question stringlengths 52 373 | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k |
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### Instruction:
Is the cerebrospinal fluid lactate decreased in early stages of multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| In the early stages of MS, the lactate concentration in CSF is decreased and this could be related to alterations in sensitivity observed in those patients. Further studies are needed to evaluate if this lactate concentration is a prognostic indicator of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Does acute exercise cause sustained elevations in AMPK signaling or expression?
### Response:
| Although an acute bout of exercise elicits increases in AMPK signaling, this alone is not sufficient to induce sustained increases in either AMPK signaling or protein expression during the postexercise period. |
### Instruction:
Is mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle normal and unrelated to insulin action in young men born with low birth weight?
### Response:
| These data support and expand previous findings of abnormal glucose metabolism in young men with LBW. In addition, we found that the young, healthy men with LBW exhibited hepatic insulin resistance. However, the study does not support the hypothesis that muscle mitochondrial dysfunction per se is the underlying key met... |
### Instruction:
Does nasal continuous positive airway pressure decrease respiratory muscles overload in young infants with severe acute viral bronchiolitis?
### Response:
| In young infants with severe acute respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis, nCPAP rapidly unloads respiratory muscles and improves respiratory distress symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Is practice-based research network membership associated with retention of clinicians in underserved communities : a Research Involving Outpatient Settings Network ( RIOS Net ) study?
### Response:
| Being a member of a practice-based research network may be a determinate of staying in rural practice longer. This is a hypothesis-generating study and needs confirmation from larger studies whose analysis stratifies clinician demographics and practice type. |
### Instruction:
Does inflammation modulate fibronectin isoform expression in colonic lamina propria fibroblasts ( CLPF )?
### Response:
| Cytokines such as IFN-gamma, TNF, and TGF-beta1 modulate the production of fibronectin isoforms. Our data indicate that inflammation-induced modulation of FN-isoform production is involved in the alterations of migratory potential of CLPF isolated from CD mucosa. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Self-care behavior and patients ' knowledge about self-care predict rehospitalization among older adults with heart failure ]?
### Response:
| A lower degree of self-care and of patients' knowledge about self-care predicted a higher risk of hospital readmission. |
### Instruction:
Is fas expression in primary breast cancer related to neoplastic infiltration of perilymphatic fat?
### Response:
| The study showed that lack of Fas in primary breast cancer is associated with perilymphatic fat infiltration. Consequently, both the absence of Fas in the primary tumor and the occurrence of neoplatic cells in paranodal fatty tissue should be considered in the prognosis, complementing existing conventional factors. |
### Instruction:
Does massage therapy reduce hospital stay and occurrence of late-onset sepsis in very preterm neonates?
### Response:
| Maternal massage therapy in very-low-birth-weight infants decreases the length of hospital stay and the incidence of late-onset neonatal sepsis. |
### Instruction:
Is increased expression of transketolase-like-1 in papillary thyroid carcinomas smaller than 1.5 cm in diameter associated with lymph-node metastases?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that TKTL1 overexpression in PTC <or=1.5 cm may be considered a factor that facilitates tumor growth and progression. |
### Instruction:
Is foveal contrast processing of increment and decrement targets equivalently reduced in glaucoma?
### Response:
| This study found that increment and decrement targets can be used with equal effectiveness for detecting contrast processing deficits in early glaucoma. Outcomes further suggested that glaucoma affects On and Off subdivisions of the M-pathway equivalently. |
### Instruction:
Does coronary vasospasm produce reversible perfusion defects observed during adenosine triphosphate stress myocardial single-photon emission computed tomography?
### Response:
| The findings suggest that reversible defects on ATP-SPECT imaging are frequently present in patients with coronary vasospasm. Coronary spasm may be considered as 1 of the factors, which produce reversible defects on ATP-SPECT, observed in patients with chest symptoms and angiographically normal coronary arteries. |
### Instruction:
Do global gene expression analyses reveal changes in biological processes after hyperthermia in a rat glioma model?
