image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic55987.jpg | what plane was used? | coronal |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3170317_F1_107909.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | CT angiogram verifying the presence of a mass inside the right atrium occupying almost the whole cavity. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07729.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Image transonore a paroi fine sans végétation ni cloison mesurant 60/52 mm accoleé a l'ovaire droit et un épanchement de faible abundance |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4569567_pone.0136802.g005_423456.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Noncontact specular microscopy images of corneal endothelium before and after ripasudil administration in non-instilled eye.In 3 of 6 typical healthy subjects, before administration (Top row), 1.5 hours after the initial administration on day 0 (Second row), 6 hours after the initial administration on day 0 (Third row), and before the final administration on day 7 (Bottom row) of ripasudil in non-instilled eye, in subject 1 (Left column), subject 2 (Middle column), and subject 5 (Right column). Throughout the observation period, there were no morphological changes of corneal endothelial cells in non-instilled eye. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2345.jpg | Is cut present? | no |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2684260_F0008_38713.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Photograph of premature pulled out urethral catheter on sixth day in distal hypospadias repair |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2257930_F5_18321.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Magnetic resonance images (MRI) of a patient before and after interventional microadhesiolysis. The joint effusion decreased after the patient underwent interventional microadhesiolysis. (a) Axial and (c) coronal views of the shoulder MRI taken before intervention. (b) Axial and (d) coronal views of shoulder MRI taken after intervention. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic18406.jpg | what part of the body is being imaged here? | gastrointestinal |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4441633_Fig1_389022.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | (Top) clinical photograph showing elbow swelling, deformity with sagging and crusts in a case of extension supracondylar fracture humerus neglected for 27 days. (Bottom) X-ray showing off-ending of the fragments with marked posterior displacement with early callus formation. Nerve conduction study showed incomplete radial nerve involvement (patient 1) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4190593_F1_326463.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Computed tomography scan of the brain. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4564634_fig3_422407.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Negatively stained rMGST1 crystals. The effects of different salt concentrations and dialysis temperatures are shown in the figure. (a) Previous condition [37]. (b) With additional CaCl2. (c) With an increased dialysis temperature. (d) Combined effect of salt and higher temperature. The size of the crystals improves significantly in (d) as compared to (a–c). A number of single layer sheets were obtained in (d), making data collection possible. The crystals in these four conditions were embedded in 1% uranyl acetate. These four images were taken at the same nominal magnification of 5000x and the scale bar is 2 μm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4450302_fig6_391672.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Seed point extraction results of five groups of data sets. The first to the fourth columns correspond to the source angiograms, segmentation results of Fritzsche, Boroujeni, and the proposed methods. The first to the fifth rows correspond to five different data sets. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4432943_Fig4_386670.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. |
Cervical carcinoma showing restricted diffusion and enhancement. Axial T2 image showing a mass in the right lateral aspect of the cervix with parametrial invasion (a), the mass demonstrates restricted diffusion on high b-values (b) and marked enhancement on DCE imaging (images c-f), indicating the tumour should respond well to treatment. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwysdogg086u83zx67be.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2597201_pone-0003959-g010_31037.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Atorvastatin increases the TGF-β/Smad signaling in vivo.ApoE-/- mice of 1 month age were feed with hyperlipidemic diet for 2 months and then randomized in two groups: non treated mice and treated with 5mg/kg/day of atorvastatin for 2 months. Animals were sacrificed and samples were embedded in paraffin. Aortic roots were stained by immunohistochemistry for p-Smad3 (a), TRII (b), Smooth Muscle Actin (SMA) (c), PAI-1 (d), and Type I Collagen (COL-1) (e). Figure shows a representative mouse of each group of 8. magnification 40× and 100×. Panel f shows the quantifications of the histological observations. This was performed by an independent observer, using Metamorph software, and following manufacturer's instructions. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3437570_F1_153873.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | (A) A single axial CT image from a percutaneous CT guided biopsy using a coaxial technique and a 22-guage needle for fine needle aspirate sampling in a female with an incidentally detected 2.7 cm lower pole R renal mass. Pathology reported renal cell carcinoma, without subtyping. (B) An ultrasound image with the needle guide in place of a male with an incidentally detected 3.5 cm right upper pole renal mass. (C) A second ultrasound image from a percutaneous US guided biopsy using a coaxial technique and an 18-guage needle for core biopsy. Pathology reported as renal cell carcinoma, conventional clear cell type, Furman grade I–II. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3573129_f2-ol-05-02-0593_185804.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Unsuspected lesions detected with 18FDG PET/CT. The left column shows CT and the right column shows 18FDG PET/CT images. (A) Small hypermetabolic left internal mammary lymph node measuring 0.9 cm, with SUV=3.6 (green arrows). (B) Normal sized hypermetabolic abdominal paraaortic lymph node, <1.0 cm (green arrows). (C) Left iliac hypermetabolic lymph nodes (green arrows). (D) Small hypermetabolic implant in the left pelvic region, measuring 1.1 x 0.5 cm (SUV=1,5) (green arrows). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3535415_Fig6_176701.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Cell spreading and actin stress fibers are dispensable for nuclear translocation of cyclin D1/D2 in cycling N2A cells. N2A cells were synchronized by shake-off and treated with CCD or LB at the indicated time-points after synchronization. After 20 h, the drugs were washed away and the cells were fixed 1 h later, after which they were processed for microscopy using phalloidin-TRITC and DAPI, as well as antibodies against cyclin D1/D2 and P(Y118)paxillin. Pictures were obtained on a confocal microscope. Top nuclei (blue), F-actin (red), P(Y118)paxillin (green). Bottom cyclin D1/D2. Bar 10 μm |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glbs45n071ubr5deoxc.jpg | What color is the abnormality? | Pink, Red, White |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4306681_fig6_352984.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Perlecan and (α2-3)-linked sialic acid modification are overexpressed in human atherosclerotic arteries. Human normal and atherosclerotic arterial sections were stained with the perlecan-specific antibody (green) and MAL II lectin (red) (A) or the ApoB-specific monoclonal antibody (green) and MAL II lectin (red) (B), as indicated, and appropriate secondary antibodies. The images were obtained from a confocal microscope. The basement membrane in the normal tissue section (A and B, top), lipid accumulation area in the atherosclerotic section (A, bottom), and the edge of ApoB accumulation area (B, bottom) are indicated with arrows. Scale bar, 50 μm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qu1f9r08322xcue2pr.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3500322_pone-0049814-g002_166567.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Examples of two subjects with incidental findings from research MRI scans and their associated follow up investigations.
Panel A shows an in-phase axial Dixon VIBE MR image displaying a lesion (white arrow) in the right breast classified as being of high clinical significance. Panel B shows the clinical mammogram image that correlate to A. In Panel C a cystic lesion arising from the upper pole of the right kidney (white arrow) is seen on a water-only Dixon VIBE MR image and classified as being of low clinical significance. This was further diagnosed as a cortical kidney cyst (Bosniak Type I) on follow up ultrasound scan (Panel D). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvi90qw074y9f6e88ql.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Gastroscopy |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4156172_f1-ol-08-04-1810_318161.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | (A) Abdominal ultrasound images revealing a large (>12 cm) mixed echoic hepatic tumor, with ill-defined margins. Computed tomography scans revealing (B) a large hepatic adenoma, with multiple daughter nodules, and (C) multiple daughter nodules in the right lobe of the liver on the coronal view. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4054811_F1_297045.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Symptoms expressed in grapevine affected with fungal vascular diseases. (A) Vines showing tiger-stripe leaf symptoms associated with the chronic form of esca. (B) Symptoms of apoplexy on a young grapevine; note the foliar symptoms between the apparently healthy (right) and apoplectic (left) cordon. (C) Cross section of a grapevine wood spur infected with esca; note the necrotic spots in vessels organized in rings and the brown necrosis in the center of the wood. (D) Cross section of a grapevine cordon infected with eutypa dieback; note the wedge-shaped canker. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4113653_f1-etm-08-03-0841_309303.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Plain radiograph reveals a faintly calcified soft tissue mass (indicated by the white arrows) without bone involvement. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4494722_Fig1_403944.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Case 3, A seventy-three-years-old woman who sustained a Vancouver type-B1 periprosthetic femoral fracture seventy five months after revision surgery using a long stem. A Anteroposterior radiograph of the right hip showing the loosening of long stem. B Anteroposterior radiograph of the right hip made just after revision surgery using a standard stem with impaction bone grafting. C Anteroposterior radiograph of the right hip showing the Vancouver type B1 fracture pattern six months after revision surgery. D Anteroposterior radiograph of the right hip made one year after operation. Incorporation of the fracture site can be observed. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glcs48z071ue55u7r1k.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2553086_F1_28021.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Pre-operative panoramic radiography. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3492161_F1_164473.