image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_skin/train_2609.jpg | Does micrognathia triploid fetus show skin, kaposis 's sarcoma? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4458912_f4_394224.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | H&E and PSA staining of tumor samples from mice inoculated with both 10 k and 100 k LNCaP cells.PSA staining confirms the presence of PSA in the cells of the resected tumors. Magnification is 200x and scale bars are 100 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3895845_F4_259483.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Histopathological findings. (a) Histopathological examination (hematoxylin and eosin staining) revealed a clear cell carcinoma in the ovarian tumor (magnification, 200×). (b) A clear cell carcinoma similar to that of the primary ovarian carcinoma was confirmed in the adrenal tumor (magnification 200×). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3384666_pone-0039364-g005_142987.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | CT scan images of humerus and ulna displaying cross-section morphology.Humerus cross-sections images 1–6 (A), Computer generated render of humerus with corresponding image cross-section lines 1–6 (B), Ulna cross-sections images 1–6 (C), Computer generated render of ulna with corresponding image cross-section lines 1–6 (D). Scale is included as part of each CT image in mm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4610559_sensors-15-22811-f008_434722.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Scanned sample and the middle slice of the volume data. (a) SiC sample; (b) the middle slice after system adjustment; (c) the middle slice before system adjustment. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4500547_pone.0132512.g003_405584.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | SEM micrographs showing cell killing of pre-formed plaque biofilms induced by different treatments with peptide 1018.The images show the effect of different treatments (one time, twice or three times) with 10 μg/ml of peptide 1018 on pre-formed (3-day old) plaque biofilms grown either on HA or saliva-coated HA disks. Peptide treated samples accumulated extracellular debris presumably from compromised cells; biofilm cells exhibited disrupted morphologies and were smaller in size in the treated samples. The low magnification corresponds to 5000 X, and the high magnification corresponds to 20 000 X. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/inside_oral/train_1430.jpg | Is oral present? | yes |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qs1f7b08323rvo6gmh.jpg | Are there any instruments in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3763572_fig9_229303.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Fetal MRI—23rd week of gestation. SSFSE, T2WI, sagittal plane. Vein of Galen malformation (VOGM) causing callosal hypoplasia. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic35133.jpg | what type of contrast did this patient have? | iv |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3770910_F2_231176.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Activation for performing semantic judgments (collapsed across category) relative to rest for each of the three subject groups (voxelwise p < 0.001, cluster-level corrected q < 0.05). (A) Activity for young adults. (B) Activity for worse-performing older adults. (C) Activity for better-performing older adults. Older adults were divided into groups based on median split performance of the behavioral data. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_03275.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | CT at re-admission 1 week post lap chole - Free intraperitoneal gas abscess in gallbladder fossa |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4036709_F6_292494.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Intravital imaging of BL2-GFP cells in the ex ovo CAM model. A-E”: Time lapse images of BL2-GFP cells, which were grafted in 10% Matrigel on the ex ovo CAM. BL2-GFP cells show a bright green fluorescence, CAM tissue a weak greenish autofluorescence, and blood vessels appear black. Pictures were taken every 24 h, beginning 48 h post inoculation (p.i.). The magnification of the pictures is indicated. The yellow rectangles mark regions shown at higher magnification in B-E. The white dotted line in A and A” depicts the region of initial inoculation. Note the dissemination of tumor cells along vascular routes (white arrows). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4366685_F18_369769.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Moussonia
vitiana (Mousson, 1870). 50 Lectotype ZMZ 526756, Fiji, Ovalau, coll. Mousson ex Graeffe 1868, H = 2.02 mm. 51 Viti Levu, Nakorosule limestone outcrop, 30 m, H = 2.24 mm 52 whorl opened to show internal lamellae. Figures 50–51 ×20, Figure 52 ×40 magnification. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzldpb0086ufwar5ejs.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 1 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3071815_pone-0018019-g001_91918.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented |
1H-MRS voxel placement.Visual representation of typical voxel placement for MR spectroscopy. In each patient, NAA concentrations were measured in a visual cortex voxel (VC) and two normal-appearing white matter voxels (NAWM). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3269731_f2-ijms-13-00961_124108.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Sulfated polysaccharide localization in different regions of the E. crassipes determined by histological analysis. Optical microscopy images of the root (A), rhizome (B) petiole (C) and leaf (D) of the E. crassipes showed differences in the staining intensity from toluidine blue represented by the arrows. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4646924_Fig4_444173.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Renal abscess. The T2w HASTE sequence (a) shows an inhomogeneous cystic lesion (arrow) of the upper pole of the left kidney surrounded by a hypointense rim. The lesion is almost isointense to the renal cortex and medulla on the unenhanced T1w image (b). After injection of 0.05 mmol/kg gadobenate dimeglumine the rim surrounding the lesion shows, compared with the renal cortex, delayed but homogeneous contrast uptake (c, d), whereas the central areas remain hypointense without contrast enhancement. The T1w fs image during the equilibrium phase (e) shows persistent enhancement of the rim (arrowheads), indicating a wall of inflammatory tissue surrounding an abscess formation |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3350194_fig2_137533.jpg | What is shown in this image? | CT Urethrocystography (Siemiens). Contrast fills urethra without filling bladder. Left pubic bone has been detected in (a) and (b). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC546208_F4_1173.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Scrib is not localized in focal adhesions in CV-1 cells, and is dispensable for targeting LPP to these structures. Upper panels: CV-1 cells, grown on glass coverslips, were double labelled with Scrib-472 antibodies (left panel) and anti-vinculin antibodies (right panel) used as a marker for focal adhesions. Lower panels: CV-1 cells were transiently transfected with wild-type human LPP (left panel), or LPP with a mutated carboxy-terminus (T610A) (right panel), as GFP-fusions. GFP-fluorescence was visualized by epifluorescence microscopy. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3656842_pone-0064302-g007_205251.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Catabolic response to AGE accumulation in Db mice is attenuated in Tr mice.Representative images of immunohistochemistry for catabolic proteins ADAMTS-5 (top A–I) and MMP13 (bottom, J–R) of NDb, Db and Tr mice (left: 5× magnification). Boxes mark 40× magnified areas of NP (white box; ADAMTS-5 = B,E,H; MMP13 = K,N,Q); and AF (black box; ADAMTS-5 = C,F,I; MMP13 = L,O,R). Scale-bars: left (IVD) = 200 µm; right (NP+AF) = 20 µm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1275.jpg | What does this image show? | brain |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2373891_pone-0002197-g003_21995.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Analysis of EN and GsbN binding sites on polytene chromosomes.Salivary glands from MS1096-Gal4/, UAS-GsbN; UAS-EN L3 larvae were squashed and immunostained with both Rabbit polyclonal anti-EN antibody (detected in red) and guinea-pig polyclonal anti-GsbN antibody (detected in green). DAPI staining was used to visualize the chromosomes. Merged images of the stainings allowed the chromosomal locus identification of common binding sites shown in yellow. Note that chromosomes are presented with the telomere on the left. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4632305_fig4_440678.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Epi induces β-catenin nuclear translocation. HCMa were pretreated with phospho-ERK inhibitor U0126 (10 μmol/l in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)), or solvent alone, and then stimulated with epi 500 μmol/l for 10 min. For indirect immunofluorescence, cells were stained for β-catenin detection with an anti-rabbit FITC-488-conjugated Ab. Negative control rabbit IgG were used in place of a primary rabbit polyclonal antibody to evaluate nonspecific staining. Hoechst 33342 was used for nuclear staining (DAPI). Samples were analyzed by using a confocal microscope, (objective × 63; bars=20 μm) |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glzs557071u2ycaar7i.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Colonoscopy |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_44687.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Extensive biloma (B) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy which partially compresses the liver |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2967056_fig3_77679.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | RNA polymerase II activity in CIS cells. Immunohistochemical detection of RNA polymerase II (A) and its Ser2-phosphorylated variant as measured by the H5 antibody (B). Arrows denotes CIS cells and arrowheads Sertoli cells. Bar represent 50 microns. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3513317_pone-0049468-g010_170219.