image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxus8zos074y4e4t28qd.jpg | How many findings are present? | 1 |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3199070_fig4_112732.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Regenerating muscle fibers. Representative cross-section of the muscle biopsy of patient 6 after 3-month treatment with CsA. The section was stained with DAPI to identify nuclei (blue) and with antibodies against developmental myosin heavy chain (dMHC, green), as marker of regeneration, and desmin (red), as general marker of muscle cells. Several very small calibered muscle fibers dMHC-positive, which also display an intense and diffuse staining for desmin, are detected among myofibers, pointing to an active regeneration process. Bar, 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2964796_F0002_77101.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Sagittal T1 (A), T2 (B) and axial (C–E) magnetic resonance imaging revealed a multiloculated dumbell (both internal and external type) swelling between the sacrococcygeal spine and anorectal canal |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3654716_fig3_204556.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | MRI images. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvj90sk074y7s8cg5g1.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | No |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qh1evv08327b7a9g92.jpg | Have all polyps been removed? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4346888_ijms-16-03188-f002_363525.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Representative images showing the characteristic features of MWCNT-COOH (a) and cementoblasts cultured with it (b–d): (b) cells were able to adhere and spread well in all directions with normal morphology; (c) numerous filopodia and microvillosities were extended from the cells; (d) higher magnifications show cell attachment to clusters of MWCNT-COOH. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3839899_pone-0081358-g001_245804.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Study area and the locations of sampling sites.The sampling sites are distributed in a boreal forest of the Côte-Nord region of Québec, Canada. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3607853_F4_194389.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | External characteristics of larval stemmata and developing adult compound eyes during the immature stages of the whirligig beetle. A-C: The morphology and disposition of six stemmata of one side of the head in each of the three larval instars (1st -3rd in). Stemmata 1 and 2 become comparatively larger and stemmata 5 and 6 become comparatively smaller in the 3rd instar. D-I: During pupation, the larval stemmata gradually degenerate and the adult upper and lower compound eyes (uComp and lComp Eye) are gradually formed on the dorsoposterior and ventroposterior side of the larval stemmata. P1-13, day 1–13 of pupation at room temperature. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3623803_ppat-1003287-g004_198131.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) fungal inoculated tomato leaves.Representative TEM images from four independent experiments. (A, G); Healthy non-inoculated leaf tissue. (B–F) Tomato leaves inoculated with the OA deficient A2 strain. (H,I) Tomato leaves inoculated with wild type S. sclerotiorum. Arrows, autolysosomal/autophagosomal-like structures; C, chloroplast; V, vacuole; N, nucleus; Circle, active dismantlement of chloroplast; Rectangle, chromatin condensation within the nucleus. Black scale bars = 2 µm, white scale bars = 1 µm. Sections were examined with a Phillips Morgagni 268 transmission electron microscope at an accelerating voltage of 80 kV. Digital images were recorded with a MegaViewIII digital camera operated with iTEM software. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3425039_fig2_151426.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Angiography. Left ventricle injection: supraaortic stenosis. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_39846.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Endometriosis involving the appendix. Axial computed tomography image through the upper pelvis shows a thickened appendix with hazy borders (arrow) and surrounding mild infiltrative changes in the mesenteric fat. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvb90e0074y9eoq4729.jpg | How many polyps are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3161632_f5-cmo-2-2008-319_106118.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Planar (A) and Annexin V SPECT (B) images show pathological tracer uptake in the left side of the neck (black arrows), corresponding with prominent stenosis of the left carotid artery (white arrows) in the sagital (C) and frontal (D) MIP from MR angiography. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3482196_pone-0048204-g004_162126.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Monoclonal (6-11B-1) and polyclonal (anti-acetyl-K40) antibodies differ in their ability to recognize deacetylated microtubules in vitro.Taxol-stabilized microtubules polymerized from acetylated or deacetylated tubulins were stained immediately (Live) or after fixation with paraformaldehyde (PFA fixed) with A) monoclonal 6-11B-1 antibody (magenta) or B) polyclonal anti-acetyl-K40 antibody (magenta). The total tubulin in each sample was detected with DM1A antibody (green). Scale bars, 20 µm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_66280.