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PMC1526587_F3_6350.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Hematoxylin/eosin staining of the synovial membrane of patients 1 to 7. Original magnification × 250. Biopsy 3 (b3) of patient 2 was available only for RNA extraction and not for staining. Biopsy 3 of patient 7 was not represented in the stainings or microarray analysis because of poor RNA quality. Biopsies 1 and 4 of patient 1, and biopsy 1 of patient 4, consisted mostly of adipose cells with some element of inflammatory cells. Biopsy 1 of patient 7 had a higher level of heterogeneity, and contained more vessels, than the others. |
PMC1526588_F4_6355.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Immunocytochemical analysis of BAFF expression in salivary epithelilal cells from minor salivary glands. Positive staining for B cell-activating factor (BAFF) 48 hours after stimulation with IFN-α (2,400 U/ml) (c) and with IFN-γ (5 ng/ml) (d) was markedly enhanced compared with baseline (b). (a) Negative control with polyclonal rat immunoglobulin. |
PMC1526588_F4_6358.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Immunocytochemical analysis of BAFF expression in salivary epithelilal cells from minor salivary glands. Positive staining for B cell-activating factor (BAFF) 48 hours after stimulation with IFN-α (2,400 U/ml) (c) and with IFN-γ (5 ng/ml) (d) was markedly enhanced compared with baseline (b). (a) Negative control with polyclonal rat immunoglobulin. |
PMC1526588_F4_6357.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Immunocytochemical analysis of BAFF expression in salivary epithelilal cells from minor salivary glands. Positive staining for B cell-activating factor (BAFF) 48 hours after stimulation with IFN-α (2,400 U/ml) (c) and with IFN-γ (5 ng/ml) (d) was markedly enhanced compared with baseline (b). (a) Negative control with polyclonal rat immunoglobulin. |
PMC1526588_F4_6359.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Immunocytochemical analysis of BAFF expression in salivary epithelilal cells from minor salivary glands. Positive staining for B cell-activating factor (BAFF) 48 hours after stimulation with IFN-α (2,400 U/ml) (c) and with IFN-γ (5 ng/ml) (d) was markedly enhanced compared with baseline (b). (a) Negative control with polyclonal rat immunoglobulin. |
PMC1526588_F4_6353.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Immunocytochemical analysis of BAFF expression in salivary epithelilal cells from minor salivary glands. Positive staining for B cell-activating factor (BAFF) 48 hours after stimulation with IFN-α (2,400 U/ml) (c) and with IFN-γ (5 ng/ml) (d) was markedly enhanced compared with baseline (b). (a) Negative control with polyclonal rat immunoglobulin. |
PMC1526588_F4_6352.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Immunocytochemical analysis of BAFF expression in salivary epithelilal cells from minor salivary glands. Positive staining for B cell-activating factor (BAFF) 48 hours after stimulation with IFN-α (2,400 U/ml) (c) and with IFN-γ (5 ng/ml) (d) was markedly enhanced compared with baseline (b). (a) Negative control with polyclonal rat immunoglobulin. |
PMC1526591_F1_6361.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Signs of destruction on ultrasonography in the fourth proximal interphalangeal joint: early RA. MRI and conventional radiography revealed no signs of destruction in the joint. A bone erosion (arrow) is visualized with ultrasonography in (a) the longitudinal and (b) the transverse planes. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
PMC1526591_F1_6360.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Signs of destruction on ultrasonography in the fourth proximal interphalangeal joint: early RA. MRI and conventional radiography revealed no signs of destruction in the joint. A bone erosion (arrow) is visualized with ultrasonography in (a) the longitudinal and (b) the transverse planes. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
PMC1526591_F2_6366.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Signs of destruction and inflammation on ultrasonography and MRI in second metacarpophalangeal joint: established RA. Thin arrows indicate an erosive change; thick arrows indicate synovitis. Ultrasonography in the (a) longitudinal and (b) the transverse planes shows both signs of destruction (grade 2) and inflammation (grade 3). Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained (c) before and (d) after contrast administration (grade 3 synovitis). Additionally, a coronal T1-weighted magnetic resonance image (e) before contrast administration visualizes the same bone erosion as shown in panels c and d. The coronal magnetic resonance image of the second metacarpophalangeal joint (panel e) is additionally covered by a grid illustrating division of the assessed joints into quadrants: proximal radial, proximal ulnar, distal radial and distal ulnar. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
PMC1526591_F2_6368.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Signs of destruction and inflammation on ultrasonography and MRI in second metacarpophalangeal joint: established RA. Thin arrows indicate an erosive change; thick arrows indicate synovitis. Ultrasonography in the (a) longitudinal and (b) the transverse planes shows both signs of destruction (grade 2) and inflammation (grade 3). Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained (c) before and (d) after contrast administration (grade 3 synovitis). Additionally, a coronal T1-weighted magnetic resonance image (e) before contrast administration visualizes the same bone erosion as shown in panels c and d. The coronal magnetic resonance image of the second metacarpophalangeal joint (panel e) is additionally covered by a grid illustrating division of the assessed joints into quadrants: proximal radial, proximal ulnar, distal radial and distal ulnar. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
PMC1526591_F2_6367.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Signs of destruction and inflammation on ultrasonography and MRI in second metacarpophalangeal joint: established RA. Thin arrows indicate an erosive change; thick arrows indicate synovitis. Ultrasonography in the (a) longitudinal and (b) the transverse planes shows both signs of destruction (grade 2) and inflammation (grade 3). Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained (c) before and (d) after contrast administration (grade 3 synovitis). Additionally, a coronal T1-weighted magnetic resonance image (e) before contrast administration visualizes the same bone erosion as shown in panels c and d. The coronal magnetic resonance image of the second metacarpophalangeal joint (panel e) is additionally covered by a grid illustrating division of the assessed joints into quadrants: proximal radial, proximal ulnar, distal radial and distal ulnar. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
PMC1526591_F2_6365.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Signs of destruction and inflammation on ultrasonography and MRI in second metacarpophalangeal joint: established RA. Thin arrows indicate an erosive change; thick arrows indicate synovitis. Ultrasonography in the (a) longitudinal and (b) the transverse planes shows both signs of destruction (grade 2) and inflammation (grade 3). Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained (c) before and (d) after contrast administration (grade 3 synovitis). Additionally, a coronal T1-weighted magnetic resonance image (e) before contrast administration visualizes the same bone erosion as shown in panels c and d. The coronal magnetic resonance image of the second metacarpophalangeal joint (panel e) is additionally covered by a grid illustrating division of the assessed joints into quadrants: proximal radial, proximal ulnar, distal radial and distal ulnar. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
PMC1526591_F3_6363.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Signs of synovitis on ultrasonography and MRI in fourth proximal interphalangeal joint: early RA. Arrows indicate an area with synovitis. Ultrasonography in (a) the longitudinal plane from the dorsal aspect shows signs of synovitis (grade 4). Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained (b) before and (c) after contrast administration (grade 3 synovitis). MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
PMC1526591_F3_6364.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Signs of synovitis on ultrasonography and MRI in fourth proximal interphalangeal joint: early RA. Arrows indicate an area with synovitis. Ultrasonography in (a) the longitudinal plane from the dorsal aspect shows signs of synovitis (grade 4). Axial T1-weighted magnetic resonance images were obtained (b) before and (c) after contrast administration (grade 3 synovitis). MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; RA, rheumatoid arthritis. |
PMC1526597_F1_6370.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Example of segmented axial MTR map (level indicated at the sagittal image). Visualized are the compartments grey matter (GM), white matter (WM) and grey and white matter (GM + WM). Signal intensities represent MTR values. MTR, magnetization transfer ratio. |
