in prostate and bladder cancer?
### Response:
| The correlation between FBP1/FBP3, c-myc and high proliferation rate in renal cell carcinoma provides strong in vivo support for the suggested role of FBP1 and FBP3 as activators of c-myc. The frequent up-regulation of FBP1 and FBP3 in urothelial and prostate carcinoma suggests that FBPs also have an important function in gene regulation of these tumors. |
### Instruction:
Do acute explosive-force movements enhance bench-press performance in athletic men?
### Response:
| These data suggest that an acute bout of low-volume, explosive-force upper body movements performed 30 seconds before a 1RM attempt might enhance bench-press performance in athletic men. |
### Instruction:
Is plum juice , but not dried plum powder , effective in mitigating cognitive deficits in aged rats?
### Response:
| These results are discussed in relation to the amount and type of phenolics present in the plum products and in relation to other dietary intervention studies in which cognitive benefits have been reported. |
### Instruction:
Are concomitant injuries an important determinant of outcome of high-grade blunt hepatic trauma?
### Response:
| Concomitant injuries are a major determinant of outcome in patients with blunt hepatic injury and should be given high priority by trauma surgeons. An algorithm for the management of blunt liver injury is proposed. |
### Instruction:
Does gender risk of nonfatal stroke in type 2 diabetic patients differ depending on the type of treatment?
### Response:
| The gender risks of nonfatal stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes appear to differ considerably depending on treatment types. |
### Instruction:
Does development of computerized alert with management strategies for 25 serious drug-drug interactions?
### Response:
| To ensure that clinicians, when confronted with any of 25 serious DDIs in the ambulatory care setting, can avoid these DDIs while treating patients with appropriate medications, management strategies were developed using a consensus approach. Several methods were used to ensure that the recommended alternatives were truly safe. Four well-established drug-interaction compendia were screened, and any potential alternative agent that was listed as having an interaction (moderate or serious in nature) was excluded from the list of alternative agents. Case reports, case series, and clinical studies that focused on the alternative combinations were reviewed to determine if the alternative posed interaction risks. If an interaction for the alternative combination had not been identified in the compendia or in the literature search, other potential mechanisms for drug interactions were explored such as alterations in absorption, distribution, metabolism, or excretion. Pharmacology and therapeutics textbooks and other drug information sources also served as resources. In general, the strategies included alternatives to both medications, changing dosage or increasing monitoring of one of the agents, situations where one of the medications had no alternative but alternatives were available for the other medication, and alternative methods of birth control. In some situations the two drugs were contraindicated, while in others the two drugs should be avoided if at all possible and alternatives used. |
### Instruction:
Is the presence of small intestinal intraepithelial gamma/delta T-lymphocytes inversely correlated with lymphoma development in refractory celiac disease?
### Response:
| The observed negative relation between TCRgammadelta+ and aberrant IELs, along with their known regulatory capacity in uncomplicated CD, implies that TCRgammadelta+ IELs may play a crucial role in mucosal repair, regaining homeostasis and possibly even tumor surveillance. These cells may be important markers, in addition to the aberrant T cells, to differentiate between disease categories and to evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic strategies. |
### Instruction:
Do nicotinic receptors partly mediate brainstem autonomic dysfunction evoked by the inhaled anesthetic isoflurane?
### Response:
| These results suggest clinically relevant concentrations of isoflurane inhibit brainstem respiratory rhythmogenesis, prolong inhibitory GABAergic postsynaptic currents and reduce GABA activity in CVNs. The decrease of GABAergic IPSCs frequency is dependent upon inhibition of presynaptic alpha(4)beta(2) nicotinic receptors. |
### Instruction:
Does tolerance to isoflurane occur in developing Xenopus laevis tadpoles?
### Response:
| We provide the first description of week-long exposures of vertebrates to surgical anesthetic concentrations of isoflurane, and the first report of such exposures in developing vertebrates. Tolerance to isoflurane does not occur in developing Xenopus laevis tadpoles. Taken together with studies in other organisms, the development of tolerance to ethanol but not isoflurane suggests that mechanisms shared by these drugs probably do not account for the development of tolerance. |
### Instruction:
Does morphine increase acetylcholine release in the trigeminal nuclear complex?
