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### Instruction:
Does glutaraldehyde detoxification in addition to enhanced amine cross-linking dramatically reduce bioprosthetic tissue calcification in the rat model?
### Response:
| Removal of excess GA from fixed bioprosthetic tissue was capable of markedly improving the anti-calcific effect of enhanced GA cross-linking. |
### Instruction:
Is the muscle mitogen-activated protein kinase altered in sporadic inclusion body myositis?
### Response:
| In s-IBM, there is increased p42MAPK activation and abnormal intracellular protein phosphorylation with selective accumulation of a 35 kD phosphoprotein within the vacuolated fibers. Although the hyperexpression of 35kD protein may represent cytoskeletal by-products due to heightened p42MAPK activation, its abundant ex... |
### Instruction:
Does basic fibroblast growth factor increase tissue factor expression in circulating monocytes and in vascular wall?
### Response:
| This study demonstrates that systemic administration of bFGF induces an impressive increase of TF expression in circulating monocytes and in the vascular wall in normal and to a lower extent in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. The significance of this observation in terms of inducing thrombosis in vivo needs clarification... |
### Instruction:
Does endovascular irradiation from beta-particle-emitting gold stents result in increased neointima formation in a porcine restenosis model?
### Response:
| Neointima formation in pigs is markedly increased by beta-particle-emitting stents with (198)Au as the radioisotope. This study provides evidence that dosages of 3 to 18 Gy of low-dose-rate beta-particle irradiation via endovascular stents cause pronounced luminal narrowing in the animal model at 3 months. |
### Instruction:
Is interleukin-6 blood level associated with circulating carcinoembryonic antigen and prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| In patients with colorectal cancer, blood concentration of IL-6 is associated with high circulating CEA and advanced stage. Furthermore, an IL-6 concentration of more than 10 pg/ml is an independent negative prognostic marker of survival. |
### Instruction:
Does as-needed use of fluticasone propionate nasal spray reduce symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis?
### Response:
| As-needed fluticasone propionate nasal spray is efficacious in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. |
### Instruction:
Does suplatast tosilate inhibit goblet-cell metaplasia of airway epithelium in sensitized mice?
### Response:
| These results indicate that suplatast tosilate prevents allergen-induced goblet-cell metaplasia and the recruitment of eosinophils and lymphocytes into the airways. These results suggest that this effect is due to the prevention of the production of T(H2) cytokines in airways. |
### Instruction:
Do airway mast cells and eosinophils correlate with clinical severity and airway hyperresponsiveness in corticosteroid-treated asthma?
### Response:
| In asthmatic patients treated with cortico-steroids, the dominant inflammatory effector cell in the epithelium is the metachromatic cell, and in sputum it is the eosinophil. These cells correlate with the degree of airway hyperresponsiveness. Clinical asthma severity correlates with airway responsiveness and epithelial... |
### Instruction:
Does brain natriuretic peptide increase acutely and much more prominently than atrial natriuretic peptide during coronary angioplasty?
### Response:
| Plasma BNP levels increase acutely and much more prominently than those of plasma ANP during coronary angioplasty; however, plasma BNP levels return to baseline values shortly after the end of the procedure. |
### Instruction:
Does the environmental pollutant pyrene induce the production of IL-4?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that pyrene may promote allergic diseases by inducing the production of IL-4. |
### Instruction:
Does three-dimensional matrix suppress E2F-controlled gene expression in glomerular mesangial cells?
### Response:
| These results suggest that a three-dimensional collagen induces cell cycle arrest via suppression of E2F-controlled gene expression in mesangial cells. Dephosphorylation of pRB and p130 and subsequent generation of transrepressor complexes, E2F-pRB and E2F-p130, may be involved in this process. |
### Instruction:
Does nitric oxide mediate cyclosporine-induced apoptosis in cultured renal cells?
### Response:
| CsA induces apoptosis in various renal cell lines, and this effect is mediated by the induction of iNOS via p53. These effects may contribute to the acellular fibrosis characteristic of late CsA nephrotoxicity. |
### Instruction:
Is helicobacter pylori infection associated with milder gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?
### Response:
| H. pylori infection is associated with milder GERD. |
### Instruction:
Is the extent of synchronous initiation and termination of DNA synthesis in regenerating mouse liver dependent on connexin32 expressing gap junctions?
