question stringlengths 52 373 | long_answer stringlengths 1 3.34k |
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### Instruction:
Does islet amyloid with macrophage migration correlate with augmented β-cell deficits in type 2 diabetic patients?
### Response:
| In Japanese type 2 diabetic patients, islet amyloid was more common with severe β-cell loss and high BMI, associated with macrophage infiltration. |
### Instruction:
Does clobenpropit enhance anti-tumor effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer?
### Response:
| Clobenpropit enhanced the anti-tumor effect of gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells through inhibition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. |
### Instruction:
Does high fat diet feeding result in gender specific steatohepatitis and inflammasome activation?
### Response:
| Our data indicate gender differences in NASH. Male mice fed a long-term HFD display steatohepatitis and inflammasome activation, whereas female mice have steatosis without inflammation. |
### Instruction:
Does a single immunization with recombinant rabies virus ( ERAG3G ) confer complete protection against rabies in mice?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that the ERAG3G strain plays an important role in inducing protective efficacy in mice and causes to arise anti-rabies neutralizing antibody in dogs. |
### Instruction:
Do practicing emergency physicians report performing well on most emergency medicine milestones?
### Response:
| Although a majority of EM attendings reported meeting Level 4 milestones, many felt they did not meet Level 4 criteria. Attendings report less perceived competence in ultrasound skills than other milestones. It is unclear if self-assessments reflect the true competency of practicing attendings. The study design can be ... |
### Instruction:
Is passive smoking associated with lower age at menopause?
### Response:
| Our findings suggest that earlier age at menopause should be added to the negative effects of passive smoking, in addition to increased risks for overall, cardiovascular and cancer mortality as well as increased risk for osteoporosis. |
### Instruction:
Does physician continuity improve outcomes for heart failure patients treated and released from the emergency department?
### Response:
| Early follow-up after an ED visit is associated with better outcomes, particularly if conducted with a familiar physician. |
### Instruction:
Does high pressure counterbalance the advantages of open techniques over closed techniques during heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy with oxaliplatin?
### Response:
| The use of high pressure during HIPEC does not counterbalance the drawbacks of closed techniques. The tissue concentration of oxaliplatin achieved with the open techniques is higher, even if high pressure is applied during a closed technique. Open 25 cm H2O HIPEC achieved the highest tissue penetration of oxaliplatin, ... |
### Instruction:
Is clinical and pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy based on primary tumor reduction correlated to survival in hormone receptor-positive but not hormone receptor-negative locally advanced breast cancer?
### Response:
| Our findings indicate that the value of response evaluation methods varies for different breast cancer subtypes. Conceiving of further prospective approaches for new individualized response-evaluation models are needed in the neoadjuvant setting. |
### Instruction:
Do [ An animal experimental study of the loading time on anchorage implant stability ]?
### Response:
| Results show that loading time influences the stability of implant anchorage. |
### Instruction:
Are disclosure and Experienced Social Support Related to Anxiety or Depression in a German HIV Patient Cohort?
### Response:
| The time since the single disclosure events was not assessed, and the subgroup of women was comparably small. |
### Instruction:
Is kidney tubular-cell secretion of osteoblast growth factor increased by kaempferol : a scientific basis for `` the kidney controlling the bone '' theory of Chinese medicine?
### Response:
| This lends strong support to the original idea that the Kidney has a significant influence over bone-formation, as suggested by some long-standing Chinese medical beliefs, kaempferol may also serve to stimulate kidney repair and indirectly stimulate bone formation. |
### Instruction:
Is chk1 activity required for BAK multimerization in association with PUMA during mitochondrial apoptosis?
### Response:
| These findings novelly demonstrate the involvement of a checkpoint kinase Chk1 is required for BAK activation and underscores the importance of involvement of Chk1 in mitochondrial apoptosis upon severe DNA damage. |
### Instruction:
Does hMG-CoA reductase inhibition prior reperfusion improve reparative fibrosis post-myocardial infarction in a preclinical experimental model?