PMC1526597_F1_6372.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Example of segmented axial MTR map (level indicated at the sagittal image). Visualized are the compartments grey matter (GM), white matter (WM) and grey and white matter (GM + WM). Signal intensities represent MTR values. MTR, magnetization transfer ratio. |
PMC1526597_F1_6371.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Example of segmented axial MTR map (level indicated at the sagittal image). Visualized are the compartments grey matter (GM), white matter (WM) and grey and white matter (GM + WM). Signal intensities represent MTR values. MTR, magnetization transfer ratio. |
PMC1526597_F1_6373.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Example of segmented axial MTR map (level indicated at the sagittal image). Visualized are the compartments grey matter (GM), white matter (WM) and grey and white matter (GM + WM). Signal intensities represent MTR values. MTR, magnetization transfer ratio. |
PMC1526602_F1_6375.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Double labelling of CXCL12/HSPGs and CXCL12/MECA-79 of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial tissues. Frozen RA or OA sections were labeled simultaneously with anti-CXCL12 K15C mAb and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- conjugated anti-heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mAb (green fluorescence) or MECA-79 mAb (red fluorescence). In CXCL12/HSPG double-labeled sections, CXCL12 was developed with immunoperoxidase (brown color) and in CXCL12/MECA-79 double-labeled sections with a secondary FITC-labeled antibody. Arrows indicate colocalization of CXCL12 to HSPG-labeled RA vessels. The same section, sequentially photographed under appropriate optics, is shown in parallel left and right panels. Original magnification × 400. |
PMC1526602_F1_6374.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Double labelling of CXCL12/HSPGs and CXCL12/MECA-79 of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial tissues. Frozen RA or OA sections were labeled simultaneously with anti-CXCL12 K15C mAb and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- conjugated anti-heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mAb (green fluorescence) or MECA-79 mAb (red fluorescence). In CXCL12/HSPG double-labeled sections, CXCL12 was developed with immunoperoxidase (brown color) and in CXCL12/MECA-79 double-labeled sections with a secondary FITC-labeled antibody. Arrows indicate colocalization of CXCL12 to HSPG-labeled RA vessels. The same section, sequentially photographed under appropriate optics, is shown in parallel left and right panels. Original magnification × 400. |
PMC1526602_F1_6378.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Double labelling of CXCL12/HSPGs and CXCL12/MECA-79 of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial tissues. Frozen RA or OA sections were labeled simultaneously with anti-CXCL12 K15C mAb and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- conjugated anti-heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mAb (green fluorescence) or MECA-79 mAb (red fluorescence). In CXCL12/HSPG double-labeled sections, CXCL12 was developed with immunoperoxidase (brown color) and in CXCL12/MECA-79 double-labeled sections with a secondary FITC-labeled antibody. Arrows indicate colocalization of CXCL12 to HSPG-labeled RA vessels. The same section, sequentially photographed under appropriate optics, is shown in parallel left and right panels. Original magnification × 400. |
PMC1526602_F1_6376.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Double labelling of CXCL12/HSPGs and CXCL12/MECA-79 of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial tissues. Frozen RA or OA sections were labeled simultaneously with anti-CXCL12 K15C mAb and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- conjugated anti-heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mAb (green fluorescence) or MECA-79 mAb (red fluorescence). In CXCL12/HSPG double-labeled sections, CXCL12 was developed with immunoperoxidase (brown color) and in CXCL12/MECA-79 double-labeled sections with a secondary FITC-labeled antibody. Arrows indicate colocalization of CXCL12 to HSPG-labeled RA vessels. The same section, sequentially photographed under appropriate optics, is shown in parallel left and right panels. Original magnification × 400. |
PMC1526602_F1_6377.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Double labelling of CXCL12/HSPGs and CXCL12/MECA-79 of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovial tissues. Frozen RA or OA sections were labeled simultaneously with anti-CXCL12 K15C mAb and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)- conjugated anti-heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) mAb (green fluorescence) or MECA-79 mAb (red fluorescence). In CXCL12/HSPG double-labeled sections, CXCL12 was developed with immunoperoxidase (brown color) and in CXCL12/MECA-79 double-labeled sections with a secondary FITC-labeled antibody. Arrows indicate colocalization of CXCL12 to HSPG-labeled RA vessels. The same section, sequentially photographed under appropriate optics, is shown in parallel left and right panels. Original magnification × 400. |
PMC1526624_F4_6390.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Immunogold histochemistry for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) of healthy and osteoarthritic (OA) tissue taken from the area adjacent to the main defect. (a) Healthy cartilage tissue with staining for COMP in the pericellular space (arrow) and in the territorial matrix (asterisk). (b) The pericellular space of a type 2 cell of OA tissue taken from the area adjacent to the main defect; note the stronger staining compared with the healthy tissue (arrows). (c) Higher magnification of the interterritorial matrix from healthy cartilage tissue; note the sparse COMP staining on fibers (arrow). Inset shows higher magnification of the interterritorial matrix taken from the area adjacent to the main defect; note the stronger staining for COMP on fibers (arrows). Bars, 0.4 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.2 μm in (c) and inset. |
PMC1526624_F4_6391.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Immunogold histochemistry for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) of healthy and osteoarthritic (OA) tissue taken from the area adjacent to the main defect. (a) Healthy cartilage tissue with staining for COMP in the pericellular space (arrow) and in the territorial matrix (asterisk). (b) The pericellular space of a type 2 cell of OA tissue taken from the area adjacent to the main defect; note the stronger staining compared with the healthy tissue (arrows). (c) Higher magnification of the interterritorial matrix from healthy cartilage tissue; note the sparse COMP staining on fibers (arrow). Inset shows higher magnification of the interterritorial matrix taken from the area adjacent to the main defect; note the stronger staining for COMP on fibers (arrows). Bars, 0.4 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.2 μm in (c) and inset. |
PMC1526624_F4_6389.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Immunogold histochemistry for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) of healthy and osteoarthritic (OA) tissue taken from the area adjacent to the main defect. (a) Healthy cartilage tissue with staining for COMP in the pericellular space (arrow) and in the territorial matrix (asterisk). (b) The pericellular space of a type 2 cell of OA tissue taken from the area adjacent to the main defect; note the stronger staining compared with the healthy tissue (arrows). (c) Higher magnification of the interterritorial matrix from healthy cartilage tissue; note the sparse COMP staining on fibers (arrow). Inset shows higher magnification of the interterritorial matrix taken from the area adjacent to the main defect; note the stronger staining for COMP on fibers (arrows). Bars, 0.4 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.2 μm in (c) and inset. |
PMC1526624_F5_6385.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Ultrastructural in situ hybridization for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) mRNA in samples taken from the area with macroscopically normal appearance of osteoarthritic tissue. (a) A type 2 cell is depicted with staining for COMP mRNA (arrows); inset shows a higher magnification. (b) Staining for COMP mRNA (arrow) in a type 1 cell. (c) Note that the gold particles (arrow) are found only in the cytoplasm adjacent to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Bars, 0.3 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.25 μm in (c) and inset (a). n, nucleus. |
PMC1526624_F5_6388.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Ultrastructural in situ hybridization for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) mRNA in samples taken from the area with macroscopically normal appearance of osteoarthritic tissue. (a) A type 2 cell is depicted with staining for COMP mRNA (arrows); inset shows a higher magnification. (b) Staining for COMP mRNA (arrow) in a type 1 cell. (c) Note that the gold particles (arrow) are found only in the cytoplasm adjacent to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Bars, 0.3 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.25 μm in (c) and inset (a). n, nucleus. |
