image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/sfolder_1/PMC3070630_F1_91747.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Subcuatneous and Submucosal emphysema. A)Pharyngeal submucosal emphysema B) CT image with subcutaneous air C) The chest radiograph shows extensive subcutaneous emphysema D) The CT-scan shows pneumothorax , pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_1244.jpg | Is endometritis postpartum present? | no |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic18464.jpg | what plane is demonstrated? | pa |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4489376_F2_402184.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | MR thermometry guidance of HIFU thermal ablation of peripheral nerves. Temperature maps (top) indicate peak temperature of 82.5°C. Thermal dose maps (bottom) predict lesion size of 12.2 x 29.2 mm for a 12 mm diameter treatment cell. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC3917646_F2_265426.jpg | What is shown in this image? | A.- Maxillary occlusal view. B. - Pre-operative Intraoral periapical radiograph. C. - months post operative radiograph. D. - 6 months post operative radiograph. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2769468_fig-003_49555.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Magnetic Resonance Imaging revealed a well-circumscribed oval, lobular lipomatous mass that had high signal intensity on Tl-weighted images of the lesion. (a) Coronal section, (b) axial section. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3679993_F1_210783.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Indices to assess the correction of apical rotation. a) RAsag: the angle between the middle line of the apical body and the sagittal line by CT; b) RH: the distance between the right and left posterior rib humps in the lateral radiographs of apical vertebrae level; c) AVB-R: the ratio of linear measurements from lateral borders of apical vertebrae to chest wall in the anteroposterior radiograph (A/B); d) ARSD: the difference in the sums of the intercostal distances at the five periapical segments measured at the lateral transverse process by anteroposterior radiograph [(a+b+c+d+e) - (f+g+h+i+j)]. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_18504.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | A gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST). It has a characteristic hypoechoic appearance (T) and arises from the fourth layer of the gastric wall, the muscularis propria (MP). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3248134_F4_120516.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Nuclear β-catenin accumulation in well differentiated endometrial cancerImmunohistochemical staining for β-catenin of type I endometrial cancer showing areas with nuclear β-catenin accumulation. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC2911760_F5_70053.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Representative photomicrographs of lung stained with H&E (left panels) and TUNEL (right panels). Animals were randomly assigned to hypovolemia (HYPO), normovolemia (NORMO) or hypervolemia (HYPER) with recruitment maneuver (RM-CPAP) or not (NR). Note that in the HYPER group, the number of apoptotic lung epithelial cells was higher than in NORMO and HYPO (arrows). Photographs were taken at an original magnification of × 200. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_liver/train_2884.jpg | Is hepatobiliary present? | yes |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4029084_fig0025_290287.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Showing the positioning of a 2 cm × 2 cm × 2 cm single-voxel 1H Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) acquisition of an unbiopsied optic pathway glioma and below it the 1H MR spectrum acquired. The lighter line in the 1H MR spectrum is the data and the solid black line is the fit from the TARQUIN software. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2107.jpg | What is present? | spleen |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3987086_fig01_281233.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Representative photographs of p16 and p53 immunohistochemistry staining. A 40× magnification of (A) a p16-positive tumor sample; (B) a p16-negative tumor sample; (C) a sample with 100% of the tumor cells expressing p53; and (D) a sample with 0% of the tumor cells expressing p53. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4432903_F4_386627.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Biopsy of the recurrent lesions showing spindling and epithelioid pleomorphic tumor cells (hematoxylin-eosin stain, original magnification, × 10). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3608314_fig2_194535.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | X-ray of the hand showing the “pencil-in-cup” phenomenon and narrowing of the joint spaces. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3509000_pone-0050319-g002_169076.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Contrast-enhanced 3D MRL image of the lower extremities.Coronal 3D MR Lymphography image of the lower extremities obtained from 20 min to 23 min after subcutaneous injection of contrast material into a 74-year-old female who underwent abdominal hysterectomy for the treatment of endometrial carcinoma. Her left extremity became swollen one year following surgery. Several abnormal dilated lymph vessels are clearly delineated in the left calf, which extend to the inner thigh (small arrows). In the contralateral normal extremity, a few lymphatic vessels show a discontinuous outline with relatively low signal intensity (small arrows). The concomitantly enhanced vein shows a linear structure with lower signal intensity (large arrows). