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### Instruction:
Does cytosolic Receptor Melanoma Differentiation-Associated Protein 5 mediate Preconditioning-Induced Neuroprotection Against Cerebral Ischemic Injury?
### Response:
| Poly-ICLC preconditioning is mediated by melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 and its adaptor molecule IFN-promoter stimulator 1. This is the first evidence that a cytosolic receptor can mediate neuroprotection, providing a new target for the development of therapeutic agents to protect the brain from ischemic... |
### Instruction:
Do retinal Vascular Fractals Correlate With Early Neurodegeneration in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?
### Response:
| In patients with T2DM and no or minimal DR, independent correlations were found between early vascular and neurogenic changes. Thus, retinal vascular fractal analysis might be considered as a tool to identify patients with early neurodegenerative retinal changes. |
### Instruction:
Does the bHLH Transcription Factor NeuroD govern Photoreceptor Genesis and Regeneration Through Delta-Notch Signaling?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that during embryonic development, NeuroD governs photoreceptor genesis via non-cell-autonomous mechanisms and that, during photoreceptor development and regeneration, Notch signaling is a mechanistic link between NeuroD and cell cycle exit. In contrast, during embryonic development, NeuroD gover... |
### Instruction:
Does gM-CSF treatment prevent respiratory syncytial virus-induced pulmonary exacerbation responses in postallergic mice by stimulating alveolar macrophage maturation?
### Response:
| Defective production of GM-CSF leads to insufficient post-AAI rAM maturation in mice that recovered from an AAI, causing increased susceptibility to RSV-induced immunopathology. Promoting the differentiation of post-AAI rAMs might be a therapeutic option for preventing RSV-induced exacerbations in human asthmatic patie... |
### Instruction:
Do inclination-dependent changes of the critical shoulder angle significantly influence superior glenohumeral joint stability?
### Response:
| Glenoid inclination-dependent changes of the critical shoulder angle have a significant impact on superior glenohumeral joint stability. The increased compensatory activity of the rotator cuff to keep the humeral head centered may lead to mechanical overload and could explain the clinically observed association between... |
### Instruction:
Do eRG overexpression and multifocality predict prostate cancer in subsequent biopsy for patients with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia?
### Response:
| The status of ERG expression in HGPIN along with other histological parameters stratifies patients into low- and high-risk groups for having PCa on subsequent biopsy. Our results further support molecular characterization of HGPIN as a means to improve risk stratification and optimize surveillance strategies. |
### Instruction:
Are probiotics helpful in hepatic encephalopathy : a meta-analysis of randomized trials?
### Response:
| Overall the use of probiotics was more effective in decreasing hospitalization rates, improving MHE and preventing progression to OHE in patients with underlying MHE than placebo, but similar to that seen with lactulose. The use of probiotics did not affect mortality rates. |
### Instruction:
Does [ The Supernatant Obtained from Cultured Anip973 Cells enhance the Biological Activities of HUVEC ]?
### Response:
| Anip973 supernatants can promote HUVEC proliferation and migration, as well as angiogenesis. In addition, cell surface markers can change concurrently and relatively. To a certain extent, changes in CD105 expression can be attributed to shifts in its biological behavior.
. |
### Instruction:
Do long-term consequences of in utero irradiated mice indicate proteomic changes in synaptic plasticity related signalling?
### Response:
| As the CREB signalling pathway plays a crucial role in neuronal plasticity and long-term memory formation in the brain, the radiation-induced alterations of this pathway seen here are in good agreement with the cognitive dysfunction seen in in utero irradiated populations. These data contribute to a deeper biological u... |
### Instruction:
Does trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole Therapy reduce Failure and Recurrence in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin Abscesses after Surgical Drainage?
### Response:
| Patients with MRSA skin abscesses are more likely to experience treatment failure and recurrent skin infection if given 3 rather than 10 days of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole after surgical drainage. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelin-1 contribute to the progression of renal injury in sickle cell disease via reactive oxygen species?
### Response:
| These data support a novel role for ET-1 in the progression of sickle nephropathy, specifically via the ETA receptor, and suggest a potential role for ETA receptor antagonism in a treatment strategy. |
### Instruction:
Is downregulation of miR-27b Involved in Loss of Type II Collagen by Directly Targeting Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 ( MMP13 ) in Human Intervertebral Disc Degeneration?