### Response:
| Acute HMG-CoA-reductase inhibition during total ischemia and prior reperfusion limits reperfusion injury and prolonged oral simvastatin treatment thereafter improves cardiac healing post-MI. |
### Instruction:
Does collagen membrane wrapping around methotrexate-containing calcium-phosphate cement reduce the side effects on soft tissue healing?
### Response:
| Membrane wrapping around the CPC containing MTX reduces the side effect of MTX on cellular proliferation at its highest concentration, particularly. Membrane wrapping may allow administration of higher doses of an anti-neoplastic drug which can be more effective. |
### Instruction:
Are wnt modulators in the aqueous humor associated with outer retinal damage severity in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration?
### Response:
| We report, for the first time, the possibility of phenotypic, anatomic, and ocular proteomic correlations, demonstrating correlated WIF-1 and DKK-3 upregulation in nAMD patients' aqueous humor. Secreted WIF-1, reflecting the degree of retinal structure damage, may be a new biomarker for the retina's healthy and disease... |
### Instruction:
Do caries-free subjects have high levels of urease and arginine deiminase activity?
### Response:
| Caries-free subjects had a higher ammonia generation activity by urease and arginine deiminase system for both saliva and plaque samples than low caries-active subjects. High levels of alkali production in oral environment were related to caries-free subjects. |
### Instruction:
Is antidepressant-like activity of magnesium in the olfactory bulbectomy model associated with the AMPA/BDNF pathway?
### Response:
| For the first time, the present results demonstrate the antidepressant-like activity of magnesium in the OB animal model of depression and indicate the potential involvement of the AMPA/BDNF pathway in this activity. |
### Instruction:
Is eosinophil count related with coronary thrombus in non ST-elevated acute coronary syndrome?
### Response:
| Beside the increased neutrophil count, increased eosinophil count in CBC should alert the clinician about coronary thrombus development in patients with NST-ACS in order to make early medical interventions at acute phase of the disease. |
### Instruction:
Does whole-genome sequence analysis reveal differences in population management and selection of European low-input pig breeds?
### Response:
| The high correlation between genetic diversity computed with the 60K SNP and whole genome re-sequence data indicates that the Porcine 60K SNP Beadchip provides reliable estimates of genomic diversity in European pig populations despite the expected bias. Moreover, this analysis gave insights for strategies to the genet... |
### Instruction:
Does everolimus immunosuppression reduce the serum expression of fibrosis markers in liver transplant recipients?
### Response:
| This study supports a possible role of everolimus in liver fibrosis modulation after LT in a clinical setting and suggests that tailoring immunosuppression could avoid fibrosis progression in the allograft. |
### Instruction:
Is average current better than peak current as therapeutic dosage for biphasic waveforms in a ventricular fibrillation pig model of cardiac arrest?
### Response:
| In this porcine model of VF, average current was better than peak current to be an adequate parameter to describe the therapeutic dosage when biphasic defibrillation waveforms were used. The institutional protocol number: P0805. |
### Instruction:
Does green tea extract suppress N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced photoreceptor apoptosis in Sprague-Dawley rats?
### Response:
| GTE structurally and functionally suppressed MNU-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that GTE may help to ameliorate the onset and progression of human RP. |
### Instruction:
Do structural and microstructural brain changes predict impairment in daily functioning?
### Response:
| In community-dwelling individuals, brain changes are associated with deterioration and incident impairment in daily functioning. |
### Instruction:
Are mutations in STAP1 associated with autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia?
### Response:
| We mapped a novel ADH locus at 4p13 and identified 4 variants in STAP1 that associate with ADH. |
### Instruction:
Are some more equal -- a comparative study on swab uptake and release of bacterial suspensions?
### Response:
| The influence of the swab type on subsequent diagnostic results is often underestimated. Uptake and release of the investigated bacteria vary significantly between different swab types and sampling conditions. For best diagnostic outcome swabs should be chosen according to the examined situation and the swab performanc... |
### Instruction:
Do accuracy of computer-guided implant surgery by a CAD/CAM and laser scanning technique?
