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### Instruction:
Does [ Ursodeoxycholic acid treatment shorten the course of cholestasis in two patients with benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis ]?
### Response:
| Consensus is lacking on the treatment of BRIC although several treatment have been used. UDCA could be effective in increasing bile acid secretion and in reducing serum bilirubin levels. In the two patients described, the initial dosage was 15 mg/kg/day, which was subsequently maintained at 6 mg/kg/day, which was subse... |
### Instruction:
Does newly developed T-wave inversion with cardiac wall-motion abnormality predominantly occur in middle-aged or elderly women after noncardiac surgery?
### Response:
| Newly developed giant negative T waves with QT prolongation in the ECG may indicate myocardial stunning, but do not in themselves imply a poor prognosis. The marked preponderance of middle-aged and elderly women with this type of myocardial ischemia remains to be explained. |
### Instruction:
Does impulse oscillometry provide an effective measure of lung dysfunction in 4-year-old children at risk for persistent asthma?
### Response:
| IOS bronchodilator responses are remarkably abnormal in 4-year-old children, who are most likely to have persistent asthma. IOS is a useful diagnostic tool in early asthma development and might be a helpful objective outcome measure of early interventions. |
### Instruction:
Does angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 ( AGM-1470 ) suppress vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation after balloon injury in rats?
### Response:
| TNP-470 may be useful in the prevention of vascular intimal hyperplasia. |
### Instruction:
Does absence of p53 lead to accelerated neointimal hyperplasia after vascular injury?
### Response:
| These results indicate a crucial role of p53 in pathological vascular remodeling after mechanical injury and provide the basis for the development of new therapies targeting p53 for a prophylactic treatment of vascular diseases. |
### Instruction:
Is salt sensitivity associated with hyperinsulinaemia in a sample of rural black Zimbabweans?
### Response:
| Although salt pressor sensitivity was demonstrated in the subjects, there was no accompanying increase but rather a decrease in fasting insulin levels, suggesting that in the short term, salt sensitivity and hyperinsulinaemia are not linked in raising blood pressure in this sample of rural Zimbabwean subjects. |
### Instruction:
Is [ Fudenine , relative to blood glucose-control , a novel membrane protein ]?
### Response:
| Fudenine is a novel membrane protein. It may play the similar role with its homologues AC133 antigen and prominin in human and mouse, respectively. It might be involved in signaling transduction and regulate blood glucose metabolism in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Do anti-human platelet tetraspanin ( CD9 ) monoclonal antibodies induce platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3 activation in a Fc receptor-independent fashion?
### Response:
| The anti-platelet tetraspanin (CD9) mAbs, HI117 and SJ9A4, can induce platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3 activation independent of Fc-receptor. Three signaling pathways, i.e. thromboxane, secreted ADP, and cAMP pathways may be involved in the process, with protein kinase C activation presumably being the common step of th... |
### Instruction:
Do [ Bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotides suppress HL-60 cell growth in a SCID mouse mode ]?
### Response:
| The bcl-2 ASPO enables to suppress HL-60 cell growth and prevent the development of leukemia in the SCID mice. The purging leukemia cells used are seemed liable in inhibiting the development of leukemia in SCID mouse model. |
### Instruction:
Does repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the parietal cortex transiently ameliorate phantom limb pain-like syndrome?
### Response:
| These results do not favor the use of rTMS in the treatment of phantom limb pain. The results, however, support the concept that phantom pain is due to a dysfunctional activity in the parietal cortex. The transient rTMS-induced analgesic effect may be due to a temporary interference with the cerebral representation of ... |
### Instruction:
Do influence of cholinergic circuitries in generation of high-frequency somatosensory evoked potentials?
### Response:
| Our findings demonstrate that the cortical component of HFOs is significantly enhanced by cholinergic activation. Pyramidal chattering cells, which are capable to discharge high-frequency bursts, are mainly modulated by cholinergic inputs; by contrast, acetylcholine does not modify the firing rate of fast-spiking GABAe... |
### Instruction:
Is tannic acid an inhibitor of CXCL12 ( SDF-1alpha ) /CXCR4 with antiangiogenic activity?
