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### Instruction:
Is increased protein turnover and proteolysis an early and primary feature of short-term experimental hyperthyroidism in healthy women?
### Response:
| Mild short-term experimental hyperthyroidism increases whole-body protein turnover and breakdown before any measurable changes in energy expenditure or glucose and fat metabolism, suggesting that amino acid and protein metabolism is an early and primary target for thyroid hormone action in humans. |
### Instruction:
Is zinc transporter-8 gene ( SLC30A8 ) associated with type 2 diabetes in Chinese?
### Response:
| Our results provide evidence that SLC30A8 is a susceptible locus for type 2 diabetes in Chinese population, and its variant can influence insulin secretion. |
### Instruction:
Does sex chromosome complement affect nociception and analgesia in newborn mice?
### Response:
| Sex differences in pain may stem not only from the action of gonadal hormones on pain circuits but from the sex-specific action of X and Y genes. Identification of sex chromosome genes causing sex differences could contribute to better pain therapy in females and males. |
### Instruction:
Does analysis of gene expression in a developmental context emphasize distinct biological leitmotifs in human cancers?
### Response:
| This systematic and quantitative overview of the relationship between the neoplastic and developmental transcriptome spanning dozens of tissues provides a reliable outline of global trends in cancer gene expression, reveals potentially clinically relevant differences in the gene expression of different cancer types and... |
### Instruction:
Do functional transcranial Doppler sonography and a spatial orientation paradigm identify the non-dominant hemisphere?
### Response:
| In more than two thirds of the subjects with left-sided language dominance, the spatial orientation paradigm was able to identify the non-dominant hemisphere. The results suggest both paradigms to be independent of each other. The spatial orientation paradigm, therefore, appears to be a non-verbal fTCD paradigm with po... |
### Instruction:
Are human fibroblasts permissive for porcine cytomegalovirus in vitro?
### Response:
| These results are a first demonstration that PCMV can infect human fibroblasts in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Do a systems approach to model natural variation in reactive properties of bacterial ribosomes?
### Response:
| Analogy to an enzyme reaction complex led us to a ribosome reaction model for measuring specific translation activity of a bacterial ribosome. We propose to use this model to design experimental tests of our hypothesis that specific translation activity is a ribosomal property that is subject to natural variation and n... |
### Instruction:
Is fragmentation of decorin , biglycan , lumican and keratocan elevated in degenerate human meniscus , knee and hip articular cartilages compared with age-matched macroscopically normal and control tissues?
### Response:
| Enhanced fragmentation of SLRPs is evident in degenerate articular cartilage and meniscus. Specific decorin and fibromodulin core protein fragments in degenerate meniscus and/or human articular cartilage may be of value as biomarkers of disease. Once the enzymes responsible for their generation have been identified, fu... |
### Instruction:
Is the human ubiquitin conjugating enzyme , UBE2E3 , required for proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial cells?
### Response:
| UBE2E3 is essential for the proliferation of RPE-1 cells and is downregulated during RPE layer maturation in the developing mouse eye. These findings indicate that UBE2E3 is a major enzyme in modulating the balance between RPE cell proliferation and differentiation. |
### Instruction:
Does the myosin II ATPase inhibitor blebbistatin prevent thrombin-induced inhibition of intercellular calcium wave propagation in corneal endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Blebbistatin prevents the inhibitory effects of thrombin on intercellular Ca(2+) wave propagation. The findings demonstrate that myosin II-mediated actomyosin contractility plays a central role in thrombin-induced inhibition of gap junctional IC and of hemichannel-mediated paracrine IC. |
### Instruction:
Is expression of VEGFR-1 ( Flt-1 ) in breast cancer associated with VEGF expression and with node-negative tumour stage?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that analysis of VEGF/VEGFR-1 expression might be relevant in identifying patients with different response rates upon treatment with antiangiogenic agents. |
### Instruction:
Does systematic genetic array analysis link the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SAGA/SLIK and NuA4 component Tra1 to multiple cellular processes?