### Response:
| Computer-guided implant surgery with the CAD/CAM technique provides dentists with a good platform for preoperative planning, precise implant insertion, and ideal rehabilitation. The protocol of this three-dimensional laser scanning technique can provide precision comparable to that of double-scanning. |
### Instruction:
Does p27 Loss be Associated with Poor Prognosis in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors?
### Response:
| Our results revealed that the loss of p27 is associated with poor prognosis and the menin-p27 pathway is important in the tumorigenesis of GEP-NETs. |
### Instruction:
Do loss-of-function mutations in PNPLA6 encoding neuropathy target esterase underlie pubertal failure and neurological deficits in Gordon Holmes syndrome?
### Response:
| These results suggest that NTE-dependent alteration of phospholipid homeostasis in GHS causes both neurodegeneration and impaired LH release from pituitary gonadotropes, leading to nHH. |
### Instruction:
Does norepinephrine infusion increase urine output in children under sedative and analgesic infusion?
### Response:
| Early norepinephrine infusion in children submitted to MV improves mean arterial pressure and increases urine output. These effects were attributed to reversion of vasoplegia induced by the sedative and analgesic drugs. |
### Instruction:
Is extrinsic apoptosis impeded by direct binding of the APL fusion protein NPM-RAR to TRADD?
### Response:
| This study identifies a novel mechanism through which NPM-RAR affects leukemogenesis. |
### Instruction:
Are bioactive lipids , LPC and LPA , novel prometastatic factors and their tissue levels increase in response to radio/chemotherapy?
### Response:
| LPC and LPA play a previously underappreciated role in dissemination of RMS and suggest that antimetastatic treatment with specific molecules blocking LPC/LPA activity should be part of standard radio/chemotherapy arsenal. |
### Instruction:
Do `` They think surgery is just a quick fix ''?
### Response:
| The findings point to the need of acknowledging patients' own exceriences to determine how successful they are after surgery. Given the findings, I argue for the need to reconsider the notion of success in relation to group based interventions. |
### Instruction:
Do molecular size and origin influence the harmful side effects of hydroxyethyl starch on human proximal tubule cells ( HK-2 ) in vitro?
### Response:
| For the first time, we were able to show that only the total mass of HES molecules applied is responsible for the harmful impact on renal PTC in vitro. Neither molecular size nor their origin showed any relevance. |
### Instruction:
Do lincRNAs MONC and MIR100HG act as oncogenes in acute megakaryoblastic leukemia?
### Response:
| Our study reveals an unprecedented function of lncRNAs MONC and MIR100HG as regulators of hematopoiesis and oncogenes in the development of myeloid leukemia. |
### Instruction:
Is high expression of Twist associated with tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis in patients with renal cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| Twist plays important roles in tumor growth, progression, and survival in patients with RCC patients. Such pathological mechanisms are significantly associated with increased cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, MMP2 expression, and macrophage recruitment. These findings are important information for discussion of ... |
### Instruction:
Does high expression of lncRNA MALAT1 suggest a biomarker of poor prognosis in colorectal cancer?
### Response:
| The expression of MALAT1 is upregulated in CRC tissues, and a higher expression level of MALAT1 might serve as a negative prognostic marker in stage II/III CRC patients. |
### Instruction:
Does pGC-1α induce SPP1 to activate macrophages and orchestrate functional angiogenesis in skeletal muscle?
### Response:
| PGC-1α drives functional angiogenesis in skeletal muscle and likely recapitulates the complex physiological angiogenesis elicited by exercise. |
### Instruction:
Does cyclosporin A promote tumor angiogenesis in a calcineurin-independent manner by increasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species?
### Response:
| Targeting the proangiogenic effects of cyclosporin A may be useful in the management of transplant-associated cancers. |
### Instruction:
Does a sphingosine-1 phosphate agonist ( FTY720 ) limit trauma/hemorrhagic shock-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome?