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Prussian Blue Staining.A) Non-Tg PDFM Cortex B) Tg control Cortex C) Tg PDFM Cortex D) Non-Tg PDFM Hippocampus E) Tg Control Hippocampus F) Tg PDFM Hippocampus. No vascular bleeding was observed in any mice of any groups. All images were captured at 10×magnification. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_kidney/train_1751.jpg | Does this image show renal papillary necrosis, diabetes mellitus dm? | yes |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC1533814_F6_6430.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Yolk sac blood vessels of 9.5 dpc cubilin mutants fail to undergo remodeling. Anti-PECAM-1-labeled vasculature in a 9.5 dpc homozygous embryo (A), a 9.5 dpc wild-type (WT) embryo (littermate to that shown in A) (B), 8.5 dpc wild-type embryo (C) and 11.5 dpc homozygous embryo (D). The inset panel in B shows a higher magnification view of the remodeled yolk sac vasculature in the boxed region of the 9.5 dpc wild-type yolk sac. YS, yolk sac; A, allantois; NF, neural folds; H, heart. Bars in A and B = 500 μm. Bars in C and D = 200 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4376786_pone.0122377.g004_372357.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation |
In vivo cell tracking of intrapericardially delivered pBM-MSCs by cardiac-MRI in non-infarcted hearts.A total of 100x106 SPIO-labeled pBM-MSCs cells were injected into the pericardial cavity of healthy Large White pigs. The MRI was performed using a 1.5T magnetic resonance technology. Images were acquired in four chamber views (A-D) and using a T2-star gradient echo image (E-H). Images taken at day 3 post injection (B-D, F-H) are represented together with the corresponding control images (A, E) taken before injection. The arrows indicate the location of SPIO-labeled cells. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3042371_F3_87712.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Histological and immunohistochemical profile of PECs. Tumor cells showed severe atypia, cytological pleomorphism, high mitotic activity and atypical mitotic figures (Hematoxylin-Eosin, x40)(a). Both epithelioid and spindle cells were diffusely positive for HMB-45 (x200)(b) and Melan-A (x63)(c) antigens in the cytoplasm. The prominent capillary network, but not tumor cells, showed CD34 positive staining (x40)(d). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_uterus/train_1881.jpg | What does this image show? | large senile type endometrial polyp |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4670124_pone.0144361.g005_450501.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Anti-IL18 (A-F) and Thioflavine-T staining (G-L).(A-F) Localization of IL-18. Note the population of resident in untreated (A) and migrating (B- F) immune-responsive cells (arrowheads) located under the epithelium (e) and among the muscle (m). Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue). (G-K) Thioflavin-T method. Amyloid material is stained in yellow (arrowheads). (L) Double-staining of Thioflavin-T (yellow) and macrophage markers CD68 (red) in a cryosection of 3 hours MWCNTs treated leech body wall. Bars in A-E, G-K: 100μm; EDS analysis. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3897560_pone-0086003-g002_260019.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | The histological observation after HMME-SDT on hypertrophic scarring.A: Untreated control group HE staining×200; B: Untreated control group VG staining×200; C:Lesioned group 56 days after epithelialization HE staining×200; D:Lesioned group 56 days after epithelialization, VG staining×200 ; E:Lesioned + Treatment group 56 days after epithelialization, HE staining×200;F:Lesioned + Treatment group 56 days after epithelialization, VG staining×200 |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4196951_pone-0110194-g005_327802.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Examination of early postnatal stages in OC2-KO retinas.To determine whether this decrease in horizontal cells was confined to the fully mature retina, or was present earlier in development, immunohistochemistry was performed on the early postnatal retina. Age-matched animals were processed for either retinal sections (P5) or flatmounts (P10) and stained with an anti-Rhodopsin antibody (A,A’), an anti-Chx10 antibody (B,B’), or an anti-Calbindin 28k antibody (C,C’,D,D’). Scale bars represent 100 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3170356_F1_107961.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Preoperative CT. Preoperative contrast-enhanced CT 3-D reconstruction with arrow demonstrating the 8 cm ilio-iliac AV fistula originating from the proximal right CIA. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3758109_fig03_228153.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Correlation of MIP-GFP expression and 18F-E4Tz12
7 distribution in resected pancreata. A) Green fluorescence indicates islets of Langerhans in a MIP-GFP mouse. B) Distribution of 18F-E4Tz12
