Datasets:
vgainullin
/
xciting_data

Dataset card Data Studio Files
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 Community
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8
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,654,939
null
Furthermore, we could not exclude the effect of current medication or atherosclerotic risk factors, such as diabetes, smoking, or hypercholesterolemia.
null
151
41,719
0
false
null
null
Furthermore, we could not exclude the effect of current medication or atherosclerotic risk factors, such as diabetes, smoking, or hypercholesterolemia.
true
true
true
true
true
7,196
8
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,654,939
null
However, the study population included subjects who suffered non-cardiac deaths, such as motor vehicle injury, stab wound injury, and fall injury.
null
146
41,720
0
false
null
null
However, the study population included subjects who suffered non-cardiac deaths, such as motor vehicle injury, stab wound injury, and fall injury.
true
true
true
true
true
7,196
8
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,654,939
null
Hence, the study population appeared to represent the general population, and we believe our data accurately indicated the natural course of atherosclerosis and its relation to Nogo-B.
null
184
41,721
0
false
null
null
Hence, the study population appeared to represent the general population, and we believe our data accurately indicated the natural course of atherosclerosis and its relation to Nogo-B.
true
true
true
true
true
7,196
9
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,654,939
null
In conclusion, the present study shows that Nogo-B expression is down-regulated and inversely correlated with FA progression.
null
125
41,722
0
false
null
null
In conclusion, the present study shows that Nogo-B expression is down-regulated and inversely correlated with FA progression.
true
true
true
true
true
7,197
9
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,654,939
null
This is specifically represented by the increasing size of the necrotic core.
null
77
41,723
0
false
null
null
This is specifically represented by the increasing size of the necrotic core.
true
true
true
true
true
7,197
9
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
19,654,939
null
Our findings support the hypothesis that local Nogo-B reduction may contribute to plaque formation and/or vulnerability.
null
120
41,724
0
false
null
null
Our findings support the hypothesis that local Nogo-B reduction may contribute to plaque formation and/or vulnerability.
true
true
true
true
true
7,197
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1–3
[ "B1 B2 B3", "B4", "B5", "B6" ]
18,653,524
pmid-15289578|pmid-11606270|NA|pmid-17493823|NA|pmid-16891171
DNA is often viewed as a relatively rigid biological macromolecule (1–3), with RNA and proteins thought of as exhibiting broader ranges of both intrinsic three-dimensional structural variability as well as dynamical flexibility.
[ "1–3", "4", "5", "6" ]
228
41,725
1
false
DNA is often viewed as a relatively rigid biological macromolecule, with RNA and proteins thought of as exhibiting broader ranges of both intrinsic three-dimensional structural variability as well as dynamical flexibility.
[ "1–3" ]
DNA is often viewed as a relatively rigid biological macromolecule, with RNA and proteins thought of as exhibiting broader ranges of both intrinsic three-dimensional structural variability as well as dynamical flexibility.
true
true
true
true
true
7,198
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1–3
[ "B1 B2 B3", "B4", "B5", "B6" ]
18,653,524
pmid-15289578|pmid-11606270|NA|pmid-17493823|NA|pmid-16891171
This perspective of a locally rigid, globally flexible biopolymer is consistent with the rather passive biological role of DNA as the repository of genetic information—the genome is read-out by the process of transcription.
[ "1–3", "4", "5", "6" ]
223
41,726
0
false
This perspective of a locally rigid, globally flexible biopolymer is consistent with the rather passive biological role of DNA as the repository of genetic information—the genome is read-out by the process of transcription.
[]
This perspective of a locally rigid, globally flexible biopolymer is consistent with the rather passive biological role of DNA as the repository of genetic information—the genome is read-out by the process of transcription.
true
true
true
true
true
7,198
0
INTRODUCTION
1
4
[ "B1 B2 B3", "B4", "B5", "B6" ]
18,653,524
pmid-15289578|pmid-11606270|NA|pmid-17493823|NA|pmid-16891171
Links between structure and potential biological functions (both normal and aberrant) have been explored for conformations that deviate from the standard B-form double helix—including such varieties as multi-stranded triplexes, quadruplex structures found in telomeric G-rich tracts, cruciforms adopted by inverted repea...
[ "1–3", "4", "5", "6" ]
370
41,727
1
false
Links between structure and potential biological functions (both normal and aberrant) have been explored for conformations that deviate from the standard B-form double helix—including such varieties as multi-stranded triplexes, quadruplex structures found in telomeric G-rich tracts, cruciforms adopted by inverted repea...
[ "4" ]
Links between structure and potential biological functions (both normal and aberrant) have been explored for conformations that deviate from the standard B-form double helix—including such varieties as multi-stranded triplexes, quadruplex structures found in telomeric G-rich tracts, cruciforms adopted by inverted repea...
true
true
true
true
true
7,198
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1–3
[ "B1 B2 B3", "B4", "B5", "B6" ]
18,653,524
pmid-15289578|pmid-11606270|NA|pmid-17493823|NA|pmid-16891171
However, beyond these alternative secondary structures, it is also becoming increasingly apparent that the structure and dynamics of the canonical Watson–Crick DNA double helix on a very local (base pair) level play pivotal roles in specific biological functions, such as the site-specific binding of transcription facto...
[ "1–3", "4", "5", "6" ]
346
41,728
0
false
However, beyond these alternative secondary structures, it is also becoming increasingly apparent that the structure and dynamics of the canonical Watson–Crick DNA double helix on a very local (base pair) level play pivotal roles in specific biological functions, such as the site-specific binding of transcription facto...
[]
However, beyond these alternative secondary structures, it is also becoming increasingly apparent that the structure and dynamics of the canonical Watson–Crick DNA double helix on a very local (base pair) level play pivotal roles in specific biological functions, such as the site-specific binding of transcription facto...
true
true
true
true
true
7,198
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1–3
[ "B1 B2 B3", "B4", "B5", "B6" ]
18,653,524
pmid-15289578|pmid-11606270|NA|pmid-17493823|NA|pmid-16891171
This idea of a functional role for sequence-specific DNA fine structure and dynamics is embodied in the concept of ‘indirect readout’ (5,6), wherein features of protein···DNA recognition are dictated by subtle conformational and dynamical properties of DNA beyond the stereochemical code provided by the specific linear ...
[ "1–3", "4", "5", "6" ]
424
41,729
0
false
This idea of a functional role for sequence-specific DNA fine structure and dynamics is embodied in the concept of ‘indirect readout’, wherein features of protein···DNA recognition are dictated by subtle conformational and dynamical properties of DNA beyond the stereochemical code provided by the specific linear array ...
[ "5,6" ]
This idea of a functional role for sequence-specific DNA fine structure and dynamics is embodied in the concept of ‘indirect readout’, wherein features of protein···DNA recognition are dictated by subtle conformational and dynamical properties of DNA beyond the stereochemical code provided by the specific linear array ...
true
true
true
true
true
7,198
1
INTRODUCTION
1
7
[ "B7", "B8", "B9 B10 B11 B12", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B16", "B17" ]
18,653,524
pmid-514347|pmid-7432492|pmid-9622486|pmid-10497024|pmid-11493048|pmid-15465909|pmid-11601858|pmid-7606789|pmid-9759487|pmid-16683746|NA
Despite the vast literature dedicated to DNA structural biology since the first atomic-resolution crystal structures of both left- (7) and right-handed (8) double helices, many aspects of DNA structure and dynamics remain unclear—including the intrinsic coupling between structure and conformational dynamics that is the...