### Response:
| These data comprise the first direct measures of ACh release in PSTN and MoV and suggest synaptic disinhibition as one possible mechanism by which morphine increases ACh release in the trigeminal nuclei. |
### Instruction:
Is myocardial revascularization by left ventricular assisted beating heart associated with reduced systemic inflammatory response?
### Response:
| High-risk patients undergoing beating-heart myocardial revascularization with LVA show reduced inflammatory response compared with patients treated with the MECC. |
### Instruction:
Does cerebral oxygen desaturation predict cognitive decline and longer hospital stay after cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| Intraoperative cerebral oxygen desaturation is significantly associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline and prolonged hospital stay after CABG. |
### Instruction:
Is hyperhomocysteinemia sufficient to cause preeclampsia in an animal model : the importance of folate intake?
### Response:
| Our study clearly demonstrates that hyperhomocysteinemia is not sufficient to cause PE in this animal model. Furthermore, it confirms the importance of folate intake on pregnancy outcomes. |
### Instruction:
Does comparison of two VA laboratory data repositories indicate that missing data vary despite originating from the same source?
### Response:
| Six of the laboratory tests demonstrated remarkably similar amounts of overlap, though Immunology Case Registry and Decision Support System both have missing data. Findings indicate that validation of laboratory data should be conducted before its use in quality and efficiency projects. When 2 databases are not available for comparison, other methods of validation should be implemented. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Recombinant human growth hormone promote in vitro mesenchymal stem cell growth ]?
### Response:
| rhGH could promote the growth of MSCs in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Do dNA copy-number alterations underlie gene expression differences between microsatellite stable and unstable colorectal cancers?
### Response:
| Our results show cross-study consistency of MSI-associated gene expression changes in colorectal cancers. DNA copy-number alterations partly cause the differences in gene expression between MSI and MSS cancers. |
### Instruction:
Does human prostate support more efficient replication of HIV-1 R5 than X4 strains ex vivo?
### Response:
| The BPH prostate is a site of HIV-1 R5 replication that could contribute virus to semen. A limited spreading of HIV-1 X4 and R5X4 in this organ could participate to the preferential sexual transmission of HIV-1 R5 strains. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of HMG CoA reductase reveal an unexpected role for cholesterol during PGC migration in the mouse?
### Response:
| In the mouse, cholesterol is required for PGC survival and motility. It may act cell-autonomously by regulating clustering of growth factor receptors within PGCs or non cell-autonomously by controlling release of growth factors required for PGC guidance and survival. |
### Instruction:
Does gray matter atrophy correlate with MS disability progression measured with MSFC but not EDSS?
### Response:
| Whole brain, GM, and WM atrophy predicted MS disability progression observed over the next 6.6 years. Gray matter atrophy rates over 4 years correlated with disability progression measured with the MSFC, but not EDSS. This indicates that MSFC defined disability progression is more closely linked to brain atrophy than EDSS defined disability progression, and provides important new insight into the poor correlation between MRI and clinical disability in MS. The findings confirm the clinical relevance of gray matter atrophy in MS. |
### Instruction:
Does obesity decrease the accuracy of testicular examination in anesthetized boys with cryptorchidism?
### Response:
| In our series childhood obesity did not make preoperative testicular examinations under anesthesia less accurate. However, office examinations may be more accurate in nonobese boys. |
### Instruction:
Does cXCR3-B expression correlate with tumor necrosis extension in renal cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Results demonstrate that CXCR3-B is an independent determinant factor for the extensive tumor necrosis pattern. These data emphasize the immunoangiostatic activity of the CXCR3/CXCR3 ligand biological axis for nonmetastatic human renal cell carcinoma. |
### Instruction:
Does cellular interaction regulate interleukin-8 secretion by granulosa-lutein cells and monocytes/macrophages?
### Response:
| Human GL cells constitutively synthesize IL-8. An increased IL-8 secretion by co-cultured GL cells and THP-1 cells suggest that GL cells and monocytes mutually induce chemokine secretion. An initial interaction between GL cells and ovarian leukocytes may therefore contribute to an increased chemokine release and leukocyte recruitment to the forming corpus luteum. |
### Instruction:
Do human uterine NK cells interact with uterine macrophages via NKG2D upon stimulation with PAMPs?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that the NKG2D-MICA interaction is an important molecular mechanism that is involved in the innate immune response to microbial signals in the human uterine endometrium. |
### Instruction:
Does the polycystic ovary syndrome predict further miscarriage in Japanese couples experiencing recurrent miscarriages?
