image stringlengths 37 84 | question stringlengths 9 255 | answer stringlengths 1 1.79k |
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splits/subfolder_2/PMC1291371_F1_3917.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Representative images of histology (H&E) (first row) and immunohistochemical detection of 3-NT (second row), 4-HNE (third row) and DNP (fourth row) in the renal cortex of the four groups of rats studied: Control (CT), thyroidectomized (HTX), ischemia and reperfusion (IR) and HTX+IR (100× magnification). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4524444_Fig2_411721.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | Image of US and CEUS. a The hypoechoic area was detected at the GB fundus on US. No anechoic area was showed but the GB wall was intactness. b CEUS—arterial phase (24 s)—heterogeneous enhancement with small anechoic spaces. The mucosa and serosa layer around the lesion was clear and intact |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3951283_pone-0091075-g004_273559.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | High-resolution RSNs derived from bSSFP images.T1W FSE anatomical references, bSSFP images at high-resolution (in-plane resolution 1.88×1.88 mm2, matrix size = 128×128, reconstructed to 240×240 by zero-filling) and zoomed and segmented brain images. High-resolution bSSFP images well corresponded to their T1W references, with RSNs exquisitely co-localized to the gray matter without any co-registration. T1W images were segmented into white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3539883_F2_177498.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | MMP-2 expression in renal tissue with different degree of inflammatory infiltration(EnVision assay; original magnification × 200). IF/TA-I Group. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC1770924_F3_8576.jpg | Present a compact description of the photo’s key features. | ETB receptor protein in (A) Ro-32-0432 RMCA, (B) control RMCA, (C) Ro-32-0432 LMCA and (D) control LMCA. There was an enhanced expression of ETB receptor protein in the smooth muscle cells in the ischemic RMCA (B). Treatment with Ro-32-0432 abolished this (A). Pictures were taken at 40× magnification. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC4578672_Fig2_425609.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Case number 11. Preoperative image evaluation. a, b Radiograph showing L5–S1 involvement. c–d Computed tomography (CT) and e magnetic resonance imagery (MRI). f–j Postoperative radiography and h–i CT. j, k At final follow-up, the internal fixation was in good shape and interbody fusion had been obtained, without signs of tuberculosis recurrence |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic41864.jpg | what modality is used to take this image? | mr - other pulse seq. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic55239.jpg | what is most alarming about this mri? | neuromyelitis optica (devic syndrome, devic's disease) diagnostic criteria |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3443097_pone-0044046-g006_154846.jpg | Relay a brief, clear account of the picture shown. | PET imaging of a PC-3 tumor bearing nude mice with 4.6 MBq [64Cu]-BZH7 at 1, 4 and 24 h post-injection.PC-3 tumor inoculated in mouse shoulder is visualized and can be clearly distinguished from liver, kidneys and adjacent tissue. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3488509_F6_163787.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | The relationship between BTLA-HVEM and fibrinogen-like protein 2 (FGL2) expression in sections from patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (HBV-ACLF). Immunofluorescence double staining demonstrated that FGL2 expression was observed in CD31+ endothelial cells, CD68+ macrophages, and CK-18+ bile ducts of HBV-ACLF patients. Moreover, BTLA and HVEM were co-expressed with FGL2. The arrows indicate positive cells. The nuclei were stained with DAPI, and the scale bar indicates 20 μm. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4132276_F3_313382.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Molecular hallmarks of Case #1: Immunohistochemistry demonstrates co-overexpression of CDK4 (B) and MDM2 (C) in both the poorly and higher differentiated areas (A: HE-staining of corresponding region). Fluorescence in situ hybridisation shows strong amplification of the MDM2 locus as underlying genetic alteration (D; Green: MDM2 probe, Red: Chromosome 12 reference probe). The features are characteristic of dedifferentiated liposarcoma. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC1831780_F1_10169.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | (A) Gastrografin swallow and (B) computed tomography showing the anastomotic leakage (arrows). (C) Endoscopic view of the same region. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4006454_F2_285058.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Volume-targeted bSSFP scans of the left anterior descending artery in a healthy volunteer, acquired during free breathing (A) and during one breathhold (B), with the same spatial coverage and resolution. Top: 2D slice from the 3D volume selected for demonstration. Bottom: multi-planar reformatted images of the artery. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3953750_F10_273829.