### Response:
| These studies indicate that tannic acid is a novel selective CXCL12/CXCR4 antagonist and consequently may provide a mechanistic basis for the reported antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties of tannic acid. |
### Instruction:
Does morphometric evaluation of tumor matrix metalloproteinase 9 predict survival after surgical resection of adenocarcinoma of the lung?
### Response:
| Tumor staining for MMP-9 in resected adenocarcinoma of the lung is strongly related to survival. Patients with >11.2% staining in their tumors comprise a subset with a high hazard for dying of lung cancer and may be an appropriate target for prospective studies of adjuvant chemotherapy after surgical resection. |
### Instruction:
Is elm1p one of three upstream kinases for the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SNF1 complex?
### Response:
| Elm1p, Pak1p, and Tos3p are upstream kinases for the SNF1 complex that have partially redundant functions. |
### Instruction:
Does calcium imaging reveal a network of intrinsically light-sensitive inner-retinal neurons?
### Response:
| Collectively, our data reveal a heterogeneous syncytium of intrinsically photosensitive neurons in the GCL coupled to a secondary population of light-driven cells, in the absence of rod and cone inputs. |
### Instruction:
Do glycosaminoglycan and proteoglycan inhibit the depolymerization of beta2-microglobulin amyloid fibrils in vitro?
### Response:
| These results suggest that some GAGs and PGs could enhance the deposition of Abeta2m amyloid fibrils in vivo, possibly by binding directly to the surface of the fibrils and stabilizing the conformation of beta2m in the fibrils, as well as by acting as a scaffold for the polymerization of beta2m into the fibrils. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Integrin alpha3beta1 mediate hepatocellular carcinoma cell adhesion and chemotaxis to type IV collagen ]?
### Response:
| Integrin alpha(3)beta(1) is an important constituent receptor in mediating HCC cell adhesion and chemotactic pseudopod protrusion to Col IV. |
### Instruction:
Does positive family history of psoriasis affect the clinical expression and course of juvenile idiopathic arthritis patients with oligoarthritis?
### Response:
| We found close similarities in the clinical features and course among patients with oligoarthritis who had a positive family history for psoriasis and those who did not. These findings argue against the exclusion of the former patients from the oligoarthritis category of JIA. |
### Instruction:
Are nitric oxide metabolites reduced in exhaled breath condensate of patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia?
### Response:
| These findings suggest that NO synthase activity may not be decreased as much as might be expected on the basis of low exhaled and nasal NO levels. |
### Instruction:
Does spontaneous breathing improve lung aeration in oleic acid-induced lung injury?
### Response:
| The results support the hypothesis that spontaneous breathing during APRV improves oxygenation mainly by recruitment of nonaerated lung and improved aeration of the lungs. |
### Instruction:
Does beta-glucuronidase inhibitor tectorigenin isolated from the flower of Pueraria thunbergiana protect carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury?
### Response:
| We insist that an inhibitor of beta-glucuronidase tectorigenin may be hepatoprotective and tectoridin should be a prodrug transformed to tectorigenin. |
### Instruction:
Are fibrosis and glycogen stores depletion induced by prolonged biliary obstruction in the rat ameliorated by metadoxine?
### Response:
| Both compounds showed similar antifibrotic properties; metadoxine was more effective in preserving glycogen. Besides its antioxidant effects and its ability to induce alcohol metabolism, metadoxine possesses important antifibrotic and antinecrotic properties, and maintains energy stores efficiently. |
### Instruction:
Is oxygen cost of exercise increased in heart failure after accounting for recovery costs?
### Response:
| Heart failure is associated with lower exercise VO(2)/W; however, the patient with heart failure is not efficient, but rather accumulating a large oxygen debt (recovery VO(2)/W) that is repaid following exercise. In addition, the work VO(2)/W (including both exercise and recovery) is increased in patients with heart fa... |
### Instruction:
Is levocetirizine effective for symptom relief including nasal congestion in adolescent and adult ( PAR ) sensitized to house dust mites?
### Response:
| Levocetirizine 5 mg/day is an effective and well-tolerated treatment of PAR. In addition, levocetirizine is effective for the relief of nasal congestion. |
### Instruction:
Are non-NMDA receptors within caudal ventrolateral medulla involved in transmission of baroreflex of rats?