PMC1526624_F5_6387.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Ultrastructural in situ hybridization for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) mRNA in samples taken from the area with macroscopically normal appearance of osteoarthritic tissue. (a) A type 2 cell is depicted with staining for COMP mRNA (arrows); inset shows a higher magnification. (b) Staining for COMP mRNA (arrow) in a type 1 cell. (c) Note that the gold particles (arrow) are found only in the cytoplasm adjacent to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Bars, 0.3 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.25 μm in (c) and inset (a). n, nucleus. |
PMC1526624_F5_6386.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Ultrastructural in situ hybridization for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) mRNA in samples taken from the area with macroscopically normal appearance of osteoarthritic tissue. (a) A type 2 cell is depicted with staining for COMP mRNA (arrows); inset shows a higher magnification. (b) Staining for COMP mRNA (arrow) in a type 1 cell. (c) Note that the gold particles (arrow) are found only in the cytoplasm adjacent to the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Bars, 0.3 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.25 μm in (c) and inset (a). n, nucleus. |
PMC1526624_F6_6380.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | Ultrastructural in situ hybridization for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) mRNA of the area adjacent to the main defect of osteoarthritic tissue. (a) Strong staining for COMP mRNA (arrows) is seen in a type 2 cell; inset shows a higher magnification. (b) Strong staining for COMP mRNA (arrows) is seen in a type 1 cell. (c) Note that the gold particles (arrows) are found only in the cytoplasm at the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Bars, 0.3 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.25 μm in (c) and inset (a). n, nucleus. |
PMC1526624_F6_6382.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Ultrastructural in situ hybridization for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) mRNA of the area adjacent to the main defect of osteoarthritic tissue. (a) Strong staining for COMP mRNA (arrows) is seen in a type 2 cell; inset shows a higher magnification. (b) Strong staining for COMP mRNA (arrows) is seen in a type 1 cell. (c) Note that the gold particles (arrows) are found only in the cytoplasm at the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Bars, 0.3 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.25 μm in (c) and inset (a). n, nucleus. |
PMC1526624_F6_6381.jpg | What is being portrayed in this visual content? | Ultrastructural in situ hybridization for cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP) mRNA of the area adjacent to the main defect of osteoarthritic tissue. (a) Strong staining for COMP mRNA (arrows) is seen in a type 2 cell; inset shows a higher magnification. (b) Strong staining for COMP mRNA (arrows) is seen in a type 1 cell. (c) Note that the gold particles (arrows) are found only in the cytoplasm at the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Bars, 0.3 μm in (a) and (b) and 0.25 μm in (c) and inset (a). n, nucleus. |
PMC1526719_F2_6393.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Anatomical details of the rhinophore. Neuroanatomy and histology of the rhinophore. A: Cross sections labelled with serotonin-immunoreactivity (green) and propidium iodide (red). Nuclear labelling shows the layers of cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium (SE) around the groove. Glomeruli (GL) are situated beneath the sensory epithelium. Scale bar = 500 μm. B, C, G: Histological cross sections of the rhinophore at different planes along the longitudinal axis (stained with Mallory's stain). The rhinophore ganglion (RG) is folded and located in the middle of the rhinophore. Scale bar = 500 μm. G: Higher magnification of the rhinophore ganglion shown in B. Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E, F,: Serotonin-immunoreactivity is labelled green and cell nuclei are labelled red in D and E, whereas in F phalloidin is labelled in red. The immunoreactivity is showing serotonergic innervation of the rhinophore ganglion (D, F) and the sensory epithelium (E). Cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium labelled with propidium iodide (D, E). F: Light labelling with phalloidin in the rhinophore ganglion. Scale bars for D, E, F, G = 100 μm. H: Injection of DiA (green) in the rhinophore ganglion revealed the connection from the rhinophore ganglion to a glomerulus. The big amount of DiA crystals are fluorescing yellow and indicate thereby the injection location. Labelling with Propidium iodide (red) shows the layers of cell nuclei in the epithelium. I: Histological section (Mallory stain). Individual glomerulus situated beneath the sensory epithelium and surrounded by a glial-like cell layer (arrow). |
PMC1526719_F2_6392.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Anatomical details of the rhinophore. Neuroanatomy and histology of the rhinophore. A: Cross sections labelled with serotonin-immunoreactivity (green) and propidium iodide (red). Nuclear labelling shows the layers of cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium (SE) around the groove. Glomeruli (GL) are situated beneath the sensory epithelium. Scale bar = 500 μm. B, C, G: Histological cross sections of the rhinophore at different planes along the longitudinal axis (stained with Mallory's stain). The rhinophore ganglion (RG) is folded and located in the middle of the rhinophore. Scale bar = 500 μm. G: Higher magnification of the rhinophore ganglion shown in B. Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E, F,: Serotonin-immunoreactivity is labelled green and cell nuclei are labelled red in D and E, whereas in F phalloidin is labelled in red. The immunoreactivity is showing serotonergic innervation of the rhinophore ganglion (D, F) and the sensory epithelium (E). Cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium labelled with propidium iodide (D, E). F: Light labelling with phalloidin in the rhinophore ganglion. Scale bars for D, E, F, G = 100 μm. H: Injection of DiA (green) in the rhinophore ganglion revealed the connection from the rhinophore ganglion to a glomerulus. The big amount of DiA crystals are fluorescing yellow and indicate thereby the injection location. Labelling with Propidium iodide (red) shows the layers of cell nuclei in the epithelium. I: Histological section (Mallory stain). Individual glomerulus situated beneath the sensory epithelium and surrounded by a glial-like cell layer (arrow). |
PMC1526719_F2_6399.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Anatomical details of the rhinophore. Neuroanatomy and histology of the rhinophore. A: Cross sections labelled with serotonin-immunoreactivity (green) and propidium iodide (red). Nuclear labelling shows the layers of cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium (SE) around the groove. Glomeruli (GL) are situated beneath the sensory epithelium. Scale bar = 500 μm. B, C, G: Histological cross sections of the rhinophore at different planes along the longitudinal axis (stained with Mallory's stain). The rhinophore ganglion (RG) is folded and located in the middle of the rhinophore. Scale bar = 500 μm. G: Higher magnification of the rhinophore ganglion shown in B. Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E, F,: Serotonin-immunoreactivity is labelled green and cell nuclei are labelled red in D and E, whereas in F phalloidin is labelled in red. The immunoreactivity is showing serotonergic innervation of the rhinophore ganglion (D, F) and the sensory epithelium (E). Cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium labelled with propidium iodide (D, E). F: Light labelling with phalloidin in the rhinophore ganglion. Scale bars for D, E, F, G = 100 μm. H: Injection of DiA (green) in the rhinophore ganglion revealed the connection from the rhinophore ganglion to a glomerulus. The big amount of DiA crystals are fluorescing yellow and indicate thereby the injection location. Labelling with Propidium iodide (red) shows the layers of cell nuclei in the epithelium. I: Histological section (Mallory stain). Individual glomerulus situated beneath the sensory epithelium and surrounded by a glial-like cell layer (arrow). |