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Brain activity maps (representing t-values) from first level analysis of one OpenfMRI dataset, for BROCCOLI and FSL. Subjects were presented with pairs of either words or pseudowords in a block based design, and made rhyming judgments for each pair. The first level analysis here includes motion correction, segmentation of the fMRI data, smoothing, and statistical analysis. Both BROCCOLI and FSL used motion regressors in the statistical analysis. As BROCCOLI and FSL use different models of the GLM residuals, we here present activity maps with and without whitening. The activity maps have been arbitrarly thresholded at a t-value of 5. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2844740_F0002_60235.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Postdiuretic delayed FDG-PET/CT acquisition in the same patient as in Figure 1. Coronal (a), sagittal (b) and axial (c) plain CT scan images reveal focal bladder wall thickening posteroinferiorly (arrows). Coronal (d), sagittal (e) and axial (f) fused PET/CT images reveal adequate tracer washout from the bladder. A focal area of hypermetabolism is noted in the thickened posteroinferior wall of the bladder (arrows), indicating active disease (recurrent cancer). Cystoscopic biopsy confirmed recurrence |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2779192_F5_51224.jpg | Characterize the image using a well-detailed description | Subcellular localization of PGRN within motor neurons in primary cultures relative to markers for the ER, Golgi apparatus and chromogranin-A containing vesicles. Immunolabelling of motor neurons in dissociated spinal cord-DRG cultures with anti-Calreticulin (a), anti-GM130 (b), Chromogranin A (c) and anti-PGRN (middle column). Confocal images were captured at 63× magnification, hatched boxes represent 3-5× zoom. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_76254.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Coronary angiography showed proximal thin channels and distal reanastomosis. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2932712_ppat-1001080-g002_72566.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Vpr nuclear foci co-localizes partially with DNA repair foci.HeLa cells were transduced with lentiviral vectors expressing GFP (WPI) or co-expressing GFP and HA-tagged Vpr (WPI-HA-Vpr) at a multiplicity of infection of 0.5. Two days after transduction, cells were fixed, permeabilized, and stained with antibodies against HA (red) and with either rabbit polyclonal antibodies against 53BP1 (green) (A) or phospho-RPA32 (green) (B). Images were acquired by confocal microscopy. Images shown are representative of multiple fields. Enlarged (3×) images are shown below panels. Yellow arrows highlight examples of punctuate co-localization. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3777770_f0055_232430.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Automated segmentation at various cross-sections of the MICCAI private data UNC_test1_Case12. First column: T1; second column: T2; third column: FLAIR; fourth column: segmented; and fifth column: boundaries of the segmented lesions superimposed on FLAIR images. Color scheme is same as Fig. 2. |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic56573.jpg | what organ system is shown in this mri? | skull and contents |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3314557_F1_131795.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Histological and immunohistochemical findings. (a) The testicular parenchyma shows no evidence of lymphomatous involvement (hematoxylin-eosin, original magnification ×50). (b-c) Residual epididymal tubules are surrounded by a dense cellular infiltrate with a prevalent follicular architecture (hematoxylin-eosin, original magnification ×100 and ×630, respectively). The neoplastic cells strongly express CD20 (d) and CD10 (e) but are bcl-2 negative (f) (original magnification ×250). |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3443279_Fig14_155132.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Focal hypereosinophilic necrosis nodule in a 55-year-old man with no liver disease. a Arterial phase, b PV phase, c HCP, d T2-weighted. Small non-spherical lesion with ill-defined margins in the right lobe with poor enhancement in the arterial and PV phase, mixed hypointensity on the HCP and slightly hyperintense in T2-weighted (black arrows). This lesion was biopsy proven to be a lesion of focal eosinophilic infiltration |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4138114_pone-0104694-g006_314233.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Confocal Images of Mitochondrial Inner Membrane Potential in HCC, CCA (a–e) and Immortalized Cell Lines of Hepatocytes (f).Confocal images of mitochondrial inner membrane potential (ΔΨm) CAA (HuCCT1 (a), HuH28 (b), OZ (c), HCC (HepG2) (d), Huh-7 (e), and normal hepatocyte THLE-3 (f) cell lines. Regions of high mitochondrial polarization are indicated by red fluorescence due to J-aggregate formation by the concentrated dye. Depolarized regions are indicated by the green fluorescence of the JC-1 monomers. |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC3422273_pone-0043414-g003_150582.