image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_2/PMC3914185_fig5_264186.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Patient with Large Colloid Drusen in both eyes. (a), (c) Color fundus photographs show large drusen in the macular area and in the periphery of the retina. (b), (d) SD-OCT shows hyperreflective deposits located above the RPE (white arrows). An abrupt interruption of both the inner band of RPE and IS/OS interface appears at the border of these hyperreflective lesions. Hyporeflective cysts are observed in the inner retina along with an epiretinal membrane (black arrow). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4438158_fig3_388006.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | CT scan with contrast showing a thoracic aortic dissection involving the ascending aorta and descending aorta, with an intramural hematoma in the descending aorta. (a)–(d) show coronal sections at different levels. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4313095_f5_354401.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Expression and localization of annexin A2 in human tissues.Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the differences in protein expression in human umbilical vein/artery, squamous cell lung cancer, and kidney cancer tissues. These tissues were incubated with anti-annexin A2 mAb and then (a–d) observed at ×40 for full-vision images and (e–h) at ×200 for partial vision images. The brown color represents positive identification with the anti-annexin A2 mAb. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3786835_f3-etm-06-02-0579_234470.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | (A) Panoramic radiograph showing a multicystic ameloblastoma in the left mandibular body and angle (arrows). (B) Recurrence of the lesion destroying the body, angle and ramus (arrows). (C) Simulation of tumor resection on a three-dimensional stereolithographic model and pre-bending of the reconstruction plate. (D). Radiograph after segmental mandibulectomy and reconstruction with a fibula free flap. (E) Three-dimensional reconstruction of preoperative planning and outcome after surgical treatment was performed using AYRA software. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic51612.jpg | is this a ct scan? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3885728_pone-0085559-g004_257535.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | The BLI of subcutaneous tumor model. Continuous BLI light intensity observation of the subcutaneous tumor model from day 0 to day 12. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3133677_fig06_101888.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Expression patterns of zWisp1-c16, zWISP2-c23, and zCyr61-c8 detected by in situ hybridization. a–d: Photographs of 52 hours postfertilization (hpf) embryos demonstrating colocalization of zWisp1-c16 and thyroglobulin. zWisp1-c16 expression is indicated in blue (a–d) and thyroglobulin expression in red (c,d). Y, yolk. e–g: Photographs of zebrafish embryos staged at 70 hpf demonstrating zWISP2-c23 expression in the pharyngeal arches; g is at higher magnification and with a deeper focal view of the arches seen in f. h: Photograph of a 24 hpf embryo demonstrating zCyr61-c8 expression in prechordal plate (arrow). Scale bars = 100 μm in a–c and g, 50 μm in d –f. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/illus_drawing/train_0675.jpg | Are the atypical dysplastic squamous cells shown by circles? | no |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4603664_pone.0139874.g002_432753.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Week 4 NAFLD IVIM data mapping image of rat.(a) Axial diffusion-weighted image of liver (b = 200 sec/mm2); (b) Dfast mapping image; (c) Dtrue mapping image; (d) Pfraction mapping image. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3310745_F3_131169.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Angiogram of the aortic arch in Case 1 after insertion of a closure device, showing no contrast extravasation or vessel narrowing. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic46471.jpg | what organ systems can be evaluated with this mri? | spine and contents |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4183111_F7_324608.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | White matter tracts that are usually prone to measurement error. (A) The body of the corpus callosum (top arrow) and the body of the fornix (bottom arrow) are often problematic because they are adjacent to cerebrospinal fluid. The cingulum bundle, (B) which is typically less vulnerable at the level of the posterior cingulate, (C) is sometimes prone to partial volume contamination and other types of measurement error in the parahippocampal region due to its thinner physical appearance (Jones et al., 2013a) and its closer proximity to rostral temporal areas known to be affected by magnetic susceptibility artifacts. Note in addition that orbitofrontal white matter is also vulnerable to such artifacts. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4454759_fig1_393148.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Computed tomogram shows right pleural effusion, web-like filling defects, and endoluminal thromboemboli extending into the right and left pulmonary artery. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4600569_fig1_431832.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Prenatal ultrasonographic and postnatal radiographic findings. Prenatal ultrasonography revealed bilateral hydrocele with peritesticular calcification at 28 weeks' gestation (a), while postnatal radiography demonstrated scrotal calcification without abdominal calcification (b, c). (c) was an enlarged view of the dotted circle in (b). Arrow indicated calcification. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4381080_F5_373678.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Egr-1 and JunB genes are positioned at nuclear periphery and co-localize with the INM-targeted Cav-2 in response to insulin. The in situ localization of Egr-1 and JunB genes at the nuclear periphery was determined by FISH in Hirc-B cells treated with or without 100 nM insulin for 30 min. Representative images of single confocal sections of nuclei show the immunostained Cav-2 (green), FISH signal (red) and DAPI (blue). The arrows in the merge panel indicate the positive signals in the Alexa Fluor 594-labeled Egr-1 (A) and JunB (B) specific DNA probes. The images on the right show magnifications of the areas framed in the merge images. Scale bars, 20 μm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0946.jpg | What is there of epithelial cells involving predominantly proximal convoluted tubule diffusely? | extensive necrosis |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4265328_Fig9_344484.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. |
Microscopic images of H&E-stained sections indicating inflammatory cells in silk sericin-releasing bacterial nanocellulose gel and the commercial available paper mask after subcutaneous implantation for 3, 7, 14, and 28 days.
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splits/subfolder_2/PMC4070290_fig2_300945.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) of left eye. Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patient affected from vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT) and coexisting epiretinal membrane (ERM) in area perifoveal. Scans above (a) and under the fovea (b) and (c). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3700040_F2_215352.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Stained hair follicles by immunohistochemistry technique in 1 day old newborns (magnification 100X). As it is observed in laminin expression in hypothyroid group (H) significant increase and in hyperthyroid (T) significant decrease and in treated hypothyroid with levothyroxin (HT) rather than control group, no significant difference was observed |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4197286_Fig2_327874.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail |
3D FISH of Roberts sub-chromosomal domain territories. Views of Imaris® reconstructions of trophoblasts and fibroblasts nuclei after three-dimensional FISH with probes for PH1 (Chr1), centromeric régions of chromosome 4 (Chr4), 9 (Chr9) and 16 (Chr16). Cells were counterstained with DAPI (blue). (A) Control cells hybridized with PH1 probe (trophoblasts: red probe and a fibroblast: green probe). (B) RBS cells with split signal of one or two territories (chr 1, chr 4, chr 9 and chr 16). (C) Focus on split spots of PH1 showing the bridge between the two signals (arrows). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3753766_fig3_227579.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Mechanical test on analogical material. (a) is the specimen mould. (b) is the specimens for UCS. (c) is the specimens for direct shear test. (d) is the Brazilian test. (e) is the uniaxial test. (f) is the direct shear test. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC1277860_f6-ehp0113-000170_3787.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Human MDMs (magnification, 11,000×) 24 hr after exposure to C/Fe particulates. Note tendency for fine particulates to form a loose agglomerate. Some particulates are still within membrane-bound phagolysosomes. The nucleus appears to be nearly structurally normal. Bar = 2 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4520473_pone.0134761.g003_410759.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging of glioblastoma.Glioblastoma, centered in the left frontal lobe, as seen on axial, contrast-enhanced, T1-weighted imaging (A). IVIM-derived f shows increased perfusion in the corresponding, solid, enhancing lesion of the tumor (B). IVIM-derived D shows a similar D value to that of the surrounding, normal white matter (C). A diffusion signal decay as a function of multiple b values within the tumor solid area is biexponential (D). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3948910_Fig16_273181.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | A 64-year-old man with prostate carcinoma treated with brachytherapy. Routine follow-up unenhanced CT reveals multiple radio-dense seeds in the prostate and several which have migrated out of the prostate revealed both on the scout tomogram (a) and axial CT images (b). Seeds are located in the right gluteus maximus and right pelvic veins (black arrows) and embedded in the right ventricle (open white arrows). Seed migration is common, occurring in up to 25 % of patients and should be noted on follow-up imaging |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3961108_f3-etm-07-04-0811_275567.