### Response:
| FTY720 limited T/HS-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (lung injury, red cell injury, and neutrophil priming) as well as T/HS lymph bioactivity, although it did not limit gut injury. |
### Instruction:
Does sacral nerve stimulation reduce elevated urinary nerve growth factor levels in women with symptomatic detrusor overactivity?
### Response:
| uNGF levels decrease with symptomatic response in DO subjects undergoing PNE. DO subjects had significantly higher uNGF at baseline vs controls, and uNGF levels significantly decreased after only 5 days of sacral nerve stimulation. These findings support a larger study to validate the use of uNGF as an objective tool t... |
### Instruction:
Do the use of soft silicone solid implant molded intraoperatively for pectus excavatum surgical repair?
### Response:
| The procedure proved to be fast and effective. The results of carved silicone block were more effective for allowing a more refined contour as compared to custom made implants. |
### Instruction:
Do bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice?
### Response:
| MSCs might ameliorate the tumorigenesis of inflammatory bowel disease by suppression of expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and STAT3 activation. |
### Instruction:
Is trauma reactivation plus propranolol associated with durably low physiological responding during subsequent script-driven traumatic imagery?
### Response:
| Low physiological responding during script-driven traumatic imagery after treatment extends up to 4 months, demonstrating the durability of the treatment effect's. Limitations include the absence of a placebo-controlled group and lack of physiological baseline measures. Despite these limitations, results point to the n... |
### Instruction:
Does ipilimumab augment antitumor activity of bispecific antibody-armed T cells?
### Response:
| Expansion of ATC in the presence of ipilimumab significantly improves not only the T cell proliferation but it also enhances cytokine secretion and the specific cytotoxicity of T cells armed with bispecific antibodies. |
### Instruction:
Does german cohort of HCV mono-infected and HCV/HIV co-infected patients reveal relative under-treatment of co-infected patients?
### Response:
| Overall, treatment was only initiated in half of the patients of the entire cohort and in an even smaller proportion of HCV/HIV co-infected patients despite comparable outcome (SVR) and similar baseline characteristics. In the light of newer treatment options, greater efforts to remove the barriers to treatment that st... |
### Instruction:
Do dOC2 isoforms play dual roles in insulin secretion and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake?
### Response:
| Our study identifies a critical role for DOC2B in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in adipocytes, and for the synergistic regulation of GSIS by DOC2A and DOC2B in beta cells. |
### Instruction:
Is postoperative impaired glucose tolerance an early predictor of pancreas graft failure?
### Response:
| We conclude that early post-transplant abnormal glucose tolerance is associated with later whole organ pancreas graft failure. An OGTT performed within the first month postoperatively provides an easily measurable assessment of an independent early risk factor of pancreatic graft dysfunction. |
### Instruction:
Is persistent oral human papillomavirus infection associated with smoking and elevated salivary immunoglobulin G concentration?
### Response:
| Smoking is a risk factor for a persistent oral HPV infection. Oral HPV infection may be associated with increased concentrations of salivary IgG and lysozyme. |
### Instruction:
Is lymphopenia an independent predictor of inferior outcome in papillary renal cell carcinoma?
### Response:
| In patients with PRCC, lymphopenia is associated with lower survival independent of TNM stage, age, and histology. ALC may provide an additional preoperative prognostic factor. |
### Instruction:
Do serotonin and dopamine differentially affect appetitive and aversive general Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate a differential involvement of serotonin and dopamine in motivated behavior. They suggest that reductions in serotonin enhance the motivational influence of aversive stimuli on instrumental behavior and do not affect the influence of appetitive stimuli, while reductions in dopamine diminish the... |
### Instruction:
Does dietary sodium restriction decrease insulin secretion without affecting insulin sensitivity in humans?