### Response:
| We have demonstrated a genetic association of Tra1 with nuclear, mitochondrial and membrane processes. The identity of the SSL genes also connects Tra1 with cellular stress, a result confirmed by the sensitivity of the tra1SRR3413 strain to a variety of stress conditions. Based upon the nuclear localization of GFP-Tra1... |
### Instruction:
Does oxonic acid-induced hyperuricemia elevate plasma aldosterone in experimental renal insufficiency?
### Response:
| As oxonic acid diet increased plasma renin activity, plasma aldosterone, and urine K to Na ratio, these changes may play a significant role in the harmful cardiovascular actions of hyperuricemia. |
### Instruction:
Does simvastatin abate development of renal fibrosis in experimental renovascular disease?
### Response:
| Simvastatin upregulates inhibitors of transforming growth factor-beta signaling, attenuates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and decreases renal fibrosis in hypercholesterolemia + renal artery stenosis. These lipid-lowering-independent effects result in improvement of renal function, suggesting clinically valuable... |
### Instruction:
Is low nucleosome occupancy encoded around functional human transcription factor binding sites?
### Response:
| We present evidence that nucleosome occupancy is remarkably lower around true functional human TFBSs as compared to non-functional human TFBSs, which supports the use of this feature to improve current TFBS prediction approaches in higher eukaryotes. |
### Instruction:
Do ced-4 and proto-oncogene tfg-1 antagonistically regulate cell size and apoptosis in C. elegans?
### Response:
| These findings show that TFG-1 suppresses apoptosis and is essential for normal cell-size control, suggesting that abnormalities in the cell-growth-promoting and apoptosis-inhibiting functions of TFG might be responsible for its action in tumorigenesis. Also, they reveal that CED-4 plays a pivotal role in activating ap... |
### Instruction:
Does pIP3-independent activation of TorC2 and PKB at the cell 's leading edge mediate chemotaxis?
### Response:
| The data lead to a model where cytosolic TorC2, encountering locally activated small G protein(s) at the leading edge of the cell, becomes activated and phosphorylates PKBs. These in turn phosphorylate a series of signaling and cytoskeletal proteins, thereby regulating directed migration. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY levels altered in symptomatic fructose-sorbitol malabsorption?
### Response:
| Neither intestinal gas production nor ileal brake hormone secretion seems to play a role in the symptomatology of carbohydrate intolerance in patients with self-reported food hypersensitivity. Other mechanisms related to bacterial fermentation may be involved and should be investigated further. |
### Instruction:
Does tumor necrosis factor-alpha develop late anaphylactic reaction through cytosolic phospholipase A ( 2 ) activation?
### Response:
| TNF-alpha-induces cPLA(2) activation through the pathway involving p38 MAPK and ERK activation and appears to be the key mechanism leading to the development of late-phase anaphylaxis. |
### Instruction:
Is the H-Wave device an effective and safe non-pharmacological analgesic for chronic pain : a meta-analysis?
### Response:
| The findings indicate a moderate to strong effect of the H-Wave device in providing pain relief, reducing the requirement for pain medication and increasing functionality. The most robust effect was observed for improved functionality, suggesting that the H-Wave device may facilitate a quicker return to work and other ... |
### Instruction:
Is combination of short CAG and GGN repeats in the androgen receptor gene associated with acne risk in North East China?
### Response:
| Our results of this study strongly indicated that a shorter CAG repeat length and specific haplotypes of AR attributed to the risk of acne development and thus could serve as a susceptibility marker. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Time-density curve of 16-slice spiral CT quantitatively distinguish true from false lumen of aortic dissection ]?
### Response:
| The TDCs of the true and false lumens showed: the peak CT values of the true lumen were higher than those of false lumen; while the time to peak of the true lumen were earlier than that of false lumen. So, the time-density curve, is used as an original and quantitative method to distinguish the true from false lumen in... |
### Instruction:
Does endothelial function after high-sugar-food ingestion improve with endurance exercise performed on the previous day?
### Response:
| Postprandial endothelial function was improved by endurance exercise performed approximately 17 h earlier. This effect was accompanied by exercise-induced improvements in insulin action and reductions in glycemia, but did not correspond with reductions in oxidative stress, as assessed by TBARS. |
### Instruction:
Does retinal fold and retinoschisis in accidental and non-accidental head injury?