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | AP radiograph. Cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty. Spot welding (new bone formation originating from the endosteal surface and reaching the prosthesis) in Gruen zone 2/6 (arrowheads) |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3766511_Fig1_230314.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | CT and MRI in cerebral air embolism. The initial head CT shows air entrapment in cortical branches of both middle cerebral arteries and in the cavernous sinus (arrows in A and B). On day ten MRI of the brain demonstrates cortically localized areas of restricted diffusion along the gyri (arrows in C and D). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4182616_Fig3_324461.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Three-dimensional reconstruction image from the postoperative CT scan of a patient with a pelvic ring injury who had pubic symphysis fixation with a 10-hole 3.5-mm pelvic reconstruction plate placed through a vertical midline incision |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxun8zkk074y1d4o168y.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-center |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3961312_f2-ol-07-04-0994_275737.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Histological appearance of ascending colon mass. (A) Hematoxylin and eosin stain of (A) high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia in the first biopsy and (B) adenocarcinoma in the second biopsy. Magnification, ×200. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4467110_F2_396743.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Expression of CXCR4 and CXCL12 in pancreatic cancer tissues(A) HE staining (a), immunohistochemical staining of S100 (b) served as a nerve tissue marker and CK19 (c) served as a cancer cell marker in PCa tissues with PNI; (B) The representative immunohistochemical staining for CXCR4 and CXCL12 in the normal pancreas (d and g) and the resected PCa specimens accompanied without PNI (e and h) or with PNI (f and i) (200× magnification); the peripheral nerve (red arrow) was infiltrated by PCa cells (black arrow). Scale bar, 100μm. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3954771_pone-0091592-g003_274123.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Retrograde urethrography in matrix-grafted animals at pre-op and following 3 m of implantation.Boxes denote original implantation sites while B denotes contrast-instilled bladders. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_01410.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Chest X.ray of a patient showing a large retrosternal goiter, with deviation of the trachea |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_67525.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Saggital T2-weighted MRI of the cervicothoracic lesion. The extramedullary hematoma is extended from C5 to midthoracic. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3443279_Fig22_155157.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Multiple hepatic cysts, in a 47-year-old woman, with no liver disease. a Pre-contrast, b arterial, c PVP, d 3 min, e 5 min, f 8 min, g 10 min, h HCP. Multiple rounded hypointense lesions (arrows), with no enhancement during all the phases. These lesions were also markedly hyperintense in T2-weighted imaging (not shown) |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/outside_body/train_2624.jpg | What does this image show? | large decubitus over right trochanter |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4630932_Fig5_440151.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Co-localization studies of strain expressing differentially labeled nucleotide sugar transporters. Strains expressing UgtA::CFP and UgtB::YFP (JH24.3), UgtA::CFP and GmtA::YFP (JH22.3) and UgtB::CFP and GmtA::YFP (JH23.3) were grown and MM-agar plugs and imaged by confocal microscopy. Arrows point at UgtA spots. Images were false colored to red (CFP signal) and green (YFP signal) to improve contrast. Bars represent 10 μm |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxve90jc074y46vm6rwb.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Lower-left, Lower-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center, Lower-center |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4206403_pone-0110177-g003_329675.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Silica skeletons from Ghaba compared to reference material.(a) Brachiaria sp. silica skeleton from grave 295, (b) modern silica skeleton from the inner part of the inflorescence of Brachiaria ramosa (L.) Stapf., (c) Echinochloa sp. type a silica skeleton from grave 233, (d) modern silica skeleton from the inner part of the inflorescence of Echinochloa colona (L.) Link., (e) Echinochloa sp. type b silica skeleton from grave 295 and (f) modern silica skeleton from the outer part of the inflorescence of Echinochloa frumentacea Link. Scale bar 50 µm. See Table S1 for the detailed description of identification characters. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3629267_f2-ol-05-04-1363_199519.