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3741943_fig1_224345.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | (a) Whole body PET scan showing multiple muscle metastases. ((b)–(i)) CT ((b), (d), (f), and (h)) and combined CT/PET ((c), (e), (g), and (i)) scan images showing multiple metastases in deltoid ((b) and (c)), sternocleidomastoid ((d) and (e)), trapezius and infraspinatus ((f) and (g)), and adductor magnus ((h) and (i)) muscles. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3034718_pone-0016091-g002_86467.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Diffusion weighted echo planar images (DW-EPI) of a rat brain with and without parallel imaging.Row (A) DW-EPI images (b = 1000 s/mm2) and row (B) their corresponding apparent diffusion co-efficient (ADC) maps. First column contains images acquired without implementing parallel imaging. Columns (2–4) contains image sets acquired with the reconstruction algorithm (RA), generalized auto-calibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA) employing acceleration factors (AFs) from 2–4. Columns (5–6) represent images acquired with the RA, modified sensitivity encoding (mSENSE) at AFs 2 & 3. The white dotted circle represents the area considered for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3748420_fig1_225817.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Cranial CT scan performed 100 minutes after first ischemic stroke onset (Panel a) and 24 hours after first IV thrombolysis (Panel b) shows a right lenticular hypodensity compatible with an acute cerebral infarction (black arrows). Cranial CT scan performed 30 minutes after second ischemic stroke onset (Panel c) and 48 hours after second systemic thrombolysis (Panel d) shows a subacute right lenticular infarction (black arrows) and a new predominantly subcortical ischemic lesion in the anterior region of the left middle cerebral artery territory with a PH2 hemorrhage (white arrows). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxv08zxc074y6ywk59zo.jpg | What color is the anatomical landmark? | Red |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4338299_pone.0118254.g001_361664.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Procedure of fibrin gel therapy under C arm fluoroscopy machine guidance for symptomatic sacral perineural cysts.A and B. Transverse and sagittal T2WI MRI (prior to admission) show the location of cysts. C. Local anesthesia is induced with 2% lidocaine from skin to periosteum of sacral canal after needle insertion point is confirmed. D and E. Bone-puncture needle is used to puncture the sacral lamina and is inserted into the middle of the cyst guided by the C arm x-ray machine. F and G. CSF is aspirated and iohexol is injected to confirm the location of the bone-puncture needle in the cyst. H. Fibrin gel is injected into the cyst. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3573995_F4_185958.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Double immunofluorescence staining for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α (green) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) (red) in the walls of the basilar artery (BA) and in surrounding brain tissue at 0 to 24 h post-subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). There was no expression of TNFα in the walls of the BA at 0 to 24 h post-SAH, but an enhanced TNFα immunoreactivity was seen in the brain tissue. This was colocalized with GFAP (white arrows in merged picture). GFAP expression was observed in astrocytes around BA and in the surrounding brain tissue. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwyqdofc086u9mqi6p67.jpg | Where in the image is the instrument? | Center, Upper-left, Upper-center |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02534.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Preoperative magnetic resonance arthrography axial image showing complete subscapularis tear (white arrow) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3972677_cells-02-00244-f008_278098.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | DAPI staining of +EDC cross-linked scaffolds with MG-63 cells for 1, 28, and 90 days. Images taken at 20× magnification. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4380964_fig04_373657.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Stable disease from NovoTTF-100A, bevacizumab and TCCC. (A) At baseline, the necrotic recurrent glioblastoma in patient 3 was located in the right insula before treatment. (B) At 0.8 months after initiation of treatment, there was a slight reduction in gadolinium enhancement but no shrinkage of the tumor cyst. (C) At the time of tumor recurrence 6.4 months after initiation of treatment, his head MRI showed marked tumor invasion into the adjacent hemisphere and the corpus callosum. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3648458_F2_203457.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | (a, b) Patterns of failure following radiation therapy with BEV and TMZ for GBM. Subependymal; Deep white matter; In-field failure (95% of recurrence volume in the 57 Gy, [95%] isodose volume); and Marginal failure (95% of the recurrence volume within the 48 Gy [80%] isodose volume). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4574928_pone.0136276.g010_424822.