image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_2/PMC3518303_fig2_171553.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Protective effects of the TSAV pretreatment on CCl4-induced liver damage. Histological examination was performed under a light microscope (original magnification: ×100) with HE staining on liver tissues. Group I: control; Group II: CCl4; Group III: TSAV 50 mg/kg + CCl4; Group IV: TSAV 100 mg/kg + CCl4; Group V: TSAV 200 mg/kg + CCl4; Group VI: silymarin 200 mg/kg + CCl4. Blue, green, and black arrows indicate cell necrosis, inflammatory infiltration, and nuclear pyknosis, respectively. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00321.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Late venous confluence of right renal vein in 49-year-old male voluntary kidney donor. Coronal maximum intensity projection image shows late venous confluence of right renal vein (white arrow). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3448614_pone-0044318-g005_156735.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Vertebrae of Mochlodon vorosi n. sp. from the Upper Cretaceous Csehbánya Formation, Iharkút, western Hungary.A, cervical vertebra (MTM 2012.19.1) in cranial, B, lateral views; C, dorsal vertebra (MTM 2010.118.1.) in lateral, D, cranial, E, ventral, F, dorsal views; G, sacrum (MTM 2010.118.1.) in left lateral, H, ventral, I, dorsal, J, cranial views. K, caudal vertebral centrum (MTM 2012.20.1) in ?proximal, L, lateral, M, ventral views; N, caudal vertebral centrum (MTM 2012.21.1) in ?proximal, O, lateral, P, ventral views. Anatomical abbreviations: d, diapophysis; nar, neural arch; p, parapophysis; poz, postzygapophysis; prz, prezygapophysis sd, sacrodorsal vertebra; sr, sacral rib; sy, sacral yoke. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2483347_pone-0002808-g010_25840.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Osteocytes and lacunae.(A and B) Osteocytes found floating free in acid baths with fillapodia. (C,D,E) Fractured lacunae examined with SEM show filaments and spheres consistent with bacterial forms. UWBM 89325, UWBM 89322 Scale bars, A,B 10 µm, C–E 1 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3606613_F2_194173.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Case 1: (A) T1-weighted and B) STIR sagittal MRI images showing a mildly heterogeneous, well-defined, expansile intramedullary lesion that is confined within the bone with the exception of a nubbin of tumour that has breached the posterior cortex (arrowed). (C) Biopsy histology shows a malignant round cell tumour. (D) Tumour cells strongly express CD99. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3689056_F1_212884.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Retrograde urethrocystogram showing the urinary bladder diverticulum herniated in to the femoral canal. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3065274_fig5_91175.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | CA125/MUC16 knockdown disrupts cell–cell junctions. (A) Assessment of cell–cell junctions in Ctrl scFv and CA125/MUC16 knockdown cells and OSE cells by electronic microscopy. Arrows indicate the presence of three desmosome spots in Ctrl scFv cells and the lack of such desmosomes in knockdown cells (scale bar – 100 nm). (B) Immunofluorescence analysis of claudin-7 expression, a protein involved in tight junctions, in Ctrl scFv and knockdown cells showing the disruption of the protein at the cell surface of knockdown cells ( × 1000 magnification). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3967929_pgen-1004220-g006_277012.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Protection by Hid/Rpr-induced cell death is sensitive to ban gene dosage.Wing imaginal discs from larvae carrying one copy each of ptc4-GAL4, UAS-hid, UAS-rpr and tub-GAL80ts were fixed and stained for DNA (A, C, E) and cleaved Caspase 3 (B, D, F) at 4 h after irradiation with 0 (-IR) or 4000R (+IR) of X-rays. Additional genotypes were as indicated. (G) shows the timeline followed. In otherwise wild type background (D), areas outside the ptc domain showed reduced caspase staining reflecting protection in response to ptc4>Hid/Rpr (arrows). In contrast, the corresponding areas in ban/+ discs showed caspase activity (F, arrows). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3693623_fig1215_213900.