### Response:
| The CVLM played an important role in maintaining the tonic excitatory cardiovascular activities and transmitting the baroreceptor information via activation of non-NMDA receptors. |
### Instruction:
Are new radiographic bone erosions in the wrists of patients with rheumatoid arthritis detectable with magnetic resonance imaging a median of two years earlier?
### Response:
| Most new radiographic bone erosions (78%) were visualized at least 1 year earlier by MRI than by CR. This illustrates that the information on joint destruction provided by CR is considerably delayed compared with that provided by MRI. A significantly increased risk of progression of radiographic erosion in bones with b... |
### Instruction:
Does [ The Fc region of immunoglobulin suppress atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E knockout mice ]?
### Response:
| Immunoglobulin therapy remarkably suppressed atherosclerosis due to Fc receptor-mediated anti-inflammatory action. The suppression of the disease is associated with remarkably reduction of macrophage density in the lesions, but not with the reduction of high serum lipid levels. |
### Instruction:
Does nitric oxide inhibit ischemia/reperfusion-induced myocardial apoptosis by modulating cyclin A-associated kinase activity?
### Response:
| Our data indicates that NO released from cardiomyocytes under condition of ischemia/reperfusion exerts an antiapoptotic effect by modulating cyclin A-associated kinase activity via p21(cip1/waf1) accumulation. |
### Instruction:
Do developmental changes in IKr and IKs contribute to age-related expression of dofetilide effects on repolarization and proarrhythmia?
### Response:
| Our data suggest that a lack of I(Ks) results in a greater dependence on I(Kr) for repolarization in neonates and is associated with exaggerated effects of I(Kr)-blockade on APD. However, APD prolongation alone is insufficient for expression of proarrhythmia, which also requires transmural dispersion of repolarization ... |
### Instruction:
Does beta3-Adrenergic stimulation produce a decrease of cardiac contractility ex vivo in mice overexpressing the human beta3-adrenergic receptor?
### Response:
| We conclude that cardiac overexpression of beta(3)-AR in mice reproduces ex vivo the negative inotropic effects obtained with beta(3)-AR stimulation in human ventricular tissues. |
### Instruction:
Is the problem getting us to stop . What teens say about smoking cessation?
### Response:
| Teen smokers can supply valuable information to improve youth cessation programs to fit teen lifestyles, respect the challenges teens face, and acknowledge their choice in making the decision to quit. |
### Instruction:
Does ets-2 interact with co-repressor BS69 to repress target gene expression?
### Response:
| These results support a role for ets-2 as a repressor and indicate that BS69 is required as co-repressor. Phosphorylation of ets-2 may switch its activity from repressor to activator by interfering with formation of the BS69 complex. |
### Instruction:
Do a comparison of CT scan to transrectal ultrasound-measured prostate volume in untreated prostate cancer?
### Response:
| A strong correlation was found between CT scan and TRUS measurement of the prostate volume; however, CT consistently overestimated the prostate volume by approximately 50% compared with TRUS. |
### Instruction:
Does arginine supplementation enhance peritoneal macrophage phagocytic activity in rats with gut-derived sepsis?
### Response:
| Enteral Arg supplementation before sepsis significantly enhanced peritoneal macrophage phagocytic activity and reduced total bacterial counts in peritoneal lavage fluid. Arg administered before and after CLP seemed to have a synergistic effect on enhancing phagocytic activity and on bacterial clearance. However, IV Arg... |
### Instruction:
Does use of a novel elution regimen reveal the dominance of polyreactive antinuclear autoantibodies in lupus kidneys?
### Response:
| This novel urea-based elution provides further support for the dominance of antibodies in lupus kidneys, with strong polyreactivity to DNA and glomerular substrate. |
### Instruction:
Are defects in the regulation of B cell apoptosis required for the production of citrullinated peptide autoantibodies in mice?
### Response:
| Our study provides evidence for the association between defects in the regulatory cell death machinery of B lymphocytes and the production of certain autoantibody specificities. |
### Instruction:
Is serum chitotriosidase activity increased in subjects with atherosclerosis disease?