### Response:
| Loss of connexin32 protein and/or diminished expression of connexin26 did not promote G0/1-S transition of hepatocytes in two-thirds hepatectomized mouse livers. Instead, the extent of synchronous initiation and termination of DNA synthesis in regenerating liver was altered in connexin32-deficient mice. |
### Instruction:
Does growth hormone induce CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha ( C/EBPalpha ) in cultured rat hepatocytes?
### Response:
| Growth hormone enhances the levels of C/EBPalpha mRNA and protein as well as the DNA binding activity of C/EBPalpha in cultured rat hepatocytes. |
### Instruction:
Are [ Elevated levels of lipoprotein ( a ) present in subjects with early ischemic cardiopathy and with a familial history of ischemic cardiopathy ]?
### Response:
| Such data confirm the importance of high levels of Lp(a) above all for the early events of CHD and for the subjects with a family history of CHD, which could be expression of a greater predisposition for cardiovascular events. |
### Instruction:
Do electrical burn of urethra as cause of stricture after transurethral resection?
### Response:
| Our in vitro experiment showed that urethral burns secondary to stray current in the resectoscope sheath are unlikely when an intact loop is used. However, urethral burns can occur when a loop/rollerball with faulty insulation is used, especially in combination with nonconductive gel that is dispersed unevenly within t... |
### Instruction:
Does short-acting general anaesthesia facilitate therapeutic ERCP in frail elderly patients with benign extra-hepatic biliary disease?
### Response:
| Bile duct clearance by therapeutic ERCP can be safely carried out in frail elderly patients in a district general hospital and the process is facilitated by the use of short-acting general anaesthesia. The importance of optimizing the patient's condition before ERCP, and not overfilling the pancreatic duct, is highligh... |
### Instruction:
Is the Gln27Glu polymorphism in the beta2-adrenergic receptor gene associated with morbid obesity in Austrian women?
### Response:
| We conclude that the two polymorphisms in the beta2AR gene studied are not a major factor contributing to obesity in our population. |
### Instruction:
Do intermittent capnography during high-frequency jet ventilation for prolonged rigid bronchoscopy?
### Response:
| Capnography performed during short periods of HFJV discontinuation reliably and noninvasively reflects PaCO2 during prolonged endoscopic procedures. Capnography during HFJV for RBS may reduce the frequency of arterial blood gas sampling, the duration of unmonitored intervals and costs. |
### Instruction:
Are circulating lipoprotein profiles modulated differently by lipoprotein lipase in obese humans?
### Response:
| We conclude that postheparin LpL activity relates to different lipoproteins in obese and non-obese individuals. In obesity, greater LpL activity may enhance conversion of very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to LDL cholesterol, whereas in non-obese individuals the correlation is with HDL cholesterol. Whether this i... |
### Instruction:
Do angiotensin II blockade and low-protein diet produce additive therapeutic effects in experimental glomerulonephritis?
### Response:
| Ang II blockade and low-protein diet have additive effects on disease reduction, suggesting that disease progression in humans with chronic renal failure may be slowed more effectively when Ang II blockade and low-protein diet are combined. Since maximal pharmacological Ang II inhibition was used, it is likely that die... |
### Instruction:
Does intermittent administration of parathyroid hormone ( 1-37 ) improve growth and bone mineral density in uremic rats?
### Response:
| Pulsatile administration of PTH does not adversely affect, but improves longitudinal growth independent of concomitant treatment with C. At the same time PTH increases BMD and the calcium content of bone. |
### Instruction:
Does location of mutations within the PKD2 gene influence clinical outcome?
### Response:
| The identification of groups of mutations in the PKD2 gene, which differ significantly with respect to clinical outcome, is to our knowledge the first description of a genotype/phenotype correlation in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. It also provides evidence against complete loss of function of the mutan... |
### Instruction:
Does cAMP stimulate the in vitro proliferation of renal cyst epithelial cells by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway?
### Response:
| : We conclude that cAMP agonists stimulate the proliferation of ADPKD but not HKC epithelial cells through PKA activation of the ERK pathway at a locus distal to receptor tyrosine kinase. We suggest that the adenylyl cyclase signaling pathway may have a unique role in determining the rate of cyst enlargement in ADPKD t... |
### Instruction:
Does very low-density lipoprotein stimulate the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in mesangial cells?