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Ultrasonography of Neck Shows a Solid Thyroid Nodule.Ultrasound neck Showing a) Solid nodule in right lobe of thyroid b) Multiple enlarged right cervical lymph nodes c) Multiple enlarged lymph nodes in left supraclavicular region |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2631594_F1_33339.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Imaging data of sacral involvement by CRMO in patient 2, a 16-year-old boy. (A) Pre-treatment imaging: Coronal STIR MRI images reveal increased T2 signal in the ilium adjacent to the right sacroilial joint (SIJ), consistent with inflammation. (B) Imaging 2 months after initiation of pamidronate: Abnormal signal on coronal STIR has resolved. (C) Imaging at clinical relapse: Coronal STIR MRI image reveals increased T2 signal in the ilium adjacent to the left SIJ, consistent with inflammation. The previously affected right ilium demonstrates no abnormal signal. (D): Imaging 2 months post 1 day pamidronate retreatment: Previously demonstrated abnormal signal on coronal STIR is no longer seen. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3667363_Fig1_207853.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | a, b Grade 1 CS of the proximal tibia involving the whole metaepiphysis. The anteroposterior (AP) radiographic view and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) show the endosteal scalloping and cortical thinning consistent with aggressive imaging features. c, d Proximal tibia resection with wide margins and allograft–prosthesis composite reconstruction was performed |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4550748_fig2_417864.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | The effect of bFGF on urothelium at the early phase of RIBI. (a)–(c) Representative images of HE stained urinary bladder sections. Magnification is 40x. High magnifications in the boxed area further show the thickness of urothelium in each group ((a)′–(c)′). (d) Results of the thickness of the urothelium from each experimental group. ∗
P < 0.05, NS: no significance. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/illus_other/train_2681.jpg | What is x-ray intramyocardial arteries ? | arteries present |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0913.jpg | Is there hyperplasia of fibromuscular elements? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3082539_pone-0018853-g004_93449.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. |
sphinx expression in accessory gland.(A) RNA in situ hybridization showing sphinx expression in accessory gland (black arrowhead) and ejaculation duct (red arrowhead); (B) negative control for RNA is situ; (C) GFP signal of accessory gland visualized under fluorescence microscope; (D) GFP image under confocal microscope. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4158253_fig1_318907.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Axial FSE T2-weighted fat-suppressed image at presentation shows complex right gluteal subcutaneous collections with heterogeneous high T2-weighted signal intensity and low T1-weighted signal intensity (not shown). The tubular collections (white arrows) are reminiscent of branching primary and secondary sinus tracts and probably represent the chronic phase of these suppurative inflammatory tracts, extending to the deep right ischiorectal and ischioanal spaces. Bilateral dermal thickening and induration are seen. Bilateral enlarged inguinal lymph nodes are also demonstrated (∗). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2990319_i1536-2442-6-31-1-f05_79471.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Female genitalia of Bohartina vilchesensis: drawing of a dorsal view, (a) and a photograph of a ventral view (b).Illustration by Nancy V. Arias T. (Scale bar =0.5 mm). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4289046_Fig4_349616.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image |
Time course changes of the bony structure of the femoral head and neck region by three-dimensional μCT analysis. (A) Representative three-dimensional μCT reconstructed images of the femoral head and neck region in each group at post-natal week 4, 6 and 8. (B) Quantitative analysis of the bony structure of the femoral head and neck region in each group at post-natal week 4, 6 and 8. Note: *: P <0.05 vs mice in control group; #: P <0.05 vs mice at post-natal week 4; &: P <0.05 vs mice at post-natal week 6.