[ "7", "8", "9–12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17" ]
347
41,730
1
false
Despite the vast literature dedicated to DNA structural biology since the first atomic-resolution crystal structures of both left- and right-handed double helices, many aspects of DNA structure and dynamics remain unclear—including the intrinsic coupling between structure and conformational dynamics that is the basis o...
[ "7", "8" ]
Despite the vast literature dedicated to DNA structural biology since the first atomic-resolution crystal structures of both left- and right-handed double helices, many aspects of DNA structure and dynamics remain unclear—including the intrinsic coupling between structure and conformational dynamics that is the basis o...
true
true
true
true
true
7,199
1
INTRODUCTION
1
9–12
[ "B7", "B8", "B9 B10 B11 B12", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B16", "B17" ]
18,653,524
pmid-514347|pmid-7432492|pmid-9622486|pmid-10497024|pmid-11493048|pmid-15465909|pmid-11601858|pmid-7606789|pmid-9759487|pmid-16683746|NA
For instance, controversy surrounds the relative significance of extrinsic/environmental factors (such as hydration and counterion-binding) versus intrinsic factorsm (such as local base pair interactions) in mediating sequence-specific DNA fine structure, as gauged by helical axis bending, groove widths and related pro...
[ "7", "8", "9–12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17" ]
335
41,731
1
false
For instance, controversy surrounds the relative significance of extrinsic/environmental factors (such as hydration and counterion-binding) versus intrinsic factorsm (such as local base pair interactions) in mediating sequence-specific DNA fine structure, as gauged by helical axis bending, groove widths and related pro...
[ "9–12" ]
For instance, controversy surrounds the relative significance of extrinsic/environmental factors (such as hydration and counterion-binding) versus intrinsic factorsm (such as local base pair interactions) in mediating sequence-specific DNA fine structure, as gauged by helical axis bending, groove widths and related pro...
true
true
true
true
true
7,199
1
INTRODUCTION
1
7
[ "B7", "B8", "B9 B10 B11 B12", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B16", "B17" ]
18,653,524
pmid-514347|pmid-7432492|pmid-9622486|pmid-10497024|pmid-11493048|pmid-15465909|pmid-11601858|pmid-7606789|pmid-9759487|pmid-16683746|NA
Quantitative frameworks have been developed for the description of DNA structure in terms of the local geometry of bases, base pairs (bp), bp steps and higher-order structural units [e.g.
[ "7", "8", "9–12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17" ]
187
41,732
0
false
Quantitative frameworks have been developed for the description of DNA structure in terms of the local geometry of bases, base pairs (bp), bp steps and higher-order structural units [e.g.
[]
Quantitative frameworks have been developed for the description of DNA structure in terms of the local geometry of bases, base pairs (bp), bp steps and higher-order structural units [e.g.
true
true
true
true
true
7,199
1
INTRODUCTION
1
13
[ "B7", "B8", "B9 B10 B11 B12", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B16", "B17" ]
18,653,524
pmid-514347|pmid-7432492|pmid-9622486|pmid-10497024|pmid-11493048|pmid-15465909|pmid-11601858|pmid-7606789|pmid-9759487|pmid-16683746|NA
(13)], but progress in elucidating those structural and dynamical phenomena thought to occur via transient, short-lived intermediates [such as occurs in base flipping (14,15)] remains hindered by the difficulty of using existing experimental methods to extract dynamical information at both atomic resolution and over th...
[ "7", "8", "9–12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17" ]
362
41,733
1
false
], but progress in elucidating those structural and dynamical phenomena thought to occur via transient, short-lived intermediates remains hindered by the difficulty of using existing experimental methods to extract dynamical information at both atomic resolution and over the potentially relevant timescales (ns→ms).
[ "13", "such as occurs in base flipping (14,15)" ]
], but progress in elucidating those structural and dynamical phenomena thought to occur via transient, short-lived intermediates remains hindered by the difficulty of using existing experimental methods to extract dynamical information at both atomic resolution and over the potentially relevant timescales (ns→ms).
false
false
true
true
false
7,199
1
INTRODUCTION
1
7
[ "B7", "B8", "B9 B10 B11 B12", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B16", "B17" ]
18,653,524
pmid-514347|pmid-7432492|pmid-9622486|pmid-10497024|pmid-11493048|pmid-15465909|pmid-11601858|pmid-7606789|pmid-9759487|pmid-16683746|NA
Emblematic of this difficulty, crystallographic models generally represent spatially and temporally averaged structures of individual molecules, the averages being taken over more than 1012 unit cells (a conservative estimate, for micrometer-sized crystals of typical cell dimensions) and time periods greater than hundr...
[ "7", "8", "9–12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17" ]
420
41,734
0
false
Emblematic of this difficulty, crystallographic models generally represent spatially and temporally averaged structures of individual molecules, the averages being taken over more than 1012 unit cells (a conservative estimate, for micrometer-sized crystals of typical cell dimensions) and time periods greater than hundr...
[]
Emblematic of this difficulty, crystallographic models generally represent spatially and temporally averaged structures of individual molecules, the averages being taken over more than 1012 unit cells (a conservative estimate, for micrometer-sized crystals of typical cell dimensions) and time periods greater than hundr...
true
true
true
true
true
7,199
1
INTRODUCTION
1
7
[ "B7", "B8", "B9 B10 B11 B12", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B16", "B17" ]
18,653,524
pmid-514347|pmid-7432492|pmid-9622486|pmid-10497024|pmid-11493048|pmid-15465909|pmid-11601858|pmid-7606789|pmid-9759487|pmid-16683746|NA
Thus, detailed knowledge remains somewhat obscure of the factors modulating the mean structural and conformational properties of DNA, the dynamical processes mediating inter-conversions between these average conformational states, and the interactions of these (sub-)states with transcription factors, histone proteins, ...
[ "7", "8", "9–12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17" ]
383
41,735
0
false
Thus, detailed knowledge remains somewhat obscure of the factors modulating the mean structural and conformational properties of DNA, the dynamical processes mediating inter-conversions between these average conformational states, and the interactions of these (sub-)states with transcription factors, histone proteins, ...
[]
Thus, detailed knowledge remains somewhat obscure of the factors modulating the mean structural and conformational properties of DNA, the dynamical processes mediating inter-conversions between these average conformational states, and the interactions of these (sub-)states with transcription factors, histone proteins, ...
true
true
true
true
true
7,199
1
INTRODUCTION
1
16
[ "B7", "B8", "B9 B10 B11 B12", "B13", "B14", "B15", "B16", "B17" ]
18,653,524
pmid-514347|pmid-7432492|pmid-9622486|pmid-10497024|pmid-11493048|pmid-15465909|pmid-11601858|pmid-7606789|pmid-9759487|pmid-16683746|NA
Computational approaches such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulation (16) provide an alternative route towards exploring biomolecular structure and dynamics in fully atomic detail, and have yielded a wealth of nucleic acid simulations over the past dozen years [reviewed in (17)].
[ "7", "8", "9–12", "13", "14", "15", "16", "17" ]
279
41,736
1
false
Computational approaches such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulation provide an alternative route towards exploring biomolecular structure and dynamics in fully atomic detail, and have yielded a wealth of nucleic acid simulations over the past dozen years.
