image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qd1epj08327rbr0nvb.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4484564_fig2_400836.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Histopathological examination: fibrous connective tissue partly covered by an intact nondysplastic squamous epithelium. The corial connective tissue is infiltrated by nonkeratinizing squamous cells with pleomorphism of size and nuclei, corresponding to a moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (HE-staining, magnification ×20, ×50, and ×100). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4674590_fig2_452442.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | CT scan of the head without contrast 12 days after trauma: (a) axial cut (bone window) cannot show obvious fractures; (b) sagittal cut of the reconstructed CT demonstrates a fracture line in the right temporal bone (arrow). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4558578_f4_420282.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | SEM images of the smaller spheres without patches and the growing spheres in different stages to form a layer structure: (b) starting growing, (c) several “patches” form, (d) patches encounter with each other to form one layer. Pictures are taken from different spheres. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4198620_Fig5_328333.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. |
Intra-operative TOE images demonstrating absence of colour doppler flow across region of VSD after direct surgical closure of the defect.
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ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic25635.jpg | what type of imaging is this? | xr - plain film |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3777955_pone-0075727-g003_232599.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Live-dead assay of mMSC in hydrogels a continuous seven days in culture.A, day 1; B, day 3; C, day 5; D, day 7. The living cells were stained with calcein AM (green) and the dead cells were stained with EthD-1 (red). The images of E and F showed top and side views of a 3D cell-gel construct at day 7, respectively. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3522706_pone-0051773-g007_173377.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Morphological characterization of cavin-1-associated strucures in transgenic Toxoplasma.IFA on Toxoplasma expressing cavin-1-HA using anti-HA antibodies. A series of z-stacks are shown on parasites with a nuclear staining (panel a) or a vesicular staining at the cell periphery as demonstrated by the overlay of fluorescence with the corresponding phase contract images. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic33504.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | facial trauma s/p mva |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvn90ys074y3vzt2e8r.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2040141_F2_14277.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Barium swallow. Dilated esophagus with retained column of barium and "bird's beaking" suggestive of achalasia. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_23545.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Unenhanced CT image of the brain shows hypodense subdural fluid collections involving both frontal convexities (arrows). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4273550_fig2_345943.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | 3D SPGR FS, FOV 5 cm. Axial sections of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) at the level of the fibular neck. The CPN is approximately half the diameter of the tibial nerve and therefore contains fewer fascicles. It travels along the lateral aspect of the fibular neck and divides into two main branches, the deep and superficial peroneal nerves (arrows). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_63337.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | T2W sagittal image of patient 1, showing metastases in the occipital bone and oedema of the cerebellum. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1474.jpg | What is present? | endocrine |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1633.jpg | Does this image show ischemic bowel? | yes |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4235171_F2_337090.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Imaging of CT. A) Axial contrast enhanced CT demonstrates the pseudoaneurysm (an oval structure) arising from the lower pole of the left kidney, the pseudoaneurysm was located near the percutaneous nephrostomy tract. B-D) Coronal reformatted (B), maximum intensity projection (C) and volume rendering (D) images of CT angiography reveal the pseudoaneurysm (arrow) arising from the lower polar segmental artery. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2610388_fig3_31851.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | (a), (b) Preoperative ascending cystogram of a patient with G III