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | (A-C) Axial T2-weighted and (D) coronal FLAIR-weighted MR images of patient 3 at 9 years of age show widespread bilateral T2-hyperintensities in cerebral periventricular white matter. Involvement of the pons (C, full white arrow) and cystic lesions (D, open arrow) are visible. Peripheral U-fibers are spared. Lesions are largely unchanged compared to neuroimaging at age 4 years1. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4143879_ijerph-11-08581-f004_315526.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Representative fluorescence microscopic images of cells double-stained with acridine orange (0.3 mg·mL−1) and ethidium bromide (1 mg·mL−1) after 24 h of exposure to F1–F9. Images of the fields were acquired with a magnification of 200×. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2266934_F3_18857.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | GFP imaging can reveal details of ductal development, mammary tumors, tumor associated blood vessels, and lymph node morphology. Ductal development can be compared with two imaging techniques – by first GFP imaging the mammary gland (A, C) and then whole mounting the same gland (B, D). Mammary tumors appear less bright compared to the mammary ducts (E) and more bright compared to tumor associated blood vessels (F-H). Lymph nodes (I) can be highlighted close to brighter mammary ducts (K). (J) H&E section of a lymph node. Arrows: mammary ducts, ^: mammary tumor, open arrowheads: blood vessels, *: lymph node. Magnifications are as indicated. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxuv8zs4074y63kcdkqh.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2600790_F5_31229.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Lateral spine radiograph showed severe lytic changes with extensive irregularities of the anterior/posterior end plates. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3274056_f3-sensors-11-02077_124703.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Internalization of GLUT4-QD complex in L6 cell. (A) Cross section of the same slice in a L6 cell at different times during internalization. The cross-section images of different layers in the L6 cell and three dimensional reconstruction of GLUT4-QD at the beginning (B) and 20 min later (C) show the change of the three-dimensional distribution of the GLUT4-QDs in the live L6 cell. The imaging parameters were identical across the different panels. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3128602_pone-0021757-g004_101300.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Anchoring of gp64-VP1 on the surface of the infected Sf9 cells.The cells were cultured on sterile glass bottom microwell dishes, infected with baculovirus Bac-Pie1-gp64-VP1 at a MOI of 0.2, and subjected to immunofluorescence staining followed by confocal microscopy 3 days post-infection. The blue channel showed the stained nuclei of Sf 9 cells, whereas the green channel showed the localization of gp64-VP1 fusion protein on the plasma membrane of infected cells. In contrast, the uninfected cells were not detected by anti-VP1 sera. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3898610_fig5_260387.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Augmin Is Essential for MT Generation around Chromatin(A and B) Stills from movies of spindle reformation in embryos expressing Tubulin-GFP Histone-RFP (A) or EB1-GFP (B) injected with anti-Dgt6 antibodies.(C) Stills from movies of D-HURP-GFP localization following cold treatment in an anti-Dgt6-injected embryo; localization of D-HURP-GFP is not dependent on Augmin.(D) Composite kymographs of MT nucleation (EB1-GFP) during mitosis in control (WT) and anti-Dgt6-injected embryos following cold treatment; chromatin-dependent MT generation is completely absent upon Augmin disruption.See also Movie S8. Scale bars, 5 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4380964_fig04_373658.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Stable disease from NovoTTF-100A, bevacizumab and TCCC. (A) At baseline, the necrotic recurrent glioblastoma in patient 3 was located in the right insula before treatment. (B) At 0.8 months after initiation of treatment, there was a slight reduction in gadolinium enhancement but no shrinkage of the tumor cyst. (C) At the time of tumor recurrence 6.4 months after initiation of treatment, his head MRI showed marked tumor invasion into the adjacent hemisphere and the corpus callosum. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4263801_Fig12_343952.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Fibrous scar. Axial T2-weighted MR (a) and axial T1 FS contrast-enhanced (b) images, in a case of bilateral photodynamic therapy show a post-treatment pattern, with a small area of low signal intensity, without enhancement, corresponding to fibrous scar tissue (arrowhead). Low power (c, d) images from radical prostatectomy show a focus of sclerotic and hyaline necrosis on the left lobe suggesting a 7 × 5-mm therapy scar |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3483267_pone-0048512-g005_162425.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Histological observation for evaluation of allergen-induced inflammatory cell infiltration in lungs of treated mice.Lung samples from unprimed mice (A, B) and Cj pollinosis model mice fed with normal egg white (C–F) or cLys-7crp-containing egg white (G–J) were harvested 24 h after the intranasal challenge, fixed with paraformaldehyde and stained with H&E (A, C, E, G, I) or PAS (B, D, F, H, J). (C–J) The sections were prepared from the lung samples of mice presented with the symbols of closed diamonds (C, D), closed circles (E, F), open cross shapes (G, H) and open diamonds (I, J) in Fig. 4. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3612036_pone-0060191-g001_195587.