[ "16", "reviewed in (17)" ]
Computational approaches such as molecular dynamics (MD) simulation provide an alternative route towards exploring biomolecular structure and dynamics in fully atomic detail, and have yielded a wealth of nucleic acid simulations over the past dozen years.
true
true
true
true
true
7,199
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
The NF-κB transcription factor family illustrates the many potential complexities of protein···DNA recognition.
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
111
41,737
0
false
The NF-κB transcription factor family illustrates the many potential complexities of protein···DNA recognition.
[]
The NF-κB transcription factor family illustrates the many potential complexities of protein···DNA recognition.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
This family occurs in a wide variety of eukaryotes and regulates a similarly broad array of cellular pathways, ranging from morphogenesis in insects to adaptive immunity in humans (18).
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
185
41,738
1
false
This family occurs in a wide variety of eukaryotes and regulates a similarly broad array of cellular pathways, ranging from morphogenesis in insects to adaptive immunity in humans.
[ "18" ]
This family occurs in a wide variety of eukaryotes and regulates a similarly broad array of cellular pathways, ranging from morphogenesis in insects to adaptive immunity in humans.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
The five mammalian NF-κBs [p50, p52, p65 (RelA), c-Rel and RelB] contain an ≈300-residue Rel Homology Region (RHR), consisting of two immunoglobulin-like folds joined by a flexible linker.
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
188
41,739
0
false
The five mammalian NF-κBs [p50, p52, p65 (RelA), c-Rel and RelB] contain an ≈300-residue Rel Homology Region (RHR), consisting of two immunoglobulin-like folds joined by a flexible linker.
[]
The five mammalian NF-κBs [p50, p52, p65 (RelA), c-Rel and RelB] contain an ≈300-residue Rel Homology Region (RHR), consisting of two immunoglobulin-like folds joined by a flexible linker.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
NF-κBs associate into homo- and hetero-dimers that modulate gene expression by binding to target κB DNA-enhancer sites.
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
119
41,740
0
false
NF-κBs associate into homo- and hetero-dimers that modulate gene expression by binding to target κB DNA-enhancer sites.
[]
NF-κBs associate into homo- and hetero-dimers that modulate gene expression by binding to target κB DNA-enhancer sites.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
The remarkably loose κB consensus sequence 5′GGGRNWYYCC3′ [N = any nucleotide, R = purine, Y = pyrimidine (often Thy) and W = Ade or Thy] consists of two ‘half sites’ (underlined).
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
180
41,741
0
false
The remarkably loose κB consensus sequence 5′GGGRNWYYCC3′ [N = any nucleotide, R = purine, Y = pyrimidine (often Thy) and W = Ade or Thy] consists of two ‘half sites’ (underlined).
[]
The remarkably loose κB consensus sequence 5′GGGRNWYYCC3′ [N = any nucleotide, R = purine, Y = pyrimidine (often Thy) and W = Ade or Thy] consists of two ‘half sites’ (underlined).
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
The 5-bp GGGRN half sites are preferentially bound by p50 and p52 subunits, while RelA, RelB and c-Rel prefer the 4-bp YYCC half sites.
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
135
41,742
0
false
The 5-bp GGGRN half sites are preferentially bound by p50 and p52 subunits, while RelA, RelB and c-Rel prefer the 4-bp YYCC half sites.
[]
The 5-bp GGGRN half sites are preferentially bound by p50 and p52 subunits, while RelA, RelB and c-Rel prefer the 4-bp YYCC half sites.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
Thus, in addition to immense sequence variability and intrinsically different NF-κB-binding preferences for different half sites, κB elements also vary in length.
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
162
41,743
0
false
Thus, in addition to immense sequence variability and intrinsically different NF-κB-binding preferences for different half sites, κB elements also vary in length.
[]
Thus, in addition to immense sequence variability and intrinsically different NF-κB-binding preferences for different half sites, κB elements also vary in length.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
Known κB sites can be grouped into 9-bp ‘class I’ sites (4 + 1 + 4 arrangement, for c-Rel and RelA homodimers) and 10- or 11-bp ‘class II’ sites (5 + 1 + 5, for p50 and p52 homodimers).
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
185
41,744
0
false
Known κB sites can be grouped into 9-bp ‘class I’ sites (4 + 1 + 4 arrangement, for c-Rel and RelA homodimers) and 10- or 11-bp ‘class II’ sites (5 + 1 + 5, for p50 and p52 homodimers).
[]
Known κB sites can be grouped into 9-bp ‘class I’ sites and 10- or 11-bp ‘class II’ sites.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
However, even the above rules and consensus sequences are likely to be too restrictive: Some sequence-specific trends are known, but there is great degeneracy in terms of both (i) optimal DNA sequences for a given NF-κB dimer and (ii) the relative affinities of different NF-κB dimers for a given κB DNA sequence (18).
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
318
41,745
1
false
However, even the above rules and consensus sequences are likely to be too restrictive: Some sequence-specific trends are known, but there is great degeneracy in terms of both (i) optimal DNA sequences for a given NF-κB dimer and (ii) the relative affinities of different NF-κB dimers for a given κB DNA sequence.
[ "18" ]
However, even the above rules and consensus sequences are likely to be too restrictive: Some sequence-specific trends are known, but there is great degeneracy in terms of both (i) optimal DNA sequences for a given NF-κB dimer and (ii) the relative affinities of different NF-κB dimers for a given κB DNA sequence.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
18
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
Thus, an outstanding question in the NF-κB field is the detailed mechanism of indirect readout—What are the determinants of sequence-specific binding of NF-κB to target κB sites?
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
178
41,746
0
false
Thus, an outstanding question in the NF-κB field is the detailed mechanism of indirect readout—What are the determinants of sequence-specific binding of NF-κB to target κB sites?
[]
Thus, an outstanding question in the NF-κB field is the detailed mechanism of indirect readout—What are the determinants of sequence-specific binding of NF-κB to target κB sites?
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
2
INTRODUCTION
1
19
[ "B18", "B18", "B19", "B20" ]
18,653,524
pmid-17072323|pmid-17072323|pmid-10825175|pmid-15663934
Biophysical studies have demonstrated that NF-κB···DNA-binding affinity is largely entropically driven (19), but the issue of site specificity remains far murkier, with it now thought that ‘the conformation and flexibility of κB DNA sequences play a critical role in the recognition of NF-κB dimers’ (20).
[ "18", "18", "19", "20" ]
305
41,747
1
false
Biophysical studies have demonstrated that NF-κB···DNA-binding affinity is largely entropically driven, but the issue of site specificity remains far murkier, with it now thought that ‘the conformation and flexibility of κB DNA sequences play a critical role in the recognition of NF-κB dimers’.
[ "19", "20" ]
Biophysical studies have demonstrated that NF-κB···DNA-binding affinity is largely entropically driven, but the issue of site specificity remains far murkier, with it now thought that ‘the conformation and flexibility of κB DNA sequences play a critical role in the recognition of NF-κB dimers’.
true
true
true
true
true
7,200
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
Therefore, as an initial step in elucidating protein···DNA recognition and the mechanism of indirect readout in the context of differential binding of NF-κB transcription factors to κB DNA elements, we performed MD simulations of a 20-bp κB DNA of known structure (Figure 1, S1).
[ "21" ]
279
41,748
0
false
Therefore, as an initial step in elucidating protein···DNA recognition and the mechanism of indirect readout in the context of differential binding of NF-κB transcription factors to κB DNA elements, we performed MD simulations of a 20-bp κB DNA of known structure (Figure 1, S1).
