question stringlengths 52 373 | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k |
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### Instruction:
Does diabetes mortality differ between registers due to various disease definitions?
### Response:
| The significantly higher mortality in the NDR population not identified by the regional algorithm may stem from differences between the components of the two algorithms, i.e. frequency of glucose measurements in the NDR versus frequency of HbA1c measurements including elevated values in the regional algorithm. The NDR ... |
### Instruction:
Does increased arterial inflammation relate to high-risk coronary plaque morphology in HIV-infected patients?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate a relationship between arterial inflammation on F-FDG-PET and high-risk coronary atherosclerotic plaque features among HIV-infected patients with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis. Further studies are needed to determine whether arterial inflammation and related high-risk coronary morphology i... |
### Instruction:
Does mechanical unloading promote myocardial energy recovery in human heart failure?
### Response:
| These observations underscore an important pathophysiologic role for severely defective metabolism in heart failure, while the reversibility of these defects by left ventricular assist device suggests metabolic resilience of the human heart. |
### Instruction:
Is a cytokine-delivering polymer effective in reducing tumor burden in a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma murine model?
### Response:
| Herein, we demonstrate the efficacy of a novel polymer platform in delivering cisplatin and cytokines. We also demonstrate that we can effectively grow dendritic cells in the polymer that can actively secrete CCL21 for a minimum of 5 days. This polymer may represent a new therapeutic modality for patients with HNSCC. O... |
### Instruction:
Are very low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D associated with immunologic changes or clinical outcome in South African patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis?
### Response:
| Vitamin D deficiency does not predispose to the development of CM, or lead to impaired immune responses or microbiological clearance in HIV-infected patients with CM. |
### Instruction:
Does induction of microRNA-21 with exogenous hydrogen sulfide attenuate myocardial ischemic and inflammatory injury in mice?
### Response:
| Na2S induces cardioprotective effects through miR-21-dependent attenuation of ischemic and inflammatory injury in cardiomyocytes. |
### Instruction:
Does a point mutation in Myh10 cause major defects in heart development and body wall closure?
### Response:
| Expression of motor-impaired NMII-B disrupts normal ventral body wall closure because of a dominant-negative effect. This is not because of the loss of NMII-B function but rather a gain-of-function resulting from prolonged cross-linking of NMII-B to actin filaments, thereby interfering with the dynamics of actomyosin c... |
### Instruction:
Do iL18 production and IL18 promoter polymorphisms correlate with mortality in ICU patients?
### Response:
| Plasma IL18 levels may predict outcome in patients with sepsis. IL18 promoter polymorphism, especially at -607, may increase IL18 production in some patients and might be useful in predicting the outcome of patients with sepsis in the ICU. |
### Instruction:
Is timing of antimicrobial therapy after identification of ventilator-associated condition associated with mortality in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia : a cohort study?
### Response:
| We observed no signal of harm associated with the timing to initiate antimicrobials after the identification of a VAC. The identification of VAC should not lead clinicians to start antimicrobials before a diagnosis of VAP can be established. |
### Instruction:
Is bradykinin stimulation of nitric oxide production sufficient for gamma-globin induction?
### Response:
| Bradykinin mediated eNOS activation leads to short time and low NO production in endothelial cells, insufficient to induce gamma-globin gene expression. These results emphasized the significance of elevated and extended NO production in augmentation of gamma-globin gene expression. |
### Instruction:
Do second look procedure for large burn defect by banana peel pericranial flap based on one artery?
### Response:
| Designing of large-scale flaps is very hazardous, especially in elderly people. Scalp reconstruction based on one artery has to be planned in detail and performed when the possibility of complication is reduced to minimum. Our case report underlines possible reconstruction as delayed procedure even with the exposed bon... |
### Instruction:
Do epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors selectively inhibit the expressions of human β-defensins induced by Staphylococcus epidermidis?