### Response:
| Our results demonstrate that elevated levels of VLDL, through the action of MCP-1, may contribute to the infiltration of monocytes into the mesangium and subsequent foam cell formation. Hence, VLDLs may play a role in the pathogenesis of focal glomerulosclerosis. One of the mechanisms of such effect may be mediated thr... |
### Instruction:
Is pantoprazole 20 mg an effective maintenance therapy for patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease?
### Response:
| Both the 20 mg and 40 mg doses of pantoprazole are safe and effective in maintaining patients with healed reflux oesophagitis in remission. Moreover, for the majority of patients, the 20 mg dose provides adequate long-term therapeutic efficacy at a minimal drug exposure and lower costs. |
### Instruction:
Is h ( 2 ) O ( 2 ) an important mediator of physiological and pathological healing responses?
### Response:
| Based on these findings, and on the fact that H(2)O(2) is produced during TGF-beta-induced upregulation of the alpha1(I) procollagen gene, we conclude that H(2)O(2) is one of the mediators of healing responses. |
### Instruction:
Does a second hysterosalpingography reduce the use of selective technique for treatment of a proximal tubal obstruction?
### Response:
| In infertile women with proximal tubal obstruction, we believe it is best to perform a second HSG. HSG is easy to carry out and subjects patients to a lower dosage of radiation and fewer risks than selective salpingography. The latter technique should be reserved for unsuccessful cases. |
### Instruction:
Does gene transfer of endothelial nitric oxide synthase alter endothelium-dependent relaxations in aortas from diabetic rabbits?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of eNOS to diabetic aorta alters vascular reactivity. |
### Instruction:
Do [ p53 and steroid receptors support double endometrial carcinogenesis ]?
### Response:
| p53 positivity is most frequently identified in non-endometrioid type, receptor negative adenocarcinomas, even in a precursor lesion as it is intraepithelial carcinoma, while in endometrioid, receptor positive carcinomas it appear in late stages of development, never being identified in precursor lesions. |
### Instruction:
Is beneficial effect of prodromal angina pectoris lost in elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| In nonelderly patients, prodromal angina in the 24 hours before infarction was associated with a smaller infarct size and better short- and long-term survival, suggesting a relation to ischemic preconditioning. However, such a beneficial effect was not observed in elderly patients. |
### Instruction:
Does hyperthermia affect rejoining of DNA double-strand breaks in a cell-free assay?
### Response:
| The results indicate that an increased retention of proteins in heated nuclei is not necessarily associated with an inhibition of dsb rejoining. While the in vitro system may only reproduce certain aspects of the in vivo conditions, the results suggest that protein accretion as a mechanism of heat radiosensitization re... |
### Instruction:
Is lack of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission associated with elevated serum levels of 90 K immune modulatory protein?
### Response:
| These results suggest that high 90 K protein serum levels in HIV-1-infected mothers and their new-borns are associated with lack of mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. |
### Instruction:
Does nafamostat mesilate modulate the release of platelet-activating factor during left ventricular assistance with hemofiltration in canine heart failure?
### Response:
| We concluded that platelet-activating factor may play a critical role in the development of severe heart failure with left ventricular assistance, and nafamostat administration is likely to be beneficial in such a critical condition by suppressing the platelet-activating factor level. |
### Instruction:
Is bacterial cell death induced by human pro-apoptotic Bax blocked by an RNase E mutant that functions in an anti-oxidant pathway?
### Response:
| The N-terminal region of the RNase E protein inhibits bacterial death induced by human Bax as well as paraquat through a unique mechanism that is distinct from RNA digestion. This study implies that the protection of bacterial death induced by Bax is associated with an anti-oxidant pathway and that a mutant RNase E has... |
### Instruction:
Does hyperthermia enhance the response of paclitaxel and radiation in a mouse adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| Hyperthermia enhanced the effectiveness of paclitaxel in all the tested protocols. Our results show a superadditive effect of paclitaxel 45 mg/kg combined with a hyperthermic treatment of 1 h at 43 degrees C. Trimodality treatment, evaluated in terms of percentage of cures, shows a very high enhancement ratio. |
### Instruction:
Does fK506 ( tacrolimus ) increase halothane-induced Ca2+ release from skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum?