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roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_34437.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | After 6 months using novapore |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3125257_F6_100861.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Coated 3D Solid-state micropore. The 3D structure of the micropore of radius 11.7 with a nanocoating produced by 2.5:1 ratio of APTMS and PFTS at a vacuum of 22 mmHg for 40 mins deposition. (a) shows the Si substrate with a micropore in it. (b) shows the magnified view of the interconnected coating. (c) Coating on the membrane (darker region) and the inclined wall (bright part). (d) shows the micropore coated with the nanolayer (sample E). (e) and (f) show the periphery of the micropore which shows the inner surface of the pore coated. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4592500_Fig5_429434.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Short-axis PET images of [11C]-mHED (35- to 45-min sum) and [11C]-CGP (10- to 20-min sum from injection 1) in CHF patient. Apical slices are at upper left and basal slices are at lower right of each panel. Arrows indicate extensive mismatch between [11C]-mHED and [11C]-CGP. This research was originally published in JNM. Caldwell JH, Link JM, Levy WC, Poole JE, Stratton JR. Evidence for pre- to postsynaptic mismatch of the cardiac sympathetic nervous system in ischemic congestive heart failure. J Nucl Med. 2008;49:234–241. © by the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Inc |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3317674_f1-ijms-13-02563_132446.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Screening of cellulolytic bacteria by covering the petri dishes with congo red dye. A zone of clearance surrounding a colony is indicative of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) hydrolysis by secreted CMCase. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3877133_pone-0084004-g004_255263.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Active-MRI of the wrist during active ulnar-radial deviation.Snapshots of the coronal images of the wrist in the ulnar deviation (a), neutral (b) and radial deviation (c) positions during the continuous radial-ulnar deviation maneuver. SL interval and ulnar variance (see Figure 2 for these definitions) were measured from the resulting images. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1744.jpg | Does this image show kidney, renal papillary necrosis, subacute? | yes |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4474437_pone.0131137.g007_398240.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Effect of VSV M2 and M3 expression on nucleus-cytoplasm transport of mRNAs.BHK-T7 cells were transfected for 2 h with pTM1 empty (mock) or pTM1 encoding M1, M2 or M3 proteins. Cells were fixed 6 hpt and in situ hybridization with fluorescein-labeled oligo (dT) probe was carried out to detect cellular mRNAs. VSV M proteins were visualized by immunofluorescence using specific monoclonal antibodies against M1 (αM) and the corresponding mouse secondary antibody conjugated to Alexa 555. To-Pro3 was used as a nuclear marker. Images were acquired with a confocal microscope. Merged images are shown on the right. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4552135_Fig2_418269.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Magnetic resonance image: transverse section of the brain 1 month after the onset of illness. This section shows new involvement of the right cerebral cortex (right middle meningeal arterial territory) with vasogenic edema |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4177703_Fig5_323169.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. |
Positive immunostaining of tumoral cells for HMB45 (magnification × 20).
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data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0787.jpg | What are distended with large fat vacuoles pushing the nuclei to the periphery macrovesicles, while others show multiple small vacuoles in the cytoplasm microvesicles? | many of hepatocytes |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_heart/train_2690.jpg | Is cardiovascular present? | yes |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_19111.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Ultrasonography performed on 51-year-old male with papillary thyroid carcinoma.Transverse scan shows 6 mm, solid, taller than wide, hypoechoic nodule (arrow) with spiculated border and internal microcalcifications. This lesion was classified as suspicious malignant nodule. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_33625.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Non contrast computed tomography Kidneys, Ureter, Bladder (coronal section) showing left renal pelvic calculus |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2488371_pone-0002915-g002_25997.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Immunohistochemical images of rat brain cross-sections demonstrating mitochondrial MCT2 in thalamic neurons.When signals from probes for MCT2 (A, green), and mitochondrial COX (B, red) were merged with those of the neuronal marker MAP2 (C, blue), superposition of the signals (D, yellow/white) showed colocalization of MCT2 and components of the mitochondrial reticulum in neurons (white arrows). Scale bar = 20 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4227425_f6-mmr-10-06-2811_335019.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Immunohistochemical detection of enteroviral capsid protein VP1 in biopsies samples. (A and B) Enteroviral capsid protein VP1 detected suggesting a confluent invasion of enterovirus. (C) Control samples demonstrating no significant pathological findings. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2073.jpg | Does stillborn macerated appear normal see other sides this case? | no |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvj90u4074ygr51ddwe.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_63463.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Female, 69-year-old. Computed tomography examination of the chest. Solid cystic mass in the upper pole of the right hilum |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4169092_F1_321324.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | (a) 3D MIP image of FDG-PET/CT study showing a hypermetabolic lesion (arrow) in the gallbladder. (b) CT showing a non-specific hyperdense nodule within the gallbladder. The gallbladder was otherwise normal with no wall thickening and no pericholecystic fluid. (c) FDG emission image. (d) Hybrid FDG-PET/CT image showing a hypermetabolic soft tissue density of SUVmax 6 (arrow) within the fundus of the gallbladder. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4256282_pntd-0003352-g002_341762.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Scanning electron microscopical (SEM) assessment of BTZ-treated metacestodes.