PMC1526719_F2_6398.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Anatomical details of the rhinophore. Neuroanatomy and histology of the rhinophore. A: Cross sections labelled with serotonin-immunoreactivity (green) and propidium iodide (red). Nuclear labelling shows the layers of cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium (SE) around the groove. Glomeruli (GL) are situated beneath the sensory epithelium. Scale bar = 500 μm. B, C, G: Histological cross sections of the rhinophore at different planes along the longitudinal axis (stained with Mallory's stain). The rhinophore ganglion (RG) is folded and located in the middle of the rhinophore. Scale bar = 500 μm. G: Higher magnification of the rhinophore ganglion shown in B. Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E, F,: Serotonin-immunoreactivity is labelled green and cell nuclei are labelled red in D and E, whereas in F phalloidin is labelled in red. The immunoreactivity is showing serotonergic innervation of the rhinophore ganglion (D, F) and the sensory epithelium (E). Cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium labelled with propidium iodide (D, E). F: Light labelling with phalloidin in the rhinophore ganglion. Scale bars for D, E, F, G = 100 μm. H: Injection of DiA (green) in the rhinophore ganglion revealed the connection from the rhinophore ganglion to a glomerulus. The big amount of DiA crystals are fluorescing yellow and indicate thereby the injection location. Labelling with Propidium iodide (red) shows the layers of cell nuclei in the epithelium. I: Histological section (Mallory stain). Individual glomerulus situated beneath the sensory epithelium and surrounded by a glial-like cell layer (arrow). |
PMC1526719_F2_6396.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Anatomical details of the rhinophore. Neuroanatomy and histology of the rhinophore. A: Cross sections labelled with serotonin-immunoreactivity (green) and propidium iodide (red). Nuclear labelling shows the layers of cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium (SE) around the groove. Glomeruli (GL) are situated beneath the sensory epithelium. Scale bar = 500 μm. B, C, G: Histological cross sections of the rhinophore at different planes along the longitudinal axis (stained with Mallory's stain). The rhinophore ganglion (RG) is folded and located in the middle of the rhinophore. Scale bar = 500 μm. G: Higher magnification of the rhinophore ganglion shown in B. Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E, F,: Serotonin-immunoreactivity is labelled green and cell nuclei are labelled red in D and E, whereas in F phalloidin is labelled in red. The immunoreactivity is showing serotonergic innervation of the rhinophore ganglion (D, F) and the sensory epithelium (E). Cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium labelled with propidium iodide (D, E). F: Light labelling with phalloidin in the rhinophore ganglion. Scale bars for D, E, F, G = 100 μm. H: Injection of DiA (green) in the rhinophore ganglion revealed the connection from the rhinophore ganglion to a glomerulus. The big amount of DiA crystals are fluorescing yellow and indicate thereby the injection location. Labelling with Propidium iodide (red) shows the layers of cell nuclei in the epithelium. I: Histological section (Mallory stain). Individual glomerulus situated beneath the sensory epithelium and surrounded by a glial-like cell layer (arrow). |
PMC1526719_F2_6394.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Anatomical details of the rhinophore. Neuroanatomy and histology of the rhinophore. A: Cross sections labelled with serotonin-immunoreactivity (green) and propidium iodide (red). Nuclear labelling shows the layers of cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium (SE) around the groove. Glomeruli (GL) are situated beneath the sensory epithelium. Scale bar = 500 μm. B, C, G: Histological cross sections of the rhinophore at different planes along the longitudinal axis (stained with Mallory's stain). The rhinophore ganglion (RG) is folded and located in the middle of the rhinophore. Scale bar = 500 μm. G: Higher magnification of the rhinophore ganglion shown in B. Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E, F,: Serotonin-immunoreactivity is labelled green and cell nuclei are labelled red in D and E, whereas in F phalloidin is labelled in red. The immunoreactivity is showing serotonergic innervation of the rhinophore ganglion (D, F) and the sensory epithelium (E). Cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium labelled with propidium iodide (D, E). F: Light labelling with phalloidin in the rhinophore ganglion. Scale bars for D, E, F, G = 100 μm. H: Injection of DiA (green) in the rhinophore ganglion revealed the connection from the rhinophore ganglion to a glomerulus. The big amount of DiA crystals are fluorescing yellow and indicate thereby the injection location. Labelling with Propidium iodide (red) shows the layers of cell nuclei in the epithelium. I: Histological section (Mallory stain). Individual glomerulus situated beneath the sensory epithelium and surrounded by a glial-like cell layer (arrow). |
PMC1526719_F2_6397.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Anatomical details of the rhinophore. Neuroanatomy and histology of the rhinophore. A: Cross sections labelled with serotonin-immunoreactivity (green) and propidium iodide (red). Nuclear labelling shows the layers of cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium (SE) around the groove. Glomeruli (GL) are situated beneath the sensory epithelium. Scale bar = 500 μm. B, C, G: Histological cross sections of the rhinophore at different planes along the longitudinal axis (stained with Mallory's stain). The rhinophore ganglion (RG) is folded and located in the middle of the rhinophore. Scale bar = 500 μm. G: Higher magnification of the rhinophore ganglion shown in B. Scale bar = 100 μm. D, E, F,: Serotonin-immunoreactivity is labelled green and cell nuclei are labelled red in D and E, whereas in F phalloidin is labelled in red. The immunoreactivity is showing serotonergic innervation of the rhinophore ganglion (D, F) and the sensory epithelium (E). Cell nuclei in the sensory epithelium labelled with propidium iodide (D, E). F: Light labelling with phalloidin in the rhinophore ganglion. Scale bars for D, E, F, G = 100 μm. H: Injection of DiA (green) in the rhinophore ganglion revealed the connection from the rhinophore ganglion to a glomerulus. The big amount of DiA crystals are fluorescing yellow and indicate thereby the injection location. Labelling with Propidium iodide (red) shows the layers of cell nuclei in the epithelium. I: Histological section (Mallory stain). Individual glomerulus situated beneath the sensory epithelium and surrounded by a glial-like cell layer (arrow). |
PMC1526733_F2_6403.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | 18FDG- PET scanning showed an isolated hypermetabolic state in the spleen (white arrow) (A). PET-CT fusion scanning confirmed that this pathological FDG uptake (red arrow) superimposed with the hypodense mass in the spleen (yellow arrow) (B). |
PMC1526733_F2_6402.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | 18FDG- PET scanning showed an isolated hypermetabolic state in the spleen (white arrow) (A). PET-CT fusion scanning confirmed that this pathological FDG uptake (red arrow) superimposed with the hypodense mass in the spleen (yellow arrow) (B). |
PMC1526734_F1_6405.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Roentgenographs show an expansive lesion with punctate calcification in the right pelvic bone (left). MRI shows a lobulated lesion, protuberant to the pelvic cavity, in the pelvic bone with high-intensity on T2-weighted image (right). |
PMC1526742_F1_6407.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | 100× magnification of the breast mass showing islands of cells with a characteristic cribriform pattern with a fibrous desmoplastic background. H & E stain. |
PMC1526742_F2_6408.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | 400× magnification view showing the cribriform architecture with some lumen containing bluish material. Also seen are the characteristic balls of eosinophilic material. H & E stain. |
PMC1526752_F2_6410.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Magnified picture showing signs of acute angle closure: patches of iris atrophy. (Top left), dilated iris vessels (Top right), and glaucomflecken (Top right and Bottom left). (Bottom right) Completely closed angles on gonioscopy |
PMC1526752_F2_6411.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Magnified picture showing signs of acute angle closure: patches of iris atrophy. (Top left), dilated iris vessels (Top right), and glaucomflecken (Top right and Bottom left). (Bottom right) Completely closed angles on gonioscopy |
PMC1526752_F2_6409.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Magnified picture showing signs of acute angle closure: patches of iris atrophy. (Top left), dilated iris vessels (Top right), and glaucomflecken (Top right and Bottom left). (Bottom right) Completely closed angles on gonioscopy |
PMC1526754_F5_6414.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Interactions between Nef and AIP1 are required for the proliferation of MVBs. HeLa.CIITA cells were transfected with plasmids, which directed the expression of GFP, Nef.GFP, or mutant NefYPL.GFP chimeras (top panels). GFP-positive cells were isolated by FACS and fixed before ultra-thin sectioning was performed. MVBs were identified by their unique morphology (bottom left panel) under the electron microscope (indicated by arrows). Numbers of MVBs of each cell type were counted directly under the electron microscope from 30 profiles randomly taken from each sample. Bar graphs contain: White bars, GFP control; black bars, Nef; striped bars, mutant Nef.YPL protein.The black bar inside the EM panels measures 1 μm. |