### Response:
| A routine test for diagnosis of PCOS is not necessary in patients experiencing recurrent miscarriages because none of the related parameters examined in this study predicted subsequent miscarriage. |
### Instruction:
Does preoperative performance status predict outcome following heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy?
### Response:
| Cytoreduction and HIPEC can be done at moderate-volume centers with morbidity and mortality rates comparable with published results from large-volume centers. Preoperative performance status and the extent of disease predict postoperative complications. |
### Instruction:
Is predisposition to vitamin D deficiency osteomalacia and rickets in females linked to their 25 ( OH ) D and calcium intake rather than vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism?
### Response:
| Among the immediate family members of patients with OSM/rickets, female sibs have features of biochemical OSM in up to 24.4%. Female sibs, unlike male sibs, share with patients features of markedly low serum 25(OH)D levels, poor dietary calcium intake and poor exposure to sunshine. Genetic factors such as VDR and PTH gene SNPs were not associated with OSM/rickets. |
### Instruction:
Is vitamin A metabolism impaired in human ovarian cancer?
### Response:
| The impaired conversion of retinol to RA in ovarian cancer cells and decreased CRBP1 protein expression in prophylactic oophorectomies support our hypothesis that concomitant losses of vitamin A metabolism and CRBP1 expression contribute to ovarian oncogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does acetyl-Ile-Gly-Leu protect neurons from Abeta ( 1-42 ) induced toxicity in vitro and in V337M human tau-expressing mice?
### Response:
| These results suggest that a modified tripeptide, acetyl-IGL, may be effective in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
### Instruction:
Do tubular epithelial cells have the capacity to transdifferentiate into CD68-positive macrophage-like cells by oxidative stress?
### Response:
| We confirmed that tubular epithelial cells have the capacity to transdifferentiate to CD68-positive macrophage-like cells, which may be linked to oxidative stress. |
### Instruction:
Do eptifibatide and abciximab inhibit insulin-induced focal adhesion formation and proliferative responses in human aortic smooth muscle cells?
### Response:
| Insulin elicited a dose-dependent proliferative response in HASMC. Pretreatment with m7E3 (an anti-beta3 integrin monoclonal antibody from which abciximab is derived), c7E3 or LM609 inhibited proliferative responses to insulin by 81%, 59% and 28%, respectively. Eptifibatide or cyclic RGD peptides completely abolished insulin-induced proliferation whereas tirofiban, which binds alphaIIbbeta3 but not alphavbeta3, had no effect. Insulin-induced increases in c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase-1 (JNK1) activity were partially inhibited by m7E3 and eptifibatide whereas antagonism of alphavbeta3 integrins had no effect on insulin-induced increases in extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activity. Insulin stimulated a rapid increase in the number of vinculin-containing focal adhesions per cell and treatment with m7E3, c7E3 or eptifibatide inhibited insulin-induced increases in focal adhesions by 100%, 74% and 73%, respectively. |
### Instruction:
Is lIM only 4 overexpressed in late stage pancreas cancer?
### Response:
| Pancreatic carcinomas (both IDC and IPMC) expressed significantly higher levels of LMO4 mRNA than did normal ductal epithelia, PanIN-1B, PanIN-2, IPMA and IPMB. These results suggested that LMO4 is overexpressed at late stages in carcinogenesis of pancreatic cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does herb-partition moxibustion relieve chronic visceral hyperalgesia and 5-HT concentration in colon mucosa of rats?
### Response:
| Herb-partition moxibustion enhances the pain threshold of chronic visceral hypersensitivity rats and restores normal sensitivity by 5-hydroxytryptamine concentration decreased in the colon tissue. However, whether herb-partition moxibustion could enhance the pain threshold of IBS patients or not is not concluded in this study because of only small sample rats experiment. |
### Instruction:
Is precise histological evaluation of liver biopsy specimen indispensable for diagnosis and treatment of acute-onset autoimmune hepatitis?
### Response:
| Histological examination of the liver is necessary for early diagnosis of acute-onset AIH. Moreover, we should evaluate liver biopsy specimens precisely and should be ready for a timely initiation of corticosteroid therapy to improve the prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Treatment of burn cicatricial foot drop with Ilizarov fixator ]?