[]
Therefore, as an initial step in elucidating protein···DNA recognition and the mechanism of indirect readout in the context of differential binding of NF-κB transcription factors to κB DNA elements, we performed MD simulations of a 20-bp κB DNA of known structure.
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
This DNA duplex consists of the sequence d(GGGTTTAAAGAAATTCCAGA), and encompasses a κB element (underlined) recognized by the c-Rel NF-κB homodimer and its oncogenic variant ‘v-Rel’ (21).
[ "21" ]
187
41,749
1
false
This DNA duplex consists of the sequence d(GGGTTTAAAGAAATTCCAGA), and encompasses a κB element (underlined) recognized by the c-Rel NF-κB homodimer and its oncogenic variant ‘v-Rel’.
[ "21" ]
This DNA duplex consists of the sequence d(GGGTTTAAAGAAATTCCAGA), and encompasses a κB element (underlined) recognized by the c-Rel NF-κB homodimer and its oncogenic variant ‘v-Rel’.
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
Simulations of the DNA were extended to the microsecond timescale, affording insights that would have remained undiscovered in a shorter simulation.
[ "21" ]
148
41,750
0
false
Simulations of the DNA were extended to the microsecond timescale, affording insights that would have remained undiscovered in a shorter simulation.
[]
Simulations of the DNA were extended to the microsecond timescale, affording insights that would have remained undiscovered in a shorter simulation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
Unanticipated κB DNA structural transitions discovered at the long times sampled in this trajectory include cross-strand intercalative stacking (‘XSIS’) of nucleotides followed by spontaneous base flipping at a neighboring nucleotide, as well as a peculiar minor groove-bound ‘barbed’ terminus.
[ "21" ]
294
41,751
0
false
Unanticipated κB DNA structural transitions discovered at the long times sampled in this trajectory include cross-strand intercalative stacking (‘XSIS’) of nucleotides followed by spontaneous base flipping at a neighboring nucleotide, as well as a peculiar minor groove-bound ‘barbed’ terminus.
[]
Unanticipated κB DNA structural transitions discovered at the long times sampled in this trajectory include cross-strand intercalative stacking (‘XSIS’) of nucleotides followed by spontaneous base flipping at a neighboring nucleotide, as well as a peculiar minor groove-bound ‘barbed’ terminus.
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
In addition to illuminating the microsecond-scale structural and dynamical behavior of this particular κB sequence, the simulation provides a broad, atomic-resolution glimpse into the dynamical properties of two turns of double helical DNA over a wide range of timescales (nine orders of magnitude).
[ "21" ]
299
41,752
0
false
In addition to illuminating the microsecond-scale structural and dynamical behavior of this particular κB sequence, the simulation provides a broad, atomic-resolution glimpse into the dynamical properties of two turns of double helical DNA over a wide range of timescales (nine orders of magnitude).
[]
In addition to illuminating the microsecond-scale structural and dynamical behavior of this particular κB sequence, the simulation provides a broad, atomic-resolution glimpse into the dynamical properties of two turns of double helical DNA over a wide range of timescales (nine orders of magnitude).
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
The terascale body of data presents opportunities for detailed analyses of methodological issues (such as the approximations inherent in the empirical force fields used in MD), but the present report focuses instead upon the intriguing XSIS, flipping and barbing transitions, as well as suggesting specific experimental ...
[ "21" ]
407
41,753
0
false
The terascale body of data presents opportunities for detailed analyses of methodological issues (such as the approximations inherent in the empirical force fields used in MD), but the present report focuses instead upon the intriguing XSIS, flipping and barbing transitions, as well as suggesting specific experimental ...
[]
The terascale body of data presents opportunities for detailed analyses of methodological issues (such as the approximations inherent in the empirical force fields used in MD), but the present report focuses instead upon the intriguing XSIS, flipping and barbing transitions, as well as suggesting specific experimental ...
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
While technical issues pertaining to force field parameterization lie beyond the scope of the present work, an initial assessment of the quality of this extended trajectory was made by considering microsecond-scale DNA backbone dynamics in terms of potential BI/BII and α/γ backbone substate sampling problems.
[ "21" ]
310
41,754
0
false
While technical issues pertaining to force field parameterization lie beyond the scope of the present work, an initial assessment of the quality of this extended trajectory was made by considering microsecond-scale DNA backbone dynamics in terms of potential BI/BII and α/γ backbone substate sampling problems.
[]
While technical issues pertaining to force field parameterization lie beyond the scope of the present work, an initial assessment of the quality of this extended trajectory was made by considering microsecond-scale DNA backbone dynamics in terms of potential BI/BII and α/γ backbone substate sampling problems.
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
Figure 1.Overview of the κB DNA element and simulation system.
[ "21" ]
62
41,755
0
false
Figure 1.Overview of the κB DNA element and simulation system.
[]
Figure 1.Overview of the κB DNA element and simulation system.
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
The microsecond-scale dynamics of the κB DNA element shown in this sequence schematic (a) were explored, the MD simulation system consisting of the 20-bp duplex immersed in a bath of explicit water and 50 mM NaCl (b; dark blue line indicates perimeter of cut-away frontal slice).
[ "21" ]
279
41,756
0
false
The microsecond-scale dynamics of the κB DNA element shown in this sequence schematic (a) were explored, the MD simulation system consisting of the 20-bp duplex immersed in a bath of explicit water and 50 mM NaCl (b; dark blue line indicates perimeter of cut-away frontal slice).
[]
The microsecond-scale dynamics of the κB DNA element shown in this sequence schematic (a) were explored, the MD simulation system consisting of the 20-bp duplex immersed in a bath of explicit water and 50 mM NaCl (b; dark blue line indicates perimeter of cut-away frontal slice).
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
This particular κB DNA sequence is bound by the (c-Rel)2 NF-κB homodimer, and is essentially a composite recognition element consisting of AGAA and TTCC κB ‘half sites’.
[ "21" ]
169
41,757
0
false
This particular κB DNA sequence is bound by the (c-Rel)2 NF-κB homodimer, and is essentially a composite recognition element consisting of AGAA and TTCC κB ‘half sites’.
[]
This particular κB DNA sequence is bound by the (c-Rel)2 NF-κB homodimer, and is essentially a composite recognition element consisting of AGAA and TTCC κB ‘half sites’.
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
3
INTRODUCTION
1
21
[ "B21" ]
18,653,524
pmid-11587641
Much of the interesting structural and dynamical behavior of this A/T-rich duplex (A-rich regions are accentuated in red) arose within the nonameric κB element (grey background in a, CPK spheres in b), including the cross-strand intercalative stacking (XSIS) and base flipping events.
[ "21" ]
284
41,758
0
false
Much of the interesting structural and dynamical behavior of this A/T-rich duplex (A-rich regions are accentuated in red) arose within the nonameric κB element (grey background in a, CPK spheres in b), including the cross-strand intercalative stacking (XSIS) and base flipping events.