### Response:
| The two cases, one with accidental and the other with non-accidental injury, demonstrate very similar ophthalmic findings. This supports the argument that there may be no retinal signs seen exclusively in non-accidental head injury. |
### Instruction:
Is recurrence of hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma associated with high viral load at the time of resection?
### Response:
| Viral load of >2,000 IU/mL (4 log(10) copies/mL) is the most important correctable risk factor for HCC recurrence after resection. Whether antiviral therapy in these patients can decrease tumor recurrence requires further investigations. |
### Instruction:
Are polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor 1 and vitamin C and matrix metalloproteinase gene families associated with susceptibility to lymphoma?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest a role for estrogen, vitamin C and matrix metalloproteinases in the pathogenesis of NHL that will require further validation. |
### Instruction:
Do oral keratinocytes support non-replicative infection and transfer of harbored HIV-1 to permissive cells?
### Response:
| Oral keratinocytes appear, therefore, to support stable non-replicative integration, while harboring and transmitting infectious X4- or R5-tropic HIV-1 to permissive cells for up to 48 h. |
### Instruction:
Does metabolic syndrome predict lower functional recovery in female but not in male patients after an acute cardiac event?
### Response:
| CAD patients with MS have lower functional recovery and HRR than nMS. However MS is an independent predictor of lower exercise capacity only in female gender. |
### Instruction:
Is the C/H3 domain of p300 required to protect VRK1 and VRK2 from their downregulation induced by p53?
### Response:
| Specific p53-dependent effects are determined by the availability and ratios of its transcriptional cofactors. Specifically, the downregulation of VRK1/VRK2 protein levels, as a consequence of p53 accumulation, is thus dependent on the levels of the p300/CBP protein available for transcriptional complexes, since in thi... |
### Instruction:
Is low serum vitamin B12 associated with recurrent pregnancy loss in Syrian women?
### Response:
| The results confirm low serum vitamin B12 in recurrent abortion patients. However, methylmalonic acid did not support that functional vitamin B12 plays a role in this group. This unexpected result might be due to a decrease of the metabolically inert vitamin B12 fraction (holohaptocorrin) or confounding factors. Furthe... |
### Instruction:
Does adenovirus-mediated inhibition of SPARC attenuate liver fibrosis in rats?
### Response:
| This is the first study to demonstrate that knockdown of hepatic SPARC expression ameliorates thioacetamide-induced liver fibrosis in rats with chronic liver injury. SPARC is a potential target for gene therapy in liver fibrosis. |
### Instruction:
Is the clinical course of steroid-sensitive childhood nephrotic syndrome associated with a functional IL12B promoter polymorphism?
### Response:
| Polymorphisms in the IL12B promoter region associate with two different clinical courses of NS. The IL12Bpro polymorphism may therefore define molecular subgroups with different prognosis. Further studies are needed to evaluate the prognostic value. |
### Instruction:
Is combination of dexamethasone , high-dose cytarabine , and carboplatin effective for advanced large-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma of childhood?
### Response:
| The results of the current study indicate that the DAC regimen is well tolerated and effective for pediatric patients with large-cell NHL. |
### Instruction:
Does oleanolic acid induce relaxation and calcium-independent release of endothelium-derived nitric oxide?
### Response:
| This study provides direct evidence that a component of olive oil, oleanolic acid, activated endothelium-dependent release of NO and decreased smooth muscle cell calcium followed by relaxation. The oleanolic acid-evoked endothelium-derived NO release was independent of endothelial cell calcium and involved phosphoinosi... |
### Instruction:
Does activity-based anorexia during adolescence promote binge eating during adulthood in female rats?
### Response:
| A brief episode of ABA during adolescence did not lead to increased binge eating later in life. Longer-term models are needed to determine whether a propensity toward binge eating may result from more sustained ABA during adolescence. |
### Instruction:
Does simvastatin stimulate chondrogenic phenotype of intervertebral disc cells partially through BMP-2 pathway?
### Response:
| Simvastatin drives a mechanism for promoting chondrogenesis of IVD cells partially mediated by upregulated BMP-2 through the inhibition of mevalonate pathway. |
### Instruction:
Is tongue-like Barrett 's esophagus associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease?