### Response:
| EGFRIs may cause cutaneous adverse effects through selectively perturbing innate immune responses induced by commensal and pathogenic bacteria. |
### Instruction:
Does the neurokinin 1 receptor regulate peritoneal fibrinolytic activity and postoperative adhesion formation?
### Response:
| These data indicate that the NK-1R mediates the adhesion-reducing effects of the NK-1RA, in part, by the upregulation of peritoneal fibrinolysis, and suggest that the NK-1R is a promising therapeutic target for adhesion prevention. |
### Instruction:
Do hIV virological rebounds but not blips predict liver fibrosis progression in antiretroviral-treated HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients?
### Response:
| Liver fibrosis progression was associated with HIV rebound, but not blips, and with increasing cumulative exposure to HIV RNA, highlighting the importance of achieving and maintaining HIV suppression in the setting of HIV/HCV coinfection. |
### Instruction:
Does biliopancreatic diversion require multiple vitamin and micronutrient adjustments within 2 years of surgery?
### Response:
| The initial prescription was insufficient to cover the requirements after BPD/DS. At least 3000 mg of calcium with 7000 IU of vitamin D, 50,000 IU of vitamin A, 40 mg of zinc, and 200 mg of iron must be prescribed to start with. The trend toward a decrease in 25 OH vitamin D and hyperparathyroidism remains difficult to... |
### Instruction:
Are increased levels of interleukin-6 , -8 and -10 associated with fatal outcome following severe traumatic brain injury?
### Response:
| The findings indicate that increased IL-10, -8 and -6 levels may constitute an early predictor of unfavourable outcome in severe TBI patients. |
### Instruction:
Is down-regulated microRNA-101 in bladder transitional cell carcinoma associated with poor prognosis?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the expression of miR-101 is down-regulated in BTCC, which consequently favored tumor progression. MiR-101 may play an important role as a diagnostic and prognostic marker in BTCC. |
### Instruction:
Is cHD2 haploinsufficiency associated with developmental delay , intellectual disability , epilepsy and neurobehavioural problems?
### Response:
| The results of this study, in addition to our review of the literature, support a causative role of CHD2 haploinsufficiency in developmental delay, intellectual disability, epilepsy and behavioural problems, with phenotypic variability between individuals. |
### Instruction:
Is predominantly Inattentive Type of ADHD Associated With Social Anxiety Disorder?
### Response:
| We have found high ADHD comorbidity in patients with SAD. Presence of comorbid ADHD was associated with increased severity, functional impairment, and BD comorbidity. |
### Instruction:
Does delta-24-RGD oncolytic adenovirus elicit anti-glioma immunity in an immunocompetent mouse model?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that Delta-24-RGD induces anti-glioma immunity and offers the first evidence that viral infection directly enhances presentation of tumor-associated antigens to immune cells. |
### Instruction:
Is multilevel en bloc spondylectomy for tumors of the thoracic and lumbar spine challenging but rewarding?
### Response:
| In patients with multisegmental spinal tumors, oncologic resections were achieved by multilevel en bloc spondylectomy and led to an acceptable survival rate with reasonable local control. Multilevel en bloc surgery was associated with a high complication rate; however, most patients recovered from their complications. ... |
### Instruction:
Are vitamin B12 levels affected by radioiodine ablation of the thyroid?
### Response:
| Radioiodine ablation does not cause vitamin B12 deficiency. However, a prospective study with a larger number of patients is required to confirm this finding. |
### Instruction:
Does calcitriol supplementation improve endothelium-dependent vasodilation in rat hypertensive renal injury?
### Response:
| The data indicate that irbesartan effectively decreases blood pressure and renal AngII levels, and improves albuminuria. Our findings indicate that vitamin D enhances klotho expression, suppressing oxidative stress and albuminuria without substantial changes in renal AngII levels. These results suggest that the amelior... |
### Instruction:
Is task-specific fall prevention training effective for warfighters with transtibial amputations?