### Response:
| Serum chitotriosidase activity is significantly increased in individuals suffering from atherosclerosis disease and is related to the severity of the atherosclerotic lesion, suggesting a possible role as atherosclerotic extent marker. |
### Instruction:
Are ets motifs necessary for endothelial cell-specific expression of a 723-bp Tie-2 promoter/enhancer in Hprt targeted transgenic mice?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the T-short promoter contains information for widespread expression in the vascular tree, Ets sites are necessary for in vivo promoter activity, and the shorter Tie-2 fragment may be useful as a tool to direct heterologous gene expression within the intact endothelium. |
### Instruction:
Is fetal DNA quantitation in peripheral blood useful as a marker of disease severity in women with preeclampsia?
### Response:
| Fetal trafficking is more likely to be detected in women with preeclampsia compared to control women but the quantity does not appear to correlate with disease severity. |
### Instruction:
Does serum alpha1-antitrypsin but not complement C3 and C4 predict chronic inflammation in hemodialysis patients?
### Response:
| Serum AT levels above 1.74 g/L and below 1.38 g/L may select the HD patients with severe inflammation from those without. Measurements of C3 and C4 are not helpful in this situation. |
### Instruction:
Do osteoblasts and MG-63 osteosarcoma cells behave differently when in contact with ProRoot MTA and White MTA?
### Response:
| Under the conditions of this study, whilst primary osteoblasts initially bound to White MTA, they did not survive on the surface by the end of 13 days. Primary osteoblasts formed mineralized nodules when exposed to differentiation medium, whilst MG-63 cells did not form nodules. As MG-63 cells do not behave osteogenica... |
### Instruction:
Is [ Non ST elevation acute coronary syndrome : early use of pravastatin or atorvastatin associated with divergent changes of parameters of hemostasis ]?
### Response:
| Early use of atorvastatin and pravastatin in patients with NSTEACS was associated with rapid divergent changes of some hemostatic parameters. Except lowering of von Willebrand factor changes in atorvastatin treated patients more resembled those in controls not receiving lipid lowering drugs. Von Willebrand factor was t... |
### Instruction:
Is fish consumption associated with lower heart rates?
### Response:
| Fish consumption is associated with decreased heart rate in men. Because heart rate is positively associated with risk of sudden death, this association may explain, at least in part, the lower risk of sudden death among fish consumers. |
### Instruction:
Does enalapril alter the formation of the collagen matrix in spontaneously hypertensive rats?
### Response:
| The treatment with enalapril of hypertensive rats during pregnancy alters the collagen content and structure of the myocardium of newborns. |
### Instruction:
Does methotrexate therapy in asthma increase T cell susceptibility to corticosteroid inhibition?
### Response:
| This effect of MTX may at least partly account for its oral corticosteroid-sparing effect in severe asthma. |
### Instruction:
Does expression of CS-1 fibronectin precede monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production during elicitation of allergic contact dermatitis?
### Response:
| We showed evidence of the fact that CS-1 fibronectin expression precedes the production of MCP-1/CCL2 and TARC/CCL17 in the skin of patients with ACD, suggesting that these molecules participate in the early complex process of migrating mononuclear cells during elicitation of ACD. |
### Instruction:
Are serum levels of carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type-I collagen elevated in patients with multiple myeloma showing skeletal manifestations in magnetic resonance imaging but lacking lytic bone lesions in conventional radiography?
### Response:
| In myeloma patients without osteolytic lesions in conventional radiography, abnormal skeletal MRI is accompanied by an increase in serum levels of ICTP. Our data show that ICTP can be used as an inexpensive parameter to identify myeloma patients with normal skeletal survey who have a high probability of skeletal involv... |
### Instruction:
Do beta-Catenin and ras oncogenes detect most human colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| The results suggest that although oncogenic activation of beta-catenin and K-ras is independent in the process of clinical cancer development, combined analysis of the two major oncogenes can detect most colorectal cancers and identify a subset of patients with poorer outcomes. Consequently, activation of either or bot... |
### Instruction:
Is accurate lymph node staging of greater prognostic importance than subclassification of the T2 category for gastric adenocarcinoma?