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Expression comparison of 5 HSPs in benign types of salivary gland tumor (n=41). (A) Micrograph of expression strength of HSPs. (IHC-SP staining; magnification, ×400). Expression of (a) HSP86 and (b) HSP84 was greater in the mixed tumors, but less in the adenolymphoma and other benign tumor groups. (B) Histogram of expression strength of 5 HSPs. *P<0.05; ***P<0.001. M, mixed tumor; A, adenolymphoma; O, other benign tumors; HSP, heat shock proteins. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4494804_Fig3_403973.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | The representative images for Liver biopsy (A) and electron endoscopy(B) of this patient. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3614784_F3_196150.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | MR examination performed before (A) and after (B) contrast administration with T1- and T2-weighted images and suppression of fatty tissue (C) confirmed an abdominal mass with a dorsally located multicystoid area surrounded by fat. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4151804_f1-ijo-45-04-1401_317309.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Tracking of individual cell movement during in vitro time-lapse recorded wound healing assay. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4225827_fig2_334564.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Imaging findings in a 70-year-old woman with known history of hepatocellular carcinoma. (a) Primary computer tomographic scan detecting a solid mass between the stomach aorta and spleen (arrow). The lesion was interpreted as an accessory spleen. (b) On computer tomographic scan 5 months after the primary investigation the lesion is cystic with air fluid level (arrow). (c) MRI image of the lesion (arrow). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4623208_F3_437825.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | fMRI activation corresponding to developmental differences in contextual memory. fMRI activity corresponding to the interaction of age group (pre/early-adolescent children vs. young-adult) by condition (Congruent vs. Incongruent trial types) for trials with correct responses to rewarded stimuli is shown superimposed on the average brain of all subjects in stereotactic space. Parameter estimates for each condition of interest are shown in each of the three primary regions identified. Note that interaction terms are significant at P < 0.005 by definition (based on the whole-brain voxel-wise threshold) and pairwise P values are not shown to avoid redundant statistical information. (A) LPFC; (B) dorsal striatum; (C) hippocampus. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2907.jpg | What is present? | hepatobiliary |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4542182_Figure6_415739.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Metastatic carcinoma. a: H & E demonstrates a vascular lumen. b: ERG exclusively highlights the nuclei of endothelial cells. c: CD34 highlights endothelial cells (a – c 200× magnification). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3729408_F3_221673.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Transesophageal echocardiographic recordings after the original implantation procedure. The LV electrode (lead) is placed in the coronary sinus (CS), Chiari’s network (CN) present in the right atrium (RA) (3 a); the ICD electrode (ICD lead) passes the atrial septum via the foramen ovale (3 b) into the left atrium (LA) and ventricular (LV) apex (3 c). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3797833_pone-0076655-g003_238198.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Antero-posterior white matter reorganisation in BTBR mice.Diffusion tensor tractography of representative dorsal inter-hemispheric tracts in control (top) and BTBR (bottom) mice. Seed regions used for tractography are displayed in green/red [CC: corpus callosum; DHc: dorsal hippocampal commissure; Fmi: Forceps minor of the corpus callosum; Probst B.: Probst bundles]. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4664864_f1_448894.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Phenotypes alteration of ischemic rats compared with sham-operated rats.(A) The average brain infarction volume and neurological deficits scores of the sham and ischemia groups. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ***P < 0.001 as determined by Bonferroni corrected t tests. (B,C) The HE stains of cortical neurons of the sham and ischemia groups, respectively. (D,E) The electron microscope of cortical neurons of the sham and ischemia groups, respectively. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_bone/train_2812.jpg | Is aorta not present? | no |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4049669_f1-ol-07-06-1790_295698.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Endoscopy revealed a solid, elevated mass 20 mm in diameter. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2824764_ppat-1000778-g003_57321.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Optineurin distributes to a TGN like cellular compartment.HEK293 cells were serum starved overnight and the following day fixed with ice-cold methanol and permeabilised with 50% methanol/acetone. Optineurin was visualised via labelling with polyclonal rabbit anti-optineurin antibodies followed by staining with antibodies against (A) TGN46, (B) CD63 and (C) EEA1 followed by labelling with Alexa-fluor 488 conjugated secondary antibodies. Labelled ConA (Alexa-594) (D) was added to cells for 1 hour after optineurin labelling with Alexa fluor 488 anti-rabbit secondary antibodies. The indicated images on the right side indicate a higher magnification of the boxed areas. Representative confocal images are shown. Scale bar indicates 10 µM. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxve90ko074ydzxk5n0h.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4488548_fig2_401789.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | AP and oblique view VCUG showing left to right renal ectopia and high-grade left sided VUR that persisted after first valve ablation ((a), (b)) and resolution of VUR after second valve ablation (c). DMSA renal scan shows proper cortical function of the right kidney and nonvisualization of the left kidney (d). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qp1f270832ae0546r5.jpg | Where in the image is the instrument? | Lower-right, Lower-center |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3912759_fig2_263766.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Intraoral (a) and radiographic (b) view of the patient after initial periodontal treatment and endodontic treatments. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_uterus/train_1844.jpg | What does this image show? | dermoid cyst |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4196963_pone-0110272-g004_327809.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Epicuticular wax and cuticle layer of air-dried adaxial leaf surfaces of wild type (WT), the BraLTP1-20 and BraLTP1-22 overexpressor using scanning electron microscopy.The experiments were repeated for 3 times with at least five plants for each time. (A) Wax crystals on the WT leaf were dense, with high proportion of tubular-like wax crystals. (B and C) Wax crystals are sparsely distributed on BraLTP1-20 and BraLTP1-22 B. napus leaves. Bar = 5 µm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4114614_f1-ol-08-03-1151_309667.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | (A) Posteroanterior and (B) left lateral radiographs showing a round mass in the left upper lung lobe. (C) Non-contrast chest CT scan showing an oval mass with intratumoral calcification in the anterior segment of the left upper lobe. The mass was found to be closely attached to the adjacent pleura. (D) Chest CT scan with intravenous contrast showing heterogeneously enhanced mass. (E) Microscopic findings of the tumor showing pleomorphic tumor cells with areas of chondroid differentiation. Hematoxylin and eosin staining; magnification, ×100. (F) Immunohistochemistry showing positive cluster of differentiation (CD)99 expression in the tumor cells. CT, computed tomography. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4042510_fig01_293686.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Immunohistochemistry-stained cells are seen as red fuchsin positivity. A and B, Subject with asthma at day 4 rhinovirus 16 infection demonstrating more elastase-positive neutrophils (A) and CD68+ monocytes/macrophages (B) in bronchial epithelium and subepithelium. C and D, Subject with asthma at baseline showing fewer neutrophils (C) and CD68+ cells (D). E, Negative control sample shows an absence of signal. Scale bar = 20 μm for all images. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC1877083_F2_11072.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | EGFP expression within adult lysC::EGFP transgenic animals. (A) Lateral view of pectoral fin region. (B) Lateral view of tail fin. (C) Ventral view of dissected head kidney. (D) Ventral view of dissected posterior kidney. Anterior to left in all views. (A-D and A'-D') Bright field and dark field views, respectively. Arrows mark EGFP-expressing cells within the lobes of the head kidney. Scale bars: 500 μm in A, C and D; 250 μm in B. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3933237_F10_269098.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | TEM figures of the test materials. Shown in two magnifications (the measure bar is 0.5 μm in the upper images and 50 nm in the lower images). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2836365_F6_58789.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Paraffin embedded tissue, Immunohistochemical examination, NSE (20×). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvl90w4074ye7oia0wy.jpg | Where in the image is the anatomical landmark? | Center, Center-right, Upper-center, Upper-right, Lower-center, Lower-rigth |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3711034_f03_217686.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | The protein complex which repairs damaged SFs is not a novel focal adhesion.The micrographs and kymographs are of AcGFP1-actin and TagRFP-focal adhesion proteins in rat fibroblasts (A: αV-integrin, B: talin, C: ILK). The kymographs (bottom) were obtained from the white boxes in the micrographs. The dashed yellow lines in the kymographs show the strained SFs undergoing thinning, elongation, and then repair. Scale bars: 20 µm. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4556320_Fig6_419557.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | TEM observation of MndBi10_10y. a Typical crystal size in the ab plane was 5–20 nm, and some crystals had pseudo-hexagonal shape (highlighted with a black dotted line). b
Main panel is a view from other crystals from MndBi10_10y. Inset at top left is a magnified view of the zone marked with white dotted line. It shows interference fringes separated by 2.8 Å, typical for δ-MnO2