cystocoele and severe SUI. (c), (d) Postoperative ascending cystogram of the same patient, 6 weeks after Prolift and TVT-O insertion. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3115923_F5_99090.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | The use of a GFP visual marker to rapidly identify transgenic callus and shoots of safflower. (A) GFP expression in proximal end of the cotyledon two weeks after Agrobacterium infection. (B) Shoot bud initiation from the proximal end of cotyledon in the presence of 18 mg l-1 hygromycin after four weeks of co-cultivation (C-D) Transformed shoots regenerating on selection media in presence of 18 mg l-1 hygromycin (E) Visualization of GFP signals in guard cells of a transgenic leaf. (F) A non-transformed leaf/shoot showing no GFP signal and low background fluorescence. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_01431.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | AP pelvis x-ray post bilateral THR. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic36113.jpg | is this a t2 weighted image? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4506405_Fig2_407201.jpg | Describe the following image in detail |
a The small round cell tumor arranged mainly in a predominantly solid pattern with a vague alveolar pattern noted focally (in the lower right portion of the image). The majority of the tumor cells are primitive in appearance. Occasional tumor cells with more abundant brightly fibrillar eosinophilic cytoplasm, consistent with rhabdomyoblasts (as indicated by arrows) are noted. (Hematoxylin and eosin stain, original magnification ×400). b On immunohistochemistry, the tumor cells are positive for myogenin and indicative of rhabdomyogenic differentiation. (Immunohistochemical staining for myogenin, original magnification ×400). c Typical fusion transcript of PAX3-FOXO1 was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, confirming the diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4090901_F7_305084.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | (A–D) SEM images of the Si master substrates, prepared via optical lithography and RIE, having angled etch profiles of 0°, 15°, 30°, and 45°, respectively. (E–H) SEM images of the h-PUA nanohairs, 2 μm length and 400 nm diameter, replicated from the masters shown in (A–D). Scale bar = 400 nm. From Jeong et al. (2010a). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3919909_f5-ol-07-03-0827_266021.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Acridine orange staining for autophagy. The cells were grown on coverslips, treated with IFN-α and/or cisplatin for 48 h and then stained with acridine orange. Autophagic vacuoles were observed and imaged using a fluorescence microscope (magnification, ×400). IFN, interferon. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2766900_F0024_48851.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Thirteen millimeter coronal PET images in a 64-year-old man with an abnormal CT scan of the chest. The patient had a history of talc pleurodesis for recurrent right pleural effusion, which is responsible for the intense pleura-based FDG activity around the right lung |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3488028_F4_163639.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Case 3. The chest radiograph (a) showed diffuse nonspecific alveolar infiltrates. Chest computed tomography (b) revealed areas of ground-glass attenuation interspersed with normal areas, as well as a bilateral pleural effusion. The bronchioloalveolar lavage showed many blue hemosiderin-laden macrophages consistent with diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (c, Perls’ stain, x400). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2097.jpg | Where is this part in? | spleen |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3584034_pone-0057613-g001_188669.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Detection of EpCAM in paraffin embedded tissue using aptamers and antibodies.Immunofluorescence staining of breast cancer (T47D, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231), colon cancer (HT-29) and glioblastoma (U118MG) xenograft tumors by EpCAM antibody, 323/A3, and EpCAM aptamers, DT3 and Ep23, and control aptamer (Blue: nuclei; Red: EpCAM positive staining). Aptamer staining was performed for 15 min at 37°C, while 323/A3 staining was performed at 4°C overnight. All fluorescent images were taken under a confocal microscope with×60 magnification. Images are representative of at least three separate experiments. Scale bar: 50 µm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_17348.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | The upper and lower border of the arch of the aorta are located at the 22 cm distance as a rounded vascular structure |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv4902w074y35cc50x6.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | Z-line |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3583645_f1-ijo-41-06-2073_188512.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Lymphatic sinuses of lymph nodes express Prox-1. Immunofluorescence staining for LYVE-1, Prox-1 and CD31 depict lymphatic endothelial cells of lymphatic/medullary sinuses and blood vessels in the cortical and paracortical zone of sentinel lymph nodes. (A and B) *Medullary sinuses positive for LYVE-1 (A, green) and high endothelial venules positive for CD31 (A, red, arrowhead). (C and D) *Medullary sinuses positive for Prox-1 (C, green nuclei) and high endothelial venules positive for CD31 (A, red, arrowhead); A and B, scale bar 100 μm; C and D, scale bar 50 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_42526.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | T2 preoperative magnetic resonance imaging - high intensity signal lesion was found in the posterior mediastinum, suggestive of a bronchogenic cyst |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2762176_F0003_47997.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | (a) Case of implant failure with bent K-nail; (b,c) postoperative radiographs after implant removal with well aligned fracture and expandable nail in place. (d) Follow up X-rays showing radiological union |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4369834_Fig8_370517.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner |
The effect of chicken CSF1-Fc in macrophage concentration in tissues detected by whole mount imaging of MacRed chick. Hatchlings were dosed subcutaneously with 50 μg chicken CSF1-Fc or PBS on hatch day (day 0), day 1, day 2 and day 3, then sacrificed 24 hours after the final injection. Tissues were collected quickly following the sacrifice of the chicks, and put in ice-cold PBS for imaging under UV light using a red fluorescence filter for the same exposure time. (A) Skin biopsy, 40× magnification. (B) Inner surface of the rectum, split open, 80× magnification. (C) Cecum, 12.5× magnification. PBS, phosphate-buffered saline. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4656245_Fig4_446848.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description |
a Axial T2-weighted fast spin-echo image (5525/110). b Axial DWI image with b value = 1000. c ADC map showing mild restricted diffusion phenomena of water molecules in the hypointense focus detected on T2-weighted images (white arrows).d gradient-echo T1-weighted subtracted image and e colour DCE MR map displaying mild enhancement of the stromal nodule. According to the PIRADSv2 scoring system, the score for T2, DCE and DWI is, respectively: 2, − and 3; the overall score is 3, which means the presence of clinically significant cancer is equivocal. f Photomicrograph (50×) showing the BPH stromal nodule |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyvdoj0086u1bwle0s4.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glls4mj071uaz64hgj3.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4229189_pone-0112482-g007_335505.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Polar localization of PE_PGRS30 during Mtb macrophage infection.Macrophages (J774) were infected with the Mtb
GFP, Mtb-PEGRS30GFP and Mtb-PE_PGRS33GFP and cells washed and fixed at 1 h and 6 days post-infection. Supernatants from infected macrophages at 6 days post-infection were harvested and used to infect fresh J774 macrophages, that 1 day later were washed and harvested. Slides containing infected macrophages harvested at the different time-points were analyzed at the confocal microscopy and images were obtained using a 63× objective. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4609855_fig4_434504.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Lymphocytic infiltration. (a–d) CD45+ve cells at day 7 of control animals (a), UUO operated animals (b), UUO animals with Ac-SDKP treatment (c), and UUO animals with Captopril treatment (d). Magnification (400x). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3962248_MCU008F5_276060.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Double labelling of ultrathin sections from transgenic rice samples in different developmental stages. (A and D) 14 daf; (B and E) 17 daf; (C and F) 25 daf. (A–C) Double labelling with anti-R2-HMW and rice prolamin antibodies. (D–F) Double labelling with anti-R2-HMW and rice glutelin antibodies. The small (10 nm) gold particles identify the prolamin/glutelin proteins (black arrowheads); the larger (silver enhanced) gold particles identify the HMW Dx5 GS proteins (white arrowheads). PBS, a novel type of protein body. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4214441_f5-ol-08-06-2691_331438.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Histopathological image of the lesion (hematoxylin and eosin staining; magnification, ×40). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2738668_F1_44931.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Light-microscopy of a representative Glomerulum and the tubulus-interstitium (A, B) and ultrastructure of a glomerulum with missing podocytes and thin basements without deposits (C, D). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_80450.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Ankylosed spine fractures in lateral radiogram of the thoracic vertebrae, arrows showed sawtooth aspect fractures. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pu1e3v083257f95du5.jpg | Are there any instruments in the image? | No |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pr1dz708324vqggbpb.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3933414_F3_269163.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Histopathologic features of the surgical SCC lesion. (A) Hematoxylin and eosin staining of the lesion showing a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. (B) Peripheral region showing residual venous malformations (C, magnification) and phlebolith (D, magnification). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4007634_F2_285279.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Homesteads mapped on satellite imagery. Images from June 2007 were obtained from DigitalEarth’s QuickBird satellite at a resolution between 2.4 m – 10 m per pixel. Data points were geo-referenced with UTM zone 35S, WGS 1984. Three homesteads can be seen grouped around Mapanza clinic. This image is representative of those used in the analysis from Google Earth. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3388010_F3_143617.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | FE-SEM images of the as-synthesized hollow magnetite microspheres obtained at different magnification. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4331600_Fig3_359419.jpg | Describe the following image in detail |