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Microscopic findings of the liver biopsy specimen showed (A) steatosis, ballooning degeneration, (B) lobular inflammation, and (C) zone III perisinusoidal fibrosis on admission. (A and B) Hematoxylin and eosin staining (magnification, ×40) and (C) Masson’s trichrome staining (magnification, ×20). (D) All morphological findings were ameliorated after 1 year (hematoxylin and eosin staining; magnification, ×40). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4661827_ijms-16-25968-f005_448305.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | VEGF expression and vessel density in tissue samples of retinaculum were dependent upon disease severity. Serial sections of three grades (I–III) were stained with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Von Willebrand’s factor (vWF) antibodies. More blood vessels were distributed in the grade II and grade III tissues of retinaculum (immunohistochemical staining, 400× magnification, scale bar = 10 μm). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3603714_fig1_193427.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | (a) CT shows a large cyst in the upper abdominal area. (b) EUS shows the cyst wall was 3 mm. The wall was not adhered to the gastric wall, as relative movement was observed. (c) After the needle puncture, cyst (red arrow) fluid will leak into the omental bursa. After cystotome dilation and stent placement, fluid leak (green arrow) begins to increase. (d) A large collection of fluid, measuring 3 cm, is seen below the cyst. (e) Transmural approach by a cystotome. (f) Intraperitoneal drainage by a 7 Fr nasobiliary catheter. (g) Drainage catheters seen on X-ray. (h) Pancreatic pseudocyst size is diminished, as confirmed by CT. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3362038_fig4_139700.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | High-magnification images of the histological sections of wound enclosure on day 10 after surgery in diabetic rats that are shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(d). The tissue shown in (a) harbors comparatively more inflammatory cells (mononuclear cells) than the tissue shown in (d). The tissue shown in (d) shows comparatively more collagen deposition in the wound area and increased angiogenesis relative to the tissue shown in (a) (H & E stain, magnification 40×). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic59533.jpg | what plane is the image acquired in? | axial |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2318.jpg | Is hematologic present? | yes |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05904.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | CT (anteroposterior view) of original OO in right long finger proximal phalanx before surgical excision. The initial radiologic diagnosis was chronic osteomyelitis. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4204939_pone-0110904-g008_329547.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Effect of NaHS on lipid peroxidation and the loss of plasma membrane integrity in roots under Se(IV) stress.The roots were exposed to water, 0.06 mM of Se(IV), 0.06 mM of Se(IV) and 0.5 mM of NaHS, and 0.5 mM of NaHS for 48 h. Then the roots were stained with Schiff's reagent (A), and Evan blue (B) for imaging, respectively. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic57586.jpg | is this an mri image? | no |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3978575_F1_279614.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Examples of the AutoDensity breast density segmentation process on three cranio-caudal-view digitised film mammograms. Examples shown are from three women with different breast densities, from each of the lowest quintile (Q1), third quintile (Q3) and upper decile (D10) of the population distribution of dense area. For each woman, the breast density segmentation process is illustrated using (A) the input mammogram, (B) the dense area outline, and (C) the dense area mask. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2754662_pone-0007364-g001_47207.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | AtIPS1 accumulates in the nucleus and the cytoplasm of transiently transformed BY-2 cells.BY-2 protoplasts were transformed with a PromAtIPS1::AtIPS1-GFP construct. GFP fluorescence was observed 24 h later using a confocal microscope. (A) GFP fluorescence. (B) Transmission image. (C) Optical section used for GFP quantification. (D) GFP quantification on section shown on panel C. GFP was quantified along the graduated line. Scale bar = 25 µm for panels A–B. On panel B, the position of the nucleus is indicated by the letter n. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_04727.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Barium upper GI series showing a stricture (arrow) in the transition of the second to the third portion of the duodenum. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3785460_pone-0076380-g006_234215.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. |
