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### Instruction:
Are cognitive impairments associated with periventricular white matter hyperintensities mediated by cortical atrophy?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the association between PWMHs and cognitive impairments is mediated by cortical thinning. |
### Instruction:
Do patients referred with type 2 diabetes remain in specialist care for a long period?
### Response:
| The complication level was high even among discharged patients. The long duration of the contact for the patients who were returned to primary health care should stimulate initiatives leading to a faster course in the secondary care setting. |
### Instruction:
Do general practitioners systematically adhere to regional recommendations on treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections?
### Response:
| Pivmecillinam dominated the treatment of uUTIs, whereas sulfamethizole prevailed in the regional recommendations, which suggests a lack of adherence to regional recommendations. |
### Instruction:
Is femoral bone and cartilage wear predictable at 0° and 90° in the osteoarthritic knee treated with total knee arthroplasty?
### Response:
| As a general guideline, adjustment for femoral bone wear is rarely required when performing kinematically aligned TKA. Most osteoarthritic knees require adjustment of the distal referencing guide to compensate for cartilage wear on the medial femoral condyle in the varus knee and the lateral femoral condyle in the valg... |
### Instruction:
Is daptomycin safe and effective for the treatment of gram-positive cocci infections in solid organ transplantation?
### Response:
| In summary, daptomycin was a safe and useful treatment for GPC infection in SOT recipients. |
### Instruction:
Do atypical antipsychotic drugs inhibit trabecular bone accrual in C57BL/6J mice?
### Response:
| AADs inhibited trabecular bone accrual in C57BL/6J mice suggesting that alternative treatment options may need to be considered for the schizophrenia patient with potential osteoporosis risk. |
### Instruction:
Is borderline ankle-brachial index value of 0.91-0.99 associated with endothelial dysfunction?
### Response:
| ABI of 0.91-0.99 is associated with endothelial dysfunction. ABI examination is a simple and cost-effective method for obtaining the additional information on the initial step of atherosclerosis beyond the assessment of peripheral artery disease. |
### Instruction:
Does a sonographic lesion index for Crohn 's disease help monitor changes in transmural bowel damage during therapy?
### Response:
| Sonographic assessment using the quantitative index SLIC can be used to monitor changes in transmural bowel damage during anti-TNF therapy for CD. |
### Instruction:
Does corpus callosum atrophy correlate with gray matter atrophy in patients with multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| Measurement of atrophy of the corpus callosum can have sensitivity as a useful imaging biomarker in patients with MS, even in patients with low disability levels. Both gray and white matter involvement in MS contribute to corpus callosum atrophy. |
### Instruction:
Do abnormal plasma clot structure and stability distinguish bleeding risk in patients with severe factor XI deficiency?
### Response:
| Plasma clot structure and stability assays distinguished non-bleeders from bleeders. These assays may reveal hemostatic mechanisms in FXI-deficient patients and have clinical utility for assessing the risk of bleeding. |
### Instruction:
Are 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels related to hyperinsulinemia in polycystic ovary syndrome?
### Response:
| Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were related to hyperinsulinemia in women with PCOS. |
### Instruction:
Does semantic dementia show both storage and access disorders of semantic memory?
### Response:
| These results suggest that SD patients have both storage and access disorders and have more severe access disorder than patients with AD. |
### Instruction:
Does autophagy inhibition improve chemosensitivity in BRAF ( V600E ) brain tumors?
### Response:
| Autophagy inhibition may improve cancer therapy, but it is unclear which tumors will benefit. We found that BRAF mutations cause brain tumor cells to depend on autophagy and display selective chemosensitization with autophagy inhibition. We present a pediatric case in which deliberate autophagy inhibition halted tumor ... |
### Instruction:
Is vDR activity differentially affected by Hic-5 in prostate cancer and stromal cells?
### Response:
| Hic-5 acts as a coregulator with distinct effects on VDR transactivation, in prostate cancer and stromal cells, and may exert diverse effects on adjuvant therapy designed to exploit VDR activity in prostate cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is epithelial to mesenchymal transition associated with shorter disease-free survival in hepatocellular carcinoma?