### Response:
| These results indicate that task-specific fall prevention training is an effective rehabilitation method to reduce falls in persons with lower extremity transtibial amputations. |
### Instruction:
Do mast cells impair host defense during murine Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia?
### Response:
| MCs exhibit an unfavorable role in host defense during pneumococcal pneumonia by a mechanism independent of degranulation. |
### Instruction:
Is fold rise in antibody titers by measured by glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay an excellent correlate of protection for a herpes zoster vaccine , demonstrated via the vaccine efficacy curve?
### Response:
| The analysis illustrates the value of the VE curve framework for assessing immune response biomarkers as CoPs in vaccine efficacy trials. |
### Instruction:
Do small-conductance calcium-activated potassium ( SK ) channels contribute to action potential repolarization in human atria?
### Response:
| SK channels are present in human atria where they participate in repolarization. SK2 and SK3 were down-regulated and had reduced functional importance in chronic AF. As SK current was not found to contribute substantially to the ventricular AP, pharmacological inhibition of SK channels may be a putative atrial-selectiv... |
### Instruction:
Does side of cancer influence limb volumes in women prior to breast cancer surgery?
### Response:
| Prior to BC treatment, the dominant limb demonstrated lower bioimpedance resistance (-2.09%) and greater total limb volume (1.12%) than the nondominant limb. Segmental volume differences were greatest at the proximal forearm segment (2.31%) and least at the proximal arm segment (0.21%). This study provides evidence tha... |
### Instruction:
Does next-generation sequencing improve the diagnosis of thyroid FNA specimens with indeterminate cytology?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that thyroid FNA can be analysed successfully by NGS. The detection of mutations known to be involved in thyroid cancer improves the sensitivity of thyroid FNA diagnosis. |
### Instruction:
Does orexin A inhibit propofol-induced neurite retraction by a phospholipase D/protein kinase Cε-dependent mechanism in neurons?
### Response:
| Rho-kinase is essential for propofol-induced neurite retraction in cortical neuronal cells. Activation of PKC inhibits neurite retraction caused by propofol. OA blocks propofol-induced neurite retraction by a PLD/PKCε-mediated pathway, and PKCε maybe the key enzyme where the wakefulness and anaesthesia signal pathways ... |
### Instruction:
Does impaired local regulation of ryanodine receptor type 2 by protein phosphatase 1 promote atrial fibrillation?
### Response:
| PP1 regulates RyR2 locally by counteracting CaMKII phosphorylation of RyR2. Decreased local PP1 regulation of RyR2 contributes to RyR2 hyperactivity and promotes AF susceptibility. This represents a novel mechanism for subcellular modulation of calcium channels and may represent a potential drug target of AF. |
### Instruction:
Is calcium signalling from the type I inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor required at early phase of liver regeneration?
### Response:
| Together, these results show that InsP3 R-I-dependent Ca(2+) signalling is an early triggering pathway required for liver regeneration. |
### Instruction:
Is embolism emerging as a major cause of spinal cord injury after descending and thoracoabdominal aortic repair with a contemporary approach : magnetic resonance findings of spinal cord injury?
### Response:
| From these findings, embolism is 1 of the major causes of spinal cord injury in the era of adjuncts to optimize spinal cord haemodynamics during aortic repair. |
### Instruction:
Does midazolam fail to prevent neurological damage in children with convulsive refractory febrile status epilepticus?
### Response:
| Although the sample size was small and our study could not determine which protocol element is essential for the neurological outcome, the findings suggest that clinical seizure control using midazolam without continuous electroencephalography monitoring or targeted temperature management is insufficient in preventing ... |
### Instruction:
Does cardiac MRI improve identification of etiology of acute ischemic stroke?
### Response:
| CMR is a valuable tool for the detection of CAE sources in patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke and provides clinicians with a unique set of information that may substantially change the long-term management of these patients. DE-CMR also detects non-CAD scarring, which may indicate a predisposition to ischemic st... |
### Instruction:
Does postconditioning protect skeletal muscle against a long-lasting vascular occlusion?