### Response:
| The downregulation of miR-27b induces type II collagen loss by directly targeting MMP13, leading to the development of IDD. Our study also underscores the potential of miR-27b as a novel therapeutic target in human IDD. |
### Instruction:
Does articular Cartilage degenerate After Subtotal/Total Lateral Meniscectomy but Radiographic Arthrosis Progression Is Reduced After Meniscal Transplantation?
### Response:
| Patients who underwent isolated LMAT showed substantial articular cartilage degeneration at the time of initial subtotal/total lateral meniscectomy, and this degeneration progressed thereafter. Further progression of radiographic arthrosis was delayed after LMAT. |
### Instruction:
Does pulmonary Artery Pulsatility Index be Associated With Right Ventricular Failure After Left Ventricular Assist Device Surgery?
### Response:
| PAPi is a simple hemodynamic variable that may help to identify patients at high risk of developing RVF after LVAD implantation. |
### Instruction:
Does systemic Administration of Sclerostin Antibody enhance Bone Morphogenetic Protein-Induced Femoral Defect Repair in a Rat Model?
### Response:
| In a critical-sized femoral defect in a rat model, local rhBMP-2 combined with systemic administration of Scl-Ab resulted in more robust healing that was stronger and more rigid than results for rhBMP-2 alone and intact nonoperative femora. |
### Instruction:
Does the Dietary Flavonoid Rhamnetin inhibit Both Inflammation and Excitotoxicity During Ethanol Withdrawal in Rat Organotypic Hippocampal Slice Cultures?
### Response:
| Rhamnetin is anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective during EWD and therefore has potential value in treating neurotoxicity caused by EtOH. |
### Instruction:
Does epCAM-based flow cytometry in cerebrospinal fluid greatly improve diagnostic accuracy of leptomeningeal metastases from epithelial tumors?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the EpCAM-based flow cytometry assay is superior to CSF cytology for the diagnosis of LM in patients with an epithelial tumor, a clinical suspicion of LM, and a nonconclusive MRI. Confirmation of these data is needed in a larger dataset to recommend dual CSF diagnostics for LM. |
### Instruction:
Do activated estrogen receptor-mitogen-activated protein kinases cross talk confer acquired resistance to lapatinib?
### Response:
| ER signaling compensatory activation may partly contribute to lapatinib acquired resistance in HER2-overexpressing/ERα-positive breast cancer cells, which might be related to PI3K/AKT inhibition and MAPK pathway activation. |
### Instruction:
Is bladder injury secondary to obturator reflex more common with plasmakinetic transurethral resection than monopolar transurethral resection of bladder cancer?
### Response:
| Bipolar transurethral resection of bladder tumor was not superior to monopolar resection with respect to obturator reflex and bladder perforation. We conclude that we do not yet have enough experience concerning the long-term complications and major complications associated with bipolar resection of bladder cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is proctitis after stapled hemorrhoidopexy an underestimated complication of a widely used surgical procedure : a retrospective observational cohort study in 129 patients?
### Response:
| Proctitis could be a complication of stapled hemorrhoidopexy with a good response to conservative treatment with suppositories. |
### Instruction:
Does betahistine reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic gynecological surgery?
### Response:
| Compared to ondansetron alone, ondansetron plus betahistine was more effective to prevent PONV and dizziness in high-risk patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does reproducibility of optical quality parameters measured at objective and subjective best focus in a double-pass system?
### Response:
| Measurements provided by OQAS with either method showed a good repeatability. However, the results obtained from the two different measurement methods showed a poor reproducibility. These findings suggest that it might be best to evaluate patients' optical quality by OQAS using the best focus as chosen automatically by... |
### Instruction:
Does micro ribonucleic acid ( RNA ) -101 inhibit cell proliferation and invasion of lung cancer by regulating cyclooxygenase-2?
### Response:
| MiR-101 expression is decreased in lung cancer, inducing an increase in COX-2 level. Enforced expression of miR-101 can remarkably reduce the cell proliferation and invasion ability of lung cancer cells. |
### Instruction:
Does nefiracetam attenuate Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines and GABA Transporter in Specific Brain Regions of Rats with Post-Ischemic Seizures?