### Response:
| To our best knowledge, this is the first global microarray analysis of a malignant tumor treated with HT in vivo. We highlight biological processes affected by HT. RNA expression profiles also indicate a rapid suppression of the immune system within tumors by local HT. |
### Instruction:
Is postoperative cardiorespiratory instability following ligation of the preterm ductus arteriosus related to early need for intervention?
### Response:
| Surgical ligation of the ductus arteriosus in preterm infants less than 28 days old is associated with oxygenation difficulties, decreased systolic arterial pressure and an increased need for cardiotropic support in the initial 24 postoperative hours. These data suggest the need to prospectively characterize perioperat... |
### Instruction:
Are obesity and adiposity associated with the rate of patella cartilage volume loss over 2 years in adults without knee osteoarthritis?
### Response:
| This study demonstrated that increased levels of obesity and adiposity are associated with an increased annual rate of patella cartilage volume loss in healthy adults. Weight-loss interventions that reduce body mass, or specifically target a reduction in fat mass, may help to reduce the rate at which patella cartilage ... |
### Instruction:
Is melanoma inhibitory activity , a biomarker related to chondrocyte anabolism , reversibly suppressed by proinflammatory cytokines in rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| The decreased levels of MIA in the inflamed RA joint and the coregulation of MIA and cartilage matrix molecules by proinflammatory cytokines indicate that joint inflammation in RA not only drives accelerated cartilage degradation but also suppresses cartilage anabolism. This inflammation-driven suppression is reversibl... |
### Instruction:
Does topical anesthesia blunt the pressor response induced by bowel manipulation in subjects with cervical spinal cord injury?
### Response:
| On the basis of our findings, we recommend induction of lidocaine jelly immediately before rectal manipulation in patients with CSCI to minimize the incidence and severity of AD. |
### Instruction:
Do three-dimensional virtual images modify the waveform of pupillary near response?
### Response:
| Continuous viewing of horizontal disparities can induce a delay in the pupillary dilation in the near response. The parameters of the pupillary near response are useful in assessing the effects of 3-D viewing. |
### Instruction:
Is norepinephrine to increase blood pressure in endotoxaemic pigs associated with improved hepatic mitochondrial respiration?
### Response:
| Norepinephrine treatment during endotoxaemia does not increase hepatosplanchnic flow, oxygen delivery or consumption, and does not improve the hepatic lactate extraction ratio. However, norepinephrine increases the liver mitochondria complex I-dependent and II-dependent respiratory control ratios. This effect was proba... |
### Instruction:
Does acute hyperglycaemia induce an inflammatory response in young patients with type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| This study shows that acute hyperglycaemia induces an inflammatory response in patients with type 1 diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Does ischemic preconditioning of the hindlimb or kidney attenuate the severity of acute ischemia/reperfusion-induced pancreatitis in rats?
### Response:
| In contrast to direct ischemic preconditioning, remote ischemic preconditioning of the pancreas is without effect on pancreatic exocrine secretion and does not reduce the severity of ischemia/reperfusion-induced pancreatitis. |
### Instruction:
Does abrogation of mitochondrial transcription in smooth muscle cells impair smooth muscle contractility and vascular tone?
### Response:
| Our data show that mitochondrial function is needed for normal gastric contraction, vascular tone, and maintenance of normal blood pressure. |
### Instruction:
Do platelets contribute to the reduction of liver fibrosis in mice?
### Response:
| These results clearly show that platelets reduce liver fibrosis and promote liver regeneration, even under cirrhotic conditions. We, therefore, propose that platelets could offer a potent tool in the treatment of liver cirrhosis. |
### Instruction:
Does intestinal bladder augmentation at school age have no adverse effects on growth?
### Response:
| Intestinal bladder augmentation performed at school age has no adverse effects on longitudinal growth in patients with bladder exstrophy. Most of the patients with bladder exstrophy have normal growth. |
### Instruction:
Does comparative analysis reveal signatures of differentiation amid genomic polymorphism in Lake Malawi cichlids?