### Response:
| Postconditioning was able to reduce local complications after a long-lasting lower limb vascular occlusion. |
### Instruction:
Do infiltrating neutrophils aggravate metabolic liver failure in fah-deficient mice?
### Response:
| The excess infiltrating neutrophils exacerbate liver failure in fah(-/-) mice which can be attenuated by blocking CCR2. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic upper airway obstruction induce abnormal sleep/wake dynamics in juvenile rats?
### Response:
| State space technique enables visualization of vigilance-state transitions and velocities that were not evident by traditional scoring methods. This analysis provides new quantitative assessment of abnormal vigilance-state dynamics in UAO in the absence of frank obstructed apneas or hypopneas. |
### Instruction:
Do auditory pathways ' maturation after cochlear implant via cortical auditory evoked potentials?
### Response:
| Changes in the characteristics of cortical auditory evoked potentials can be observed in children who receive cochlear implants; these changes are related to the age of intervention, suggesting a rapid maturation of the auditory pathways after electrical stimulation. |
### Instruction:
Is metastatic potential determined early in synovial sarcoma development and reflected by tumor molecular features?
### Response:
| Primary SynSa tumors from patients who develop metastases or local recurrence share common molecular features with metastatic/recurrent tumors. Presented data suggest that the aggressive clinical SynSa behavior is determined early in tumorigenesis and might be related to impaired regulation of mitotic mechanisms. This ... |
### Instruction:
Does transfusion of stored blood impair host defenses against Gram-negative pathogens in mice?
### Response:
| Transfusion of older RBCs exacerbates Gram-negative infection to a similar extent as malaria coinfection or iron dextran administration. Appropriate antibiotic therapy abrogates the effect of older RBC transfusions on infection with E. coli. Iron delivery to macrophages may be an underappreciated mechanism mediating, a... |
### Instruction:
Does celecoxib modulate nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species in kidney ischemia/reperfusion injury and rat aorta model of hypoxia/reoxygenation?
### Response:
| Celecoxib beneficially affects the outcome of renal IRI by lowering the expression of COX-2 and hence reducing oxidative stress and increasing the bioavailability of NO. Direct interaction between celecoxib and NO in associated vascular beds may also be a contributing mechanism. |
### Instruction:
Do an update on current pharmacotherapy options in atopic dermatitis?
### Response:
| Combination of future T(H)2-specific systemic treatment with optimal topical treatment with TCI, especially tacrolimus ointment, could help to completely control the skin inflammation in AD. The ultimate goal is to control AD completely, which should help to control the atopic airway disease as well. |
### Instruction:
Does anti-PD-1 antibody significantly increase therapeutic efficacy of Listeria monocytogenes ( Lm ) -LLO immunotherapy?
### Response:
| Our findings demonstrate that combination of Lm-LLO-based vaccine with blocking of PD-1/PD-L1 interaction is a feasible approach with clinical translation potential that can lead to overall enhancement of the efficacy of anti-tumor immunotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Is higher 25 ( OH ) D2 associated with lower 25 ( OH ) D3 and 1,25 ( OH ) 2D3?
### Response:
| In a cohort of older men, 25(OH)D2 is associated with lower levels of 25(OH)D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3, suggesting that vitamin D2 may decrease the availability of D3 and may not increase calcitriol levels. |
### Instruction:
Is risk of nephrolithiasis in primary hyperparathyroidism associated with two polymorphisms of the calcium-sensing receptor gene?
### Response:
| We conclude that the simultaneous presence of the minor allele at rs1501899 and Arg990Gly may amplify the kidney stone risk in PHPT patients, despite their apparently opposite effects on CASR function in the kidney. |
### Instruction:
Are synthetic neurotensin analogues nontoxic analgesics for the rabbit cornea?
### Response:
| Synthetic neurotensin analogues are potent analgesics that avoid the toxicities associated with established topical analgesic agents. Receptors for neurotensin are present in both the cornea and trigeminal ganglion. |
### Instruction:
Is mitochondrial biogenesis of astrocytes increased under experimental septic conditions?
