image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_5/PMC4579258_Fig1_425929.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Axial T2-weighted MRI. Axial T2-weighted MRI shows a cystic mass (black arrows) measuring 48 × 37 mm in the right inguinal region. A smaller cystic lesion and fluid collection extend along the right round ligament in the pelvic cavity. Round ligament (white arrowheads), inferior epigastric artery and vein (white arrows), bilateral ovary (black arrowheads), and myomas (asterisks) |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic31140.jpg | what is one organ system seen in this image? | musculoskeletal |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3519769_pone-0049817-g003_171894.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | E2 treatment of p130Tg organoids alters myoepithelial-luminal architecture and lumen clearance.(A) Confocal images representing immunofluorescence staining for K14 (red; myoepithelium) and K18 (green; luminal epithelium) of wt and p130Tg organoids stimulated with EGF and E2 at day 5 of culture. Scale bar = 0,50 micron. (B) Confocal z-stacks of DAPI staining of wt and p130Tg organoids at day 5 of culture to visualize lumen clearance. Images in A and B were acquired using a Leica TCS-SP5 II confocal microscope. Images in A and B are representative of four independent experiments. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic53966.jpg | what organ system is shown in the image? | skull and contents |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qe1err0832hp5137b1.jpg | Are there any instruments in the image? | No |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1ql1ezr08325pyd56mc.jpg | What type of polyp is present? | Paris is |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3052562_f6_89591.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Effect of LMB treatment on viral mRNA localization. MDCK cells were infected or mock infected with virus, treated where indicated with LMB from 90 min p.i. and positive-sense RNA from specific segments (as labelled) detected by FISH and confocal microscopy at 6.5 h p.i. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxut8zp8074y37byce47.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | Oesophagitis |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2743805_f5_45999.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Immunoelectron microscopic localization of CDH23 in mouse rod photoreceptor cells. Electron micrographs show CDH23 labeling with TF7 antibody in ultrathin sections through parts of mouse photoreceptor cells. A-C: CDH23 labeling is detected in the basal body (BB) and centriole (CE) of the apical inner segment of photoreceptor cells. A, C: The connecting cilium (CC) is not labeled. Scale bar represents 0.2 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3502392_F2_167080.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Effects of colonic insufflation with CO gas on histological findings in the colon 7 days after trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced injury. Histological appearance of colonic tissue in sham-operated rats (A), rats with TNBS-induced colitis (B), and rats with TNBS-induced colitis treated with colonic insufflation of CO gas (C). Histological examination revealed that TNBS administration induced marked thickening of the colonic wall and colonic ulceration, which was associated with transmural infiltration of inflammatory cells. In contrast, both wall thickening and colonic ulceration were reduced in rats treated with colonic insufflation of CO gas. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is shown (40 × magnification). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4093318_F3_305318.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. |
Figure 3. Contrast-enhanced axial CT image of the liver. (A) Pretreatment, multiple bilateral liver lesions. (B) Posttreatment, near-complete resolution of liver lesions.