### Response:
| Low dietary sodium intake reduces insulin secretion in humans, independent of insulin sensitivity. |
### Instruction:
Does zinc protoporphyrin IX enhance chemotherapeutic response of hepatoma cells to cisplatin?
### Response:
| ZnPP IX increases cellular sensitivity and susceptibility of liver cancer cell lines to CDDP and this may represent a mechanism of increasing ROS. |
### Instruction:
Is risk of gastric cancer associated with PRKAA1 gene polymorphisms in Koreans?
### Response:
| All 5 tested tag SNPs of the PRKAA1 gene (rs13361707, rs154268, rs3805486, rs6882903, and rs10074991) were significantly associated with gastric cancer. |
### Instruction:
Is birthplace a determinant of colorectal adenomas?
### Response:
| Birthplace is not a predictor for developing colorectal neoplasia, including adenomas and advanced adenomas; hence, should not influence the recommendations for colorectal cancer screening. |
### Instruction:
Does the olive leaf extract attenuate bacterial translocation and liver damage in obstructive jaundice?
### Response:
| The present data has demonstrated that the supplementation of olive leaf extract and glutamine reduce the incidence of BT and liver damage in obstructive jaundiced rats (Tab. 4, Fig. 1, Ref. 23). |
### Instruction:
Do aAV vectors expressing LDLR gain-of-function variants demonstrate increased efficacy in mouse models of familial hypercholesterolemia?
### Response:
| Amino acid substitutions in the human LDLR confer partial resistance to PCSK9 and IDOL regulatory pathways with improved reduction in cholesterol levels and improve on a potential gene therapeutic approach to treat homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia subjects. |
### Instruction:
Is self-reported acne associated with prostate cancer?
### Response:
| Self-reported acne is not suitable as a marker to identify men at low risk of aggressive PCa. |
### Instruction:
Does intravenous lidocaine decrease tumor necrosis factor alpha expression both locally and systemically in pigs undergoing lung resection surgery?
### Response:
| Our results suggest that lidocaine can prevent OLV-induced lung injury through reduced expression of proinflammatory cytokines and lung apoptosis. Administration of lidocaine may help to prevent lung injury during lung surgery with OLV. |
### Instruction:
Do [ One year outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy ]?
### Response:
| Successful visual improvement at 1-year postoperatively was observed in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy after pars plana vitrectomy. Results of this study may suggest the superior performance of MIVS for pars plana vitrectomy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy. |
### Instruction:
Does preliminary observations on MRI correlate of driving independence and performance in persons with heart failure?
### Response:
| Reduced structural brain integrity is associated with poorer reported and simulated driving in persons with heart failure. Larger prospective studies that employ on-road testing are needed to clarify brain changes and risk for unsafe driving in heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Do primary headaches interfere with the efficacy of temporomandibular disorders management?
### Response:
| this study could elucidate the important effect that headache may have on the TMD management. |
### Instruction:
Is hDL-cholesterol associated with systemic inflammation in cardiac syndrome X?
### Response:
| Lower HDL-C is associated with systemic inflammation in CSX. In patients with typical angina and normal epicardial coronaries,HDL-C and inflammatory markers should be investigated; one of the goals of treatment should be raising HDL-C. |
### Instruction:
Is increased preoperative levels of plasma fibrinogen and D dimer in patients with renal cell carcinoma associated with poor survival and adverse tumor characteristics?
### Response:
| Increased plasma fibrinogen levels accurately predict poor histopathologic and survival outcomes and may be an effective independent prognostic factor in patients with RCC. Moreover, d dimer may serve as a copredictive factor in conjunction with fibrinogen. |
### Instruction:
Does scoring system avoid Chlamydia trachomatis overscreening in women seeking surgical abortions?
### Response:
| This easy-to-calculate score may prove useful for avoiding CT test in 25% of patients seeking surgical abortion. |
### Instruction:
Are abnormal automatic rhythms in ischemic Purkinje fibers modulated by a specific alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtype?