### Response:
| The T type ESEM was strongly asso-ciated with reflux symptoms and RE whereas the W type ESEM was not associated with GERD. |
### Instruction:
Do resonance frequency analysis of long-term implant success in the posterior partially edentulous mandible?
### Response:
| Long-term stability of Bränemark implants was excellent in the posterior partially edentulous mandible. |
### Instruction:
Does personality correlate of physiological response to stress among incarcerated juveniles?
### Response:
| Delinquents consistently had lower overall levels of arousal as measured by heart rate. In delinquent boys, we also found a persistently low arousal group with a non-reactive psychological pattern. This combination may be a forerunner of future psychopathy or a product of the developmental trajectory that leads to and ... |
### Instruction:
Do the effects of auditory evoked potential click sounds on bispectral index and entropy?
### Response:
| AEP monitor click sounds transiently increased the simultaneously measured BIS, RE, and SE during different levels of sedation by propofol infusion during spinal anesthesia. Therefore, the effects of the click sounds should be considered when these monitors are used simultaneously in the same patient. |
### Instruction:
Do distinct GAGE and MAGE-A expression during early human development indicate specific roles in lineage differentiation?
### Response:
| Our results show that CTAs, in addition to their role in germ cells, may be involved in early development of various types of somatic cells, and suggest that they are implicated in specific differentiation processes. |
### Instruction:
Does a philosophical perspective support the need for patient-outcome studies in diagnostic test evaluation?
### Response:
| The need for patient outcome studies is not due to pragmatic reasons, as previous authors argued, but is based on a philosophical argument relating the definition of disease to the concept of function. We propose that authors justify the use of accuracy studies in papers reporting diagnostic test evaluation by describi... |
### Instruction:
Is quantitative assessment of unobserved confounding mandatory in nonrandomized intervention studies?
### Response:
| Unobserved confounding should be addressed in a quantitative way to value the inferences of nonrandomized intervention studies. |
### Instruction:
Does mitomycin C induce apoptosis in cultured corneal fibroblasts derived from type II granular corneal dystrophy corneas?
### Response:
| MMC induced apoptosis, and the effects of MMC were greatest in GCD II homozygote cells. MMC also reduced the production of TGFBIp in all three types of corneal fibroblasts. These findings may explain the additional therapeutic effect of MMC in GCD II patients. |
### Instruction:
Does killing of p53-deficient hepatoma cells by parvovirus H-1 and chemotherapeutics require promyelocytic leukemia protein?
### Response:
| H-1 PV is a suitable agent to circumvent the resistance of p53-negative HCC cells to genotoxic agents, and it enhances the apoptotic process which is dependent on functional PML. Thus, H-1 PV and its oncolytic vector derivatives may be considered as therapeutic options for HCC, particularly for p53-negative tumors. |
### Instruction:
Do comparison of rate of canine retraction with conventional molar anchorage and titanium implant anchorage?
### Response:
| Canine retraction proceeds at a faster rate when titanium microimplants are used for anchorage. |
### Instruction:
Are brainstem concentrations of cholesterol influenced by genetic ablation of the low-density lipoprotein receptor?
### Response:
| The LDLr is not necessary for maintaining cholesterol concentrations in the cortex or brainstem, suggesting that other mechanisms are sufficient to maintain brain cholesterol concentrations. |
### Instruction:
Is tumor necrosis factor-alpha -1031 T/C polymorphism associated with smaller and more proatherogenic low density lipoprotein particles in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
### Response:
| In patients with RA, genetic variability in the TNF-alpha gene is associated with smaller LDL particles that have a greater affinity for extracellular matrix and higher susceptibility to oxidation. Because these characteristics are associated with a greater risk of atherosclerosis, identification of such predisposition... |
### Instruction:
Is risk of development of lung cancer increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis : a large case control study in US veterans?
### Response:
| Our study shows a significant positive association between RA and the development of lung cancer in the veteran population. Veterans with RA have an increased incidence of lung cancer when compared to the non-RA population. |
### Instruction:
Is cD28 down-regulation on CD4 T cells a marker for graft dysfunction in lung transplant recipients?