### Response:
| We present a novel genome sequencing strategy, which is useful when evolutionary diversity is the question of interest. Lake Malawi cichlids are phenotypically and behaviorally diverse, but they appear genetically like a subdivided population. The unique structure of Lake Malawl cichlid genomes should facilitate concep... |
### Instruction:
Does black bean extract ameliorate liver fibrosis in rats with CCl4-induced injury?
### Response:
| The compounds contained in this black bean extract exhibited strong antifibrotic effects in the CCl4 chronic liver injury model used; considering that this compounds are contained in a leguminous that has been used in human diet for a long time, their toxic potential should be very low, and this characteristic should f... |
### Instruction:
Do eight-year-old children with high cardiorespiratory fitness have lower overall and abdominal fatness?
### Response:
| Eight-year-old children with high CRF had lower overall and abdominal fatness compared with children with low CRF, independent of age, sex and BMI. CRF should be an important target already at a young age in preventing overall and abdominal obesity. |
### Instruction:
Are xenohormone transactivities inversely associated to serum POPs in Inuit?
### Response:
| The non-steroidal xenohormone transactivities can be used as an integrated biomarker of POP exposure and lifestyle characteristics. The actual serum POP mixtures antagonized the age adjusted sex hormone receptor functions. Comparison of different study populations requires in addition to age inclusion of diet and lifes... |
### Instruction:
Do a descriptive profile of caregivers of older adults with MS and the assistance they provide?
### Response:
| Both spousal and non-spousal caregivers of older adults with MS provide substantial assistance, and experience many challenges. Rehabilitation professionals need to be aware of the diversity of caregivers and the assistance they provide to facilitate appropriate support and resources. |
### Instruction:
Do interleukin 8 and 1beta and RANTES levels in esophageal mucosa predict recurrence of endoscopy-negative gastroesophageal reflux disease?
### Response:
| Enhanced production of such cytokines as IL-8 and -1beta and RANTES in esophageal mucosa can be potential predictors for ENRD recurrence. |
### Instruction:
Does vSV-G pseudotyping rescue HIV-1 CA mutations that impair core assembly or stability?
### Response:
| Defects generated at the level of core assembly and stability by S149A and S178A mutations are sensitive to the way of delivery of viral nucleoprotein complexes into the target cell. Addressing CA mutants through the endocytic pathway may compensate for defects generated at the reverse transcription/nuclear import leve... |
### Instruction:
Do matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 correlate with alanine aminotransferase and hepatitis C virus in blood donors?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that hepatitis C virus infection may upregulate the activities of matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 and that these matrix metalloproteinases may be linked to liver dysfunction. |
### Instruction:
Does state of the iron metabolism in patients with chronic hepatitis C type C influence antiviral treatment with interferon and ribavirin?
### Response:
| Results of this study show that iron status does not significantly influence the efficacy of treatment with interferon and ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C. |
### Instruction:
Is iMP dehydrogenase basal activity in MOLT-4 human leukaemia cells altered by mycophenolic acid and 6-thioguanosine?
### Response:
| These findings demonstrate that IMPDH basal activity is influenced by MPA and tGuO, and suggest that reduced IMPDH basal activity is related to the proliferation-blocking effects of these agents. |
### Instruction:
Is regulation of CXCL16 expression and secretion by myeloid cells altered in rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| Culture of monocytes is the main trigger for CXCL16 surface expression in vitro, which is not altered in RA. Together our data suggest that the increased CXCL16 expression in patients with RA is likely to be caused by increased influx of monocytes rather than intrinsic differences in CXCL16 regulation. |
### Instruction:
Is physical function in ankylosing spondylitis independently determined by both disease activity and radiographic damage of the spine?
### Response:
| Physical function impairment in AS is independently caused by patient-reported disease activity and the level of structural damage of the lumbar and cervical spine. Syndesmophytes and other radiographic abnormalities contribute to physical function impairment. |
### Instruction:
Does infliximab improve health-related quality of life in the presence of comorbidities among patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis?
### Response:
| Disease severity, depression and PsA were significant predictors of poor HRQoL. Infliximab significantly improved HRQoL, regardless of these characteristics. |
### Instruction:
Does human osteogenic protein-1 induce osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells harvested from mice?