LdFlabarin binds and tubulates liposomes in vitro.Electron micrographs of liposomes incubated with purified recombinant LdFlabarin-His6 (A–C, F) with LdFlabarin without His-tag (E) or with BSA (D). |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4280949_f2-etm-09-02-0451_347789.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Immunohistochemical staining for myocardial TNF-α and IL-1β expression. Brown staining indicates the cells with positive expression (scale bar, 50 mm; magnification, ×20). DM, diabetes mellitus; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4428449_F4_385388.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | (A) A schematic illustration of QD-Apt(Dox) Bi-FRET. Confocal laser scanning microscopy images of QD-Apt DOX conjugates incubated in PSMA-expressing LNCaP cells at (B) 0 h and (C) 1.5 h. DOX and QDs are shown in red and green, respectively, and the lower right images in each panel represent an overlay of DOX and QD fluorescence (Bagalkot et al., 2007), © 2007, American Chemical Society. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic16425.jpg | was iv contrast given to the patient? | no |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1688.jpg | Is endometritis postpartum present? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3389242_Fig5_143822.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Assessment of acute effects of intervention. a Patient with edge dissection after stent implantation at the bifurcation segment. b Intra-stent dissection following stent implantation at the left circumflex artery. c Tissue protrusion (9 to 10 o’clock) following stent implantation at the middle left anterior descending artery. d Stent protrusion to the diagonal branch following primary percutaneous intervention at the left anterior descending artery without kissing balloon dilation |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4377000_Fig4_372515.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see |
Histological appearance of tumor (H&E). A Microscopic appearance of the tissue specimen dissected from the fibula lesion shows a vaguely lobulated neoplastic hyaline cartilage separated by fibrous bands and focal myxoid change (×40). B High-power photomicrograph shows the enlarged tumor cells with moderate grade of atypia and exhibits multiple, enlarged grotesque nuclei. Mitoses can be seen (×200). C The tumor cells were seen in the Volkman canal (×200). D, E High-power photomicrograph of the tissue specimen from the needle biopsy of ilium shows a cartilaginous lesion with hypercellularity and cytologic atypia (×100, ×200, respectively). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3468438_pone-0047021-g004_159705.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Histopathology of the tumor tissues and liver of mice following MESB treatment.Histopathalogical sections of thigh and liver of a tumor bearing mouse with and without treatment with MESB after 30th day A(a–f) and C(a–f) and 45th day B(a–f) and D(a–f) of development of tumor. Magnification shown are 10x (a, c and e in all panels) and 40x (b, d and f in all panels). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_43867.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | An axial T2-weighted MRI of the head and neck region (36th week of pregnancy). The outline of the heterogeneous left parotid lesion is again clearly demarcated and tissue planes preserved. The oropharyngeal lumen is distorted. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_75067.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Non-contrast computed tomography of thorax shows a cystic lesion with air-fluid level (arrow) and collapsed endocyst (arrow head) lying in the dependent part of the cyst ("Water-lily sign") |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4364124_fig2_368796.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | (a) Celiac angiography demonstrates a saccular aneurysm (arrow) 2 cm distal to the origin of the common hepatic artery (CHA). (b) Celiac angiography after embolization of the right hepatic artery and CHA (arrow) shows the occluded aneurysm. Incidentally migrated coils (arrowhead) are seen in the distal part of the RHA. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2760210_fig2_47804.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | CT scan of the lesion (dark arrow indicates the lesion). |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4303861_nutrients-07-00682-f006_352446.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Photomicrographs of liver sections obtained from (A) Normal group, (B) Alcohol group, (C) Alcohol + Silymarin group (Silymarin, 50 mg/kg), and (D) Alcohol + maltol (50 mg/kg) (magnification, all 100×, Bar: 100 μm). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3691639_F3_213654.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Observation of worms exposed to compound AR9 under optical microscopy. A. Worms treated with 5 μg/ml of AR9 for 48 h; B. treatment with 10 μg/ml of AR9 for 72 h; C. Positive control group, treatment with 5 μg/ml of PZQ for 48 h; D. Negative control, treatment with AR9 carrier only for 72 h. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glds49f071uelg59ub0.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3649753_fig2_203592.