### Response:
| Analysis of surgically resected tumors suggests that EMT is involved in early disease recurrence in HCC. Twist-1 and Zeb-2 might be important for inducing EMT, and IL-6 might be a potential therapeutic target for alleviating the chemoresistance of mesenchymal HCC tumors. |
### Instruction:
Is microvascular decompression surgery effective for the laterocollis subtype of spasmodic torticollis : a long-term follow-up result?
### Response:
| In the cases of confirmed accessory nerve compression, the MVD could be considered as a treatment alternative for ST, especially for the LC subtypes. |
### Instruction:
Does creatine supplementation prevent acute strength loss induced by concurrent exercise?
### Response:
| In conclusion, the acute interference effect on strength performance observed in concurrent exercise may be counteracted by CR supplementation. |
### Instruction:
Are care transitions between hospitals associated with treatment delay for patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer?
### Response:
| Patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer who underwent a care transition were more likely to experience a treatment delay of 3 months or greater. Strategies to expedite care transitions at the time of hospital referral may improve quality of care. |
### Instruction:
Does temporal pattern of vesicoureteral reflux on voiding cystourethrogram correlate with dynamic endoscopic hydrodistention grade of ureteral orifice?
### Response:
| Hydrodistention grade correlates with vesicoureteral reflux grade, timing of reflux and injected volume. Early to mid filling vesicoureteral reflux is associated with abnormal hydrodistention (grade 2 to 3). Temporal pattern of vesicoureteral reflux on voiding cystourethrogram may be used to predict ureteral orifice co... |
### Instruction:
Are eEG patterns compatible with nonconvulsive status epilepticus common in elderly patients with delirium : a prospective study with continuous EEG monitoring?
### Response:
| Electroencephalographic patterns compatible with NCSE are found in 28% of elderly with delirium when cEEG monitoring is performed. No clinical or paraclinical parameter can reliably distinguish elderly patients with delirium with or without patterns compatible with NCSE in the absence of cEEG monitoring. Elderly patien... |
### Instruction:
Does coating doxorubicin-loaded nanocapsules with alginate enhance therapeutic efficacy against Leishmania in hamsters by inducing Th1-type immune responses?
### Response:
| Our results provide insights into the development of an alternative approach to improved management of leishmaniasis through a combination of chemotherapy with stimulation of the innate immune system. |
### Instruction:
Are eRCP-directed radiofrequency ablation and photodynamic therapy associated with comparable survival in the treatment of unresectable cholangiocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Retrospective, single-center design. |
### Instruction:
Is insulin-like growth factor-I receptor stimulating activity associated with dementia?
### Response:
| Higher levels of IGF-I receptor stimulating activity are associated with a higher prevalence and with a higher incidence of dementia. These results suggest that IGF-I increases in response to neuropathological changes in dementia and could reflect a state of IGF-I resistance in dementia. |
### Instruction:
Are an inactive lifestyle and low physical fitness associated with functional somatic symptoms in adolescents . The TRAILS study?
### Response:
| An inactive lifestyle is associated with increased FSS in adolescents. Only part of this association is shared with low physical fitness. |
### Instruction:
Do load-controlled moderate and high-intensity resistance training programs provoke similar strength gains in young women?
### Response:
| Training at lower than commonly suggested intensities may be an equally effective alternative form of RT. Factors other than training intensity, such as the total mechanical work during training, may strongly affect the training response. |
### Instruction:
Do regional MRI perfusion measures predict motor/executive function in patients with clinically isolated syndrome?
### Response:
| Impaired executive function in CIS patients correlated positively with elevated regional CBV values thought to reflect inflammatory processes. |
### Instruction:
Does serum and urinary NGAL but not KIM-1 raise in human postrenal AKI?
### Response:
| High levels of sNGAL and uNGAL observed in stone-induced acute obstructive nephropathy may represent a valuable marker of postrenal AKI. Low uKIM-1 levels may help to discriminate postrenal AKI events using a panel of markers in this setting. |
### Instruction:
Does the Tc1/mariner transposable element family shape genetic variation and gene expression in the protist Trichomonas vaginalis?