### Response:
| our data demonstrate that NEF improves post-ischemia evoked-NCS by altering PICs, GABA transporters thereby alleviating GABA in the parietal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala. This support a role for PICs and GABA in engagement of the adaptive responses associated with epileptic activity, but also suggests that NEF has ... |
### Instruction:
Does flotillin-2 Gene be Associated with Coronary Artery Disease in Chinese Han Population?
### Response:
| There was a strong association between polymorphisms of flotillin-2 gene and CAD in the Chinese Han population. Persons with the GG genotype of rs3816848 may have a higher risk of CAD. Moreover, the plasma levels of TC were significantly different among the different genotypes of the rs3816848 and rs8081659 SNPs in the... |
### Instruction:
Is the impact of slow graft function on graft outcome comparable to delayed graft function in deceased donor kidney transplantation?
### Response:
| SGF may be an independent risk factor for poor renal function after DKT. Moreover, it was comparable to DGF. Efforts should be dedicated to minimizing the development of SGF and DGF. |
### Instruction:
Is asthma a risk factor for new onset chronic migraine : Results from the American migraine prevalence and prevention study?
### Response:
| Asthma is associated with an increased risk of new onset CM 1 year later among individuals with EM, with the highest risk being among those with the greatest number of respiratory symptoms. The exact mechanisms underlying this association are unknown, but could suggest mast cell degranulation, autonomic dysfunction, or... |
### Instruction:
Does homozygous missense mutation in the LMAN2L gene segregate with intellectual disability in a large consanguineous Pakistani family?
### Response:
| This is the first report linking LMAN2L to a phenotype of severe ARID and seizures, indicating that the deleterious homozygous p.R53Q variant very likely causes the disorder. |
### Instruction:
Is mutation in cytochrome b gene of mitochondrial DNA in a family with fibromyalgia associated with NLRP3-inflammasome activation?
### Response:
| We propose further studies on mtDNA sequence analysis in patients with FM with evidences for maternal inheritance. The presence of similar symptoms in mitochondrial myopathies could unmask mitochondrial diseases among patients with FM. On the other hand, the inflammasome complex activation by mitochondrial dysfunction ... |
### Instruction:
Do increased dietary levels of α-linoleic acid inhibit mammary tumor growth and metastasis?
### Response:
| These data support the anticancer effect of an ALA-enriched diet, which might be used as a dietary strategy in breast cancer prevention. |
### Instruction:
Does amplitude Manipulation evoke Upper Limb Freezing during Handwriting in Patients with Parkinson 's Disease with Freezing of Gait?
### Response:
| Corroborating findings of gait research, the current study supports a core problem in amplitude control underlying FOUL, both in maintaining as well as in flexibly adapting the cycle size. |
### Instruction:
Do dietary Patterns Are Associated with Predicted Cardiovascular Disease Risk in an Urban Mexican Adult Population?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that the prudent pattern is associated with a reduced risk of 10-y CVD, whereas the refined-foods pattern may increase 10-y CVD in Mexican adults. |
### Instruction:
Does urine measurement indicate the plasma brain natriuretic peptide concentration during optimization of heart failure treatment?
### Response:
| Relative changes in plasma NT-proBNP could be reliably estimated from urine samples during a period of optimization of HF treatment. |
### Instruction:
Does reverberation negatively impact musical sound quality for cochlear implant users?
### Response:
| This is the first study, to our knowledge, to objectively compare the effects of reverberation on musical sound quality ratings in CI users. These results suggest that musical sound quality for CI users can be improved by non-reverberant listening conditions and musical stimuli in which reverberation is removed. |
### Instruction:
Does hydroxyurea-Increased Fetal Hemoglobin be Associated with Less Organ Damage and Longer Survival in Adults with Sickle Cell Anemia?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that adults should be treated with the maximum tolerated hydroxyurea dose, ideally before organ damage occurs. Prospective studies are indicated to validate these findings. |
### Instruction:
Are hyponatremia and hypernatremia associated with increased 30-day mortality in hip fracture patients?