|
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3790906_Fig7_236079.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner |
Successful CWS placement (tortuosity 92.4°; type B lesion) (example 3). Left common carotid arteriogram. A. Severe 80% stenosis accompanied by mild tortuosity observed at the origin of the left internal carotid artery. B Guiding the 8-mm × 21-mm CWS (arrow). C. Postdilatation. D. Good dilatation observed on the arteriogram taken immediately afterwards. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1q41egz08329yg05iml.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 1 |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1819.jpg | Is parathyroid present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3881322_f2-etm-07-02-0365_256604.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Pathological changes of rat liver tissues in each group (hematoxylin and eosin staining; magnification, ×100). (A) C1, (B) M1, (C) T1, (D) C2, (E) M2 and (F) T2 groups. C1, control group at 8 weeks; C2, control group at 12 weeks; M1, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) model group at 8 weeks; M2, NAFLD model group at 12 weeks; T1, glutamine-treated rats with NAFLD at 8 weeks; T2, glutamine-treated rats with NAFLD at 12 weeks. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2759588_F0005_47653.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | B: AP radiograph (d) and lateral radiograph (e) of the same patient at 8 month followup. There is some settling of the fracture along with the comminution and a lack of complete healing at this point. Functionally, the patient has no pain and is full weight bearing. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4474571_Fig3_398263.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation |
Histopathological finding in lungs of mice infected with
S. pneumoniae
(with or without mucin) or instilled with sterile mucin. Lung biopsies stained with hematoxylin-eosin and observed under optic microscopy with magnification of x4 (panels a and c), x10 (panels b and d) and x40 (panels e and f). Panels a and b correspond to mice infected with an inoculum of S. pneumoniae INS-E611 grown in Todd-Hewitt broth (THB) without mucin, panels c and d correspond to animals infected with mucin-supplemented inoculum and panels e and f show the lungs from uninfected mice instilled with sterile mucin. Abbreviations: necrosis (N), atelectasis (T), Gram positive bacteria (B), edema (E) and lymphocytes (L). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4186392_f2-etm-08-05-1551_325371.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | A photomicrograph (magnification, ×40; hematoxylin and eosin stain) of the liver section of a control mouse showing one portal triad (P) and two central veins (V) surrounded by hepatic cords and sinusoids. Inset: High magnification image (x400) of the hepatic cords showing a large polygonal hepatocyte with a vesicular nucleus (arrowhead) and blood sinusoids (S). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4396374_f6_377955.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Gli2 is downregulated in the ventral neural tube.(a–d) Transverse sections of the neural tube between somite stages 5ss and 25ss were immunostained for GBS-GFP, Olig2 (a marker of the pMN domain), and Gli2. Gli2 protein levels are significantly downregulated by 15ss in the Nkx2.2 domain (ventral to Olig2) and across the entire neural tube by 25ss, when GBS-GFP expression has also been downregulated. Identical magnification in all panels; scale bar, 50 μm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4482032_Fig1_400255.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. |
a. Computed tomography showing a tumour mass in the right atrium with irregular enhancement and, also a small pericardial effusion (arrow indicates the tumour). b. Computed tomography showing the right coronary artery was also involved by the tumour (arrow indicates the coronary artery) |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3559760_F2_182573.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Perfusion images of 10 slices covering the whole ventricular myocardium |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4362214_F1_368219.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Fluorescent microscopy of FITC-IgY-Hp-treated G2 yeast cells at different time intervals. Fluorescent microscopy photographs show the internalization of FITC-IgY-Hp in 5–10% of yeast cells within 0–5 min, increased to 20–40% within 30 min to 1 h and reached >70% before 2 h. The green fluorescent-labeled H. pylori cells remained visible up to 3 h and fainted within 4–5 h when yeast cells appeared completely red, due to evans blue, with dark vacuole (magnification × 1000). m, minutes; h, hours. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2554.jpg | Does this image show sarcoid? | yes |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4615364_Fig1_435281.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Imaging studies for 45-year-old patient (“Case 1”) with pseudomyogenic hemangioendothelioma. a Baseline fat saturated T1-weighted axial magnetic resonance image with intravenous contrast enhancement of the pelvis demonstrates multiple enhancing tumor foci in the right iliac bone (white arrow). b Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) fusion image through the pelvis demonstrates diffuse metabolic activity in the right anterior iliac bone (disease in the right posterior iliac bone at the level of the sacroiliac joint was also present but is not shown). This image was obtained 1 month before the patient began gemcitabine/docetaxel. c PET-CT fusion image through the pelvis after three cycles of gemcitabine/docetaxel demonstrates a significant metabolic response |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4055477_pntd-0002938-g003_297535.