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Regions showing significant differences in VMHC between MDD patients and healthy controls.Blue colors indicate reduced VMHC in patients compared to the controls. A: medial orbitofrontal gyrus; B: parahippocampal gyrus/fusiform gyrus; and C: middle occipital gyrus/cuneus. The threshold was set at a corrected p<0.05. Slices are 2 mm apart. The numbers at the top left of the map refer to the x-coordinates in the MNI space. The Z-score bar is shown at the lower right of the figure. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_70453.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Malignant mesothelioma of the pleura; diffuse irregular and nodular pleural thickening with involvement of mediastinal pleura and fissure |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4312672_F4_354336.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Radiographic evolution of sinus demarcation: a) before surgery, b) Year 1 and c) Year 2. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3421107_Fig2_150514.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Pitfalls of urothelial cell carcinoma invasion of musculus detrusor. a, b Muscularis mucosae fascicles mimicking musculus detrusor. c, d Extensive desmoplastic stromal reaction misinterpreted as musculus detrusor invasion. HE; original magnifications ×100 |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3208432_F1_114254.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Photograph of prothorax and base of metathorax of Semiclivina species; right lateral view, showing the stridulation ridge (arrow); Scale bar: 0,5 mm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4632753_ijms-16-24332-f002_440855.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Effect of PBZ application on microstructure of P. lactiflora lateral branches: (A,C) Photographs of P. lactiflora lateral branches with a magnification of 200 times (Scale bar = 200 μm); (B,D) Photographs of partial enlargement in (A,C) marked by the arrow. Scale bar = 50 μm; and (E) Statistics of microstructure in P. lactiflora lateral branches. Different letters indicate highly significant differences (p < 0.01). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4489901_pone.0129512.g005_402345.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Transmission signal subtraction images.Left column: transmission signal subtraction images. Right column: threshold-limited, filtered superimposition of the transmission subtraction image (in color) on the respective original transmission image (grey values range: [0, 0.9]). (a)-(b) 100% Solutrast, (c)-(d) 10% Solutrast. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4450477_Fig10_391849.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Altered cell type distribution of Yfp
+ cells in regions of high Vsx2
orJ contribution in chimeras. Expression of POU4F (A) and OTX (B) in retinas of mutant chimeras at E15.5. Quantification of POU4F+ (C) and OTX+ (D)
Yfp
+ cells as a function of patch type in retinas of mutant chimeras at E15.5. Black diamonds represent individual patch values and illustrate the variation within patches of the same type. Red squares represent mean ± standard deviation. P values calculated by Student’s unpaired t-test or Welch’s two-sample t-test, as appropriate (based on results of an F-test of variances). Scale bars: 100 μm. Abbreviations: EYFP, enhanced yellow fluorescent protein. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3205767_fig5_113751.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Comparison of the reconstructed tomography images derived using the Bayesian method and conventional FBP under the Poissonian noise. The top row shows the results of our method, and the bottom one shows the results of the conventional FBP method. Each column corresponds to the strength of the observation noise which can be denoted as the number of sampling in the acceptance rejection method. We show the magnification of a part of the reconstructed images around the edge of the phantom, whose location is indicated by a white rectangle in the true image. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4500132_life-05-01111-f005_405536.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Confocal micrographs of Bodipy-stained lipid droplets and CFP-tagged proteins in N. punctiforme. Visible (top), Bodipy fluorescence (middle), and 3-D enhanced Bodipy fluorescence (bottom) micrographs of wild-type ((A) and (B)), Np1710/11 ((C) and (D)), and Np1710/11/5141 ((E) and (F)) strains during exponential (left panels) and stationary growth phase (right panels). CFP fluorescence of NpC5141 (G) and NpC1710 (H) during exponential growth phase. Scale bars denote 5 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4569299_pone.0137909.g003_423305.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Representative cases with LC defects in A) the M group (high myopia without glaucoma), B) the G group (glaucoma without high myopia), and C) the MG group (glaucoma with high myopia), respectively.Each panel shows (from left to right) infrared fundus images, OCT images, and SAP visual field printouts. The locations of the scan lines are shown as horizontal lines in infrared images (left panels). The arrows in OCT images show the locations of the defects (center panels). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4657283_Fig5_447183.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Identification of reactive astrocytes in motor cortex sections of WR and WT mice 40 d.p.n. a–c GFAP-labeled astrocytes (green) strictly co-localized (magnification) with S100 β protein (red) in the brain tissue of control mice in moderate concentration. d–f S100 β was up-regulated (magnification) in symptomatic mice and expressed in a population of hypertrophic astrocytes. Scale bar = 20 μm |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4222961_pone-0111960-g009_333711.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Photomicrographs represent immunohistochemistry staining of p53 expression of ESC sections from mice.