### Response:
| This study shows that abnormal plasma sodium levels are prevalent in patients admitted with a fractured hip and that both hyponatremia and hypernatremia are associated with increased risk of death within 30 days of admission. |
### Instruction:
Is hIV mono-infection associated with an impaired anti-hepatitis C virus activity of natural killer cells?
### Response:
| HIV infection has a strong suppressive effect on anti-HCV activity of NK cells. This may contribute to low spontaneous clearance rate and accelerated progression of HCV-associated liver disease observed in HIV(+) patients. |
### Instruction:
Does cold Crystalloid Perfusion provide Cardiac Preservation Superior to Cold Storage for Donation After Circulatory Death?
### Response:
| Continuous cold crystalloid perfusion in a canine model of DCD: (1) facilitates aerobic metabolism and resuscitates the DCD heart, (2) provides functional and metabolic recovery superior to cold storage, (3) shows promise for improved clinical preservation of DCD and marginal donor hearts. |
### Instruction:
Does early Measurement of Indocyanine Green Clearance Accurately predict Short-Term Outcomes After Liver Transplantation?
### Response:
| A simple score obtained within the first day after LT predicts short-term survival and need for retransplantation and may prove useful when selecting diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. |
### Instruction:
Is quality of life in adolescents and young adults with CHD reduced : a systematic review and meta-analysis?
### Response:
| For the first time in a meta-analysis, we have shown that quality of life in adolescents and young adults with CHD is not reduced when compared with age-matched controls. |
### Instruction:
Does iVIG therapy in pemphigus vulgaris have corticosteroid-sparing and immunomodulatory effects?
### Response:
| IVIG induced long-term clinical remission, while displaying a corticocorticosteroid-sparing effect and evoking a long-standing immunomodulatory effect in PV patients. The safety profile of IVIG therapy was assessed as good. |
### Instruction:
Do discordant cardiac biomarker levels independently predict outcome in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Discordant elevation of cTnT in the presence of normal CK plasma levels on admission is associated with increased mortality in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI. This may be due to preceding microembolization. |
### Instruction:
Are respiratory tract infections in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals linked with serum surfactant protein-D?
### Response:
| Diabetic obese subjects had greater rate of recurrent respiratory tract infections and had lower concentration of serum surfactant protein D compared to subjects without respiratory tract infections. |
### Instruction:
Does insulin Resistance Negatively influence the Muscle-Dependent IGF-1-Bone Mass Relationship in Premenarcheal Girls?
### Response:
| Lean body mass is an important intermediary factor in the IGF-1-bone relationship. For this reason, bone development may be compromised indirectly via suboptimal IGF-1-dependent muscle development in insulin-resistant children. |
### Instruction:
Is periodontal CD14 mRNA expression downregulated in patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| CD14 mRNA expression was downregulated across patients with neither periodontitis nor T2DM, patients with periodontitis alone and patients with both diseases, suggesting that CD14 mRNA expression is associated with a favorable host response or subjected to a negative feedback regulation. |
### Instruction:
Is serum phosphate an independent predictor of the total aortic calcification volume in non-hemodialysis patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery?
### Response:
| An increase in serum phosphate level was associated with an increased AC burden in non-HD patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery. |
### Instruction:
Is aberrant GSTP1 promoter methylation associated with increased risk and advanced stage of breast cancer : a meta-analysis of 19 case-control studies?
### Response:
| The results indicated that GSTP1 promoter methylation probably plays an important role in breast carcinogenesis, which could serve as an effective biomarker for the diagnosis and monitor of breast cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does classification of radiology reports for fall in an HIV study cohort?
### Response:
| Feature selection was crucial to improving the classifier's performance. Feature selection with MI allowed us to select the number of discriminative features to use for classification, in contrast to the embedded feature selection method, in which the number of features is chosen automatically. |
### Instruction:
Is buttonhole Cannulation Associated with More AVF Infections in a Low-Care Satellite Dialysis Unit : A Long-Term Longitudinal Study?
### Response:
| Observational retrospective single centre study. |
### Instruction:
Does salivary Heparanase Level be a Potential Biomarker to Diagnose and Prognose the Malignant Salivary Gland Tumor?