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Delayed graft function is associated with decreased peritubular capillary density.Capillary endothelial cells were detected by CD-31 staining as detailed in Materials and Methods. Panel A, B: CD-31 staining of control protocol biopsy. Tubular structures are surrounded by multiple peritubular capillaries (arrows). Panel C, D: CD-31 staining of DGF biopsy. There is an evident decrease in the abundance and density of the peritubular capillaries, particularly in a patchy, non-uniform distribution (arrows). (Final magnifications: Panels A, C: X250; Panels B, D: X 300). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4526080_f5-mmr-12-03-3365_412133.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Expression of HIF-1α, β-catenin, u-PA and MMP-7 in xenograft tumors, as determined by immunohistochemistry. (A) Control group; (B) hypoxia group; (C) interference group; (D) hypoxia interference group (magnification, ×400). HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α; uPA, urokinase-type plasminogen activator; MMP-7, matrix metalloproteinase-7. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2265291_F2_18617.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | Radiograph following caesarean section, 4 weeks post injury. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2018709_F1_14039.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | A 53-year-old man with reported seizures was evaluated. (A) Head CT without contrast medium reveals a round left occipital mass lesion (arrow) with hyperdense margins and a hypodense center. (B) A T-2-weighted head MRI image without contrast shows a mass (arrow) with high central signal intensity, a ring of heterogeneous peripheral signal intensity similar to that of the brain parenchyma, and a surrounding area of bright signal in the white-matter tracts. (C) On the contrast-enhanced T-1-weighted head MRI image, the mass has low signal intensity centrally that suggests the presence of fluid, and is surrounded by an enhancement ring, beyond which extends an area of low signal that indicates edema. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2887861_F4_66659.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Localization of ASC isoforms, NLRP3, and caspase 1. ASC isoforms were transiently co-transfected into HEK293 cells with GFP-tagged NALP3R260W (A) or GFP-tagged pro-caspase 1C285A (B). Cells were fixed and immunostained with polyclonal anti-myc (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and Alexa Fluor 546-conjugated secondary antibodies (Invitrogen). Topro-3 was used to visualize the nucleus. All images were acquired using laser scanning confocal microscopy with a 100x oil-immersion objective. Panels from left to right show ASC (red), NLRP3 or pro-caspase-1 (green), nucleus (blue), and a merged composite image. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4379748_Fig6_373384.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image |
Another set of reconstructed tomograms from the PET3 data set using three different reconstruction methods (FBP: a-c, TVR: d-f, HNLR: g-i) at 20%, 35% and 50% sampling fractions. It can be observed that the proposed HNLR method can achieve strong reconstruction results even at relatively low 20% sparse sampling fraction, while the reconstruction results of FBP has very strong artifacts and the reconstruction results of TVR show noticeable loss in detail. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3524089_f4-etm-05-01-0328_173825.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Axillary injury of case 2. (A) Radiograph of the right proximal humerus with a comminuted fracture of the surgical neck. (B) CTA shows the association of the injured artery and the bony segment. (C) CTA shows the thrombosed axillary artery. (D) Intraoperative photograph of the thrombosed axillary artery. CTA, computerized tomography angiography. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4493699_fig-3_403610.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Chamber shape per whorl in specimen 06KW01_19.Note the difference with specimen 06KW01_05 (Fig. 2). (A) whorl 1; (B) whorl 2; (C) whorl 3; (D) whorl 4; (E) whorl 5; (G) first half of whorl 6. 3D movies of this figure are in the SOM. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3371977_s2fig1_141143.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | CT scan shows hypoechoic mass in the upper pole of left kidney |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4504646_F2_406706.jpg | What is shown in this image? | CT scan of middle abdomen showing a subcapsular hepatic hematoma on the surface of the right lobe of liver (hypodense area indicated by the arrows) in which is present a source of active bleeding (circle). CT = computed tomography. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4098681_fig03_306131.jpg | Examine the image closely and share its details | Histological sections of the right hip joint between HH30 and HH35 through the anterior–posterior plane of the femur showing that no cavity is present until HH34. First and third column, magnification × 4, second and fourth column, magnification × 10. fe, femur; il, ilium; isc, ischium. Proximal is to the right and ventral to the top. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4444792_Fig6_389786.