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Microscopic findings of the lung tissues stained with hematoxylin and eosin. (a) Sham operation group. The lung tissues showed normal to minimal pulmonary inflammation. (b) CLP group. The lung tissues showed severe pulmonary inflammation. (c) Small dose (5 μg/kg) group. The lung tissues showed severe pulmonary inflammation. (d) Medium dose (10 μg/kg) group. The lung tissues showed moderate pulmonary inflammation. (e) Large dose (20 μg/kg) group. The lung tissues showed mild pulmonary inflammation. (magnification 200x). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_1235.jpg | Is Anencephaly present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3129309_F1_101346.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Stepwise example of whole mount digital image analysis. (A) original color image, (B) image converted to gray scale and lymph nodes marked, (C) lymph nodes excised and epithelia circumscribed as an AOI (green). (D) flattened image, (E) high contrast enhancement applied, (F) setting image threshold, (G) inverted digital mask, (H) extracted epithelia (I) measured epithelia (J) extracted interductal fat pad (K) measured interductal fat pad, (L) total measurement. Bars = 0.5 cm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4694972_F1_457408.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Establishment of CRMAC murine model in WT and Wads−/− miceMice were sacrificed 4, 8 and 20 weeks after AOM injection, respectively. Sections obtained from model mice and normal control mice were stained with HE for histopathological assessment. At week 4, both WT and Wads−/− mice showed dysplasia of colonic glands. Adenomas were observed at week 8. At week 20, typical adenocarcinoma appeared both in WT mice and Wads−/− mice. Views in the frames of upper panel are zoomed in in lower panel. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3691905_fig2_213708.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Dynamic CT scans of the chest, in plane (a), arterial (b), portal in-flow (c), and equilibrium (d), show a well-defined, lobulated, soft-tissue mass with small calcifications in the right lower lobe. The periphery of the mass was strongly enhanced in the arterial phase, and the parenchyma of the mass was heterogeneously enhanced in the portal in-flow to equilibrium phase. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3553423_F3_181104.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Relationship of rank vector entropy to the auditory evoked response to rare and frequent tone bursts. (A) Average of entropy time series for left primary auditory cortex; (B) average overlay of 275 MEG sensors; (C) RVE image of combined rare and frequent tones at 100 ms; (D) RVE image of frequent tones at 100 ms; (E) RVE image of rare tones at 100 ms; (F) RVE image of rare tones at 700 ms latency. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2799677_pone-0008648-g002_53636.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Amphipathic αK helix is responsible for lysosomal targeting of full length Irgm1 protein.MEFs were transfected with plasmids encoding either Irgm1 wild type (a–c) or the ins 362, 367E mutant (d–f) for 24 hours in the absence of IFNγ. Cells were then fixed and stained for Irgm1 and LAMP1. Wild type Irgm1 is strongly associated with the LAMP1 positive compartment, while Irgm1 ins 362, 367E mutant showed granular signals throughout cytoplasm which do not overlap with LAMP1 signals. Nuclei were labelled with DAPI. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4333894_Fig2_360241.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner |
Images of acute pneumonitis. A follow-up chest X-ray shows increasing extents of peribronchial consolidations and infiltrations in the left upper lung (A). A chest computed tomography reveals extensive parenchymal consolidations in the whole left lungs, air-fluid levels within the emphysematous bullae, and multiple reactive mediastinal lymph nodes; all of these findings indicated a suspicious of pneumonia (B, C, D). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3681725_pgen-1003563-g003_211174.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Kidney defects in 8 dpf dxavu463 mutant zebrafish.(A) Toluidine blue staining in pre-TEM sections at 8 dpf. Various sized vacuoles were observed in the dxa mutants. (B) ORO staining showing marked increase in lipids in dxa mutants. (C) TEM of kidney epithelium in wild type (left) and dxa mutants (right). Green colored regions indicate rod-shaped mitochondria in the kidney. (D) Filipin staining again shows free cholesterol accumulation in the cytosol of kidney cells. N, nuclei. Scale bar = 50 µm (A, B, D) and 2 µm (C). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4284989_fig3_348737.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | MRI angioscan (FLASH 3D coronal images after Gd-chelate administration). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qb1emf0832hhnhdj47.jpg | Is there text? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4306249_fig4_352892.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Intraoral and panoramic views 1 month after the extractions. (a) Postoperative panoramic radiograph. (b, c) Postoperative intraoral views of the patient. (d, e) Space maintainers were prepared for maxillary and mandibular regions. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3791290_f0030_236113.