### Response:
| Under septic conditions, mitochondrial biogenesis of astrocytes increased to meet the high-energy demand and to promote mitochondrial recovery. Furthermore, the TFAM-DNA binding ability was not sensitive to sepsis-induced injury. |
### Instruction:
Does egr-1 mediate chronic hypoxia-induced renal interstitial fibrosis via the PKC/ERK pathway?
### Response:
| Egr-1 may be an important regulator of the development of renal tubular EMT induced by hypoxia through the PKC/ERK pathway and the activation of Snail. Targeting Egr-1 expression or activity might be a novel therapeutic strategy to control renal fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Does a functional variant of PTPN22 confer risk for Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome but not for ankylosing spondylitis?
### Response:
| The study showed that a functional variant of PTPN22 confers risk for VKH syndrome but not for AAU+AS+ in a Chinese Han population, which may be due to a modulation of the PTPN22 expression, PBMC proliferation and IL-10 production. |
### Instruction:
Do patterns of hearing aid usage predict hearing aid use amount ( data logged and self-reported ) and overreport?
### Response:
| Data-logged and self-reported usage patterns significantly predicted data-logged hearing aid use, self-reported hearing aid use, and overreport when controlling for covariates. The results point to patterns of hearing aid usage as being at least as important a concept as amount of hearing aid use. Dispensers should dis... |
### Instruction:
Are salient measures of inhibition and switching associated with frontal lobe gray matter volume in healthy middle-aged and older adults?
### Response:
| The study highlights the importance of considering fundamental cognitive skills and the use of a statistical method taking possible complex relationships between predictor variables into account when interpreting standard EF test results. Further studies should include MRI measures representing neural networks that may... |
### Instruction:
Is re-intervention after uterine leiomyoma embolisation related to incomplete infarction and presence of submucous leiomyomas?
### Response:
| Complete infarction after UAE reduces the need for major re-interventions. Assessment of complete infarction may be considered to improve quality in UAE procedures. Patients with more than one submucous myoma at UAE may often have hysteroscopic removal of residual myomas. |
### Instruction:
Does long-term imatinib treatment cause testicular toxicity in male adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia and in a juvenile rat model?
### Response:
| With the limitation that the number of individuals tested was rather small, testicular toxicity due to TKI seems unlikely as no alterations of Testo and InB blood levels neither in male adolescent patients nor in rats under long-term TKI exposure was observed. |
### Instruction:
Is pretreatment for bilateral nephroblastomatosis an independent risk factor for progressive disease in patients with stage V nephroblastoma?
### Response:
| Pretreatment for nephroblastomatosis, metastasis and syndromes are independent risk factors. 1-3 preoperative treatment-cycles are sufficient to achieve save nephron-sparing-surgery in most patients. |
### Instruction:
Is the Identification of Seniors at Risk screening tool useful for predicting acute readmissions?
### Response:
| To identify elderly patients with a need for comprehensive geriatric assessment, we recommend that triage be supplemented with the ISAR screening. Furthermore, patients with a score of ≥ 2 should be assessed by the MGT so that a post-discharge plan including treatment/rehabilitation and follow-up may be drawn up. |
### Instruction:
Does work environment influence adverse events in an emergency department?
### Response:
| This study supports previous findings of severe underreporting to the mandatory national reporting system. The issue of reporting bias related to self-reported data should be born in mind. Among work environment issues, the patient safety climate and stress factors related to cognitive demands had the highest impact on... |
### Instruction:
Is the use of shared medication record as part of medication reconciliation at hospital admission feasible?
### Response:
| Integration of information on individuals' medication from a national SMR into a hospital EMR was feasible and useful, and it did not increase time expenditure for medication reconciliation. |
### Instruction:
Is not all acne acne vulgaris?