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Subcellular localization of IAA7, IAA8, and IAA17.GFP fusions of IAA7, IAA8, and IAA17 were transiently expressed in Arabidopsis mesophyll protoplasts. NLS-tdTomato was co-introduced both as a nuclear marker and as a control for transformation. GFP, NLS, and BF (top) represent GFP and tdTomato fluorescence and bright field images, respectively. n: nucleus, c: cytosol. Bars = 10 μm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3951625_Fig3_273609.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Displaced case (Case 5). a Preoperative plain X-ray radiography: AO type A, 2-part fracture. b The patellar tendon was not caught by the wire in the deep layer, and the fractured region was supported only by the wire in the shallow layer. c Plain X-ray radiography 4 months after surgery: the fractured region was displaced |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1q31eg708329lf9hkmv.jpg | How many findings are present? | 1 |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzadoxs086uhlr66zlv.jpg | Is there a green/black box artefact? | Yes |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1q41egz08329yg05iml.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_5/PMC4065085_pone-0100632-g004_300199.jpg | Walk through the important details of the image | Postoperative observation in rabbit glaucoma filtration surgery models.(A) Group had filtration surgery only. (B) Group injected with 0.1 ml 5% w/v PTMC15-F127-PTMC15/MMC (0.1 mg/ml) hydrogel in glaucoma filtration surgery. (C) Treat with 0.5 mg/ml MMC for 5 minutes during glaucoma filtration surgery group. (D) Group with 0.1 ml 5% w/v PTMC15-F127-PTMC15 injected in glaucoma filtration surgery. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4332432_Fig4_359823.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you |
Findings of contrast-enhanced computed tomography, barium-swallow esophagogram and endoscopy in four cases. (1) Gastrointestinal stromal tumor located on the left side of the middle third of the thoracic esophagus. (2) Tumor located on the lower third of the esophagus was histopathologically diagnosed as leiomyoma. (3) Large tumor located on the lower third of the esophagus was histopathologically diagnosed as leiomyoma. (4) Tumor located on the lower third of the esophagus was histopathologically diagnosed as leiomyoma. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3532145_F3_175617.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Microscopic findings of the pyloric gland adenoma and adjacent bile duct lesions. On microscopic view, the pyloric gland adenoma arose in the cystic duct (right) and displayed a papillary, intraluminal growth pattern with protrusion into the common bile duct (left) (A, H&E, x40). Closely packed pyloric type glands were lined by cuboidal to columnar mucus-secreting cells (B, x100) with focal architectural distortion (C, x100) and high-grade dysplasia with nuclear atypia, indicating transition into well-differentiated adenocarcinoma (D, x200). Focal high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (BilIN-3) of the cystic duct was detected (E, x200), focally resembling gastric-type intraductal papillary neoplasm (IPN) with direct transition into the pyloric gland adenoma (F, x200). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1520.jpg | Does this image show uterus, leiomyoma? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4081376_f3-ol-08-02-0936_303335.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Pathological analysis shows compact spindled areas composed of cells with elongated and tightly packed nuclei (stain, hematoxylin and eosin; magnification, ×200). |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic37325.jpg | what organ system is displayed in this mri? | face, sinuses, and neck |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_77071.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Post-operative radiograph of control site between 35 and 36 |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3404987_pone-0041733-g007_146620.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Morphology of DC-3F cells in bright field microscopy.For A, B, C and D the upper and the lower panels are two different fields on the same slide. (A) DC-3F cells without DMSO. (B) Cells in the presence of 10% of DMSO with membrane undulations (arrows). (C) Round and swollen cells in the presence of 20% of DMSO. (D) Cells in the presence of 30% of DMSO presenting blebs (arrows heads). Cells were observed with a 63x objective. DMSO was diluted in complete MEM. Pictures were taken after 1 h of incubation in the different solutions. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4661726_f3_448255.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Assembly of NLS-asPNAs on the oligonucleotide scaffold markedly improved internalization in cell cultures.HepG2 cells at 50–60% confluence were treated with the PNA-CPPs/oligo scaffold complex by incubation in OPTI-MEM containing the PNAs for 4 h. Cells were further incubated for 20 h after supplementation with the same volume of growth medium containing 10% FBS. DAPI was used for nuclear staining. The concentration of NLS-PNAs used for assembly with the oligonucleotide scaffold was 1 μM, except when NLS-PNAs were used alone (1 or 10 μM). |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/outside_baby/train_0793.jpg | What appears to be too large for the emaciated body? | the head |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2515846_F6_26682.