PMC1526754_F5_6415.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Interactions between Nef and AIP1 are required for the proliferation of MVBs. HeLa.CIITA cells were transfected with plasmids, which directed the expression of GFP, Nef.GFP, or mutant NefYPL.GFP chimeras (top panels). GFP-positive cells were isolated by FACS and fixed before ultra-thin sectioning was performed. MVBs were identified by their unique morphology (bottom left panel) under the electron microscope (indicated by arrows). Numbers of MVBs of each cell type were counted directly under the electron microscope from 30 profiles randomly taken from each sample. Bar graphs contain: White bars, GFP control; black bars, Nef; striped bars, mutant Nef.YPL protein.The black bar inside the EM panels measures 1 μm. |
PMC1526757_F5_6424.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Innervation of the ovary by a single type of aminergic fibre. A. Merged confocal images from a Wee-P26 fly of nerves immunostained with anti-HRP (magenta) and of muscle expressing MHC-GFP (green) show that the nerves run along the muscle fibres of the peritoneal sheath with varicosities at irregular intervals and at their ends. The thinner muscle fibres running vertically are part of the epithelial sheath around an ovariole. B. A similar image showing a single neural varicosity at higher magnification. C. Merged confocal images showing nerves (magenta) immunostained as above in a fly expressing CD8-GFP-Shaker (green). The absence of detectable green fluorescence indicates a lack of Type I neuromuscular junctions. D. Individual and merged confocal images showing that the expression of dTdc2-GAL4 as reported by UAS-n-syb-spH (green) co-localising (white) with nerve fibres immunostained as above (magenta). E. Individual and merged confocal images of a specimen double-labelled with anti-HRP (magenta) and an antibody to the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter (DVMAT, green), shows that the DVMAT staining is co-incident with neural varicosities and nerve endings with occasional smaller hot-spots along the length of the nerves. No DVMAT signal was detected in the muscle fibres. Scalebars: All 20 μm. |
PMC1526757_F5_6419.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Innervation of the ovary by a single type of aminergic fibre. A. Merged confocal images from a Wee-P26 fly of nerves immunostained with anti-HRP (magenta) and of muscle expressing MHC-GFP (green) show that the nerves run along the muscle fibres of the peritoneal sheath with varicosities at irregular intervals and at their ends. The thinner muscle fibres running vertically are part of the epithelial sheath around an ovariole. B. A similar image showing a single neural varicosity at higher magnification. C. Merged confocal images showing nerves (magenta) immunostained as above in a fly expressing CD8-GFP-Shaker (green). The absence of detectable green fluorescence indicates a lack of Type I neuromuscular junctions. D. Individual and merged confocal images showing that the expression of dTdc2-GAL4 as reported by UAS-n-syb-spH (green) co-localising (white) with nerve fibres immunostained as above (magenta). E. Individual and merged confocal images of a specimen double-labelled with anti-HRP (magenta) and an antibody to the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter (DVMAT, green), shows that the DVMAT staining is co-incident with neural varicosities and nerve endings with occasional smaller hot-spots along the length of the nerves. No DVMAT signal was detected in the muscle fibres. Scalebars: All 20 μm. |
PMC1526757_F5_6422.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Innervation of the ovary by a single type of aminergic fibre. A. Merged confocal images from a Wee-P26 fly of nerves immunostained with anti-HRP (magenta) and of muscle expressing MHC-GFP (green) show that the nerves run along the muscle fibres of the peritoneal sheath with varicosities at irregular intervals and at their ends. The thinner muscle fibres running vertically are part of the epithelial sheath around an ovariole. B. A similar image showing a single neural varicosity at higher magnification. C. Merged confocal images showing nerves (magenta) immunostained as above in a fly expressing CD8-GFP-Shaker (green). The absence of detectable green fluorescence indicates a lack of Type I neuromuscular junctions. D. Individual and merged confocal images showing that the expression of dTdc2-GAL4 as reported by UAS-n-syb-spH (green) co-localising (white) with nerve fibres immunostained as above (magenta). E. Individual and merged confocal images of a specimen double-labelled with anti-HRP (magenta) and an antibody to the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter (DVMAT, green), shows that the DVMAT staining is co-incident with neural varicosities and nerve endings with occasional smaller hot-spots along the length of the nerves. No DVMAT signal was detected in the muscle fibres. Scalebars: All 20 μm. |
PMC1526757_F5_6420.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Innervation of the ovary by a single type of aminergic fibre. A. Merged confocal images from a Wee-P26 fly of nerves immunostained with anti-HRP (magenta) and of muscle expressing MHC-GFP (green) show that the nerves run along the muscle fibres of the peritoneal sheath with varicosities at irregular intervals and at their ends. The thinner muscle fibres running vertically are part of the epithelial sheath around an ovariole. B. A similar image showing a single neural varicosity at higher magnification. C. Merged confocal images showing nerves (magenta) immunostained as above in a fly expressing CD8-GFP-Shaker (green). The absence of detectable green fluorescence indicates a lack of Type I neuromuscular junctions. D. Individual and merged confocal images showing that the expression of dTdc2-GAL4 as reported by UAS-n-syb-spH (green) co-localising (white) with nerve fibres immunostained as above (magenta). E. Individual and merged confocal images of a specimen double-labelled with anti-HRP (magenta) and an antibody to the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter (DVMAT, green), shows that the DVMAT staining is co-incident with neural varicosities and nerve endings with occasional smaller hot-spots along the length of the nerves. No DVMAT signal was detected in the muscle fibres. Scalebars: All 20 μm. |
PMC1526757_F5_6418.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Innervation of the ovary by a single type of aminergic fibre. A. Merged confocal images from a Wee-P26 fly of nerves immunostained with anti-HRP (magenta) and of muscle expressing MHC-GFP (green) show that the nerves run along the muscle fibres of the peritoneal sheath with varicosities at irregular intervals and at their ends. The thinner muscle fibres running vertically are part of the epithelial sheath around an ovariole. B. A similar image showing a single neural varicosity at higher magnification. C. Merged confocal images showing nerves (magenta) immunostained as above in a fly expressing CD8-GFP-Shaker (green). The absence of detectable green fluorescence indicates a lack of Type I neuromuscular junctions. D. Individual and merged confocal images showing that the expression of dTdc2-GAL4 as reported by UAS-n-syb-spH (green) co-localising (white) with nerve fibres immunostained as above (magenta). E. Individual and merged confocal images of a specimen double-labelled with anti-HRP (magenta) and an antibody to the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter (DVMAT, green), shows that the DVMAT staining is co-incident with neural varicosities and nerve endings with occasional smaller hot-spots along the length of the nerves. No DVMAT signal was detected in the muscle fibres. Scalebars: All 20 μm. |
PMC1526757_F5_6417.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Innervation of the ovary by a single type of aminergic fibre. A. Merged confocal images from a Wee-P26 fly of nerves immunostained with anti-HRP (magenta) and of muscle expressing MHC-GFP (green) show that the nerves run along the muscle fibres of the peritoneal sheath with varicosities at irregular intervals and at their ends. The thinner muscle fibres running vertically are part of the epithelial sheath around an ovariole. B. A similar image showing a single neural varicosity at higher magnification. C. Merged confocal images showing nerves (magenta) immunostained as above in a fly expressing CD8-GFP-Shaker (green). The absence of detectable green fluorescence indicates a lack of Type I neuromuscular junctions. D. Individual and merged confocal images showing that the expression of dTdc2-GAL4 as reported by UAS-n-syb-spH (green) co-localising (white) with nerve fibres immunostained as above (magenta). E. Individual and merged confocal images of a specimen double-labelled with anti-HRP (magenta) and an antibody to the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter (DVMAT, green), shows that the DVMAT staining is co-incident with neural varicosities and nerve endings with occasional smaller hot-spots along the length of the nerves. No DVMAT signal was detected in the muscle fibres. Scalebars: All 20 μm. |