### Response:
| The study shows that salivary heparanase levels, as detected by the ELISAs, can be used to diagnose and provide an accurate prognosis for malignant salivary gland tumors. Salivary heparanase level was an independent predictor in patients with malignant salivary gland tumors. |
### Instruction:
Do early thromboelastometry variables predict maximum clot firmness in children undergoing cardiac and non-cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| This study confirmed that early values of clot amplitudes measured as soon as five, 10 or 15 min after clotting time could be used to predict maximum clot firmness in all ROTEM® tests. |
### Instruction:
Do effects of diaphragmatic control on the assessment of sniff nasal inspiratory pressure and maximum relaxation rate?
### Response:
| Diaphragmatic control performed during SNIP test influences obtained inspiratory pressure, being lower when diaphC is performed. However, there was no influence on normalized MRR. |
### Instruction:
Does euroSCORE II show better accuracy nor predictive power in comparison to original EuroSCORE : a single-centre study?
### Response:
| EuroSCORE II did not estimate mortality risk better in comparison to its previous versions, in the entire studied population or in the CABG patients. On the basis of the analysed data, it seems that the closest to the actual risk of death for the Polish population is the EuroSCORE logistic model. |
### Instruction:
Does twice-daily Budesonide 2-mg Foam induce Complete Mucosal Healing in Patients with Distal Ulcerative Colitis?
### Response:
| A significantly greater percentage of patients receiving twice-daily administration of budesonide foam compared with once-daily administration/placebo achieved complete mucosal healing. This is the first study to evaluate the endoscopic efficacy of twice-daily administration of 6-week budesonide foam treatment for ulce... |
### Instruction:
Does secretory component mediate Candida albicans binding to epithelial cells?
### Response:
| These results indicate that despite the inhibitory effect on adherence of IgA specific to C. albicans, IgA components, in particular secretory component, also promote binding to cultured epithelial monolayers. |
### Instruction:
Does reference range for Neonatal Basal Ganglia Perfusion as Measured by Fractional Moving Blood Volume?
### Response:
| We have successfully used the index FMBV to define a reference range for perfusion in the basal ganglia. These data can be used as a reference for subsequent studies that evaluate basal ganglia perfusion in pathological conditions. |
### Instruction:
Are genes related to mitochondrial functions differentially expressed in phosphine-resistant and -susceptible Tribolium castaneum?
### Response:
| Overall, genes associated with the mitochondria were differentially expressed in resistant insects, and these differences may contribute to a reduction in overall metabolism and energy production and/or compensation in resistant insects. These data provide the first gene expression data on the response of phosphine-res... |
### Instruction:
Do porphyromonas gingivalis and Epstein-Barr Virus Are Associated With Increased Levels of Visfatin in Gingival Crevicular Fluid?
### Response:
| To the best of the authors' knowledge, the present study is the first one to show the correlation of periodontopathogens and GCF visfatin levels. P. gingivalis colonization of the periodontal pockets may increase visfatin secretion. Furthermore, the presence of EBV in the plaque may be another factor that causes an inc... |
### Instruction:
Does expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor have a Regulatory Role in Gingival Venules in Experimental Diabetes?
### Response:
| The findings suggest that VEGF expression is increased in gingiva in experimentally induced diabetes. After VEGFR2 activation, the mast cell-derived vasodilatory and inflammatory mediators may contribute markedly to the concomitant changes in the microcirculation. |
### Instruction:
Does validation of serum free light chain reference range in primary care?
### Response:
| Elevation of free light chain-κ:λ ratios may occur in the absence of a reduced renal function shown by a normal estimated glomerular filtration rate and in the presence of reduced renal function by estimated glomerular filtration rate when comparing results with the established reference ranges. Explanations include ch... |
### Instruction:
Do genetic variations in the PI3K/AKT pathway predict platinum-based neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic sensitivity in squamous cervical cancer?
### Response:
| The findings from this study demonstrate that genetic polymorphisms in the PI3K/Akt pathway are associated with sensitivity to platinum-based chemotherapy in SCC patients. |
### Instruction:
Is disease-Free Survival at 2 and 3 Years a Significant Early Surrogate Marker Predicting the 5-Year Overall Survival in Patients Treated with Radical Cystectomy for Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder : External Evaluation and Validation in a Cohort of Korean Patients?