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Microscopic findings of the resected specimen. Histologically, the tumor mainly consisted of spindle cells, which showed fascicular growth. Immunostaining demonstrated c-kit positive, partial α-SMA positive, and S-100 protein negative. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3704727_F5_216467.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Left fundus findings 4 months after the combination treatment. a) Fundus photograph shows marked regression of the choroidal neovascularization (CNV). b) Optical coherence tomography shows significant but incomplete regression of CNV, and persistence of intra-retinal cysts. c, d) Fluorescein angiograms show that leakage from the CNV almost completely disappears between the early (c) and late phases (d). |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1pn1dx708328o6h7alj.jpg | How many instrumnets are in the image? | 0 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3983206_pone-0094413-g004_280299.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Amino acids 508–713 of Axin are required for colocalisation with truncated APCL.DLD1 cells were transiently transfected on day 1 with wild-type or mutant N-terminal myc-tagged Axin, either individually or in combination with the yAPCL1179 expression vector. The cells were fixed on day 3 and were stained with an anti-myc antibody and Hoechst dye. The presence of amino acids 508–713 in the myc-Axin deletion mutants resulted in colocalisation with yAPCL1179. Where applicable, the percentages indicate the proportion of different localisation patterns in the transfected cells. The imaging parameters were identical for each type of tag. Bar, 10 μM. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3920997_got033-F7_266349.jpg | Write a terse but informative summary of the picture. | (a) Endoscopic ultrasound image of a 6 cm heterogeneous hypoechoic renal mass. (b) Computer tomography image of the same lesion. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3278355_F1_125380.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | SEM and TEM images of carbonaceous spheres, revealing details of grainy surfaces and interiors. Carbon spheres produced at (a, b) 423 and (c, d) 453 K. (e, f) Cross-sectional views revealing the interior of the carbonaceous spheres. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3790764_pone-0074887-g006_236003.jpg | Narrate the contents of the image with precision | Microstructure of four rare gallbladder stone types.A, B. Phosphate stone (original magnification ×6000). A. Echin-sphere phosphate particles. B. Rough bulbiform phosphate particles. C,D. Calcium stearate stone (original magnification ×6000). C. Calcium stearate presented as network structure. D. Calcium stearate presented as staggered arranged network, protein stone (original magnification×6000). E. Coralliform protein and bilirubinate complex. F. Chrysanthemum petal-like protein and bilirubinate complex. G, H. Cystine stone. G. Stacked hexagonal crystals, some with prominent edges (original magnification ×400). H. The prominent edges appeared lamellar after magnification (original magnification ×6000). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4538719_Fig2_415154.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | TEM observations of the gapped hollow BaTiO3 nanospheres (S1) obtained via dynamically hydrothermal treatment at 180 °C for 20 h with [NaOH] = 1.0 mol/L and R
Ba/Ti = 1.2, a−c TEM images with various magnifications, and d SAED pattern |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3975448_F3_278747.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | Evaluation of the inflammatory infiltrate in lesional skin of patient 1 before (day 0) and 3 months after initiation of treatment (day 90). In the skin biopsy of patient 1 taken at day 0, infiltrates of CD3 positive inflammatory cells were present, as well as CD4, CD8, CD20 or CD68 positive infiltrates. These were significantly reduced after 3 months of treatment. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC1797156_F1_9513.jpg | Describe the image concisely. | A) Mild staining of epidermal keratinocytes and lack of staining in dermal cells in non lesional skin biopsy. B) Strong cytoplasmic staining of epidermal keratinocytes, dermal endothelial and inflammatory cells. IL-8 IHC, DAB, Hx counterstaining × 40 |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3195350_fig1_111977.jpg | Give a short and clear explanation of the subsequent image. | Preoperatory magnetic resonance of patient 1, showing the intrahepatic cystic dilatation of the bile ducts, especially on the right liver. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3702969_Fig13_216113.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Orthogonal plane reconstruction due to true three-dimensional character of the micogrinding procedure. (a) Sagittal view of the same specimen as in Figs. 10 and 12. The abrasion distance is visible as slight bands. (b-c) Comparison with the corresponding fpVCT data after image fusion also shows the high accuracy. (TB-1R) |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4045663_pone-0098391-g004_294597.