### Response:
| Ilizarov fixator is safe and mini-injury, which is an effective method for treatment of cicatricial foot drop. |
### Instruction:
Is the chromosome 7q region association with rheumatoid arthritis in females in a British population replicated in a North American case-control series?
### Response:
| While 2 SNPs on chromosome 7q appeared to be associated with RA in a North American cohort, the significance of this finding did not withstand correction for population substructure. Our results emphasize the need to carefully account for population structure to avoid false-positive disease associations. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Endothelin-1 overexpression inhibit rat pulmonary arterial microvascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis via Akt/PKB pathway ]?
### Response:
| Overexpression of the ET-1 inhibited RPMC apoptosis and activated Akt/PKB-Caspase-3 signaling pathway, which might be responsible for ET-1 induced the pulmonary microvascular arteries remodeling. |
### Instruction:
Does economic influence on GPs ' decisions to provide out-of-hours care?
### Response:
| The opportunity to opt out of OOH care has provided flexibility for GPs to raise additional income, although primary care organisations vary in the extent to which they offer these opportunities. Examining intrinsic motivation is an area for future study. |
### Instruction:
Does homeobox gene CDX2 inhibit human pancreatic cancer cell proliferation by down-regulating cyclin D1 transcriptional activity?
### Response:
| CDX2 might play a role in inhibiting cell proliferation and repressing cyclin D1 transcriptional activity through the proximal nuclear factor kappaB binding site in pancreatic cancer cells. |
### Instruction:
Do sociodemographic factors predict early discontinuation of HIV non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and protease inhibitors?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that sociodemographic factors were associated with early NNRTI and PI discontinuation in this population, and some factors were ART class specific. |
### Instruction:
Does positive allosteric modulation of mGluR5 receptors facilitate extinction of a cocaine contextual memory?
### Response:
| Positive allosteric modulation of mGluR5 function facilitates the extinction of a cocaine-associated contextual memory, which may represent a novel approach toward enhancing extinction learning in the context of drug addiction. |
### Instruction:
Is leukocyte cathepsin S a potent regulator of both cell and matrix turnover in advanced atherosclerosis?
### Response:
| Leukocyte CatS deficiency results in considerably altered plaque morphology, with smaller necrotic cores, reduced apoptosis, and decreased SMC content and collagen deposition and may thus be critical in plaque stability. |
### Instruction:
Is 25-Hydroxyvitamin D deficiency independently associated with cardiovascular disease in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey?
### Response:
| These results indicate a strong and independent relationship of 25(OH)D deficiency with prevalent CVD in a large sample representative of the US adult population. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelial caveolin-1 regulate pathologic angiogenesis in a mouse model of colitis?
### Response:
| Endothelial Cav-1 mediates angiogenesis in experimental colitis. Modulation of Cav-1 could provide a novel therapeutic target for IBD. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Proteasome inhibitors sensitize ovarian cancer cells to paclitaxel induced apoptosis ]?
### Response:
| The lethal effect of paclitaxel on tumor cells could be increased significantly by its combination with proteasome inhibitors, bortezomib. The AKT/GSK-3beta signaling pathway plays an important role in the molecular mechanism of the combination treatment. |
### Instruction:
Is [ Serum triglyceride an independent risk factor for acute coronary heart disease events in 35 - 64 years old Chinese-Chinese Multi-provincial Cohort Study . ]?
### Response:
| Serum TG is an independent risk factor for acute CHD events in Chinese population aged 35 - 64. |
### Instruction:
Is visceral fat mass a strong predictor of circulating ghrelin levels in premenopausal women?
### Response:
| Visceral fat mass is a strong predictor of basal ghrelin concentrations and also attenuates the suppressive effect of insulin on ghrelin concentrations. These data provide further evidence that the UBO phenotype is associated with more profound metabolic abnormalities than obesity per se. |
### Instruction:
Does protein supplementation before and after exercise further augment skeletal muscle hypertrophy after resistance training in elderly men?
### Response:
| Timed protein supplementation immediately before and after exercise does not further augment the increase in skeletal muscle mass and strength after prolonged resistance-type exercise training in healthy elderly men who habitually consume adequate amounts of dietary protein. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00744094. |
### Instruction:
Does quantitative protein expression profiling reveal extensive post-transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications in schizont-stage malaria parasites?