7 in vivo in a mouse pancreas, as assessed by autoradiography imaging. C) White-light imaging of the resected pancreas. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxuq8zmg074y7owh9m4b.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | Z-line |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3951278_pone-0090673-g003_273542.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Imaging of slab contours.(A) Acquisition of slab images for a sample internode. (B) Automatic segmentation of slab contours. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4694651_pone.0144650.g002_457168.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Tracking of individual cells perfused at pH 7.5.The panel above displays time-lapsed images captured during the tracking of cells in a colony for a representative experiment at pH 7.5. Images were obtained and analyzed as in Fig 1. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic54972.jpg | is this a contrast or noncontrast mri? | noncontrast |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3689736_pone-0066290-g006_213043.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Synaptophysin immunoreactivity of enteric nerve cell cultures after GDNF treatment.Rat enteric nerve cells were cultured for 3 week without (A-C) or with 50 ng/ml GDNF (D-F). Dual label immunocytochemistry for synaptophysin (green, A, D) and the pan-neuronal marker PGP 9.5 (B, E) was performed. In the merged pictures (C, F) cellular nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). Cell cultures treated with GDNF display punctuate and granular synaptophysin immunoreactivity along ramifying nerve fibers most likely resembling accumulated synaptic vesicles, whereas in untreated cell cultures immunoreactive signals were confined to neuronal somata. Magnification: 40×. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4621742_F2_437680.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Significant gray matter (GM) atrophy in behavioral variant frontotemporal degeneration (bvFTD) and CBS, and regression analysis relating performance to reduced GM density. (A) Regions of reduced GM density in patients with bvFTD relative to healthy seniors (red and green) and regions related to the adjusted accuracy of ambiguous anaphoric reference in bvFTD patients (green). The green cluster is in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) (BA 10/11; peak: 2 60 −8). (B) Regions of reduced GM density in patients with CBS relative to healthy seniors (blue). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2543.jpg | Is liver present? | yes |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3769341_pone-0074519-g007_230858.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | EHD2 and caveolin1 localization to the plasma membrane is independent of intact actin microfilaments.HeLa cells growing on coverslips were treated with DMSO, or with a low (0.3 µM) or high (5 µM) concentration of cytochalasin D for 45 min. The cells were then fixed and stained with antibodies against EHD2 (A–C) or caveolin1 (G–I) along with phaolloidin-488 to visualize actin (D–F, J–L). After incubation with fluorochrome-conjugated secondary antibody, the cells were analyzed by confocal microscopy. Insets depict the regions in the dashed boxes. Bar, 10 µm. The confocal micrographs are representative of three independent experiments with 0.3 µM cytochalasin D, and two independent experiments with 5 µM cytochalasin D. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2989524_F0003_79310.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Reconstructed sagittal CT scan (a) and coronal CT scan (b) shows undisplaced type 2 fracture of the odontoid in a 26 years old male. The patients was treated (c) conservatively with halo vest immobilization |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2217549_F7_16816.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | nr4a2a is expressed in a population of differentiating neurons. (A-H") Dorsal views of 48 hpf embryos hybridized with lmx1b.1 and sox2 (A-B"), nr4a2a and sox2 (C-D"), nr4a2a and gfap (E-F"), or nr4a2a and elavl3 (G-H") probes show that nr4a2a is not expressed in progenitor cells, but in early differentiating cells. A, C, E and G show dorsal overviews of the head, at the level of the ventral diencephalon. High magnifications of the posterior tubercular area are reported on the right side of each overview. All the images are single confocal planes, except G, which is a 22 μm confocal projection. Anterior is to the left. Scale bars: 50 μm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2949.jpg | Is cardiovascular present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4625171_f3_438613.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | (a) In vivo US image of a lymph node. (b) In vivo PAT image of methylene blue dye. (c) Co-registered PAT-US image of the SLN. (d) Radiograph of ex vivo SLN showing the presence of the tissue marking clip. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3514125_F1_170347.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Time course of hydronephrosis. (A) Abdominal computed tomography. Initial presentation; mild to moderate bilateral hydronephrosis. (B) Abdominal computed tomography. Persistent hydronephrosis despite ureteral stent placement in right kidney. (C) Abdominal computed tomography. Persistent hydronephrosis after exploratory laparoscopy and right oophorectomy. (D) Ultrasound of right kidney. (D1) Mild hydronephrosis prior to reduction of fluid intake. (D2) Resolution of hydronephrosis after fluid intake reduction. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_21647.