### Response:
| Our study is the first in T. vaginalis to describe Tvmar1 population dynamics and its contribution to genetic variability of the parasite. We show that a majority of our studied Tvmar1 insertion loci exist at very low frequencies in the global population, and insertions are variable between geographical isolates. In ad... |
### Instruction:
Is tribbles expression in cumulus cells related to oocyte maturation and fatty acid metabolism?
### Response:
| TRIB1 and TRIB3 were more strongly expressed whereas TRIB2 was less expressed in CC surrounding the oocytes from preovulatory follicles than in CC of immature ones. In CC, Tribbles were located in the cytoplasm and nucleus; in mitotic cells TRIB2 and TRIB3 were detected in the spindle. In the oocyte, Tribbles proteins ... |
### Instruction:
Does adenovirus expressing IFN-λ1 ( IL-29 ) attenuate allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperreactivity in experimental asthma?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that delivery of the Ad-hIFN-λ1 can mitigate allergic airway inflammation in experimental asthma. The potent immunoregulatory action of IFN-λ1 may offer a novel therapeutic approach to treat allergic asthma. |
### Instruction:
Does isotonic intravenous maintenance fluid reduce hospital acquired hyponatremia in young children with central nervous system infections?
### Response:
| Administration of 0.9 % saline in 5 % dextrose as intravenous maintenance fluid in children with CNS infection leads to significantly less incidence of hyponatremia when compared to that with hypotonic fluids. |
### Instruction:
Do lAPCs contribute to the pathogenesis of allergen-induced allergic airway inflammation in mice?
### Response:
| Together, these data suggest an important role for LAPCs in polarizing the Th2 response in mouse models of allergic airway inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Is intracerebral hemorrhage mortality changing despite declining incidence?
### Response:
| ICH incidence decreased over the past decade, but case fatality and long-term mortality were unchanged. This suggests that primary prevention efforts may be improving over time, but more work is needed to improve ICH treatment and reduce the risk of death. |
### Instruction:
Do emergency physicians maintain performance on the American Board of Emergency Medicine Continuous Certification ( ConCert ) examination?
### Response:
| Over time, EP performance on the ConCert examination was maintained. These results suggest that EPs maintain medical knowledge over the course of their careers as measured by a validated, summative medical knowledge assessment. |
### Instruction:
Are triglycerides and ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol better than liver enzymes to identify insulin resistance in urban middle-aged and older non-obese Chinese without diabetes?
### Response:
| TG and TG/HDL-C ratio could be used to identify IR in urban middle-aged and older non-obese Chinese without diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Does comprehensive gene expression meta-analysis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma microarray data define a robust survival predictor?
### Response:
| We have identified and validated a prognostic model based on the expression of 172 genes, independent from HPV status and able to improve assessment of patient's risk of relapse compared with other molecular signatures. In order to transpose our model into a useful clinical grade assay, additional work is needed follow... |
### Instruction:
Is lymphatic function impaired following irradiation of a single lymph node?
### Response:
| Irradiation of the popliteal lymph node impaired lymph transport and increased the pressure required to maintain flow through the system. New vessel formation and the growth of lymph-venous anastomoses indicated the development of alternative drainage pathways as a compensatory response. |
### Instruction:
Do relaxin-3 mRNA levels in nucleus incertus correlate with alcohol and sucrose intake in rats?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest high endogenous relaxin-3 expression may be associated with higher intake of rewarding substances, rather than its expression being regulated in response to their intake, consistent with an active role for the relaxin-3/RXFP3 system in modulating ingestive and alcohol-related behaviours. |
### Instruction:
Is persistent disability a risk factor for late-onset mental disorder after serious injury?
### Response:
| Although there is a necessary focus on the early detection and treatment of mental disorders after injury, attention to later onset disorders is also required for those with persistent pain and physical disability. |
### Instruction:
Does unemployment under the flex job scheme increase the risk of permanent social security benefits?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrates that attention should be paid to the flex job scheme, especially for those who do not obtain employment within the first three months. |
### Instruction:
Does anti-oxidant N-acetylcysteine diminish diesel exhaust-induced increased airway responsiveness in person with airway hyper-reactivity?