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images showing progressive retinal damage by ocular toxocariasis granulomas.(A) Before discontinuous migration, a normal macular structure is visible, but scattered hyper-reflective dots indicate vitritis. (B) After discontinuous migration from the peripheral retina to the macula, a macular granuloma is observed in the inner retinal layers. (C) One month later, the inner retinal layers show severe distortion, a thick epiretinal membrane is present, and the granuloma extends to the outer retinal layers. (D) Three months after vitrectomy and epiretinal membrane removal, structural damage has not completely resolved. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07745.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Morphometric analysis of the posterior fossa with different parameters. IP: Interpetrous distance, IS: Intersigmoid distance, PA: Petrous apex angle, PM: Petrous-midst angle, SAG: Sagittal diameter of posterior fossa |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_18271.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Coronary CT angiography image shows that the ratio of non-compacted myocardium (NCM) to compacted myocardium (CM) is approximately 2.5 in the left ventricle in a patient with left ventricular non-compaction |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4047095_pone-0099352-g003_295161.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | The results about subcellular localization of the NbZFP1 protein.Laser-scanning confocal micrographs showing the fluorescence of leaf cells following infiltration with Agrobacteria carrying pGDG, pGDG-Rac1, or pGDG-NbZFP1 plasmids expressing GFP, Rac1-GFP, and NbZFP1-GFP proteins, respectively. Scale bar = 10 µm. (a) and (b) GFP expressed from pGDG; (c) and (d) GFP expressed from pGDG-Rac1; (e), (f), (g), and (h) Fluorescence expressed from pGDG-NbZFP1. (a), (c), (e), and (g) show the green channel; (b), (d), and (f) show an overlay of the bright-field and green channels; (h) shows an overlay of the bright-field, green, and red channels. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_73660.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Radiograph of stress fracture indicating hyperdrophic non-union |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_62497.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | The disease in a 4-year old child. Note the diffuse involvement of descending aorta and paucity of collaterals |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvd90hw074y78wpb0yn.jpg | What color is the abnormality? | Pink, Red, White |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3673335_fig6s2_209218.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Golgi staples do not prevent redistribution of Golgi membranes within ER mediated by BFA.HeLa cells co-expressing ManII-DsRed and GFP-CD8lumenal were incubated at 20°C in the presence of the disaggregating drug for 1 hr. Then, when required, the drug was removed to promote staples formation within the Golgi (upper panel). BFA (10 μg/ml) was added for 30 min, then cells were fixed and prepared for confocal microscopy. Confocal micrographs show redistribution of CD8lumenal and ManII-DsRed under BFA treatment regardless of the aggregation status of CD8lumenal. White arrows, residual staples.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00558.014 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3940884_F2_271067.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Testosterone alters the pharyngeal pumping rate. Left panel: Pharyngeal pumping images captured by a stereomicroscope (8× magnification). White line was used as reference to measure grinder (black arrow) movement. Right panel: pharyngeal pumping rate analysis of N2 wild type strain in the presence or absence of 1 mM testosterone. At least three independent experiments were carried out (at least 10 L4 worms per experiment). Bars represent the mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was calculated by 1-factor-ANOVA. Statistical p-values: ***p < 0.001 vs. “Control.” Control: NGM + 0.7% ETOH; T: NGM + 0.7% ETOH + 1 mM testosterone. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4632322_fig4_440683.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | TKO hematopoietic chimeras display substantial lymphocytic infiltration in several organs. (a) Summary of the incidence of lymphocytic infiltration (scored on a scale of 0–3) into the indicated organs. Bar graphs represent mean±S.E.M of score for each tissue from mice reconstituted with wt (n=4), Bax−/−Bak−/−DKO (n=9) or Bok−/−Bax−/−Bak−/−TKO (n=11) FLCs, P<0.05. Tissues were harvested at the time when mice were sick (for DKO and TKO chimeras) or at termination of the experiment (for wt controls). (b) Representative H&E stained sections depicting leukocyte infiltration in the lung, liver, salivary glands, stomach and small intestine of mice reconstituted with FLCs of the indicated genotype. Arrows indicate areas of infiltration (Magnification: × 5) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2435551_F5_24658.