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Computed tomography view of left ventricular ring calcification (arrowed) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3777770_f0055_232429.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Automated segmentation at various cross-sections of the MICCAI private data UNC_test1_Case12. First column: T1; second column: T2; third column: FLAIR; fourth column: segmented; and fifth column: boundaries of the segmented lesions superimposed on FLAIR images. Color scheme is same as Fig. 2. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4498813_pone.0132384.g001_405158.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | FMDV infection in BHK-21 cells.(A) Photomicrographs of BHK-21 cells infected with FMDV serotype Asia1 at MOI = 1 PFU/cell or mock-infected for the indicated hours post infection (h.p.i.). Images were taken at an original magnification of 100×. (B) Confirmation of FMDV capsid proteins in the cell lysate at the indicated h.p.i. by western blot using the pig anti-FMDV Asia 1 serum as primary antibody. Actin was used as loading control. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3399802_pone-0041006-g003_145710.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Transmission electron microscopy of hemozoin-like crystals.TEM images of hemozoin-like crystals reveal needle-like particles with a fibrillar aspect. Magnifications: X 28 000 (A), X 75 000 (B), X 155 000 (C). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gles4bz071u8fr012hd.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4232194_F0001_336205.jpg | What is shown in this image? | (A): Initial cranial CT-scan showing an acute left hemispheric cerebellar hematoma (about 2 cm in diameter) and a fourth ventricular hemorrhage. (B): Control CT-scan performing about 32 hours of onset revealing an important increase of hematoma volume: diameter about three times as large |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3398039_pone-0039024-g001_145215.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Laser Confocal Microscopy images of Aiptasia pulchella host (Hm) and dinoflagellate symbiont (Sm) mitochondria stained red with mitotracker ™ fluoroprobe.A) Control; B and C) Thermal stress treated individuals with highlighted expanded windows; D) Host cell caspase activation in thermal stressed individual anemones shown by rhodamine 110 green fluorescence (arrow) and degraded tissue sections induced by 0.5% colchicine incubation as a positive control (E). Scale Bar: 10 µm. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic13036.jpg | is this a ct scan? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4572617_Fig2_424082.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging findings: pancreatic nodule with low signal intensity on T1-weighted images (lesion arrow) (a) and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images (nodule arrow) (b) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4350965_fig5_364395.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Histological analysis using immunofluorescence staining after 4 weeks of treatment with oleanolic acid, metformin, or the combination. (a) Double immunofluorescence of α-actin (green fluorescence) and G-6-Pase (red fluorescence) from the pancreas of different groups; merged figures are shown on the right. (b) Double immunofluorescence of α-actin (green fluorescence) and PEPCK1 (red fluorescence) from the pancreas of different groups; merged figures are shown on the right. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2295.jpg | Is left ventricle hypertrophy present? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4438917_f3-mmr-12-01-0995_388297.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Immunohistochemical analysis of the impact of Brachyury expression on E-cadherin and N-cadherin expression in lung cancer. In Brachyury-negative (A), (B) and (C) and Brachyury-positive (D), (E) and (F) lung tissues, serial sections were stained with anti-Brachyury (A) and (D), anti-E-cadherin (B) and (E) and anti-N-cadherin (C) and (F) antibodies for immunohistochemical analysis. Magnification, ×200; red bar, 50 μm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3316138_F6_132172.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | High resolution X-ray images of a 7 day tumor in a mouse after heparin treatment and bare-AuNP injection. (a), (b) and (d) are images taken from subcutaneous tumor areas whereas (c) refers to a normal tissue region. The two arrows in (b) mark the normal vessels; the arrowhead marks tumor vessels that show extravascular diffusion of the bare-AuNPs. (d) shows abnormal microvasculature, especially in the two marked squares, with bare-AuNPs diffused out of the microvessles. Scale bars: 10 μm (a and b) and 25 μm (c and d) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3909196_pone-0087676-g001_263150.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | A modified implant and postoperative radiograph of patient 1.A color photograph (A) showing C1-2 transarticular hooks and C1 laminar hooks implant. Postoperative lateral and anteroposterior view radiographs (B) demonstrating the satisfactory position of implants. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3614758_F2_196126.