[]
Much of the interesting structural and dynamical behavior of this A/T-rich duplex (A-rich regions are accentuated in red) arose within the nonameric κB element (grey background in a, CPK spheres in b), including the cross-strand intercalative stacking (XSIS) and base flipping events.
true
true
true
true
true
7,201
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
18,653,524
null
Overview of the κB DNA element and simulation system.
null
53
41,759
0
false
null
null
Overview of the κB DNA element and simulation system.
true
true
true
true
true
7,202
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
18,653,524
null
The microsecond-scale dynamics of the κB DNA element shown in this sequence schematic (a) were explored, the MD simulation system consisting of the 20-bp duplex immersed in a bath of explicit water and 50 mM NaCl (b; dark blue line indicates perimeter of cut-away frontal slice).
null
279
41,760
0
false
null
null
The microsecond-scale dynamics of the κB DNA element shown in this sequence schematic (a) were explored, the MD simulation system consisting of the 20-bp duplex immersed in a bath of explicit water and 50 mM NaCl (b; dark blue line indicates perimeter of cut-away frontal slice).
true
true
true
true
true
7,202
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
18,653,524
null
This particular κB DNA sequence is bound by the (c-Rel)2 NF-κB homodimer, and is essentially a composite recognition element consisting of AGAA and TTCC κB ‘half sites’.
null
169
41,761
0
false
null
null
This particular κB DNA sequence is bound by the (c-Rel)2 NF-κB homodimer, and is essentially a composite recognition element consisting of AGAA and TTCC κB ‘half sites’.
true
true
true
true
true
7,202
4
INTRODUCTION
0
null
null
18,653,524
null
Much of the interesting structural and dynamical behavior of this A/T-rich duplex (A-rich regions are accentuated in red) arose within the nonameric κB element (grey background in a, CPK spheres in b), including the cross-strand intercalative stacking (XSIS) and base flipping events.
null
284
41,762
0
false
null
null
Much of the interesting structural and dynamical behavior of this A/T-rich duplex (A-rich regions are accentuated in red) arose within the nonameric κB element (grey background in a, CPK spheres in b), including the cross-strand intercalative stacking (XSIS) and base flipping events.
true
true
true
true
true
7,202
0
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B3", "B4", "B9", "B10" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-3821363|pmid-9366704|NA|pmid-528821
A narrow IAC is a rare congenital malformation of the temporal bone and it usually exists along with several other abnormalities of the temporal bone and various systemic developmental anomalies, including cardiac, renal, skeletal, and intestinal malformations (1).
[ "1", "3", "4", "9", "10" ]
265
41,763
1
false
A narrow IAC is a rare congenital malformation of the temporal bone and it usually exists along with several other abnormalities of the temporal bone and various systemic developmental anomalies, including cardiac, renal, skeletal, and intestinal malformations.
[ "1" ]
A narrow IAC is a rare congenital malformation of the temporal bone and it usually exists along with several other abnormalities of the temporal bone and various systemic developmental anomalies, including cardiac, renal, skeletal, and intestinal malformations.
true
true
true
true
true
7,203
0
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B3", "B4", "B9", "B10" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-3821363|pmid-9366704|NA|pmid-528821
This malformation comprises only 12% of congenital temporal bone anomalies, and it is usually unilateral (3, 4, 9).
[ "1", "3", "4", "9", "10" ]
115
41,764
0
false
This malformation comprises only 12% of congenital temporal bone anomalies, and it is usually unilateral.
[ "3, 4, 9" ]
This malformation comprises only 12% of congenital temporal bone anomalies, and it is usually unilateral.
true
true
true
true
true
7,203
0
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B3", "B4", "B9", "B10" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-3821363|pmid-9366704|NA|pmid-528821
Rarely, this malformation may exist in isolation.
[ "1", "3", "4", "9", "10" ]
49
41,765
0
false
Rarely, this malformation may exist in isolation.
[]
Rarely, this malformation may exist in isolation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,203
0
DISCUSSION
1
10
[ "B1", "B3", "B4", "B9", "B10" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-3821363|pmid-9366704|NA|pmid-528821
Congenital isolated narrowing of the IAC implies that there are no associated abnormalities in the inner ear, middle or external ear structures, and the absence of any acquired osseous condition predisposing to stenosis of the IAC (10).
[ "1", "3", "4", "9", "10" ]
236
41,766
1
false
Congenital isolated narrowing of the IAC implies that there are no associated abnormalities in the inner ear, middle or external ear structures, and the absence of any acquired osseous condition predisposing to stenosis of the IAC.
[ "10" ]
Congenital isolated narrowing of the IAC implies that there are no associated abnormalities in the inner ear, middle or external ear structures, and the absence of any acquired osseous condition predisposing to stenosis of the IAC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,203
0
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B3", "B4", "B9", "B10" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-3821363|pmid-9366704|NA|pmid-528821
In this case, the IAC was unilateral and there was no evidence of other temporal bone or systemic developmental anomalies.
[ "1", "3", "4", "9", "10" ]
122
41,767
0
false
In this case, the IAC was unilateral and there was no evidence of other temporal bone or systemic developmental anomalies.
[]
In this case, the IAC was unilateral and there was no evidence of other temporal bone or systemic developmental anomalies.
true
true
true
true
true
7,203
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B4", "B1" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-9366704|pmid-9279630
There are two widely accepted hypotheses that explain the association of a narrow IAC with sensorineural hearing loss.
[ "1", "4", "1" ]
118
41,768
0
false
There are two widely accepted hypotheses that explain the association of a narrow IAC with sensorineural hearing loss.
[]
There are two widely accepted hypotheses that explain the association of a narrow IAC with sensorineural hearing loss.
true
true
true
true
true
7,204
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B4", "B1" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-9366704|pmid-9279630
One hypothesis is that the embryonic cochlear and vestibule induce the growth of the vestibulocochlear nerve and the bony canal develops around the nerve together with the facial nerve by chondrification and ossification of the mesoderm in the eighth week of gestation.
[ "1", "4", "1" ]
269
41,769
0
false
One hypothesis is that the embryonic cochlear and vestibule induce the growth of the vestibulocochlear nerve and the bony canal develops around the nerve together with the facial nerve by chondrification and ossification of the mesoderm in the eighth week of gestation.
[]
One hypothesis is that the embryonic cochlear and vestibule induce the growth of the vestibulocochlear nerve and the bony canal develops around the nerve together with the facial nerve by chondrification and ossification of the mesoderm in the eighth week of gestation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,204
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B4", "B1" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-9366704|pmid-9279630
When the vestibulocochlear nerve is aplastic or hypoplastic, the IAC fails to develop and becomes stenotic (1, 4).
[ "1", "4", "1" ]
114
41,770
0
false
When the vestibulocochlear nerve is aplastic or hypoplastic, the IAC fails to develop and becomes stenotic.
[ "1, 4" ]
When the vestibulocochlear nerve is aplastic or hypoplastic, the IAC fails to develop and becomes stenotic.
true
true
true
true
true
7,204
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B4", "B1" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-9366704|pmid-9279630
The other hypothesis is that the primary defect is bony stenosis that inhibits the growth of the vestibulocochlear nerve and causes impaired transmission of an induction signal from the intact cochlea and vestibule.
[ "1", "4", "1" ]
215
41,771
0
false
The other hypothesis is that the primary defect is bony stenosis that inhibits the growth of the vestibulocochlear nerve and causes impaired transmission of an induction signal from the intact cochlea and vestibule.
[]
The other hypothesis is that the primary defect is bony stenosis that inhibits the growth of the vestibulocochlear nerve and causes impaired transmission of an induction signal from the intact cochlea and vestibule.
true
true
true
true
true
7,204
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B4", "B1" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-9366704|pmid-9279630
However, given the fact that the facial nerve function is usually preserved and it has a normal gross morphology in most cases of narrow IAC, this hypothesis is less likely (1).