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | A 30-year-old female with incidental detection of a hypoechoic nodule on ultrasound. (a) Axial fat-saturated T2W MRI shows an iso- to hyperintense lesion (asterisk) in the left lobe of the liver with a peripheral T2 hyperintense rim (arrow) representing the atoll sign. Axial T1 in-phase (b) and out-of-phase (c) MRI shows no drop in signal (arrows). (d) Axial post-contrast MRI in the arterial phase shows moderate heterogeneous central enhancement (asterisk) and peripheral rim enhancement (arrow). Axial post-contrast MRI in the venous phase (e) and delayed phases (f) shows persistent enhancement (asterisk) with delayed enhancement of the peripheral rim (arrow). Surgical resection confirmed the diagnosis of inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/outside_leg/train_2621.jpg | Where is this? | skin |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1464140_F2_5576.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Fiberoptic bronchoscopy and histological examination of tracheal stenosis. (A) Circumferential tracheal stenosis, greater than 70%, 1–2 cm beneath the vocal cords and marked inflammation of tracheal mucosa was noted at fiberoptic bronchoscopy. (B) Histological examination revealed acute and chronic inflammation and extended ulceration of bronchial mucosa, without granulomas. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4043618_f3-etm-07-06-1521_293929.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Atypical lymphocytes from follicular nodules, as shown by HE staining at a magnification of (A) ×100 and (B) ×400. HE, hematoxylin and eosin. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3616347_fig3_196583.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Histopathological findings in the kidney (A) and liver (B). (A) (a) Control male group, (b) 2000 mg/kg/day SST-treated male group, (c) control female group, and (d) 2000 mg/kg/day SST-treated female group. H&E stain; magnification, 200x. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_21266.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Magneticresonance imaging showing Duralvein thrombosis |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4121290_pone-0104343-g003_311271.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Detection of PrPres deposition within the small and large intestine (transverse sections) of a clinical case using PET blot.Representative PET-blot results from macaque B3 that was euthanized 4.3 years after oral BSE uptake are shown. PrPres was detected in the jejunum, in germinal centres of lymphoid follicles in the distal part of the ileum and the large intestine (black arrows). PrPres deposits were also present in the gut autonomic nerve system (red arrow). Bars = 1000 µm (Inset, bar = 100 µm). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_0627.jpg | What is orderly differentiation of squamous cells? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4559089_Fig2_420474.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Clinical and radiographic images of case 2. a Panoramic view before extraction of #11, 12. A combined periodontic-endodontic lesion and root fracture of #11 were diagnosed (black arrow). b Blocks of Auto-FDT (root portion, black arrow) were inserted into extraction sockets. c At 26 months after socket preservation, regenerated bone showed good maintenance between implants in panoramic view (black arrow) |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwz6dots086u2z0sfssz.jpg | Have all polyps been removed? | No |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_73440.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Patient aged 13 years; at 6 mths, progression and start bracing. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cla820glhs4g3071ufew60vx0.jpg | Are there any abnormalities in the image? | Ulcerative colitis |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1802.jpg | Is intraductal papillomatosis present? | no |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4596292_Fig3_430665.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Histologic findings of gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) area. a At low-magnification view, gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) area are mapped (H&E stain, x2). b GIST and IMT components are present in a collision tumor (H&E stain, x40). c Spindle-shaped cells with perinuclear vacuoles are present (H&E stain, x200). d The cells of the GIST area are positive for CD117 (Immunohistochemical stain, x200) |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_1244.jpg | Is Anencephaly and bilateral cleft palate present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3708414_fig1_217262.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | (a) Preoperative hip anteroposterior radiograph of a 28-year-old woman shows right hip high dislocation, a small femoral canal, and a pseudoacetabular joint. (b) and (c) Preoperative axial and sagittal T2 weighted enhanced MR images of the right hip joint show an inflammatory reaction with huge joint effusion and synovial thickening. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_1046.jpg | Does this image show epithelial hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis? | yes |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4338303_pone.0117817.g011_361673.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Histopathology.Necropsies and histopathology were performed on all animals. (A) NHP 1: Spleen—10x magnification, splenitis with hemorrhage, necrosis, and numerous syncytial cells; (B) NHP 1: Kidney (glomerulus) – 40x magnification, syncytial cells; (C) NHP 2: Lung—10x magnification, interstitial pneumonia; (D) NHP 2: Pancreas—60x magnification, multiple viral syncytial cells with intranuclear and intracytoplasmic inclusions; (E) NHP 3: Cerebellum—20x magnification, lymphoplasmacytic and histocytic vasculitis and encephalitis with numerous gitter cells; (F) NHP 4: Cerebrum—10x magnification, encephalitis and meningitis. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4079190_F1_302821.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Images and timeline of Aspergillus infection in patient treated with steroids for management of an immune-related adverse event. (a) Baseline chest CT scan prior to ipilimumab. (b) Three weeks after receiving high-dose immunosuppression for immune-related colitis, CT scans showed cavitary pulmonary consolidations (white arrow). Subsequent bronchoalveolar lavage was consistent with Aspergillus fumigatus pneumonia. (c) After a 14-day treatment with antifungals, repeat CT scan showed radiographic improvement in cavitary consolidations, but increased bilateral pleural effusions. (d) Timeline of described events (not to scale). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4419839_F5_383397.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | LDN induces reorganization of microtubules and the clearance of α-synuclein puncta in oligodendroglial cells overexpressing α-synuclein. OLN-t40-α-syn cells (A–H) or OLN-93 cells (I–L), not expressing α-syn or tau, were incubated with 40 μM LDN for 18 h (Co, untreated control). OLN-t40-α-syn cells were subjected to indirect immunofluorescence staining with antibodies against α-syn (red) and α-tubulin (α-tub; green) or acetylated α-tubulin (ac-tub; green) (A–H, as indicated), OLN-93 cells with antibodies against α-tub (red) or ac-tub (red) as indicated. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Overlay images are shown. Scale bar: 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2680759_pone-0005585-g005_38282.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision |
In vivo scintigraphy, ex vivo myocardial autoradiography and histology using 99mTc-collagelin.A: Planar thoracic scintigraphy of a rat with fibrotic myocardial infarction: a clear hot-spot (arrows) xcan be seen in the left ventricular myocardial area. B: From left to right, corresponding myocardial histology (Masson's trichrome, picrosirius red) and autoradiography, confirming tracer uptake in the thin, fibrotic (red) myocardial scar (arrow heads). C: Control experiment: very low activity is observed in the myocardial infarction in a rat injected with irrelevant 99mTc-Pc. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4696227_Fig2_457899.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | MGPY and EdU co-stain the clusters (islets) of proliferating adult intestinal epithelial cells at the climax of natural metamorphosis. Tadpoles at premetamorphic stage 54 (A), climax (B stage 62), and end of metamorphosis (C stage 66) were injected with EdU 1 h before being sacrificed. Cross-sections of the intestine from the resulting tadpoles were double-stained for EdU and with MGPY. Higher magnifications of boxed areas in (A–C) are shown in (a′–c′) and (a″–c″). The dotted lines depict the epithelium-mesenchyme boundary (see Fig. 1). Arrowhead indicates the clusters of proliferating cells or islets (b′) |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4483359_F0001_400681.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | (a,b) la radiographie standard numérique des deux épaules a objectivé une omarthrose avancée de l'articulation glèno-humérale, classé IV; (c,d) la TDM des deux épaules avec reconstruction bidimensionnel (2D) et tridimensionnel (3D) |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4277420_pone-0115876-g006_347005.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | The regional distribution of [125I]WYE-230949 uptake in rat brain sections.Ex vivo autoradiograms show the distribution and regional levels of radioactivity in the tissue at 30 or 120 min after administration of [125I]WYE-230949. In vitro autoradiograms show total and non-specific binding following incubation with 5 nM [125I]WYE-230949 or 5 nM [125I]WYE-230949+5 µM iodophenpropit respectively. Note the relatively low level of binding in the cerebellum, the reference region used to calculate region of interest specific binding ratios presented in Table 1 with higher binding in the substantia nigra, nucleus accumbens, choroid plexus and pineal gland. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC4678287_f0025_453418.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Phosphoinositide binding is not required for Rip11 translocation to the cell surface in response to insulin stimulation.3T3–L1 adipocytes stably expressing GFP–Rip11 (WT or the PI mutant) were serum starved and stimulated with or without insulin before fixation. (A) Shows images of the cells treated in the absence or presence of insulin, as indicated, obtained by confocal microscopy. Scale bar represents 10 μm. (B) The graph represents mean ± SEM of the amount of Rip11 at the cell surface normalised to total Rip11 expression. (N = 3, n = 30 cells). *p < 0.05, t-test. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3484051_pone-0048493-g002_162558.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Semi-automatic 3D method for assessing peribronchial attenuation.A) Native axial (top) and coronal thin-section reformatted (bottom) micro-CT images of the bronchial tree. B) Automatic segmentation of the bronchial lumen (pink). C) Automatic 8-voxels dilatation of the lumen volume. D) Second automatic segmentation of the bronchial lumen volume (green) overwriting bronchial lumen from the previous volume of interest. E) After subtraction of the bronchial lumen, the resultant volume of interest includes only the peribronchial area of the whole bronchial tree. From the created peribronchial volume, the software provides the peribronchial mean attenuation (PBA) value. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3667113_F6_207714.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Cytoskeleton organization in NGM control cells. F-actin (green) was stained with phalloidin FITC-conjugated. Microtubules (blue) were labeled with anti-α and β tubulin and secondary antibody CY-5-conjugated. DNA was counterstained with propidium iodide (red). Note the stress fiber formation (actin filaments). The cells showed a microtubule network that was very finely departed from the centrosome region near the nucleus. We can also observe a mitotic cell (right column). The images were obtained by Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qy1ffz08329ve758vm.jpg | Have all polyps been removed? | No |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2825067_F0002_57464.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | 3-D CT scan of the same type-3 cleft patient showing severely hypoplastic nasal bone and maintained infra-orbital rim & orbital floor supporting the globe |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4542864_Fig1_415925.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image |
a The NEMA IQ phantom. b MR imaging (in-phase image) of the NEMA IQ phantom using the MR AC Dixon VIBE sequence showing only fluid phantom filling (water). The phantom housing (Plexiglas) is not visible in MR imaging and thus, also not considered in the MR-based μ-map of the phantom (c). Note that the glass spheres are displayed as signal voids (dark rims in b) that are segmented as water in the MR-based μ-map (c) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2229837_fig01_17223.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Qualitative screen for mutants with fewer dead cells. Cultures of the mutants, WT and controls were spotted onto agar plates containing PI, and screened visually in the microscope. Images are 40× magnification grey-scale pictures taken with simultaneous phase contrast and fluorescent light. Bright cells represent dead cells stained with PI; mutants with altered numbers of dead cells are identifiable by this method.A. WT control strain.B. Control rpoS mutant showing increased cell death.C. Decreased death mutant fliA.D. Decreased death mutant rssB. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3713328_fig1_218398.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | A 51-year-old male patient with rhabdomyosarcoma of the left thigh. Fused FDG PET/MR images before ((a)–(c)) and after chemotherapy ((d)–(f)). While the tumour size did not change significantly during chemotherapy ((d) and (e)), the FDG uptake is markedly reduced in comparison to the initial images ((a) and (b)). A light increase of FDG uptake is seen in some left inguinal lymph nodes; it did not change under chemotherapy ((c) and (f)), and the lymph nodes were proven to be benign by histology. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4255636_F5_341580.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | PLD3 immunoreactivity in Alzheimer’s disease brains (II). PLD3 immunoreactivity was studied in Alzheimer’s disease brains by double-labeling immunohistochemistry. (a) Frontal cortex, PLD3 (brown), amyloid beta (Aβ; red), colocalization of PLD3 and Aβ (arrows). (b) Frontal cortex, PLD3 (brown), GFAP (red), reactive astrocytes do not express PLD3. (c) Frontal cortex, PLD3 (brown), CD68 (red), activated microglia do not express PLD3. (d) Hippocampal CA1 region, PLD3 (brown), AT8-tau (red), colocalization of neurofibrillary tangles and PLD3 (arrowheads). PLD, phospholipase D. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3943546_fig4_271952.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Scattered X-ray (SA) and XRF elemental distribution maps of P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn and Br of an A549 cell treated with 1 for 24 h. The maximal elemental area density (in µg cm−2) is given in the top corner of each map. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2814079_fig06_55887.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of mice colonic epithelium infected with wild-type C. rodentium and C. rodentium expressing TirN-ctrl, TirC-ctrl, TirP5A, TirY451A, TirY471A, TirY451/Y471A. Local effacement of the brush border microvilli, intimately adherent bacteria (arrow) and accumulation of electron-dense material (arrowheads) were observed following inoculation of mice with any of the C. rodentium strains. Intact brush border microvilli were observed following mice infection with C. rodentium expressing Tir1−33stop or on uninfected mice. Tissues were collected at day 8 post inoculation. Bar = 5 μm (SEM), 2 μm (TEM) or 500 nm (TEM, insets). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3350273_fig3_137585.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Plain X-ray (a), CT scan (axial section) of the surgical sponge (b), in lung window setting and the photograph of the surgical sponges, having radio-opaque markers (c). Radio-opaque markers are indicated by arrows. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_heart/train_2738.jpg | What does this image show? | normal mitral valve |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3235082_F4_118711.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Double fluorescent in situ hybridization of barhl2 and atoh7. Confocal sections through the central retina of embryos hybridized with barhl2 (revealed with FITC, shown in green) and atoh7 (revealed with Cy3, shown in red), antisense RNA probes. Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue) to outline retinal layers. View is frontal in all pictures, anterior is always to the top. (D-E and N-O) White arrows show co-localization of both mRNAs in cells at the border of the expression domains. (I-J and N-O) white asterisks indicate adjacent cells expressing either barhl2 or atoh7. (D, I and N) white squares highlight the magnified area in E, J and O, respectively. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4224503_pone-0112667-g003_334308.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Fluorescence microscopy.Left, hematoxylin-eosin staining; middle, fluorescence images; and right, fusion images of ICG fluorescence, indicated in green, and hematoxylin-eosin staining. (A) In well-differentiated HC lesions, ICG fluorescence was identified mainly in the cancerous tissue, as demonstrated in Figure 2A. (B) Magnified view of (A). Indocyanine green had accumulated in the pseudoglands (arrowheads) and the cytoplasm of cancer cells (arrow). (C) Indocyanine green fluorescence was identified in the peri-cancerous hepatic parenchyma surrounding a CRLM lesion, as demonstrated in Figure 2B. (D) Magnified view of (C). Indocyanine green had accumulated in the cytoplasm of relatively small hepatocytes rather than in the intracellular spaces. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2570518_fig4_29127.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | (A–D) Representative images of immunostaining for INHBA and NEK6. (A) Tumour tissue expressing INHBA; (B) healthy tissue for INHBA; (C) tumour tissue expressing NEK6; (D) healthy tissue for NEK6. Magnification, × 200. (E) Western blotting analysis of INHBA and NEK6 in three pairs of tumour (T) and normal (N) tissues. Anti-β-actin was used as control for protein level. P, positive control tissue. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC2121149_fig03_15246.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | HLA-DR and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 expression in leprosy skin lesions. Figures are representative of HLA-DR (A–C) and ICAM-1 (D–F). A, only the dermal infiltrates are labelled in a type II reaction biopsy. B, fifty per cent of keratinocytes are labelled in a borderline tuberculoid patient. C, marked expression in type I reaction. D, labelled cells along the basal layer (type II reaction). E, two marked foci in type II reaction. F, the basal layer and addictional foci are stained in a delayed-type hypersensitivity group biopsy specimen. The original magnification is shown. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3691238_pone-0066889-g002_213479.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Subcellular localization of SERPINA2 and SERPINA1.HeLa cells were stably transduced with SERPINA2 (V1, V2 and V3) and SERPINA1 (M1, S and Z) vectors. SERPINA2 and A1 were stained with anti-V5 and Alexa Fluor 488 (green) antibodies. ER chaperones (CANX or PDIA3) were detected with anti-CANX or anti-PDIA3 and Alexa Fluor 594 (red) antibodies. Nuclei were stained with DAPI. Magnification 400× (confocal microscopy). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3762782_pone-0074105-g003_229070.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner |
Geomyces destructans colonization of superficial epidermis occasionally associated with epidermal pustules.3A: A representative wing biopsy punch (GE 7). 3B (wing punch GE 1): Small epidermal cluster of G. destructans hyphae (encircled). 3C (sample NL 1): Wing membrane of euthanized bat with cupping erosion and densely packed hyphae of G. destructans restricted to the epidermis. 3D (sample NL 1): Fungal hyphae (arrows) invasion into intraepidermal pustules (star). PAS staining. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_81212.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showing bilateral T2/FLAIR white matter hyperintensities involving corticospinal tracts, middle and inferior cerebellar peduncles, and dentate nuclei of cerebellum |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4113542_f4-etm-08-03-0727_309197.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Effect of QH on expression of α-SMA and FN in mesangial cells in vitro. There was a low expression of FN and α-SMA in mesangial cells, while IL-1β stimulation significantly activated FN and α-SMA. However, QH intervention significantly reduced the expression levels of the two proteins. SMA, smooth muscle actin; FN, fibronectin; QH, quercetin and hyperoside; IL-1β, interleukin-1β. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4244010_fig05_339060.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Confocal images of primary human parathyroid cells maintained at different times of incubation. (A) It shows the expression of TRPV5, TRPV6 and CASR (green), respectively, at 24, 48 and 72 hrs. (B) It shows the co-localization between TRPV5, TRPV6 (green) and CASR (red). The immunofluorescence staining images were detected by a confocal laser scanning microscope (Leica TCS-SP5) by using 40× zoom 1 oil objective with 1.45 NA and a recommended pinhole size of less than 1.0 μm; scale bars: 10 μm. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3522410_s2fig4_172999.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | A & B. Drawing of the horizontal line of second and third molars on panoramic and periapical radiographs. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3782653_Fig4_233460.