A) Shows negative staining for p53 in ESC from untreated mice. B) Shows moderate expression of p53 (++) in ESC from mice received IP MNPs. C) shows overexpression of p53 (+++) in ESC from mice received IT MNPs. Magnification is 10X. Also higher magnified photo is shown for each group (40X). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4434046_f0001_386976.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Imaging examination of tumours before and after surgery. (A) Before surgery; (B) after surgery. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3683443_fig1_211750.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | The mediolateral oblique (MLO) and craniocaudal (CC) view of the left and right breast mammogram. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2754338_pone-0007315-g012_47083.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Immunohistochemical staining for adenocarcinoma (Reck, Cdh5, S100A14).(a) Immunohistochemical staining of control lung tissue, (b) lung cancer at 10× magnification and (c) at 40× magnification (d) lung cancer in the presence of primary antibody, after preincubation with blocking peptide and (e) positive control. 7 = reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (Reck), 8 = cadherine 5 (Cdh5) and 9 = S100 calcium binding protein A14 (S100A14). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3086522_F2_94176.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Hoechst Nuclear (top row) and Texas Red (bottom row) immunofluorescence staining of keloid and normal skin tissues. Double staining was performed in each slide. Images A and C (keloid) are the same microscopic areas in each HSP group which were viewed by different filters. It is also true for Images B and D (normal tissue). Hoechst stain shows the cell population. Texas Red demonstrates hsp47 expression. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3852143_F2_249063.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | AFM topography and recognition images of natural plant cell walls. Topography (a-f) and recognition (g-l) images of natural poplar (P), switchgrass (SG), and corn stover (CS). (a, c, e, g, i, k) show the representative surface area mainly covered by lignin and (b, d, f, h, j, l) show the representative surface area mainly covered by crystalline cellulose. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2714516_F4_42018.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Images of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea in mice using transcutaneous ultrasound biomicroscopy using a 40 MHz transducer. Images were taken during proestrus (a), estrus (b, c), metestrus (d), and diestrus (e). White arrows indicate corpora lutea, and arrow heads indicate antral follicles. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv5903k074y22v4as0s.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 0 |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4689810_F4_456035.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Dose distributions of patient 3 using different weekly CTs. Pink contours represent the CTV (week 6). Cases (A–C) and (D–F) are obtained using the SFLG and the LFSG configurations, respectively, simulations (week 6). Cases (A–F) are obtained using the SFLG and the LFSG configurations, respectively, with ITV margins only. Examples (G–P) are obtained using the LFSG configuration and 3 mm isotropic margins, 3 mm + 3% range margins, and the combination of both previous margins, respectively. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3051118_F0004_89414.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Anteroposterior (a) and lateral (b) radiographs of Patient 1 show the fracture of tibial plateau with main fragment in posterolateral, and CT scanning in coronary (c) shows avulsion fracture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), which is a crucial instrument for knee stability. Postoperative anteroposterior (d) and lateral (e) views of the tibial plateau show satisfactory reduction and stabilization of the posterolateral fragments from PL approach and avulsion fracture from AM approach. PL= Posterolateral, AM = Anteromedial |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3294967_F-2-2_128459.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Radiologic and pathologic findings of Granulibacter bethesdensis infection in patient 2, a 36-year-old man from the United States with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. A) Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) image at initial examination (December 2005), showing multiple lucencies in the spleen (arrows) and edema and stranding in the omentum and mesentery. B) Contrast-enhanced CT image (September 2006), showing resolution of splenic lesions after prolonged antimicrobial drug therapy. C) Contrast-enhanced CT image (April 2008), showing multiple lucencies in the spleen consistent with abscesses. D) Gross view of the sectioned spleen after splenectomy (April 2008), showing numerous abscesses. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4589361_pone.0139330.g008_428738.