### Response:
| OP-1 is a powerful inducer of osteogenic differentiation of adult adipose-derived stem cells. |
### Instruction:
Is mini nutritional assessment a good predictor of functional status in institutionalised elderly at risk of malnutrition?
### Response:
| MNA reliably identifies at-risk institutionalised elderly needing higher standards of care, particularly related to eating. Routine documentation of oral intakes and feeding assistance might be useful to prevent weight loss, sarcopenia and functional status deterioration. |
### Instruction:
Is pruritus a common and significant symptom of acne?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that itch is a common and significant symptom in acne. Acne patients experienced considerable disability due to the associated pruritus. |
### Instruction:
Are circulating biomarkers of inflammation , antioxidant activity , and platelet activation associated with primary combustion aerosols in subjects with coronary artery disease?
### Response:
| Results suggest that traffic emission sources of OCpri and quasi-ultrafine particles lead to increased systemic inflammation and platelet activation and decreased antioxidant enzyme activity in elderly people with CAD. |
### Instruction:
Is the association between APOE genotype and memory dysfunction in subjects with mild cognitive impairment related to age and Alzheimer pathology?
### Response:
| The presence of the APOE epsilon4 allele is associated with impaired memory functioning in both middle-aged and old subjects with MCI, although the memory function affected varies with age. Its effect on memory function may be dependent on underlying AD pathology in elderly subjects, but not in middle-aged subjects. |
### Instruction:
Does magnetic resonance imaging in frontotemporal dementia show subcortical atrophy?
### Response:
| Subcortical gray matter atrophy may contribute as significantly to symptoms of FTD as cortical atrophy. |
### Instruction:
Is asymmetrical dimethylarginine increased in plasma and decreased in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| Elevated ADMA in plasma might be a contributing factor for AD through alterations of NO metabolism, for example decreased cerebral microperfusion, while decreased levels of CSF ADMA might lead to a cerebral increase of NO, peroxynitrite production and oxidative protein damage. Our study reveals different mechanisms of ... |
### Instruction:
Is absolute quantification in proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy superior to relative ratio to discriminate Alzheimer 's disease from Binswanger 's disease?
### Response:
| Our study revealed that absolute quantification is superior to relative ratio to differentiate AD and BD from HC. |
### Instruction:
Does laser fluorescence device perform well in detection of early caries lesions in primary teeth : an in vitro study?
### Response:
| The LF device performs better at the dentine threshold than at the enamel threshold. This method does not perform well in detecting initial enamel caries lesions. |
### Instruction:
Does voluntary ethanol intake enhance excitatory synaptic strength in the ventral tegmental area?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that postsynaptic AMPAR function in VTA neurons was significantly enhanced after ethanol self-administration. As increased VTA AMPAR function can significantly regulate firing and enhance the reinforcing and activating effects of drugs of abuse, the increased AMPAR activity observed here may facilit... |
### Instruction:
Do temporal artery temperature measurements detect hyperthermic marathon runners?
### Response:
| These findings indicate that there is little association between the temperatures obtained by temporal artery measurement and T(rectal) measurement in collapsed marathon runners and that TAT temperature is unable to identify hyperthermic runners. Based on these findings, TAT measurement should not be used to assess cor... |
### Instruction:
Do predictive value of orthopedic evaluation and injury history at the NFL combine?
### Response:
| This is the first study to report on the predictive value of a grading system for college athletes before participation in professional sports. Other professional sports may benefit from using a similar grading system for the evaluation of potential players. |
### Instruction:
Are bRAFV600E mutations in malignant melanoma associated with increased expressions of BAALC?
### Response:
| BAALC, which has been associated with cell dedifferentiation and migration, may function as a downstream effector of activating BRAF mutations during melanomagenesis. |
### Instruction:
Does prosthesis type have minimal impact on survival after valve surgery in patients with moderate to end-stage renal failure?