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Typical histological changes in the synovium of the RA patients treated with TNF blockers (2). a Almost complete hydropic degeneration of synovial cells with discoid (board-like) fibrosis. b Same as a with some synovial cell derived giant cells. c Just one or two layers of synovial membrane are left and sublining fibrosis with sclerosis of small vasculature are starting. d Same as c with more lymphocytes left. Hematoxylin and eosin, original magnification ×100 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3938051_RSOB130116F3_270425.jpg | Analyze the image in a comprehensive and detailed manner | Localization of X. albilineans in tissues of sugarcane leaves (mid-third of inoculated leaf): TEM images of leaf cross sections of sugarcane plants inoculated with X. albilineans strain GPE PC73. (a) Lumen of a protoxylem vessel filled with cells of X. albilineans (bac). Note the presence of bacteria in the intercellular spaces (thick arrows) close to the vessel. Bacteria (bac) observed in (b) a phloem cell, (c) parenchyma sheath cells with choloroplasts, (d) sclerenchyma and (e) in bulliform cells. Note the presence of bacteria (bac) in the periplasmic space in the upper left cell (e). Scale bars, 1 µm in (a,c–e) and 100 nm in (b). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_17902.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | The above is a set of bitewings taken with the correct side facing the tube and the indicator in the correct orientation. In the right bitewing, the indicator is on the top distal corner while in the left bitewing, the indicator is the left distal corner. (Note: the common operator error – cone cutting) |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3965859_fig9054_276601.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Computed Tomography of the Right Hip |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4337767_Fig2_361436.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative |
Map of cumulative factorial least cost path network across the full extent of the analysis area. Local corridor intensity is mapped from a minimum of 1 (dark blue) to the maximum value of 873 (burnt orange). The areas not covered by this color gradient are predicted to have no least cost corridors traversing them. Three areas are highlighted in red boxes: (a) Bob Marshal Wilderness Complex, (b) Bitterroot Mountains and Reservation Divide, (c) Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/inside_intestine/train_1602.jpg | What does this image show? | stomach |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2957857_fig7_76436.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Distribution of calretinin (CR) neurons through substantia nigra (SN) in coronal sections of rats at level ~−5.3 mm to bregma at 56 days of survival. (a) In a sham rat, numerous CR-ir neurons were detected in pars compacta (SNC) and to a lesser extent in pars lateralis (SNL); (b) is the magnification of the boxed region in (a); the insert shows a higher magnification of neurons. (c)–(h) Calretinin immunoreactivity in six ischemic rats after a 12.5-minute period of global ischemia at day 56. The number of CR-neurons was reduced in the SN after ischemia. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2973936_F1_77999.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Derivation of clonal hAFS cell lines by the starter cell method. (A) and (B) A hAFS starter cell of fibroblastic type (arrow) was found early after a routine amniocentesis culture, (C) the colony appearance of a clonal hAFS cell line at 48 h in the primary culture dish, (D) morphology of hAFS cells derived by the starter cell method at subculture passage 3. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3937452_F1_270338.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | Immunohistochemical staining for the wnt3a, wnt5a, β-catenin, MMP-9, and VEGFR-2 (magnification x 200). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3528658_pone-0052628-g007_174720.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Immunodetection of the neoformed collagen I and III in Strattice®.Mature Collagen I (A–H) and immature Collagen III (I–P) immunofluorescence at 14, 30, 90 and 180 days post-implantation. The neoformed collagen appears in red and the cell nuclei (stained with DAPI) appear in blue. The DIC images that identify the biomaterial appear translucent (E–H and M–P). Confocal light microscopy (200×). (* Biomesh). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4310207_F4_353776.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Histopathology in livers during acute MNV infection. Haematoxylin & eosin-stained liver sections from mock (a, d) or infected mice (108 RNA copies by oral gavage) at day 5 p.i. [MNV-O7 (b, e) and MNV-1 (c, f)]; infected WT (a–c) and Stat1−/− (d–f) mice are shown. Original magnification, ×20 bar, 300 μm. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_2327.jpg | What is present? | hematologic |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3704902_F1_216478.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Left eye at presentation. (A) Conjunctival lesion in the superotemporal quadrant, (B) fundus of the left eye showing the posterior pole (B) and choroidal infiltration with secondary retinal detachment in the inferior (D) and superior (F) periphery. (C,E) Magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits revealing left choroidal tumor mass and two lesions around the optic nerve in T1-weighted and T2-weighted images, respectively. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train_unlabel/train_2552.jpg | Is hepatobiliary present? | yes |
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