Histologic examination revealed new bone remodeling. A. Histological sections at 5 months after surgery show remodeling of new bone around the autogenous fresh demineralized tooth (auto-FDT) graft (H&E staining, ×200). Some auto-FDT fragments show resorption signs (asterisk). B. Fusion-like integration between two matrices of the graft and new bone at the interface can be observed (asterisk; Masson’s trichrome staining, ×200). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3697400_fig4_214844.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Alterations in functional connectivity with the left primary visual cortex (a) and the right primary visual cortex (b) between anisometropic amblyopic subjects and mixed amblyopic individuals are shown (P < 0.01, 130 voxels, AlphaSim corrected, P
alpha = 0.01). The details of the regions can be found in Table 3. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_65697.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | 38-year-old female presented with a 2-month history of severe neck pain and swelling of the neck, gray scale ultrasound image of the thyroid gland in a transverse plane shows multiple, taller than wide, irregular, poorly marginated, markedly hypoechoic lesions in both lobes, predominantly the right lobe with tiny, scattered, intralesional microcalcifications (solid arrow represents the sampled nodule; hollow arrows represent rest of the nodules) (multifocal papillary carcinoma thyroid; thyroid imaging reporting and data system category 5). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glfs4d7071u447u26s7.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2627819_F2_32604.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | HRCT scan obtained with lung window shows diffuse peribronchovascular thickening and small nodules bilaterally. There are also nodules in the fissures and interlobular septal thickening. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4666588_pone.0143978.g001_449320.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Representative photomicrographs of immunofluorescent staining.Bcl-xL (red), TPH (green) and double immunofluorescence for TPH and Bcl-xL are shown in the rat ventral part of the dorsal nucleus (DRNv), and at higher magnification in the random insets 1 and 2 as indicated in the DRNv TPH picture. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_29343.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Anteroposterior radiograph of left shoulder reveals no lytic sclerotic lesion, calcification, or cortical destruction. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4215922_pone-0110399-g004_332003.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Spatial representation of sub-endocardial electrogram parameters during sub-endocardial pacing from the apex (left panels) and base of the left ventricle (right panels).Two dimensional space is based on spherical coordinates derived from needle locations, representing elevation (−1 = apex to +1 = base), and azimuth (−2 = mid lateral to +2 = anterior). Numbered contours represent parameters derived from unipolar contact electrograms represented in milliseconds (ms) for activation time (AT) and millivolts (mV) for V-P and VP-P corresponding to panels from top to bottom respectively. Solid arrows represent preferential path of activation. Dotted arrows represent the approximate electrophysiological gradient of V-P and VP-P away from the stimulus site. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2222648_F1_16998.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Computer tomography (CT) scans showing site and fusion state of sutures obtained from craniosynostosis patients. A) Posterior and superior (left and right) view of patient #58 indicating where unfused, fusing and fused sutures were obtained from. p, parietal bone; o, occipital bone; f, frontal bone. B) MicroCT image demonstrating a fusing and unfused suture. Scale 1 mm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_03873.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Abdominal CT: heterogeneous hepatic masse misdiagnosed as GIST |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4266916_Fig1_344867.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details |
Atlas of the larynx and its substructures on consecutive axial computed tomography (CT) slices: the thyroid cartilage is depicted in green, the cricoid cartilage in orange, the arytenoid cartilages in purple, the suprahyoid epiglottis in red, the infrahyoid epiglottis in cyan, the aryepiglottic fold/false vocal folds in blue, the supraglottic larynx in yellow, the glottic larynx in lavender, and the subglottic larynx in magenta. (A) Individual substructures of the larynx. (B) Major divisions of the larynx. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3002900_F3_81233.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Preoperative CT scan. CT bone window shows partial osteolysis of the bone flap, due to osteomyelitic process. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3785031_f1_234087.