### Response:
| Together, our data indicate that both post-transcriptional and post-translational events are widespread and of presumably great biological significance during the intra-erythrocytic development of P. falciparum. |
### Instruction:
Is vitamin C in plasma inversely related to blood pressure and change in blood pressure during the previous year in young Black and White women?
### Response:
| Plasma ascorbic acid was found to be inversely associated with BP and change in BP during the prior year. The findings suggest the possibility that vitamin C may influence BP in healthy young adults. Since lower BP in young adulthood may lead to lower BP and decreased incidence of age-associated vascular events in older adults, further investigation of treatment effects of vitamin C on BP regulation in young adults is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Do laser flare photometry in the therapeutic management of bacterial chronic pseudophakic endophthalmitis?
### Response:
| Laser flare photometry, a noninvasive objective tool, was useful in monitoring the evolution of chronic pseudophakic endophthalmitis. Early detection of an increase in flare could lead to a close follow-up. The prompt modification of therapeutic intervention could help preserve a favorable visual outcome. |
### Instruction:
Is dose escalation of infliximab therapy in arthritis patients related to diagnosis and concomitant methotrexate treatment : observational results from the South Swedish Arthritis Treatment Group register?
### Response:
| Dose escalations were performed in 59% of all infliximab-treated patients during the first 2 yrs of treatment. Our data suggest that PsA patients might require higher dosages than RA and AS patients. |
### Instruction:
Is normal mitochondrial respiratory function essential for spatial remote memory in mice?
### Response:
| Our results indicated that normal mitochondrial respiratory function is necessary for retention and consolidation of memory trace; deficiencies in this function due to high loads of pathogenically mutated mtDNA are responsible for the preferential impairment of spatial remote memory. |
### Instruction:
Does socioeconomic deprivation influence the severity of Crohn 's disease : Results of a prospective multicenter study?
### Response:
| In this study deprivation does not seem to influence the severity of CD. This can be explained by easy access to healthcare in France. |
### Instruction:
Does apolipoprotein E4 allele influence the response of plasma triglyceride levels to tamoxifen in breast cancer patients?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that the effects of tamoxifen on plasma triglyceride levels are modified by APOE polymorphism. Breast cancer patients with APOE4 allele have low plasma triglyceride levels when receiving tamoxifen therapy. Therefore, we suggest that APOE gene polymorphism is a critical validation before tamoxifen treatment in breast cancer patients. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Tongxinluo improve vascular endothelial function in patients with type 2 diabetes ]?
### Response:
| Tongxinluo improved the vascular endothelial dependent diastolic function in patients with type 2 diabetes by regulating the balance of plasma NO/ET. |
### Instruction:
Does erythropoietin-induced phosphorylation/degradation of BIM contribute to survival of erythroid cells?
### Response:
| EPO protects erythroid cells from apoptosis in part through ERK-mediated phosphorylation followed by proteasomal degradation of BIM. |
### Instruction:
Does mycobacterium tuberculosis interactome analysis unravel potential pathways to drug resistance?
### Response:
| The study leads to the identification of possible pathways for drug resistance, providing novel insights into the problem of resistance. Knowledge of important proteins in such pathways enables identification of appropriate 'co-targets', best examples being RecA, Rv0823c, Rv0892 and DnaE1, for drugs targeting the mycolic acid pathway. Insights obtained about the propensity of a drug to trigger resistance will be useful both for more careful identification of drug targets as well as to identify target-co-target pairs, both implementable in early stages of drug discovery itself. This approach is also inherently generic, likely to significantly impact drug discovery. |
### Instruction:
Does donor blood glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency reduce the efficacy of exchange transfusion in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia?
### Response:
| Exchange transfusion with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient donor blood leads to a lesser drop in postexchange total serum bilirubin. It prolongs the duration of phototherapy and increases the need for repeat exchange transfusions. |
### Instruction:
Is activation of neutral sphingomyelinase involved in acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction?
### Response:
| nSMase-derived ceramide production and the activation of PKCzeta are early and necessary events in the signalling cascade of acute HPV. |
### Instruction:
Do certain progestins prevent the enhancing effect of 17beta-estradiol on NO-mediated inhibition of platelet aggregation by endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Certain progestins, including MPA, attenuate the 17beta-E-induced NO-mediated inhibition of platelet aggregation by endothelial cells through preventing both eNOS and GTPCH I expression most likely via activation of glucocorticoid receptors. |
### Instruction:
Is calnexin essential for mammalian rod opsin biogenesis?