### Response:
| A variety of effective treatments for acne are available, depending on the severity of the condition. |
### Instruction:
Is ketoprofen more effective than diclofenac after oral surgery when used as a preemptive analgesic : a pilot study?
### Response:
| Intramuscular ketoprofen 100 mg is more effective than intramuscular diclofenac 75 mg after mandibular third molar extraction when used as a preemptive analgesic. |
### Instruction:
Does expression profiling of differentiating eosinophils in bone marrow cultures predict functional links between microRNAs and their target mRNAs?
### Response:
| This is the first study to map changes in miRNA expression in whole BM cultures during the differentiation of eosinophils, and to predict functional links between miRNAs and their target mRNAs for the regulation of eosinophilopoiesis. Our findings provide an important resource that will promote the platform for further... |
### Instruction:
Is for every complex problem , there an answer that is clear , simple and wrong : and other aphorisms about medical statistical fallacies?
### Response:
| Four implications are highlighted: one, there is an urgent need to develop a greater awareness of uncertainties and how to respond to them in clinical practice, namely, what is important and what is not in the context of this patient; two, there is an equally urgent need for health professionals to understand some basi... |
### Instruction:
Do early rehabilitative exercise training in the recovery from pediatric burn?
### Response:
| Early outpatient exercise training implemented at hospital discharge represents an effective intervention to improve muscle mass and function after severe burn injury. |
### Instruction:
Are social discrimination and resiliency associated with differences in prevalent HIV infection in black and white men who have sex with men?
### Response:
| Future studies of social discrimination at the institutional and network level, than at the individual level, may explain differences in HIV infection in black and white MSM. |
### Instruction:
Is aurora-A a novel predictor of poor prognosis in patients with resected lung adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Aur-A was overexpressed in lung ADC and overexpression of Aur-A might be a novel predictor for poor prognosis and potential therapeutic target in lung ADC. |
### Instruction:
Does minimizing interference with early consolidation boost 7-day retention in amnesic patients?
### Response:
| This striking 7-day memory boost via wakeful resting is remarkable, given that amnesic patients often struggle to remember new information over just a few minutes. Our novel findings indicate that there is substantial capacity for longer-term retention in patients with amnestic MCI/mild AD, and bolster the hypothesis t... |
### Instruction:
Are there only minor changes in quality of life in patients with Scheuermann 's disease?
### Response:
| SF-12 PCS is moderately, though highly statistically significantly worse in SD patients than in controls in this big group of twins. We found no statistical difference in SF-12 MCS between the two groups. SD patients evaluate their physical health worse and their mental health like controls. |
### Instruction:
Do dedicated emergency departments delay surgical treatment of acute appendicitis?
### Response:
| Introducing a new emergency service required an extra doctor for diagnosing appendicitis which delayed the overall time to definitive treatment by nearly 2.5 hours. |
### Instruction:
Is in Denmark kidney transplantation more cost-effective than dialysis?
### Response:
| The cost-effectiveness ratio was favourable for kidney transplantation when compared with dialysis. In view of this, it was concluded that transplantation is preferable to dialysis when treating patients with end-stage renal disease. |
### Instruction:
Is non-invasive ventilation less efficient in pneumonia than in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation?
### Response:
| NIV is less effective in the treatment of ARF due to pneumonia than in the treatment of ARF due to acute exacerbation in COPD. |
### Instruction:
Does lon protease affect the RdxA nitroreductase activity and metronidazole susceptibility in Helicobacter pylori?
### Response:
| Metronidazole resistance of H. pylori causes the serious medical problem worldwide. In this study, HpLon is involved in metronidazole susceptibility among H. pylori strains. We provide the evidence that HpLon alters RdxA activity in vitro. The decrease in metronidazole activation caused by HpLon is possibly prior to ac... |
### Instruction:
Are lower etanercept levels associated with high disease activity in ankylosing spondylitis patients at 24 weeks of follow-up?