E. multilocularis metacestodes were treated with the solvent DMSO (A), or with 0.01 µM (B), 0.05 µM (C) or 0.5 µM (D) BTZ for 5 days, and were processed for SEM. Note the distorted morphology of the germinal layer (GL) in those specimens treated with 0.05 and 0.1 µM BTZ. Bars = 250 µM. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qs1f6j0832da9g3eyh.jpg | Are there any instruments in the image? | No |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv28zzc074y2d1j73oz.jpg | Where in the image is the anatomical landmark? | Center, Center-right, Upper-center, Upper-right, Lower-center, Lower-rigth |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic46350.jpg | what modality was used to take this image? | mr - pdw proton density |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4066749_F2_300415.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Qualitative β-galactosidase assay for predicted RsmA targets. Regulation of the selected predicted RsmA targets rahU, algU, pqsR and PA1300 in P. aeruginosa strains PAO1, PAZH13 (rsmA deletion mutant), PASK09 (constitutively overexpressing rsmA) and PASK10 (IPTG-inducible, conditional rsmA mutant). Translational fusions of these genes with lacZ exhibited β-galactosidase activities that varied in the wild-type PAO1 strain (light or no blue coloration) were increased in PAZH13 and uninduced PASK10 (enhanced intensity of the blue color) and were reduced in PAK09 and IPTG-induced PASK10. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4682812_pone.0144216.g001_454069.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Tumor grade in HCC are commonly very heterogeneous.C, A portion of tumor is grade 1(the morphology of tumor cells were close to the normal liver cells, with augmentation of nucleus/cytoplasm) while an adjacent area is grade 2 (which contains markedly enlarged oncocytic hepatocytes with some nuclear pleomorphism and angulation). D, An area of grade 2 is adjacent to an area of grade 3 (the cell shape are quite irregular, tumor cells show marked pleomorphism). C and D demonstrated the higher magnification from the area of the box in A and B, respectively. (A–B: 200 ×magnification; C-D: with 400 × magnification). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4169590_pone-0107913-g005_321524.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Immunohistochemical staining of HNF4α, CYP2E1 and HBx in human liver tissues.Row 1, morphology observation with HE staining. Row 2, HBx immunochemical staining. Row 3, HNF4α immunochemical staining. Row 4, CYP2E1 immunochemical staining. All HE staining or immunochemical staining were shown as typical fields from five cases of human normal, and five cases of paracarcinoma or HCC liver tissues. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC535552_F5_831.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Chlorophyll is required for wound-induced luminescence. Luminescence imaging of leaves containing or lacking chlorophyll. The figure shows luminescence images (5 minute exposures) of wounded control (top) and photobleached, norflurazon-treated (bottom), leaves of Arabidopsis. Conventional photographs of the leaves imaged are shown at left. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3628903_f1-ol-05-04-1177_199092.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Immunohistochemical assay for TAMs, TIGs, tM-CSF and tG-CSF. TAMs, tumor-associated macrophages; TIGs, tumor-infiltrating granulocytes; tM-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression in tumor cells; tG-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor expression in tumor cells. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3461454_F1_158189.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Anteroapical MI at 4 weeks post-infarction. Matched histology, LGE-PSIR and T1ρ (B1 = 500 Hz, TSL = 50 ms) images are labeled according to slice number from LV apex to base. Fibrotic scar tissue appears as an area of enhanced signal intensity on both LGE-PSIR and T1ρ-weighted images in slices 1–5.T1ρ can visualize small features such as the posterior papillary muscle (black and white arrows in slice 3), which appears non-fibrotic amidst a larger section of fibrotic myocardial tissue using all three methods. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3388056_pone-0040311-g002_143620.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Immunohistochemical staining of melanoma tumor tissues with the 2A9
mAb.2A9 mAb staining of a primary tumor and of one metastasis from the same
melanoma patient is shown in (A) and (B), respectively; staining of melanocytes
present in epidermis is shown in (C), while no staining of keratinocytes is
observed. Black arrows indicate melanocytes. No staining is observed with
a breast carcinoma tumor biopsy (D). Original magnification: A and C = 1000×;
B and D = 400×. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4085052_pone-0101198-g004_304050.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | An example of the long white matter fibers of pair-wise subregions within the default mode network detected by probabilistic tractography in one control subject (a) and one RRMS patient (c) in the native space.Figures (b) and (d) correspond to 3-dimensional probabilistic tractography. (red: fiber tract, blue: mask of subregions, Sup = Superior, Inf = Inferior, Ant = Anterior, Pos = Posterior). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3527600_pone-0052699-g005_174516.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Decreased retinal avascular area in MMP-12 KO mice with OIR.