b lattice parameter. SAED pattern collected in this area (bottom left) shows only weak maxima at 2.42 and 1.40 Å, typical for turbostratic phyllomanganates |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4260433_fig2_342891.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | CT scan of the neck with contrast (axial and sagittal views) demonstrating a retropharyngeal fluid collection with no rim enhancement extending from C2 to C6 ((a) and (c)) and a 5 mm focus of calcification within the longus colli muscle anterior to C2 (b) shortly after initial presentation and prior to treatment. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00155.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | TX-ray of knee in profile showing patellar agenesis |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2923536_F1_71528.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | B. rapa genotype R-o-18 plant development. A) Seedling three weeks after sowing, B) Fully expanded rosette leaf, C) mature and fully elongated fruit, D) main shoot of flowering R-o-18 plant seven weeks after sowing, E) open flower, F) scanning electron micrograph of the base of gynoecium at anthesis, G) cross section of fully elongated R-o-18 fruit. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4228079_Fig9_335171.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. |
Transmission electron microscope images of ablated tumor tissue. (A) MR-guided HIFU alone. The blue arrows indicate the interrupted cell membranes. (B) MR-guided HIFU + pure PLGA microcapsules. The white arrows indicate the distended mitochondria. (C) MR-guided HIFU + PLGA-coated Fe3O4 microcapsules. The black arrows indicate the superparamagnetic PLGA-coated Fe3O4 microcapsules. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4214413_f1-ol-08-06-2443_331377.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Computed tomography scans revealing (A) direct invasion of the right hepatic artery and (B) perineural invasion of the common hepatic and celiac arteries. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4315096_F6_354984.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Ectopically expressed O. tsutsugamushi Anks exhibit diverse subcellular localization patterns. (A) HeLa cells expressing GFP alone or the indicated Ank proteins N-terminally fused to GFP were screened with GFP antibody, and visualized using confocal microscopy. (B) Subcellular localization patterns of ectopically expressed Anks are not affected by the fusion tag itself or tag placement. HeLa cells expressing the indicated Anks as N-terminally (Flag-Ank) or C-terminally Flag-tagged (Ank-Flag) fusion proteins or Flag-BAP were screened with Flag tag antibody and examined by confocal microscopy. (A,B) HeLa cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Representative images from 2 to 4 experiments performed per each ectopically expressed Ank are presented. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4517792_pone.0134259.g011_409903.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Effect of enoxaparin on epithelial tight junctions of colon.Immunostaining of (A) occludin and (B) claudin-4 in the distal colon of healthy and colitis mice treated with and without enoxaparin. Scale bar = 100 μm for 400 × magnification. Control, C; untreated colitis, DSS; oral enoxaparin, OE; intraperitoneal injection of enoxaparin, IPE. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyudohs086udahwga1n.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 1 |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_29934.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Axial fat-saturated T1-weighted arthro-MR image. This curvilinear hyperintense line visible on the articular side of the anterior labrum (white arrow) consistent with a partial tear can be asymptomatic |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3425503_pone-0043791-g012_151472.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Immunodetection of Ang II in the renal cortex.Upper and middle panels are representative fields demonstrating Ang II positive cells in the C, S, CE and SE groups counted in tubulointerstitium (×100) and glomeruli (×200), as indicated at the top of the figure. Arrows point to Ang II positive cells. Lower panels present graphic representations of counting (means ± SE). Different lowercase letters above bars indicate statistical differences (P<0.05). Each mean (n = 5) resulted from counting 60 fields in each kidney. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4596811_pone.0140037.g003_430804.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | New bone formation and mineralization was monitored histomorphometrically by CA (green), AL (red) and TE (yellow) fluorescent quantification.The images of (A1-3), (B1-3), (C1-3) and (D1-3) represents the labeling at 2(A1, B1), 4(A2, B2), 6(A3, B3), 8(C1, D1), 9(C2, D2),and 10(C3, D3) weeks after operation. A, C and B, D represents confocal LASER microscope for MIPO group and ORIF group, respectively. A4, B4, C4 and D4 represent merged images of the three fluorochromes for the same group. A5, B5, C5 and D5 represent merged images of the three fluorochromes and a plain confocal laser microscope image. Scale bar = 2mm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3715425_pgen-1003591-g002_218663.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Normal chromosome morphology and HTP-3 and SYP-1 loading in pachytene stage nuclei in [mus-81; xpf-1], [slx-1; xpf-1], [mus-81; him-6] and [slx-1; him-6] double mutants.(A) Projections of representative nuclei from whole-mount gonads stained with α-HTP-3 antibody (white) and DAPI (white), or red and blue, respectively, in merged images. (B) Representative pachytene nuclei stained with α-SYP-1 antibody and DAPI (SPY-1, green in merged images). Scale bars are shown in white (1 µm). (C) FISH images were taken with 100× and 60× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3743757_pone-0071378-g001_224761.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image |