### Response:
| Our data show that, unlike Drosophila Rh1, mammalian rod opsin biogenesis does not appear to have an absolute requirement for Cnx. Other chaperones are likely to be more important for mammalian rod opsin biogenesis and quality control. |
### Instruction:
Do phylogeography and historical demography of the Lusitanian snail Elona quimperiana reveal survival in unexpected separate glacial refugia?
### Response:
| Present results confirm the Iberian origin of the land snail E. quimperiana and strongly support the emerging phylogeographic hypothesis of multiple refugia in Iberia during the last glaciations. The scenario of a spatial expansion of E. quimperiana from an Iberian refuge located in Asturias to northern areas provides the most probable explanation for the present distribution of this land snail. By harboring distinct haplotypes, the Basque Country populations appear to be of great importance in terms of potential adaptation, long term persistence and hence, the conservation of E. quimperiana. |
### Instruction:
Does therapeutic hypothermia preserve antioxidant defenses after severe traumatic brain injury in infants and children?
### Response:
| To our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating that hypothermia attenuates oxidative stress after severe TBI in infants and children. Our data also support the concept that CSF represents a valuable tool for monitoring treatment effects on oxidative stress after TBI. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Diagnostic and treatment delays modify the treatment outcome of patients with multiform glioblastoma ]?
### Response:
| In our series neither waiting times nor adjuvant immediate chemotherapy were prognosticator of local control and overall survival outcome of patients with glioblastoma. |
### Instruction:
Does [ CT scan increase rotational accuracy in total knee arthroplasty ]?
### Response:
| Preoperative measurement of the posterior condylar angle was proven to be a simple, reproducible examination method which increases the rotational accuracy of total knee replacement. |
### Instruction:
Does ets-1 mediate platelet-derived growth factor-BB-induced thrombomodulin expression in human vascular smooth muscle cells?
### Response:
| In VSMCs, PDGF-BB stimulates TM expression that is mainly mediated by Ets-1 via the Src kinase/PI3-kinase/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway. Furthermore, PDGF-BB may regulate TM expression in VSMCs during vascular remodelling. |
### Instruction:
Is accurate axillary lymph node dissection feasible after neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
### Response:
| Our results show the feasibility and need to remove enough lymph nodes to provide precise prognostic information and adequate local control. |
### Instruction:
Is variation in catechol-O-methyltransferase associated with duloxetine response in a clinical trial for major depressive disorder?
### Response:
| Single nucleotide polymorphisms in COMT were associated with symptom change in duloxetine-treated patients with MDD. If replicated, the magnitude of the COMT genotype effect is of clinical relevance. |
### Instruction:
Is remnant lipoprotein cholesterol homogenous assay ( RemL-C ) closely associated with very-low-density lipoprotein remnants : comparison with the immunoseparation assay?
### Response:
| The remnant lipoprotein cholesterol homogenous assay is more closely associated with VLDL2 and IDL than the immunoseparation assay. |
### Instruction:
Is low sensitivity of physical examination findings in necrotizing soft tissue infection improved with laboratory values : a prospective study?
### Response:
| Fewer than half of the patients presented with hard clinical signs of NSTI. Admission WBC count >15,400/microL or serum Na <135 mEq/L significantly increased suspicion for NSTI and aided early diagnosis. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Detection of fusion genes in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia by using oligonucleotide microarrays approach ]?
### Response:
| The microarray-based assay could screen 5 types of chromosome structural aberrations and the splice variants at the same time. It can provide reliable and helpful information for patient stratification, evaluation of therapeutic effects and prediction of prognosis in childhood ALL, although there are both advantages and disadvantages in applying this new method. |
### Instruction:
Is increased production of 17beta-estradiol in endometriosis lesions the result of impaired metabolism?
### Response:
| Endometriotic lesions have higher production of 17beta-estradiol than the eutopic endometrium of patients and controls. This is mostly the result of impaired metabolism. |
### Instruction:
Does tezosentan normalize hepatomesenteric perfusion in a porcine model of cardiac tamponade?
### Response:
| In a porcine model of acute splanchnic hypoperfusion, unselective ET-1 blockade restored hepatomesenteric perfusion and reversed lactate metabolism. These observations might be relevant when considering liver protection in low CO states. |
### Instruction:
Do liver dysfunction and sepsis determine operative mortality after liver resection?