[ "1", "4", "1" ]
177
41,772
1
false
However, given the fact that the facial nerve function is usually preserved and it has a normal gross morphology in most cases of narrow IAC, this hypothesis is less likely.
[ "1" ]
However, given the fact that the facial nerve function is usually preserved and it has a normal gross morphology in most cases of narrow IAC, this hypothesis is less likely.
true
true
true
true
true
7,204
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B4", "B1" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-9366704|pmid-9279630
The facial nerve develops separately and it is later surrounded as the canal forms around the vestibulocochlear nerve.
[ "1", "4", "1" ]
118
41,773
0
false
The facial nerve develops separately and it is later surrounded as the canal forms around the vestibulocochlear nerve.
[]
The facial nerve develops separately and it is later surrounded as the canal forms around the vestibulocochlear nerve.
true
true
true
true
true
7,204
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B4", "B1" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-9366704|pmid-9279630
This may cause the duplication of the IAC in some cases of a narrow IAC with the aplastic or hypoplastic vestibulocochlear nerve.
[ "1", "4", "1" ]
129
41,774
0
false
This may cause the duplication of the IAC in some cases of a narrow IAC with the aplastic or hypoplastic vestibulocochlear nerve.
[]
This may cause the duplication of the IAC in some cases of a narrow IAC with the aplastic or hypoplastic vestibulocochlear nerve.
true
true
true
true
true
7,204
1
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B1", "B4", "B1" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9279630|pmid-9366704|pmid-9279630
In this case, the right IAC was duplicated with a bony septum that separated the canal into a relatively large anterosuperior portion containing an intact facial nerve and empty stenotic inferoposterior portion.
[ "1", "4", "1" ]
211
41,775
0
false
In this case, the right IAC was duplicated with a bony septum that separated the canal into a relatively large anterosuperior portion containing an intact facial nerve and empty stenotic inferoposterior portion.
[]
In this case, the right IAC was duplicated with a bony septum that separated the canal into a relatively large anterosuperior portion containing an intact facial nerve and empty stenotic inferoposterior portion.
true
true
true
true
true
7,204
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
To date, only five cases of a narrow IAC with duplication have been reported.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
77
41,776
0
false
To date, only five cases of a narrow IAC with duplication have been reported.
[]
To date, only five cases of a narrow IAC with duplication have been reported.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
The first case was reported by Casselman et al.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
47
41,777
0
false
The first case was reported by Casselman et al.
[]
The first case was reported by Casselman et al.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
(6) in 1997.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
12
41,778
1
false
in 1997.
[ "6" ]
in 1997.
false
true
true
true
false
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
These investigators described a case of unilateral narrow IAC with duplication.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
79
41,779
0
false
These investigators described a case of unilateral narrow IAC with duplication.
[]
These investigators described a case of unilateral narrow IAC with duplication.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
However, there were no imaging findings of this case in the report.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
67
41,780
0
false
However, there were no imaging findings of this case in the report.
[]
However, there were no imaging findings of this case in the report.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
Vilain et al.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
13
41,781
0
false
Vilain et al.
[]
Vilain et al.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
8
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
(8) reported a second case in 1999.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
35
41,782
1
false
reported a second case in 1999.
[ "8" ]
reported a second case in 1999.
false
true
true
true
false
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
These investigators described a case of narrow IAC with duplicated canals that joined at the fundus of the IAC.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
111
41,783
0
false
These investigators described a case of narrow IAC with duplicated canals that joined at the fundus of the IAC.
[]
These investigators described a case of narrow IAC with duplicated canals that joined at the fundus of the IAC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
5
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
(5) reported a third case in 2000 and it was a case of narrow IAC with duplication.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
83
41,784
1
false
reported a third case in 2000 and it was a case of narrow IAC with duplication.
[ "5" ]
reported a third case in 2000 and it was a case of narrow IAC with duplication.
false
true
true
true
false
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
However, two separate canaliculi of the IAC showed similar diameters and did not join at the fundus of IAC.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
107
41,785
0
false
However, two separate canaliculi of the IAC showed similar diameters and did not join at the fundus of IAC.
[]
However, two separate canaliculi of the IAC showed similar diameters and did not join at the fundus of IAC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
A fourth case was reported by Ferreira et al.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
45
41,786
0
false
A fourth case was reported by Ferreira et al.
[]
A fourth case was reported by Ferreira et al.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
2
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
(2) in 2003.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
12
41,787
1
false
in 2003.
[ "2" ]
in 2003.
false
true
true
true
false
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
These investigators described a similar case of narrow IAC which was associated with bilateral enlargement of the vestibule and the lateral semicircular canal and bilateral dysplastic cochleae.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
193
41,788
0
false
These investigators described a similar case of narrow IAC which was associated with bilateral enlargement of the vestibule and the lateral semicircular canal and bilateral dysplastic cochleae.
[]
These investigators described a similar case of narrow IAC which was associated with bilateral enlargement of the vestibule and the lateral semicircular canal and bilateral dysplastic cochleae.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
A fifth case was reported by Demir et al.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
41
41,789
0
false
A fifth case was reported by Demir et al.
[]
A fifth case was reported by Demir et al.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
7
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
(7) in 2005.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
12
41,790
1
false
in 2005.
[ "7" ]
in 2005.
false
true
true
true
false
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
This was a case of a narrow IAC that was separated into two narrow bony canals.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
79
41,791
0
false
This was a case of a narrow IAC that was separated into two narrow bony canals.
[]
This was a case of a narrow IAC that was separated into two narrow bony canals.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
The contralateral external auditory canal was stenotic and the ossicles were dysplastic.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
88
41,792
0
false
The contralateral external auditory canal was stenotic and the ossicles were dysplastic.
[]
The contralateral external auditory canal was stenotic and the ossicles were dysplastic.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
Our case was an isolated unilateral narrow IAC that was not associated with any other labyrinthine abnormality.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
111
41,793
0
false
Our case was an isolated unilateral narrow IAC that was not associated with any other labyrinthine abnormality.
[]
Our case was an isolated unilateral narrow IAC that was not associated with any other labyrinthine abnormality.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
In this case, the IAC was divided by a bony septum into two bony canals that were joined at the fundus of IAC.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
110
41,794
0
false
In this case, the IAC was divided by a bony septum into two bony canals that were joined at the fundus of IAC.
[]
In this case, the IAC was divided by a bony septum into two bony canals that were joined at the fundus of IAC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
2
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B8", "B5", "B2", "B7" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10102042|pmid-10912275|pmid-12743665|pmid-16079980
These cases are summarized in Table 1.
[ "6", "8", "5", "2", "7" ]
38
41,795
0
false
These cases are summarized in Table 1.
[]
These cases are summarized in Table 1.
true
true
true
true
true
7,205
3
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "B9", "B1", "B6", "B4" ]
18,607,120
NA|pmid-9279630|pmid-9051033|pmid-9366704
The normal range of the IAC is 2-8 mm, with an average of 4 mm, and a narrow IAC is defined when a canal is smaller than 2 mm in vertical diameter as seen on HRCT (9).
[ "9", "1", "6", "4" ]
167
41,796
1
false
The normal range of the IAC is 2-8 mm, with an average of 4 mm, and a narrow IAC is defined when a canal is smaller than 2 mm in vertical diameter as seen on HRCT.