### Response:
| Hospital mortality and morbidity remain high in patients with RF undergoing valvular surgery and it is not different in NDRF and DRF patients. This study suggests that the type of valve prosthesis does not appear to have an impact on early and late survival but is limited by sample size. It may be that bioprostheses sh... |
### Instruction:
Is dynamic tight glycemic control during and after cardiac surgery effective , feasible , and safe?
### Response:
| The Aalst Glycemia Insulin Protocol is effective for maintaining tight perioperative blood glucose control during cardiac surgery with minimal risk of hypoglycemia. |
### Instruction:
Does gene disruption of the DNA topoisomerase IB small subunit induce a non-viable phenotype in the hemoflagellate Leishmania major?
### Response:
| Results obtained in this work evidence the essentiality of the topS gene encoding the L. major DNA topoisomerase IB small subunit. Reversibility of the camptothecin effect points to the existence of effective checkpoint mechanisms in Leishmania parasites. |
### Instruction:
Does cardiac sympathetic nerve abnormality predict ventricular tachyarrhythmic events in patients without conventional risk of sudden death?
### Response:
| SNS abnormality is a readily available and powerful predictor of recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmic events in patients with VT who did not have conventional risk of sudden cardiac death. (123)I-MIBG scintigraphy can provide prognostic information of VT patients without conventional risk. |
### Instruction:
Does experimental rhinovirus infection increase human tissue kallikrein activation in allergic subjects?
### Response:
| Experimental rhinovirus infection in allergic asthmatic subjects is accompanied by increased lower airway hTK activation, which parallels the appearance of IL-8. Rhinovirus-induced hTK activation may contribute to airway inflammation and asthmatic exacerbations. |
### Instruction:
Does statin potentiate human platelet eNOS activity without enhancing eNOS mRNA and protein levels?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that platelet eNOS activity is potentiated after statin treatment in humans in parallel with experimental studies. |
### Instruction:
Does smoking and low serum testosterone associate with high concentration of oxidized LDL?
### Response:
| Smoking men have significantly more ox-LDL than non-smoking men. Furthermore, if smoking is combined with a low serum testosterone, ox-LDL is even higher. This may suggest a higher risk for atherosclerosis. |
### Instruction:
Is response to hypercapnic challenge associated with successful weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation due to brain stem lesions?
### Response:
| Assessing the P.01 response to serial increases in the level of HC may be a safe means to ascertain whether patients with brainstem lesions are ready for ventilator weaning. |
### Instruction:
Does intervention with cloudy apple juice result in altered biological activities of ileostomy samples collected from individual volunteers?
### Response:
| The intervention with apple juice results in bioavailable concentrations of related polyphenols in the gut lumen, which could contribute to reduced genotoxicity, enhanced antigenotoxicity and favorable modulation of GSTT2 gene expression in some individuals. The pilot study for the first time used this combination of f... |
### Instruction:
Is nrf2 gene promoter polymorphism associated with ulcerative colitis in a Japanese population?
### Response:
| The -686*-684 genotype of Nrf2 gene may be associated with the development of ulcerative colitis. |
### Instruction:
Do genetic polymorphisms in the 5'-flanking region of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 affect the Nrf2-dependent transcriptional regulation?
### Response:
| UGT2B7 is transcriptionally regulated by Nrf2, but the mechanism is hindered by polymorphisms in the promoter region of UGT2B7*2. The allele-specific mechanism may cause variability of the glucuronidation in response to oxidative stress. |
### Instruction:
Does transcriptional profiling in C. elegans suggest DNA damage dependent apoptosis as an ancient function of the p53 family?
### Response:
| We performed genome-wide gene expression analyses which indicate that only a surprisingly small number of genes are regulated by CEP-1 and that DNA damage induced apoptosis via the transcriptional induction of BH3 domain proteins is likely to be an ancient DNA damage response function of the p53 family. Interestingly, ... |
### Instruction:
Is aTP-induced autophagy associated with rapid killing of intracellular mycobacteria within human monocytes/macrophages?
### Response:
| We provide the first evidence that ATP/P2X7-mediated killing of intracellular mycobacteria involves the induction of cell autophagy. The findings support the hypothesis that autophagy plays a key role in the control of mycobacterial infections. |
### Instruction:
Does perineum compression during EAUS enhance visualization of anterior anal sphincter defects?