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | The expression of NEP (A, E, I, M, R), synaptopodin (B, F, J, N, S) and CR1 (C, G, K, O, T) in NK (A, B, C), IMGN (E, F, G), MesPGN with moderate proliferation of mesangial cells (I, J, K), MesPGN with high proliferation of mesangial cells (M, N, O) and MPGN (R, S, T). The pictures D, H, L, P, and U represent negative controls (D to A, H to E, L to I, P to N, and U to T) (magnification 400×). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2666639_F9_37029.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Altered morphology of MCF-10AT cells in grown for 20 days in embedded three-dimensional culture. Differential interference contrast (DIC) images (A, E) show that MCF-10AT cells grown under these conditions form irregular acini but not the multi-acinar structures seen in overlay cultures (see Figure 2). Nuclei were stained with Draq5 (B, F). Apoptosis, cell:cell junctions, and basement membrane formation were assessed by confocal microscopy with caspase-3 (C), cadherin (G), β4 integrin (D), and Laminin V (H) staining. Scale bars, 10 μm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4320216_Fig4_356178.jpg | Describe the following image in detail |
A 28-year-old patient with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and hip osteonecrosis presented with painful shoulders. The plain x-rays (a, b) were negative. The axial fat suppressed T2-w TSE MR images (c) showed a small ON lesion in both humerus head. Because of the severity symptoms it was decided to undergo to the surgical treatment with core decompression. For preoperative planning reasons he underwent to a typical MRI (T1-W STIR) in order to have a more accurate evaluations of the lesions size (d). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3112229_pone-0020828-g004_98652.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Immunohistochemistry for ACE2.(A) ACE2 stained RV, (B) control RV, (C) ACE2 stained kidney, (D) control kidney. 400× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3306084_f2-jovr-6-2-131_130452.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Serial anterior segment optical coherence tomographic images of the right eye of the patient (horizontal cut) showing: (a) nasal graft dislocation one week after DSAEK with presence of peripheral anterior synechiae; (b) apposition of the graft one month after suture fixation; (c) gradual thinning of the posterior lamella at the site of previous dislocation at 6 months; and (d) normal peripheral corneal thickness with a mild increase in echogenicity suggestive of scarring at 1 year, the peripheral anterior synechiae persisted despite intervention. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1172.jpg | What does this image show? | lung |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic20605.jpg | what type of imaging modality is shown? | us - ultrasound |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08781.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Computed tomography angiography with three-dimensional reconstruction showing an aneurysm of proper hepatic artery. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3144199_pone-0021870-g005_103507.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | TEM images.Electron micrographs showing the ANP-CHF time course aggregation at pH 7.4 (A,B,C,D) and at pH 7.4 (E,F,G,H). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4177245_Fig6_322996.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner |
Additional findings in fibroblasts A. Western blot of extracts from cells from control (CB) or affected (PA) individual with goat anti-human CatD antibody, indicating 53-kDa proenzyme precursor (preCatD) and the processed 33 kDa heavy chain (CatD) of cathepsin-D. Detection of β-actin demonstrated similar amounts of protein loading for patient and control lysates. B. Cumulative cell numbers calculated at each passage over a 30 day period. C. Phase images of CB (left) and PA (right) fibrobasts. Arrows indicate translucent vacuoles present in many of the PA cells. Electron micrographs of normal (D) and patient (E) fibroblasts. F. Nucleus (N) from patient’s fibroblast surrounded by a dense band of filamentous material. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_23337.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Chest X-ray showed complete resolution of diffuse interstitial changes after prednisolone therapy. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_heart/train_2731.jpg | Is cardiovascular present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3443279_Fig10_155114.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | THIDs in a 38-year-old man with chronic liver disease. a Pre-contrast MRI, b arterial phase, c 2 min, d 3 min, e IP, f OP, g T2, h DWI B500. Heterogeneous liver with nodular contour. Fluffy hyperintense areas in the arterial phase (arrows), not seen in the other sequences |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2628537_BJ1-93-02-0176-f01_32858.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Colour fundus photograph and StratusOCT fast macular scan of the right eye of a patient with dry age-related macular degeneration (patient A). (A) Multiple large soft drusen temporal to the macula. (B) Six standard OCT radial scans showing only two frames show small drusen (arrowhead). (C) Radial lines indicating the positions and directions of the six radial scans. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3225608_Fig4_117423.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Radiological assessment of surgically treated groups. a A preoperative X-ray of a 33 year old heavy manual laborer in the RTEN group. b Immediate postoperative anteroposterior radiograph showing good alignment. c Follow-up radiograph at the 3rd month at 45° cephalic tilt showing complete bone consolidation. d A preoperative radiograph of a 40 year old heavy manual laborer with a displaced midshaft clavicular fracture with some comminution (patient was in the plate group). e Immediate postoperative anteroposterior radiograph showing good alignment. f Follow-up radiograph with complete bone union at 6 months |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4338671_F5_361741.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | A series of clinical photographs of patient A before treatment (A), immediately after treatment (B), 2 months after treatment (C), and 12 months after treatment (D). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3271098_pone-0030698-g003_124403.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Phenotype of Rdh10βgeo gene trap allele.(A) Wild type and (B) homozygous Rdh10βgeo/βgeo embryos were collected at E9.5 (Rdh10βgeo/βgeo n = 9). Wild type (C) and Rdh10βgeo/trex compound heterozygous (D) embryos were collected at E9.75 (n = 6). Formalin-fixed embryos were stained with DAPI and imaged by confocal microscopy. For each embryo, a Z-stack of confocal slices was collapsed to form a “pseudo-SEM” image. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4531496_Fig7_413725.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | H&E staining of organ infiltration by vector control, Oct4A KD1 and OCT4A KD2 HEY cells. Representative H&E images of pancreas, liver, kidney, small and large bowels in mice injected with HEY vector control, Oct4A KD1 and Oct4A KD2 cells (n = 4/mouse group). Images show vector control cells infiltrating all organs with the exception of the kidneys. Oct4A KD cells do not undergo organ infiltration with tumour deposits only found within sections of adipose tissue. Arrows indicate tumour cells invading respective organs. Magnification is set at 100x. Scale bar represents 100 μM |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3247225_pone-0028863-g002_120390.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details |
Mist1−/− pancreata develop periductal accumulations of inflammatory cells in response to ethanol feeding.Representative photomicrographs of Gomori's trichrome stained pancreatic sections from WT (A, B) and Mist1−/− mice (C, D) fed a LDC-HF (A, C) or LDC-E (B, D) diet for 6 weeks. Higher magnification images from the same sections (Ai–Di) were used to highlight specific morphological events. Cellular accumulations (arrowhead) surrounding ducts (*) and adipose accumulations (arrow) were observed only in LDC-E fed Mist1−/− mice. (E, F) Immunofluorescent analysis for the T-lymphocyte marker CD4 (E) indicated that these accumulations consisted of lymphocytes (arrowhead). Sections were co-stained with DAPI (F) to reveal all cells. Magnification bars = 40 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3735535_pone-0071428-g001_223220.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Dental microwear photosimulations in 2D and 3D.Example of photosimulations in two dimensions (A–D) and three dimensions (E–H) of the browser
Sylvicapra
grimmia
. Scans are from four adjacent areas (totaling ~204 x 276 µm2, with each scan representing and area of ~102 x 138µm2). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4510478_f0025_408076.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Surgical implantation and electrophysiological study. (A) Rat sciatic injury model having a 10 mm gap was created. (B) The fabricated nerve conduits were implanted within the gap and sutured to the proximal and distal ends of the nerve stump. (C) Experimental setup for conducting NCV and CMAP studies with the nerve stimulator (white) and recording electrode (black). The nerve stimulator is placed once at the distal end (i) and again at the proximal end (ii) of the implanted conduit (apparent position shown in red) to record NCV through the conduit. The recording electrode is kept fixed near the ankle of the animal. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3948907_Fig16_273096.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Imaging of ganglioneuroma. An 18-year-old woman with incidentally detected mass on ultrasound at age of 12. Subsequent biopsy showed ganglioneuroma on histology. a Contrast-enhanced CT scan shows a well-defined lobulated hypodense mass (arrow) in right retroperitoneum without invading any of the adjacent structures. b Axial T2-weighted MRI image shows hyperintense signal from the myxoid stroma (arrow). c Axial T1-weighted image post gadolinium shows mild gradual enhancement (arrow) |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3457985_pone-0046340-g007_157170.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Arf4 overexpression promotes dendritic spine development in mouse primary neurons.