[ "9" ]
The normal range of the IAC is 2-8 mm, with an average of 4 mm, and a narrow IAC is defined when a canal is smaller than 2 mm in vertical diameter as seen on HRCT.
true
true
true
true
true
7,206
3
DISCUSSION
1
1
[ "B9", "B1", "B6", "B4" ]
18,607,120
NA|pmid-9279630|pmid-9051033|pmid-9366704
The HRCT scan is the diagnostic modality of choice as it provides excellent bony detail and high sensitivity and specificity in demonstrating the congenital inner ear and temporal bone abnormalities (1).
[ "9", "1", "6", "4" ]
203
41,797
1
false
The HRCT scan is the diagnostic modality of choice as it provides excellent bony detail and high sensitivity and specificity in demonstrating the congenital inner ear and temporal bone abnormalities.
[ "1" ]
The HRCT scan is the diagnostic modality of choice as it provides excellent bony detail and high sensitivity and specificity in demonstrating the congenital inner ear and temporal bone abnormalities.
true
true
true
true
true
7,206
3
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "B9", "B1", "B6", "B4" ]
18,607,120
NA|pmid-9279630|pmid-9051033|pmid-9366704
However, a CT scan has a limited role in assessing the neural components of the IAC.
[ "9", "1", "6", "4" ]
84
41,798
0
false
However, a CT scan has a limited role in assessing the neural components of the IAC.
[]
However, a CT scan has a limited role in assessing the neural components of the IAC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,206
3
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "B9", "B1", "B6", "B4" ]
18,607,120
NA|pmid-9279630|pmid-9051033|pmid-9366704
Casselman et al.
[ "9", "1", "6", "4" ]
16
41,799
0
false
Casselman et al.
[]
Casselman et al.
true
true
true
true
true
7,206
3
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B9", "B1", "B6", "B4" ]
18,607,120
NA|pmid-9279630|pmid-9051033|pmid-9366704
(6) described seven cases with congenital or unexplained sensorineural hearing loss and five of those cases with a normal IAC showed aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve or of only the cochlear branch on MR imaging.
[ "9", "1", "6", "4" ]
231
41,800
1
false
described seven cases with congenital or unexplained sensorineural hearing loss and five of those cases with a normal IAC showed aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve or of only the cochlear branch on MR imaging.
[ "6" ]
described seven cases with congenital or unexplained sensorineural hearing loss and five of those cases with a normal IAC showed aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve or of only the cochlear branch on MR imaging.
false
true
true
true
false
7,206
3
DISCUSSION
1
4
[ "B9", "B1", "B6", "B4" ]
18,607,120
NA|pmid-9279630|pmid-9051033|pmid-9366704
In patients with a narrow IAC, assessment of the cochlear nerve is crucial for selecting patients for cochlear implantation (4).
[ "9", "1", "6", "4" ]
128
41,801
1
false
In patients with a narrow IAC, assessment of the cochlear nerve is crucial for selecting patients for cochlear implantation.
[ "4" ]
In patients with a narrow IAC, assessment of the cochlear nerve is crucial for selecting patients for cochlear implantation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,206
3
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "B9", "B1", "B6", "B4" ]
18,607,120
NA|pmid-9279630|pmid-9051033|pmid-9366704
Patients with aplastic cochlear nerves may not respond to the electric stimulation of the cochlear implantation.
[ "9", "1", "6", "4" ]
112
41,802
0
false
Patients with aplastic cochlear nerves may not respond to the electric stimulation of the cochlear implantation.
[]
Patients with aplastic cochlear nerves may not respond to the electric stimulation of the cochlear implantation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,206
3
DISCUSSION
1
9
[ "B9", "B1", "B6", "B4" ]
18,607,120
NA|pmid-9279630|pmid-9051033|pmid-9366704
These reports emphasized that an HRCT scan alone is not sufficient to rule out the risk of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve and that MR imaging should be performed to look for the defect of neural structures in the IAC of patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
[ "9", "1", "6", "4" ]
283
41,803
0
false
These reports emphasized that an HRCT scan alone is not sufficient to rule out the risk of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve and that MR imaging should be performed to look for the defect of neural structures in the IAC of patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
[]
These reports emphasized that an HRCT scan alone is not sufficient to rule out the risk of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve and that MR imaging should be performed to look for the defect of neural structures in the IAC of patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
true
true
true
true
true
7,206
4
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B5", "B7", "B5" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10912275|pmid-16079980|pmid-10912275
MR imaging has become the modality of choice along with HRCT for the assessment of abnormalities in patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
[ "6", "5", "7", "5" ]
141
41,804
0
false
MR imaging has become the modality of choice along with HRCT for the assessment of abnormalities in patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
[]
MR imaging has become the modality of choice along with HRCT for the assessment of abnormalities in patients with sensorineural hearing loss.
true
true
true
true
true
7,207
4
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B5", "B7", "B5" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10912275|pmid-16079980|pmid-10912275
Especially, the use of high-resolution gradient-echo imaging provides detailed anatomical images of the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves of an IAC and is essential for cochlear implant candidates (6).
[ "6", "5", "7", "5" ]
203
41,805
1
false
Especially, the use of high-resolution gradient-echo imaging provides detailed anatomical images of the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves of an IAC and is essential for cochlear implant candidates.
[ "6" ]
Especially, the use of high-resolution gradient-echo imaging provides detailed anatomical images of the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves of an IAC and is essential for cochlear implant candidates.
true
true
true
true
true
7,207
4
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B5", "B7", "B5" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10912275|pmid-16079980|pmid-10912275
There are several newly developed high-resolution gradient-echo MR imaging sequences which include 3D magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MP-RAGE), 3D balanced fast field echo (B-FFE), 3D Fourier transformation-constructive interference in the steady state (3D FT-CISS), and 3D DRIVE sequences (5, 7).
[ "6", "5", "7", "5" ]
309
41,806
0
false
There are several newly developed high-resolution gradient-echo MR imaging sequences which include 3D magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MP-RAGE), 3D balanced fast field echo (B-FFE), 3D Fourier transformation-constructive interference in the steady state (3D FT-CISS), and 3D DRIVE sequences.
[ "5, 7" ]
There are several newly developed high-resolution gradient-echo MR imaging sequences which include 3D magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo (MP-RAGE), 3D balanced fast field echo (B-FFE), 3D Fourier transformation-constructive interference in the steady state (3D FT-CISS), and 3D DRIVE sequences.
true
true
true
true
true
7,207
4
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B5", "B7", "B5" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10912275|pmid-16079980|pmid-10912275
These sequences are all three-dimensional for data acquisition and submillimetric in spatial resolution, which are optimal to evaluate the neural structures less than 1 mm in diameter, such as the auditory and facial nerves.
[ "6", "5", "7", "5" ]
224
41,807
0
false
These sequences are all three-dimensional for data acquisition and submillimetric in spatial resolution, which are optimal to evaluate the neural structures less than 1 mm in diameter, such as the auditory and facial nerves.
[]
These sequences are all three-dimensional for data acquisition and submillimetric in spatial resolution, which are optimal to evaluate the neural structures less than 1 mm in diameter, such as the auditory and facial nerves.
true
true
true
true
true
7,207
4
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B5", "B7", "B5" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10912275|pmid-16079980|pmid-10912275
In this case, we used a 3D DRIVE sequence with a high field 3-Tesla MRI scanner to obtain detailed images for the neural structures of the IAC.
[ "6", "5", "7", "5" ]
143
41,808
0
false
In this case, we used a 3D DRIVE sequence with a high field 3-Tesla MRI scanner to obtain detailed images for the neural structures of the IAC.