### Response:
| Dissociation of FK506 binding protein from its binding site in skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles can modulate halothane-induced Ca2+ release through the ryanodine receptor. Data are discussed in relation to the role of the FK506 binding protein in modulating the effect of halothane on the ryanodine recept... |
### Instruction:
Is low-dose continuous oral fosfestrol highly active in 'hormone-refractory ' prostate cancer?
### Response:
| FOSF produces high rates of PSA-determined and symptomatic response in 'hormone-refractory' prostate cancer. Toxicity and ease of administration compare favorably with those reported for CHT regimens used in this setting. The role of estrogens in prostate cancer should be redefined. |
### Instruction:
Is the expression of p16 ( INK4a ) , the product of a tumor suppressor gene for melanoma , upregulated in human melanocytes by UVB irradiation?
### Response:
| UVB irradiation transcriptionally activates the expression of p16(INK4a) in cultured human melanocytes. Therefore the growth arrest that occurs with irradiation of melanocytes could be mediated, in part, by upregulation of p16(INK4a). This transient arrest may allow repair of UVB-induced DNA damage before cell division... |
### Instruction:
Is endothelial dysfunction detectable in young normotensive first-degree relatives of subjects with type 2 diabetes in association with insulin resistance?
### Response:
| There is a significant association between ED and insulin resistance in young FDRs of DM subjects independent of the classic cardiovascular risk factors. |
### Instruction:
Does preoperative lymphoscintigraphy for breast cancer improve the ability to identify axillary sentinel lymph nodes?
### Response:
| Preoperative lymphoscintigraphy does not improve the ability to identify axillary SLN during surgery, nor does it decrease the false-negative rate. Routine preoperative lymphoscintigraphy is not necessary for the identification of axillary SLNs in breast cancer. |
### Instruction:
Does neoadjuvant interleukin-12 immunogene therapy protect against cancer recurrence after liver resection in an animal model?
### Response:
| This neoadjuvant immune strategy may prove useful in reducing the incidence of cancer recurrence after hepatic resection. |
### Instruction:
Does administration of L-thyroxine improve the response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis to clomiphene citrate in functional hypothalamic amenorrhea?
### Response:
| Administration of L-thyroxine with clomiphene does not improve the response of the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis to clomiphene citrate or the number of ovulatory cycles and does not reduce luteal phase defects. |
### Instruction:
Does the release of unsuitable units through misinterpretation of laboratory result transmitted by facsimile?
### Response:
| The vast majority of blood collected in New York State is tested by reference laboratories. Results are often transmitted by facsimile. Facsimile results may be misinterpreted because of distortion during transmission, misreading, or failure to note a separate report of pending results. Such misinterpretation results i... |
### Instruction:
Do determination of the in situ bactericidal activity of an essential oil mouthrinse using a vital stain method?
### Response:
| This study confirms the findings of previous in vitro and in vivo studies which demonstrated the essential oil mouthrinse to have significant biocidal activity against oral micro-organisms. These studies all support the primacy of a bactericidal mechanism in producing the plaque and gingivitis reductions observed in nu... |
### Instruction:
Does rosiglitazone short-term monotherapy lower fasting and post-prandial glucose in patients with type II diabetes?
### Response:
| Rosiglitazone given twice daily significantly reduced fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations, C peptide, insulin and nonesterified fatty acids in Type II diabetic patients. The glucose-lowering effect of the 4-mg twice-daily dose of rosiglitazone was similar to that of 6-mg twice daily, suggesting that 4 mg tw... |
### Instruction:
Does antibiotic prophylaxis in percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ( PEG ) -- result from a prospective randomized multicenter trial?
### Response:
| Single-dose ceftriaxone 1 g is a effective prophylaxis against local and systemic infection after PEG and should be a part of a standard regimen. |
### Instruction:
Does aMPA receptor blockade improve levodopa-induced dyskinesia in MPTP monkeys?
### Response:
| AMPA receptor upregulation may contribute to the expression of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. Conceivably, noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonists could be useful, alone or in combination with NMDA antagonists, in the treatment of PD, by enhancing the antiparkinsonian effects of levodopa without increasing and possibly ... |
### Instruction:
Does successful interferon therapy reverse enhanced hepatic iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation in chronic hepatitis C?