### Response:
| Sepsis plays a key role in the death of patients with liver dysfunction after hepatectomy. Early recognition and aggressive treatment of sepsis may reduce mortality. |
### Instruction:
Is microRNA miR-155 a biomarker of early pancreatic neoplasia?
### Response:
| Aberrant miRNA expression is an early event in the multistage progression of pancreatic cancer, and miR-155 warrants further evaluation as a biomarker for IPMNs in clinical samples. |
### Instruction:
Does a novel mutation in BBS7 gene cause Bardet-Biedl syndrome in a Chinese family?
### Response:
| This study describes a novel mutation in BBS7 causing BBS in a Chinese family. This is the first report that a mutation in a BBS gene causes BBS in a Chinese population. These results expand the spectrum of human disease associated with mutations of BBS7 since the initial three mutations in BBS7 were first identified in 2003. |
### Instruction:
Is cB1 expression attenuated in Fallopian tube and decidua of women with ectopic pregnancy?
### Response:
| CB1 mRNA shows temporal variation in expression in human FT, likely regulated by progesterone. CB1 mRNA is expressed in low levels in both the FT and endometrium of women with EP. We propose that aberrant endocannabinoid-signaling in human FT leads to EP. Furthermore, our finding of reduced mRNA expression along with a possible association between polymorphism genotypes of the CNR1 gene and EP, suggests a possible genetic predisposition to EP that warrants replication in a larger sample pool. |
### Instruction:
Is angiotensin II type 1 receptor expression increased via 12-lipoxygenase in high glucose-stimulated glomerular cells and type 2 diabetic glomeruli?
### Response:
| These results indicate that AT1 expression is enhanced, at least in part, by 12-LO in the type 2 diabetic glomeruli, and 12-LO inhibition can ameliorate DN progression through downregulation of AT1 expression. |
### Instruction:
Does ephrin-B2 expression critically influence Nipah virus infection independent of its cytoplasmic tail?
### Response:
| Our findings clearly show that EB2 signaling does not account for the striking negative impact of elevated receptor expression on NiV infection, but rather that the ratio between the NiV envelope glycoproteins and surface receptors critically influence cell-to-cell fusion and virus entry. |
### Instruction:
Is monetary cost of dietary energy negatively associated with BMI and waist circumference , but not with other metabolic risk factors , in young Japanese women?
### Response:
| The monetary cost of dietary energy was independently and negatively associated with both BMI and waist circumference, but not other metabolic risk factors, in a group of young Japanese women. |
### Instruction:
Is haptoglobin phenotype a predictor of recurrence free survival in high-risk primary breast cancer patients?
### Response:
| In contrast to our initial results, the haptoglobin phenotype was not identified as a predictor of recurrence free survival in high-risk primary breast cancer in our validation set. Our initial observation in the discovery set was probably the result of a type I error (i.e. false positive). This study illustrates the importance of validation in obtaining the true clinical applicability of a potential biomarker. |
### Instruction:
Is histone H1x highly expressed in human neuroendocrine cells and tumours?
### Response:
| We conclude that the high expression of histone H1x in NETs is probably due to the abundance of this protein in the cells from which these tumours originate. |
### Instruction:
Does global expression profiling in atopic eczema reveal reciprocal expression of inflammatory and lipid genes?
### Response:
| Through genome-wide expression profiling, we were able to discover a distinct reciprocal expression pattern of induced inflammatory genes and repressed lipid metabolism genes in skin from AE patients. We found a significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes in AE with cytobands associated to the disease, and furthermore new chromosomal regions were found that could potentially guide future region-specific linkage mapping in AE. The full data set is available at http://microarray-pubs.stanford.edu/eczema. |
### Instruction:
Does cholecystokinin secretion induced by beta-conglycinin peptone depend on Galphaq-mediated pathways in enteroendocrine cells?
### Response:
| These results indicate that Galphaq pathway is responsible for BconP-induced CCK secretion in STC-1 cells, and suggest the involvement of a Galphaq-coupled GPCR(s) in dietary peptide sensing in enteroendocrine cells. |
### Instruction:
Does liver X receptor mediate hepatitis B virus X protein-induced lipogenesis in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma?