[]
In this case, we used a 3D DRIVE sequence with a high field 3-Tesla MRI scanner to obtain detailed images for the neural structures of the IAC.
true
true
true
true
true
7,207
4
DISCUSSION
1
5
[ "B6", "B5", "B7", "B5" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10912275|pmid-16079980|pmid-10912275
(5) reported a case of narrow IAC syndrome with aplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve and intact facial nerve that were successfully demonstrated by using parasagittal reconstruction MR imaging.
[ "6", "5", "7", "5" ]
195
41,809
1
false
reported a case of narrow IAC syndrome with aplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve and intact facial nerve that were successfully demonstrated by using parasagittal reconstruction MR imaging.
[ "5" ]
reported a case of narrow IAC syndrome with aplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve and intact facial nerve that were successfully demonstrated by using parasagittal reconstruction MR imaging.
false
true
true
true
false
7,207
4
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B5", "B7", "B5" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10912275|pmid-16079980|pmid-10912275
In this case, the IAC was narrow and was composed of two separate canaliculi as seen on HRCT.
[ "6", "5", "7", "5" ]
93
41,810
0
false
In this case, the IAC was narrow and was composed of two separate canaliculi as seen on HRCT.
[]
In this case, the IAC was narrow and was composed of two separate canaliculi as seen on HRCT.
true
true
true
true
true
7,207
4
DISCUSSION
1
6
[ "B6", "B5", "B7", "B5" ]
18,607,120
pmid-9051033|pmid-10912275|pmid-16079980|pmid-10912275
On 3-T MR images using 3D DRIVE and a T2-weighted FSE sequence with axial and parasagittal planes perpendicular to the course of the IAC, there were a relatively larger anterosuperior portion containing the intact facial nerve and a stenotic inferoposterior portion without any neural contents.
[ "6", "5", "7", "5" ]
294
41,811
0
false
On 3-T MR images using 3D DRIVE and a T2-weighted FSE sequence with axial and parasagittal planes perpendicular to the course of the IAC, there were a relatively larger anterosuperior portion containing the intact facial nerve and a stenotic inferoposterior portion without any neural contents.
[]
On 3-T MR images using 3D DRIVE and a T2-weighted FSE sequence with axial and parasagittal planes perpendicular to the course of the IAC, there were a relatively larger anterosuperior portion containing the intact facial nerve and a stenotic inferoposterior portion without any neural contents.
true
true
true
true
true
7,207
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,607,120
null
In conclusion, an isolated narrow IAC with duplication associated with congenital sensorineural hearing loss and normal facial nerve function is extremely rare, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the sixth case reported for this malformation.
null
249
41,812
0
false
null
null
In conclusion, an isolated narrow IAC with duplication associated with congenital sensorineural hearing loss and normal facial nerve function is extremely rare, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the sixth case reported for this malformation.
true
true
true
true
true
7,208
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,607,120
null
An examination of this anomaly should include a past medical history and physical examination, auditometry including auditory brainstem response, a high-resolution CT scan, and high-resolution MR imaging.
null
204
41,813
0
false
null
null
An examination of this anomaly should include a past medical history and physical examination, auditometry including auditory brainstem response, a high-resolution CT scan, and high-resolution MR imaging.
true
true
true
true
true
7,208
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,607,120
null
It is of great importance to make a diagnosis of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve in the IAC for cochlear implant candidates.
null
145
41,814
0
false
null
null
It is of great importance to make a diagnosis of aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve in the IAC for cochlear implant candidates.
true
true
true
true
true
7,208
5
DISCUSSION
0
null
null
18,607,120
null
For this purpose, high-resolution submillimetric gradient-echo MR images, such as 3D-CISS and 3D DRIVE, or T2-weighted FSE sequences should be obtained in the parasagittal plane perpendicular to the course of the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves.
null
249
41,815
0
false
null
null
For this purpose, high-resolution submillimetric gradient-echo MR images, such as 3D-CISS and 3D DRIVE, or T2-weighted FSE sequences should be obtained in the parasagittal plane perpendicular to the course of the vestibulocochlear and facial nerves.
true
true
true
true
true
7,208
0
INTRODUCTION
1
1
[ "B1", "B2", "B3" ]
16,941,739
pmid-11918468|NA|pmid-2502382|pmid-11918468
Infantile spasm is a catastrophic childhood epilepsy syndrome1 that was first described by West in 1841.2 The combination of infantile spasm, a characteristic electroencephalographic pattern and psychomotor retardation in the majority of patients is known as West Syndrome.3
[ "1", "2", "3" ]
274
41,816
0
false
Infantile spasm is a catastrophic childhood epilepsy syndrome1 that was first described by West in 1841.2 The combination of infantile spasm, a characteristic electroencephalographic pattern and psychomotor retardation in the majority of patients is known as West Syndrome.3
[]
Infantile spasm is a catastrophic childhood epilepsy syndrome1 that was first described by West in 1841.2 The combination of infantile spasm, a characteristic electroencephalographic pattern and psychomotor retardation in the majority of patients is known as West Syndrome.3
true
true
false
true
false
7,209
1
INTRODUCTION
1
4
[ "B4", "B5", "B6", "B12" ]
16,941,739
pmid-11701267|pmid-10757471|pmid-2821097|pmid-11999624|NA|pmid-11701267|pmid-11781414|pmid-6312008|pmid-2821097|pmid-3017235|pmid-6244378
For the management of infantile spasm, ACTH/steroid or vigabatrin (VGB) are widely and frequently as the first-line of treatment.4,5 Because the usefulness of these drugs is limited by the occurrence of side effects, scientists are searching for new antiepileptic drugs to treat infantile spasm.6-12
[ "4", "5", "6", "12" ]
299
41,817
0
false
For the management of infantile spasm, ACTH/steroid or vigabatrin (VGB) are widely and frequently as the first-line of treatment.4,5 Because the usefulness of these drugs is limited by the occurrence of side effects, scientists are searching for new antiepileptic drugs to treat infantile spasm.6-12
[]
For the management of infantile spasm, ACTH/steroid or vigabatrin (VGB) are widely and frequently as the first-line of treatment.4,5 Because the usefulness of these drugs is limited by the occurrence of side effects, scientists are searching for new antiepileptic drugs to treat infantile spasm.6-12
true
true
false
true
false
7,210
2
INTRODUCTION
1
13
[ "B13", "B14", "B15", "B16", "B17" ]
16,941,739
pmid-2217531|pmid-8641230|pmid-10227614|pmid-10227615|pmid-10768308|pmid-6275826|pmid-7919570|pmid-3102998|pmid-11981230
Topiramate (TPM) is a drug with multiple mechanisms of action, including the state-dependent inhibition of sodium channels, the potentiation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-induced chloride influx, the blockade of glutamate related excitatory neurotransmission, and the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase.13 TMP has been use...
[ "13", "14", "15", "16", "17" ]
585
41,818
0
false
Topiramate (TPM) is a drug with multiple mechanisms of action, including the state-dependent inhibition of sodium channels, the potentiation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-induced chloride influx, the blockade of glutamate related excitatory neurotransmission, and the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase.13 TMP has been use...
[]
Topiramate (TPM) is a drug with multiple mechanisms of action, including the state-dependent inhibition of sodium channels, the potentiation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-induced chloride influx, the blockade of glutamate related excitatory neurotransmission, and the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase.13 TMP has been use...
true
true
false
true
false
7,211