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Macroscopic and histological comparison of uninfected and infected CAMs of embryonated chicken eggs. Viruses (CNPV, PEPV, Pi2, FGPV, RP2, LD2, Pi5, FeP2, LD1, FeP1, RP1, and Pi1; see Table 1 for abbreviations) (103 p.f.u.) were inoculated onto the CAMs of 10–11-day-old embryonated chicken eggs. (a) Differences in pock morphology and degree of inflammation of the CAM tissue. Other observations are given in Table 2. Magnification 10×, H&E stain. Bar, 200 µm. (b) High-magnification comparison of an uninfected CAM and CAMs infected with 103 p.f.u. PEPV, FeP2 and RP1 . Magnification 40×, H&E stain. Bar, 50 µm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_2769.jpg | Does chloramphenicol toxicity show thermal burned skin? | no |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2908.jpg | Does this image show liver, cirrhosis alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency? | yes |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4242995_F3_338858.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | A) Perineural invasion was observed (arrow). B) The tumor had invaded to the adjacent muscle (arrows) (hematoxylin-eosin, magnification ×100). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3847293_F7_247451.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | TriTag-3-GFP distribution in N. benthamiana leaf epidermal cells. Images of GFP expression (a, d, g), chlorophyll autofluorescence (b, e, h), and composite (c, f, i) of three different cells were generated by confocal microscopy. Arrows indicate fluorescing peroxisomes. While a clear cellular periphery is not distinguishable in the GFP signal, essentially no fluorescence is observed in the cytosol. Scale bars 25 μm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2930.jpg | What is present? | testicle |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3750272_F6_226257.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Effect of F-actin stabilization on MV budding. Electron microscopic analysis of ultrathin sections of MV-infected Vero cells either left without treatment (A, control), or treated with 0.2 μM Jaspla at 12 h p.i. (B and C). White-line marked areas show accumulations of RNPs in the cytoplasm. Black-boxed areas on upper panels are shown at higher magnifications in lower panels. Black arrows indicate RNPs inside viral particles; white arrows indicate RNPs beneath the plasma membrane. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3174928_F1_108846.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Chest radiograph showing left basilar scarring with blunting of the left costophrenic angle. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4438191_fig1_388040.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | CBCT scans images showing the large concave bone resorption due to peri-implant diseases involving implant-supported rehabilitation of 2.5 and 2.6. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08175.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Preoperative angiography with 5F pigtail catheter in descending thoracic aorta (DTA) shows a large aortopulmonary collateral (APC) filling of both the right and left pulmonary arteries (RPA and LPA, respectively). Arrow points to the atretic pulmonary valve |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3285669_pone-0032249-g005_127287.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Enhanced VEGF-A expression in β cells but not α cells in TG mice.(A) Double immunostaining of VEGF-A with insulin or glucagon in pancreatic sections from TG mice and control mice. Enhanced VEGF-A staining (red) in TG mice is completely merged with insulin staining (green to yellow) but not with glucagon staining (green). (B) Quantitative analysis of VEGF-A staining levels in the islets of TG and control mice. We measured the staining levels of VEGF-A per unit area by using NIS-Elements (Nikon) and Image-J (NIH). Six mice were analyzed for each genotype and representative images are shown. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2350.jpg | What is present? | spleen |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3084165_F3_93610.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Image intensifier lateral views showing reduction maneuver using K-wires. Serial views show the use of two proximal K-wires as a joystick to reduce the proximal ulnar deformity. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic57958.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | ewings sarcoma of the skull |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3807810_f0020_239356.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | A 2D view of 3D US of three fetuses with GA around 29 weeks before (a) and after (b) alignment with the MRI. After alignment the view shows the transventricular plane in all three cases. Compare to pseudo US image (c). Note that CP, CSP and VC are visible, while cerebellum does not appear, as expected in transventricular plane. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2963746_F0001_76801.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | MRI of the brain in June, Axial FLAIR (A,B) and sagittal STIR-FLAIR (C) images show bilateral signal hyperintensity of the supratentorial white matter of the brain. The signal abnormalities have a predilection for the territories of the posterior circulation |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4690856_viruses-07-02932-f002_456287.