### Response:
| Patients with CH-C have evidence of enhanced hepatic iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation compared to those with CH-B. In CH-C, hepatic siderosis and lipid peroxidation are improved with successful IFN treatment. These results suggest that hepatic lipid peroxidation and iron may potentially play contributory roles ... |
### Instruction:
Do igG receptor IIa alleles determine susceptibility and severity of Guillain-Barré syndrome?
### Response:
| FcgammaRIIa allotypes capable of initiating efficient cellular effector functions are associated with increased risk for GBS and a more severe disease course. FcgammaR alleles may constitute novel genetic risk markers for GBS. |
### Instruction:
Is serum carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I a marker of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease?
### Response:
| These results show a strong correlation between myocardial collagen content and the serum concentration of PIP in essential hypertension. Although preliminary, these findings suggest that the determination of PIP may be an easy and reliable method for the screening and diagnosis of severe myocardial fibrosis associated... |
### Instruction:
Do human first trimester fetal ovaries express oncofetal antigens and steroid receptors?
### Response:
| PLAP, ER and PR were the most extensively expressed protein antigens, particularly in fetal ovarian cortex. These variable patterns of expression suggest levels of differentiation in the immature first trimester human fetal ovary. |
### Instruction:
Are patients with diabetic neuropathy at risk of a greater intraoperative reduction in core temperature?
### Response:
| The current results indicate that diabetic autonomic neuropathy is associated with more severe intraoperative hypothermia. We postulate that diabetic patients become more hypothermic because their peripheral neuropathy delays the onset of thermoregulatory vasoconstriction and reduces its efficacy once triggered. These ... |
### Instruction:
Is opiate-induced analgesia increased and prolonged in mice lacking P-glycoprotein?
### Response:
| These results suggest that P-glycoprotein acts to limit the entry of some opiates into the brain and that acute administration of P-glycoprotein inhibitors can increase the sensitivity to these opiates. |
### Instruction:
Does succinylcholine metabolite succinic acid alter steady state activation in muscle sodium channels?
### Response:
| Succinic acid facilitates voltage-dependent activation in muscle sodium channels in vitro. This might lead to muscle hyperexcitability in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does intrathecal dexmedetomidine attenuate hypercapnic but not hypoxic cerebral vasodilation in anesthetized rabbits?
### Response:
| The presence of alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist administered intrathecally into the lumbar spinal region attenuates hypercapnic but not hypoxic cerebral vasodilation, probably via a stimulation of central alpha2-adrenergic receptors of the central nervous system. |
### Instruction:
Do anesthetics and mild hypothermia similarly prevent hippocampal neuron death in an in vitro model of cerebral ischemia?
### Response:
| In hippocampal slices, neuron death from simulated ischemia was predominately due to activation of glutamate receptors. Isoflurane, sodium pentothal, an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, and mild hypothermia prevented cell death to similar degrees. For isoflurane, the mechanism appears to involve attenuation of... |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin A status modulate intestinal adaptation after partial small bowel resection?
### Response:
| Vitamin A deficiency inhibits the adaptive response to partial small bowel resection, supporting a role for vitamin A in the adaptive process. Changes in cellular proliferation or programmed cell death are not sufficient to account for this inhibition. This model system will be useful for examining the role of other me... |
### Instruction:
Do enteral nutrition and keratinocyte growth factor regulate expression of glutathione-related enzyme messenger RNAs in rat intestine?
### Response:
| Enteral nutrient intake regulates GSH-related enzyme mRNA levels in the intestine, which may contribute to the decrease in mucosal GSH during malnutrition. Increased ns-GPx and glutathione-S-transferase mRNA levels during malnutrition and with KGF administration may increase detoxifying functions in the gut under these... |
### Instruction:
Is autoantibody recognition of distinctly modified forms of the U1-70-kd antigen associated with different clinical disease manifestations?
### Response:
| Recognition of apoptotically and oxidatively modified forms of the U1-70-kd autoantigen are associated with distinct clinical rheumatic disease manifestations. This finding provides in vivo evidence for the hypothesis that immune recognition of modified forms of self antigens may be relevant to the pathogenesis of syst... |
### Instruction:
Do human proinsulin gene-transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells secrete immunoreactive insulin?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that the hPI gene can be transfected into mammalian cells and function in vivo, and suggest that this kind of gene technology may be applicable in the development of an artificial pancreas. |
### Instruction:
Does isoflurane delays but prevent cerebral infarction in rats subjected to focal ischemia?