A). Representative images of retinal fluorescein angiography in MMP-12 KO and WT mice with OIR at P12 and P17. B). Quantification of retinal avascular area in retinal angiographic images using Adobe Photoshop software. n = 6 in WT/P12 group, n = 4 in MMP-12 KO/P12 group, n = 5 in WT/P17 group and n = 4 in MMP-12 KO/P17 group. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic40625.jpg | what is most alarming about this mri? | dural sinus thrombosis |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2900081_F0003_68271.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Recording sampling Time |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3581773_f0025_188005.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Representative H&E staining of fetal thyroid glandular tissue from different treatment groups: controls (A), CT (B), TC (C), and TT (D). Arrows depict examples of blood vessels which were outlined manually for the quantitative assessment of blood vessel area for each section in controls (CC; A), CT (B), TC (CI), and TT (D). Magnification ×200; scale bar = 100 μm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gl3s3rv071u464g37xw.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Lower-left, Lower-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center, Lower-center |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3330236_pone-0035760-g005_134536.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | IVUS images of an iTEV.Representative IVUS images of iTEV in diastole and systole phases taken immediately after implantation (control) and at 1, 2.5, 6, 12, and 24 months; showing iTEV wall thickness and internal diameter changes and scaffold degradation; waves, venous pressure measured by Millar pressure catheter system; white dots on waves, phase of venous pressure and iTEV wall motion; bar, 5 mm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_heart/train_2703.jpg | Does chest and abdomen slide show amyloidosis? | no |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_01589.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Radiograph shows a biologic width violation on the mesial surface interproximally. Removal of interproximal bone would produce an esthetic deformity. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_0824.jpg | What shows invasion by clusters of anaplastic tumour cells? | stroma |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4011745_pone-0096361-g001_286233.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Two-dimensional slices and three-dimensional reconstruction of micro-CT images of the femoral heads.(A) Two-dimensional slices of micro-CT images of the subchondral bone (a), necrotic (b), sclerotic (c), and healthy(d) regions were distinguished according to bone mineral density. (B) The two-dimensional and three-dimensional reconstructed image of the white box regions. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3853440_F1_249577.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Computed tomography was used for simulation of the head and neck field. The cranial margin was set at 5 mm above the head and the caudal margin was set above the head of humerus. Conventional radiotherapy was used to deliver the radiation dose via the anterior-posterior (AP) and PA portals. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4421932_f1_383697.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Summary map of brain coverage for rfMRI scans in CoRR (N=5,093).The color indicates the coverage ratio of rfMRI scans. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4119382_fig05_310923.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Human tricuspid valve: immunofluorescence labelling shows telocytes (TCs). Laser scanning confocol microscopy: CD34 and c-kit double immunofluorescence labelling showing (A) CD34 (green), (B) c-kit (red) and (C) co-localization (yellow) in a telocyte. CD34 and vimentin double immunofluorescence labelling showing (D) CD34 (green), (E) vimentin (red) and (F) co-localization (yellow) in a telocyte. CD34 and PDGF Receptor-β double immunofluorescence labelling showing (G) CD34 (green), (H) PDGFR-β (red) and (I) co-localization (yellow) in a telocyte. Nuclei are counterstained with DAPI (blue). Original magnification 400×; scale bar = 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3459740_F2_157709.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Axial T1-weighted, contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images one year after the first treatment, showing new, small tumour foci in the left frontal lobe and above the right orbital apex. These were treated with a new session of radiosurgery. Treatment isodoses are shown as outlined in the Gamma Knife® planning software. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1ps1e0n08326piz4irf.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3224891_F7_117245.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Toxicity observation. H & E staining of heart, liver, kidney and ovary in recipient mice. No hemorrhage in organs appeared in the pORF-hFlk-1 LDC group and no differences were seen among groups (pORF-hFlk-1 LDC, pORF-mFlk-1 LDC, pORF-mcs LDC, GS). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2974.jpg | Is cardiovascular present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1877083_F2_11067.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | EGFP expression within adult lysC::EGFP transgenic animals. (A) Lateral view of pectoral fin region. (B) Lateral view of tail fin. (C) Ventral view of dissected head kidney. (D) Ventral view of dissected posterior kidney. Anterior to left in all views. (A-D and A'-D') Bright field and dark field views, respectively. Arrows mark EGFP-expressing cells within the lobes of the head kidney. Scale bars: 500 μm in A, C and D; 250 μm in B. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3856029_f5-ijms-14-21689_250143.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Representative microphotographs demonstrating the effects of SBA on the morphology and growth of IPEC-J2 cells. Cells were cultured to confluence and incubated with the 0 mg/mL (a), 0.5 mg/mL (b), 2.0 mg/mL (c) of SBA for 48 h; 0 mg/mL of SBA treated cells are shown as the control. Magnification, 200×. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2844743_F0003_60252.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Left transverse dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF). Lateral (a) and oblique (b) left occipital angiograms show a left transverse dural AVF (arrow). Transarterial embolisation was performed through the occipital artery with ONYX. Postembolization left common carotid angiogram (c) shows occlusion of the fistula. Plain radiograph (d) shows the ONYX cast (arrows) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3210797_pone-0027502-g003_114700.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Immunoelectron microscopic analysis of B. burgdorferi enolase.A) Anti-enolase was localized intermittently across the outer surface of B. burgdorferi (arrows). Gold particles were also observed on membrane blebs in proximity to the spirochete (asterisks). The boxed area in the inset indicates the region demonstrated in image (A). B) Omission of the primary antibody resulted in a complete loss of immunoreactivity. C) Anti-OspC immunolabeling demonstrated moderately heavy labeling on the outer surface of the spirochete (Arrows). Magnification bar = 0.2 µm. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4506094_pone.0128386.g004_407099.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Exemplary chronic MS lesion.MS lesion in T2*w (A), T1w (B), FLAIR (C), SWI (D), phase (E) and magnitude (F) images. Prominent phase (black arrows) and corresponding T2*w/SWI hypointense rim are highlighted (white arrows). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2843.jpg | Does this image show close-up view very good case of 48yowm with hypertension renal failure and secondary parathyroid hyperplasia? | yes |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_52158.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Post op imaging |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3679542_fig2s2_210616.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | The procedure for Fourier space direction analysis.(A) The original kymograph of an IFT27-GFP cell during gliding motility. (B) Magnitude of the fast Fourier transform of the kymograph. (C) Mask with colors assigned to different slopes. (D) The pattern in Fourier space was color-coded using the mask. Green and red colors represent anterograde and retrograde IFT, blue represents paused IFT trains. Only the magnitude is shown. (E) Inverse Fourier transform of the colored Fourier pattern in (C) shows the kymograph with trajectories colored by slope.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00744.008 |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2653523_F1_35727.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Multi-organ inflammation in Sf mice, Sf.Faslpr/lpr mice, and Rag1-/- recipients of Sf lymph node cells. Each panel represents an inflamed target organ. Target organs were indicated by color: Black indicates spontaneous inflammation in Sf mice. Green indicates organs of Rag1-/- recipients of intravenous adoptive transfer (Pancreas is obtained from a recipient of intraperitoneal transfer). Blue indicates accessory reproductive organs from 10 weeks old Sf.Faslprlpr male that lived beyond weaning. Arrows indicate areas of leukocyte infiltration. Magnification is 10× for all except for testis which is 20×. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_uterus/train_1878.jpg | What is present? | female reproductive |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3622693_pone-0060393-g001_197966.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Axial (z), coronal (y), saggital (x) views of increased activation to food images in fMRI studies of obese/overweight (versus healthy controls) excluding Region of Interest Studies - FDR corrected, p<0.05 for multiple comparisons, cluster size >100 mm3.