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Hippocampal microinfarct.An HT2H, located in the gray matter, was identified on the ex vivo T2 weighted MR image (voxel size 0.4 × 0.4 × 0.4 mm3) of a formalin-fixed brain slice (A; box enlarged in a'). The corresponding location was also hyperintense on FLAIR, presuming this lesion to be ischemic (voxel size 0.4 × 0.4 × 0.4 mm3) (B; box enlarged in b'). After histopathological analysis this MR finding proved to be a microinfarct (C; arrows). The ischemic nature of this lesion becomes more clear when zoomed-in (D; triangle indicates microinfarct boundaries) (CD; HE stain; scale bars indicate 1 mm). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3226567_F2_117508.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Representative photomicrographs of double immunofluorescence (MPO and F4/80) of the urinary bladder mucosa isolated from mice that received 4 weekly instillations of BCG (A and D), VEGF165 (B and E), and VEGF121 (C and F). Qualitatively all stimuli induced the migration of both F4/80+ macrophages and MPO+ neutrophils. Quantification of the results is being present in Figures 3 and 4 and summarized on Table 1. D, E, and F correspond to magnification of the original dashed box area of the respective figures A, B, and C. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzjdp8s086u5k6p93i3.jpg | Are there any instruments in the image? | Tube |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_50886.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | A combination of cologram and contrast in the urinary bladder excluded a fistula. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4449986_F0003_391503.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Flair weighted MRI sequences showing brainstem lesions with ventral localization |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_05160.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Endoscopy: stent placement in Wirsung duct by ERCP |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4605624_pone.0138674.g009_433368.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Micrograph of Thermus aquaticus Y51MC23 layered structure in anaerobic culture.Clumps of cells were re-suspended in sterile water and stained with SYTO® 9 (green fluroescence) using 484 nm excitation and 500 nm emission filters (left panel) or propidium iodide (red fluorescence) using 536 nm excitation and 617 nm emission filters (right panel). Dark field fluorescence microscopy was performed using a Nikon Eclipse TE2000-S epifluorescence microscope at 2000X magnification and a high-pressure Hg light source. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qb1emj0832h81ia67l.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Colonoscopy |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4195836_Fig2_327449.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | CT of the normal azygos venous system. Contrast-enhanced CT axial images show the normal appearance of the azygos vein arching from the right paraspinal space to the superior vena cava (a). The azygos vein runs longitudinally on the right side of the thoracic vertebral bodies (a). The hemiazygos vein runs on the left side of the spine (b) until anastomosis with the azygos vein on T8-9 as shown in the sagittal and coronal view (c–d) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3655489_fig2_204834.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Panoramic radiograph showing well-defined periapical radiolucency in relation to apices of the maxillary left second premolar and first molar (a). Axial (b), coronal (c), sagittal, and three dimensional view of the anatomical variation of maxillary sinus. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/val/illus_other/train_2361.jpg | What does this image show? | x-ray close-up of right femoral head from pelvic x-ray gross |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4427623_Fig3_385170.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Co-localization of dually phosphorylated MAPKs at Thr/Tyr and β-tubulin in interphase cells and during successive stages of mitosis in P. sativum. a–d Immunodetection of dually phosphorylated MAPKs, (a’–d’ immunodetection of β-tubulin, a”–d” DAPI staining, b’’’–d’’’ scatter plots of representative images. R depicts mean values of Pearson’s correlation coefficient above a threshold, n indicates number of analyzed mitotic figures. Bar 10 µm |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3639073_F2_201754.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | (a) Preoperative cardiac CT showing a left ventricular cystic mass with snake or serpent sign; (b) Postoperative CT showing no recurrence of the cyst during follow up. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3877953_F2_255576.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Pretreatment (above) and intra-therapeutic (below) 68Ga-DOTATOC PET/CT images of a patient. The patient has liver and bone metastases of a P-NET (tail of the pancreas) and high hepatic tumor disease burden. The significant increase of tumor-to-nontumor SUV ratios (SUVT/L and SUVT/S) after 177Lu-octreotate administration (+111.4% and +142.2%, respectively, both p < 0.001) is visible on the images. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qk1ezj08327ys77tv5.