### Response:
| CD28 down-regulation on CD4 cells is associated with bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome and poor outcomes in lung transplantation recipients. CD4(+)CD28(null) cells have unusual, potentially pathogenic characteristics, and could be important in the progression of allograft dysfunction. These findings may illuminate a no... |
### Instruction:
Does postnatal administration of dexamethasone for weaning off the ventilator affect thyroid function?
### Response:
| Postnatal dexamethasone administration negatively affects thyroid functioning the preterm infant with severe chronic lung disease. |
### Instruction:
Is desflurane Consumption During Automated Closed-circuit Delivery Higher Than When a Conventional Anesthesia Machine is Used With a Simple Vaporizer-O₂-N₂O Fresh Gas Flow Sequence?
### Response:
| Agent consumption with an automated closed-circuit anesthesia machine is higher than with a conventional anesthesia machine when the latter is used with a specific vaporizer-FGF sequence. Agent consumption during automated delivery might be further reduced by optimizing the algorithm(s) that manages the initial FGF or ... |
### Instruction:
Are both functional LTbeta receptor and TNF receptor 2 required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria?
### Response:
| LTbetaR expressed on radioresistant resident stromal, probably endothelial cells, rather than hematopoietic cells, are essential for the development of ECM, as assessed by hematopoietic reconstitution experiment. Therefore, the data suggest that both functional LTbetaR and TNFR2 signaling are required and non-redundant... |
### Instruction:
Is intima-media thickness a useful marker of the extent of coronary artery disease in patients with impaired renal function?
### Response:
| Higher peripheral artery IMTs in patients with CAD than in those without and patients with three-vessel disease indicate that IMT may be used as an early marker of atherosclerosis and reflect the severity of CAD. A significant negative correlation between the value of a GFR and the IMT confirmed the usefulness of this ... |
### Instruction:
Does surgical handling of saphenous vein grafts induce expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9?
### Response:
| Surgical handling of vein grafts increased expression and activity of MMP9. However, the surgery-induced increase was attenuated in veins from unstable patients. |
### Instruction:
Does the antiplatelet effect of atorvastatin in patients with acute coronary syndrome depend on the hs-CRP level?
### Response:
| There is a correlation between antiplatelet effect of atorvastatin and initial hsCRP-level. The antiplatelet effect of clopidogrel does not depend on hsCRP-level. |
### Instruction:
Does povidone iodine cause opacification of silicone intraocular lens implants?
### Response:
| While the toxic effects of PI on corneal endothelial health is well recognized, as far as the authors are aware no reports exists on the possible harmful effects of PI on IOLs. The results from the current study suggest that exposure of silicone IOLs to even small volumes of 5% PI can lead to IOL opacifying effects. Fu... |
### Instruction:
Do multivariable adjustments counteract spectrum and test review bias in accuracy studies?
### Response:
| We recommend reporting not only variation of diagnostic accuracy across subgroups (STARD item 23) but also the effects of the multivariable adjustments on test performance. We also suggest that the QUADAS be supplemented by an item addressing the appropriateness of statistical methods, in particular whether multivariab... |
### Instruction:
Does low serum mannose-binding lectin level increase the risk of death due to pneumococcal infection?
### Response:
| We defined a serum level for MBL deficiency that can be used with confidence in future studies of MBL disease associations. The risk of death was increased among MBL-deficient patients with severe pneumococcal infection, highlighting the pathogenic significance of this innate immune defence protein. |
### Instruction:
Does phospholipase C-delta extend intercellular signalling range and responses to injury-released growth factors in non-excitable cells?
### Response:
| Our in silico and in vitro studies demonstrated that non-excitable endothelial cells respond to stimuli in a complex manner, in which intercellular communication is controlled by physicochemical properties of the stimulus and by the cell microenvironment. Such findings may have profound implications for our understandi... |
### Instruction:
Does fish oil fed prior to ethanol administration prevent acute ethanol-induced fatty liver in mice?