### Response:
| Compared with the awake state, isoflurane reduced the extent of infarction assessed 2 days after focal ischemia in rats. At 14 days, however, only selective neuronal necrosis, but not infarction, was reduced by isoflurane. These results suggest that isoflurane delays but does not prevent cerebral infarction caused by f... |
### Instruction:
Does smoking decrease alveolar macrophage function during anesthesia and surgery?
### Response:
| Smoking was associated with macrophage aggregation but markedly reduced phagocytic and microbicidal activity-possibly because expression of proinflammatory cytokines was reduced in these patients. Our data thus suggest that smokers may have a limited ability to mount an effective pulmonary immune defense after anesthes... |
### Instruction:
Does acute triiodothyronine administration reverse depressed contractile performance following catecholamine exposure in isolated rat cardiomyocytes?
### Response:
| This study confirms previous reports of impaired cardiac function after high catecholamine exposure. High catecholamine exposure is associated with a desensitization of contractile proteins for calcium. Acute T3 administration increased contractility in untreated myocytes, but further depressed myocyte shortening in ep... |
### Instruction:
Does penicillin G alter collagen type I metabolism of dermal fibroblasts in culture?
### Response:
| There is no evidence of a direct antifibrotic effect of PenG on dermal fibroblasts; therefore, other mechanisms might be responsible for its effect in the treatment of SSc patients. |
### Instruction:
Does cytomegalovirus induce sialyl Lewis ( x ) and Lewis ( x ) on human endothelial cells?
### Response:
| Given the known biologic functions of sLe(x) and Le(x), we suggest that CMV induction of these molecules may have widespread consequences ranging from CMV dissemination to induction of CMV-associated vascular disease, including thrombosis. |
### Instruction:
Does endothelial nitric oxide synthase protect aortic allografts from the development of transplant arteriosclerosis?
### Response:
| We found that eNOS plays a protective role in allografts, and that in eNOS-deficient allografts, early overexpression of iNOS is capable of preventing the development of allograft arteriosclerosis. In allografts with dysfunctional vascular endothelium and impaired eNOS activity as a result of ischemia or native arterio... |
### Instruction:
Does cytomegalovirus infection of vascular cells induce expression of pro-inflammatory adhesion molecules by paracrine action of secreted interleukin-1beta?
### Response:
| We propose that HCMV infection induces IL-1beta release and subsequent up-regulation of pro-inflammatory adhesion molecules on noninfected neighboring cells through a paracrine mechanism. This may lead to local potentiation of the inflammatory effects of HCMV infection, not amenable to current therapeutic antiviral str... |
### Instruction:
Is early expression of interferon-gamma inducible protein 10 and monokine induced by interferon-gamma in cardiac allografts mediated by CD8+ T cells?
### Response:
| Early intraallograft expression of Mig and IP-10 during primary rejection of cardiac allografts is dependent on the activities of recipient CD8+ T cells. |
### Instruction:
Does p-glycoprotein inhibitor erythromycin increase oral bioavailability of talinolol in humans?
### Response:
| We suggest that the increase in oral bioavailability of talinolol after concomitant erythromycin is caused by increased intestinal net absorption due to Pgp inhibition by erythromycin. |
### Instruction:
Do hydroxyurea and trimidox enhance the radiation effect in human pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells?
### Response:
| The present study demonstrates the superiority of hydroxyurea at non-cytotoxic doses compared to the other two recent RR inhibitors: gemcitabine and trimidox in radio-sensitising human pancreatic cancer cells. Hydroxyurea combined with radiation has significantly improved progression-free survival of advanced cervical ... |
### Instruction:
Is the combination of medical treatment plus multicomponent behavioral therapy superior to medical treatment alone in the therapy of irritable bowel syndrome?
### Response:
| The data provide evidence that the combination of medical treatment plus multicomponent behavioral treatment is superior to medical treatment alone in the therapy of IBS. |
### Instruction:
Is rabeprazole superior to ranitidine in the management of active duodenal ulcer disease : results of a double-blind , randomized North American study?