### Response:
| For pT2 gastric adenocarcinoma, the depth of mural invasion was not an independently significant prognostic factor. |
### Instruction:
Does vitamin D supplementation to healthy children affect serum osteocalcin or markers of type I collagen turnover?
### Response:
| Supplementation with 600 IU vitamin D3 to healthy children in the winter does not affect bone turnover as measured by serum osteocalcin, PICP, PINP or ICTP. Vitamin D supplementation to healthy children may not be recommended on the ground of concern for bone turnover. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Advanced glycation end products stimulate human endothelial cells to produce monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ]?
### Response:
| AGE modified proteins stimulate endothelial cells to produce MCP-1 through activation of the p38 signal pathway. This effect may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis seen in AGE-associated diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does thiopental inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced activation of nuclear factor kappaB through suppression of kappaB kinase activity?
### Response:
| Thiopental-mediated inhibition of NF-kappaB activation is due to the suppression of IkappaB kinase activity and depends at least in part on the thio-group of the barbiturate molecule. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Arterial back table pressure perfusion prevent ischemic biliary lesions after orthotopic liver transplantation ]?
### Response:
| Arterial back table pressure perfusion is an easy and reliable method for preventing ischemic biliary lesions in orthotopic liver transplantation. It should, therefore, be the standard technique in liver procurement. |
### Instruction:
Do [ An analyze the opportunities of early detection of breast cancer ]?
### Response:
| The breast cancer prevalence and the mortality are higher in old women. This study showed that these women presented a smaller rate of opportunities for early detection, because they were less informed about the right periodicity of the self breast exam and they had less mammography and physician breast examination fre... |
### Instruction:
Does endogenous heme oxygenase/carbon monoxide system mediate lipopolysaccharide-induced intussusception in rats?
### Response:
| It is suggested that endogenous HO/CO system plays an important role in the process of IN induced by LPS, and inhibition of HO activity may decrease the formation of IN. |
### Instruction:
Is vascular endothelial growth factor and receptor interaction a prerequisite for murine hepatic fibrogenesis?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the interaction of VEGF and its receptor, which reflected the combined effects of both on HSC and SEC, was a prerequisite for liver fibrosis development. |
### Instruction:
Is [ Early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer essential to improving the effect of treatment ]?
### Response:
| The patients with pancreatic cancer diagnosed early can undergo radical resection. The elevation of early diagnosis rate is significant for the improvement of survival. |
### Instruction:
Are dendritic cells generated in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and IFN-alpha potent inducers of HIV-specific CD8 T cells?
### Response:
| GM-CSF and IFN-alpha allow the generation of DC with high CD8 T-cell stimulating abilities. Therefore, this strategy may represent a novel approach to therapeutic vaccination in HIV disease. |
### Instruction:
Do [ Recombinant adenovirus carrying glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor gene protect midbrain dopaminergic neurons in mice ]?
### Response:
| The results suggested that recombinant adenoviral vector expressing rGDNF can protect DA neurons against MPTP injury. |
### Instruction:
Does a lung recruitment maneuver immediately before rescue surfactant therapy affect the lung mechanical response in immature lambs with respiratory distress syndrome?
### Response:
| This small study does not show any positive or negative effect of a lung recruitment maneuver on the response to rescue surfactant therapy in immature animals with RDS. |
### Instruction:
Is prevalence of proximal adenomas after an adenoma found on flexible sigmoidoscopy?
### Response:
| The prevalence of proximal adenomas increased significantly with more advanced lesions found distally at FS, and there was a trend towards a higher prevalence of advanced proximal adenomas. Based on current guidelines, flexible sigmoidoscopy is a screening option that can be used to identify average-risk patients at in... |
### Instruction:
Is heterogeneous regional endocardial repolarization associated with increased risk for ischemia-dependent ventricular fibrillation after myocardial infarction?
### Response:
| Sympathetic activation following MI not only produces adverse structural remodeling but also contributes to adverse electrophysiologic remodeling resulting in heterogeneous ventricular repolarization and in a myocardial substrate conducive to lethal reentrant arrhythmias. |
### Instruction:
Is leisure-time activity an important determinant of long-term weight maintenance after weight loss in the Sibutramine Trial on Obesity Reduction and Maintenance ( STORM trial )?