### Response:
| Anti-oxidant (N-acetylcysteine) supplementation protects against increased airway responsiveness associated with DE inhalation and reduces need for supplement bronchodilators in those with baseline airway hyper-responsiveness. Individuals with variants in genes of oxidative stress metabolism when exposed to DE are prot... |
### Instruction:
Does changes in hematocrit following a blood transfusion influence the risk for necrotizing enterocolitis : A case-control study?
### Response:
| The onset of NEC following transfusion occurs with a frequency that invites investigation regarding causation. Our data indicates no association between the beginning and ending hematocrit values and TANEC in our patient population. |
### Instruction:
Does treatment of sleep apnoea syndrome decrease cognitive decline in patients with Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| In this pilot study, CPAP treatment of severe SAS in mild-to-moderate AD patients was associated with significantly slower cognitive decline over a three-year follow-up period. Our results emphasise the importance of detecting and treating SAS in this population. |
### Instruction:
Is low-grade proteinuria highly prevalent in HIV-positive patients on antiretroviral treatment?
### Response:
| Low-grade, glomerular and tubular proteinuria are highly prevalent in this large white HIV cohort. Older age represents a nonmodifiable risk factor for all forms of proteinuria. Glomerular proteinuria is associated with modifiable cardiovascular, but not HIV-related risk factors, whereas tubular proteinuria is linked t... |
### Instruction:
Are persistent periventricular echogenicities in preterms related to smaller brains at term-equivalent age?
### Response:
| This study indicates that an ultrasound diagnosis of ncPVL should not be used as a sole predictor of lower brain growth detectable at TEA. |
### Instruction:
Does interferon beta treatment of multiple sclerosis increase serum interleukin-7?
### Response:
| MS patients undergoing IFNβ treatment have increased serum IL-7 levels and decreased IL-7 consumption. Given IL-7's important role in T-cell immunity, this relationship may be highly relevant for IFNβ's treatment efficacy. |
### Instruction:
Does ventricular hypertrophy amplify transmural dispersion of repolarization by preferentially increasing the late sodium current in endocardium?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that LVH increased the INa-L preferentially in the endocardium over the epicardium, which contributes importantly to the stronger rate-dependent change in repolarization and longer APD in the endocardium. This results in an amplified TDR capable of initiating EAD and ventricular arrhythmias. |
### Instruction:
Are patients on subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy at risk of intramuscular injections?
### Response:
| Most patients receiving subcutaneous immunotherapy have a skin-to-muscle depth less than the needle length of a standard allergy syringe (13 mm). These patients are at risk of receiving injections intramuscularly, which may increase the risk of anaphylaxis. Using a syringe with a needle length of 4 mm given at a 45° an... |
### Instruction:
Does cabazitaxel remain Active in Patients Progressing After Docetaxel Followed by Novel Androgen Receptor Pathway Targeted Therapies?
### Response:
| A total of 79 patients who had progressive mCRPC after docetaxel (median: 8 cycles; range: 4-12 mo), and AA (median: 4.8 mo; range:1-55 mo) received cabazitaxel 25mg/m(2) every 3 weeks (median: 6 cycles; range:1-15 cycles). A PSA decline ≥30% was achieved in 48 patients (62%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 51-73), and a... |
### Instruction:
Do run-off studies demonstrate parallel transport behaviour for a marker of poultry fecal contamination and Staphylococcus aureus?
### Response:
| Correlation of LA35 with FIB and pathogens in run-off from poultry litter-amended fields suggest comparable transport mechanisms and that LA35 is a useful tracer for harmful bacteria in the environment released from poultry litter. |
### Instruction:
Are single nucleotide polymorphisms of the interleukin-33 ( IL-33 ) gene associated with ankylosing spondylitis in Chinese individuals : a case-control pilot study?
### Response:
| The results suggest that SNPs and the TTCG haplotype of the IL-33 gene are associated with the development of AS in a Chinese Han population. |
### Instruction:
Do signet ring cells in esophageal and gastroesophageal junction carcinomas have a more aggressive biological behavior?