### Response:
| In patients with active duodenal ulcer disease, rabeprazole 20 mg q.a.m. is superior to ranitidine 150 mg b.i.d. in healing, resolving ulcer pain frequency, improving nighttime pain severity, and improving overall well-being. Rabeprazole is an effective and well-tolerated alternative treatment for patients with active ... |
### Instruction:
Does pretreatment of brain dead rabbits with pinacidil before prolonged cold-storage with an extracellular solution alter aortic endothelial function?
### Response:
| Pre-treatment of brain dead rabbits with pinacidil before prolonged cold-storage with STH solution significantly impaired endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in comparison to storage with STH solution. The role of PCO pre-treatment in the context of cardiac transplantation needs to be reconsidered. |
### Instruction:
Does intrathecal morphine suppress NK cell activity following abdominal surgery?
### Response:
| These results suggest that long-lasting analgesic effects of intrathecal 0.5 mg morphine suppress the immune response following abdominal surgery. |
### Instruction:
Does liver disease affect lipolysis as measured with the 13C-mixed triacylglycerol breath test in children with cystic fibrosis?
### Response:
| Intestinal lipolysis is not reduced in cystic fibrosis liver disease when measured using the 13C mixed triacylglycerol breath test. These findings affirm the test's use as an indirect measure of fat digestion that is not affected by inadequate intraluminal bile salts or liver disease. |
### Instruction:
Is microfine zinc oxide a superior sunscreen ingredient to microfine titanium dioxide?
### Response:
| Microfine zinc oxide is superior to microfine titanium dioxide as a sunscreen ingredient. It is more protective against long-wave UVA and is less white at a given concentration. |
### Instruction:
Does increased aortic compliance maintain left ventricular performance at lower energetic cost?
### Response:
| These data suggest that, when facing an increased aortic compliance, the left ventricle displays unchanged contractility, but the energetic cost of cardiac ejection is significantly decreased. These data may be of clinical importance when choosing an artificial prosthesis for ascending aortic replacement. |
### Instruction:
Do surgeon and type of anesthesia predict variability in surgical procedure times?
### Response:
| Surgeon-specific variability should be considered when building scheduling heuristics for longer surgeries. Results concerning variability in surgical procedure times due to factors such as type of anesthesia, age, gender, and American Society of Anesthesiologists risk class may be extrapolated to scheduling in other i... |
### Instruction:
Does avian genetic background modulate the neural crest apoptosis induced by ethanol exposure?
### Response:
| Factors within the embryo and/or egg environment can affect the susceptibility to ethanol-induced apoptosis. These sensitive and resistant strains will be important tools to dissect the molecular mechanism of ethanol-induced apoptosis, and for understanding how these losses affect subsequent development. |
### Instruction:
Is laparoscopic lower anterior resection equivalent to laparotomy for lower rectal cancer at the distal line of resection?
### Response:
| This new technique made laparoscopic lower anterior resection possible to transect the lower rectum in the same way as is done with laparotomy. |
### Instruction:
Are t lymphocytes required for the spontaneous development of entheseal ossification leading to marginal ankylosis in the DBA/1 mouse?
### Response:
| The naturally occurring arthritis in male DBA/1 mice is a T cell-independent enthesopathy characterized by periarticular hyperostosis and marginal ankylosis. This suggests that the ossification leading to peripheral ankylosis of the joints in human enthesopathies, such as diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis and se... |
### Instruction:
Do noninherited maternal antigens play a role in rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in Europe . European Consortium on Rheumatoid Arthritis Families?
### Response:
| Our results do not support the notion that noninherited maternal antigens have a role in susceptibility to RA in the offspring. |
### Instruction:
Does interval hepatic resection of colorectal metastases improve patient selection?
### Response:
| Delaying hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer does not impair survival. Potentially, two thirds of patients can avoid maj or hepatic surgery. For synchronous metastases, delaying hepatic resection appears to select patients who will benefit from hepatic resection. |
### Instruction:
Are peripheral blood neutrophils from hepatitis C virus-infected patients replication sites of the virus?
### Response:
| These data suggest that PML are replication sites of HCV. Whether the infection occurs at the level of the stem cells or subsequently during myeloid cell differentiation is, as yet, unknown. The absence of correlation between the presence of replicative forms and any clinical and/or laboratory data opens the question o... |
### Instruction:
Is depression but not anxiety a significant predictor of physicians ' assessments of medical status in physically ill patients?