PMC1526757_F5_6425.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Innervation of the ovary by a single type of aminergic fibre. A. Merged confocal images from a Wee-P26 fly of nerves immunostained with anti-HRP (magenta) and of muscle expressing MHC-GFP (green) show that the nerves run along the muscle fibres of the peritoneal sheath with varicosities at irregular intervals and at their ends. The thinner muscle fibres running vertically are part of the epithelial sheath around an ovariole. B. A similar image showing a single neural varicosity at higher magnification. C. Merged confocal images showing nerves (magenta) immunostained as above in a fly expressing CD8-GFP-Shaker (green). The absence of detectable green fluorescence indicates a lack of Type I neuromuscular junctions. D. Individual and merged confocal images showing that the expression of dTdc2-GAL4 as reported by UAS-n-syb-spH (green) co-localising (white) with nerve fibres immunostained as above (magenta). E. Individual and merged confocal images of a specimen double-labelled with anti-HRP (magenta) and an antibody to the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter (DVMAT, green), shows that the DVMAT staining is co-incident with neural varicosities and nerve endings with occasional smaller hot-spots along the length of the nerves. No DVMAT signal was detected in the muscle fibres. Scalebars: All 20 μm. |
PMC1526757_F5_6423.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Innervation of the ovary by a single type of aminergic fibre. A. Merged confocal images from a Wee-P26 fly of nerves immunostained with anti-HRP (magenta) and of muscle expressing MHC-GFP (green) show that the nerves run along the muscle fibres of the peritoneal sheath with varicosities at irregular intervals and at their ends. The thinner muscle fibres running vertically are part of the epithelial sheath around an ovariole. B. A similar image showing a single neural varicosity at higher magnification. C. Merged confocal images showing nerves (magenta) immunostained as above in a fly expressing CD8-GFP-Shaker (green). The absence of detectable green fluorescence indicates a lack of Type I neuromuscular junctions. D. Individual and merged confocal images showing that the expression of dTdc2-GAL4 as reported by UAS-n-syb-spH (green) co-localising (white) with nerve fibres immunostained as above (magenta). E. Individual and merged confocal images of a specimen double-labelled with anti-HRP (magenta) and an antibody to the Drosophila vesicular monoamine transporter (DVMAT, green), shows that the DVMAT staining is co-incident with neural varicosities and nerve endings with occasional smaller hot-spots along the length of the nerves. No DVMAT signal was detected in the muscle fibres. Scalebars: All 20 μm. |
PMC1533804_F3_6427.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Photograph of right and left kidneys from A) a piglet from Group A that received only supportive care, exhibiting hemorrhages in the renal parenchyma; and B) an animal from Group D that received supportive care, R-TPA and AT. No hemorrhagic changes were seen. |
PMC1533804_F3_6426.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Photograph of right and left kidneys from A) a piglet from Group A that received only supportive care, exhibiting hemorrhages in the renal parenchyma; and B) an animal from Group D that received supportive care, R-TPA and AT. No hemorrhagic changes were seen. |
PMC1533814_F6_6430.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Yolk sac blood vessels of 9.5 dpc cubilin mutants fail to undergo remodeling. Anti-PECAM-1-labeled vasculature in a 9.5 dpc homozygous embryo (A), a 9.5 dpc wild-type (WT) embryo (littermate to that shown in A) (B), 8.5 dpc wild-type embryo (C) and 11.5 dpc homozygous embryo (D). The inset panel in B shows a higher magnification view of the remodeled yolk sac vasculature in the boxed region of the 9.5 dpc wild-type yolk sac. YS, yolk sac; A, allantois; NF, neural folds; H, heart. Bars in A and B = 500 μm. Bars in C and D = 200 μm. |
PMC1533814_F6_6429.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Yolk sac blood vessels of 9.5 dpc cubilin mutants fail to undergo remodeling. Anti-PECAM-1-labeled vasculature in a 9.5 dpc homozygous embryo (A), a 9.5 dpc wild-type (WT) embryo (littermate to that shown in A) (B), 8.5 dpc wild-type embryo (C) and 11.5 dpc homozygous embryo (D). The inset panel in B shows a higher magnification view of the remodeled yolk sac vasculature in the boxed region of the 9.5 dpc wild-type yolk sac. YS, yolk sac; A, allantois; NF, neural folds; H, heart. Bars in A and B = 500 μm. Bars in C and D = 200 μm. |
PMC1533814_F6_6432.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Yolk sac blood vessels of 9.5 dpc cubilin mutants fail to undergo remodeling. Anti-PECAM-1-labeled vasculature in a 9.5 dpc homozygous embryo (A), a 9.5 dpc wild-type (WT) embryo (littermate to that shown in A) (B), 8.5 dpc wild-type embryo (C) and 11.5 dpc homozygous embryo (D). The inset panel in B shows a higher magnification view of the remodeled yolk sac vasculature in the boxed region of the 9.5 dpc wild-type yolk sac. YS, yolk sac; A, allantois; NF, neural folds; H, heart. Bars in A and B = 500 μm. Bars in C and D = 200 μm. |
PMC1533828_F7_6434.jpg | What is the dominant medical problem in this image? | Original isochrones (spacing 1 ms) of the epicardial activation of the hearts surface in an untreated failing heart (upper) and a BMSC-treated (lower) failing heart (Y-electrode row 1 is caudal, while Y-electrode 8 is cranial; X-electrode location is indicated in the plot as right, front, left or back wall of the ventricles). Cumulative data for all hearts of this series are given in table 2. |
PMC1533842_F4_6436.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | Identification of infected cells within the trigeminal ganglia. Two days after intracutaneous/intranasal inoculation of PrV-614/PrV-Cam both, red and green fluorescence could be detected in cryosections of the right trigeminal ganglion but never was colocalized. Bars in A and B: 50 μm |
PMC1533858_F4_6439.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Ex vivo bioluminescence imaging of HIV-1 infected placental chorionic villi stimulated or not with TNF-α. Placental chorionic villi were placed in contact with pseudotyped HIV-1 overnight. After the addition of luciferine for 4 h at 37°C, the tissues were analysed with the Xenogen system. Infection of chorionic villi with 2 ng of p24/fragment of VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 in the absence (well 1) or presence of 5 ng/ml of TNF-α (well 3). Infection of chorionic villi with 20 ng of p24/fragment of delta-Env pseudotyped HIV-1 in the absence (well 2) or presence of 5 ng/ml of TNF-α (well 4). |
PMC1533865_F1_6441.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Ultrasound images used for the determination of carotid anatomy in a subject with MetS. The panel on the left shows an image of the right carotid artery used to determine intima media thickness (IMT), with the arrows at the far carotid wall showing where IMT was determined. The panel on the right shows an image used to determine total plaque volume (TPV), with the encircled coloured region defining one of the plaques identified. |
PMC1533865_F1_6442.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Ultrasound images used for the determination of carotid anatomy in a subject with MetS. The panel on the left shows an image of the right carotid artery used to determine intima media thickness (IMT), with the arrows at the far carotid wall showing where IMT was determined. The panel on the right shows an image used to determine total plaque volume (TPV), with the encircled coloured region defining one of the plaques identified. |
PMC1534046_F1_6443.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Lateral soft tissue radiographs at presentation. |
PMC1534046_F1_6444.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Lateral soft tissue radiographs at presentation. |
PMC1534046_F2_6445.jpg | What is shown in this image? | A: T1-weighted image: slight joint effusion. A mass located in the anterior portion of the space joint is evident. A pedicle is seen, but there was no continuity with the tibial plateau. The mass seems to contain some chondral components. B: T2-weighted image at the level of the tibial plateau shows intralesional bone formation (hypointense areas). |
PMC1534046_F2_6446.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | A: T1-weighted image: slight joint effusion. A mass located in the anterior portion of the space joint is evident. A pedicle is seen, but there was no continuity with the tibial plateau. The mass seems to contain some chondral components. B: T2-weighted image at the level of the tibial plateau shows intralesional bone formation (hypointense areas). |
PMC1534051_F2_6447.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Transmission Electron microscopic evidence of neuronal apoptosis in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. The rabbit spinal cords were fixed by transcardial perfusion and removed at 48 h reperfusion, or operation for sham control and processed as described in Experimental Procedures. A, sham control (magnification × 10000); B-C, I/R control (magnification × 20000). I/R induced neuronal apoptosis, as demonstrated by specific morphological features. No apoptotic neurons were found in sham group sections. N, nucleus; nc, nucleolus; C, cytoplasm; M, mitochondria. Figures are representative of 3 separate experiments with similar results. |