Miriholcorpa forcipata gen. et sp. nov., holotype CNU-MEC-NN-2012001.A, photograph of holotype; B, photograph of holotype under alcohol; C, line drawing of holotype; D, line drawing of the left forewing (flipped to right for easy comparison); E, line drawing of the hind wing, composite of both left and right wings; F, photograph of distal part of A6 showing absence of spurs, under alcohol; G, line drawing of genitalia; H, photograph of genitalia, under alcohol. Scale bars represent 2 mm in A–C, D and E, 1 mm in F, G and H. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4161891_Fig1_319757.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see |
ECGs and the angiogram studies. A shows the ECG that was done at presentation, which showed ST elevations on the V1 to V3 leads suggestive of acute anteroseptal myocardial infarction. B shows the ECG done 5 days after the first ECG, which showed resolution of ST segment elevations without Q waves development. C, D and E show normal coronary arteries of right coronary artery, left anterior descending artery, left main stem artery and left circumflex artery respectively. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3335809_pone-0035663-g001_135258.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Live-cell imaging of GFP-Rab20 in RAW264 macrophages during phagocytosis of IgG-Es.Live RAW264 cells expressing GFP-Rab20 were put into contact with IgG-Es and observed by phase-contrast and fluorescence microscopy. Time-lapse images were acquired using the MetaMorph imaging system. Phase-contrast images are shown (upper panels). The elapsed time is indicated at the top. The binding of IgG-Es to the cell surface was set as time 0. It is noteworthy that Rab20 was associated with newly formed phagosomes (arrows). At least four cells were examined in four independent experiments. Similar results were obtained from four independent experiments. Scale bars: 5 µm. The corresponding video is Movie S1. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC546208_F5_1176.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Scrib and LPP are localized in cell-cell contacts but are dispensable for targeting each other to these structures. Upper panels: MDCKII cells, grown on glass coverslips, were double labelled with anti-LPP antibodies (left panel) and anti-Scrib antibodies (right panel). Lower panels: MDCKII stable cell lines, expressing GFP-fusion proteins containing wild-type human LPP (upper left panel), LPP with a mutated carboxy-terminus (T610A) (upper right panel), human wild-type Scrib (lower left panel), or Scrib with a deletion of all its PDZ domains (lower right panel), were grown on glass coverslips (Scrib) or on Transwell-Clear polyester membranes (LPP). GFP-fluorescence was visualized by epifluorescence microscopy (Scrib) or by confocal microscopy (LPP). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4030584_fig01_290814.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | α-L-Iduronidase (IDUA) produced in Arabidopsis cgl seeds. (a) Western blot analysis of IDUA produced in T3 seeds of 3 high-expressing lines. Lanes 1–4: 0.4 μg of total soluble protein was loaded from the crude extracts of cgl untransformed seeds (lane 1) and from seeds of transformed lines A5.5, A4.7 and A6.3, respectively (lanes 2–4). Lanes 5–6 show 20 ng and 50 ng of purified cgl-IDUA (from line A4.7), respectively. (b) Five micrograms of affinity-purified cgl-IDUA (line A4.7) was loaded on a 10% gel, and after SDS-PAGE, the gel was stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue and destained. Molecular weights of the prestained protein markers are indicated on the left. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3534202_fig3s1_176361.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Raw RESOLFT images of Figure 3A.No image processing was applied. Shown are PtK2 cells expressing Vimentin-rsEGFP2: initial confocal (left) and subsequent RESOLFT images taken every 100 s. Scale bar: 1 µm.DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00248.011 |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_heart/train_2701.jpg | Does tuberculosis show heart, marked right ventricular hypertrophy due to pulmonary hypertension? | no |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3100835_f2-ijms-11-05323_96668.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Morphological changes in breast cancer cells induced by cucurbitacin B. Upper (1, 2, 3, and 4): Phase-contrast photomicrographs of untreated SKBR-3, HBL-100, MCF-7 and T47D cells. Lower (5, 6, 7, and 8): SKBR3, HBL-100, MCF-7 and T47D cells treated with cucurbitacin B at IC50 for 48 h. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/illus_other/train_1557.jpg | What does not connect with another fiber other frame shows dilated sarcoplasmic reticulum ? | electron micrographs demonstrating |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_37220.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Radiograph from immediate postoperative period |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3658989_F7_205641.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Histopathological examinations of central coagulation necrosis area in patient with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. (A, B, and C) Histological examination of the lung tissue from autopsied patients with invasive pulmonary aspergillosis revealed pulmonary aspergillosis showing Y-shape hyphae with septa. Massive angioinvasion was observed in the coagulation necrosis background. Since alveolar space was filled by plasma exudation, the air content was not remained (Photomicrographs stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Elastica van Gieson, and Grocott stains, respectively. Scale bars represent 1000 μm). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2910496_fig1_69916.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Axial fluid attenuation recovery (FLAIR) MR images show symmetric abnormal hyperintensity in the cerebellar tonsils and inferior, middle, and superior cerebellar peduncles. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_48329.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Note the relatively small size of the (R)SVC. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2682654_pone-0005697-g006_38516.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Immunohistochemical detection of phospho-synapsin protein following ethanol treatment in WT and ACKO mice.(A) Representative coronal sections at 20× magnification demonstrate robust induction of phospho-synapsin in the cortex and hippocampus of ethanol-treated WT mice compared to saline controls. DKO mice demonstrate no induction of phospho-synapsin in either brain region following ethanol treatment compared to saline controls. (B) Representative coronal sections at 40× magnification demonstrate robust induction of phospho-synapsin in the hippocampus of ethanol-treated WT and AC8KO mice. In contrast, AC1KO mice impaired induction of phospho-synapsin in following ethanol treatment compared to WT and AC8KO mice. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820gl6s3yf071ugolc8gg0.jpg | Where in the image is the abnormality? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-right, Lower-right, Center-left, Center-right, Upper-center, Lower-center |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3914326_fig3_264301.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Histopathologic examination of liver tissue by light microscopy; immunohistochemical staining of liver tissues with immunoperoxidase method revealed strong and diffuse reactivity; (a) control group (b) I/R applied group, (c) I/R+ADA applied group, immunoperoxidase stained Anti-CPS1 antibody. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic25060.jpg | what plane is the image acquired in? | sagittal |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2799409_F9_53596.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | A luminal domain of AtGCSI is sufficient for targeting a Golgi marker into the ER. (A-C) XYLT35 and ST-mRFP are targeted to the Golgi when expressed in Nicotiana tabacum leaf epidermal cells. (D-F, G-I) XYLT35-GCSlum81 or XYLT35-GCSlum60 where co-expressed with ST-mRFP. Both fusion proteins containing a 81 or a 60 aa long luminal domain of AtGCSI fused to the Golgi marker XYLT35 (XYLT35-GCSlum81 and XYLT35-GCSlum60 respectively) are targeted to the ER. Bars = 8 μm. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv08zxg074y2w4lbms9.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3304979_F2_130098.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | 3D CMR perfusion of the same patient demonstrating good anatomical agreement of the perfusion defect and ischaemic burden by semi-quantitative scoring. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3804596_pone-0076797-g001_238797.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Representative T2-weighted coronal MRI images of an emu in SAON group.(A) baseline before SAON-induction; (B) at week 2 post SAON-induction, showing edema (dotted circle) in the proximal femur; and (C) at week 12 post SAON-induction, showing decreased edema (arrow) in the proximal femur. No collapse was found in the first 12 weeks after LPS-MPS induction. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3691276_pone-0067415-g004_213544.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner |
obst-A and gasp mutants show defects in luminal tracheal matrix.(a–d) Confocal microscopy projections of the trachea labeled with a FITC-conjugated chitin-binding probe (ChtB). The filamentous chitin is detected in the wild-type embryos at stage 16 (a). The chitin staining intensity is weaker in the obst-A (b), gasp (c) and obst-A; gasp (d) mutant embryos. (e–h) Optical sections of tracheal tubes stained for Verm. Verm is secreted to the tracheal lumen in wild-type embryos at stage 16 (e). The amount of secreted Verm is reduced in both obst-A (f) and gasp (g) single mutant embryos and obst-A; gasp (h) double mutant embryos. Scale bar: 10 µm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2494999_F1_26248.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | T2-weighted axial magnetic resonance imaging scan showing a high-signal (fluid) cortical mass (arrows) with an irregular low-signal capsule. The collecting system is dilated (arrowheads). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4316965_f2-etm-09-03-0717_355488.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | (A) Axial reconstruction showing CT imaging (the arrow indicates pelvic lymphadenopathy). (B) Axial 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT scan showing the maximum standardised uptake value: 4.2 (the arrow indicates pelvic lymph node metastasis). CT, computed tomography. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4637842_F2_442407.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Scan of the calcaneus with a discrete fracture without dislocation of the bone: Conventional X-ray taken at the initial examination |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3635896_F2_200787.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Neuropathological findings of the biopsy specimen from the right parietal lobe of the patient with CAA-ri. (A) Multifocal lymphocytic infiltrates around the leptomeningeal-parenchymal blood vessels, with hyaline thickening and splitting of the walls (double-barrel formation) (hematoxylin-eosin); (B) The perivascular lymphocytic infiltrates consisting primarily of UCHL1 + T cells (serial section of [A]; UCHL1 immunostain); (C) An affected blood vessel, showing perivascular multinucleated giant cells (arrows) (hematoxylin-eosin); (D) Dense deposition of Aβ protein in the affected blood vessel wall (serial section of [C]; Aβ immunostain). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3479025_F4_161688.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Subcellular localization of TaeIF5A1. The TaeIF5A1–GFP fusion construct and the GFP control plasmid were introduced into the onion epidermal cells by particle bombardment. Expression of the introduced genes was examined after 48 h by fluorescence and light microscopy. (a, d) GFP fluorescence; (b, e) onion peel cells imaged under bright field; (c, f) merge of bright field and fluorescence. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4428079_F8_385308.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Intravital two photon microscopy of cardiomyocyte function and structure in the beating heart. (A) Two-photon microscopy imaging reveals subcellular structures in individual cardiomyocytes in the contracting heart. Using prospective sequential segmented microscopy, motion-artifact-free images can be formed at every point in the cardiac cycle, enabling visualization of myocytes' contractions. (B) Measurement of a single myocyte contractile cycle. The mean sarcomere length is calculated over the region of interest indicated in the red box in A, at every point in the cardiac cycle by Fourier transform analysis of the sarcomere striations. Adapted from Aguirre et al. (2014). (Scale bar; 20 μm.). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2747405_F0003_46413.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | DAVF Type 2b: Selective right ICA (A), ECA (B) and vertebral artery (VA) (lateral view) (C) angiograms show DAVF type 2 b, with feeders from dural branches (arrow) of the ICA, posterior meningeal branch of the middle meningeal artery (arrow) and dural branches (arrow) from the V3 segment of the vertebral artery, draining antegradely through the straight sinus with venous reflux. Post-treatment selective right ICA (D), ECA (E), and VA (lateral view) (F) angiograms show coils (arrows) packing the vein of Galen and the straight sinus, with near-total obliteration of the fistula and cortical venous reflux |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2884036_pone-0011078-g001_65974.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | XFM analysis of the mammary gland from non-lactating and lactating mice.Mouse mammary gland (20 µm) was visualized by phase contrast microscopy (20× magnification) and analyzed using XFM. The alveoli lumen (L) is surrounded by a single layer of mammary epithelial cells (MEC). The corresponding element (phosphorus, P; zinc, Zn) and its minimum and maximum threshold values in micrograms per square centimeter are given above each image. The rainbow-colored scale bar reflects the signal intensity measured as micrograms per square centimeter in each pixel, with darker pixels representing areas of low concentration and brighter pixels representing areas of increasing concentration. A scale bar (20 µm) is shown below the elemental maps. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3643879_F1_202720.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Brain responses to smoking cues relative to non-smoking cues. For females crosshairs are centered on the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC), for males crosshairs are centered on the ventral striatum (VS), and for direct comparisons between males and females crosshairs are centered on the left hippocampus/amygdala (H-A). Representative fMRI sagittal, axial, and coronal brain slices analyzed in SPM8 and overlain on the MNI brain. T values range from 3.10 to 4.19, corrected at p < 0.005. Images are displayed neurologically (left is left). An interactive visual display of all brain data in all three planes can be found at http://franklinbrainimaging.com. |
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