### Response:
| Our results suggest a novel association between HBx and LXR that may represent an important mechanism explaining HBx-induced hepatic lipogenesis during HBV-associated hepatic carcinogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Is foxl1 a marker of bipotential hepatic progenitor cells in mice?
### Response:
| We propose that Foxl1 is a bona fide marker of the facultative progenitor cell in the mouse liver. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Suppression of WWOX gene by RNA interference reverse platinum resistance acquired in SKOV3/SB cells ]?
### Response:
| WWOX gene may be involved in cisplatin resistance phenomenon in epithelial ovarian cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does human immunodeficiency virus type-1 reverse transcriptase exist as post-translationally modified forms in virions and cells?
### Response:
| The same major isoform of p66 and p51 RT is found in virions, infected cells and RTC's and both of these subunits are post-translationally modified. This post-translational modification of RT may be important for the function of RT inside the cell. |
### Instruction:
Does platonin inhibit LPS-induced NF-kappaB by preventing activation of Akt and IKKbeta in human PBMC?
### Response:
| These results suggest the anti-inflammatory activity of platonin is a result of reduced NF-kappaB activity due to inhibition of Akt and IKKbeta. |
### Instruction:
Is hydrogen sulphide pro-inflammatory in haemorrhagic shock?
### Response:
| H(2)S is pro-inflammatory in HS and inhibition of H(2)S biosynthesis may reduce some HS-induced inflammatory responses and organ injury. |
### Instruction:
Do digoxin and digoxin-like immunoreactive factors ( DLIF ) modulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines?
### Response:
| Digoxin and DLIF inhibit the release of proinflammatory cytokines from PBMC via NF-K: B-dependent pathway suggesting an anti-inflammatory effect. |
### Instruction:
Is clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea with hematochezia associated with ulcer formation?
### Response:
| CDAD accompanied by hematochezia is closely associated with ulcer formation. Ulcers are thought to occur during recovery from nadir after anticancer treatment, and white blood cells appear to be essential for their formation. Physicians should therefore pay close attention to the occurrence of colonic ulcer, especially in patients with CDAD during recovery from nadir. |
### Instruction:
Does platelet activation by low concentrations of intact oxidized LDL particles involve the PAF receptor?
### Response:
| Intact oxLDL particles activate platelets through the PAF receptor, and the PAF receptor responds to a far wider range of oxidized phospholipids in oxLDL than anticipated. |
### Instruction:
Is angiopoietin-2 exocytosis stimulated by sphingosine-1-phosphate in human blood and lymphatic endothelial cells?
### Response:
| These results imply that the rapid secretion of Ang2 by exocytosis from endothelial cells is another possible mechanism underlying S1P-induced angiogenesis and inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Do traditional clinical risk assessment tools accurately predict coronary atherosclerotic plaque burden : a CT angiography study?
### Response:
| Coronary risk stratification using a risk factor only-based scheme is a weak discriminator of the overall atherosclerotic plaque burden in individual patients. Patients with little or no plaque might be subjected to lifelong drug therapy, whereas many others with substantial plaque might be undertreated or not treated at all. |
### Instruction:
Do early post operative visual outcome in microsurgically treated suprasellar meningiomas predict long-term visual outcome?
### Response:
| Visual outcome is better in patients with preoperative vision > 1 mfc and early post-operative vision significantly correlates with long term visual outcome. |
### Instruction:
Are narrowband ultraviolet B and medium-dose ultraviolet A1 equally effective in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis?
### Response:
| MD UVA1 therapy was given 3 times per week instead of the preferred regimen of 5 times per week. This was necessary to achieve good blinding of the study. |
### Instruction:
Does exercise affect platelet-impeded antitumor cytotoxicity of natural killer cell?
### Response:
| Severe exercise enhances the cytotoxicity of NK to NPC and simultaneously promotes the platelet-impeded apoptosis of NPC induced by NK. However, warm-up exercise reduces the resistance of platelet to NK-NPC interaction, increasing the efficiency of anti-NPC cytotoxicity by NK after severe exercise. |
### Instruction:
Does protein modification respond to exercise intensity and antioxidant supplementation?
### Response:
| These results indicate that CP concentrations increase with 80% .VO2max intensity. The JPC group had lower baseline CP levels after 16 and 28 wk and no exercise-induced CP increase. HSA is reversibly shifted to a more oxidized state by recent intense exercise. |
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