### Response:
| Disease activity and inflammation are associated with etanercept levels in patients with AS at 24 weeks of treatment. Measuring etanercept levels might help in identifying overtreatment and undertreatment and optimise etanercept therapy in AS. |
### Instruction:
Does baxΔ2 promote apoptosis through caspase-8 activation in microsatellite-unstable colon cancer?
### Response:
| "Bax-negative" colorectal tumors expressing a Bax isoform are sensitive to selective chemotherapeutics. |
### Instruction:
Are profound defects in β-cell function in screen-detected type 2 diabetes improved with glucose-lowering treatment in the Early Diabetes Intervention Program ( EDIP )?
### Response:
| Insulin secretion is already severely impaired in early, screen-detected type 2 diabetes. Effective glucose-lowering intervention with acarbose was not sufficient to improve insulin secretion or halt the decline of β-cell function. |
### Instruction:
Is b-type natriuretic peptide a major predictor of ventricular tachyarrhythmias?
### Response:
| In this study, elevated baseline NT-proBNP and BNP levels are independently associated with the risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmias, which significantly exceeds the risk for total mortality, in multivariable analysis. |
### Instruction:
Is pain associated with recurrent falls in community-dwelling older adults : evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis?
### Response:
| Older adults with pain are at particularly increased risk of recurrent falls. Clinicians working with recurrent fallers should routinely assess pain while pain specialists should inquire about older adults' falls history. |
### Instruction:
Are abdominal aortic aneurysm calcification and thrombus volume associated with outcome following endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair?
### Response:
| AAA calcification and thrombus volume were not associated with poorer outcome after EVAR in this study. |
### Instruction:
Does urotensin II promote monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression in aortic adventitial fibroblasts of rat?
### Response:
| UII may stimulate MCP-1 expression in rat aortic adventitial fibroblasts through its receptor and Rho kinase, PKC, mitogen-activated protein kinase, calcineurin and Ca(2+) channel signal transduction, thus contributing to adventitial inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Does vagotomy induce deregulation of the inflammatory response during the development of amoebic liver abscess in hamsters?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the vagus nerve plays an important role in the regulation of inflammation during ALA formation. |
### Instruction:
Does comprehensive metabolomic study of platelets reveal the expression of discrete metabolic phenotypes during storage?
### Response:
| PSL is not associated with a linear decay of metabolism, but rather with successive metabolic shifts. These findings may give new insight into the mechanisms underlying PSL and encourage the deployment of systems biology methods to PSL. |
### Instruction:
Is false discovery rate control a recommended alternative to Bonferroni-type adjustments in health studies?
### Response:
| Although still unfamiliar to many health researchers, the use of false discovery rate control in the context of multiple testing can provide a solid basis for drawing conclusions about statistical significance. |
### Instruction:
Is secondhand tobacco exposure associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in children?
### Response:
| We found an association of secondhand smoke exposure and NAFLD in children. This may represent an area for future prevention efforts. |
### Instruction:
Is the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 7 rs3792452 polymorphism associated with the response to methylphenidate in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder?
### Response:
| The present study suggests that the GRM7 rs37952452 polymorphism may play a role in the treatment response to methylphenidate in children with ADHD. Further studies to evaluate the association between glutamate genes and treatment response to methylphenidate in children with ADHD, including a replication of our finding... |
### Instruction:
Does phospholipases A-II ( PLA2-II ) induce acute pancreatitis through activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that PLA2-II induces acute pancreatitis through activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. siRNA mediated gene knockdown of PLA2-II relieves pancreatitis severity at least partly mediated by the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and proinflammatory cytokine synthesis. |
### Instruction:
Is vitamin D deficiency independently associated with the extent of coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| Hypovitaminosis D was observed in the vast majority of patients undergoing coronary angiography. Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with the prevalence and extent of CAD, especially for patients with values < 10 ng/mL. Therefore, future large studies are needed to evaluate whether vitamin D supplementatio... |
### Instruction:
Is microRNA-150 a potential biomarker of HIV/AIDS disease progression and therapy?