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | Yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4356984_f3_366798.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | 3D visualization of the flight muscles.(a) Rendering of dorsoventral muscle (DVM) with markers (wing beat stage: ventral stroke reversal). The dorsal longitudinal muscles (DLMs) are hidden behind other muscles in these visualizations. Three marker pairs were manually chosen in the region of the attachment site of the first unit of the DVM. The frontal (l-f), medial (l-m) and hind (l-h) legs are visible as is the attachment point of the fly holder (+). (b) Magnification of the ventral area of (a) with paths of the three markers at the ventral attachment site of DVM1. (c) Length oscillation and strain estimates of the first unit of the dorsoventral muscle (DVM1). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4521931_pone.0134727.g007_411039.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Differential expression revealed by cell staining.HCV29, KK47, and YTS1 cells were cultured and stained with six antibodies directed to identified proteins (MAGEA4, THY1, IGF2BP1, VIM, CTNNB1, FN1) labeled with Cy3 as described in M&M. Images are shown of merge images of Cy3-conjugated antibodies and DAPI staining of nuclei (objective magnification 60×). Scale bars: 70 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3406029_pone-0041410-g005_146887.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | SPECT-CT imaging.SPECT-CT images of pre-targeted and non-targeted 99mTc-liposomes 4 h (A–B) and 24 h (C–D) after injection of liposomes, administrated either i.v. (A, C ) or i.p. (B, D). Neutravidin-cetuximab was injected to pre-targeted groups and PBS to non-targeted groups i.p. 24 h before liposome injections. Tumors are marked with white circles on the figures. Minimum and maximum values of intensity were adjusted to the same scale for 4 h images and for 24 h images, respectively. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4063971_pone-0100517-g002_299997.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Histological findings in needle liver biopsy specimen from the patient who showed null-response (Table 3).The pre-treatment biopsy specimen obtained at 13 weeks after AHC diagnosis showed stage 2 fibrosis (F2) according to the classification of chronic hepatitis C (New Inuyama Classification). (A and B) Formation of bridging fibrosis by fibrous and cellular expansion in the portal tract. (C) Magnified view showing centrilobular piece-meal necrosis (green arrow), acid folic body (yellow arrow) and spotty necrosis (red arrow). (A) Hematoxylin-eosin stain, x100, (B) Silver impregnation stain, x100, (C) Hematoxylin-eosin stain, x400. PEG-IFN: pegylated interferon, RBV: ribavirin, AHC: acute C hepatitis. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3674742_fig44_209416.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | 6-month followup IOPA radiograph. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4340936_pone.0117029.g007_362474.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Task-related modulation in BOLD signal at Win $5 relative to the baseline of the MIDT task.A. Color on the brain images shows task-related increases and decreases in BOLD signal as revealed by GLM-based analyses. The color bar indicates t values. B1, B2, and B3. Color on the brain images shows regions covered by positive, negative, and neutral ICs, respectively. The color bar indicates number of overlapping ICs. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3860154_fig1_251129.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | (a) Identification of bread clip wedged into subglottic airway. (b) Using a flexible endoscope with a working channel, a cupped biopsy forceps is introduced into the laryngeal introitus and used to grasp the foreign body. (c) The bread clip is easily withdrawn with the cupped forceps and ultimately removed transorally. (d) The removed foreign body, covered with purulent secretions. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_08099.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | The mandible of a 17m old pig showing the volume of the mandibular canal.The volume of mandibular canal (VCM) appears in green and the length of mandibular canal (LCM) as the dashed red line. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4023534_F9_289425.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Representative liver images from Duopafei-treated mice. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 indicate individual mice (n = 6) bearing 4Tl primary tumors with a diameter of 1–2 mm. Red arrows indicate metastatic foci in the liver. (Scale bar: 200 μm). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3695083_pone-0067204-g006_214409.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | IGF-1 overexpression promoted hippocampal neuronal survival at 72 h after severe brain injury.Representative images of the ipsilateral hippocampus (HP) from Nissl-stained brain sections illustrate pallor or thinning of CA-3 and CA-1 areas of pyramidal layer (arrows) in wildtype (WT) mice. Higher magnification images from DG, CA-3 and CA-1 areas demonstrate hilar and CA-3 neuronal loss and thinning of the CA-1 pyramidal layer. IGF-1 overexpressing (IGF-1Tg) mice showed marked neuroprotection in each hippocampal subregion. Arrowheads point to hilar neurons. Scale bars = 500 µm (top HP panel), 100 µm for DG panel, 50 µm for CA-3 and CA-1 panels. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4450456_Fig3_391752.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. |