### Response:
| Automatic arrhythmias induced by alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation during simulated ischemia may be attributed to a specific alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtype that is blocked by WB 4101. These results have important implications with respect to the induction of arrhythmias in the setting of ischemia and the means for th... |
### Instruction:
Does somatostatin selectively inhibit excitatory contractile pathways of the feline lower esophageal sphincter?
### Response:
| (1) VIP, but not SOM, inhibits basal LES tone. (2) SOM selectively inhibits BN but not SP- or bethanechol-induced LES contraction. (3) VIP inhibits BN, SP and bethanechol-induced LES contractions. These studies suggest that somatostatin can selectively inhibit excitatory interneurons at the LES. |
### Instruction:
Does chronic beta-adrenoceptor blockade prevent the development of beta-adrenergic subsensitivity in experimental right-sided congestive heart failure in dogs?
### Response:
| Excessive sympathetic stimulation may play an important role in the development of beta-receptor downregulation and beta-adrenergic subsensitivity in right heart failure. |
### Instruction:
Does adrenaline inhibit adenosine diphosphate induced intravascular aggregation of rat platelets through stimulation of alpha 2 adrenoceptors?
### Response:
| Adrenaline stimulates alpha receptors on platelets but inhibits platelet aggregation. There is no evidence to suggest that beta receptors participated in the effects produced by adrenaline. There is a role for cyclo-oxygenase products in the inhibitory effects of adrenaline on aggregation. |
### Instruction:
Does hydrogen peroxide pretreatment of perfused canine vessels induce ICAM-1 and CD18-dependent neutrophil adherence?
### Response:
| These results indicate that H2O2 in the absence of evidence for permanent endothelial cell injury, can induce a transient, reversible, platelet-activating factor-dependent adherence of PMNs to vessels by mechanisms that depend on an intact endothelium and involve CD18 on the PMN and ICAM-1 on the endothelium. |
### Instruction:
Does pretreatment with the iron chelator desferrioxamine fail to provide sustained protection against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury?
### Response:
| Despite substantial reduction in infarct size previously observed at 4 h following reflow with the same dose and regimen of desferrioxamine treatment, results of the present study indicate that desferrioxamine did not provide sustained protection against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. We therefore conclude th... |
### Instruction:
Are two-stage papain-indirect antiglobulin test and LISS direct agglutination appropriate for pretransfusion screening for unexpected antibodies?
### Response:
| Since most alloantibodies detected only by 2SP-IAT or LISS-DAG were of doubtful clinical significance, and these techniques produced a high number of unwanted positive reactivities, we conclude that 2SP-IAT and LISS-DAG are not appropriate for the pretransfusion screening for unexpected antibodies. |
### Instruction:
Does transient ischaemia induced by rapid cardiac pacing result in myocardial preconditioning?
### Response:
| Rapid ventricular pacing "preconditions" the myocardium in a manner similar to that following short coronary artery occlusions. Short periods of ischaemia no matter how induced protect the heart against the arrhythmogenic effect of a prolonged coronary artery occlusion. |
### Instruction:
Do intracoronary adenosine and papaverine increase myocardial systolic thickening?
### Response:
| These experiments do not support the hypothesis that an increase in myocardial blood flow induced by intracoronary vasodilators causes an increase in myocardial systolic function. |
### Instruction:
Does factors determining recall of examination result in diabetic population?
### Response:
| These results underscore the need to develop better methods to deliver health-care information to people who have diabetes. |
### Instruction:
Does follicle stimulating hormone stimulate the production of gonadotrophin surge attenuating factor ( GnSAF ) in vivo?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate that in superovulated women, a marked attenuation in the pituitary response to GnRH occurs as early as 12 hours from a single injection of FSH before any significant increase in serum oestradiol levels. It is suggested that FSH is a potent stimulus of GnSAF production in women. |
### Instruction:
Does exogenous activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling attenuate binge alcohol-induced deficient bone fracture healing?