### Response:
| Our data demonstrate that internists' ratings of severity of illness and functional impairment, but not prognosis, are associated with HADS depression scores, whereas there is no such association with self-rated anxiety. |
### Instruction:
Do glucocorticosteroids rapidly inhibit allergen-induced expression of E-selectin in vitro in a mucosal model of allergic rhinitis?
### Response:
| Allergen-induced E-selectin expression is significantly and rapidly inhibited by GCS preincubation, fluticasone being more potent than prednisolone and fluocortin butyl. We suggest that this rapid effect is mainly indirect, possibly by inhibition of allergen-induced cytokine release. |
### Instruction:
Does microtensile bond strengths of glass ionomer ( polyalkenoate ) cement to dentine using four conditioners?
### Response:
| The use of surface conditioners resulted in improvement in bond strength of Fuji II LC, while Photac-Fil Quick and Fuji IX GP showed no difference. |
### Instruction:
Is helicobacter pylori infection a major risk factor for gastric carcinoma in young patients?
### Response:
| We confirmed a strong association between H. pylori infection and GCa in young patients. Along with H. pylori infection, histologic gastritis might play an important role in the pathogenesis of GCa in these patients. |
### Instruction:
Does omeprazole interfere with the antiplatelet effect of low-dose aspirin in man?
### Response:
| A single dose of 20 mg omeprazole daily does not interfere with the biologic activity of 125 mg aspirin on platelets in humans. |
### Instruction:
Do job strain and anger expression predict early morning elevations in salivary cortisol?
### Response:
| Job strain is associated with elevated free cortisol concentrations early in the working day but not with reduced cortisol variability. The interaction with outward anger expression suggests that individual characteristics modulate the impact of chronic work stress on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system. |
### Instruction:
Do adventitial mast cells connect with sensory nerve fibers in atherosclerotic coronary arteries?
### Response:
| Neurogenic stimulation of mast cells in the adventitia of coronary arteries may release vasoactive compounds, such as histamine and leukotrienes, which can contribute to the complex neurohormonal response that leads to abnormal coronary vasoconstriction. |
### Instruction:
Does on-line vectorcardiography during elective coronary angioplasty indicate procedure-related myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Continuous VCG monitoring during elective PTCA is a promising method for immediate detection of patients at increased risk of procedure-related myocardial infarction. |
### Instruction:
Does cathepsin H expression distinguish oncocytomas from renal cell carcinomas?
### Response:
| Cathepsin H histoscore on even cytoplasmic immunostaining is an excellent method for the distinction of oncocytomas and renal cell carcinomas. |
### Instruction:
Does hIV-1 Tat increase endothelial solute permeability through tyrosine kinase and mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent pathways?
### Response:
| These results suggest that HIV may dysregulate endothelial barrier through the effects of Tat-1. These blocker experiments suggest that the effects of Tat are transcription/translation-dependent. These data demonstrate that Tat increases endothelial albumin permeability in vitro through tyrosine kinase and MAP kinase, ... |
### Instruction:
Do computed tomographic abnormalities in Mycobacterium avium complex lung disease include the mosaic pattern of reduced lung attenuation?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that the 3 leading CT abnormalities in nodular-bronchiectatic MAC lung disease are small nodules, reduced attenuation and bronchiectasis. Reduced attenuation appeared to result from gas trapping and hypoxic vasoconstriction due to bronchiolocentric inflammatory nodules. Bronchiectasis appeared to be se... |
### Instruction:
Is resistance modulation in CHO cells by R-verapamil and bile salts associated with physical and chemical changes in the cell membrane?
### Response:
| The results demonstrate that resistance modifiers such as verapamil may influence cytostatic drug action by producing structural changes to lipid domains in the plasma membrane. |
### Instruction:
Does smoking alter the dose-requirements and the pharmacodynamics of rocuronium?
### Response:
| Smoking does not alter the dose-requirements for rocuronium and no effects on the onset time, degree of block, time to maximum block, duration 10% and spontaneous recovery index were observed. |
### Instruction:
Is alpha-catenin expression decreased in human gastric cancers and in the gastric mucosa of first degree relatives?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that loss or downregulation of alpha-catenin expression may be an early event in gastric carcinogenesis and may be associated with H pylori infection. |
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