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Electron micrographs of bacteriophage VpaE1. (A and B.2) CsCl density gradient-purified VpaE1 and (B.1) T4 particles; (C) VpaE1 particles with extended (C.1) and contracted (C.2) tail; and (D) close-up view of VpaE1 particle with tail fibers. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4226932_Fig4_334820.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Phaeochromocytoma of the right adrenal gland. False-positive 18F-FDG PET/CT findings in a 38-year-old woman with lung cancer (a CT image, b PET image, c fused PET/CT image). The 18F-FDG PET/CT image shows increased uptake of 18F-FDG in a right adrenal tumour. The SUVmax of the tumour was 8.4 and the attenuation value 41 HU; the liver SUVmax was 3.0. The final histopathological diagnosis was benign phaeochromocytoma |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic60798.jpg | is this a t1 weighted image? | yes |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3519876_pone-0051556-g003_171947.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Regulatory T cells do not accumulate in the injured artery but are observed in the periadventitial tissue after surgery.A. Representative sections of carotid arteries from non-operated control mice (Day 0), and from mice 3 or 7 days after injury showing the presence of FoxP3-GFP+ cells (green scatter) in the adventitial granulation tissue. Upper row shows sections stained with Harris hematoxylin (H&E); lower row shows confocal images of the same arteries (consecutive sections). B. Corresponding images for the contralateral arteries of the mice shown in A. Autofluorescence from the elastic laminae in the arterial wall is shown in green. Scale bars = 100 µm, n = 5 mice per group. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4316865_f4-etm-09-03-0801_355428.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Pathological and immunohistochemical results of an insulinoma lesion removed from the patient. The lesion is presented with a magnification of (A, C, E) ×100 and (B, D, F) ×400. The tumor appeared to be positive for (C) β-catinin (++), (D) CD56 (++), (E) insulin (++) and (F) synaptophysin (+++). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3141043_pone-0022402-g004_102937.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Skin graft between unrelated Tasmanian devils.A–C: Macroscopic appearance of the autograft (arrowhead) and allograft (arrow), at seven, 14 and 21 days after surgery. Dark dots in the grafts are scars from punch biopsies. D–F: Histological appearance of allografts at seven, 14 and 21 days after surgery, respectively. Note extensive mononuclear infiltration at 14 days after the surgery (E), and loss of epidermis at 21 days after surgery (F). Scale bars represent 200 µm. G–I: CD3 labelling of allografts at seven, 14 and 21 days after surgery, respectively. Note the extensive CD3 infiltration at 14 days after surgery (H). Scale bars represent 200 µm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4207948_F2_330137.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | PBF and NIS colocalization in multiple cell lines. A, Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy demonstrating MYC-tagged NIS (green) localization in COS-7, HCT116, VCaP, Saos-2, SW1736, TPC1, K1, LNCaP, T47D, and A2780 cells. Bars, 20 μm. B, Confocal microscopy demonstrating PBF-HA (red) and NIS-MYC (green) expression, detected using anti-HA and anti-MYC antibodies, respectively, with specific colocalization (yellow) observed predominantly within intracellular vesicles. Bars, 20 μm. C, Confocal images of PBF pY174 (red) and NIS-MYC (blue) localization, determined using anti-pY174 and anti-MYC antibodies, respectively, in TPC1, K1, LNCaP, T47D, and A2780 cells. Specific colocalization is represented in magenta. Bars, 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4012277_F1_286370.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Brain CT showing changes of intracranial hematoma before and after the minimally invasive procedures. A: Basal ganglia hematoma was observed after the ICH model was prepared successfully. B: The intracerebral hematoma disappeared after the MI procedures were performed. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0997.jpg | Is an atypical mitotic figure present in the center of the field? | yes |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3713996_F1_218495.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Chest computed tomography (CT) scan and radiograph images of patient (case-patient 1) in a study of 4 persons with early cases of influenza A(H7N9) virus infection, Shanghai, China. Images were taken 1, 5, 7, and 11 days after illness onset. A, B) CT scan images on day 1, showing bilateral pleural effusion but no obvious lesions. C) CT scan image on day 5, showing extensive ground-glass opacity and consolidation. D, E) x-ray images on days 7 and 11, respectively, showing reduced light transmittance on both sides of the lung. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4340885_Fig1_362324.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image |