### Response:
| Weight-maintenance success after weight loss is positively influenced by sibutramine treatment during weight maintenance, by a greater initial weight loss, and by a higher leisure-time physical activity index, which reflects higher levels of activities such as walking and cycling and lower levels of television viewing. |
### Instruction:
Is surface expression of Fc epsilon RI on Langerhans ' cells of clinically uninvolved skin associated with disease activity in atopic dermatitis , allergic asthma , and rhinitis?
### Response:
| In clinically uninvolved skin, Langerhans' cell-surface Fc epsilon RI expression is not only linked to atopic dermatitis but is also generally associated with allergic disease. This supports the concept of a systemic regulatory mechanism associated with active allergic disease, which is further aggravated by local infl... |
### Instruction:
Is diverticulum of the vermiform appendix associated with chronic abdominal pain?
### Response:
| An unusual cause of mild chronic abdominal pain can be the presence of appendiceal diverticulum with inspissated intraluminal secretions. The evaluation of these patients is usually normal. Exploratory laparoscopy with appendectomy should be the final evaluation for patients with mild chronic abdominal pain. |
### Instruction:
Do subtype-selective antagonists of lysophosphatidic Acid receptors inhibit platelet activation triggered by the lipid core of atherosclerotic plaques?
### Response:
| LPA molecules present in the core region of atherosclerotic plaques trigger rapid platelet activation through the stimulation of LPA1 and LPA3 receptors. Antagonists of platelet LPA receptors might provide a new strategy to prevent thrombus formation in patients with cardiovascular diseases. |
### Instruction:
Does a20 protect from CD40-CD40 ligand-mediated endothelial cell activation and apoptosis?
### Response:
| A20 works at multiple levels to protect ECs from CD40/CD40L mediated activation and apoptosis. A20-based therapy could be beneficial for the treatment of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and transplant-associated vasculopathy. |
### Instruction:
Is a high-score Mediterranean dietary pattern associated with a reduced risk of peripheral arterial disease in Italian patients with Type 2 diabetes?
### Response:
| In Italian Type 2 diabetics, a higher dietary score has a protective role against PAD. The use of butter increases the risk of PAD even in patients regularly consuming olive oil. Dietary advice may be helpful for the prevention of PAD in diabetics even in populations traditionally accustomed to a Mediterranean dietary ... |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous anesthesia provide optimal surgical conditions during microscopic and endoscopic sinus surgery?
### Response:
| Intravenous anesthesia using propofol-remifentanil provides better surgical conditions compared with a traditional balanced anesthesia technique using isoflurane-alfentanil. It is hypothesized that lower cardiac output caused by decreased heart rate during deep general anesthesia is responsible for this result. |
### Instruction:
Does ethanol inhibit fibroblast growth factor-induced proliferation of aortic smooth muscle cells?
### Response:
| The findings identify the FGF receptor as an inhibitory target for ethanol, which could account in part for the inhibitory actions of ethanol on SMC proliferation observed in vivo. |
### Instruction:
Does promoter but not exon 7 polymorphism of endothelial nitric oxide synthase affect training-induced correction of endothelial dysfunction?
### Response:
| These results suggest that the presence of either one of the polymorphisms attenuates endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in CAD patients. Only the promoter polymorphism might have an adverse effect on training-induced improvement in endothelial function. |
### Instruction:
Does transduction of the liver with activated Akt normalize portal pressure in cirrhotic rats?
### Response:
| myr-Akt gene therapy restored Akt activation and NO production in the cirrhotic liver, suggesting that this therapy may be useful for the treatment of portal hypertension. |
### Instruction:
Do farnesoid X receptor agonists suppress hepatic apolipoprotein CIII expression?
### Response:
| We identified bile acid and synthetic activators of the nuclear FXR as negative regulators of Apo CIII expression, an effect that may contribute to the triglyceride-decreasing action of FXR agonists. |
### Instruction:
Does lack of gp130 expression in hepatocytes promote liver injury?
### Response:
| Our findings demonstrate that gp130 is of minor relevance for embryonal development of hepatocytes. However, the molecule has an essential role in controlling acute phase gene expression and provides hepatocellular protection after LPS challenge. |
### Instruction:
Is diarrhea caused by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection of humans inhibited by dietary calcium?