PMC1534051_F2_6448.jpg | What is the main focus of this visual representation? | Transmission Electron microscopic evidence of neuronal apoptosis in the ventral horn of the spinal cord. The rabbit spinal cords were fixed by transcardial perfusion and removed at 48 h reperfusion, or operation for sham control and processed as described in Experimental Procedures. A, sham control (magnification × 10000); B-C, I/R control (magnification × 20000). I/R induced neuronal apoptosis, as demonstrated by specific morphological features. No apoptotic neurons were found in sham group sections. N, nucleus; nc, nucleolus; C, cytoplasm; M, mitochondria. Figures are representative of 3 separate experiments with similar results. |
PMC1534051_F6_6451.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Effects of TMP on Bax expression in spinal cord at the 48th hour reperfusion. Immunohistochemical photomicrographs (magnification × 400) of anterior horn tissue stained for Bax protein in sham group (A), control group (B) and TMP group (C). Immunostaining was performed using a specific anti- Bax antibody and developed with stable DAB. The positive staining of Bax is presented by a brown color of cytoplasm. Figures are representative of 3 separate experiments with similar results. |
PMC1534051_F6_6450.jpg | What is the central feature of this picture? | Effects of TMP on Bax expression in spinal cord at the 48th hour reperfusion. Immunohistochemical photomicrographs (magnification × 400) of anterior horn tissue stained for Bax protein in sham group (A), control group (B) and TMP group (C). Immunostaining was performed using a specific anti- Bax antibody and developed with stable DAB. The positive staining of Bax is presented by a brown color of cytoplasm. Figures are representative of 3 separate experiments with similar results. |
PMC1534051_F6_6452.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Effects of TMP on Bax expression in spinal cord at the 48th hour reperfusion. Immunohistochemical photomicrographs (magnification × 400) of anterior horn tissue stained for Bax protein in sham group (A), control group (B) and TMP group (C). Immunostaining was performed using a specific anti- Bax antibody and developed with stable DAB. The positive staining of Bax is presented by a brown color of cytoplasm. Figures are representative of 3 separate experiments with similar results. |
PMC1538592_F1_6453.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Electron microscopy images of phage PV22 adsorption to Campylobacter jejuni. Arrows indicate long flexible tail fibrils the phage utilizes for attachment to C. jejuni flagellum; magnification × 200,000. |
PMC1538592_F2_6461.jpg | What's the most prominent thing you notice in this picture? | Electron microscopic illustration of phage PV22 interacting with a Campylobacter jejuni L4 cell. Phages initially adsorb on the flagellum surface (A) and move toward the cell surface (B) where they accumulate at flagellum origin (C). Magnification is × 50,000. |
PMC1538592_F2_6460.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Electron microscopic illustration of phage PV22 interacting with a Campylobacter jejuni L4 cell. Phages initially adsorb on the flagellum surface (A) and move toward the cell surface (B) where they accumulate at flagellum origin (C). Magnification is × 50,000. |
PMC1538593_F1_6455.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | LAM5γ2 and HSP27 expression in FF of UIP biopsies. Expression of LAM5γ2 (a, b, and c) and HSP27 (d, and e) in different cases of IPF/UIP. The immunoreactivity is similar for the two molecules, mainly restricted to basal cell sheets located between luminal bronchiolar cells and myofibroblast clusters of fibroblast foci (sandwich-FF). |
PMC1538593_F3_6463.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Characterisation of "sandwich-FF" by double-marker immunostaining in UIP biopsies. In (a) nuclear immunoreactivity of ΔN-p63 (brown-black), a well established marker of bronchiolar basal cells, clearly defines the nature of the cells expressing LAM5γ2 (cytoplasmic red immunoreactivity). In (b), another sandwich lesion immunostained by the double marker technique and showing strong expression of tenascin in the cluster of myofibroblasts is seen (red). The cluster of basal cells located between tenascin+ myofibroblasts and negative luminal bronchiolar cells strongly expresses LAM5γ2 (arrow). |
PMC1538593_F3_6462.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Characterisation of "sandwich-FF" by double-marker immunostaining in UIP biopsies. In (a) nuclear immunoreactivity of ΔN-p63 (brown-black), a well established marker of bronchiolar basal cells, clearly defines the nature of the cells expressing LAM5γ2 (cytoplasmic red immunoreactivity). In (b), another sandwich lesion immunostained by the double marker technique and showing strong expression of tenascin in the cluster of myofibroblasts is seen (red). The cluster of basal cells located between tenascin+ myofibroblasts and negative luminal bronchiolar cells strongly expresses LAM5γ2 (arrow). |
PMC1538603_F4_6465.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | Thorax Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showing tumor invading anteriorly the skin and posteriorly ribs and pleura. |
PMC1538603_F4_6464.jpg | What is the focal point of this photograph? | Thorax Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showing tumor invading anteriorly the skin and posteriorly ribs and pleura. |
PMC1538613_F6_6469.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | DA receptor immunostaining shows a presynaptic pattern. A. D1 immunostaining. (A1) A field in a nAcc culture is shown with fluorescence superimposed on a differential interference contrast (DIC) image. Here five of six cells were D1 immunoreactive. Note that the cell body staining did not extend reliably out onto the dendrites. Rather, punctate or linear staining was seen in the neuropil, consistent with staining of axons and presynaptic varicosities. Regions of interest outlined in red and blue are shown at 2× magnification on the right side. (A2) D1 fluorescence revealed strings of varicosities studding a thin process. (A3) In another region of the neuropil, continuous staining of putative-axonal processes was seen. B. D2 immunostaining. (B1) A field in a different nAcc culture containing four neurons, two of which were D2 immunoreactive, is shown. Again, note that the cell body staining does not extend continuously out onto the dendritic processes. Rather, punctate and linear staining of putative axonal processes is evident in the neuropil. (B2) Several varicosities without clear intervening axonal staining are seen studding unstained dendrites. A stretch of labeled axon is seen on the lower, right corner of the field. (B3) In another region, there were stained varicosities studding axonal processes. Note the dearth of postsynaptic dendritic labeling. |
PMC1538613_F6_6467.jpg | What can you see in this picture? | DA receptor immunostaining shows a presynaptic pattern. A. D1 immunostaining. (A1) A field in a nAcc culture is shown with fluorescence superimposed on a differential interference contrast (DIC) image. Here five of six cells were D1 immunoreactive. Note that the cell body staining did not extend reliably out onto the dendrites. Rather, punctate or linear staining was seen in the neuropil, consistent with staining of axons and presynaptic varicosities. Regions of interest outlined in red and blue are shown at 2× magnification on the right side. (A2) D1 fluorescence revealed strings of varicosities studding a thin process. (A3) In another region of the neuropil, continuous staining of putative-axonal processes was seen. B. D2 immunostaining. (B1) A field in a different nAcc culture containing four neurons, two of which were D2 immunoreactive, is shown. Again, note that the cell body staining does not extend continuously out onto the dendritic processes. Rather, punctate and linear staining of putative axonal processes is evident in the neuropil. (B2) Several varicosities without clear intervening axonal staining are seen studding unstained dendrites. A stretch of labeled axon is seen on the lower, right corner of the field. (B3) In another region, there were stained varicosities studding axonal processes. Note the dearth of postsynaptic dendritic labeling. |