(A–B′) Neurons transfected with GFP-β-actin alone (A–A′) or together with Arf4-HA (B–B′) at DIV5 and imaged at DIV12 (n = 9–10 neurons). (C–D′) Neurons transfected with GFP-β-actin alone (C–C′) or together with Arf4-HA (D–D′) at DIV5 and imaged at DIV14 (n = 8–10 neurons). (E–F′) Neurons transfected with GFP-β-actin alone (E–E′) or together with Arf4-HA (F–F′) at DIV5 and imaged at DIV19 (n = 8–9 neurons). (G) Averaged spine density of neurons transfected with GFP-β-actin alone or with GFP-β-actin plus Arf4-HA at several time points. All data are mean±SEM. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07271.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Transverse image of the anterior aspect of the M. vastus intermedius and M. rectus femoris. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4461731_fig1_394968.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | (a) Frontal and (b) orthopantomographic view of the case before treatment. The image of the primer copings on (c) cast model (d) and intraoral examination. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3350272_fig1_137577.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Axial and coronal CT scan images showing vertex epidural haematoma in preoperative course. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4580300_Fig5_426271.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Photomicrography of rASC-GFP+ identification in topic (a) and grafted (b) ovaries marked in dark brown. In (c) negative control. Note that the cellular morphology was similar in both groups. Scale bar 200 μm. Immunofluorescence of rat ovarian sections with double labeling for GFP+ and von Willebrand Factor (vWF) in topic (d) and freshly grafted (e) ovaries. The arrows indicate rASCs that co-express GFP (Green) and VWF (red). Cell nuclei are shown in blue (DAPI). Scale bar 20 μm. z = zoom 2× |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3056366_F0006_89865.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Rib tuberculosis – patient 7. Ultrasonography of the chest wall shows a hypoechoic collection with internal echoes (arrow) overlying the ribs (curved arrow) |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_78514.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Cranial computerized tomography scan. The figure shows areas that are hypodense in the white matter surface, predominantly bilateral posterior and right frontal, as well as in the right internal white capsule, suggestive of acutesubacute ischemic lesions in the context of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3728782_f2-tm-03-42_221623.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Sonographic anatomyof the brachial interscalenic plexus. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3441479_pone-0044908-g002_154658.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Subcellular localization of various organelle markers in Populus protoplasts.(A) Plasma membrane; (B) Golgi apparatus; (C) Nucleus; (G) Peroxisome; (H) endoplasmic reticulum (ER); (I) An ubiquitously-localized protein (RACK1, Receptor for Activated C-protein Kinase 1). Shown in (D), (E), (F), (J), (K) and (L) are bright field images for fluorescent images of (A), (B), (C), (G), (H) and (I), respectively. The organelle markers were fused with mCherry fluorescent protein, and RACK1 was fused with YFP fluorescent protein. The mCherry signal was separated from chloroplast autofluorescence using spectral imaging and linear unmixing. The mCherry and YFP signals are false-colored green and the chloroplast autofluorescence is shown in red. Scale bar, 1 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4320174_Fig11_356144.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Coral leaf
. (a) original image. The rest are images processed using the following methods (b) HE, (c) ICM, (d) UCM, (e) PDSCC, (f) Proposed method. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2804621_F2_54578.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Pelvic radiograph after left hip hemiarthroplasty. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3783365_f4_233594.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Treatment with total flavonoids from Flos Puerariae (TFF) attenuated the thickening of the retinal capillary basement membrane. n=4 per group. Eight electrophotographs of each group were analyzed. A–E: The electron micrograph images were representatives the transverse sections of retinal capillaries of the control (A), DM (B), 50 mg/kg TFF-treated (C), 100 mg/kg TFF-treated (D) and 200 mg/kg TFF-treated (E) group (Scale bar=4 μm). F-J:The enlarged views of A-E were showed. K: The BM thicknesses of retinal capillaries in different group were measured.. Data are expressed as mean ±standard deviation; n=4 per group. ※p<0.01. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2766900_F0024_48848.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Thirteen millimeter coronal PET images in a 64-year-old man with an abnormal CT scan of the chest. The patient had a history of talc pleurodesis for recurrent right pleural effusion, which is responsible for the intense pleura-based FDG activity around the right lung |
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