### Response:
| A single dose of ethanol increases the liver TG level via several mechanisms; however, prior ingestion of fish oil effectively prevents ethanol-induced fatty liver, at least in part, by decreasing basal SREBP-1c activity, especially a marked reduction in SCD1. |
### Instruction:
Does ginkgo biloba extract 761 reduce doxorubicin-induced apoptotic damage in rat hearts and neonatal cardiomyocytes?
### Response:
| Doxorubicin impairs viability of cardiomyocytes at least partially by activating the p53-mediated, mitochondrion-dependent apoptotic signalling. EGb761 can effectively and extensively counteract this action of doxorubicin, and may potentially protect the heart from the severe toxicity of doxorubicin. |
### Instruction:
Are plasma levels of thromboxane A2 on admission associated with no-reflow after primary percutaneous coronary intervention?
### Response:
| TXA2 is an independent indicator of no-reflow that occurs after PPCI. This observation may open new therapeutic opportunity in the setting of PPCI. |
### Instruction:
Is the development of microalbuminuria associated with raised longitudinal adiponectin levels in female but not male adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes?
### Response:
| In adolescent girls with type 1 diabetes but not in boys, adiponectin levels increase with increasing urine albumin excretion and onset of microalbuminuria. Although causal links cannot be inferred, this sexual dimorphism may reflect interactive effects of hyperglycaemia and sex steroids on risk of complications and ad... |
### Instruction:
Does repressor of GATA regulate TH2-driven allergic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness?
### Response:
| These results indicate that ROG regulates allergic airway inflammation and AHR in a negative manner, and thus ROG might represent another potential therapeutic target for the treatment of asthmatic patients. |
### Instruction:
Does prefrontal cortex volume reduction on MRI in preclinical Huntington 's disease relate to visuomotor performance and CAG number?
### Response:
| Preclinical HD carriers show grey matter volume reduction involving the prefrontal cortex, which relates to the visuomotor performance and CAG number. This suggests that regionally selective neuronal loss/dysfunction occurs prior to the clinical onset of symptoms. |
### Instruction:
Does ten Hertz thalamus stimulation increase tremor activity in the subthalamic nucleus in a patient with Parkinson 's disease?
### Response:
| The effect of high frequency stimulation may explain the improvement of tremor in patients who are treated with VIM deep brain stimulation. The power elevation during 10Hz stimulation suggests that the pathological cerebral and cerebral-muscular communication in PD is mainly driven at 10Hz. |
### Instruction:
Does only half of the chronic pain after thoracic surgery show a neuropathic component?
### Response:
| Up to half the chronic pain after thoracic surgery is not associated with a neuropathic component, which has not been reported to date. More extensive surgery and pleurectomy are predictive factors for chronic pain after thoracic surgery, suggesting a visceral component apart from nerve injury. |
### Instruction:
Does 12/15-Lipoxygenase activity increase the degradation of macrophage ATP-binding cassette transporter G1?
### Response:
| We conclude that serine phosphorylation may increase the degradation rate of ABCG1, and as a result cause macrophage cholesterol accumulation. These findings provide evidence that 12/15LO activity in the vessel wall contributes to atherogenesis by impairing the macrophage ABCG1 cholesterol efflux pathway. |
### Instruction:
Do patients with primary antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and without associated vascular risk factors present a normal endothelial function?
### Response:
| Endothelial function in patients with PAPS and no associated risk factors is similar to that of age- and sex- matched controls. These data suggest that the alterations leading to thrombosis in PAPS concern primarily the clotting system. |
### Instruction:
Is muscle power related to tibial bone strength in older women?
### Response:
| Muscle power significantly contributed to the variance in estimated bone strength. Whether power training will prove to be a more effective stimulus for bone strength than conventional strength training will require further studies. |
### Instruction:
Does pCR-based analysis of differentially methylated regions of GNAS enable convenient diagnostic testing of pseudohypoparathyroidism type Ib?
### Response:
| We provide a simple diagnostic test for PHPIb, an imprinting disorder caused by different molecular changes within the GNAS complex locus. PHPIb, a complex and diagnostically challenging clinical phenotype, can be treated successfully by taking steps before the manifestation of symptoms to avoid clinical complications ... |
### Instruction:
Do functional residual capacity breath hold for subtraction image of dynamic liver MRI?