### Response:
| These data link alcohol-impaired fracture healing with deregulation of Canonical Wnt signaling activity in the fracture callus. Exogenous activation of the Wnt pathway using LiCl attenuated the damaging effects of binge alcohol exposure on the fracture healing process by modulating canonical Wnt signaling activity. |
### Instruction:
Does risk stratification using data from electronic medical records better predict suicide risks than clinician assessments?
### Response:
| Predictive models applied to data from the EMR could improve risk stratification of patients presenting with potential suicidal behaviour. The predictive factors include known risks for suicide, but also other information relating to general health and health service utilisation. |
### Instruction:
Do prevention of dental erosion of a sports drink by nano-sized hydroxyapatite in situ study?
### Response:
| The sports drink containing 0.25% nano-HA was effective in preventing dental erosion in situ. |
### Instruction:
Are globular adiponectin and its downstream target genes up-regulated locally in human colorectal tumors : ex vivo and in vitro studies?
### Response:
| We propose that the globular adiponectin-AMPK pathway functions in an autocrine manner in colorectal tumors, explaining some of the beneficial changes in cellular oxidative capacity in tumors in favor of tumorigenesis. |
### Instruction:
Is variant-beta luteinizing hormone associated with poor ovarian response to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation?
### Response:
| Testing patients for variant-betaLH prior to IVF is unlikely to predict poor ovarian response. |
### Instruction:
Does paroxetine ameliorate lipopolysaccharide-induced microglia activation via differential regulation of MAPK signaling?
### Response:
| Paroxetine inhibits LPS-stimulated microglia activation through collective regulation of JNK1/2 and ERK1/2 signaling. Our results indicate a potential role of paroxetine in neuroprotection via its anti-neuroinflammatory effect besides targeting for depression. |
### Instruction:
Does low dose of hydroxyethyl starch impair clot formation as assessed by viscoelastic devices?
### Response:
| There is an adverse effect on clot formation even at low grade haemodilution with both albumin and HES. The effect on coagulation is significantly more pronounced with HES than with albumin. |
### Instruction:
Do tag SNPs in complement receptor-1 contribute to the susceptibility to non-small cell lung cancer?
### Response:
| CR1 rs7525160 G > C polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of developing NSCLC in Chinese population. The association displays a manner of gene-environmental interaction between CR1 rs7525160 tagSNP and smoking status. |
### Instruction:
Is hIV-1 genital shedding suppressed in the setting of high genital antiretroviral drug concentrations throughout the menstrual cycle?
### Response:
| Standard doses of ART achieved higher genital than plasma concentrations across the menstrual cycle. Therapeutic ART suppresses genital virus shedding throughout the menstrual cycle, even in the presence of factors reported to increase virus shedding. |
### Instruction:
Is severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus infection in aged nonhuman primates associated with modulated pulmonary and systemic immune responses?
### Response:
| This study provides unique insight into how several parameters of the systemic and mucosal immune response to SARS-CoV infection are significantly modulated by age. These immune differences may contribute to deficient immune function and the observed trend of higher SARS-CoV replication in aged nonhuman primates. |
### Instruction:
Is fever burden an independent predictor for prognosis of traumatic brain injury?
### Response:
| Fever burden might be an independent predictor for prognosis of TBI. High fever burden in the early stage of the disease course associated with TBI could increase the risk of poor prognosis. |
### Instruction:
Does hIV protease inhibitor exposure predict cerebral small vessel disease?
### Response:
| Protease inhibitor-based HAART exposure may increase the risk of CSVD and thereby neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected adults. Apart from the possible direct toxicity to cerebral small vessels, protease inhibitor-based HAART may contribute indirectly to CSVD by inducing metabolic abnormalities. |
### Instruction:
Are x4 tropic viruses on the rise in recent HIV-1 seroconverters in Spain?