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Additional expressions of Platynereis neural genes during trunk neurogenesis. A, D, E-H are ventral views; B, C are lateral views (ventral on the left). Most of the images are ImageJ projections. Labels are as in Figure 1. E-H correspond to more internal views than those of Figure 4U-Y which are superficial views. See the main text for details. Arrows in E-H point to internal cells expressing neural bHLH genes and that may belong to the posterior growth zone [41,42]. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2693113_F4_39628.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | The FAST assay in 96-well plate. A, In a 4 × 4 grid of a 96-well plate, 2–3 Arabidopsis seedlings per well were soaked in 100 μL cocultivation medium containing 0.005% Silwet L-77 and bacteria of OD600 = 0.5. B-Q, Observation of protein expression after 40 hr cocultivation. B, ER-YFP; C, ER-CFP; D, Golgi-YFP; E, Golgi-CFP; F, Mitochondria-YFP; G, Mitochondria-CFP; H, Peroxisome-YFP; I, Peroxisome-CFP; J, Plastid-YFP; K, Plastid-CFP; L, YFP-HY5 labeling nucleus; M, Cerulean-HY5 labeling nucleus; N, YFP-At3g51660 labeling peroxisomes; O, At1g01170-YFP labeling mitochondria; P, At2g47840-YFP labeling plastids; Q, YFP-FABD2 labeling actin filaments. B-Q, Scale bar = 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3766641_F7_230361.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Conditional Dicer inactivation does not alter the ultrastructure of adrenal chromaffin cells. Electron micrographs show P0 adrenal chromaffin cells from (A) control and (B) mutant (DicercKO) mice. Quantitative analysis fails to reveal significant differences in (C) chromaffin granule size and (D) number of chromaffin granules per unit cytoplasmic area between control and mutant animals. Scale bar: 1,000 nm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvd90i0074yayywbnv0.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Lower-left, Lower-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center, Lower-center |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4285196_awu337-F4_348838.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Brain imaging. Statistical parametric maps of associations of regional grey matter volume with performance on experimental auditory spatial tasks in the combined patient group. Maps are thresholded at an uncorrected whole-brain significance level P < 0.001 for display purposes. Maps are projected on coronal (A and C), and sagittal (B and D) sections of the mean patient cohort T1-weighted brain MRI; the right hemisphere is shown on the right in coronal sections. Grey matter associations of moving versus stationary sound discrimination (A and B) and stationary sound position discrimination (C and D) are indicated. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4364976_pone.0118421.g003_369102.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | The v
e results of a single axial slice from DCE-MRI brain scans.The top row is from a pre-treatment scan and the bottom row is from a post-treatment scan. The left panel shows the original slice images with the tumor tissue (ROI) circled in red, the middle panel displays v
e values derived from the slices, and the right panel shows close-up v
e heat maps of the ROI. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02300.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Radiograph of the patient's right ankle, showing degeneration of calcaneus bone. White arrow indicates erosive bony lesion. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_07833.jpg | What is shown in this image? | MRI at the onset of paraplegia showed the destructions of the Th2–3 vertebral bodies (arrow) and the intervertebral disc accompanying epidural abscess (circled high intensity area) compressing the spinal cord at the level of Th2–3 |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1201.jpg | Where is this? | lung |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4040184_Fig7_293262.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Epithelioid angiomyolipoma in a 21-year-old man. Transverse, unenhanced CT (5 mm sections) shows a 12.0 cm hyperattenuating right renal mass (A: arrows) that enhanced heterogeneously (B: arrows). No regions of fat attenuation could be identified. Hematoxylin–eosin staining specimens show pleomorphic tumor cells with large hyperchromatic nuclei and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm (C). The tumor cells were was positive for HMB-45 (D
arrows). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1808448_F2_9821.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | OX-42 immunohistochemistry during symptomatic phase of disease. A, low power view reveals intensified immunoreactivity in spinal cord ventral horns; multiple large, rounded spots are visible. B, higher power view of large immunoreactive spots is suggestive of phagocytic clusters. C, same field as in B; counterstaining with cresyl violet facilitates identification of large immunoreactive spots as multinucleated giant cells. D, E, the same microscopic field prior to and after cresyl violet counterstaining reveals a well-formed multinucleated giant cell of the Langhans type. F, enlargement of framed area in C shows apoptotic microglial nucleus (arrow) within a giant cell. Scale bars: 500 μm (A), 40 μm (B, C), 20 μm (D-F). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3575661_fig5_186355.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Direct fluorescence was measured in yeast strains with GFP-tagged CYT1 and CIT1 using Zeiss LSM510 and Bio-Rad Radiance 2100 confocal systems, respectively. (a) Cyt1-GFP fluorescence in yeast grown in 2% glucose YNB compared to (c) in 2% galactose YNB medium. Micrographs (b) and (d) are corresponding Nomarski differential interference contrast images of (a) and (c), respectively. (e) Cit1-GFP fluorescence of yeast grown in 2% glucose YNB compared to (g) grown in 2% galactose YNB medium. (f) and (h) are corresponding bright-field images of (e) and (g), respectively. Representative pictures of experiments in triplicate are presented. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_45810.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | CT image of a lung nodule. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4461996_Fig5_395124.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | 3-D reconstruction of 3 and 7 day old biofilm after staining with calcofluor white and Syto 62 (a) 3 day untreated biofilm (b) 7 day untreated biofilm (c) 3 day biofilm treated with phage depolymerase (d) 7 day biofilm treated with phage depolymerase (e) 3 day biofilm treated with bacterial depolymerase (f) 7 day biofilm treated with bacterial depolymerase. Both the enzymes were used at 20 units/ml. (Magnification 200X). [3D]: 3 day old biofilm, [7D]: 7 day old biofilm, Scale: 10 μm |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4560763_Fig1_421211.jpg | What is shown in this image? | MRI of the posterior fossa discloses contrast-enhancing tumor in the fourth ventricle. The situation has been stable for several years, and the patient is without clinical symptoms and signs |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4593691_RSOS150341F1_429755.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Left: examples of the stimuli. Middle left: the AOIs marked in different colours, object area in red and the whole image area in blue in the pixel stimulus. Middle right: an example of a dog's scan paths; and right: an example of a human's scan paths to the stimuli. The circles represent fixations and the lines trace the path that the eye travelled across the image. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4352980_DEV116970F3_365185.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Long-term time-lapse. Time-lapse development of a Tg(kdrl:GFP) zebrafish from 16-38 hpf acquired every 10 min. SPIM signal (yellow) is superimposed on tomographic reconstruction (gray). The optical tomography data are inverted in all panels. Scale bar: 100 µm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1261.jpg | What is head tilted with mouth opened? | to show large defect very good illustration of this lesion |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_65659.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | On-table imaging showing deployed stent. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4096508_pone-0101891-g005_305898.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Contrast-enhanced 2D slices from our image dataset.Sample images with time-point and z-slice pairs at (A) (t25, 18), (B) (t34, 35), (C) (t45, 22), (D) (t86, 22), (E) (t91, 24), and (F) (t98, 29). Each image has dimension: 103 103 pixels and has voxel resolution: and µm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gl2s3rr071u0d0f3piv.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3345052_Fig1_136769.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Fundus photograph and fluorescein angiogram (FA) of the right eye of Case 1 at presentation (a and b) and after vitreoretinal surgery (c and d). a Disc neovascularisation, retinal neovascularisation superior to the disc, presence of fibrovascular band temporal to the disc and inferior tractional retinal detachment with inferior vitreous haemmorhage. b (FA): Leakage of dye from the retinal neovascularisation superior to the disc and staining of the fibrovascular band temporal to the disc. c Well-settled retina with endolaser marks. d (FA): Absence of dye leakage with complete regression of neovacularisation and adequately lasered peripheral retina |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3784919_F6_234037.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Illustration of linear registration from MR (top: A–C) and histology (bottom: D–F) 3D volume to T1 template. Axial (left), sagittal (middle), and coronal (right) views. P, posterior; S, superior; L, left. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3516811_F6_171108.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | NSvc4-eGFP expressed using the Potato virus X-based vector localized to chloroplasts. At 7 or 8 days post inoculation with pgR-NSvc4-eGFP, systemically infected leaves were sampled and examined by confocal microscope. Arrows indicate the sphere-like compartments formed by NSvc4-eGFP fusion protein. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3706595_pone-0068206-g001_216768.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | HE and immunohistochemical staining of NDRG1 in colorectal cancer and relative normal tissues.