### Response:
| Our external validation results support the existing finding that 2- and 3-year DFS can be a valid early surrogate end point to predict 5-year OS after RC in patients with UC of the bladder. |
### Instruction:
Is chelating effect of citric acid negligible for development of enamel erosions?
### Response:
| Under the chosen conditions chelating effects of CA do not have a relevant influence of HAp-dissolution of enamel. Moreover, amount of HAp-dissolution by CA is not attributed to a single factor alone. The interplay between the different parameters of CA seems to be responsible for its erosive potential. |
### Instruction:
Does dexmedetomidine reduce postoperative delirium after joint replacement in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment?
### Response:
| These findings suggested that DEX treatment during surgery significantly reduced POD incidence in both normal and aMCI elderly patients, suggesting that it may be an effective option for the prevention of POD. |
### Instruction:
Is pulse pressure an independent predictor of incident atrial fibrillation in 60-year-old men and women?
### Response:
| PP seems not to be associated with incident AF in a Swedish population of 60-year-old men and women. |
### Instruction:
Does direct sequencing of FAH gene in Pakistani tyrosinemia type 1 families reveal a novel mutation?
### Response:
| Most of the HT1 patients die before they present to hospitals in Pakistan, as is indicated by enrollment of only three families in 1.5 years. Most of those with late clinical presentation do not survive due to delayed diagnosis followed by untimely treatment. This tragic condition advocates the establishment of expande... |
### Instruction:
Is aortic stiffness an independent determinant of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in metabolic syndrome patients?
### Response:
| cfPWV is a significant determinant of LVDD in subjects with MetS. |
### Instruction:
Does mothers ' Views on Longer Storage of Neonatal Dried Blood Spots for Specific Secondary used?
### Response:
| Mothers indicate support of several secondary uses and prolonged storage of DBS but report a low awareness of current storage and secondary use policies. Efforts must be made to involve parents as key stakeholders in DBS policies. This could be achieved through a parent-led advisory structure. |
### Instruction:
Do distinct cytokine/chemokine network in semen and blood characterize different stages of HIV infection?
### Response:
| A profound disruption in the cytokine/chemokine network is evident in blood and semen from the earliest stage of HIV infection shortly after the first detection of systemic viremia. These changes are maintained throughout the chronic phase of the infection and do not normalize despite ART and suppression of plasma HIV ... |
### Instruction:
Is the absence of physiological neonatal weight loss on the 1st-5th day associated with decreased later physical indices?
### Response:
| Girls who did not lose or gained weight immediately after birth tended to remain shorter and lighter during childhood and adolescence. Only a few statistically significant differences were obtained in boys. |
### Instruction:
Does pneumococcal Infection aggravate Elastase-Induced Emphysema via Matrix Metalloproteinase 12 Overexpression?
### Response:
| These results suggest that MMP-12 production during COPD exacerbation results in increased mortality and emphysema progression. Our study identifies MMP-12 as a target to prevent further aggravation of COPD. |
### Instruction:
Does ibopamine challenge testing become negative following successful trabeculectomy surgery?
### Response:
| A glaucoma patient with a positive ibopamine challenge will show a negative challenge result when re-tested following trabeculectomy surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does caffeine reduce hepatic lipid accumulation through regulation of lipogenesis and ER stress in zebrafish larvae?
### Response:
| We induced hepatoteatosis in zebrafish by overfeeding regimen and demonstrated caffeine have a role in suppression of hepatosteatosis by downregulation of genes associated with lipogenesis, ER stress, inflammatory response and enhancement of lipid oxidation, indicating zebrafish model may be used to identify putative p... |
### Instruction:
Is cigarette smoke-induced induction of antioxidant enzyme activities in airway leukocytes absent in active smokers with COPD?
### Response:
| We found no evidence of impaired basal antioxidant defences, within either the RTLFs or airway leukocytes in stable ex-smoking COPD patients compared with healthy never smoking controls. Current cigarette smoking induced an up-regulation of low molecular weight antioxidants in the RTLFs of both control subjects with no... |
### Instruction:
Do spatio-temporal hotspots of satellite-tracked arctic foxes reveal a large detection range in a mammalian predator?