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Endocytosed β2-m amyloid fibrils leak from endosomes/lysosomes into the cytosol.Representative electron micrographs of HIG-82 cells incubated with Ham’s F12 medium containing 100 μg/ml β2-m fibrils for 6 hrs as described in Materials and Methods. Images were taken as described in Materials and Methods. (D-F) Higher magnifications of the boxes in A-C, respectively. Note that the endocytosed amyloid fibrils leaked from endosomal/lysosomal vesicles into the cytosol (A, D), and some fibrils were found adjacent to mitochondria (B, C, E, F). The scale bars are 500 nm long in A-C and 200 nm long in D-F. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic61171.jpg | what is the organ system in this image? | skull and contents |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4696518_F1_458062.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | TEM images of test QD. (A) Carboxyl-QD, (B) amine-QD, (C) HDA-QD. All QD were prepared for imaging in their as-purchased solutions. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4269279_fig2_345317.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | CT scan of the acromioclavicular joint demonstrating distal clavicle osteolysis compared to a normal joint. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3972677_cells-02-00244-f005_278095.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | SEM of +EDC cross-linked scaffolds seeded with MG-63 cells for 1, 28, and 90 days. Magnification at 450× and scale bars at 50 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4044607_F1_294227.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | The deformed images co-registered between the intra-operative images (with scanning resolution: 66p*192s) and the pre-operative images (with 132p*192s). Both are on the same plane. Each Demons trial took less than 10 ms with the use of proposed computing architecture. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4659660_pone.0142882.g007_447619.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | HCC appearing as Type C pattern.(a) Transverse T2–weighted image demonstrates hyperintense mass in segmentVI (arrow). (b) On SWI, the mass appears as hyperintensity without background liver siderosis (arrow). (c) Photomicrography of Prussian blue staining slide demonstrates no iron deposition in either HCC or background liver (×50). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4628231_Fig3_439461.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Confocal laser scanning microscopy images of two-day-old biofilms of A. fumigatus strain Af293. The fungal biofilms were stained with calcofluor white (blue staining). SLNs labelled with DiO (green staining) were then added and the penetrance measured after 2 h (upper panels) and 6 h (lower panels). The rectangular micrographs on the sides (right panels) represent the x–z plane and y–z optical cross sections through the thickness of the biofilms. The images shown (CLSM 20X) are representative of three independent experiments. Bar = 50 μm |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3751571_F4_226925.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | CT scan, resected liver and specimen. (A, B) After the portal vein embolization (PVE) and administration of autologous CD133+ cells, the future liver remnant volume (FLRV) reached 772 cm3 (15 days after the procedure). The (C) resected liver and (D) specimen are shown. CT, computed tomography; FLRV, future liver remnant volume; PVE, portal vein embolization. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3678460_fig3_210244.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | MR images obtained approximately two months after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization and radiofrequency ablation. (a) A hypodense area measuring approximately 3 cm in diameter is observed on T1-weighted image. (b) A hyperintense area is found on T2-weighted image. ((c)–(f)) Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced images. In the arterial phase following contrast injection (c), the center of the tumor is enhanced intensely and homogeneously. In the delayed phase (d) and hepatobiliary phase (f), the tumor is completely washed out. e: portal phase. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4452784_pone.0128510.g001_392659.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Curcumin stains Lewy Bodies.(A) Individual fluorescence spectra of curcumin, Alexa-647 secondary antibody, and two autofluorescent components, defined by spectral imaging and linear unmixing. Autofluorescence components (B, C) were clearly separated from adjacent curcumin-positive (D) structures, which were defined as Lewy Bodies because they co-labeled with S129-P-α-synuclein-A647 antibodies (E, G). Minimal unassigned residual light (F) demonstrates a high efficiency of the unmixing technique for the defined spectra. (Scale bar = 10 μm) |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4026979_fig2_289970.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Electron micrographs of pyramidal neuron nuclei in the hippocampus of control and stressed male tree shrews: (a), control CA1; (b), stress CA1; (c), control CA3; (d), stress CA3. Note the homogeneous nucleoplasma (NP) in the controls and the large number of heterochromatin clusters (arrow) in nuclei of CA3 pyramidal neurons in stressed animals. NL: nucleolus. Calibration bar: 2 μm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4686802_INPRACTH5547F6_455108.