a) A large insulinoma of the pancreatic tail was detected with 111In-DOTA-exendin-4 SPECT/CT and b) resected laparoscopically (pancreatic tail resection). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4567827_Fig8_423032.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Post-treatment images of patient 5 showing adipose tissue damage. Coronal image through the abdominal fat layer (upper and lower left), axial (upper middle and right, lower middle) and sagittal (lower right) image through the middle of the treatment area |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_34522.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | The same patient in Fig. 1 with bilateral pleural effusion is seen in CT scanning of the chest |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_20517.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | Pancreatic cancer seen in the pancreatic head |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4340252_F3_362133.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Radiographic results for two typical patients: out of brace for both patients (initial curve), with the StdBrace or with the NewBrace (depending of the randomization), in the postero-anterior view. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3732258_pone-0071889-g001_222279.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Drug tests on permeabilized embryos.Confocal images of embryos expressing GFP-tubulin and mCherry-histone are shown. The posterior of the embryos are to the right. The control embryo treated with 5% DMSO divided normally. The white arrowhead points to the microtubule fibres, which were observed in all embryos before drug addition. Embryos treated with nocodazole and paclitaxel did not divide and microtubule fibres were seen in the time frame before drug addition indicated by white arrowheads. In nocodazole-treated embryo, fluorescence was visible only at the centrosomes (white arrows) and the centrosomes gradually drifted towards each other. In paclitaxel treated embryos, white arrows indicate tubulin aggregates in the cytoplasm. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic57200.jpg | what is the mr weighting in this image? | t2 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3701687_pone-0069093-g002_215778.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Differences observed in the PG-PS-induced erosive arthritis after prasugrel treatment.Histological examination of ankle joints of rats from different groups of sections stained with H&E at 2X and 10× magnifications (A and B, respectively). Sections from untreated animals (not shown) and prasugrel alone revealed no histopathological signs of inflammation. (C) CTGF expression was assessed with fluorescence microscopy (green – FITC). Images are representative of 4 different animals per group. Lower and right photographs underneath are representative of the control isotype stainings. (D) Histopathological score. Values plotted are the mean of the measurements ± SEM, (n = 4 per group) **p<0.01. b, bone; ss, synovial space; p, pannus. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4603576_Fig2_432736.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Tumor in spleen shows well-formed anastomosing vessel channels (a, HE 100×), proliferated endothelial cells with mild atypia (b, HE 400×), immunohistochemistry revealed positive staining of CD31 (c, 100×) and CD34 (d, 100×). Tumor cells from bone biopsy showed anastomosing vessel channels with proliferated endothelial cells without obvious malignant as that in spleen (e, HE 100×; f, HE 400×). Tumor cells from liver biopsy showed a handful of endothelial cells without obvious malignant (g, HE 100×) |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic38409.jpg | is this a ct scan? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2688252_F1_39270.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Identification of injected green fluorescent protein adenoviral vector infectedmesenchymal stem cells in nucleus pulposus tissue explants. Photomicrographs of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-positive cells in the injection sites of intervertebral disc tissue at 48 hours, 1 week, 2 weeks and 4 weeks post injection of mesenchymal stem cells infected with adenoviral vectors carrying the GFP transcript. Scale bar = 570 μm. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2757905_pone-0007408-g001_47384.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Histological features of steatosis.Tissue sections of 6 µm thickness were performed on paraffin embedded biopsies from normal liver or from fatty liver and stained with HES (hematoxylin, eosin and safran). Normal hepatic lobule without steatosis (left panel) or fatty liver area exhibiting macrovacuolar and microvesicular steatosis (right panel) are shown. Upper panel: ×100, lower panel: ×400. PT: portal tract, BD: biliary duct, PV: portal vein, HA: hepatic artery, CLV: centrilobular vein, SV: steatotic vacuole. |
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