Left: left dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC); right: increased activation in the right precentral gyrus. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3443205_pone-0045088-g001_154901.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Subcellular localisation of wild type Mcl-1.Wild type EGFP-Mcl-1 was transfected and expressed in HeLa cells, co-stained with MitoTrackerRed and live cell confocal imaging was performed as described in Experimental. i, shows confocal image of EGFP localization, ii, MitoTrackerRed staining and iii, overlay of images i and ii. iv shows overlay images viewed at higher magnification. i–iii, bar marker represents 20 µm, while in iv, bar marker represents 5 µm. Images are representative of at least 20 separate transfection experiments. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3751697_F3_227034.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | The paracaval lymph node metastases with an inferior vena cava tumor torombus. (A, B) Computed tomography revealed both enlarged lymph nodes (diameter, 3 cm; arrow), which were located behind the IVC, and (C, D) IVC tumor thrombus, which directly infiltrated through the lumbar vein (arrowhead). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic56734.jpg | in what plane is this ct scan taken? | coronal |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4347575_Fig1_363633.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented |
MRI brain and cervical spine images. A) Axial Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery (FLAIR) image of the brain showing demyelinating plaques in periventricular and juxtacortical regions; B) Sagittal T2 image of the cervical spine showing intramedullary demyelinating plaques at C3 and C4-C5 levels. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvq913o074y7lnz0fhw.jpg | Where in the image is the anatomical landmark? | Center, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2852158_F1_61601.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Scintigraphy in patient number 7 (see Table 1). A. Preoperatively: mild activity at the medial condyle. B. 1 year postoperatively: strongly elevated activity at the lateral trochlea and moderate activity at the medial condyle. C. 3 years postoperatively: reduced activity at the medial condyle and persistant activity at the lateral trochlea. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3196705_F4_112221.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Ultrastructural analysis of particle morphogenesis of proviruses expressing different Gag-Pol fusion proteins. Electron micrographs showing representative thin sections of transiently transfected 239T cells using different pczHSRV2-derived proviral expression constructs as indicated. (A, B) wt; (C, D) iPR; (E, F) PGfP1; (G, H, I) PGfP1 iPR, (J, K) PGP1; (L, M) PGP1 iPR; (N, O) PGP4. Magnifications: (A) 15200×, (B) 31200×, (C) 29000×, (D) 19500×, (E) 14300×, (F, N) 15500×, (G) 23000×, (H) 15400×, (I) 15800×, (J, L, M) 14500×), (K) 13000×, (O) 13300×. Scale bar: 250 nm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC1434759_F5_5049.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Effect of zoledronate on LPA-induced stress fiber induction, a cellular effect dependent on RhoA geranylgeranylation. On D0, PNT1-A cells were seeded onto glass coverslips in 6-well plates to obtain 60% confluence on D3. On D1, the cells were serum-starved till fixation on D3. After treatment by the indicated drugs then stimulation by LPA (20 μM, 5 hours on D3), actin fibers were visualized by tetramethylrhodamine isothiocyanate-labeled phalloidin. Cells are viewed on a Zeiss Axiophot microscope (X 630), and pictures are taken with a Princeton camera. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4320113_pone.0109469.g007_356123.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Morphological changes in chicken ESCs during in vitro induction by exogenous RA.