### Response:
| EAS anterior defect detection and definition on EAUS may be improved by the demarcation and gentle pressure on the posterior vaginal wall. |
### Instruction:
Does formal art observation training improve medical students ' visual diagnostic skills?
### Response:
| This interdisciplinary course improved participants' capacity to make accurate observations of art and physical findings. |
### Instruction:
Is pOSSUM an optimal system for predicting mortality due to colorectal perforation?
### Response:
| POSSUM is an optimal predictor of mortality following emergency surgery for colorectal perforation. |
### Instruction:
Does meta-analysis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma microarray data explore mechanism of EBV-regulated neoplastic transformation?
### Response:
| In conclusion, our meta-analysis strategy re-analyzed EBV-related tumor data sets and identified sets of meta-genes possibly involved in maintaining latent or switching to lytic cycles of EBV in NPC. The results of this analysis may shed new lights to further our understanding of the EBV-led neoplastic transformation. |
### Instruction:
Is elevated glycosylated haemoglobin ( HbA1c ) a risk marker in coronary artery bypass surgery?
### Response:
| HbA1c > or =6% was associated with an increased risk of postoperative superficial sternal wound infections and a trend for higher mediastinitis rate and significantly higher mortality three years after CABG. |
### Instruction:
Do reductions in blood pressure following energy restriction for weight loss rebound after re-establishment of energy balance in overweight and obese subjects?
### Response:
| The hypotensive effects of caloric restriction do not rebound upon return to eucaloric intake at a reduced body weight, and a high sodium intake does not appear to alter the hypotensive effects of weight loss. This reinforces the clinical importance of weight loss and supports the recommendation that strategies for pro... |
### Instruction:
Does dexmedetomidine enhance the local anesthetic action of lidocaine via an alpha-2A adrenoceptor?
### Response:
| We demonstrated that alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists enhanced the local anesthetic action of lidocaine, and suggest that dexmedetomidine acts via alpha-2A adrenoceptors. |
### Instruction:
Is propofol sedation reduced by delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol in mice?
### Response:
| The results indicate a dose-dependent antagonistic interaction between Delta9-THC and propofol, and also between Delta9-THC and thiopental. |
### Instruction:
Do mouse T-cells restrict replication of human immunodeficiency virus at the level of integration?
### Response:
| In contrast to earlier reports, we find that mouse T-cells efficiently support early replication steps up to and including nuclear import, but restrict HIV-1 at the level of chromosomal integration. |
### Instruction:
Does h-Y antibody development associate with acute rejection in female patients with male kidney transplants?
### Response:
| This first demonstration of a strong association between H-Y antibody development and acute rejection in kidney transplant recipients shows that in solid organ allografts, humoral immune responses against well defined mHA have clear clinical correlates, can be easily monitored, and warrant study for possible effects on... |
### Instruction:
Does [ Inhibition of NF-kappaB through IkappaBalpha transfection affect invasion of human lung cancer cell line A549 ]?
### Response:
| Transfection of IkappaBalpha can inhibit NF-kappaB activity, thus inhibit cell invasion of A549, which may be through the down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions. |
### Instruction:
Are apoptosis regulation and spontaneous apoptosis index of testicular germ cell tumors associated with differentiation and resistance to systemic treatment?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that the p53 and p21 expression levels and the apoptosis index seem to be important factors in the issue of the chemosensitivity of GCTs. The protein expression pattern reflects a differentiation-dependent preference for G1/S-phase arrest in terminally differentiated syncytiotrophoblasts and mature ... |
### Instruction:
Does hypoxia inducible factor-alpha expression correlate with vascular endothelial growth factor-C expression and lymphangiogenesis/angiogenesis in oral squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| HIF-1alpha might play a crucial role in regional lymph node metastasis as a regulator of lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in OSCC with a possible novel pathway involving VEGF-C. Therefore, HIF-1alpha might be a particularly promising target for controlling regional lymph node metastases by a combination of antiangiog... |
### Instruction:
Is angiotensinogen polymorphism associated with risk for malignancy but not for oral cancer?