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | MWF maps of healthy MESE scans acquired at 1.5T.MWF computed from healthy in vivo anisotropic MESE scans acquired at 1.5T. Conventional reconstruction (top), spatial constrained reconstruction (middle) and anatomical T2 FLAIR images (bottom). Two consecutive axial slices at the level of thalamus and putamen are shown. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3789665_pone-0076715-g001_235619.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Microscopic comparison of patient’s and control erythrocytes in drug-induced endovesiculation.Erythrocytes of a PKAN+ patient (B and D) and a control donor (A and C) were treated with 3 mM primaquine (A and B) or 0.8 mM chlorpromazine (C and D) in the presence of FITC-dextran to monitor the formation of endovesicles by confocal microscopy. Representative phase contrast (left panels), fluorescence (middle panels) and overlay (right panels) images are shown. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4036493_F3_292378.jpg | Give an elaborate explanation of the image you see | Histopathological assessment of treatment efficacy with MSCs for hormone-induced ANFH. Eigth weeks after MSC transplantation, HE staining results of histological examination (A) were semi-quantified for hematopoietic tissue in the medullary cavity (B) and empty lacunae in the trabeculae (C). n = 15 or 30/group (3 sections/animal, 5 or 10 animals/group). *, P < 0.05 versus the ANFH group. #, P < 0.05 versus the MSCs + FG group. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4666855_Fig2_449374.jpg | Describe the following image in detail | Hematoxylin-Eosin staining of trigeminal ganglia from control (fresh), inflammatory (2 or 10 days post-CFA) and treated (KYNA and KYNAA2) groups. a Neurons of different size, surrounded by SGCs, were found. b-f As a result of inflammation, perineurium thickening (arrows) and sterile abscess (asterisk) were present. Inserts show higher magnification of the neurons surrounded by SGCs. In b-f, the inserts show abscesses with polymorphonuclear cells and macrophages. Insert scale bars 50 μm |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC2766891_F0007_48710.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | T2W (A), FLAIR (B), and MD map (C) images show an infarct in the left frontoparietal region (arrow) in a 30-year-old woman. The corresponding FA map (D) and the color-coded FA fused with MD map (E) images show low FA in the infarcted region (arrow) as well as in the area subjacent to the infarct, which appears normal on conventional imaging 6 weeks after the onset of stroke |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvi90rc074y0s2m56os.jpg | How many findings are present? | 2 |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2738866_fig2_44943.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Myocardial scintigraphy with 99mTc-tetrofosmin shows perfusion defect at the septal wall and hypoperfusion at the posterior wall and apex. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/inside_spleen/train_2112.jpg | Is lymphangiomatosis present? | no |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0kvxvh90q4074y1gxmb64k.jpg | What type of procedure is the image taken from? | Gastroscopy |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic22548.jpg | what is abnormal in the ct scan? | primary cns lymphoma in aids |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4387739_Fig2_375459.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you |
Brain MRI, PET-CT, and MRS findings at 4 months after coiling. 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) and 11C-methionine (MET) PET studies showed that glucose uptake in the lesion with hyperintense areas by FLAIR image (A-D, arrowheads) and enhanced areas by gadolinium-enhanced MRI (E-H, arrowheads) increased slightly or remained at the baseline level (I-L, arrowheads), whereas methionine uptake increased (M-P, arrowheads). 1H-MRS showed a slight increase of the choline (cho) peak and a marked decrease of the N-acetylaspartate (NAA) peak with an elevated lactate peak in the lesion (Q-S). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3477066_F4_161397.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Basal pupillometry in habitual occlusion. Right pupil diameter: 4.98mm. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3488388_fig2_163699.jpg | What is shown in this image? | Chest radiograph of day 2 showing diffuse alveolar opacities extending to the left upper lung fields, but in the right middle and lower lobe. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3517571_pone-0050655-g004_171350.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Figure A shows a T2prep image of the RCA in a patient with TA, while B represents the IR scan pre- and C the IR scan post- gadolinium administration in the same patient.The white arrow indicates the area of localized coronary artery vessel wall enhancement in C, the dotted arrow the coronary segment without LGE of the coronary vessel wall post contrast in the same coronary artery. |