### Response:
| Observed traveling distances may indicate a high detection range in arctic foxes, and our results suggest their ability to detect food sources on the sea ice from their terrestrial home range. While revealing a wide knowledge gap regarding resource detection abilities in mammalian predators, our study provides estimate... |
### Instruction:
Does heating Process in Pasteurization and not in Sterilization decrease the Iodine Concentration of Milk?
### Response:
| The present study showed that the iodine concentration is not decreased during the heating process in sterilization, indicating that supplemented sterilized milk could be a good alternative vehicle for dietary iodine in the prevention of iodine deficiency. |
### Instruction:
Does the Immune Checkpoint Regulator PD-L1 be Highly Expressed in Aggressive Primary Prostate Cancer?
### Response:
| We provide first evidence that expression of the therapy target PD-L1 is not only highly prevalent in primary prostate cancer cells but is also an independent indicator of BCR, suggesting a biologic relevance in primary tumors. Further studies need to ascertain if PD-1/PD-L1-targeted therapy might be a treatment option... |
### Instruction:
Is computerized tomography based tumor-thickness measurement useful to predict postoperative pathological tumor thickness in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Tumor thickness assessed by CT scan may provide an accurate estimation of true thickness and can be used in treatment planning. |
### Instruction:
Does adolescent delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( THC ) exposure fail to affect THC-induced place and taste conditioning in adult male rats?
### Response:
| Adolescent exposure to THC had no effect on THC taste and place conditioning in adulthood. The failure to see an effect of adolescent exposure was addressed in the context of other research that has assessed exposure of drugs of abuse during adolescence on drug reactivity in adulthood. |
### Instruction:
Do eye Movement Deficits Are Consistent with a Staging Model of pTDP-43 Pathology in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?
### Response:
| Dysfunction of eye movement control in ALS can be characterized by a two-staged sequential pattern comprising executive deficits in Stage 1 and additional impaired infratentorial oculomotor control pathways in Stage 2. This pattern parallels the neuropathological staging of ALS and may serve as a technical marker of th... |
### Instruction:
Do [ Clinical effects of gabapentin on the treatment of pruritus of scar resulting from deep partial-thickness burn ]?
### Response:
| For patients with deep partial-thickness burn, gabapentin can effectively alleviate scar itching after wound healing with safety. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Bibliometric analysis of scientific articles on rehabilitation nursing for adult burn patients in China ]?
### Response:
| The research on rehabilitation nursing for adult burn patients in China has been carried out nationwide. Although the number of relevant papers is on the rise, the quality of these papers needs to be further improved. There is an urgent need for the guideline on rehabilitation nursing for adult burn patients in China s... |
### Instruction:
Does xanthii fructus inhibit inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages through suppressing NF-κB and JNK/p38 MAPK?
### Response:
| Taken together, our findings support that XF inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking NF-κB activation, inhibiting JNK/p38 MAPK phosphorylation, and enhancing HO-1 expression in macrophages, suggesting that it could be an attractive therapeutic candidate for various inflammatory diseases. |
### Instruction:
Are general practices ' perspectives on Medicare Locals ' performance critical lessons for the success of Primary Health Networks?
### Response:
| Those MLs that did well continued in an expanded way the work DGP were doing beforehand and made a seamless transition. PHNs will need to build on the strengths of previous PHOs, and create locality structures and processes that maximise the potential for clinical engagement. They will actively guide the dialogue betwe... |
### Instruction:
Does combination of mTOR Inhibitors augment Potency while Activating PI3K Signaling in Pituitary Tumors?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the differential signaling mechanisms induced by these compounds eventually converge to lead to an efficient blockade of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in pituitary tumor cells and may facilitate a reduction in treatment dosage. |
### Instruction:
Does self-focused attention affect subsequent processing of positive ( but not negative ) performance appraisals?
### Response:
| Future research should examine whether the current findings, which involved a standardized social performance event, extend to interaction events as well as in a clinical sample. |
### Instruction:
Does valsartan attenuate KIR2.1 by Downregulating the Th1 Immune Response in Rats Following Myocardial Infarction?
### Response:
| Valsartan ameliorates IK1/Kir2.1 remodeling by downregulating the Th1 immune response following MI. |
### Instruction:
Does genome-wide association study identify candidate loci associated with postoperative fentanyl requirements after laparoscopic-assisted colectomy?