### Response:
| The liver positions with FRC B-H were markedly more reproducible than those with VE B-H. To improve the registration accuracy of subtraction dynamic liver MRI, the FRC B-H should be used. |
### Instruction:
Does targeting of CDC20 via small interfering RNA cause enhancement of the cytotoxicity of chemoradiation?
### Response:
| CDC20 is a promising target for gene specific therapy in human pancreatic cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is aberrant methylation of the HACE1 gene frequently detected in advanced colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| HACE1 might act as a tumor suppressor in colorectal carcinomas and HACE1 methylation might present a malignant potential in colorectal cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid ( SAHA ) induce apoptosis or autophagy-associated cell death in chondrosarcoma cell lines?
### Response:
| These results suggest that SAHA might be a promising agent for performing clinically useful chemotherapy against chondrosarcomas. |
### Instruction:
Is connectivity between posterior parietal cortex and ipsilateral motor cortex altered in schizophrenia?
### Response:
| Parieto-motor connectivity is impaired in schizophrenia. Cortico-cortical disconnection might be a core feature of schizophrenia. |
### Instruction:
Is smoking a risk factor for early conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis?
### Response:
| Smoking is associated with an increased risk for early conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a clinically isolated syndrome, and our results suggest that smoking is an independent but modifiable risk factor for disease progression of multiple sclerosis. Therefore, it should be considered in the cou... |
### Instruction:
Is gG genotype of cyclin D1 G870A polymorphism associated with non-cardiac gastric cancer in a high-risk region of China?
### Response:
| The CCND1870 GG genotype is associated with an increased risk for non-cardiac gastric cancer in patients in a high-risk area of China. Larger studies with multiple polymorphisms are needed to verify this finding and the function of this polymorphism needs to be further investigated. |
### Instruction:
Are positive patch-test reactions to platinum rare?
### Response:
| Positive patch-test reactions to platinum are rare. However, platinum jewelry may occasionally provoke allergic contact dermatitis. |
### Instruction:
Do kinase domain point mutations in Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia emerge after therapy with BCR-ABL kinase inhibitors?
### Response:
| ABL KD mutations, especially at codons 315 and 253, emerged at the time of disease recurrence in the vast majority of patients who had Ph-positive ALL and received maintenance KI therapy. Thus, the authors concluded that ongoing KI exposure may alter the patterns of recurrence and favor the outgrowth of clones with KI-... |
### Instruction:
Is `` If there a doctor aboard this flight . . . `` : issues and advice for the passenger-psychiatrist?
### Response:
| A range of medical problems can present during air travel. A review of the available literature on a doctor's obligations when confronted with an in-flight medical emergency is provided. Guidelines for the passenger psychiatrist,who at some stage is likely to encounter such a circumstance, are offered. |
### Instruction:
Does lithium inhibit proliferation of human esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109 by inducing a G2/M cell cycle arrest?
### Response:
| Lithium can inhibit the proliferation of human esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109 by inducing a G(2)/M cell cycle arrest, which is mainly mediated through the inhibition of lithium-sensitive molecule, GSK-3beta, and reduction of cyclin B1 expression. |
### Instruction:
Do electrophysiological spread of excitation and pitch perception for dual and single electrodes using the Nucleus Freedom cochlear implant?
### Response:
| Dual electrode stimulation produced similar SOE functions as single electrode stimulation. A tonotopic ordering of electrodes at the peak of the SOE and on the sides of the functions was found, but this was not statistically related to the pitch ranking results. |
### Instruction:
Is lower level of MAPK expression associated with anthracycline resistance and decreased survival in patients with hormone receptor negative breast cancer?
### Response:
| MAPK expression is a significant prognostic factor for non-metastatic patients with hormone receptor breast cancer. A lower level of staining is shown to be associated with with antracycline resistance and oveall survival, whereas a higher expression level is correlated with shorter survival following initial relapse, ... |
### Instruction:
Does lifespan mental activity predict diminished rate of hippocampal atrophy?
### Response:
| High level of complex mental activity across the lifespan was correlated with a reduced rate of hippocampal atrophy. This finding could not be explained by general differences in intracranial volume, larger hippocampi at baseline, presence of hypertensive disease, gender or low mood. Our results suggest that neuroprote... |
### Instruction:
Is glycine N-methyltransferase a favorable prognostic marker for human cholangiocarcinoma?