### Response:
| Calcium in milk products improves human resistance to ETEC infection as it inhibits infectious diarrhea. |
### Instruction:
Is jTE-522 , a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor , an effective chemopreventive agent against rat experimental liver fibrosis1?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that COX-2 is involved in CDAA- and TAA-induced liver fibrosis. Our data also indicate that JTE-522 is a potent chemopreventive agent of rat liver fibrosis with low toxicity. |
### Instruction:
Does poly ( ADP-ribose ) polymerase inhibition improve postischemic myocardial function after cardioplegia-cardiopulmonary bypass?
### Response:
| These results suggest that INO-1001 provides myocardial protection by reducing the extent of infarction and improves cardiac function after regional ischemia and cardioplegia-CPB. |
### Instruction:
Does isobutyramide activate transcription of human fetal gamma- and murine embryonic epsilon ( y ) -globin genes?
### Response:
| Our results suggested that isobutyramide is a weak inducer of cell differentiation, but it can selectively activate transcription of human gamma-globin gene at a certain degree, and it can act on early stages of erythroid progenitor differentiation in adult mice and activate transcription of embryonic epsilon(y)-globin... |
### Instruction:
Does proteolytic activity of the house dust mite allergen Der p 1 enhance allergenicity in a mouse inhalation model?
### Response:
| These data underline the important role of the proteolytic activity of Der p 1 in driving the allergic response in the lungs. |
### Instruction:
Is hypotension associated with systemic aggregated anaphylaxis attenuated by a selective endothelin-A receptor antagonist , BQ 610 , in rabbits in vivo?
### Response:
| BQ 610 does not improve hypotension or survival rates in systemic aggregated anaphylactic rabbits in vivo, implying that circulating ET-1 may not play an important role in anaphylaxis, although direct proof of production of circulating ET-1 or activation of ETA receptors is lacking in this study. |
### Instruction:
Is p21WAF1/CIP1 more effective than p53 in growth suppression of mouse renal carcinoma cell line Renca in vitro and in vivo?
### Response:
| These data suggest that p21(WAF1/CIP1) is a more potent growth suppressor than p53 of mouse tumor cells Renca. The divergent responses of tumor cells to p21(WAF1/CIP1) overexpression could be due to various networks that differ between species. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Hepatitis C virus nonstructural 5A protein inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha mediated apoptosis of HepG2 cells ]?
### Response:
| HCV NS5A protein inhibits TNF alpha mediated apoptosis of HepG2 cells in vitro. |
### Instruction:
Is in primary Sjögren 's syndrome , HLA class II associated exclusively with autoantibody production and spreading of the autoimmune response?
### Response:
| HLA class II markers confer genetic susceptibility to Sjögren's syndrome. The association between HLA and SS is restricted to patients with anti-SSA and/or anti-SSB antibodies; HLA is not associated with SS in patients without these autoantibodies. The absence of a difference in disease severity between groups 2 and 3,... |
### Instruction:
Does neuropathological examination suggest impaired brain iron acquisition in restless legs syndrome?
### Response:
| RLS may not be rooted in pathologies associated with traditional neurodegenerative processes but may be a functional disorder resulting from impaired iron acquisition by the neuromelanin cells in RLS. The underlying mechanism may be a defect in regulation of the transferrin receptors. |
### Instruction:
Is elevation of preoperative serum C-reactive protein level related to poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| A high CRP level is associated with tumor progression and poor survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. |
### Instruction:
Is regression of left ventricular hypertrophy during 10 years after valve replacement for aortic stenosis related to the preoperative risk profile?
### Response:
| Left ventricular hypertrophy regression for patients who survived up to 10 years after AVR for AS is dependent on the preoperative risk profile indicating that irreversible myocardial disease is the underlying factor. Systemic hypertension is an important factor in its own right. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Bifidobacterial supplement enhance the expression and excretion of intestinal sIgA in severely burned rats ]?