### Response:
| Our findings provide valuable information for personalized pain treatment after LAC, in which the C allele of the rs2076222 SNP is associated with lower opioid sensitivity and requires more opioid analgesic after LAC. |
### Instruction:
Is pediatric Colorectal Carcinoma Associated With Excellent Outcome in the Context of Cancer Predisposition Syndromes?
### Response:
| Children and adolescents with CRC are frequently diagnosed in advanced stages and have an unfavorable prognosis. In this study, a high percentage of pediatric CRC patients presented with a tumor predisposition syndrome and showed an especially favorable OS. |
### Instruction:
Are physically less active children shorter?
### Response:
| This study shows that physically less active children are shorter and have shorter feet. In analogy to the "muscle bone unit", we propose a "muscle epiphyseal unit" which regulates local bone growth as long as epiphyseal plates are still open. |
### Instruction:
Does a subset of CD163+ macrophages displays mix polarizations in discoid lupus skin?
### Response:
| Whereas a subset of CD163+ macrophages displays mixed polarizations in DLE skin, other immune cells such as T cells can contribute to the expression of these macrophage-related genes. |
### Instruction:
Are depressive symptoms associated with daytime sleepiness and subjective sleep quality in dementia with Lewy bodies?
### Response:
| Subjective poor sleep and daytime sleepiness were associated with depressive symptoms in DLB. Given the cross-sectional nature of the present study, the directionality of this relationship cannot be determined, although this association did not appear to be mediated by sleep quality or daytime sleepiness. Nevertheless,... |
### Instruction:
Is there poor reliability of Böhler 's angle and the crucial angle of Gissane in assessing displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures?
### Response:
| For BA and CAG, there is frequent disagreement among experienced observers, even given a wide tolerance range. We recommend use of caution when applying BA as currently measured in making treatment decisions for DIACF. |
### Instruction:
Do greater hunger and less restraint predict weight loss success with phentermine treatment?
### Response:
| These results suggest that individuals reporting greater hunger and less restraint are more likely to achieve significant weight loss with phentermine. This information can be used clinically to determine who might benefit most from phentermine treatment. |
### Instruction:
Do premedication and Chemotherapy Agents Impair Imgatuzumab ( GA201 ) -Mediated Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity and Combination Therapies Enhance Efficacy?
### Response:
| These data indicate that medications currently coadministered with anti-EGFR therapies are unlikely to diminish the ADCC capabilities of imgatuzumab. Further studies using syngeneic models with functional adaptive T-cell responses are now required to fully understand how chemotherapy agents will influence a long-term r... |
### Instruction:
Does adrenergic Stimulation of DUSP1 impair Chemotherapy Response in Ovarian Cancer?
### Response:
| These findings provide a new understanding of the mechanisms by which adrenergic pathways can impair response to chemotherapy and have implications for cancer management. |
### Instruction:
Is pre-treatment lymphocytopaenia an adverse prognostic biomarker in muscle-invasive and advanced bladder cancer?
### Response:
| Pre-treatment lymphocytopaenia is an independent adverse prognostic factor in both muscle-invasive and advanced bladder cancer. It may be a manifestation of cancer-induced immune suppression driving tumour progression. |
### Instruction:
Does health-related quality of life mediate associations between multi-morbidity and depressive symptoms in Chinese primary care patients?
### Response:
| To enhance the functional capacity of primary care patients with co-existing chronic disease and depressive symptoms, health care interventions should be directed at improving the physical aspects of HRQOL, in particular enhancing patients' GH perception, role functioning and PF, and to better manage chronic pain. |
### Instruction:
Do lymphocyte subsets contribute to the degree of lobulitis and ductitis in sclerosing lymphocytic lobulitis of the breast?
### Response:
| In addition to B lymphocyte subsets, T lymphocyte subsets could be involved differently in SLL. CD4 lymphocytes may have a pivotal role in recruiting other subsets to the inflamed site, and triggered the cascade of inflammatory changes resulting in fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Does differential variability and correlation of gene expression identify key genes involved in neuronal differentiation?
### Response:
| The results of this study provide a systematic analytical framework for identifying key genes involved in neural differentiation by detecting their dynamical behaviors, as well as a basis for understanding the dynamic molecular mechanisms underlying the processes of neural differentiation. |
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