### Response:
| SRCs are aggressive neoplasms associated with poorer prognosis than other ADCs after primary esophagectomy. Because our data suggest that pretreatment biopsies failed to reliably define presence of SRC > 50%, presence of SRCs in pretreatment biopsies seems to be of no use to define treatment strategy or prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Is e-selectin S128R polymorphism associated with cancer risk : a meta-analysis?
### Response:
| Our meta-analysis revealed that there was association between the E-selectin S128R polymorphism and the risk of cancer. Further large and well-designed studies are needed to confirm this association. |
### Instruction:
Are hürthle cell neoplasms diagnosed by fine needle aspiration associated with an increased risk of malignancy?
### Response:
| The risks of neoplasm and malignancy were 62 and 7% for the AUS-H category and 73 and 24% for the HCN category, respectively. The risk of malignancy for the AUS-H patients is within the 5- to 15-percent range suggested by the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology and within the 15- to 30-percent range suggeste... |
### Instruction:
Do allotransplanted DRG neurons or Schwann cells affect functional recovery in a rodent model of sciatic nerve injury?
### Response:
| These results suggest that in complete peripheral nerve transections, surgical repair using nerve guide conduits with allotransplanted DRG and Schwann cells may improve recovery, especially DRG neurons, which elicit less of an immune response. |
### Instruction:
Do women have a preference for their male partner to be HPV vaccinated?
### Response:
| Women preferred a HPV vaccinated male partner. Peer messaging might change the male HPV vaccination uptake. |
### Instruction:
Does mK-571 attenuate kidney ischemia and reperfusion-induced airway hypersensitivity in rats?
### Response:
| Kidney I/R injury induces airway hypersensitivity to methacholine challenge test and inflammatory response and oxidative stress in the lungs. Treatment with MK-571, a leukotriene D4 inhibitor, effectively attenuates airway hypersensitivity, pulmonary inflammatory response, and lung and kidney injury. |
### Instruction:
Does serum fatty acid profile reflect seafood intake in adolescents with atopic eczema?
### Response:
| Serum LCPUFA pattern was similar in allergic and nonallergic adolescents. Fatty acid metabolism may be altered in atopic eczema subjects, suggested by poor correlations between fatty acid intake and serum levels. |
### Instruction:
Is assessment of palliative need in patients with chronic kidney disease by the new Three Levels of Need Questionnaire ( 3LNQ ) exhaustive?
### Response:
| The 3LNQ is usable to indicate problem intensity and unmet needs in patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4. However, the questionnaire does not cover all the problems from which patients with chronic kidney disease suffer. Further research into the complexity of need of specialised palliative care for these patie... |
### Instruction:
Does implementing video cases in clinical paediatric teaching increase medical students ' self-assessed confidence?
### Response:
| A video case supplement to teaching in clinical paediatrics was considered to be of value for teaching. We were successful in establishing an educational resource that students considered useful. Internal and external examiners found that a short video case was a valuable supplementary tool during the oral examination. |
### Instruction:
Is dynamic cerebral autoregulation compromised in ischaemic stroke of undetermined aetiology only in the non-affected hemisphere?
### Response:
| During the first days of ischaemic stroke of undetermined aetiology, dynamic cerebral autoregulation is compromised in the non-affected hemisphere, but not in the hemisphere with ischaemic lesion. |
### Instruction:
Are cardiovascular disease risk factors elevated in urban minority children enrolled in head start?
### Response:
| Continued efforts to treat and prevent elevated weight are urgently needed for minority preschoolers. Attention to CVD screening may be an important target in school, community, and healthcare arenas for minority populations regardless of weight status. |
### Instruction:
Is baseline abdominal lipid partitioning associated with the metabolic response to bariatric surgery?
### Response:
| RYGB and SG induce a similar effect on abdominal fat mobilization. The metabolic effects in individual patients are mostly determined by their baseline abdominal lipid partitioning. |
### Instruction:
Does sociocultural and health correlate related to colorectal cancer screening adherence among urban African Americans?