### Response:
| This study did not reveal an association of the AGT M235T polymorphism with oral oncogenesis, but certainly suggested a possible association of this specific polymorphism with other types of cancer. The present findings support a previous suggestion that the pathway of oral oncogenesis is probably based on angiotensin-... |
### Instruction:
Does caffeine dose-dependently potentiate the antitumor effect of cisplatin on osteosarcomas?
### Response:
| This study confirms that a high concentration of caffeine (about 0.4 mM) is effective in enhancing the antitumor effects of cisplatin. |
### Instruction:
Does a high concentration of resiniferatoxin inhibit ion channel function in clonal neuroendocrine cells?
### Response:
| RTX at 10 microM directly and acutely inhibited voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels, in a TRPV1-independent manner. Prolonged exposure (24 h) to 10 microM RTX inhibited voltage-dependent Na(+) channels in addition to the Ca(2+) channels, in at least a partially reversible manner. |
### Instruction:
Is clinical response to gluten withdrawal an indicator of coeliac disease?
### Response:
| Clinical response to either withdrawal or re-introduction of dietary gluten has no role in the diagnosis of coeliac disease. |
### Instruction:
Does neutrophil depletion cause a fatal defect in murine pulmonary Staphylococcus aureus clearance?
### Response:
| These results suggest that neutrophils play a critical role in the host response to S. aureus pneumonia, and the survival differences observed in neutrophil-depleted mice are associated with alterations in bacterial clearance and pulmonary cytokine response. |
### Instruction:
Does temozolomide treatment affect topiramate and oxcarbazepine plasma concentrations in chronically treated patients with brain tumor-related epilepsy?
### Response:
| Temozolomide treatment did not affect TPM plasma concentrations in chronically treated patients. Data for MHD in OXC-treated patients were similar, but, due to the small sample size, results should be interpreted cautiously.These findings confirm that TPM (and possibly OXC) are a reasonable choice of antiepileptic drug... |
### Instruction:
Is radial plus musculocutaneous nerve stimulation for axillary block inferior to triple nerve stimulation with 2 % mepivacaine?
### Response:
| Radial plus musculocutaneous nerve stimulation showed lower efficacy of axillary block than did triple nerve stimulation when using 2% mepivacaine. |
### Instruction:
Do model consisting of ultrasonographic and simple blood indexes accurately identify compensated hepatitis B cirrhosis?
### Response:
| The model consisting of ultrasonographic score, patients' age, blood variables of platelet, albumin, and bilirubin can identify hepatitis B cirrhosis with a high degree of accuracy. The application of this model would greatly reduce the number of biopsies. |
### Instruction:
Are inflammatory markers and visceral fat inversely associated with maximal oxygen consumption in women with polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS )?
### Response:
| Acute-phase reactants, such as CRP and fibrinogen, and WBCs count were independently and inversely associated with a direct measure of cardiorespiratory fitness (VO(2 max)) in women with PCOS, even after adjustment for physical activity level and other potential confounding factors. These findings add to the growing bo... |
### Instruction:
Does globular adiponectin stimulate glucose transport in type 2 diabetic muscle?
### Response:
| Globular adiponectin directly increases glucose transport in skeletal muscle from type 2 diabetic patients. This may occur via Akt-independent signalling routes. |
### Instruction:
Is antiviral therapy for recurrent hepatitis C after liver transplantation : sustained virologic response related to genotype 2/3 and response at week 12?
### Response:
| Combination therapy in patients with HCV reinfection after LT yields an excellent SVR rate in genotype 2/3 patients, but remains unsatisfactory in genotype 1 patients. Virologic response at week 12 (early virologic response) can determine whether therapy should be continued or not. |
### Instruction:
Does voluntary ethanol consumption differ in adolescent and adult male rats using a modified sucrose-fading paradigm?