Measurement of peak systolic radial strain in three layers in the left ventricular inferior wall of: 1a) one normotensive patient with non-severe aortic stenosis; 1b) one normotensive patient with severe aortic stenosis; 1c) one hypertensive patient with severe aortic stenosis. Each panel: Top left – Colour TDI image in parasternal short-axis view of the inferior left ventricular wall. Bottom left – B-mode image with 3 regions of interest placed in three layers (subendocardium, mid-myocardium, subepicardium) in the left ventricular inferior wall. Right panel: corresponding peak systolic radial strain curves for the three regions of interest: red curve for subendocardium, blue curve for mid-myocardium, and yellow curve for subepicardium. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic34801.jpg | what is the primary abnormality in this image? | dural metastases, prostate cancer |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3840880_F1_246120.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Cowpox virus infection in 4 persons in France. The case-patients were infected in 2011 by virus transmitted from infected pet rats. A) Cutaneous lesion on patient 1. B) Cytopathic effects observed on Vero cell monolayers with isolate CEPAD332. Scale bar represents 500 μm. C) Cytopathic effects observed on Vero cell monolayers with isolate CEPAD335. Scale bar represents 500 μm. D) Negative-staining electron microscopy image of isolate CEPAD332. Scale bar represents 100 nm. E) Negative-staining electron microscopy image of isolate CEPAD335. Scale bar represents 100 nm. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic48363.jpg | what abnormality is seen in the image? | crossed fused ectopia |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4214420_f1-ol-08-06-2448_331394.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Position electron tomography (PET) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). (A) Fludeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET: FDG accumulation only in the left axillary lymph node. (B) Contrast-enhanced CT: Swelling in the left axillary lymph node. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic45316.jpg | what is the plane? | axial |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3050758_F2_89266.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Female patient 38 years of age with persistent type 1 [86]peripartum pelvic girdle pain (PPGP) that was resistant to nonoperative means of therapy. The patient underwent triple pelvic joint fusion 2 years after delivery of her second child. (A) Stork views and radiological evidence of pubic symphysis instability. (B) Intraoperative images of bilateral sacroiliac joints after debridement at the time of grafting and of the pubic symphysis after debridement and application of autologous tricortical bone graft. (C) Radiological confirmation (anteroposterior, inlet and outlet views) of healing of all fusion sites 7 months postoperatively. The patient mobilized independently, experienced significant pain relief and returned to work. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1782.jpg | Where is this part in the figure? | endocrine system |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3622382_fig1_197871.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Computed tomography showing extravasation of the contrast medium through the gap in pelvis—spontaneous rupture. Axial (a) and sagittal (b) images. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4131157_F2_313121.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | The second MRI after nine days of onset. Diffusion-weighted MRI afternine days of the onset of symptoms shows no change compared with the first MRI (A, B and C). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_76179.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Lateral radiograph of the right knee with tricompartmental degenerative joint destruction. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4526080_f5-mmr-12-03-3365_412136.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Expression of HIF-1α, β-catenin, u-PA and MMP-7 in xenograft tumors, as determined by immunohistochemistry. (A) Control group; (B) hypoxia group; (C) interference group; (D) hypoxia interference group (magnification, ×400). HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; uPA, urokinase-type plasminogen activator; MMP-7, matrix metalloproteinase-7. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4312036_pone.0116385.g003_354027.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Subcellular localization analysis of AtMPK6 and AtAGB1.35S:AtMPK6-GFP was transiently expressed in protoplast cells of Arabidopsis strains WT (Col-0) and the agb1-2 mutant in (A) and (B). Subcellular localizations of AtMPK6-GFP were detected without ABA treatment (A) and with 10 μM ABA (B). Results were visualized by confocal microscopy. (C) Subcellular localization of AGB1. Each experiment was performed three times, and thirty cells were observed for each construct and a representative result is shown (Bars = 20 μm).
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splits/sfolder_1/PMC3261865_pone-0028033-g004_122582.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | High magnification images of the double immunofluorescence staining in the hippocampus of Sod2+/−, hAPP/Sod2+/+, and hAPP/Sod2+/− mice at 25–30 months of age using antibodies against GFAP (Green fluorescence), HNE (Red fluorescence in A), and HO-1 (Red fluorescence in B).In Sod2+/− mice there is a moderate level of astrocytic (GFAP) staining, and moderate levels of HNE (A) or HO-1 (B) localized to glial cells (Merged images). In hAPP/Sod2+/+ and hAPP/Sod2+/− mice there is extensive plaque formation (Asterisk), striking increases in levels of glial HNE(A), and HO-1 (B) relative to mice without hAPP/Aβ expression. The magnification is 20×. |
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