### Response:
| The results indicate that certain sociocultural variables are related to colonoscopy. However, those same variables may not be related to or predictive of fecal occult blood test adherence. The diagnosis of diabetes may present a challenge to CRC screening adherence. |
### Instruction:
Does the accessory gene regulator ( agr ) control Staphylococcus aureus virulence in a murine intracranial abscesses model?
### Response:
| Our data suggested that the agr system of S. aureus is an important virulence determinant in the induction and mortality of intracranial abscesses in mice. |
### Instruction:
Is remission of Graves ' disease related to early restoration of euthyroidism with high-dose methimazole therapy?
### Response:
| Initially, higher methimazole doses with rapid progressive decrease to maintenance dose result in similar remission rates and are followed by similar incidence of adverse side-effect as fixed low dose therapy. Our results indicate that neither an early restoration of euthyroidism nor the difference in methimazole doses... |
### Instruction:
Does vestibular migraine have higher correlation with carsickness than non-vestibular migraine and Meniere 's disease?
### Response:
| Both patients with definite VM and probable VM were more susceptible to carsickness than the patients with NVM or MD. This reinforces the theory of vestibular hypersensitivity in VM. We suggest that a past history of carsickness may help in the diagnosis of VM, and especially in distinguishing VM from MD. |
### Instruction:
Does miR-29a modulate neuronal differentiation through targeting REST in mesenchymal stem cells?
### Response:
| miR-29a regulates neurogenic markers through targeting REST in mesenchymal stem cells, which provides advances in neuronal differentiation research and stem cell therapy for neurodegenerative diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is concomitant coronary intervention associated with poorer early and late clinical outcomes in selected elderly patients receiving transcatheter aortic valve implantation?
### Response:
| Concomitant PCI is--when based on current heart team practice--associated with increased early and late mortality in selected elderly patients undergoing TAVI. |
### Instruction:
Does tGF-β1-induced phospholamban expression alter esophageal smooth muscle cell contraction in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis?
### Response:
| We describe a previously unrecognized mechanism for ESM cell contraction that depends on TGF-β1, its receptors, and PLN. Because PLN levels are increased in smooth muscle from patients with EoE and PLN silencing diminishes contraction, we provide a novel potential mechanistic framework and therapeutic target for ESM dy... |
### Instruction:
Does three-dimensional interactions of mean body and local skin temperatures in the control of hand and foot blood flow?
### Response:
| These observations identified the hands as heat radiators, with the feet resisting heat loss, and reinforce the dominance of central thermal feedback, particularly in controlling foot blood flow. However, thermosensitivity to local skin temperature changes was highly plastic, site-specific and dictated by thermal and r... |
### Instruction:
Does pulmonary veins to left atrium cycle length gradient predict procedural and clinical outcomes of persistent atrial fibrillation ablation?
### Response:
| The PV to LA CL gradient may identify the subset of patients in whom persistent AF is likely to terminate after PV isolation or limited substrate ablation and better long-term outcomes are achieved. |
### Instruction:
Are neonatal seizures accompanied by diffuse cerebral white matter lesions on diffusion-weighted imaging associated with rotavirus infection?
### Response:
| Rotavirus infection should be considered in neonates with seizures accompanied by diffuse cerebral white matter lesions on DWI, particularly around 5 days of life. |
### Instruction:
Does prolonged morphine treatment alter δ opioid receptor post-internalization trafficking?
### Response:
| The results support the hypothesis that prolonged morphine treatment induces the formation of MOP-DOP receptor interactions and subsequent augmentation of the available cell surface DOP receptors, at least some of which are in the form of a MOP/DOP receptor species. The pharmacology and trafficking of this species appe... |
### Instruction:
Does helicobacter pylori dwelling on the apical surface of gastrointestinal epithelium damage the mucosal barrier through direct contact?
### Response:
| Helicobacter pylori dwelling on the apical surface of the gastrointestinal epithelium could directly induce serious injury of the mucosal barrier, and the new methods outlined here, based on the Boyden Chamber system, could be very useful for studying the relationships between bacteria and their target cells. |
### Instruction:
Is cord blood insulin-like peptide 3 ( INSL3 ) but not testosterone reduced in idiopathic cryptorchidism?