### Response:
| Overall, results replicate previous work, demonstrating adolescent rats consume more EtOH relative to adults. However, the present results were observed using sweetened EtOH solutions in a limited access paradigm. The present modified sucrose-substitution paradigm may serve as a valid model of human adolescent drinking... |
### Instruction:
Does chronic alcohol consumption generate a vulnerable immune environment during early SIV infection in rhesus macaques?
### Response:
| Overall, the consumption of alcohol causes immune cell alterations that can contribute to the generation of a disease susceptible environment upon SIV infection. |
### Instruction:
Do an update on selected connective tissue diseases in adolescents?
### Response:
| This article provides an update of the recent literature, highlighting advances that the general pediatrician should know in the care of adolescents with these diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does extent of hypoattenuation on CT angiography source images predict functional outcome in patients with basilar artery occlusion?
### Response:
| The CTASI pc-ASPECTS score may identify BAO patients unlikely to have a favorable outcome despite recanalization. |
### Instruction:
Are changes in soft tissue composition the primary predictors of 4-year bone mineral density changes in postmenopausal women?
### Response:
| Body composition changes are important positive predictors of BMD changes independent of EX and CA supplementation, but their contribution varies according to bone site and with HT use. |
### Instruction:
Is basal forebrain atrophy a presymptomatic marker for Alzheimer 's disease?
### Response:
| Atrophy in the basal forebrain precedes the development of AD in subjects with cognition judged to be normal by neuropsychological testing. The time required to develop dementia appears to be shortened if hippocampal atrophy is also present. These data indicate that atrophy restricted to medial basal forebrain is a bio... |
### Instruction:
Does microscopic tumor burden in sentinel lymph nodes predict synchronous nonsentinel lymph node involvement in patients with melanoma?
### Response:
| In melanoma patients with positive SLNs, SLN tumor burden, primary tumor thickness, and number of SLNs harvested may be useful in identifying a group at low risk for positive non-SLNs and be spared the potential morbidity of a cTLND. |
### Instruction:
Does supplement improve nutrition and stresses caused by examination-associated fasting in patients with liver cirrhosis?
### Response:
| We demonstrated that a nutritional supplement improved nutrition and reduced both the physical and mental stresses associated with examination-associated fasting in cirrhotic patients. |
### Instruction:
Is hypothermia of newborns associated with excess mortality in the first 2 months of life in Guinea-Bissau , West Africa?
### Response:
| HT is associated with excess mortality beyond the perinatal period up to at least 2 months of age, especially among low-birth-weight children. Hence, failure to comply with the WHO guidelines for care of newborns in low-income countries may have long-term consequences for child survival which have not previously been a... |
### Instruction:
Are increases in serum estrone sulfate level associated with increased mammographic density during menopausal hormone therapy?
### Response:
| Increases in serum E(1)S levels during menopausal hormone therapy are associated with increases in mammographic density. The relative contribution of E(1)S and E(1) to stimulation of breast tissue awaits further elucidation. |
### Instruction:
Is the influence of smoking and homocysteine on subclinical atherosclerosis modified by the connexin37 C1019T polymorphism - The Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study?
### Response:
| The effect of smoking and homocysteine levels on arterial endothelial functions and elasticity were modified by the allelic variation of the Cx37 gene. These data suggest that variation in the connexin gene may modify effects risk factors have on vascular function. |
### Instruction:
Do genome-wide parametric linkage analyses of 644 bipolar pedigrees suggest susceptibility loci at chromosomes 16 and 20?
### Response:
| The chromosome 16p and 20 regions have been implicated by some studies and the data reported herein provide additional suggestive evidence of bipolar susceptibility genes in these regions. |
### Instruction:
Do steroid biomarkers and genetic studies reveal inactivating mutations in hexose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in patients with cortisone reductase deficiency?
### Response:
| CRD is caused by inactivating mutations in the H6PD gene, rendering the 11beta-HSD1 enzyme unable to operate as an oxoreductase, preventing local glucocorticoid regeneration. These data highlight the importance of the redox control of cortisol metabolism and the 11beta-HSD1-H6PDH pathway in regulating hypothalamic-pitu... |
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