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Myelograph showing (a) narrowing and dorsal deviation of both the dorsal and ventral columns of contrast material at the level of T11-T12. This lamb had vertebral body osteomyelitis resulting in erosion of vertebral bodies of T11 and T12. (b) Pooling of contrast material at the injection site (the lumbosacral junction). This myelograph has been taken too soon after administration of the contrast material as the dorsal contrast column is well established only as far as L3. The lesion in this case was at T10 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2034382_F2_14119.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | vGPCR-expressing HUVEC mimic spindle cells. HUVEC were infected with BABE or BABE-vGPCR retroviruses and grown for 72 hours. GFP-positive vGPCR expressing HUVEC exhibit a spindle cell-like morphology that resemble the spindle cells found in KS lesions. GFP expression ca. 60%. Images taken at 400× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4592070_pone.0139429.g001_429353.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Mitochondrial localization of endogenous PTP1B in multiple mammalian cell lines.Mammalian cells were fixed with PFA and immunostained for endogenous PTP1B using an anti-PTP1B (Ab-1) mouse monoclonal primary antibody (Calbiochem) and a chicken anti-mouse secondary antibody conjugated with Alexa488 (Invitrogen). Mitochondria were stained with MitoTracker Red CMXRos (Invitrogen). COS-7, BJ Fibroblast, HeLa, MCF7, MDCK and HepG2 cells were visualized with confocal microscopy. Representative mitochondria are marked with arrows. Mitochondrial targeting of PTP1B was easier to assess in the cells with a flatter morphology towards the top of the figure as compared with the more compact cells towards the bottom. Scale bars: 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3922251_F8_266570.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Change in renal scarring after administration of melamine and cyanuric acid. Scarring was observed on day 0 (a) and day 28 (b) after administration; however, it had disappeared by day 90 (c) and day 180 (d). (HE. ×40). Arrows indicate scarring of kidney tissue. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2553409_F3_28138.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | CT scan of the thorax demonstrating circumscribed calcified bilateral pleural plaques. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_10851.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Case 1. Suprasternal view. 2D examination conducted with a sector probe. Asterisk – a mural thrombus with the size of 11.7 × 7.4 mm in the right brachiocephalic vein. A fragment of the catheter (arrow head) is visible in the left brachiocephalic vein |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3375219_pcbi-1002519-g001_141619.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Examples of 3D microscopic images.(a) A confocal image of kinetochores (EGFP labeled) and chromosomes (histone-mCherry labeled) used in studying the first meiotic division in mouse oocytes [17]. (b) A confocal image of the first larval stage of C. elegans
[18]. Gray: DAPI labeled nuclei; yellow: myo3:EGFP. (c) A confocal image of an adult fruit fly brain [19]. Gray: NC82 labeled neuropil; green: ato-GAL4 (courtesy of Julie Simpson). (d) A serial section electron microscopic image of mouse visual cortex [20]. (e) A digital scanned laser light sheet fluorescence microscopic image of a Medaka juvenile [21]. Green: acetylated tubulin immuno-staining of the developing brain and spinal cord. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3940908_pone-0090431-g005_271080.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Dynamic CT angiographic image (Axial, sagittal, 3-D reformat) demonstrates the development of a spot sign over the arterial, mid-cycle and venous phases in a subject with large right parasagittal frontal hematoma.It is notable how the spot temporally evolved in its size, shape, volume and density and then eventually faded at the end of venous phase. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4324864_gou059-F1_357461.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Representative white light (left panel) and NBI (narrow band imaging, right panel) images of T1a esophageal adenocarcinoma. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4243941_Fig2_339027.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail |
Dynamic changes on computed tomography scans for human adenovirus type 55 pneumonia in patient 3. Chest computed tomography scans taken on day 1 show a nodular shadow in the right upper lobe. The nodular shadow expanded dramatically within 3 days and was surrounded by ground-glass opacity on day 4. The lesion was diffuse in both lung fields on day 8. A cavity was observed on day 23, and the mediastinum window shows the formation of pulmonary abscess in the upper right lobe (red arrow). The lung abscess tested negative for Legionella, Staphylococcus and tuberculosis. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3789822_pgen-1003756-g005_235719.