### Response:
| INSL3 but not testosterone is decreased at birth in idiopathic cryptorchidism, especially in transient forms. This hormonal decrease may contribute to the impaired testicular descent along with genetic and anatomical factors. Whether foetal environment (nutritional and/or toxicological) interferes with INSL3 secretion ... |
### Instruction:
Are angiopoietin-2 and biliary diseases : elevated serum , but not bile levels associated with cholangiocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Circulating Angpt-2 in serum might be a promising protein candidate locally derived from the tumor vasculature in patients with CC. Measurement of Angpt-2 in serum may be useful for diagnosis and further clinical management of patients with CC. |
### Instruction:
Do 3β,5α,6β-Cholestanetriol and 25-hydroxycholesterol accumulate in ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 ( ABCG1 ) -deficiency?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that 25-HC and CT are physiologic substrates for ABCG1. Excessive accumulation of these oxysterols may explain the increased rate of cell death and the inflammatory phenotype observed in Abcg1-deficient animals and cells. |
### Instruction:
Does physician specialty influence important aspects of pediatric asthma management?
### Response:
| Patient management domains with the greatest room for discretion (investigations, comorbid diagnoses, and treatment with ICS among children with normal lung function) are most heavily influenced by physician specialty. These results have implications for asthma management at the patient level and in future practice gui... |
### Instruction:
Does a multifaceted intervention for patients with anaphylaxis increase epinephrine use in adult emergency department?
### Response:
| Significantly higher proportions of patients with anaphylaxis received epinephrine and were admitted to the ED observation unit after introduction of epinephrine autoinjectors and order set implementation. Slightly more than half of the biphasic reactions occurred within the recommended observation time of 4 to 6 hours... |
### Instruction:
Does fibulin-1 predict disease progression in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
### Response:
| Fibulin-1 is a novel potential biomarker for disease progression in IPF and raises the possibility that it could be used as a target for the development of new treatments. |
### Instruction:
Does strategic approach for assessment and minimization of matrix effect in ligand-binding assays?
### Response:
| These strategic approaches have enhanced the management of matrix effect in LBA. |
### Instruction:
Does integrin αII b tail distal of GFFKR participate in inside-out αII b β3 activation?
### Response:
| The αII b tail sequences distal of GFFKR participate in talin-mediated inside-out αII b β3 activation through its steric clashes with β3 -bound talin. |
### Instruction:
Does pHEX mimetic ( SPR4-peptide ) correct and improves HYP and wild type mice energy-metabolism?
### Response:
| ASARM peptides and motifs are physiological substrates for PHEX and modulate osteocyte PHEX-DMP1-α5β3-integrin interactions and thereby FGF23 expression. These interactions also provide a nexus that regulates bone and energy metabolism. SPR4 suppression of sclerostin and/or sequestration of ASARM-peptides improves ener... |
### Instruction:
Is high liposomal doxorubicin tumour tissue distribution , as determined by radiopharmaceutical labelling with ( 99m ) Tc-LD , associated with the response and survival of patients with unresectable pleural mesothelioma treated with a combination of liposomal doxorubicin and cisplatin?
### Response:
| (99m)Tc-DL uptake in tumour tissue could define a set of patients who would benefit from this chemotherapy regimen. |
### Instruction:
Do novel TAZ modulators enhance myogenic differentiation and muscle regeneration?
### Response:
| The novel TAZ modulators TM-53 and TM-54 accelerated myogenic differentiation and improved muscle regeneration and function after injury, demonstrating that low MW compounds targeting the nuclear localization of TAZ have beneficial effects in skeletal muscle regeneration and in recovery from muscle degenerative disease... |
### Instruction:
Does oral 2-hydroxyoleic acid inhibit reflex hypersensitivity and open-field-induced anxiety after spared nerve injury?
### Response:
| Oral administration of the modified omega 9 fatty acid, 2-OHOA, mediates antinociception and prevents open-field-induced anxiety in the SNI model in Wistar rats, which is mediated by an inhibition of spinal dorsal horn microglia activation. |
### Instruction:
Is intraoperative conversion from off-pump to on-pump coronary artery bypass associated with increased 30-day hospital readmission?