(A–D) Representative samples with HE staining (A) and NDRG1 negative expression (B) in cancer tissue, as well as HE staining (C) and NDRG1 positive expression (D) in the paired non-tumor tissue. (E–H) Representative samples with HE staining (E) and NDRG1 positive expression (F) in cancer tissue, as well as HE staining (G) and NDRG1 positive expression (H) in the paired non-tumor tissue. The black arrows indicate NDRG1 expression in cytoplasma, while the hollow arrows indicate NDRG1 expression in cell membrane. Magnification, 200×. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC1360059_F2_4447.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Example showing scans of a patient with MAA uptake described as "equivocal". |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3659462_fig9_205796.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Histological presentation of H/E staining of kidney tissue of the mice after subcutaneous administration of wild type rhIFN-α2b or rhIFN-α2bC2DC99D once every 3 days during a 45-day period (magnification 400x). (a) Control; (b) wild type rhIFN-α2b (D4); (c) rhIFN-α2bC2DC99D (D4); (d) wild type rhIFN-α2b (D5); (e) rhIFN-α2bC2DC99D (D5). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4238278_fig11_337996.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | The pathological examination of liver tissue in db/db mice. (a) Hepatic cellular architecture from a normal mouse. (b) Hepatic cellular architecture from db/db mouse with no treatment shows ballooning degeneration and fatty degeneration of hepatocytes. (c) Microscopic view of degenerated hepatocytes from metformin-treated db/db mouse. (d), (e), and (f) Alleviation of hepatocytes degeneration from pancreatic islet from db/db mouse treated with TNTL at the dose of 3.6 g, 1.8 and 0.9 g/kg b.w., respectively. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4337651_fig6s1_361310.jpg | What is shown in this image? | GFP fluorescence of additional colonies derived from single diploid cells hemizygous for individual SIR genes.All strains contained one copy of HMLα::cre and one copy of the RFP-GFP cassette. Scale bar, 2 mm.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.05007.017 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3009655_F10_82169.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Imago of stage W3. Overview (A) and detailed images of different optical sections (B - E) of the midgut of another worker several months of age (W3) by confocal laser scanning microscopy (for further information regarding the composition of the figure see legend of Fig. 1). The number of bacteriocytes is strongly reduced as compared to the worker (W3) shown in Fig. 9. Bacteria present in other cell types than bacteriocytes can be observed (e.g. white arrow in figure part C). Green label: The Blochmannia specific probe Bfl172-FITC; red label: SYTO Orange 83. The scale bars correspond to 220 μM (A) and 35 μM (B - E), respectively. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2748076_F2_46623.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | MRI of the lesion (L) shows it a) attached to the index finger profundus tendon in the coronal plane on T1 weighted imaging, b) demonstrating septal enhancement post contrast administration, c) displacing the superficialis tendons (T) to the middle and index fingers radially on axial T1 imaging, and d) showing heterogeneous T2 hyperintensity again in the axial plane, with the compressed median nerve (N) more clearly visualised. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4558036_pone.0136726.g003_420188.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Blood smears tested with P. vivax FISH assay.Malaria positive patient blood samples from two collection sites, Peru (A), India (B) and Kenya (C-E) were analyzed using PV-FISH assay. (A) Patient blood positive for P. vivax. (B) Patient blood positive for P. vivax. (C) Patient blood positive for P. ovale. (D) Patient blood positive for P. malariae. (E) Patient blood positive for P. falciparum. Green fluorescence is due to reactivity with the P. vivax specific probe and red fluorescence is due to reactivity with the Plasmodium genus probe. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyhdo3o086u6wgsg5g4.jpg | Are there any anatomical landmarks in the image? | No |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3472180_F1_160438.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Immunohistochemical images of SATB1 staining in fallopian tubes and ovarian cancer. Images (20X magnification) demonstrating negative immunohistochemical expression of SATB1 in (A, B) fallopian tubes, and different fractions and staining intensities in EOC ranging from (C) negative, (D-G) weak to moderate intensity in increasing fractions and (H) strong intensity in the majority of tumour cells. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic59259.jpg | what is most alarming about this mri? | congenital cytomegalovirus infection |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3307079_F2_130688.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Patent ductus arteriosus. 2D and Doppler transthoracic echocardiography evaluation. In suprasternal section just below the subclavicular artery origin, the continuous flow of patent ductus arteriosus is seen, with maximum velocity of 5,3 m/s. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4275759_F2_346597.