### Response:
| Transmission of NRTI DRM has declined significantly in recent HIV-1 seroconverters in Spain. Conversely, X4 tropic viruses are on the rise and currently account for 23.3% of new HIV-1 infections. These individuals present with lower CD4 cell counts suggesting that circulating HIV-1 strains might have gained virulence. |
### Instruction:
Do submicroscopic genomic rearrangements change gene expression in T-cell large granular lymphocyte leukemia?
### Response:
| This study showed that submicroscopic genomic rearrangements change gene expression in T-LGL. Several genes involved in rearrangements were previously linked to cancer and survival pattern that characterizes T-LGL cells. |
### Instruction:
Is serum periostin associated with fracture risk in postmenopausal women : a 7-year prospective analysis of the OFELY study?
### Response:
| High serum POSTN levels are independently associated with increased fracture risk in postmenopausal women. These data suggest that serum POSTN could be useful to improve fracture risk assessment. |
### Instruction:
Does carbohydrate coingestion delays dietary protein digestion and absorption but modulate postprandial muscle protein accretion?
### Response:
| Carbohydrate coingestion with protein delays dietary protein digestion and absorption but does not modulate postprandial muscle protein accretion in healthy young or older men. |
### Instruction:
Is lymphocyte telomere length long in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers regardless of cancer-affected status?
### Response:
| Our findings lend little support to the hypothesis that short mean telomere length predisposes to cancer. Conversely, our main and unexpected finding is that BRCA mutation carriers (regardless of cancer status) have longer telomeres than their non-mutation carrier, non-cancer-affected relatives. The longer telomere len... |
### Instruction:
Is red blood cell in vitro quality and function maintained after S-303 pathogen inactivation treatment?
### Response:
| RBCs treated with S-303 for pathogen reduction had similar in vitro properties to the paired controls and were within transfusion guidelines. |
### Instruction:
Does long-term booster schedules with AS03A-adjuvanted heterologous H5N1 vaccines induce rapid and broad immune responses in Asian adults?
### Response:
| In Asian adults primed with two doses of AS03A-adjuvanted H5N1 pandemic influenza vaccine, strong cross-clade anamnestic antibody responses were observed after one dose of AS03A-H5N1 heterologous booster vaccine given at Month 6, 12, or 36 after priming, suggesting that AS03A-adjuvanted H5N1 vaccines may provide highly... |
### Instruction:
Is persistent infection by HSV-1 associated with changes in functional architecture of iPSC-derived neurons and brain activation patterns underlying working memory performance?
### Response:
| The lytic/quiescent cycles in iPSC-derived neurons indicate that persistent neuronal infection can occur, altering cellular function. The fMRI studies affirm the associations between nonencephalitic HSV-1 infection and functional brain changes linked with working memory impairment. The fMRI and iPSC studies together pr... |
### Instruction:
Does norcantharidin inhibit tumor growth and vasculogenic mimicry of human gallbladder carcinomas by suppression of the PI3-K/MMPs/Ln-5γ2 signaling pathway?
### Response:
| NCTD inhibited tumor growth and VM of human GBCs in vitro and in vivo by suppression of the PI3-K/MMPs/Ln-5γ2 signaling pathway. It is firstly concluded that NCTD may be a potential anti-VM agent for human GBCs. |
### Instruction:
Does prevalence of small-for-gestational-age and its mortality risk vary by choice of birth-weight-for-gestation reference population?
### Response:
| These results demonstrate the value of a common birth-weight-for-gestation reference population that will facilitate comparisons of SGA prevalence and mortality risk across research studies. |
### Instruction:
Do females tend to prefer genetically similar mates in an island population of house sparrows?
### Response:
| These results are in agreement with the idea that mating with genetically similar mates can either avoid the disruption of co-adapted genes or confer a benefit in terms of kin selection. |
### Instruction:
Is minimally invasive surfactant therapy with a gastric tube as effective as the intubation , surfactant , and extubation technique in preterm babies?
### Response:
| Surfactant administration using MIST, with no sedation, is feasible in preterm infants with RDS. No significant differences in secondary respiratory outcomes were found between the MIST and INSURE techniques. |
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