splits/sfolder_3/PMC2584635_F1_30318.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | PIM recruitment: Lung section stained with only secondary antibody (A) show no reaction while anti-vWF antibody stained vascular endothelium (arrow). Lung sections from control rats (C) contained occasional septal ED1-positive cells (arrow) while those from BDL rats had numerous reactive cells in the septa (arrows). Immuno-electron micrograph (E) shows gold labeling (arrows) in the cytoplasm as an indication of ED-1 staining in a PIM. En: Endthelium; PIM: pulmonary intravascualr macrophage; L: lysosome. Bar: A-B: 50 μm; C-D: 100 μm; E: 1 μm. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_63166.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Coronally reformatted CT movie file showing bilateral dislocation of both atlanto-occipital joints. |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_01418.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Postoperative radiography after the femur reconstruction |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3853202_pone-0082512-g002_249455.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | Identification and analysis of induced endometriotic lesions.(A) Four weeks after treatment, B6C3F1 (I, II) and CD-1 nude (III, IV) mice were sacrificed; endometrial implants were identified (black arrows) and excised for further analysis. Adhesions were also observed at implant sites in the B6C3F1 (II) and CD-1 (IV) mice and involved the liver (L) and gut (G). (B) Hematoxylin-eosin staining of the endometriotic tissues derived from both mouse groups was performed for histological evaluation (magnification: x100). (C) The presence of L1CAM was observed in the endometriotic implants derived from autologous (I) and heterologous (II) models by immunohistochemistry. Negative (III) and positive (colon, squamous epithelium) (IV) controls are shown (magnification: x200). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_00349.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Subcutaneous soft tissue mass measuring 12.0 × 10.3 × 4.7 cm3 in the vicinity of prior greater saphenous vein, without abnormal enhancement. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC4491271_Fig2_402838.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Subcellular localization of full length HBZ and HBZ fragments as assessed by the 4D4-F3 mAb. Full length GFP-tagged HBZ (HBZ) and a series of GFP-tagged HBZ fragments listed in the top of the figure, were transfected into 293T cells and their subcellular localization investigated by confocal microscopy either as GFP fluorescence (first series of horizontal panels, a1–f1) or as reactivity with the 4D4-F3 mAb followed by Alexa fluor 546-labeled goat anti-mouse antibody (second series of horizontal panels, a2–f2). Third series of horizontal panels represent the merge between the GFP and the Alexa fluor 546 signals (a3–f3). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3184476_fig04_110641.jpg | Provide a detailed description of the given image | Hoxb1+ cells generated neuronal cells, glia progenitors, and melanocytes after delamination. Immunofluorescent detection of Hoxb1 (A–M), Tuj1 (A–E), P0 (F–I), and MelEM (J–M) on transverse sections of neural tubes 72h PE of Hoxb1. Boxed areas in (C), (H), (L) are shown in (D, E), (I), and (M), respectively, in higher magnification. Hoxb1+ cells generated neuronal cells (arrows in [C–E]), glial progenitors (arrowheads in [H, I]), and melanocytes (arrowheads in [L, M]). Tuj1+ and P0+ cells were seen also delaminating inside the lumen of the neural tube (boxed areas in [C, H]), whereas Hoxb1+/P0+ and Hoxb1+/MelEm+ cells migrated contralaterally as well. Abbreviations: DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; PE, postelectroporation. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/clb0lbwzadoxk086ugkmwg78t.jpg | Is this finding easy to detect? | No |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3977922_pone-0093814-g003_279226.jpg | Illustrate the image through a descriptive explanation | SWI MRI in PD and Non-PD patients.A. High resolution SWI MRI (3D gradient echo EPI, magnitude image) of a PD patient (left, 60 years, female, UPDRS: 53, HY score 3, nigrosome-1 absent bilaterally) and a control (right, 61 years, female, nigrosome-1 present bilaterally). B. Clinical high resolution 3D-T2*/SWI MRI (Philips ‘PRESTO’ sequence), of a PD patient (left, 58 years old, male, nigrosome-1 absent bilaterally) and a non-PD patient (right, 70 years old, female, diagnosed with an aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage, nigrosome-1 present bilaterally). |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3708441_fig3_217317.