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Case 1. Axial magnetic resonance angiography (A, B and C) shows a Type A basal vein of Rosenthal on the right side (arrow head in A) and a Type C basal vein of Rosenthal on the left side (arrows in A, B and C). Lateral view of the venous phase of the internal carotid artery angiogram (D and E) shows a hypoplastic Type A basal vein of Rosenthal on the right side (arrow in D) and a Type C basal vein of Rosenthal draining into the superior petrosal sinus on the left side (arrow in E). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwy9dnuo086ugphk2mh1.jpg | Where in the image is the instrument? | Center, Upper-left, Center-left, Upper-center, Lower-center |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3524759_F2_173986.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | SKM, CAFM, and SCM images (left column) and 3D views (right column) of an original GeSi QR. (a) Height image measured simultaneously with the CPD image. (b) CPD image obtained at an AC modulation of 2 V and a lift height of 10 nm. (c) Current image measured at a sample bias of −1 V. (d) dC/dV amplitude image obtained by applying 2 V AC modulation to the sample. Each scale bar is 50 nm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4619826_pone.0141311.g002_437167.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Platelets and fragmented erythrocytes were distinguished with PLT-F reagents.In each row, the left, middle, and right columns show platelets (PLT), erythrocytes (RBC), and fragmented erythrocytes (fRBC), respectively. (A) May-Giemsa-stained cells. (B) (Upper) PLT-F-stained cells. (Lower) PLT-F scattergrams. (C) (Upper) PLT-O-stained cells. (Lower) PLT-O scattergrams. Pale blue dots surrounded by yellow dashed line indicate fRBC misidentified as platelets. Bars: 5 μm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwz8dovw086u05yk7u55.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 1 |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4624977_pone.0140832.g005_438564.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | This figure illustrates the information flow between the coherent sources in the brain for the EC condition using EEG (first row), MEG (second row) and COMB (EEG+MEG) (Third row).The numbering of the sources are the same as in the previous Figs 3 and 4. The dotted lines indicate weaker interactions found between the sources for the recording methods EEG and MEG separately. The bold line with the arrow heads indicates significant higher directional interaction between the sources for only the combined approach (EEG+MEG). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_01103.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Postoperative x-ray of same patient showing external fixator holding the affected digit in place together with the ring finger. Bone graft is marked with an arrow and seen across the base of the proximal phalanges of ring and long finger |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4670506_Fig5_450588.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Neuronal depletion in ARCD. H&E sections of the right hippocampus show severe neuronal depletion in ARCD as compared to control, more prominent in the CA1 region. The right panels represent higher magnification fields (10x) of the CA1 region marked by brackets. Insets show small parenchymal arteries that have thickened walls in ARCD |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4459068_Fig1_394228.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Computed tomography (CT) images of a healthy frontal sinus. a Coronal CT showing a left frontal cell type 3 (FC3) (*). b Sagittal CT showing a frontal bullar cell (FBC) (+) |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qs1f6n0832alp6dpz5.jpg | What color is the abnormality? | Pink |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3928548_F1_268001.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Brain regions showing reduced resting-state functional connectivity with the left amygdala in depressed patients compared with healthy controls. Colored areas indicate significant Z-scores as determined by fMRI. Statistical threshold of Z = 2.3 (p = 0.01). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4100268_fig1_306435.jpg | What is shown in this image? | (a) Preoperative CT angiogram showing injury to left axillary artery by fracture proximal end of humerus. (b) Preoperative CT angiogram showing complete occlusion of left axillary artery. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_uterus/train_1873.jpg | What is present? | female reproductive |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic54991.jpg | what is the organ system in this image? | skull and contents |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3788110_pone-0076486-g006_235066.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Immunohistochemical staining for apoptosis-related protein in BGC-823 xenografts.Immunohistochemical staining for apoptosis-related proteins: Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Bax, Activated caspase-3, and Activated capase-9. Magnification is 200×. Representative microphotographs of three groups are shown. DAB stained immunoreactive cells (dark brown). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3863500_fig6_251953.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Arthroscopic images ((a), (b), and (c)) demonstrating arthroscopic bursectomy for snapping scapula syndrome with the use of an arthroscopic shaver (asterisks represent areas of inflamed bursa). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2929517_fig2_72264.