PMC1538613_F6_6470.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | DA receptor immunostaining shows a presynaptic pattern. A. D1 immunostaining. (A1) A field in a nAcc culture is shown with fluorescence superimposed on a differential interference contrast (DIC) image. Here five of six cells were D1 immunoreactive. Note that the cell body staining did not extend reliably out onto the dendrites. Rather, punctate or linear staining was seen in the neuropil, consistent with staining of axons and presynaptic varicosities. Regions of interest outlined in red and blue are shown at 2× magnification on the right side. (A2) D1 fluorescence revealed strings of varicosities studding a thin process. (A3) In another region of the neuropil, continuous staining of putative-axonal processes was seen. B. D2 immunostaining. (B1) A field in a different nAcc culture containing four neurons, two of which were D2 immunoreactive, is shown. Again, note that the cell body staining does not extend continuously out onto the dendritic processes. Rather, punctate and linear staining of putative axonal processes is evident in the neuropil. (B2) Several varicosities without clear intervening axonal staining are seen studding unstained dendrites. A stretch of labeled axon is seen on the lower, right corner of the field. (B3) In another region, there were stained varicosities studding axonal processes. Note the dearth of postsynaptic dendritic labeling. |
PMC1538613_F6_6466.jpg | Can you identify the primary element in this image? | DA receptor immunostaining shows a presynaptic pattern. A. D1 immunostaining. (A1) A field in a nAcc culture is shown with fluorescence superimposed on a differential interference contrast (DIC) image. Here five of six cells were D1 immunoreactive. Note that the cell body staining did not extend reliably out onto the dendrites. Rather, punctate or linear staining was seen in the neuropil, consistent with staining of axons and presynaptic varicosities. Regions of interest outlined in red and blue are shown at 2× magnification on the right side. (A2) D1 fluorescence revealed strings of varicosities studding a thin process. (A3) In another region of the neuropil, continuous staining of putative-axonal processes was seen. B. D2 immunostaining. (B1) A field in a different nAcc culture containing four neurons, two of which were D2 immunoreactive, is shown. Again, note that the cell body staining does not extend continuously out onto the dendritic processes. Rather, punctate and linear staining of putative axonal processes is evident in the neuropil. (B2) Several varicosities without clear intervening axonal staining are seen studding unstained dendrites. A stretch of labeled axon is seen on the lower, right corner of the field. (B3) In another region, there were stained varicosities studding axonal processes. Note the dearth of postsynaptic dendritic labeling. |
PMC1538613_F6_6468.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | DA receptor immunostaining shows a presynaptic pattern. A. D1 immunostaining. (A1) A field in a nAcc culture is shown with fluorescence superimposed on a differential interference contrast (DIC) image. Here five of six cells were D1 immunoreactive. Note that the cell body staining did not extend reliably out onto the dendrites. Rather, punctate or linear staining was seen in the neuropil, consistent with staining of axons and presynaptic varicosities. Regions of interest outlined in red and blue are shown at 2× magnification on the right side. (A2) D1 fluorescence revealed strings of varicosities studding a thin process. (A3) In another region of the neuropil, continuous staining of putative-axonal processes was seen. B. D2 immunostaining. (B1) A field in a different nAcc culture containing four neurons, two of which were D2 immunoreactive, is shown. Again, note that the cell body staining does not extend continuously out onto the dendritic processes. Rather, punctate and linear staining of putative axonal processes is evident in the neuropil. (B2) Several varicosities without clear intervening axonal staining are seen studding unstained dendrites. A stretch of labeled axon is seen on the lower, right corner of the field. (B3) In another region, there were stained varicosities studding axonal processes. Note the dearth of postsynaptic dendritic labeling. |
PMC1538615_F1_6472.jpg | What does this image primarily show? | Ultrastructural subcellular localization of HIV-1 derived vector genomes including the central DNA Flap (Flap +). Electron micrographs showing MT4 cells 48 hr following transduction with the TRIP Flap+ vector. Vector DNA genomes including the DNA Flap are found predominantly within the nucleus. N = nucleus; ne = nuclear envelope; nu = nucleolus; C = cytoplasm. Images show one low and four high magnification micrographs. The first high magnification micrograph is an enlargement from the low magnification image. The other three are taken from other independent experiments. All are highly representative of the data obtained. Arrows point to clusters of immunogold labeled vector DNA. |
PMC1538615_F1_6475.jpg | What object or scene is depicted here? | Ultrastructural subcellular localization of HIV-1 derived vector genomes including the central DNA Flap (Flap +). Electron micrographs showing MT4 cells 48 hr following transduction with the TRIP Flap+ vector. Vector DNA genomes including the DNA Flap are found predominantly within the nucleus. N = nucleus; ne = nuclear envelope; nu = nucleolus; C = cytoplasm. Images show one low and four high magnification micrographs. The first high magnification micrograph is an enlargement from the low magnification image. The other three are taken from other independent experiments. All are highly representative of the data obtained. Arrows point to clusters of immunogold labeled vector DNA. |
PMC1538615_F1_6474.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Ultrastructural subcellular localization of HIV-1 derived vector genomes including the central DNA Flap (Flap +). Electron micrographs showing MT4 cells 48 hr following transduction with the TRIP Flap+ vector. Vector DNA genomes including the DNA Flap are found predominantly within the nucleus. N = nucleus; ne = nuclear envelope; nu = nucleolus; C = cytoplasm. Images show one low and four high magnification micrographs. The first high magnification micrograph is an enlargement from the low magnification image. The other three are taken from other independent experiments. All are highly representative of the data obtained. Arrows point to clusters of immunogold labeled vector DNA. |
PMC1538615_F1_6471.jpg | Describe the main subject of this image. | Ultrastructural subcellular localization of HIV-1 derived vector genomes including the central DNA Flap (Flap +). Electron micrographs showing MT4 cells 48 hr following transduction with the TRIP Flap+ vector. Vector DNA genomes including the DNA Flap are found predominantly within the nucleus. N = nucleus; ne = nuclear envelope; nu = nucleolus; C = cytoplasm. Images show one low and four high magnification micrographs. The first high magnification micrograph is an enlargement from the low magnification image. The other three are taken from other independent experiments. All are highly representative of the data obtained. Arrows point to clusters of immunogold labeled vector DNA. |
PMC1538633_F1_6479.jpg | What is the principal component of this image? | Transthoracic 4 chamber echocardiogram demonstrating noisy native recording with poor visualization of the right atrium. B Transthoracic 4 chamber contrast echocardiogram demonstrating large mass superior to right atrium. |
PMC1538633_F1_6478.jpg | What is the core subject represented in this visual? | Transthoracic 4 chamber echocardiogram demonstrating noisy native recording with poor visualization of the right atrium. B Transthoracic 4 chamber contrast echocardiogram demonstrating large mass superior to right atrium. |
PMC1538633_F2_6476.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Magnetic resonance image demonstrating huge right sided mass within the chest. |
PMC1539001_F2_6480.jpg | What stands out most in this visual? | Assay for polyploidy of nuclei. Comparison of body muscle between syIs44 [dpy-20(+)+pPD49-78::GFPlacI+lacO]; dpy-20 and lin-5(e1348), dpy-10(e128) II; syEx207 [pRF4 (rol-6(su1006)) +pPD49-78GFP-LacI+lacO]. Animals were mounted on 5% Noble agar containing ~100 nM levamisole and examined under Nomarski microscopy and fluorescence at 100X. a) lin-5(e1348), dpy-10(e128) II; syEx207 L4 hermaphrodite. b)syIs44; dpy-20 L4 hermaphrodite. Arrows point to GFP-LacI bound to lacO. |
PMC1539001_F3_6482.jpg | What key item or scene is captured in this photo? | lin-3 mosaic analyis. (A) lin-3 mosaic animal at L4 stage with normal vulval development. Anchor cell labeled with arrowhead; bar indicates vulva. (B) Same lin-3 mosaic animal viewed under epifluoresence. The anchor cell has an intense spot of fluorescence, and thus the transgenic array (lin-3(+) + lacO + pPD118-33). The vulval descendants do not have the intense spot of fluorescence, and thus lack the transgenic array. (C) lin-3 mosaic animal at L4 stage with no Pn.px cells adopting vulval fate. Anchor cell labeled with arrowhead. Pn.px cell progeny labeled with arrows. (D) Same lin-3 mosaic animal viewed under epifluoresence. The anchor cell does not have the intense spot of fluorescence, and thus lacks the transgenic array (lin-3(+) + lacO + pPD118-33). The Pn.px cells do have the intense spot of fluorescence, and thus have the transgenic array. (E) lin-3 mosaic animal at L4 stage with multivulva phenotype. Anchor cell labeled with arrowhead; bar indicates vulva. (F) Same lin-3 mosaic animal viewed under epifluoresence. The anchor cell has an intense spot of fluorescence, and thus the transgenic array. The vulval descendants do not have the intense spot of fluorescence, and thus lack the transgenic array. |
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