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | Bowen disease: Shave biopsy specimen showing mainly papillomatous epidermal lesion with hyperkeratotic horn. Inset: closer view of the underlying lesional epidermis shows cells with nuclear pleomorphism, prominent nucleoli, and frequent and abnormal mitotic figures. (H&E, ×20; Inset: ×400). |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3128046_F6_101180.jpg | Share a comprehensive rundown of the presented image | Positive selection acting on species clades. Positively selected sites identified on species clades are shown in a van der Waals representation on the SAL1 3D structure. Positively selected sites that matched amino acids involved in ligand binding are in yellow, the others in pink. Amino acids involved in ligand binding are in blue, the same as in Figure 4. Positively selected amino acids were identified by PAML computations using branch site models. A: in marmoset, B: in guinea pig, C: in horse, D: in mouse and E: in dog. |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3964928_f2-etm-07-04-1020_276395.jpg | Offer a succinct explanation of the picture presented. | MRI scans from a 29-year-old female. T1-weighted (A) coronal section of the larynx and (B) sagittal section of the larynx. T2-weighted (C) coronal section of the larynx and (D) axial section of the larynx. MRI, magnetic resonance imaging. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC3553006_pone-0054806-g012_180902.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Lung cell apoptosis at birth.An intense nuclear immunohistochemical signal (brown color) for caspase-3 protein is present in numerous airway epithelial (A) and surrounding interstitial cells but absent from vascular (V) cells in Klf4 null mouse lung (top left panel). Few cells (arrow) of the normal lung exhibit signal (top right panel). Signal limited to airway epithelial (A) cells in hyperoxia-exposed GGTenu1 lung as a positive control [13] (bottom left panel). No signal with omission of primary antibody as the negative control (bottom right panel). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3938318_F1_270528.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | A representative case of primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Biopsy materials were shown in the histopathologic examination, and tumoral cells in the sample indicated CK, CgA, CD56, Syn, TTF-1 and Ki-67 with a positive immunoreactivity by immunohistochemical examination. (Magnification, ×200). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3881694_f1-ol-07-02-0423_256676.jpg | Summarize the visual content of the image. | Typical histopathological appearance of head and neck tricholemmal carcinoma. (A) HE stain, (B) P-CK stain and (C) KRT15 stain. Magnification, left image ×200 and right image ×400. HE, hematoxylin and eosin; P-CK, pan-cytokeratin; KRT15, keratin 15. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC4214465_f2-ol-08-06-2687_331488.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Immunohistochemical and fluorescence in situ hybridization results. (A) S-100 protein was diffusely expressed in tumor cells (magnification, ×400). (B) Tumor cells were negative for HMB45 (magnification, ×400) and (C) the osteoclast-like giant cells were positive for CD68 (magnification, ×400). (D) Fluorescence in situ hybridization results revealed genetic disruption of EWSR1 (arrows indicate the abnormal signals). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4019539_pone-0096993-g003_288068.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | Immunohistochemistry analysis of Trop-2 expression in breast cancer.Breast cancer samples were analyzed by immunohistochemistry using the 162–46.2 anti-Trop-2 mAb [32] for detection of the intracellular Trop-2 (A) and with the R&D AF650 goat pAb for detection of membrane-associated Trop-2 (B). Images are representative cases of ductal (top panels) and lobular (bottom panels) cancers. Arrows: normal breast ducts. Expression levels were classified as high and low/negative. Magnification is 40x. |
ImageCLEFmed-MEDVQA-GI-2023-Development-Dataset/images/cl8k2u1qu1faj08322npi90ep.jpg | What type of polyp is present? | Paris is |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic49054.jpg | in what plane is this image taken? | sagittal |
ImageClef-2019-VQA-Med-Training/Train_images/synpic44726.jpg | in what plane was this image taken? | sagittal |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_3019.jpg | Is eye present? | yes |
splits/subfolder_2/PMC3157155_fig2_105338.jpg | Portray the image with a rich, descriptive narrative | Transducer placement and characteristic waveform using transcutaneous doppler ultrasonography. This demonstrates the characteristic transducer direction and image capture using the direct measurement through the left ventricular outflow tract. One notes a characterstic waveform and manipulates the transducer to obtain maximum outflow. This figure was published in the Textbook of Clinical Echocardiography, 3rd edition, Elsevier, Ltd, 2004. Page 148, Used with permission [25]. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/test/cell_sparse/train_1300.jpg | What is present? | nervous |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_04219.jpg | Render a clear and concise summary of the photo. | Contrast radiography demonstrated flow through the colo-duodenal fistula (arrow). |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3300079_F1_129532.jpg | Explain the various aspects of the image before you | FDG PET-CT, MR-angiography and CT in a patient with TA and stroke. (A) F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography showing fluorodeoxyglucose accumulation in the carotid arteries, ascending aorta, and the abdominal aorta cranial to the aneurysm (arrows with corresponding maximal standardized uptake values). (B) Magnetic resonance angiography of the cerebral vessels. (C), (D) Infrarenal aortic aneurysm (13 cm × 4.8 cm) with mural thrombus (arrows). (E) Computed tomography and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography revealing middle cerebral artery stroke (arrows). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_15183.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Kyphosis in the thoracic region of the spine |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC2702159_pmed-1000107-g006_40743.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | Changes in FDCs) in AHI.(A–D) 20×; (E–H) 40×. (A and E) The fine reticular network of FDCs in an uninfected terminal ileum Peyer's patch (stained with p75 nerve growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody NGFR5). (B and F) Typical hyperplastic FDCs in patient 018-4, 74 d after transmission (stained with NGFR5 monoclonal antibody). (C) (stained with CD21 monoclonal antibody 1F8) and (G) (stained with CD35 monoclonal antibody BerMAC) show condensation and early loss of FDC in AHI terminal ileum 010-1, 52 d after transmission. (D) (stained with NGFR5 monoclonal antibody) and (H) (stained with CD35 monoclonal antibody BerMAC) show progressive FDC destruction in terminal ileum 025-7, 105 d after transmission. |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC2277461_ppat-1000049-g001_19868.jpg | Clarify the contents of the displayed image with great detail | DC-SIGN+-dendritic cells are present in the sub-epithelial tissues of the respiratory tract.(A,B) Cryosections of different tissues from healthy donors were stained for the expression of DC-SIGN (green) and CD150 (red) using specific antibodies, and for the nuclei using Hoechst (blue). The sections were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. (A,B) Representative photos with a magnification of 100× are depicted (e = epithelium; s = sub-epithelial tissue, i = inter-follicular, f = follicles, m = medullary sinus, p = paracortex, arrow = autofluorescence, * = co-localization). |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC4200173_Fig2_328778.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner |
Enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging findings. a. Enhanced computed tomography showed a well-enhanced nodule in both the early and late phase. b. Dynamic T-1 weighted image revealed a highly intense nodule in the right breast (A). A subtraction image showed a hyper-intense nodule in early and late phases (B, C). |
roco-dataset/data/train/radiology/images/ROCO_02114.jpg | Create a compact narrative representing the image presented | Panoramic radiograph of a 2-year-old patient at diagnosis who was submitted to chemotherapy and 1,800 cGy irradiation. Note microdontia of the lower left premolars and second permanent molar. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC3014813_f04_82901.jpg | Break down the elements of the image in a detailed manner | Scanning electron micrographs of sound-producing structures in Oreta rosea. (A) An anterior view of a lateinstar larval head capsule showing the position of the left mandible (arrow, scale bar = 500 µm). (B) Higher magnification of a single mandible showing the serrated edge that is scraped against the leaf surface (scale bar = 100 µm), High quality figures are available online. |
splits/sfolder_1/PMC4701841_F3_459457.jpg | Share a concise interpretation of the image provided. | Correlation of testosterone level with microstructural measures in PCOS. White matter skeleton voxels exhibiting a positive correlation with FA (A) and AD (B) are shown in red. Displayed results are corrected for familywise error and thresholded for P < .05. |
splits/sfolder_2/PMC2797607_pone-0008577-g002_53331.jpg | Offer a thorough analysis of the image | AFM images of saliva exosomes.Exosomes (panels B–F) were adsorbed to WGA-coated mica surfaces. (A) Topography images were obtained with the use of the Mac mode in water (negative control—no exosomes). (B) A 3D AFM image of isolated exosomes adhering to a mica sheet. The bar denotes 200µM. (C) A high-resolution single image of the exosome structure on the mica. (D) Graphical representation of height and width of a single exosome. (E) Size distribution of several saliva exosomes imaged with AFM. (F) Graphical representation of the size distribution of exosomes showing near homogeneity with respect to height and width. |
splits/subfolder_3/PMC3118192_F3_99572.jpg | Write an exhaustive depiction of the given image | Vacuoles induced by MIPP acquire characteristics of late endosomes, but remain distinct from autophagosomes. U251 cells expressing GFP-Rab7 were treated with 10 μM MIPP and then processed for immunofluorescence microscopy. Confocal imaging was used to localize endogenous LAMP1, EEA1, LC3II and Rab11 (red) relative to the GFP-Rab7 (green). The scale bars are 10 microns. |
data_PathVQA/pathvqa_maml/t0/train/cell_dense/train_1129.jpg | What is present? | joints |
splits/subfolder_4/PMC3579929_pone-0056773-g002_187230.jpg | Provide a brief description of the given image. | Tryptase-stained skin biopsy.Skin biopsy in CUrt patient stained for tryptase (red) at baseline at low (10×, upper panels) and high (60×, lower panels) magnification and at 15 minutes following cold stimulation time test (CSTT-see methods). |
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