D2: Note the few, small embryoid bodies. D4, D6. Embyroid bodies are more numerous and larger than in D2. D8. The embryoid bodies are dissociated. D10. SSC-like cells are present. Magnification: 400×. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3812018_pone-0078019-g003_239831.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Resveratrol induces redistribution of PI [3], [4], [5]P3 reporter GFP-AKT-PH in mpkCCDc14 cells.Cultured mpkCCDc14 cells were transfected with GFP-AKT-PH and examined by live-cell epifluorescence microscopy. Addition of resveratrol (upper panels) caused a rapid redistribution of PI [3], [4], [5]P3 from the plasma membrane whereas control-treated cells showed little change (lower panels). Representative data are shown from four independent trials and representative of identical observations. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2797074_pone-0008416-g007_53195.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | The effect of smyhc1 knockdown, BTS treatment or hsp90α1 mutation on Z body formation, and Z-line organization in skeletal muscles of zebrafish embryos.Anti-α-actinin antibody staining shows the Z-disk organization in control (A, C), smyhc1 knockdown (B, D), BTS-treated (E, G), or slotu44c mutant (F, H) embryos at 60 hpf. C, D, G and H are high magnifications of A (control), B (smyhc1 knockdown), E (BTS treated) and F (slotu44c mutant), respectively. Scale bar = 25 µm in A, B; 20 µm in E, F; 4 µm in C, D, G, H. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4439913_f1_388517.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Coronal (A and C) and axial (B) contrast-enhanced multidetector computerized tomography images of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrate an enlarged hypodense right ovarian vein (white arrows, A and B) representing the thrombosed vein, extending from the right adnexa to the inferior vena cava at the level of the right renal hilum. There are severe perivascular inflammatory changes in the retroperitoneum (arrowhead, A). The right ovary is enlarged and heterogeneously enhanced (arrow, C). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/cell_other/train_1266.jpg | What is present? | hematologic |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4179970_fig3_323756.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Computed tomography (CT) imaging. (a) The remarkable thickened gastric wall which suggested the invasion of the pancreas was depicted before chemotherapy. (b) Normalized gastric wall and separated gastric wall and pancreas was seen after chemotherapy. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pz1ean083282b5as79.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Colonoscopy |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3215959_F3_115681.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | The representative sections for Masson trichrome staining OLETF groups.(*200). The perivascular and interstitial fibrosis is demonstrated as blue color on Masson Trichrome stain. Proportion of fibrosis (bottom) is significantly decreased in G-CSF treated OLETF rat (E, F: Image Pro analysis). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. A. OLETF (-/-); OLETF rat fed on tap water and treated with saline, B. OLETF (-/+); OLETF rat fed on tap water and treated with G-CSF, C. OLETF (+/-); OLETF rat fed on sucrose water and treated with saline, D. OLETF (+/+); OLETF rat fed on sucrose water and treated with G-CSF. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3387246_pone-0039641-g004_143554.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Oatp4c1 localization in paraformaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded rat kidney tissue sections.Paraformaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded kidney sections were stained with antibodies as indicated. Following staining with PA1343 antibody, color development with NovaRed signifies Oatp4c1 staining (A). Sections were double-stained with PA1343 (B, C, red) and the proximal tubule marker AQP1 (B, green) or the distal tubule marker calbindin (C, green). Nuclei (blue) were stained with DAPI (Magnification: 4× (A), 10× (B, C)). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3775752_pone-0074962-g003_232008.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Self-monitoring related activity in fMRI experiments and ROI specification.
A, Brain areas activated more during the observer-control condition than the passive viewing condition (P < 0.001, uncorrected; extended threshold of 30 voxels). B, Ten ROIs were defined by specifying a circular region with a 6-mm radius centered at the coordinates shown in Table 1. Abbreviations are the same as in Table 1. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glws51f071u3fvq7lru.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC1906824_F1_12012.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) imaging: T2-weighted sequences. Axial Half Fourier Rapid Acquisition with Relaxation Enhancement (RARE) T2-weighted images shows dilation of the middle third of the ureter and coexist homolateral upstream hydronephrosis. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3631129_F5_199896.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Case number 13: Axial (A-B) and coronal (C-D) view of contrasted magnetic resonance imaging showing total removal of craniopharyngioma. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3412722_F2_148588.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Lymph node biopsy showing atypical diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells positive for CD20, immunohistochemistry showing negativity for CD3, andin situhybridization using Epstein-Barr virus encoded probes showing diffuse positivity for the virus. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2234406_F2_17386.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Scanned images of DAB-stained, spotted immobilised rHRP activity. WT, Wildtype; Mutant 1, R118K/R159K/R283K; Mutant 2, R118K/R159K; Mutant 3, R118K/R159K/K232N/K241F/R283K; Mutant 4, R118K/R159K/K232N/K241F. Time points indicated on the left are in hours. DAB coloration indicates peroxidase activity; this was noted within minutes for the immobilisation mutants, whereas plant and wildtype recombinant HRP required a longer time to develop any coloration. |
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