### Response:
| The expression and excretion of sIgA in the intestine appear to be markedly inhibited following a severe thermal injury. The supplement of exogenous bifidobacteria could improve sIgA formation in the small intestine, thereby reducing the incidence of bacterial/endotoxin translocation secondary to major burns. |
### Instruction:
Do tetrahydrobiopterin and antioxidants reverse the coronary endothelial dysfunction associated with left ventricular hypertrophy in a porcine model?
### Response:
| Treatment with BH(4) and antioxidants constitutes an interesting approach for the prevention of endothelial dysfunction in epicardial coronary arteries associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. |
### Instruction:
Do impaired activities of antioxidant enzymes elicit endothelial dysfunction in spontaneous hypertensive rats despite enhanced vascular nitric oxide generation?
### Response:
| These data demonstrate that dysregulation of several enzymes, resulting in oxidative stress, contributes to the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction in SHR and indicate that the antioxidant enzyme catalase is of particular importance in the reversal of this defect. |
### Instruction:
Does [ Long term result after cochlear implantation in elderly patients ]?
### Response:
| Senior patients benefited by cochlear implantation to the same extent as younger patients did. Senior patients gained a similar speech perception level as younger implanted patients although the elderly needed more time to reach the same scores. Nevertheless, cochlear implantation should not be denied due to age alone. |
### Instruction:
Are oral nicorandil-induced lesions aphthous ulcers?
### Response:
| Oral nicorandil-induced lesions are not aphthous ulcers. We propose that at this stage of our knowledge, oral nicorandil-induced ulcer is the most suitable terminology. |
### Instruction:
Does hBV X protein ( HBX ) interact with general transcription factor TFIIB both in vitro and in vivo?
### Response:
| These results suggested that the communication between HBX and general transcription factor TFIIB is one of the mechanisms which account for its transcriptional transactivation. |
### Instruction:
Does prediction of fall among older people in residential care facilities by the Downton index?
### Response:
| Already after 3 months, the Downton fall risk index appears to be a useful tool for predicting falls, irrespective of their cause, among older people in residential care facilities. |
### Instruction:
Does unoprostone isopropyl ester darken iris color in pigmented rabbits with sympathetic denervation?
### Response:
| Unoprostone produced iris color darkening in pigmented rabbit eyes with sympathetic denervation. Pretreatment with flurbiprofen and thymoxamine appeared to enhance this effect but this was not statistically demonstrated by the study. |
### Instruction:
Does mycobacterium vaccae administration during allergen sensitization or challenge suppress asthmatic features?
### Response:
| Heat-killed M. vaccae prevents allergic and asthmatic manifestations in a mouse model and, more importantly, M. vaccae treatment during challenge suppresses features of asthma, which opens up possibilities for new therapeutic interventions. |
### Instruction:
Do cysteinyl leukotrienes induce nuclear factor kappa b activation and RANTES production in a murine model of asthma?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that cysLTs activate NF-kappa B and induce RANTES production from isolated lung MNCs, which in turn might cause migration of eosinophils and activated T lymphocytes into the airway. |
### Instruction:
Do alpha 1-antitrypsin and ilomastat inhibit inflammatory proteases present in human middle ear effusions?
### Response:
| Proteases are commonly found in OM. Ilomastat and rAAT are potent inhibitors of proteases in MEEs across a wide range of OM in humans. Investigation into the potential therapeutic benefits of these protease inhibitors is warranted. |
### Instruction:
Do tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil provide effective immunosuppression in rat laryngeal transplantation?
### Response:
| Tacrolimus is an effective immunosuppressive agent for laryngeal transplantation. Mycophenolate mofetil allows lower doses of tacrolimus to be used while preserving graft viability in the early post-transplantation period. |
### Instruction:
Do the cyclooxygenase-2-selective inhibitors rofecoxib and celecoxib prevent colorectal neoplasia occurrence and recurrence?
### Response:
| Rofecoxib, celecoxib, and nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs seem to protect against the development of colorectal neoplasia. |
### Instruction:
Is clostridium difficile toxin B an inflammatory enterotoxin in human intestine?
### Response:
| We conclude that C. difficile toxin B, like toxin A, is a potent inflammatory enterotoxin for human intestine. Future therapeutic or vaccine strategies for C. difficile infection therefore need to target both toxins. |
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