### Response:
| Intraoperative conversions from OPCAB to CCB are associated with a higher rate of postoperative hospital readmission and infection. |
### Instruction:
Is selective muscle contraction during plantarflexion incompatible with maximal voluntary torque assessment?
### Response:
| The results of this study suggest that using isolated contractions, hence constrained testing protocols, cannot provide optimal conditions for MVC testing, notably for plantarflexor muscles, which seem to be extremely sensitive to such constrained conditions. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma levels of active Von Willebrand factor increased in patients with first ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction : a multicenter and multiethnic study?
### Response:
| We found evidence that plasma levels of active VWF are an independent risk factor for first STEMI in patients from three different ethnic groups. Our findings confirm the presence of VWF abnormalities in patients with STEMI and may be used to develop new therapeutic approaches. |
### Instruction:
Do arteriovenous grafts have higher secondary patency in the short term compared with autologous fistulae?
### Response:
| AVG can be maintained with higher rates of secondary patency in the short term and are no different in the long term. This result suggests that in patients with limited life expectancy an AVG may be an effective alternative to an AVF to reduce both catheter time and associated complications. |
### Instruction:
Is prostate cancer incidence on cystoprostatectomy specimens directly linked to age : results from a multicentre study?
### Response:
| The rate of incidentally diagnosed prostate cancer from RCP specimens is ≈20%, most of them being organ-confined and well-differentiated. The probability of having a 'non-aggressive' prostate cancer decreases in older men. |
### Instruction:
Does tubulin polymerization disrupt cardiac β-adrenergic regulation of late INa?
### Response:
| Pre-incubation with TXL disrupts the ISO-dependent CaMKII activation and consequent Na channel regulation. This may be important for patients receiving TXL treatments, but also relevant for conditions of increased CaMKII expression and enhanced β-adrenergic stimulation like in heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Is glycemic control impaired in the evening in prediabetes through multiple diurnal rhythms?
### Response:
| Glycemic control is dramatically impaired in the evening in people with prediabetes, particularly when the cortisol rhythm is weak, but is unrelated to the rhythm in insulin levels. Therefore, food intake at dinnertime may need to be curbed in prediabetes. |
### Instruction:
Are blood transfusions associated with urinary biomarkers of kidney injury in cardiac surgery?
### Response:
| Receipt of 2 or more packed red blood cell units during cardiac surgery is associated with a greater risk of acute kidney injury defined by serum creatinine and kidney injury biomarkers. |
### Instruction:
Does platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β antagonism restore morphine analgesic potency against neuropathic pain?
### Response:
| These findings suggest the novel hypothesis that PDGF-B released by injured nerves renders animals resistant to morphine, implying that PDGFR-β inhibition could potentially eliminate the tremendous suffering caused by neuropathic pain. |
### Instruction:
Does dexamethasone PONV prophylaxis alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis after transsphenoidal pituitary surgery?
### Response:
| As early postoperative blood checks of the cortisol levels yield important information about potential pituitary sufficiency after transsphenoidal surgery, the probability that dexamethasone PONV prophylaxis suppresses postoperative cortisol levels should be considered. |
### Instruction:
Does sealing of the intramedullar femoral canal in a TKA reduce postoperative blood loss : a randomized prospective study?
### Response:
| There was no significant difference, whether sealing the femoral canal with a bone graft, cement or when it was left unsealed, in decreasing blood loss or blood transfusion requirements in the postoperative period. |
### Instruction:
Does hormone receptor status affect prognosis in metaplastic breast cancer : a population-based analysis with comparison to infiltrating ductal and lobular carcinomas?
### Response:
| Metaplastic breast cancer is an aggressive histologic variant that portends a poor prognosis compared with common breast cancer subtypes. Contrary to other breast cancers, hormone receptor positivity does not improve prognosis in metaplastic breast cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does muscle activation vary with contraction mode in human spinal cord injury?
### Response:
| SCI subjects demonstrated greater muscle activation during eccentric MVCs vs. isometric and concentric MVCs. This pattern of activation contrasts with the decreased eccentric activation demonstrated by healthy controls. Such information may aid development of novel rehabilitation interventions. |
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