### Response:
| We report for the first time that PBMC and plasma levels of miR-150 and miR-146b-5p are predictive of HIV/AIDS disease progression and therapy. |
### Instruction:
Do gemcitabine and CHK1 inhibition potentiate EGFR-directed radioimmunotherapy against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Our study developed an effective combination therapy against PDAC that has potential in the treatment of PDAC. |
### Instruction:
Does pump size of Berlin Heart EXCOR pediatric device influence clinical outcome in children?
### Response:
| The broad range of body sizes in children from newborns to adolescents requires a wide choice of appropriately sized devices. Large pump size in relation to BSA is an independent risk factor for occurrence of thromboembolic events. |
### Instruction:
Does galectin-3 regulate hepatic progenitor cell expansion during liver injury?
### Response:
| We conclude that Gal-3 is required for the undifferentiated expansion of HPCs in their niche in injured liver. |
### Instruction:
Does genome-wide association scan in north Indians reveal three novel HLA-independent risk loci for ulcerative colitis?
### Response:
| This study shows varying contribution of the HLA region to UC in different populations. Different environmental exposures and the characteristic genetic structure of the HLA locus across ethnic groups collectively make it amenable to the discovery of causative alleles by transethnic resequencing. This may lead to an im... |
### Instruction:
Does recent chemotherapy reduce the maximum-standardized uptake value of 18F-fluoro-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| The results indicate that the M-SUV of FDG-PET/CT should be interpreted in the context of concurrent chemotherapy. |
### Instruction:
Is proton pump inhibitor use before percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy associated with adverse outcomes?
### Response:
| PPI use may be associated with adverse outcomes in patients with PEG; however, further prospective studies investigating this issue are warranted. |
### Instruction:
Does mest attenuate CCl4-induced liver fibrosis in rats by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway?
### Response:
| We found that Mest attenuates liver fibrosis by repressing β-catenin expression, which provides a new therapeutic approach for treating liver fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Do low pepsinogen I level predicts multiple gastric epithelial neoplasias for endoscopic resection?
### Response:
| Low pepsinogen I levels predict multiple GENs after endoscopic resection, especially synchronous GENs. Cautious endoscopic examination prior to endoscopic resection to detect multiple GENs should be performed for these patients. |
### Instruction:
Does gallstone disease predict liver histology in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease?
### Response:
| The presence of GD is not independently associated with advanced fibrosis and definite NASH in adult Turkish patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD. |
### Instruction:
Does rAC1b overexpression correlate with poor prognosis in KRAS/BRAF WT metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with first-line FOLFOX/XELOX chemotherapy?
### Response:
| RAC1b overexpression constitutes a marker of poor prognosis in KRAS/BRAF WT mCRC patients treated with first-line FOLFOX/XELOX therapy. |
### Instruction:
Does inhibition of autophagy significantly enhance combination therapy with sorafenib and HDAC inhibitors for human hepatoma cells?
### Response:
| HDACIs can sensitize HCC cells to sorafenib treatment by regulating the acetylation level of Beclin-1. |
### Instruction:
Is occupational secondhand smoke the main determinant of hair nicotine concentrations in bar and restaurant workers?
### Response:
| Personal air nicotine concentration at working hours was the major determinant of hair nicotine concentrations in non-smoking employees from Santiago, Chile. Secondhand tobacco smoke exposure during working hours is a health hazard for hospitality employees working in venues where smoking is allowed. |
### Instruction:
Is non-melanoma skin cancer reduced after switch of immunosuppression to mTOR-inhibitors in organ transplant recipients?
### Response:
| Switch of the immunosuppressive regimen to mTOR-inhibitors should be considered for organ transplant recipients suffering from multiple non-melanoma skin cancers. |
### Instruction:
Does wnt/β-catenin signaling regulate the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells through the p53 pathway?
### Response:
| Wnt/β-catenin regulated the proliferation and differentiation of MPCs through the p53 pathway. |
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