### Response:
| GNMT expression is a favorable prognosis predictor for cholangiocarcinoma. |
### Instruction:
Does environmental attribute related to walking and bicycling at the individual and contextual level?
### Response:
| These results stress the importance for reviews and meta-analyses of recording type of measurement and type of analytical strategy used and incorporating them in the review process. Using advanced multilevel designs will still only partly solve the methodological issues involved in studying environmental attributes ass... |
### Instruction:
Do toll-like receptor 1 polymorphisms affect innate immune responses and outcomes in sepsis?
### Response:
| Hypermorphic genetic variation in TLR1 is associated with increased susceptibility to organ dysfunction, death, and gram-positive infection in sepsis. |
### Instruction:
Does the ankle-to-arm blood pressure index predict risk of cardiac complications after noncardiac surgery?
### Response:
| An abnormally low AAI, indicative of underlying peripheral arterial disease, is an independent risk factor for postoperative cardiac complications. The accuracy of the AAI is similar to the rCRI, and it provides additional independent predictive value for preoperative cardiac risk stratification. |
### Instruction:
Is the Ser96Ala variant in histidine-rich calcium-binding protein associated with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy?
### Response:
| The Ser96Ala genetic variant of HRC is associated with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias in idiopathic DCM and may serve as an independent predictor of susceptibility to arrhythmogenesis in the setting of DCM. |
### Instruction:
Do high levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein predict the progression of chronic rheumatic mitral stenosis?
### Response:
| These results suggest that increased hsCRP levels are associated with CRMS severity. These association may be important when treating patients with CRMS. |
### Instruction:
Does activation of submucosal but not myenteric plexus of the gastrointestinal tract accompany reduction of food intake by camostat?
### Response:
| Activation of the submucosal plexus by cholecystokinin at the CCK(1) receptor accompanies stimulation of the dorsal vagal complex of the hindbrain and inhibition of food intake. Unlike the submucosal plexus, activation of the myenteric plexus is not necessary for cholecystokinin's influence on the dorsal vagal complex ... |
### Instruction:
Does right-to-left shunt increase white matter lesion load in migraine with aura patients?
### Response:
| The presence of right-to-left shunt does not increase white matter lesion load in patients who have migraine with aura. |
### Instruction:
Are five-year alterations in BMI associated with clustering of changes in cardiovascular risk factors in a gender-dependant way : the Stanislas study?
### Response:
| In our population, there was a strong linear trend between increasing BMI and worsening of various MS-related variables. More interestingly, the identification of five factors associated with BMI changes dependent to gender, support the hypothesis that weight gain, and probably obesity, trigger metabolic mechanisms tha... |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous dexmedetomidine decrease lung permeability induced by intracranial hypertension in rats?
### Response:
| Prophylactic IV Dex decreases lung permeability as well as hemodynamic changes induced by ICH in rats. |
### Instruction:
Is decline in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate observed in chronic urticaria associated with psychological distress?
### Response:
| The results of the present study show that CU patients suffer from the psychological distress. We demonstrated for the first time that DHEA-S decline observed in CU patients might be a phenomenon secondary to psychological disturbances. |
### Instruction:
Are exfoliation syndrome and exfoliation glaucoma-associated LOXL1 variations involved in pigment dispersion syndrome and pigmentary glaucoma?
### Response:
| There was no involvement of the LOXL1 SNPs in patients with PDS and PG. The results further indicate that the associations of these SNPs are specific to XFS/XFG. |
### Instruction:
Does lamivudine treatment improve the prognosis of fulminant hepatitis B?
### Response:
| This study suggests the efficacy of lamivudine for fulminant hepatitis B in the area where the main infection genotype is B. We consider that lamivudine is worth administering to patients with fulminant hepatitis B. |
### Instruction:
Does effect of dissemination of evidence in reducing injuries from fall?
### Response:
| Dissemination of evidence about fall prevention, coupled with interventions to change clinical practice, may reduce fall-related injuries in elderly persons. |
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