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Fluorescence of a PspoIIR-SNAP fusion in strain 630Δerm and in a spo0A, sigF or sigE mutant.Cells of the C. difficile 630Δerm strain, and of the spo0A, sigF and sigE mutants carrying a PspoIIR-SNAPCd transcriptional fusion in a multicopy plasmid were collected 24 h of following inocculation in SM broth. Cells were labelled with the fluorescent substrate TMR to allow localization of SNAPCd production driven by the spoIIR promoter, stained with the DNA marker DAPI and the membrane dye MTG and examined by phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2928784_F1_72206.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | A computed tomography (CT) scan prior to supportive therapy showing sternal non-union (two months after operative refixation). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2963747_F0002_76807.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Frontal radiograph from a barium meal follow-through study shows contrast-opacified short length of dilated small bowel; A, ascending colon; D, descending colon, R, rectum. Rapid transit was noted, with contrast seen in the large bowel within 20 minutes of administration (normal mean transit time is 60 minutes) |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_36621.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Control CECT scans with reduced peripancreatic fluid collections. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4430919_Fig7_386224.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Immunostain validations of differential expression. Top panels show elevated expression of Frem1 in podocytes (MafB positive) cells of the glomerulus. Arrows show two cells with higher Frem1 levels in mutants. Middle panels show elevated expression of Lmx1b in wildtype podocytes. Arrows mark two cells with increased Lmx1b expression. Bottom panels show elevated expression of thrombospondin (Thsb1) in mutant mesangial cells |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4069576_F1_300835.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Both chronic and acute changes in a patient with proven CADASIL. Chronic lacunar defects and gliotic changes affecting bilateral fronto-parietal regions including basal ganglia on both sides [(A); axial FLAIR image]. Subacute lacunar infarct in the left parietal white matter [(B); axial diffusion weighted image]. Gliotic changes affecting both anterior temporal lobes are thought to be typical for CADASIL [(C,D); axial FLAIR and coronal T2 weighted images; please note: lacunar defects in the right temporal lobe are adjacent to the right-sided amygdala]. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3744482_pone-0071863-g006_224977.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Activation patterns for each patient during fMRI scans in sagittal views.Talairach coordinate: x = 0. The order transitions within individual therapies are marked by arrows. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3915856_fig5_264843.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Blood flow shear stress induces the interaction events between Notch receptor1 or 4 and their ligands in the “nidus” vessel wall 42 days after AVF formation. Green dots indicate interaction events: the interaction events between Notch receptor1 and its ligand Delta1 (a), Notch1 and Delta4 (b), Notch1 and Jagged1 (c), Notch receptor4 and Delta1 (d), Notch4 and Delta4 (e), and Notch4 and Jagged1 (f), respectively. In situ proximity ligation assay, original magnification ×10 for (a), and ((c)–(f)); ×63 for (b). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3230141_F3_118231.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Radiological evaluation. Magnetic resonance sagittal T2 weighted image (image A) and postcontrast sagittal T1 image (image B) of the thoracic spine shows millimetric hyperintense metastases with no residual-recurrent tumor. Multislice computed tomography of the chest and abdomen demonstrated osteolytic (image G) and parenchymal metastases (arrows) in lungs (images C and D), liver and spleen (images E and F). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3858008_fig2_250727.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Double balloon enteroscopy. A large but shallow ulcer is seen in front of tight fibrous stricture of the distal jejunum. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic25797.jpg | what organ system is being imaged? | gastrointestinal |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3958276_f5-sensors-14-02171_274887.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | 3D images of the human posterior chamber. (a) Optic-nerve head projection view (movie 4); (b) Retinal projection view (movie 5); (c) Optic-nerve head side view (movie 6); (d) Retinal side view (movie 7). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glfs4cr071ueoca9u0i.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2890388_F11_66999.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Microscopic appearance of burned skin on the 8th day. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3925167_pone-0088797-g004_267182.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Histological and Immunohistolochemical illustration.Panel A. PrPSc immunostaining was observed in all the mice (arrow). Panel B. Vacuolar lesions revealed after Hematoxylin & Eosin staining were apparent in all conditions. Immunohistochemical detections of the GFAP astrocyte marker (Panel C) and the neuronal marker NeuN were also performed (Panel D). |
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