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Photographic images showing the improvement in scar appearance with avotermin versus placebo and standard care. Two patients (one with paler skin (b)) with wounds treated with avotermin 200 ng/100 μl/linear cm of wound margin immediately before surgery and 24 hours later (i), placebo (ii), and standard care (iii) at Month 12. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3135134_fig9_102045.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | FNA of well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma. Small-sized malignant hepatocytes exhibit monotonous appearance with tendency to dissociation. The cells display well-defined cell borders, decreased dense cytoplasm, slightly eccentric nuclei, increased nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, and impression of nuclear crowding. Transgressing endothelium abound (Papanicolaou, ×200). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1px1e7z08326ebdarzx.jpg | Are there any instruments in the image? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2848679_F2_61104.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Digital subtraction angiography of the superior mesenteric artery with a 5F Cobra catheter. (A) The lateral arteriogram shows the entry site of the false lumen and confirms the compression of the true lumen by an intimal flap (black arrows). (B) The posteroanterior arteriogram demonstrates the extension of the dissection to the origin of the accessory right hepatic artery (black arrows), which is also markedly narrowed. Note the patency of the distal arterial branches. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_37169.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | CT Abdomen with air in abdominal wall and pneumoperitonium. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3000416_F8_80862.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Axial computed tomography (CT) image in lung window-level setting depicting the subpleural lipoma. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2936386_F2_73167.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Topography of CD68-positive cells and expression of VEGF and MMP12. Case 1 and Case 2 showed distinct vascular patterns, but in both cases OGCs preferentially appeared in hypervascular stroma. Marked expression of VEGF and MMP12 was evident. A: Distribution of blood vessels marked with CD31 in Case 1. B, C: CD68-positive cells in Case 1. D: Distribution of blood vessels marked with CD31 in Case 2. E, F: CD68-positive cells in Case 2. G-R: VEGF and MMP12 expression in Case 1 (G-L), and Case 2 (M-R). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4009216_fig3_285729.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | A 62-year-old man with liver cirrhosis and hypersplenotrophy. The liver and spleen can be visualized by GRE T2*WI (a–d). The T2* values of the spleen can be quantitatively measured and can be used to evaluate the iron overload of the spleen. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4235695_pathogens-02-00472-f019_337141.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Confocal laser microscopy image of kuru plaques. Green, PrP; red, GFAP. Courtesy of Dr. Beata Sikorska, Lodz, Poland. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4306086_F4_352799.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Radiograph demonstrating sigmoid volvulus. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1550242_F1_6607.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | ERα and ERβ immunofluorescence labelling of morphologically normal spermatozoa and spermatozoa carrying superfluous cytoplasm A: ERα red brilliant light (Texas-Red) in excess residual cytoplasm of immature spermatozoa. A1: ERα fluorescence in mid-piece regions of normal sperm. B: ERβ green intense light (FITC) in excess residual cytoplasm and tails of immature spermatozoa. B1: ERβ fluorescence in mid-piece regions and tails of normal sperm. Scale bars 5 μm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3016345_F4_83131.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Electron micrographs of cultures with and without drug treatment. (A-D) Exposure to SB (10 mM) for 36 hs resulted in accumulation of filamentous aggregates in differentiated 3D5 cells with induced α-Syn expression. (E-F) Without the SB treatment very few filamentous elements were detected in differentiated 3D5 cells with induced α-Syn expression. (B), (D) and (F) are higher magnification photographs of the framed area shown in (A), (C) and (E), respectively. The filaments have a diameter of either (B) 8-10 nm or (D) around 5 nm. Scale bar: 0.5 μm (A, C and E); 100 nm (B, D and F). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4124199_fig6_312052.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Example of five CTC from five different patients. Fluorescence of CTC Her-2 expression (right column) is quantified by the number in upper right corner. A higher positive number represents a higher Her-2 expression, whereas a negative number (bottom picture) represents no Her-2 expression on that CTC. The scale bar is applied to all images. Adapted figure from [24]. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3736546_fig3_223544.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Follw-up abdominal CT scan showing a cholecystocolonic fistula with faeces in the gallbladder (asterisk). |
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